Artificial breeding method for centralized eclosion and directional oviposition of bamboo sections of bamboo borer provenance

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial breeding method for centralized eclosion and directional oviposition of a seed source bamboo section of bamboo borer, which relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of insects, and comprises the following steps: forming an observation hole in the side wall of a worm hole bamboo joint in the field to confirm pupae or mature larvae, sealing the hole to recover, cutting out the seed source bamboo section containing the worm hole bamboo joint and complete bamboo joints above and below the worm hole bamboo joint, and moisturizing and putting into a shed; light control, moisture preservation and water source supply facilities are arranged in the integrated breeding net shed with the totally-closed insect-proof net, and an eclosion area and a spawning area are formed; the adults are subjected to eclosion mating in the same net shed and are vertically arranged in the spawning area along the inner circumference close to the ground, and spawning bamboo shoots are replaced according to the day and are kept away from the front of eclosion holes; shearing the egg masses and the bamboo shoot shell pieces, placing into a microporous breathable box lined with wet filter paper for short-term preservation, and attaching to a target bamboo shoot for inoculation. According to the method, the insect state and the microenvironment can be locked, transfer interference is reduced, egg laying points are concentrated, egg sources can be dispatched, and the method is suitable for large-scale breeding and facilitates continuous egg taking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artificial insect breeding technology, specifically to an artificial breeding method for the concentrated emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo segments from which the bamboo borer is bred. Background Technology

[0002] Bamboo borers (bamboo worms / bamboo maggots) are bamboo-boring insects belonging to the family Pyralidae in the order Lepidoptera. The larvae bore into bamboo shoots or culms. In bamboo-growing areas of southwestern my country and Southeast Asia, they are used both as a source of bamboo production and as an edible insect. They typically have one generation per year, with a relatively concentrated and short-lived occurrence period. They are often bred in near-natural environments such as artificially or semi-artificially cultivated bamboo forests, net sheds, or insect houses. It is necessary to continuously obtain egg masses within the adult emergence window for hatching, batch inoculation, and propagation. Current processes usually follow the steps of "seed source acquisition - adult emergence and collection - separate feeding of males and females - pairing and mating - egg-laying substrate and collection of egg masses - hatching and inoculation".

[0003] Currently, similar technical solutions generally involve using wild bamboo as the center for netting to protect or intercept adult insects, and then collecting and trapping them for mating and egg-laying within cages. Chinese patent document CN118805745A (application number: CN202410946210.3, publication date: October 22, 2024) discloses an artificial breeding process that involves identifying bamboo in a bamboo forest, protecting the exit holes with netting, setting up adult insect collection cages at the exit holes to capture male and female adults, separating and feeding them with tissues for mating, using bamboo shoots to set up egg-laying cages to induce female insects to lay eggs, and managing the hatching and inoculation. Chinese patent document CN112167179A (application number: CN202011104154.7, publication date: January 5, 2021) discloses a method that involves allowing several pairs of insects to lay eggs naturally in a breeding pot, transferring the insects to a new breeding pot after the number of eggs reaches a set amount, and then moving the egg-containing breeding pot into a greenhouse for constant-temperature incubation, thereby achieving batch egg management and incubation environment management.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned application scenarios, the controllability of the continuous process of "mating-laying eggs-egg mass recovery" in the existing technology is still insufficient. This is mainly manifested in the fact that egg masses are not easy to concentrate and deposit in the predetermined location and to be recovered in batches. On the one hand, interception and collection with wild bamboo as the main collection target depends on the microclimate of the bamboo forest and the differences in bamboo material. The pupal emergence time is scattered and asynchronous. The capture and transfer of adult emergence holes requires frequent approach to the emergence hole and opening and closing. Adults have thin wings and are more sensitive to vibration and light. The transfer and cage change are prone to fluctuations in mating time and mating success rate due to disturbance or mechanical damage. The egg production and egg production time are not continuous. On the other hand, female insects are quite sensitive to substrate freshness, surface microstructure, odor volatility, and local temperature and humidity gradients when laying eggs. When using substrates such as bamboo shoots / segments, egg masses may be scattered and attached to gaps, cage walls, or mesh surfaces. Differences in moisture content, surface roughness, and volatile odor between different batches will further amplify the discontinuity of egg-laying locations. The recovery process requires manual searching, scraping, or dismantling of the substrate, which can easily cause egg mass contamination, mechanical damage, and batch mixing. Eggs are small in size and have a fragile structure, making them prone to detachment and changes in adhesion during recovery and transfer. This makes egg quantity calculation and seed preservation management more difficult, ultimately resulting in fluctuations in the quantity and quality of egg masses, inconsistencies in hatching and batch inoculation, and affecting the predictability and consistency of large-scale egg production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an artificial breeding method for the concentrated emergence and targeted oviposition of bamboo shoots containing bamboo borers. This method involves setting up light control, humidity control, and water supply facilities within an integrated breeding shed equipped with a fully enclosed insect-proof net, creating an emergence zone and an oviposition zone. Adult borers emerge and mate within the same shed, and then lay their eggs upright along the inner circumference of the oviposition zone, changing the oviposition bamboo shoots daily and avoiding areas directly in front of the emergence holes. The egg masses, along with the bamboo shoot sheaths, are cut and placed in a microporous, breathable box lined with moist filter paper for short-term preservation before being attached to target bamboo shoots for inoculation. This method locks in the insect stage and microenvironment, reduces migration interference, concentrates oviposition points, and allows for the relocation of egg sources, thus solving the technical problems described in the background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Artificial breeding methods for the concentrated emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo segments from bamboo borer seed sources include: selecting bamboo segments with insect holes in the natural occurrence area; opening observation holes on the side wall of the bamboo segments with insect holes to confirm that they are pupae or mature larvae; sealing the holes to restore the original state; and cutting off bamboo segments containing the bamboo segments with insect holes and at least one complete bamboo segment above and below them, keeping them moist and placing them in a greenhouse. An integrated breeding shed with a fully enclosed insect-proof net is constructed. Inside the shed, facilities for light control, moisture retention, and water supply are set up. Light control is achieved using a shade net, moisture retention is achieved using a water basin or humidifier, and water supply is achieved using a moisturizing and water-absorbing carrier. The seed bamboo segments are upright and fixed to form an emergence area and an egg-laying area. Adults are allowed to emerge and mate in the integrated breeding net shed. Fresh egg-laying bamboo shoots are placed upright along the inside of the net shed in the egg-laying area, avoiding the area directly in front of the emergence hole. The egg-laying bamboo shoots are replaced daily to collect the egg masses. After cutting off the egg mass along with the bamboo shoot sheath, place it in a microporous, breathable box lined with moist filter paper for short-term storage. Then, attach the sheath to the target bamboo shoot to complete the inoculation.

[0007] Furthermore, in the natural occurrence area of ​​the bamboo borer, the collection time is July of each year during the pupal period. Large clumps of bamboo with visible insect holes are selected. Observation holes are drilled along the bamboo nodes where the insect holes are located. After confirming that there are pupae in the bamboo section, the observation holes are restored to their original state, and the bamboo section containing the bamboo node where the insect holes are located is cut off, with one complete bamboo node retained above and below.

[0008] Furthermore, immediately after cutting the seed bamboo segment, wrap both ends of the seed bamboo segment with a damp towel to retain moisture, and put the seed bamboo segment into a breathable cloth bag to transport it back to the breeding point to avoid violent movement during transportation. After returning, fix the seed bamboo segment upright on the edge of the breeding shed and keep the emergence hole facing the center of the breeding shed.

[0009] Furthermore, the constructed breeding shed has a cubic structure, with its frame assembled from 3 cm x 5 cm cedar strips and fixed at the joints with anti-corrosion bolts. The five open sides of the shed are fully covered with 80-mesh insect-proof netting, with the netting overlapped by 5 cm and sewn for reinforcement. Each side of the shed has a zippered door for personnel to enter and exit.

[0010] Furthermore, a shade net with a 75% shading rate is covered on the roof and around the breeding shed. An ultrasonic humidifier is evenly placed inside the breeding shed and monitored with a digital thermometer and hygrometer. The ultrasonic humidifier humidifies throughout the day to maintain the relative humidity inside the breeding shed at 80% to 85%, while keeping the temperature at a natural temperature.

[0011] Furthermore, a shade net with a 70% shading rate is used to cover the roof and sides of the breeding shed, and the highest temperature inside the shed is controlled to not exceed 32℃. The bottom of the insect-proof net is buried 10 cm underground. A water basin with a diameter of 25 cm is placed inside the breeding shed, and a row of qualitative filter paper with a width of 10 cm and a length of 1.5 m is hung inside the insect-proof net around the roof. The qualitative filter paper is sprayed with clean water once a day at 9:00 and 16:00 to keep it moist.

