Calcium supplement composition containing plant extracts and application of calcium supplement composition in bone joint health

Abstract

The invention provides a composition containing a plant extract and calcium and application of the composition to bone joint health. The composition can repair cartilage, promote secretion of bone joint lubricating liquid, remove inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, delay cartilage degeneration, improve bone mineral density and bone strength, maintain bone mineral density, enhance bone firmness, improve osteoporosis and improve arthritis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of health products and relates to a composition comprising plant extracts and calcium and its use in bone and joint health. This composition can repair cartilage, increase the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clear inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, delay cartilage degeneration, increase bone density and strength, maintain bone density, enhance bone robustness, and improve osteoporosis and arthritis. Background Technology

[0002] Bones are vital organs in the human body, consisting of the periosteum, bone tissue, and bone marrow. The periosteum contains abundant nerves and blood vessels, while bone tissue comprises compact bone and spongy bone. Bone mineral density (BMD) is an important indicator of bone strength.

[0003] Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure. Its incidence has risen to the fifth most common disease in my country. Many factors contribute to osteoporosis, with calcium deficiency being a significant one.

[0004] Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage and bone hyperplasia. Clinically, joint swelling and pain, bone hyperplasia, and limited mobility are the most common symptoms. Studies have shown that OA and osteoporosis are both age-related diseases, often coexisting, and some symptoms may be caused by osteoporosis. The main roles of calcium supplements in OA include: 1. Calcium supplementation can promote the synthesis of articular cartilage matrix. When articular cartilage is subjected to external pressure loads, intracellular calcium... 2+ The concentration increased significantly, thereby activating Ca. 2+ - The CaM (calmodulin) pathway induces increased cartilage matrix synthesis. 2. Adequate calcium intake can slow the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and is beneficial for OA prevention. Low calcium intake can alter the relationship between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and bilateral symmetrical arthritis; increased calcium intake may reduce the occurrence of certain vitamin D receptor polymorphism-related OA. 3. Routine calcium supplementation can control risk factors for OA. Insufficient calcium intake promotes fat synthesis and inhibits its breakdown, ultimately leading to increased body fat. Calcium supplementation can regulate this process, reducing the risk of obesity and thus lowering the incidence of OA from a risk factor perspective.

[0005] Articular cartilage is composed of bone matrix (collagen, proteoglycans, and water) and chondrocytes. Progressive degeneration of articular cartilage is a key marker of osteoarthritis (OA). With age, chondrocytes in the body undergo metabolic abnormalities, their numbers gradually decrease, and the elasticity of articular cartilage declines. This leads to continuous degeneration and wear of the articular cartilage, resulting in softening, erosion, detachment, and exposure of subchondral bone. Direct contact between bones causes hard friction, leading to symptoms such as inflammation, pain, swelling, and crepitus. Therefore, osteoarthritis occurs. Thus, preventing and improving OA cannot rely solely on calcium supplementation. Mechanistically, OA damages cartilage; therefore, to improve and alleviate OA, it is necessary not only to supplement calcium but also to further repair cartilage, increase the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clear inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, and slow down cartilage degeneration.

[0006] In modern medical treatment, osteoarthritis is often managed with hormone-containing chemical drugs or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but these methods are often ineffective and unsuitable for long-term use. Therefore, finding a composition that can repair cartilage, increase joint lubrication secretion, clear inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, delay cartilage degeneration, improve and maintain bone density, enhance bone robustness, and improve osteoporosis and arthritis is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composition comprising plant extracts and calcium, and its use in bone and joint health. This composition can repair cartilage, increase the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clear inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, delay cartilage degeneration, increase bone density and strength, maintain bone density, enhance bone robustness, and improve osteoporosis and arthritis.

[0008] This invention combines plant extracts with specific effects with calcium, which not only has good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but also repairs cartilage, promotes the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clears inflammatory cells, inhibits inflammatory factors, and delays cartilage degeneration. Moreover, the combined composition has a synergistic effect, significantly promoting the body's absorption, utilization and conversion of calcium, increasing bone strength, improving osteoporosis and arthritis caused by calcium deficiency, and has a good preventive and ameliorative effect on various bone and joint diseases.

[0009] This invention provides a calcium supplement composition comprising plant extracts, wherein the plant extracts are plant extracts with anti-inflammatory effects; and the calcium content is ≥20 mg / g. The composition provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0010] (1) It has good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects;

[0011] (2) It can repair cartilage, promote the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clear inflammatory cells, and inhibit inflammatory factors;

[0012] (3) The synergistic effect significantly promotes the absorption, utilization and conversion of calcium in the human body, and increases bone density and bone strength;

[0013] (4) It can be taken for a long time and has a long-lasting effect.

[0014] The composition comprising plant extract and calcium according to the present invention, wherein the plant extract is a plant extract with anti-inflammatory effect; and the calcium content is ≥20mg / g.

[0015] In one embodiment, the calcium in the composition of the present invention is one or more of calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate-malate, amino acid chelated calcium, peptide chelated calcium, calcium aspartate, calcium lysine, bovine bone calcium, pork bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, natural calcium lactate, α-ketoglutarate calcium, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and fructose borate calcium.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the calcium in the composition of the present invention is one or more of calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, peptide chelate calcium, bovine bone calcium, porcine bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, natural calcium lactate, α-ketoglutarate calcium, calcium carbonate, and calcium phosphate.

[0017] In a more preferred embodiment, the calcium in the composition of the present invention is one or more of bovine bone calcium, porcine bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, and natural calcium lactate.

[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the calcium in the composition of the present invention is fish bone calcium.

[0019] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains fish bone calcium derived from one or more of freshwater fish bone extracts and marine fish bone extracts. In a preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from marine fish bone extracts. In a more preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from deep-sea fish bone extracts.

[0020] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains fish bone calcium derived from one or more of salmon bone extract, eel bone extract, cod bone extract, shark cartilage extract, sea bream bone extract, and tilapia bone extract. In a preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from one or more of salmon bone extract, eel bone extract, cod bone extract, and shark cartilage extract. In a more preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from one or more of salmon bone extract, eel bone extract, and cod bone extract. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from one or more of salmon bone extract and cod bone extract. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from salmon bone extract. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from cod bone extract. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fish bone calcium is derived from shark cartilage extract.

