Light-emitting device including heterocyclic compound, electronic device including light-emitting device, electronic device including light-emitting device, and heterocyclic compound

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a light-emitting device including a heterocyclic compound, an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device, an electronic device including the light-emitting device, and the heterocyclic compound. The light emitting device may include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode (e.g., opposite the first electrode), an interlayer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, and a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1. Formula 1

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0133251, filed on September 30, 2024, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] One or more embodiments of this disclosure relate to a light-emitting device including a heterocyclic compound, an electronic device including a light-emitting device, an electronic device including a light-emitting device, and a heterocyclic compound. Background Technology

[0004] In light-emitting devices, self-emitting devices (e.g., light-emitting devices) are known for their relatively wide viewing angle, high contrast, short response time, and / or superior and / or desirable (appropriate) characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed.

[0005] In a light-emitting device, a first electrode is arranged on a substrate, followed by essentially a hole transport region, an emitter layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode. Holes supplied by the first electrode move towards the emitter layer through the hole transport region, while electrons supplied by the second electrode move towards the emitter layer through the electron transport region. These charge carriers (i.e., holes and electrons) recombine in the emitter layer to generate excitons. Excitons can transition from an excited state and decay to the ground state, thereby generating light. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One or more aspects of embodiments of this disclosure relate to light-emitting devices including heterocyclic compounds, electronic devices including light-emitting devices, electronic devices including light-emitting devices, and heterocyclic compounds.

[0007] Further aspects of the implementation will be set forth in part in the description which follows and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the implementations presented in this disclosure.

[0008] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the light-emitting device includes

[0009] First electrode,

[0010] The second electrode is opposite to the first electrode (e.g., facing the first electrode).

[0011] An interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, and

[0012] Heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1:

[0013] Formula 1

[0014]

[0015] In Equation 1,

[0016] X 41 It can be N or C(R) 41 ), X 42 It can be N or C(R) 42 ), X 43 It can be N or C(R) 43 ), X 44 It can be N or C(R) 44 ), X 51 It can be N or C(R) 51 ), X 52 It can be N or C(R) 52 ), X 53 It can be N or C(R) 53 ), and X 54 It can be N or C(R) 54 ),

[0017] Selected from X 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 At least one of them can be N,

[0018] Ring A1 can be C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0019] a1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0020] L1 can be unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R. 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0021] If (for example, when) a1 is 0, then *-(L1) a1 -*' can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0022] b2 can be an integer selected from 0 to 2.

[0023] b3 can be an integer selected from 0 to 10.

[0024] R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74Each group can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Replacement C7-C 60 Aryl groups, -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) or -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2),

[0025] Selected from R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Two or more adjacent elements may optionally be bonded together to form an unsubstituted or R-shaped element. 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0026] R 10a Possible forms:

[0027] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro,

[0028] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof,

[0029] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0030] -O(Q 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0031] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q33 Each can be independently:

[0032] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 alkoxy, or

[0033] Each of the unsubstituted or replaced groups (deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C) 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0034] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device includes a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments.

[0035] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device includes a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments.

[0036] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is provided. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. The above and other aspects and features of specific embodiments of the disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic perspective view illustrating an electronic device including a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the exterior of a vehicle as an electronic device including a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments; and

[0043] Figures 6A to 6C Each of the above is a schematic diagram of the interior of a vehicle, which includes an electronic device comprising a light-emitting device, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0044] One or more embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings will be explained in more detail with reference to their examples, wherein the same reference numerals throughout the accompanying drawings and written description refer to the same elements, and for the sake of brevity, their repeated descriptions may be omitted in the specification. In this regard, the subject matter of this disclosure may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the one or more embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings to explain aspects and features of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0045] As used herein, the terms “and / or” or “or” include any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated items. Throughout this disclosure, when expressions such as “at least one of…”, “one of…”, and “selected from…” precede / follow a list of elements, they modify the entire list of elements without modifying any individual element of the list. For example, “at least one of a, b, and c”, “selected from at least one of a, b, and c”, and / or “selected from at least one of a to c” indicate only a, only b, only c, (e.g., both a and b), (e.g., both a and c), (e.g., both b and c), all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0046] The symbol “ / ” used in this article can be interpreted as “and” or “or”, depending on the context.

[0047] In this disclosure, it will be understood that the terms “comprise(s)”, “include(s)”, or “have / has / having” indicate the presence of a described feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Furthermore, the terms “comprise(s)”, “include(s)”, “have / has / having”, or similar terms include or support the terms “consisting of” and “substantially consisting of”, which indicate the presence of a described feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, while other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof are absent or substantially absent.

[0048] In the context of this application and unless otherwise defined, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively.

[0049] Throughout this disclosure, when reference is made to placing a component (such as a layer, film, zone, or plate) "on" another component, it will be understood that it may be directly on the other component or another component may be between them. In one or more embodiments, "directly on" can mean that there is no additional layer, film, zone, and / or plate between the layer, film, zone, and / or plate and another component. For example, "directly on" can mean arranging two layers or two components without using additional components (such as adhesive components) between them.