[0012] Furthermore, fresh bamboo shoots are replaced and residues are cleaned up once a day before 9:00 AM in the breeding shed. One fresh bamboo shoot is placed in the center of the breeding shed floor, and the remaining fresh bamboo shoots are placed upright close to the ground around the breeding shed, avoiding the emergence hole, and covering the area around the seed bamboo section as much as possible, so as to serve as a directional egg-laying carrier.

[0013] Furthermore, after the bamboo segments from the seed source emerge, moist filter paper is laid around the bottom of the breeding shed as a water-absorbing carrier. The temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity inside the breeding shed are recorded once each at 8:00, 14:00, and 20:00 every day. The number of matings of adult insects and the number of egg masses are counted daily, and the number of eggs and the location of egg laying are recorded.

[0014] 9. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The egg masses attached to the bamboo shoot shells were cut into 3 cm x 3 cm pieces along with the bamboo shoot shells and placed in a special collection bag. The bag was kept at a humidity of over 80% and the collection location, date and larval stage were marked. The bag was then transported back to the laboratory within 2 hours and placed in a transparent rearing container with a shade net around the container. The humidity inside the container was maintained at 80% to 85%. The changes in the egg masses were observed at 9:00 and 15:00 every day until hatching.

[0015] Furthermore, when preserving the egg masses, they were placed at a preservation temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 80%, and a mixture of bamboo powder and agar was used as the preservation medium. The bamboo powder had a particle size of 80 mesh, a mass percentage of 60%, a mass percentage of 10%, a mass percentage of 5%, a mass percentage of 25%, and a pH of 6.3 to 6.7 after sterilization.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides an artificial breeding method for the concentrated emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo segments from which the bamboo borer is bred, which has the following beneficial effects: First, open an observation hole to confirm the pupa or mature larva. Then, place the bamboo segment containing the insect hole or the complete bamboo segment inside the shed while keeping it moist. By sealing the hole, the original microenvironment of the bamboo segment is maintained. The insect stage and the boundary of the carrier are locked before entering the shed, avoiding the fluctuation of emergence caused by unclear insect stage and water loss or mold of the bamboo segment. Simultaneously, within the same fully enclosed insect-proof integrated breeding shed, light sources, water sources, and humidifying and water-absorbing carriers are set up to divide the emergence zone and oviposition zone. Emergence, mating, and oviposition are completed continuously without transferring adults, allowing the escape prevention and humidity control boundaries to be repeated, reducing wing injuries and behavioral interruptions caused by trapping and transferring, and suppressing escape and predator intrusion. The seed bamboo segments are fixed upright with the emergence holes facing the center of the shed to form the emergence zone. In step three, oviposition bamboo shoots are arranged along the inner perimeter of the shed. The oviposition bamboo shoots should avoid the area directly in front of the emergence holes and be replaced. The adult activity path is guided to the oviposition zone, and the egg masses are concentrated on the surface of the oviposition bamboo shoot shell, reducing the dispersion, concealment, and omission of egg masses.

[0017] By implementing low-interference management during the peak emergence period, continuously moistening the water-absorbing carrier and replenishing water with fresh bamboo shoots or leaves, adults can continue to mate and lay eggs at night under the stimulation of water and odor. Timely removal of decaying residue reduces the interference of odors and mold on reproduction under high humidity conditions. Egg masses are cut along with bamboo shoot shells and placed in a microporous breathable box with moistened filter paper for short-term preservation, avoiding direct peeling and damage of the eggs. When necessary, bamboo shoot shells are attached to the target bamboo shoots for inoculation. There is no boundary between the collection, transportation, preservation or inoculation of egg masses and ventilation and moisture retention. This forms a closed loop with the above-mentioned microenvironment preservation, continuous breeding in the net shed and directional egg laying rules, which facilitates the centralized and intensive scheduling and management of egg sources. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the artificial breeding process for the centralized emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo segments from which the bamboo borer is a product of this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the cutting and numbering of bamboo segments from seed sources; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of adult emergence activities within an integrated breeding shed; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the attachment of egg-laying bamboo shoots and egg masses; Figure 5 A schematic diagram for cutting and fixing egg mass shell pieces. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides an artificial breeding method for the centralized emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo stem borer seed bamboo segments. The method is designed for artificial breeding scenarios in the natural occurrence areas of bamboo stem borers, such as Dehong and Xishuangbanna. Starting with locking the insect stage in the wild and sealing the microenvironment of the seed bamboo segments, the method sequentially completes the following steps: controllable entry of the seed bamboo segments into the shed, centralized emergence and natural mating in the integrated breeding shed, directional oviposition on bamboo shoot carriers, and collection, hatching, batch preservation and inoculation of egg masses. This ensures that the egg supply has an organized time boundary and a traceable input boundary.

[0022] Step 1: In the wild, first confirm the stage of the bamboo borer and seal the original microenvironment of the bamboo source segments so that the bamboo source segments entering the integrated breeding net shed have a consistent insect stage and water boundary.

[0023] Bamboo borers can exhibit different developmental stages within the same region and bamboo forest due to variations in altitude, slope aspect, understory humidity, and bamboo species. In the wild, damaged bamboo stalks may be at different stages, such as 5th instar larvae, pupae, or nearing emergence. Directly cutting and transporting bamboo stalks based solely on month or appearance can lead to two risks when placed in integrated breeding net houses: First, the infestation stage may be too early, requiring the bamboo stalks to undergo a prolonged pupation and pupal period within the net house. During this time, the bamboo stalk ends and newly opened areas continuously lose water, making it easier for mold to colonize the bamboo cavity. Even with high humidity, it is difficult for managers to synchronize the emergence start time of each bamboo stalk. Second, the infestation stage may be too late, with the pupae nearing emergence. The vibrations, sun exposure, and water loss during transport can have a cumulative effect in a short period, leading to unstable adult emergence quality and subsequent fluctuations in mating and oviposition rhythms.

[0024] The uncertain insect stage in the field is compressed into a definite input of confirmed pupae or mature larvae, and the water vapor exchange boundary brought about by the opening is restored to a stable state before leaving the field, so that subsequent interception, transportation and handover into the netting greenhouse no longer rely on experience and guesswork. Intent: To move the decisive uncertainty forward and eliminate it, and avoid bringing fluctuations into the netting greenhouse.

[0025] In the pretreatment stage, the collection window is first defined: in Dehong, July can be selected as the preferred collection month, but the real criterion is that the insect stage can be directly confirmed in the observation hole. Therefore, it can still be implemented when different years or different forest stands cause the phenology to advance or delay.

[0026] The key to the core treatment stage lies in the joint control of the location and size of the observation hole: the observation hole is set on the side wall of the bamboo node where the insect hole is located and avoids the original insect hole, so as not to damage the weak structure around the larval invasion hole or the pupa emergence hole, and reduce the collapse of the emergence channel and the formation of secondary cracks; the size of the observation hole must simultaneously meet the requirements of being able to see the insect body clearly and minimizing the opening area, because the water loss flux of the bamboo segment is mainly driven by the opening area. The larger the opening, the more difficult it is to compensate for the relative humidity inside the bamboo cavity by external humidification.

[0027] The key to the post-processing stage is ensuring that the hole sealing restoration is completed in accordance with the confirmed insect stage. The hole sealing structure needs to provide both mechanical support and continuous sealing. If either is lacking, the observation hole will expand into a water loss port due to transportation vibrations, making it easier for mold to enter the bamboo cavity. In the natural occurrence area of ​​the bamboo borer, suspected source bamboo is first verified. After confirming that the bamboo culm has insect holes, deformed nodes, or abnormal internodes, the bamboo node with the insect hole is selected as the target bamboo node. Then, the side wall of the target bamboo node is selected as the opening point. The opening point is visually separated from the original insect hole, and the opening direction avoids the crack texture of the bamboo wall to prevent the crack from spreading along the texture. The hole is made with a hand drill or electric drill and a depth limiter. The diameter of the observation hole is 5-15mm, preferably 8-12mm. The diameter is confirmed by measuring the inner diameter of the hole opening with vernier calipers. When the bamboo wall is thick and obstructs the view, a window form can be used. The window side length is 8-20mm, and the side length is confirmed by measuring with a ruler.

[0028] After drilling, any visible bamboo shavings at the opening and inside the hole should be removed immediately to prevent them from covering the insect's surface and affecting identification. Insect development is primarily determined by direct observation. When the insect's exoskeleton is hardened and there is no continuous wriggling, it is considered a pupa; when the insect's body is soft and exhibits wriggling and retraction behaviors, it is considered a mature larva. When visibility is limited, a fine probe can be used to gently touch the outer surface without piercing it to obtain information about the larva's reaction, or a small endoscope can be used for further confirmation.