[0021] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of the following plant extracts: Angelica sinensis extract, turmeric extract, frankincense extract, pepper extract, hops extract, mangosteen extract, mushroom extract, blueberry extract, grape seed extract, olive fruit extract, flaxseed extract, ginkgo extract, yerba mate extract, rosemary extract, cat's claw vine extract, olive leaf extract, pine bark extract, white poplar extract, tamarind and turmeric mixture, Ganoderma lucidum extract, Polygonum cuspidatum extract, dendrobine, Ligusticum chuanxiong extract, myrrh extract, mulberry twig extract, pomegranate extract, green coffee extract, mulberry extract, sour cherry extract, cucumber extract, spearmint extract, fermented black soybean powder extract, myrica rubra extract, aloe vera extract, processed Aconitum carmichaelii extract, fresh bamboo sap extract, sugarcane extract, rosemary extract, and myrica rubra flavonoid extract.

[0022] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of the following plant extracts: Angelica sinensis extract, turmeric extract, frankincense extract, pepper extract, hops extract, mangosteen extract, mushroom extract, blueberry extract, grape seed extract, olive fruit extract, flaxseed extract, ginkgo extract, yerba mate extract, rosemary extract, cat's claw vine extract, olive leaf extract, pine bark extract, white poplar extract, tamarind-turmeric mixture, Ganoderma lucidum extract, Polygonum cuspidatum extract, dendrobine, Ligusticum chuanxiong extract, myrrh extract, mulberry twig extract, pomegranate extract, green coffee extract, and mulberry extract.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises at least one or more of angelica extract, frankincense extract, and pepper extract. Further, the plant extract comprises at least two or three of angelica extract, frankincense extract, and pepper extract.

[0024] In one embodiment, the active ingredients of the plant extract in the composition of the present invention include one or more of phenolic compounds, sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, amino acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and nucleosides.

[0025] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of monoterpenes, terpenes, pinenes, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of the following terpenoid compounds: ginkgolide, ginsenosides, linalool, citronellol, geraniol, eugenol, terpinene, ylang-ylangne, ylang-ylangne, perillene, carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, betulin, tea saponins, fucoxanthin, styraxol, sapindus muscaria, limonene, pinene, caryophyllene, humulene, and boswellic acid.

[0027] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of arbutin and oleanolic acid types; further, the arbutin type comprises one or more of β-boswellic acid, acetyl-β-boswellic acid, 3-acetyl-11-carbonyl-β-boswellic acid, 11-carbonyl-β-boswellic acid, acetyl-11-hydroxy-β-boswellic acid, acetyl-11α-methoxy-β-boswellic acid, 9,11-dehydro-β-boswellic acid, 3α-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-β-boswellic acid, and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid, and the oleanolic type comprises α-boswellic acid, acetyl-α-boswellic acid, 9,11-dehydro-α-boswellic acid, and 3-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-α-boswellic acid.

[0028] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises phenolic compounds including curcumin, imperatorin, imperatorin alcohol, mangosteen polyphenols, phytocannabinoids, tea polyphenols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, catechins, epicatechin, epicatechin-3-gallate, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, eugenol, vanillin, coumarin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin, luteolin, hesperidin, naringenin, sennaol, delphinidin, and larkspur. One or more of the following: cyanidin, malvatin, silymarin, puerarin, lignans, schisandrin, apple polyphenols, crocin, saffron aldehyde, ellagic acid, mulberry leaf polyphenols, paclitaxel, hydroxytyrosol, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid, lithospermic acid, capsanthin, sugarcane polyphenols, fulvic acid, dihydromyricetin, sarsaparilla acid, chestnut peel polyphenols, water chestnut peel polyphenols, tannins, baicalin, fenugreek gum, pterostilbene, phloem A, emodin, anthocyanins, total flavonoids from sea buckthorn, aloe vera, aloe bitter substances, and litchi polyphenols.

[0029] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention includes one or more of the following sterol compounds: cholesterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, cholesterol, lanosterol, β-amyrinol, β-amyrin acid, lanolin alcohol, lanolin acid, phytosterols, and rice bran fatty alkyl alcohols.

[0030] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of matrine, sophoridine, dendrobine, andrographolide, piperine, ephedrine, betaine, ligusticine, capsaicin, nuciferine, sinomenine, and aconitine.

[0031] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention includes one or more of lysine, arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, and GABA.

[0032] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of flavonoids, flavonols, dihydroflavones, dihydroflavonols, isoflavones, dihydroisoflavones, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, anthocyanins, rutin, daidzein, anthocyanins, flavanols, and proanthocyanidins.

[0033] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more of L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-galactose, astragalus polysaccharide, wolfberry polysaccharide, shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide, licorice polysaccharide, tremella polysaccharide, kudzu root polysaccharide, mulberry polysaccharide, oat polysaccharide, ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharide, aloe polysaccharide, sophora japonica polysaccharide, and β-glucan.

[0034] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention includes one or more of guanosine, adenosine, and cytidine.

[0035] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises at least one or more of the following plant extracts: cannabinoids, imperatorin, imperatorin alcohol, boswellic acid, juniperene, limonene, pinene, caryophyllene, and humulene.

[0036] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 15:1 to 1:10. For example, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10.

[0037] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 10:1 to 1:5.

[0038] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 8:1 to 1:5.

[0039] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 5:1 to 1:5.

[0040] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 5:1 to 1:3.

[0041] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 3:1 to 1:3.

[0042] The composition of the present invention has a mass ratio of calcium to plant extract of 2:1 to 1:3.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains calcium and plant extract in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 1:8.

[0044] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises a calcium-to-plant extract mass ratio of 1:1 to 1:5.

[0045] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises calcium and plant extract in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 1:3.

[0046] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the plant extract is selected from enzymatic hydrolysis, water extraction, alcohol extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction.