[0029] After confirmation, the holes are immediately sealed and restored. The sealing process consists of two steps: an inner load-bearing layer and an outer sealing layer. The inner layer uses a bamboo plug or bamboo strip that matches the hole diameter to press into the hole, preventing the hole opening from expanding under vibration during handling. The outer layer uses wax sealant or inert tape to cover the hole opening, forming a continuous sealing layer. The sealing layer covers the hole opening and extends outwards to the surrounding intact bamboo wall for at least 5mm to ensure that the sealing layer does not lift due to the bamboo wall texture. After sealing, press along the outer edge of the hole with your finger to check and confirm that the sealing layer is free of lifting and cracks. Then, a batch label is affixed to the outer surface of the bamboo section, indicating the collection date, collection location, and insect stage determination result.

[0030] When in use, while satisfying observation and judgment, the opening area is limited to restrict the water vapor exchange channel, making it easier to maintain the humidity inside the bamboo cavity; the sealing and restoration structure of the hole by bamboo plug bearing force + wax sealing or inert tape sealing and completing the integrity check on site can reduce the probability of hole expansion and continuous water loss caused by transportation vibration.

[0031] Furthermore, although the insect stage is locked, the bamboo segment is still in a state where a stable transport boundary has not yet been formed. If the bamboo node septum is damaged or the end face is exposed too much during cutting, the water buffering capacity inside the bamboo cavity will decrease rapidly, and the microenvironment around the pupa will undergo irreversible changes during the transport process. At the same time, vibration, collision and sunlight during the transport process will amplify the water loss and temperature fluctuations at the end face, making the emergence start time and emergence concentration of bamboo segments from the same batch of seed source become discrete after entering the integrated breeding net shed. Even if the manager maintains relative humidity, it is difficult to organize the mating and oviposition time window.

[0032] Therefore, the bamboo cavity diaphragm boundary is constructed using a cut structure that preserves the integrity of the upper and lower bamboo nodes, the moisture boundary is constructed using end-face moisturization, and the time boundary is constructed using time-limited entry into the greenhouse. These three types of boundaries are used as the entry and handover conditions to ensure consistent input in step two. The intention is to transform the transportation process from one of uncontrollable losses to one of acceptable handover.

[0033] Specifically, in the pre-processing stage, the structural boundaries of the cut section must be determined: the bamboo node where the insect hole is located must be the center, and at least one complete bamboo node must be retained above and below it, so that the septa above and below the bamboo cavity where the insect body is located are intact. The integrity of the septa means that the insect body is in a relatively closed buffer chamber, and the effect of water loss from the end face on the humidity around the insect body is weakened by the damping of the septa.

[0034] The core processing stage includes the joint control of cutting length and end-face moisturizing: the length of bamboo segments is controlled at 30-80cm, preferably 40-60cm. This range can stably preserve the complete bamboo nodes at the top and bottom, and also makes it easy to stand upright and fix in the integrated breeding net shed without easily tipping over. The end face is the interface with the greatest water loss, and end-face moisturizing must be implemented immediately after cutting. The end face is covered with a damp towel and fixed with a breathable outer layer, which provides continuous water supply and prevents free water from entering the bamboo cavity.

[0035] In the post-processing stage, the focus is on timed placement in the greenhouse and handover inspection: the time from the start of cutting to placement in the greenhouse should be limited to 2-12 hours, preferably 2-6 hours. Exceeding the upper limit will increase the risk of water loss and mold. Before and after placement in the greenhouse, the integrity of the sealing holes, the moisture state of the end face, and the consistency with the batch identification should be checked, serving as proof of handover from step one to step two. After the sealing holes are restored, the operator determines the cutting position along the vertical direction of the target bamboo node. The bamboo node with the insect hole is in the middle of the cut bamboo segment, leaving a complete bamboo node above and below. Cutting is done in one go with a handsaw or electric saw, avoiding the protruding parts of the bamboo node septum to reduce the probability of septum tearing; if burrs are produced by cutting, use a knife to trim the end face along the grain, and a damp towel should be placed against the end face. Immediately after cutting, use a tape measure to measure and record the length of the bamboo segment, which should be 30-80cm.

[0036] Next, moisturize the bamboo ends during transport: Wrap towels soaked in clean water around the cut ends of the bamboo segments. Wring the towels until they are no longer dripping wet to prevent free water from seeping into the bamboo cavity through the bamboo wall. The towels should cover the entire end face and extend to the outer bamboo wall. Then, place a breathable cloth bag or mesh bag over the towels and secure them to prevent slippage during transport. During transport, place the bamboo on a cushioned surface to avoid continuous friction and impact with hard surfaces; avoid storing it with sharp tools, as the outer sealing layer can be easily scratched.

[0037] If strong sunlight necessitates additional shading, a shading layer should be added on top of the breathable outer layer, ensuring there are no air gaps between the shading layer and the bamboo segments to prevent stuffiness. Before arriving at the integrated breeding shed after transportation, the operator must conduct a handover inspection: First, check if the outer seal of the holes is continuous and without cracks; if cracks are found, immediately re-cover with sealing material until continuous. Second, ensure both ends of the bamboo are covered and moistened; if dry, re-soak and wring until no water drips before wrapping. Third, confirm the batch identification and timing record, ensuring the time elapsed since entering the shed is within the specified range. Afterward, the seed bamboo segments are transferred for upright fixing and the establishment of the molting area.

[0038] By centering on the insect-hole bamboo node and preserving at least one complete bamboo node above and below, the bamboo cavity septum is kept intact, and the disturbance of humidity around the insect body caused by water loss at the end face is buffered by the septum; the moisture boundary at the end face can be maintained during transportation, reducing microenvironmental drift caused by water loss; and reducing quality fluctuations caused by uncontrollable stay before entering the shed, so that consistent seed bamboo segments are obtained in step two.

[0039] In practice, collection is preferably carried out in July in the Dehong area, but the final criterion is the confirmation of the presence of pupae or mature larvae in the observation hole; if young larvae are observed or no insect body is seen, the bamboo segment will not be used as the source bamboo segment for this batch. The operator makes an observation hole on the side wall of the bamboo segment where the insect hole is located. The position of the observation hole is offset from the original insect hole and avoids the direction of the bamboo wall crack. The shape of the observation hole is a round hole or a window; the diameter of the round hole is controlled between 5 mm and 15 mm, and the side length of the window is controlled between 8 mm and 20 mm. The size is confirmed on site by measuring with calipers or a ruler.

[0040] Insect development is primarily confirmed by visual observation, supplemented by gentle probe contact, with a portable endoscope used when necessary. Once the presence of a pupa or mature larva is confirmed, the pore is immediately sealed. The sealing structure employs a continuous design: an inner load-bearing layer and an outer sealing layer. The inner layer is a bamboo plug or bamboo strip matching the pore size, while the outer layer is any one of paraffin wax, beeswax, medical paraffin film, or inert tape. The outer layer covers the pore opening and extends outwards to the surrounding intact bamboo wall for at least 5 mm. The sealing surface is smoothed to prevent water accumulation and depressions. Subsequently, bamboo segments are cut centered on the node containing the insect hole. The cut structure consists of the node with the insect hole, at least one intact node above, and at least one intact node below. The length of the cut is controlled between 30 and 80 cm, measured and recorded using a measuring tape. After trimming the burrs on the cut ends, the ends are immediately moisturized. This is done by wrapping both ends of the cut with a damp towel (wrung out but not dripping), then securing them with a breathable cloth bag. During transportation, avoid direct sunlight and use shock-absorbing pads to prevent hard impacts. The time from the completion of the cutting begins, and the time for entering the shed is controlled between 2 and 12 hours, preferably between 2 and 6 hours; each bamboo segment is labeled with a batch label and the collection date, location, altitude, bamboo species, and insect life determination results are recorded.

[0041] Step 2: Construct a reproducible integrated breeding shed, and establish measurable and controllable light, temperature, humidity, and escape prevention boundaries within the shed. Simultaneously, complete the spatial division of the molting area and the directional egg-laying area to provide a stable place for subsequent centralized molting, natural mating, and directional egg-laying. This can be achieved by setting up light control, humidity control, and water supply facilities within the shed. Light control is achieved using shade nets, humidity control is achieved using water basins or humidifiers, and water supply is achieved using a moistening and water-absorbing carrier. The seed bamboo segments are upright and fixed to form the molting area and the egg-laying area.

[0042] After the bamboo segments obtained in step one enter the integrated breeding net shed, they will emerge as adults in a concentrated manner. When exposed to strong light or startled, the adults are prone to flying into the net and escaping through the gaps. Once this happens, the mating and oviposition chain within the net shed is forcibly interrupted, making it difficult to recover the egg masses. At the same time, the shaking of the skeleton will be transmitted to the upright and fixed bamboo segments, causing friction cracks on the end faces and expanding the water loss interface, increasing the risk of mold growth.

[0043] Therefore, the main approach is to first establish a load-bearing framework, then form a continuous closed boundary, and finally use acceptance procedures to solidify the boundary quality, thus simultaneously solidifying structural reliability and escape prevention reliability as conditions for handover. Specifically, in the pre-treatment stage, the location of the net canopy is selected and the ground is leveled to prevent the bottom edge from being suspended and forming an escape channel.

[0044] The core processing stage revolves around four coupling parameters: the insect-proof netting mesh count is 80 meshes, the interface overlap width is more than 5 cm, the entrances and exits use zipper doors or double doors to form a closed surface, and in the field or forest edge environment, the bottom edge of the insect-proof netting is buried in the soil 10 cm to form a compacted friction boundary. Among the above parameters, 80 meshes and 5 cm overlap are parameters that must be strictly controlled, as deviations will directly lead to through gaps or the risk of the netting penetrating; the external dimensions of the net shed are parameters that can be relaxed and adjusted within a reasonable range according to the site. In the post-processing stage, an escape-proof acceptance is carried out. The acceptance criteria are the absence of through gaps visible to the naked eye, the absence of warped edges to the touch, and the continuity of the closed surface after the doors are opened and closed. The acceptance results are linked to the net shed number record, so that the handover from step two to step three is based on the same structural boundary quality.

[0045] The preferred material for the mesh frame is fir strips or metal square tubing with a cross-section of 3 to 6 centimeters. The frame dimensions can be selected within the range of 1.5 to 2.4 meters in length, 1.5 to 2.4 meters in width, and 2.0 to 2.4 meters in height, but verticality and diagonal consistency must be ensured to prevent wrinkles and gaps from forming at the corners after the insect netting is stretched. After securing the frame joints with bolts or screws, re-measure along the four corners and diagonally, and manually push to confirm there is no significant wobbling.

[0046] The 80-mesh insect-proof netting is then stretched taut on the outside of the frame and continuously secured with strips or grooves. At the joints, an overlap of at least 5 cm is made first, then the netting is sewn or secured continuously along its entire length using cable ties to avoid point fixation that could create bulges or gaps. The entrance / exit is located on one side of the frame. For zippered doors, the zipper teeth cover the entire height of the door and a strip forms a closed surface. For double doors, a 3-6 cm overlap is formed at the junction of the door panels. In the field or forest edge environment, the insect-proof netting is laid in a trench dug along the bottom edge and backfilled and compacted, with a burial depth of 10 cm. During acceptance, a flashlight is shone on the joints from the inside, and the outside is observed for light transmission. Simultaneously, the closed surface of the door frame is slowly felt by hand to confirm there are no gaps large enough to insert a fingertip. After acceptance, a netting shed number plate is affixed to the entrance of the netting shed, and the netting shed number, acceptance date, inspector, problems found, and actions taken are recorded in the record sheet as a baseline record for subsequent operation.

[0047] The double-layered closed boundary formed by overlapping 80-mesh insect-proof netting with interfaces of 5 cm or more reduces the probability of adult insects passing through the netting and escaping through gaps, confining adult insect activity within the integrated breeding shed. The closed surface design of zipper doors or double doors, combined with inspection and acceptance, allows for the early detection and correction of boundary damage risks caused by personnel entering and exiting. The compacted friction boundary formed by 10 cm buried edges reduces the probability of ground pests entering and forming escape channels from the bottom edge. The above-mentioned structural boundaries, together with the acceptance records, form the handover basis for steps two and three, ensuring that the subsequent construction of light and temperature / humidity boundaries has stable bearing conditions.

[0048] Adult bamboo borers are nocturnal and prefer dark environments; strong light will induce continuous flight and increase the probability of them colliding with nets. Egg masses are sensitive to humidity; too low humidity easily leads to dehydration, while too high humidity and insufficient ventilation easily cause mold growth. In step one, the bamboo segments used for seed production still have a moisture gradient at their ends. If the peak temperature inside the netted greenhouse is too high, the relative humidity will decrease as the temperature rises. The water loss at the ends and the fluctuations in humidity within the bamboo cavity will be amplified and superimposed, leading to a disruption in the emergence and oviposition rhythms.

[0049] Furthermore, by coupling the settings of shading rate, moisture evaporation supply, monitoring calibration and spatial zoning, light, temperature and humidity are incorporated into measurable and adjustable management actions, and the moisture source is placed on one side of the directional egg-laying area, providing a behavioral path basis for the directional placement of bamboo shoots in step three.

[0050] Specifically, in the pretreatment stage, the shading boundaries and monitoring points are determined. The shading net should have a shading rate of 50% to 75%, preferably 60% to 70%, covering the roof and surrounding areas of the canopy and maintaining a continuous lower edge. The shading rate can be verified by checking the nominal value of the shading net against the certificate of conformity, or by using a lux meter to measure the illuminance outside and inside the canopy at the same time and recording the ratio to identify light leakage areas. At least two digital thermometers and hygrometers should be installed at the monitoring points, one at the center of the canopy and the other near the ground, to identify vertical temperature and humidity stratification.

[0051] The core processing stage establishes a humidity control window, with a relative humidity of 78% to 85%, preferably 80% to 83%. Humidity replenishment is primarily through evaporation to avoid standing water. Evaporative humidification is achieved using a water basin and wet filter paper strips. The water basin is 25-30 cm in diameter, 18-22 cm high, and 8-12 cm deep, with the water depth maintained daily. The wet filter paper strips are 8-12 cm wide and 1.2-1.8 m long, suspended inside the insect-proof netting around the perimeter of the greenhouse. Water is sprayed 1-3 times daily, with 09:00 and 16:00 being the preferred spraying times to cover the daytime heating phase. Water replenishment and spraying are cyclical processes, iteratively adjusted daily based on digital thermometer and hygrometer readings. However, if human intervention causes the relative humidity to drop below the preferred range, it must be restored to the 78%-85% control range within 2 hours.

[0052] The post-processing stage simultaneously completes microclimate acceptance and zoning acceptance. Microclimate acceptance is judged by the following criteria: the highest temperature inside the greenhouse does not exceed 32 degrees Celsius, the relative humidity is within the control range, there is no standing water on the ground, there is no dripping water on the wet filter paper strips, and the water depth in the clean water basin is between 8 cm and 12 cm. Zoning acceptance is judged by the following criteria: the boundary between the molting area and the directional egg-laying area is clear, the passage from the door to the operation channel is unobstructed, and personnel do not need to touch the seed bamboo segments when entering and exiting.

[0053] Shading rate measurement: The illuminance inside the greenhouse is measured by a lux meter at an operating height of 1.2m inside the greenhouse. The outdoor illuminance is defined as the unobstructed illuminance at the same height outside the netting canopy. shading rate Calculate using the following formula:

[0054] in, The value ranges from 0 to 1; when the shading rate is 60%, .

[0055] Definition of low light operation: During the period of wing hardening protection after emergence, the operating illuminance should be controlled at 50 lx to 200 lx; ​​if there is no illuminance timer, a red flashlight with a wavelength of 620 nm to 660 nm can be used to provide short-term illumination at a distance of 1 m to 2 m, ensuring that it does not shine directly on the adult gathering area.

[0056] When covering with shade netting, first secure the roof, then the perimeter. The shade netting should be flush with the insect netting to prevent it from billowing in the wind and creating light and dark patches. The lower edge of the shade netting should be fixed 10-20 cm from the ground to prevent it from dragging on the ground, absorbing water, and causing mold, while ensuring continuous lateral shading. A digital thermometer and hygrometer with a resolution of 1 percentage point, a relative humidity measurement error of no more than 3 percentage points, and a temperature measurement error of no more than 0.5 degrees Celsius should be selected. Before first use, two-point calibration should be performed: calibration at 25 degrees Celsius using a 75% relative humidity point formed by a saturated sodium chloride solution and a 97% relative humidity point formed by a saturated potassium sulfate solution. After calibration, the central thermometer and hygrometer should be fixed at a height of 1.0-1.3 meters from the ground, and the near-ground thermometer and hygrometer at a height of 10-20 cm from the ground. Place a basin of clean water in the center of the directional spawning area or near the passageway. When adding water, use a measuring cup to measure the volume and restore the water depth to 8-12 cm. After suspending the wet filter paper strips, spray them evenly from top to bottom, stopping when the entire length of the filter paper is wet but not dripping. If the netted shelter is located at the forest edge and the daytime temperature is close to the upper limit of 32 degrees Celsius, add an extra spray around 14:00 to ensure that the relative humidity does not drop below the lower limit of 78% during the warming phase.

[0057] After establishing the temperature and humidity boundary, arrange the space according to the sequence of entrance - operation passage - directional egg-laying area. Concentrate the seed bamboo segments input in step one on the side away from the entrance to form a molting area. Maintain a spacing of 5 cm to 20 cm between the seed bamboo segments and fix them upright, with the molting holes facing the central passage of the net shed. On the other side, form a directional egg-laying area and reserve an operation passage with a width of 0.6 m to 1.0 m to prevent collisions with the seed bamboo segments and shaking when replacing bamboo shoots in step three.