[0047] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the plant extract specifically includes: (1) selecting and processing plant raw materials, such as washing, cutting or crushing;

[0048] (2) Active ingredients are extracted using enzymatic hydrolysis, water extraction, alcohol extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction.

[0049] (3) The extract was separated and purified by methods such as filtration, centrifugation, chromatography, membrane separation and crystallization;

[0050] (4) Concentrate and dry the extract using techniques such as evaporation, freeze drying or spray drying.

[0051] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 10-50% by weight of 3-O-acetyl-11-one-β-boswellic acid in the frankincense extract. For example, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50%.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 10-40% by mass of 3-O-acetyl-11-one-β-boswellic acid in the frankincense extract.

[0053] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 20-40% by mass of 3-O-acetyl-11-one-β-boswellic acid in the frankincense extract.

[0054] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 20-30% by mass of 3-O-acetyl-11-one-β-boswellic acid in the frankincense extract.

[0055] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention includes a black pepper extract.

[0056] In one embodiment, the black pepper extract contains ≥20% β-caryophyllene.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the black pepper extract contains ≥25% β-caryophyllene.

[0058] In a more preferred embodiment, the black pepper extract contains ≥30% β-caryophyllene.

[0059] In one embodiment, the active ingredients in the black pepper extract also include α-pinene, β-pinene, humulene, limonene, and pinene.

[0060] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains ≥5% imperatorin in the Angelica sinensis extract.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the content of imperatorin in the above-mentioned Angelica extract is ≥10%.

[0062] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes collagen. Further, the collagen is one or more of type I, type II, type III, type IV, and type V collagen.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the collagen in the composition of the present invention is type II collagen.

[0064] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises one or more types of non-denatured type II collagen and hydrolyzed collagen.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains non-denatured type II collagen.

[0066] In one embodiment, the collagen is derived from extracts of livestock and poultry tissues or aquatic animal tissues. In a preferred embodiment, the collagen is derived from animal bone extracts, animal skin extracts, or animal meat extracts. In another preferred embodiment, the collagen is derived from bovine bone extracts, pork bone extracts, fish bone extracts, fish skin extracts, pork skin extracts, bovine skin extracts, chicken cartilage extracts, duck skin extracts, etc. In a more preferred embodiment, the collagen is derived from bovine bone extracts, pork bone extracts, fish bone extracts, fish skin extracts, or pork skin extracts. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the collagen is derived from fish bone extracts.

[0067] In one embodiment, the collagen in the composition of the present invention is prepared using a process selected from: enzymatic hydrolysis, neutral salt method, ultrasound-assisted method, acid method, or alkaline method. In a preferred embodiment, the collagen is prepared using an enzymatic hydrolysis method.

[0068] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains collagen with a molecular weight of 50-1000 kDa. For example, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, 280, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 kDa. In a preferred embodiment, the collagen has a molecular weight of 200-800 kDa. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the collagen has a molecular weight of 250-400 kDa.

[0069] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention is prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of the fish bone extract.

[0070] In one embodiment, the preparation steps of the fish bone extract by enzymatic hydrolysis of the composition of the present invention are as follows: (1) fish meat and fat are removed from the fish to obtain fish bones; (2) the fish bones are dried and then crushed to obtain fish bone powder; (3) the obtained fish bone powder is placed in an aqueous solution containing a complex protease for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain fish bone material; (4) the enzymatically hydrolyzed fish bone material is taken out, washed and dried again, and then ultra-finely pulverized.

[0071] In one embodiment, in the preparation steps of the above-mentioned fish bone extract, the drying temperature in step (2) is 50-90℃.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation steps of the above-mentioned fish bone extract, the drying temperature in step (2) is 75°C.

[0073] In one embodiment, in the preparation steps of the above-mentioned fish bone extract, the complex protease in step (3) is a combination of two or more selected from papain, trypsin, pepsin, neutral protease, alkaline protease and flavor protease, preferably a combination of alkaline protease and flavor protease.

[0074] In one embodiment, in the preparation steps of the above-mentioned fish bone extract, in step (3), the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 32-48℃ and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 0.5-5h.

[0075] In one embodiment, in the preparation steps of the above-mentioned fish bone extract, the temperature for re-drying in step (4) is 50-90°C.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation steps of the fish bone extract described above, the drying temperature in step (4) is 65°C.

[0077] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a calcium content of 10-30% by weight of the fish bone extract, for example, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30%. The collagen content is 1-40% by weight of the fish bone extract, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40%.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a calcium content of 15-30% of the total mass of the fish bone extract and a collagen content of 5-40% of the total mass of the fish bone extract.

[0079] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a calcium content of 15-30% of the total mass of the fish bone extract and a collagen content of 10-40% of the total mass of the fish bone extract.

[0080] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains a calcium content of 10-25% of the total mass of the fish bone extract and a collagen content of 10-35% of the total mass of the fish bone extract.

[0081] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 15-25% calcium and 15-35% collagen in the fish bone extract by mass.

[0082] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes vitamins.

[0083] In one embodiment, the vitamins mentioned above include one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K.

[0084] In one embodiment, the vitamin D of the present invention is one or more of vitamins D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, and D7.

[0085] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 200-2000 IU of vitamin D. For example, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, or 2000 IU.

[0086] In one embodiment, the vitamin K mentioned above is one or more of vitamins K1, K2, K3, and K4.

[0087] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains 10-200 μg of vitamin K. For example, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, or 200 μg. In a preferred embodiment, the vitamin K content is 10-50 μg.

[0088] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes phosphorus.

[0089] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention has a phosphorus content ≥90 mg / g.

[0090] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes chondroitin sulfate.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the chondroitin sulfate content is 10-150 mg / g. For example, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 mg / g. Further, the chondroitin sulfate content is 10-100 mg / g. Even further, the chondroitin sulfate content is 20-100 mg / g. Still further, the chondroitin sulfate content is 30-80 mg / g.

[0092] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes glucosamine.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the glucosamine content is 50-300 mg / g. For example, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, or 300 mg / g. Further, the glucosamine content is 50-200 mg / g. Even further, the glucosamine content is 100-200 mg / g.

[0094] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention further includes hyaluronic acid.

[0095] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains hyaluronic acid at a content of ≥1 mg / g. In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention contains hyaluronic acid at a content of ≥5 mg / g.

[0096] This invention provides a composition comprising plant extracts and calcium, wherein the composition is prepared into a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation, including but not limited to tablets, capsules, powders, oral liquids, and sprays, with the addition of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Further, the composition is prepared as an oral liquid.

[0097] The present invention also provides the use of any of the compositions comprising plant extracts and calcium in skeletal and joint health.

[0098] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the use of any of the compositions comprising plant extracts and calcium in improving osteoporosis, improving arthritis, increasing bone density, increasing bone strength, maintaining bone density, and enhancing bone robustness.

[0099] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the use of any of the compositions comprising plant extracts and calcium in relation to arthritis.

[0100] This invention provides a composition of plant extracts and calcium, which can repair cartilage, increase the secretion of joint lubricating fluid, clear inflammatory cells, inhibit inflammatory factors, delay cartilage degeneration, increase bone density and bone strength, maintain bone density, enhance bone solidity, improve osteoporosis, and improve arthritis.

[0101] Terminology Explanation

[0102] The "calcium" mentioned refers to the element calcium (Ca). 2+ The measurements were performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), methods that are understandable to those skilled in the art.

[0103] The term "fish bone calcium" refers to calcium-containing carriers extracted from fish bones. This includes, but is not limited to, salmon bone extract, eel bone extract, cod bone extract, shark cartilage extract, sea bream bone extract, and tilapia bone extract.

[0104] The "collagen" referred to is a fibrous protein composed of a tripeptide helix structure and containing abundant methionine, proline, and hydroxyproline. It promotes the synthesis of lubricating fluid between bones and joints and protects newly formed cartilage from wear. The content was determined using spectrophotometry. Specifically, since hydroxyproline is a characteristic amino acid of collagen, those skilled in the art will understand that the content of hydroxyproline in salmon bone collagen can be determined spectrophotometrically and multiplied by the corresponding conversion factor to obtain the collagen content.

[0105] The "plant extract" mentioned refers to plant extracts with anti-inflammatory effects. Angelica sinensis extract contains many types of compounds, with its main chemical components being volatile oils, sugars, trace elements, and various organic acids and amino acids. It can alleviate inflammatory responses, provide antioxidant effects, inhibit extracellular matrix degradation, regulate chondrocyte metabolism, and reduce cellular metabolic degeneration, thereby effectively protecting cartilage. In this invention, Angelica sinensis extract also contains decursinol as the main active ingredient, a phenolic compound, and also includes decursinol, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial effects. The main components of frankincense extract are boswellic acid and terpenoid antioxidants. Boswellic acid inhibits the activity of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), suppresses the production of inflammatory substances and cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and promotes the production of proteins that constitute proteins. Frankincense extract is an effective anti-arthritis drug and immunomodulator (Kimmatkar et al.; Phytomedicine. 2003 Jan; 10(1):3-7; Pungle et al.; Indian J Exp Biol. 2003 Dec; 41(12):1460-1462). It has been continuously used for the treatment of pain and inflammation. Black pepper extract contains piperine, phytocannabinoids, β-caryophyllene, etc., which can improve the bioavailability of nutrients and have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Turmeric extract is from the ginger family plant turmeric. The main bioactive substances are curcumin and curcuminone, which have the effects of lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, choleretic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Hops extract is prepared from the female inflorescence of the mulberry family plant hops. It has the functions of anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial and eliminating free radicals in the body. Mangosteen extract can inhibit cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1), thereby reducing the activity of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), decreasing the production of prostaglandin PGE2, and lowering the inflammatory marker TNF-α, thus significantly improving antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Mushroom extract, mainly composed of saponins and polysaccharides, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, endocrine-regulating, and immunomodulatory effects. Blueberry extract is rich in various antioxidants, offering health benefits such as antioxidant activity, cancer prevention, relief of eye fatigue, and improved immunity. It also helps prevent cardiovascular diseases, inhibit obesity, improve diabetes, and prevent osteoporosis. Grape seed extract, mainly composed of proanthocyanidins, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, anti-allergic, anti-allergen, and anti-fatigue effects. Olive fruit extract is rich in polyphenols, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. South African flaxseed extract contains iridoids, which have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, and are mainly used for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and joint health promotion purposes. Flaxseed extract is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, flaxseed gum, lignans, and cyclic peptides, and has various functional active ingredients such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antihypertensive, and cardiovascular disease prevention effects.Ginkgo extract is an effective substance extracted from ginkgo, containing total ginkgo flavonoids, ginkgolides, and other substances. It has effects such as dilating blood vessels, protecting vascular endothelial tissue, regulating blood lipids, protecting low-density lipoprotein, inhibiting PAF (platelet-activating factor), inhibiting thrombus formation, and scavenging free radicals. Yerba mate extract is rich in polyphenols, saponins, matene, vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive components. It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects, and has certain therapeutic effects on diseases of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Rosemary extract's main components are rosmarinicol, caryophyllool, and caryophyllic acid. It is related to the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in arachidonic acid metabolism, inhibiting complement-dependent PGI2 synthesis, interfering with the activity of C3 converting enzymes in different pathways, and has antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects, exhibiting good anti-inflammatory effects. Cat's Claw vine extract can help cells protect themselves from free radical damage and has good anti-inflammatory effects. It can be used to treat arthritis, rheumatism, bursitis, and gout. Olive leaf extract contains active ingredients such as hydroxytyrosol, polyphenols, sugars, and lipids, which can reduce joint inflammation and relieve pain. Pine bark extract contains a large amount of proanthocyanidins, which can effectively inhibit inflammatory factors such as PG, 5-HT, and leukotrienes, and selectively bind to connective tissue in the joints to relieve pain and edema, showing certain effects on various types of arthritis. Willow bark extract contains salicin, which can effectively reduce joint inflammation and pain. A mixture of tamarind and turmeric mainly consists of proanthocyanidins and curcumin compounds, which can reduce joint pain and improve joint function. Ganoderma lucidum extract mainly consists of triterpenoid compounds, which have significant hepatoprotective activity and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Polygonum cuspidatum extract, the rhizome of Polygonum, is mainly composed of resveratrol and emodin, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and liver peroxidation-inhibiting effects. Dendrobine is a pyrrolizidine derivative alkaloid with effects such as regulating blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, anti-influenza, and anti-inflammatory properties. Ligusticum chuanxiong extract, the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Apiaceae family), has analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, and immune-boosting effects. Mulberry twig extract, the extract from the tender branches of Morus alba L. (Morus alba L., Moraceae family), contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic substances, pectin, and other pharmacologically active ingredients, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, immune-boosting, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, free radical scavenging, and digestive system-improving effects. Pomegranate extract mainly contains pungentinin, ellagic acid, and anthocyanins, possessing antioxidant properties, maintaining healthy skin and hair, improving mood, and anti-inflammatory effects. Green coffee extract, primarily composed of chlorogenic acid, can reduce sugar absorption and has hypoglycemic, blood pressure, and lipid-lowering effects, improves insulin resistance, improves cognition and vision, promotes skin microcirculation, and has anti-inflammatory effects. Mulberry extract, primarily composed of polyphenols, has effects such as improving blood sugar and cardiovascular health, antioxidant properties, and anti-inflammatory effects.