[0058] In one implementation example, the operator constructs an integrated breeding net shed measuring 2.0 meters long, 2.0 meters wide, and 2.0 meters high in a rural courtyard. First, an 80-mesh insect-proof net is stretched and fixed, with a 5-centimeter overlap at the seams. Then, a trench is dug around the perimeter, and the bottom edge of the insect-proof net is pressed 10 centimeters into the trench, backfilled, and compacted. After passing the escape prevention inspection, a 60% shading net is covered and its lower edge is fixed 15 centimeters off the ground. Next, a basin of clean water, 30 centimeters in diameter and 20 centimeters high, is placed in the designated directional egg-laying area and filled with water to a depth of 10 centimeters. Wet filter paper strips, 10 centimeters wide and 1.5 meters long, are hung on the inner sides of the shed roof, and clean water is sprayed twice, at 09:00 and 16:00. After spraying, the filter paper is checked to ensure it is not dripping water.

[0059] The operator fixed the calibrated digital thermometer and hygrometer at heights of 1.2 meters and 15 centimeters above the ground, respectively. Based on the readings, the operator maintained the relative humidity within the controlled range by adding water and spraying. The operator also controlled the maximum temperature inside the greenhouse to not exceed 32 degrees Celsius by covering with shade netting and supplementing with spraying as needed. Finally, the operator concentrated and fixed the seed bamboo segments input in step one on one side of the netted greenhouse to form a molting area, while reserving space for an operating passage and a directional egg-laying area on the other side to ensure that the seed bamboo segments would not collide with the bamboo segments during subsequent bamboo shoot replacement.

[0060] Before using a thermometer and hygrometer, at least two calibrations should be performed: 75% relative humidity calibration: Place a saturated sodium chloride solution in a sealed container (keeping undissolved crystals at the bottom), suspend the thermometer and hygrometer probe above the solution without touching the liquid surface; let it stand for 6 to 12 hours at 25℃ in a sealed container, record the deviation and perform zero-point correction after the reading stabilizes; 97% relative humidity calibration: Perform high humidity point calibration using a saturated potassium sulfate solution in the same way; Temperature calibration: Use a calibrated glass thermometer or standard thermometer as a reference, compare and record the deviation in the range of 20℃ to 30℃.

[0061] When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse exceeds 85% for 2 consecutive hours or condensation occurs on the mesh / carrier surface, one or a combination of the following dehumidification actions should be taken immediately: reduce the number of water sprays per day to once; replace or shorten the length of the wet filter paper to 1.2m; open the gaps in the greenhouse doors or the top ventilation openings for ventilation for 5 to 10 minutes (under low light conditions), and remove any standing water and decaying residue from the bottom of the greenhouse; resume the normal water spraying frequency after the relative humidity has recovered to 78% to 85% at the next recording point.

[0062] Reducing daytime radiative heat input provides the necessary temperature for maintaining relative humidity; through two-point calibration and stratified monitoring, the humidity level can be converted into recordable readings, reducing the deviation of different operators; by dividing the emergence area and the directional oviposition area and directing the moisture source towards the directional oviposition area, a spatial aggregation direction for adult insects to rest and replenish water can be formed, allowing the bamboo shoots in step three to be placed within the same boundary, reducing the probability of egg masses falling onto the net surface and the surface of the emergence area.

[0063] Step 3: Within the same integrated breeding shed, molting, mating, and directional egg laying are completed in a low-disturbance manner, so that the egg masses are deposited on the pre-set carrier as much as possible and are easy to retrieve.

[0064] When the bamboo segments from the seed source emerge in the emergence area, the adults need to first complete the unfolding and hardening of their wings before they can sustain nighttime flight and mating by obtaining water. If doors are frequently opened, strong light shines on them, or they are touched by the frame during this stage, the adults will be startled and crash into the net, causing their wings to curl or wear down. This can easily disrupt their mating behavior, and subsequently, the oviposition rhythm will be out of sync with the bamboo shoot replacement rhythm, making it easier for the egg masses to fall onto the insect-proof netting or the surface of the seed bamboo segments. On the other hand, if only the air humidity is increased without access to the water supply interface, the adults may still experience insufficient water intake, manifesting as unstable perching and reduced nighttime activity.

[0065] First, verify that the relative humidity of the integrated breeding greenhouse is controlled between 78% and 85%, preferably between 80% and 83%. Relative humidity is measured using a digital thermo-hygrometer. Before first use, the digital thermo-hygrometer should be calibrated using a 75% relative humidity point formed by a saturated sodium chloride solution and a 97% relative humidity point formed by a saturated potassium sulfate solution. The calibration date and instrument number should be recorded in the log sheet. Relative humidity is a strictly controlled variable. If the relative humidity is below 78% for two consecutive hours, evaporative water should be added and the humidity restored to the control range within two hours. If the relative humidity is briefly above 85%, it is permissible to reduce ventilation or decrease the frequency of respraying to bring it back to the control range.

[0066] The maximum temperature inside the greenhouse must not exceed 32℃, and the maximum temperature is determined by the highest value recorded by the thermometer and hygrometer in the middle of the greenhouse on that day. When a temperature rise trend is observed, the integrity of the shade netting should be checked first, and water should be sprayed on the wet filter paper strips inside the greenhouse roof to reduce the heat load. Hardening protection is implemented with a fixed window of 0.5 to 2 hours after the adult emerges. During this window, it is forbidden to replace bamboo shoots, add water or change water basins, or move the fixed points of the seed bamboo segments. Observation is only allowed from the outside of the netted greenhouse. If the door must be opened for safety reasons, the lighting should be controlled at low light and completed within 5 minutes and closed immediately. Mating confirmation is arranged at night or after natural light has significantly decreased. The recorded items should include at least the number of mating pairs, the start and end times of mating, the mating location category, and whether there were significant environmental fluctuations that night. The mating location category is recorded in three fixed categories: within the emergence area, within the directional oviposition area, and near the door passage, to avoid data incomparability caused by different names for the same location. Intended purpose: To transform the subjective judgment of whether mating is possible into a traceable record by using quantifiable boundaries, thereby providing a rhythmic basis for subsequent spawning induction.

[0067] After the bamboo seedlings are upright and fixed, the operator first lays wet filter paper strips around the bottom of the directional egg-laying area as a water supply interface. The width of the wet filter paper strips is controlled between 8 and 12 centimeters. When laying them, they should be close to the ground and parallel to the bottom edge of the insect-proof net to avoid rolling up and causing local drying. The wet filter paper strips are evenly sprayed with clean water using a spray bottle, and the state is stopped when the entire length is wet but not dripping. The moisture status is checked once at 09:00 and 16:00 every day. If the edges are found to be dry, clean water is sprayed again. If sugar water is used for supplementation, the sucrose mass fraction of the sugar water is controlled between 2% and 5%. The sugar water is only dripped onto the wet filter paper strips and is replaced within 24 hours to avoid sugar water residue inducing mold. The water basin evaporation system maintains a water depth of 8 to 12 centimeters. Water is replenished using a measuring cup and restored to the set water depth. The water replenishment is scheduled to be completed during the period when no molting activity is observed.

[0068] After the emergence period begins, the operator uses 08:00, 14:00, and 20:00 as fixed recording points to read and record the temperature and relative humidity from the outside of the net shed. If newly emerged adults are observed near the emergence hole with their wings not fully unfolded or still shaking, hardening protection is immediately implemented: keep the door closed, do not walk around the net shed or knock on the frame, and do not use direct light sources inside the net shed until the adult's wings are fully unfolded and they are stable in their perch.

[0069] After the hardening window is completed, a short inspection inside the shed is allowed. This involves checking if the wet filter paper strips are still damp, if there is standing water on the ground, and if the bamboo shoot fixing points are loose. The inspection must be completed within 5 minutes, and the door must be closed immediately. Nighttime mating confirmation uses low-light, short-term observation. Operators do not use fixed lighting; they only briefly use a shielded flashlight while recording, avoiding direct light on the adults. Mating begins when the male and female abdomens are connected and remain still; the start and end times are recorded. If mating occurs near the emergence area, the adults are not moved; only the location category is recorded, and the affected side is covered more thoroughly when placing bamboo shoots the following day.

[0070] When in use, it can reduce the risk of mechanical damage caused by the wings being startled and hitting the net during the wing unfolding stage, thereby reducing mating interruptions; the continuous wet filter paper strips around the bottom of the canopy provide a non-drip moist water intake interface, which can form a stable water replenishment path in addition to air humidity control, supporting mating at night.

[0071] Furthermore, the female insects are sensitive to the water content of the carrier surface, volatile odors, and local humidity gradients when laying eggs. If the bamboo shoots provided in the netted greenhouse are insufficient or not replaced in time, the egg masses are easily dispersed and deposited on the insect-proof netting or the outer surface of the seed bamboo segments. Subsequent egg mass collection requires extensive searching and the egg masses are more prone to contamination or dehydration.