[0106] The term "alkaloids" refers to a class of naturally occurring compounds widely found in plants, playing important physiological and pharmacological roles in many plants. For example, matrine is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat skin diseases and inflammation. Andrographolide has various therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-hyperglycemic properties. Aloe vera contains various biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. Trigonelline has various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic properties. These alkaloids may exist in plants in free form or combined with sugars, organic acids, etc., to form glycosides or esters.

[0107] The "sterol compounds" mentioned above are a class of fat-soluble organic compounds with specific structures that have various effects such as regulating cholesterol levels, anti-inflammation, immune regulation, skin health, and reproductive health.

[0108] The "phenolic compounds" mentioned above are a class of bioactive substances with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, which help protect the body from free radical damage, reduce oxidative stress and have a positive impact on cardiovascular health.

[0109] The "terpenoids" mentioned above are a class of natural compounds with broad biological activities, playing various physiological roles in plants. The terpenoids in this invention possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects, helping to protect the body from free radical damage and reduce inflammatory responses.

[0110] The "amino acids" mentioned are the basic building blocks of proteins. They not only provide essential nutrients to support body growth and tissue repair, but also enhance the immune system, regulate physiological functions, promote metabolic balance, improve mental state, and play a role in anti-oxidation and anti-fatigue.

[0111] The term "flavonoids" refers to a class of yellow pigments derived from flavonoids (2-phenylchromones) as the parent nucleus. This includes flavonoid isomers and their hydrogenation and reduction products, i.e., a series of compounds with a C6-C3-C6 carbon skeleton. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and most exist in plants in the form of glycosides or glycosyl groups bound to sugars, while some exist in free form. Flavonoids possess the ability to enhance the body's antioxidant capacity, i.e., to scavenge free radicals.

[0112] The aforementioned "polysaccharides" possess various bioactive effects, including enhancing immunity, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. Specifically, polysaccharides can enhance the function of the immune system, improve the body's defense against pathogenic microorganisms, and combat viral and bacterial infections. Polysaccharides have antioxidant properties, which can scavenge free radicals in the body, reduce oxidative stress, protect cells from damage, and delay the aging process. Polysaccharides have anti-inflammatory effects, which can alleviate inflammatory responses and are used to treat various inflammatory diseases.

[0113] The "glucosamine" is a compound composed of glucose and amino groups. It is a derivative of glucose and has the functions of maintaining the health and elasticity of articular cartilage, promoting the growth and repair of chondrocytes, slowing down the degeneration and damage of articular cartilage, and also has a certain anti-inflammatory effect, which helps to reduce the inflammatory response caused by arthritis.

[0114] The "chondroitin sulfate" is a polysaccharide compound mainly found in cartilage tissue. It helps maintain the structure and elasticity of cartilage, helps maintain the health of articular cartilage and slow down cartilage degeneration, promotes chondrocyte growth and repair, and also has a certain anti-inflammatory effect. It can increase the water content in articular cartilage and improve its elasticity. Note: The above explanation is for further illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0115] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the gait score observation results of each group of rats.

[0116] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the joint pain score observation results of each group of rats.

[0117] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the results of autonomous pain score observations in each group of rats.

[0118] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the macroscopic knee joint scoring results of each group of rats.

[0119] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the results of IL1β detection in the serum of rats in each group.

[0120] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the results of IL6 detection in the serum of rats in each group.

[0121] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the results of IL1β gene detection in the knee joints of rats in each group.

[0122] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the results of IL-6 gene detection in the knee joints of rats in each group.

[0123] Figure 9 These are X-ray images of the knee joints of rats in each group. Detailed Implementation

[0124] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0125] Example

[0126] Example 1

[0127] Fish meat and fat are removed from the fish to obtain the skull and spine. The fish bones are dried and then pulverized to obtain preliminary fish bone powder. The obtained preliminary fish bone powder is placed in a complex protease aqueous solution containing alkaline protease and flavor protease, and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 35°C for 30 minutes to obtain fish bone material. The material is filtered, the enzymatically hydrolyzed fish bone material is removed, washed, dried again, and ultra-finely pulverized to obtain fish bone extract.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] Plant materials are selected and processed, such as by washing, cutting, or crushing. Active ingredients are then extracted using methods such as enzymatic hydrolysis, water extraction, alcohol extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction. The extracts are then purified by methods such as filtration, centrifugation, chromatography, membrane separation, and crystallization. Finally, the extracts are concentrated and dried using techniques such as evaporation, freeze-drying, or spray drying to obtain the corresponding plant extracts.