[0072] Since the typical application scenarios of this solution are semi-natural courtyards or near-natural forest edges, daytime temperature and humidity fluctuations will accelerate the dehydration or decay of bamboo shoots. Without a fixed replacement time and placement geometry, the position and condition of the egg masses will be unstable.

[0073] Therefore, with the core objective of providing fresh bamboo shoots daily as oviposition carriers, oviposition bamboo shoots are arranged along the perimeter of the netted shed, but a continuous oviposition zone is formed mainly on the side of the directional oviposition area and its adjacent sides; oviposition bamboo shoots are only arranged at both ends on the side of the emergence area, and a forbidden area is reserved directly in front of the emergence hole of each source bamboo segment. The width of the forbidden area is 20cm to 40cm, in order to reduce the female adult insects from accidentally laying eggs near the emergence area. The arrangement rule of avoiding laying eggs directly in front of the emergence hole and covering the perimeter of the source bamboo segment establishes a stable behavioral path, and a closed loop is formed by the correspondence between temperature and humidity records and oviposition records, which facilitates traceable adjustments without changing the breeding model.

[0074] Carrier inspection is based on the bamboo shoots harvested on the same day. Bamboo shoots must show no browning, no sour smell, intact husks, and no oozing mucus. Bamboo shoots that do not meet these conditions must not be placed in the greenhouse. Oriented placement must simultaneously meet three constraints: bamboo shoots must stand upright on the ground and be evenly distributed around the perimeter of the greenhouse to form a continuous oviposition zone; bamboo shoots must avoid being directly in front of the emergence holes in the emergence area to prevent female insects from accidentally laying eggs near the holes; bamboo shoots must cover the surrounding activity area of ​​the seed bamboo segment so that female insects have priority contact with bamboo shoots when entering the directional oviposition zone from the emergence area. The replacement rhythm is set at once daily as the default frequency, preferably completed before 09:00. If hardening protection is not observed to be complete on the same day, the replacement will be postponed to 2 hours after hardening is completed. If bamboo shoots show significant water loss or rot within 24 hours, the replacement frequency will be adjusted to twice daily, with the second replacement scheduled after 16:00 to cover the oviposition period from evening to night. Oviposition records and environmental records are executed simultaneously. Environmental records are still kept at 08:00, 14:00, and 20:00, with temperature and relative humidity read. Oviposition records include at least the number of egg masses, the location and type of egg masses, and the surface condition of the egg masses. The location and type of egg masses are recorded using four fixed categories: bamboo shoot surface, insect-proof netting surface, seed bamboo segment surface, and wet filter paper strip surface. The surface condition of the egg masses is recorded using three fixed categories: firmly attached without cracks, white and cracked edges, and mold spots on the surface. The records are also completed on the same page with the time of bamboo shoot replacement and re-spraying on the same day.

[0075] When changing bamboo shoots daily, the operator first takes the bamboo shoots from the previous day from the directional egg-laying area and checks them for rot, mold, or a sticky surface. If any abnormalities are found, the bamboo shoots are treated outside the netted shed and the placement area is cleaned to avoid the rotten smell interfering with the female insects' selection. Then, the fresh bamboo shoots are brought into the netted shed and placed upright on the ground around the perimeter.

[0076] To ensure the bamboo shoots are placed away from directly in front of the emergence hole, the operator pre-demarcates a no-placement zone on the ground in front of the emergence area. This no-placement zone is 20-40 cm wide, creating a buffer zone in front of the emergence hole to reduce the chance of female insects directly contacting the bamboo shoots and being misled when they stop near the emergence hole. To ensure coverage around the seed bamboo segment, the bamboo shoots are placed extending to both sides of the emergence area, ensuring the horizontal distance from the outer edge of the emergence area to the nearest bamboo shoot does not exceed 30 cm. This ensures that adults first contact the bamboo shoots when spreading outwards from the emergence area. After placement, the operator does not change the arrangement of the wet filter paper strips, ensuring they are spatially adjacent to the bottom of the bamboo shoots. This increases the probability of adults contacting the bamboo shoot surface when they stop to collect water.

[0077] For example, after completing the aforementioned steps in an integrated breeding shed at the edge of the forest, the operator replaces the bamboo shoots around the directional oviposition area before 09:00 for three consecutive days, and records the temperature and relative humidity at 08:00, 14:00, and 20:00. When newly emerged adults are observed near the emergence hole on the morning of the second day, the operator keeps the door closed and replaces the bamboo shoots and sprays the filter paper strips with water two hours after hardening is complete. At night, after observing the male and female adults with their abdomens connected and remaining still in low light, the start and end times of mating are recorded. On the third day, when replacing the bamboo shoots, egg masses are found on the outer surface of the bamboo shoot sheath, and the egg masses are not cracked. Then, step four is followed for cutting and hatching management with substrate. The evaluation indicators of this embodiment include the number of mating pairs, the number of egg masses, the location and type of egg masses, and the surface condition of the egg masses. The evaluation records are made using paper record sheets with accompanying photos. The photo file names are consistent with the record sheet dates for traceability.

[0078] When the egg mass location category indicates an increase in the proportion of insect-proof netting or seed bamboo segments on the surface, the operator does not immediately increase the intensity of intervention. Instead, they review the records sequentially to determine if the bamboo shoots were replaced on time, whether the bamboo shoots showed browning and water loss, whether the wet filter paper strips showed localized dryness, and whether the relative humidity dropped outside the control range. After confirming the cause, during the next round of bamboo shoot replacement, the bamboo shoot coverage density on the corresponding side is increased and the bamboo shoot replacement interval is shortened, while keeping the prohibited placement zone unchanged to avoid pulling adult activity back to the emergence area. Intended purpose: To replace capture-and-transfer-based correction with record-driven fine-tuning, ensuring that the core process of closed-loop breeding within the integrated net greenhouse is not interrupted.

[0079] Before replacing egg-laying bamboo shoots at a frequency of once per day, a thorough inspection and location of all egg masses on the shoots to be replaced should be completed. Any bamboo shoots with egg masses found should not be directly removed from the netted enclosure. Instead, the egg masses should be cut off using the substrate-supported cutting method described in step four, or the entire bamboo shoot should be transferred to the collection point within the netted enclosure for cutting before replacement. Only after collection is complete can old egg-laying bamboo shoots without eggs or with all egg masses collected be removed and replaced with fresh egg-laying bamboo shoots.

[0080] When in use, it can maintain the stability of the bamboo shoot's aroma and surface moisture content, providing a consistent oviposition medium for female insects. Through the combination of continuous oviposition zones, prohibited placement zones, and coverage distance constraints, it can spatially reduce accidental oviposition near the emergence area and guide female insects' activities to the directional oviposition zone, making the egg masses appear more concentrated on the bamboo shoot surface. By archiving environmental records, oviposition records, and treatment actions on the same page according to a fixed standard, it can provide traceable evidence when egg masses are scattered or in abnormal condition, ensuring that adjustment actions are limited to completion within the established process window.

[0081] Step 4: The egg masses formed on the surface of the egg-laying bamboo shoots in Step 3 are transformed into egg source units that can be collected, transported, incubated, stored for a short period of time, and inoculated in batches. This changes the egg source supply from being obtained randomly on-site to being obtained through a process of handover.

[0082] Once the egg masses of the bamboo borer are scraped directly off the surface of the bamboo shoot where the eggs are laid, the adhesive layer of the eggs will be destroyed, and the eggs will be more likely to fall off and lose water under the vibration of transportation and short-term exposure to low humidity. Conversely, if the egg masses are not collected in time and are left on the bamboo shoot where the eggs are laid, the bamboo shoot will lose water or rot in the netted greenhouse as the hatching rhythm changes. Once the surface of the egg masses develops dry cracks or mold spots, it will be difficult to maintain a stable hatching rhythm even if it is transferred to incubation.

[0083] Therefore, by using the egg mass and the bamboo shoot shell cut into egg mass and bamboo shoot shell pieces as the mechanical boundary, the microporous ventilation box + non-drip wet filter paper as the air-water exchange boundary, and the incubation window with 80% to 85% relative humidity and weak light as the physiological boundary, the egg mass is decoupled from the fluctuation of the net greenhouse environment and enters into traceable management.

[0084] Specifically, in the pretreatment stage, the timing of egg mass inspection and collection is fixed to stagger the egg mass collection action with the replacement of egg-laying bamboo shoots in step three. Ideally, the egg mass location and marking should be completed before the replacement of egg-laying bamboo shoots at 09:00 to avoid squeezing the egg mass during the replacement action. In the core treatment stage, the egg mass is cut and packaged first, and then numbered and recorded to prevent the egg mass from being exposed and losing water during the recording period. The cutting size is controlled at 3 cm × 3 cm. This size can cover common egg masses and is easy to place into a standard container, while reducing the source of decay caused by the introduction of invalid bamboo shoot shells. Cutting tools and containers are contamination-sensitive points and must be wiped with 75% ethanol before each cutting and allowed to evaporate naturally until no free droplets remain to avoid ethanol contacting the egg particles or residual liquid forming local high humidity condensation.