[0130] Example 3

[0131] Add 10 parts of fish bone extract, 2 parts of frankincense extract, and 1 part of black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0132] Example 4

[0133] Add 7 parts fish bone extract, 2 parts frankincense extract, and 1 part black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0134] Example 5

[0135] Add 3 parts fish bone extract, 2 parts frankincense extract, and 1 part black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0136] Example 6

[0137] Add 1 part fish bone extract, 2 parts frankincense extract, and 1 part black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0138] Example 7

[0139] Add 2 parts fish bone extract, 2 parts frankincense extract, 2 parts angelica extract, and 1 part black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0140] Example 8

[0141] Add 2 parts fish bone extract, 2 parts frankincense extract, 1 part angelica extract, and 1 part black pepper extract to obtain a solid composition.

[0142] Example 9

[0143] Add 2 parts of fish bone extract, 2 parts of frankincense extract, 1 part of angelica extract, 1 part of black pepper extract, 6 parts of glucosamine, and 2 parts of chondroitin sulfate to obtain a solid composition.

[0144] Example 10

[0145] Add 2 parts of fish bone extract, 2 parts of frankincense extract, 2 parts of angelica extract, 1 part of black pepper extract, 6 parts of glucosamine, and 2 parts of chondroitin sulfate to obtain a solid composition.

[0146] Biological test example

[0147] Experimental animals: SPF grade, 6-week-old, male, 130 SD rats. Purchased from Shanghai Slack Experimental Animal Co., Ltd., experimental animal license number: SCXK(Shanghai)2022-0004. All experimental animals were adaptively fed for one week before the formal experiment. All rats were housed in a clean-grade animal experiment room, and the environmental conditions were maintained at a 12-hour day-night cycle, constant temperature (21°C - 23°C), and humidity of 55% - 58%. The formal experiment began after one week of adaptive feeding.

[0148] Instruments, consumables, and reagents: Electronic balance (Mettler Toledo, ME204TE); multi-functional vortex mixer (JOANLAB, VM-500pro); bench-top high-speed refrigerated centrifuge (Eppendorf, 5425R).

[0149] Sodium iodoacetate (MIA) (S104897, Aladdin), rat interleukin 1β (IL-1β) ELISA kit (ml037361, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology), rat interleukin 6 (IL6) ELISA kit (ml002859, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology), rat type II collagen (Col II) ELISA kit, rat bone collagen cross-linking ELISA kit (ml028473, Enzyme-linked Biotechnology), bone tissue protein extraction kit (100T) (EX1270, Solarbio).

[0150] 1. Test method

[0151] (1) Normal group G1 (n = 10): After the adaptive feeding period ended, start gavage with the same volume of 0.5% CMC-Na once a day for 2 consecutive weeks, then inject 50 μL of sterile saline into the left knee joint, and continue gavage for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals were allowed free access to food and water.

[0152] (2) Model group G2 (n = 10): After the adaptive feeding period ended, start gavage with the same volume of 0.5% CMC-Na once a day for 2 consecutive weeks, then inject 50 μL of MIA into the left knee joint, and continue gavage for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals were allowed free access to food and water.

[0153] (3) Positive drug group G3 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, a mixture of glucosamine (156.3 mg / kg) and chondroitin sulfate (20.8 mg / kg) was administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50 μL of MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the patient had free access to food and water.

[0154] (4) Calcium carbonate group G4 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, calcium carbonate (153.6 mg / kg) was administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50 μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals had free access to food and water.

[0155] (5) Group G5 (n=10) after the acclimatization period, calcium citrate (292.7 mg / kg) was administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50 μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the child had free access to food and water.

[0156] (6) Sample Group G6 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, calcium citrate (232.5mg / kg) and salmon bone calcium (66.7mg / kg) were administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals were allowed free access to food and water.

[0157] (7) Sample Group 2 G7 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, calcium citrate (465.0 mg / kg) and salmon bone calcium (133.3 mg / kg) were administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50 μL of MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals had free access to food and water.

[0158] (8) Sample 3 groups (n=10) G8: After the acclimatization period, calcium citrate (465.0mg / kg) and salmon bone calcium (266.7mg / kg) were administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the animals were allowed free access to food and water.

[0159] (9) Sample group G9 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, salmon bone calcium (156.3mg / kg), frankincense extract (10.4mg / kg) and black pepper extract (5.2mg / kg) were administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the fish had free access to food and water.

[0160] (10) Sample group G10 (n=10): After the acclimatization period, salmon bone calcium (546.7mg / kg), frankincense extract (156.3mg / kg) and black pepper extract (78.1mg / kg) were administered by gavage once a day for 2 weeks. Then, 50μL MIA was injected into the left knee joint and gavage was continued for 4 weeks. During this period, the fish had free access to food and water.

[0161] 2. Model Construction and Scoring Criteria

[0162] 2.1 Establishing a rat model of osteoarthritis

[0163] After the acclimatization period, 130 rats were randomly divided into 13 groups. Except for the normal control group, which received an equal volume of 0.5% CMC-Na via gavage, the other groups received the corresponding concentration of the sample via gavage once daily for two weeks. Two weeks after prophylactic administration, except for the normal control group, the remaining rats developed a knee osteoarthritis model by intra-articular injection of sodium iodoacetate (MIA) to induce osteoarthritis. The specific procedure was as follows: SD rats were deeply anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate. Hair around the knee was removed, and routine disinfection was performed. 50 μL of sodium iodoacetate was injected into the left knee using a needle to induce the osteoarthritis model.

[0164] 2.2 Biological Sample Collection

[0165] Blood was collected from the femoral artery of rats without anticoagulation. After the whole blood was allowed to stand for 30 minutes, it was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was collected, labeled, and stored at -80℃ for analysis.

[0166] 2.3 Behavioral indicators of rats

[0167] ① Gait score

[0168] The test environment was a 3m×3m open space. The rats were guided to move freely for 5 minutes, and their walking gait was observed.

[0169] ② Joint pain score

[0170] The rat's head was fixed in place, with its hind legs and tail extending outside the fixation tube. After stabilizing for 5 minutes, the rat was measured. The rat's joints were slowly and gently flexed, once every 5 seconds, for a total of 5 times. The scores of the 5 times were added together to obtain the final score.

[0171] ③Autonomous pain score

[0172] Routinely observe the behavior of rats, with each observation lasting 5 minutes.

[0173] The scoring criteria are as follows: Normal behavior 0 points; Toe flexion 1 point; Foot eversion 2 points; Partial weight-bearing: The limb on the modeling side cannot fully contact the ground, 3 points; No weight-bearing and protection: The limb on the modeling side cannot contact the ground at all, 4 points; Avoid contact with the modeling joint: When the limb on the modeling side is lightly touched by a person, obvious avoidance behavior occurs, 5 points.

[0174] 3. Analysis of Experimental Results

[0175] 3.1 Rat Behavioral Gait Scoring

[0176] The results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, compared with the normal control group, the gait score of the model group rats was significantly increased, which was statistically significant, indicating that the osteoarthritis model was successfully established. Both sample groups 4 and 5 were able to reduce the gait score of the osteoarthritis rats, meaning that sample group 5 could effectively control and improve the osteoarthritis condition in rats.

[0177] 3.2 Joint pain score in rats

[0178] The results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, both sample groups 4 and 5 significantly reduced joint pain scores in rats with osteoarthritis, indicating that sample groups 4 and 5 could effectively control and improve osteoarthritis in rats.

[0179] 3.3 Autonomous pain score in rats

[0180] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, both sample groups 4 and 5 significantly reduced the autonomous pain scores of rats with osteoarthritis, indicating that sample groups 4 and 5 could effectively control and improve the osteoarthritis condition in rats.

[0181] 3.4 Macroscopic scoring results of rat knee joint

[0182] At the endpoint, the knee joints of rats in each group were dissected, and muscle and ligament tissues were removed. Macroscopic scoring was performed, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, compared with the normal control group, the macroscopic knee joint score of the model group rats was significantly increased, which was statistically significant, indicating that the osteoarthritis model was successfully established. Both sample groups 4 and 5 significantly reduced the macroscopic knee joint score of the osteoarthritis rats, meaning that sample groups 4 and 5 could effectively control and improve the osteoarthritis condition in rats.

[0183] 3.5 Results of Detection of IL-1β and IL-6 Levels in Rat Serum

[0184] In osteoarthritis, inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) play important roles. Elevated IL-6 levels can stimulate synovial cells, chondrocytes, and other immune cells to produce more inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, thereby exacerbating joint inflammation. Simultaneously, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines can directly act on chondrocytes, inducing apoptosis, which leads to a decrease in chondrocyte numbers, reduced repair capacity, and accelerated cartilage degeneration. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines may also participate in pain generation in osteoarthritis patients by stimulating nerve endings or influencing the release of pain-related mediators.

[0185] The results of detecting IL-1β and IL-6 in rat serum are as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, compared with the normal control group, the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the model group rats were significantly increased, and this increase was statistically significant, indicating that the osteoarthritis model was successfully established. Both sample groups 4 and 5 were able to reduce the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the knee joints of osteoarthritis rats, indicating that sample groups 4 and 5 have good anti-inflammatory effects, can improve repair capacity, reduce cartilage degeneration, and alleviate pain in osteoarthritis patients.

[0186] 3.6 Results of IL-1β and IL-6 gene expression detection in rat knee joint

[0187] The gene expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the knee joint were detected, and the results are as follows: Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, compared with the normal control group, the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 genes in the knee joint of rats in the model group was significantly increased, and the increase was statistically significant, indicating that the osteoarthritis model was successfully established. Samples 4 and 5 significantly reduced the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 genes in the knee joint of rats with osteoarthritis, indicating that samples 4 and 5 have good anti-inflammatory effects, can improve repair capacity, reduce cartilage degeneration, and alleviate pain in patients with osteoarthritis.

[0188] 3.7 Results of X-ray examination of rat knee joint

[0189] X-ray observation results are as follows Figure 9As shown, in the normal group, the knee joint space of rats was uniform, the skeletal outline was clear, the bone density was moderate, and the interarticular cartilage surface was smooth. After the model was established, the interarticular space of the model group rats was significantly narrowed, osteophyte formation was visible at the joint junction, the cartilage surface was uneven, and local bone erosion was severe. Compared with the model group, the positive control group showed a reduction in osteophytes on the knee joint cartilage surface and an improvement in the degree of erosion, while the calcium carbonate group and the calcium citrate group showed no significant improvement. Samples 1, 2, and 3 showed some improvement. Samples 4 and 5 significantly improved the symptoms of osteoarthritis, meaning that compared with calcium supplementation alone, the combination of plant extracts and calcium could further significantly improve osteoarthritis.

[0190] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0191] It should be understood that the above detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to preferred embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features based on reading this specification; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition comprising a plant extract and calcium, wherein the plant extract is a plant extract having anti-inflammatory effect; the calcium content is ≥20mg / g.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein The calcium is one or more of calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate malate, calcium amino acid chelate, calcium peptide chelate, calcium aspartate, calcium lysine, bovine bone calcium, pig bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, natural calcium lactate, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium fructose borate.

3. The composition of claim 2, wherein The calcium is one or more of calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, calcium peptide chelate, bovine bone calcium, pig bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, natural calcium lactate, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate.

4. The composition of claim 3, wherein The calcium is one or more of bovine bone calcium, pig bone calcium, fish bone calcium, seaweed calcium, New Zealand green lip calcium, natural calcium lactate.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein The plant extract comprises one or more of angelica extract, turmeric extract, frankincense extract, pepper extract, hops extract, mangosteen extract, mushroom extract, blueberry extract, grape seed extract, olive fruit extract, South African rooibos extract, flaxseed extract, ginkgo extract, yerba mate extract, rosemary extract, cat's claw extract, olive leaf extract, pine bark extract, willow bark extract, turmeric and tamarind mixture, reishi extract, giant knotweed extract, dendrobium alkaloid, ginseng extract, myrrh extract, mulberry extract, pomegranate extract, green coffee extract, mulberry extract.