[0085] The hatching / preservation container after egg collection is a covered rigid, breathable box. The breathable structure is a composite structure of ventilation holes and an inner anti-escape net: ventilation hole diameter: 1.0mm to 2.0mm; the inner side of the ventilation holes is covered with an anti-escape net: 80-mesh or 100-mesh insect-proof net, and is continuously sealed and fixed on the inner side of the box lid with hot melt glue or silicone to ensure no gaps or curling edges; the number of ventilation holes: 20 to 60 ventilation holes are evenly arranged on the box lid / 100 square centimeters, so that water vapor can be exchanged in the container but the larvae cannot escape, so as to maintain ventilation in the box but reduce the rapid loss of water vapor; the bottom of the box is lined with wet filter paper, which is moistened with clean water and then wrung out until it does not drip water. The stopping state is judged by the fact that no water droplets seep out when pressed, so that the high humidity is based on evaporative humidification rather than immersion in water.

[0086] In the post-processing stage, the microporous venting box is moved into the incubation area and a monitoring boundary is established. The relative humidity in the incubation area is controlled between 80% and 85%, measured using a digital temperature and humidity recorder. Before first use, the digital temperature and humidity recorder is calibrated using a 75% saturated sodium chloride solution and a 97% saturated potassium sulfate solution. After calibration, the allowable error in the relative humidity reading should not exceed 3 percentage points. The temperature in the incubation area is controlled between 21°C and 29°C, measured using the same digital temperature and humidity recorder, with a temperature reading error not exceeding 0.5°C. Temperature is a sensitive variable; when the temperature exceeds 29°C, the microporous venting box is moved to a cool, ventilated area; when the temperature falls below 21°C, it is moved indoors to avoid incubation rhythm mismatch caused by egg stage fluctuations. After harvesting, the boxes must be packaged and moved into the incubation area within 2 hours. If this timeframe is exceeded, the batch should be recorded and individually identified. Intended purpose: To confine the most sensitive moisture content and contamination load within the container boundaries, and then use monitoring to fix the incubation window.

[0087] For example, the operator approaches the egg-laying bamboo shoots under dim lighting in the integrated breeding greenhouse, first confirming the location of the egg mass attachment and noting the source greenhouse number, the egg-laying bamboo shoot number, and the collection time in the record sheet. Then, using sterilized scissors, a 3 cm × 3 cm piece of the egg mass shell is cut along the texture of the bamboo shoot shell, keeping the egg mass in the center of the shell to avoid friction during handling that could cause the eggs to fall off. After the egg mass shell is placed in a microporous breathable box, the box lid is immediately closed, and the egg mass number, collection date, and collection time are marked on the outside of the lid; the same egg mass number remains unchanged throughout the subsequent hatching, preservation, and inoculation process.

[0088] During the incubation period, observe the color of the egg mass and the incubation status once each at 09:00 and 15:00 daily. The time spent opening the box should be controlled within 1 minute and the box should be closed immediately. When the eggs gradually turn from milky white to light black and a black dot appears in the center, extending into streaks, maintain a relative humidity of 80% to 85% until the larvae hatch. Hatching is evaluated using the hatching rate. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0089] Where: Hatching rate : Used to characterize the proportion of egg masses and shell fragments that hatch within a specified incubation window, with values ​​ranging from 0% to 100%; number of hatched eggs. The total number of eggs refers to the number of eggs that hatched within the observation period, counted visually with the aid of a magnifying glass and verified after each observation; : This refers to the total number of eggs on the egg mass shell. Before hatching, photos are taken for archiving and the number is counted based on the photos. If necessary, the count is verified against the actual eggs. When in use, it can reduce the risk of damage to the egg mass attachment structure and egg droplet shedding; by forming a stable air-water exchange boundary through the microporous air-permeable box and the non-drip wet filter paper, it can limit the rapid water loss of the egg mass and reduce the risk of mold caused by free water while maintaining ventilation.

[0090] In production, it is often necessary to concentrate egg masses collected over multiple days into the same inoculation batch before entering the bamboo forest for unified fixation and inspection. Without a short-term preservation process, the egg masses will die during temporary storage due to insufficient ventilation, condensation, or dehydration. At the same time, in the field, the inoculation surface is subject to rain and daytime temperature increases. If the egg masses lack a stable attachment surface and a boundary to protect them from rain and pests, they will fall off or become moldy. After hatching, the larvae will also have difficulty entering the bamboo shoot tissue due to unstable attachment.

[0091] Under the premise that the morphology of the egg mass shell remains unchanged, a continuous chain of preservation medium + temperature and humidity window + inoculation positioning + verification indicators is established to extend the stable operation of the egg mass from the stable state at the hatching end to the stable operation at the inoculation end.

[0092] Specifically, the diversion determination is based on the planned inoculation date: if the egg masses and bamboo shoot shells can enter sub-step 401 within 2 hours of collection and be directly propagated indoors after hatching, then preservation is not performed; if centralized inoculation into bamboo forests is required, short-term preservation is performed, and inoculation or transfer to hatching is completed within 48 hours after preservation to avoid the egg masses entering an uncontrolled stage. The preservation time for short-term preservation is 12 to 72 hours, preferably 24 to 48 hours; when the color of the egg masses changes from milky white to a noticeably darker color and a central black spot appears, it indicates that the embryonic development has entered the later stage, and preservation should be stopped and the eggs transferred to hatching conditions or inoculated in the field should be completed within 6 hours to avoid dehydration or mold growth of the egg masses due to fluctuations in the preservation environment.

[0093] Short-term storage temperature should be controlled between 21℃ and 29℃, and relative humidity between 50% and 80%. Both should be measured using a digital temperature and humidity recorder, and the error in relative humidity readings should be kept within 3 percentage points and the error in temperature readings should be kept within 0.5℃. Temperature is a sensitive variable. When the temperature is higher than 29℃, the storage area should be moved to a cool and ventilated place to allow the temperature to return to the window temperature.

[0094] The preservation medium is limited to one of the following: filter paper, absorbent cotton, or a bamboo powder-agar mixture. The bamboo powder-agar mixture is used to provide buffered humidity and reduce direct contact between the eggs and free water. The bamboo powder-agar mixture is prepared by mass fraction as follows: 60% bamboo powder, 10% agar, 5% sucrose, and 25% water. The bamboo powder particle size is 80 mesh. After mixing, the mixture is heated until the agar is completely dissolved, sterilized at 121°C for 20 minutes, cooled to 25°C, and the pH is measured and controlled at 6.5 ± 0.2.

[0095] Specifically, the solid component mass ratio is: bamboo powder: agar: sucrose = 60:10:5; the bamboo powder particle size is controlled by an 80-mesh sieve residue, meaning all bamboo powder passes through an 80-mesh sieve. Water addition principle: Add deionized water to the above solid components to make the solid content mass fraction of the gel medium 8% to 15%, preferably 10% to 12%. Typical feasible formulation example: Taking the preparation of 100g of gel medium as an example, when the solid content mass fraction is 10%, the total solid content is 10g, including 8.0g bamboo powder, 1.33g agar, 0.67g sucrose, and 90g water. Heating and dissolving: Heat the water to 95℃ to 100℃, then add the solid components and stir continuously for 10min to 20min to completely dissolve the agar and uniformly disperse the bamboo powder. Sterilization conditions: Autoclave at 121℃ for 15 to 20 minutes; after cooling to 45℃ to 55℃, dispense into gel sheets with a thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm. pH control: after cooling to 25℃, measure the pH using a calibrated pH meter; the pH control range is 6.3 to 6.7. If adjustment is required, adjust dropwise with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution or 0.1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then sterilize again at 121℃ for 10 to 15 minutes under aseptic conditions before use.

[0096] The pH value is measured using a glass electrode pH meter. The pH meter is calibrated twice, with a pH 6.86 standard buffer solution and a pH 4.00 standard buffer solution, and the error is less than 0.05.

[0097] For short-term preservation, the operator transfers the egg fragments and shells into a perforated preservation box. The bottom of the box is lined with the preservation medium, 3-8 mm thick. If filter paper or absorbent cotton is used, the medium is moistened with water and squeezed until it no longer drips. The relative humidity inside the box is maintained at 50% to 80%, with humidification achieved by dripping water onto the back of the medium, avoiding dripping onto the surface. If a bamboo powder-agar mixture is used, a 5-10 mm thick gel layer is spread, with the back of the egg fragments and shells lightly touching the gel surface, egg side out, ensuring the eggs do not contact the gel. During the preservation period, temperature and relative humidity are read daily at 08:00 and 20:00, and the duration of opening the box, the number of times humidification is performed, and the surface condition of the egg fragments are recorded. Each opening session should last 1 minute. During transport and handover, the preservation start time and planned inoculation time are marked on the outer surface of the preservation box. Direct sunlight should be avoided during transport, and the box should be secured with shock-absorbing pads to prevent friction.