6. The composition of claim 5, wherein The plant extract comprises one or more of angelica extract, frankincense extract, pepper extract; further, the plant extract comprises two or three of angelica extract, frankincense extract, pepper extract.

7. The composition of claim 5, wherein The functional components of the plant extract comprise one or more of phenolic compounds, sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, amino acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein The terpenoids are one or more of monoterpenes, terpenes, pinenes, diterpene ketones, triterpenoids.

9. The composition of claim 7, wherein The terpenoids are one or more of ginkolides, ginsenosides, linalool, citronellol, geraniol, eugenol, pinene, eugenol, eucalyptol, perillyl alcohol, carotenes, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, betulin, camosic acid, fucaxanthin, cembranoids, sabinene, limonene, pinene, caryophyllene, humulene, boswellic acid.

10. The composition of claim 9, wherein The boswellic acids include one or more of ursane type, oleanane type, further, the ursane type includes one or more of beta-boswellic acid, acetyl-beta-boswellic acid, 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, 11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, acetyl-11-hydroxy-beta-boswellic acid, acetyl-11alpha-methoxy-beta-boswellic acid, 9,11-dehydro-beta-boswellic acid, 3alpha-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-beta-boswellic acid, 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, and the oleanane type includes one or more of alpha-boswellic acid, acetyl-alpha-boswellic acid, 9,11-dehydro-alpha-boswellic acid, 3-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-alpha-boswellic acid.

11. The composition of claim 7, wherein The phenolic compounds include one or more of curcumin, decursin, decursinol, mangosteen polyphenol, phytocannabinoid, tea polyphenol, anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin-3-gallate, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, eugenol, vanillyl phenol, coumarin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin, luteolin, hesperetin, naringenin, eriodictyol, cyanidin, trillin, puerarin, lignan, schisantherin, apple polyphenol, crocin, ellagic acid, crocetin, mulberry leaf polyphenol, coniferyl alcohol, hydroxytyrosol, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid, bixin, sugarcane polyphenol, xanthohumol, dihydromyricetin, salviol, chestnut skin polyphenol, lotus seed polyphenol, beta-glucan, tannin, wogonin, corchoros gum, pterostilbene, garcinia polyphenol, total flavonoids of sea buckthorn, aloin, aloe bitter, lychee polyphenol.

12. The composition of claim 7, wherein The sterols include one or more of cholestanol, beta-sitosterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, ergostanol, cholesterol, lanosterol, beta-amyrin, beta-amyrin acid, lanolin alcohol, lanolin acid, phytosterol, rice bran fatty alcohol.

13. The composition of claim 7, wherein The alkaloids include one or more of sophoraflavanone, sophoraflavanone, dendrobium alkaloid, andrographolide, piperine, ephedrine, betaine, ligusticum alkaloid, piperine, ephedrine, betaine, ligusticum alkaloid.

14. The composition of claim 7, wherein The amino acids include one or more of lysine, arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, and aminobutyric acid.

15. The composition of claim 7, wherein The flavonoids include one or more of flavone, flavonol, dihydroflavone, dihydroflavonol, isoflavone, dihydroisoflavone, chalcone, dihydrochalcone, aurone, anthocyanidin, rutin, daidzein, anthocyanidin, flavanol, proanthocyanidin.

16. The composition of claim 7, wherein The polysaccharides include one or more of L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-galactose, astragalus polysaccharide, lycium polysaccharide, lentinan, ginseng polysaccharide, glycyrrhiza polysaccharide, tremella polysaccharide, pueraria polysaccharide, mulberry polysaccharide, oat polysaccharide, ophiopogon polysaccharide, aloe polysaccharide, sophora polysaccharide, beta-glucan.

17. The composition of claim 7, wherein The nucleosides include one or more of guanosine, guanosine, adenosine, and cytidine.

18. The composition of claim 7, wherein The efficacy components of the plant extract at least include one or more of phytocannabinoids, decursin, decursinol, boswellic acid, sabinene, limonene, pinene, caryophyllene, humulene.

19. The composition of any one of claims 1-18, wherein The mass ratio of calcium and plant extract in the composition is 15:1-1:

10.

20. The composition of claim 6, wherein The content of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid in the Boswellia extract is 10-50% of the total mass of the Boswellia extract.

21. The composition of claim 6, wherein The pepper extract is black pepper extract; further, the content of β-caryophyllene in the black pepper extract is ≥20%.

22. The composition of claim 6, wherein The content of decursin in the Angelica extract is ≥5%.

23. The composition of any one of claims 1-22, wherein The composition further comprises collagen.

24. The composition of claim 23, wherein The collagen is one or more of type I collagen, type II collagen, type III collagen, type IV collagen, and type V collagen; further, the collagen is type II collagen.

25. The composition of claim 24, wherein The type II collagen is one or more of non-denatured type II collagen and hydrolyzed collagen; further, the type II collagen is non-denatured type II collagen.

26. The composition of claim 23, wherein The molecular weight of the collagen is 50-1000kDa.

27. The composition of any one of claims 1-26, wherein The composition further comprises chondroitin sulfate.

28. The composition of claim 27, wherein The content of chondroitin sulfate is 10-150mg / g; further, the content of chondroitin sulfate is 10-100mg / g.

29. The composition of any one of claims 1-28, wherein The composition further comprises glucosamine; further, the content of glucosamine is 50-300mg / g; further, the content of glucosamine is 50-200mg / g.

30. The composition of any one of claims 1-29, wherein The composition further comprises phosphorus.

31. The composition of any one of claims 1-30, wherein The composition is prepared into one or more of tablets, soft capsules, powders, oral liquids, and sprays by adding pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

32. The composition of claim 31, wherein The dosage form is a soft capsule.

33. The composition according to any one of claims 1-30 for use in bone and joint health.

34. The composition according to any one of claims 1-30 for use in improving osteoporosis, improving arthritis, increasing bone density, increasing bone strength, maintaining bone density, and enhancing bone solidity.

35. The composition according to any one of claims 1-30 for use in improving arthritis.

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