[0098] Field inoculation is carried out during the peak bamboo shoot growth period from August to September. Operators select target bamboo shoots with intact sheaths and no mechanical damage. First, they wipe away any dirt or sand from the inoculation site with a clean, soft cloth. Then, they attach the egg-bearing sheath pieces 10 cm above the ground at the base of the shoot or 10 cm from the tip, with the egg-bearing side facing outwards and in contact with the sheath surface. Next, they secure the pieces by wrapping them 2 to 3 times with breathable gauze to prevent slippage and cutting into the sheath. After securing, they cover the shoot with a breathable mesh bag and tie the opening tightly. The mesh bag should cover the area 5 cm above and below the egg-bearing sheath pieces to reduce direct rain erosion and predation. The inoculation dosage is based on fixing 1 to 3 egg-bearing sheath pieces per bamboo shoot, and the dosage should be consistent within the same bamboo forest batch for verification. Inoculation verification is based on the inoculation success rate. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0099] Where: vaccination success rate : Used to characterize the proportion of target bamboo shoots showing signs of larval entry after inoculation, with values ​​ranging from 0% to 100%; number of effectively infected strains. This refers to the number of bamboo shoots inoculated that show signs of larvae entering the holes or bamboo cavities during the follow-up inspection period. Visual inspection and photographic documentation are used for this purpose. Total number of inoculated bamboo shoots. : Refers to the actual number of bamboo shoots whose egg masses and bamboo shoot sheaths have been fixed, based on the numbering and tagging count on the day of inoculation; The follow-up examination period is defined as from day 3 to day 14 after inoculation, with one examination every 3 days. During the follow-up examination, first check whether the egg mass shell plates have fallen off and whether mold spots have appeared, and then check whether there are entry holes on the surface of the shell. Intended purpose: To use a verification formula to link the inoculation action with signs of infection, facilitating batch review without relying on subjective judgment.

[0100] For example, before replacing the egg-laying bamboo shoots at 09:00 in an integrated breeding net shed in a near-natural environment at the edge of the forest, the operator found milky white egg masses on the surface of the egg-laying bamboo shoots. Immediately, a 3 cm × 3 cm piece of the egg mass was cut off from the bamboo shoot shell and placed in a microporous ventilation box. The bottom of the box was lined with non-drip wet filter paper and then closed and numbered. Subsequently, the microporous ventilation box was moved into a shaded room and the relative humidity was maintained at 80% to 85% and the temperature at 21°C to 29°C. On the 4th day, the color of the eggs was observed to darken and black spots appeared. From the 9th to the 11th day, the larvae were observed to hatch. Because inoculation needs to be carried out in a concentrated manner on the same day, the operator transferred the egg fragments and bamboo shoot shells into a preservation box containing a mixture of bamboo powder and agar and maintained the relative humidity at 50% to 80%. Within 24 hours after preservation, the egg fragments and bamboo shoot shells were taken to the bamboo forest, attached to the bamboo shoot base at a position 10 cm above the ground, and fixed with a double layer of breathable gauze strips and breathable mesh bags. After inoculation, the fixation status and signs of entry holes were checked according to the 3rd to 14th day follow-up cycle, and the inoculation success rate was recorded.

[0101] When used, it can reduce the risk of egg masses losing water and dying or becoming moldy during the preservation stage. It can form a reproducible medium boundary to buffer humidity and reduce direct contact between eggs and free water. Through inoculation location, double-layer fixation and uniform dosage window, it can reduce the shedding of egg mass shells and maintain the stability of the attachment boundary for larvae to enter.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0105] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0106] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An artificial breeding method for the concentrated emergence and directional oviposition of bamboo segments from which the bamboo borer is derived, characterized by: include, Select bamboo nodes with insect holes in the natural occurrence area, make observation holes on the side wall of the insect-hole bamboo node to confirm that it is a pupa or mature larva, seal the holes and restore the original state, and cut off the seed bamboo segment containing the insect-hole bamboo node and at least one complete bamboo node above and below it, keep it moist and put it in the greenhouse. An integrated breeding shed with a fully enclosed insect-proof net is constructed. Light control, moisture retention and water supply facilities are set up inside the shed. Light control is achieved by using shade nets, moisture retention is achieved by using water basins or humidifiers, and water supply is achieved by using a moist water-absorbing carrier. The seed bamboo segments are fixed upright to form a molting area and an egg-laying area is set up. Adults are allowed to emerge and mate in the integrated breeding net shed. Fresh egg-laying bamboo shoots are placed upright along the inside of the net shed in the egg-laying area, avoiding the area directly in front of the emergence hole. The egg-laying bamboo shoots are replaced daily to attract adults to lay eggs. After cutting off the egg mass along with the bamboo shoot sheath, place it in a microporous, breathable box lined with moist filter paper for short-term preservation. Then attach the sheath to the target bamboo shoot to complete the inoculation.

2. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the natural occurrence area of ​​the bamboo borer, the collection time is in July each year during the pupal period. Large clumps of bamboo with visible insect holes are selected. Observation holes are drilled along the bamboo nodes where the insect holes are located. After confirming that there are pupae in the bamboo section, the observation holes are restored to their original state, and the bamboo section containing the bamboo node where the insect holes are located is cut off and one complete bamboo node is retained above and below.

3. The artificial breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Immediately after cutting the seed bamboo segment, wrap both ends of the seed bamboo segment with a damp towel to keep it moist. Then, put the seed bamboo segment into a breathable cloth bag and transport it back to the breeding point to avoid violent movement during transportation. After returning, fix the seed bamboo segment upright on the edge of the breeding shed and keep the emergence hole facing the center of the breeding shed.

4. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constructed breeding shed has a cubic structure. Its frame is assembled from cedar strips with a cross-sectional size of 3 cm x 5 cm and fixed with anti-corrosion bolts at the joints. The five open sides of the shed are fully covered with 80-mesh insect-proof netting. The joints of the insect-proof netting overlap by 5 cm and are sewn for reinforcement. There is a zipper door on each side of the shed for personnel to enter and exit for operation.

5. The artificial breeding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The roof and sides of the breeding shed are covered with a shade net with a 75% shading rate. An ultrasonic humidifier is evenly placed inside the breeding shed and monitored with a digital thermometer and hygrometer. The ultrasonic humidifier humidifies throughout the day to maintain the relative humidity in the breeding shed at 80% to 85%, while keeping the temperature at a natural temperature.

6. The artificial breeding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Cover the roof and sides of the breeding shed with a shade net with a 70% shading rate and control the maximum temperature inside the shed to no more than 32℃. Bury the bottom of the insect net 10 cm into the ground. Place a water basin with a diameter of 25 cm inside the breeding shed. Hang a row of qualitative filter paper 10 cm wide and 1.5 m long on the inside of the insect net around the roof. Spray the qualitative filter paper with clean water once a day at 9:00 and 16:00 to keep it moist.

7. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Replace the bamboo shoots with fresh ones and clean up any residue before 9:00 a.m. every day in the breeding shed. Place one fresh bamboo shoot in the center of the breeding shed floor, and place the remaining fresh bamboo shoots upright close to the ground around the breeding shed, avoiding the emergence hole, and cover the area around the seed bamboo section as much as possible to serve as a directional egg-laying carrier.

8. The artificial breeding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the bamboo segments from the seed source emerge, moist filter paper is laid around the bottom of the breeding shed as a water-absorbing carrier. The temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity inside the breeding shed are recorded once each at 8:00, 14:00, and 20:00 every day. The number of matings of adult insects and the number of egg masses are counted daily, and the number of eggs and the location of egg laying are recorded.

9. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The egg masses attached to the bamboo shoot shells were cut into 3 cm x 3 cm pieces along with the bamboo shoot shells and placed in a special collection bag. The bag was kept at a humidity of over 80% and the collection location, date and larval stage were marked. The bag was then transported back to the laboratory within 2 hours and placed in a transparent rearing container with a shade net around the container. The humidity inside the container was maintained at 80% to 85%. The changes in the egg masses were observed at 9:00 and 15:00 every day until hatching.

10. The artificial breeding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When preserving the egg masses, the egg masses were placed at a preservation temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 80%, and a mixture of bamboo powder and agar was used as the preservation medium. The bamboo powder had a particle size of 80 mesh, a mass percentage of 60%, a mass percentage of 10%, a mass percentage of sucrose, a mass percentage of 25%, and a mass percentage of 6.3 to 6.7 after sterilization.

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