[0050] In this disclosure, although the terms “first” and / or “second” may be used herein to describe one or more elements, components, areas and / or layers, such elements, components, areas and / or layers should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another.

[0051] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “one,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the use of “may” refers to “one or more embodiments of this disclosure” when describing embodiments of this disclosure.

[0052] As used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” or similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as terms of degree, and are intended to explain the inherent bias in measured or calculated values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art. As used herein, “about” includes the stated value and refers to a range of acceptable deviations from a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art considering the measurements in question and the errors associated with a particular number of measurements (e.g., limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0053] The numerical ranges set forth herein are intended to include all subranges containing the same numerical precision within the set forth range. For example, the range “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include all subranges between the stated minimum value of 1.0 and the stated maximum value of 10.0 (and inclusive) (e.g., a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0) (e.g., 2.4 to 7.6). Any maximum numerical limit set forth herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits contained herein, and any minimum numerical limit set forth herein is intended to include all higher numerical limits contained herein. Accordingly, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly set forth any subranges contained within the ranges expressly set forth herein.

[0054] A light-emitting device (e.g., an organic light-emitting device) according to one or more embodiments may include: a first electrode; a second electrode opposite to the first electrode (e.g., facing the first electrode); an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode (e.g., disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode) and including an emission layer; and a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

[0055] The heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 will be described in more detail below:

[0056] Formula 1

[0057]

[0058] Where X 41 It can be N or C(R) 41 ), X 42 It can be N or C(R) 42 ), X 43 It can be N or C(R) 43 ), X 44 It can be N or C(R) 44 ), X 51 It can be N or C(R) 51 ), X 52 It can be N or C(R)52 ), X 53 It can be N or C(R) 53 ), and X 54 It can be N or C(R) 54 ), of which X 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 At least one of them can be N. In one or more embodiments, "selected from X" 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 At least one of them can be N, which can refer to "including X". 41 To X 44 "The ring" and "including X" 51 To X 54 At least one of the rings is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.

[0059] In one or more embodiments, X is selected. 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 One or both of them can be N.

[0060] In Equation 1, ring A1 can be C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, ring A1 may be phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthrene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, acenaphthene, perylene, benzo[pyrene], benzo[1,2-benzo[phenanthrene], benzo[triphenylene], fluoranyl, myristyl, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, acridineyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, benzophosphane heterocyclopentadienyl, indene, benzothiopheneyl, benzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, benzothiopheneyl, benzoselenyl Fenyl, benzofuranyl, benzotelluryl, carbazole, dibenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, dibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzogermanium cyclopentadienyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzotelluryl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, 9H-fluoren-9-one, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, azabenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azaindenyl, nitrogen Azabenzothiophene, azabenzogermanium cyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzoselenyl, azabenzofuranyl, azacarbazoyl, azadibenzoboron cyclopentadienyl, azadibenzophosphazenyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzogermanium cyclopentadienyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzoselenyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene-5-oxide, aza-9H-fluoren-9-one, azadibenzothiophene- 5,5-dioxide, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrolineyl, pyrroleyl, pyrazolyl, imidazoleyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl.

[0062] For example, ring A1 can be phenyl or naphthyl.

[0063] In Equation 1, a1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0064] In one or more embodiments, a1 can be 0 or 1.

[0065] In Equation 1, L1 can be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R. 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0066] In one or more embodiments, L1 may each be unsubstituted or be replaced by at least one R. 10aSubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthrene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoboranecyclopentadienyl, benzophoscyclopentadienyl, indene, benzothiophene, benzogermanium cyclopentadienyl, benzothiophene, benzoselenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, dibenzophoscyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl Dibenzothiophene, dibenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, dibenzothiophene, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, 9H-fluorene-9-one, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azaindenyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzoselenyl alkyl, azidobenzofuranyl, azidocarbazoyl, azidobenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, azidobenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azidofluorenyl, azidobenzothiophenyl, azidobenzogeranecyclopentadienyl, azidobenzothiophenyl, azidobenzofuranyl, azidobenzothiophene-5-oxide, azido-9H-fluoren-9-one, azidobenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyridyl, pyrimidine 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrolineyl, pyrroleyl, pyrazolyl, imidazoleyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl.

[0067] In one or more embodiments, L1 may be a group represented by one of formulas 3-1 to 3-28 (e.g., any of them):

[0068]

[0069] Among them, in equations 3-1 to 3-28,

[0070] R 10a It may be the same as that defined in one or more embodiments.

[0071] c1 can be 0 or 1.

[0072] c2 can be an integer selected from 0 to 2.

[0073] c3 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3.

[0074] c4 can be an integer selected from 0 to 4.

[0075] c6 can be an integer selected from 0 to 6, and

[0076] * and *' each indicate the bonding site with the adjacent atom.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, L1 may be a group represented by one of Formulas 3-1 to 3-3 and Formulas 3-14 to 3-17 (e.g., any of them).

[0078] If (for example, when) a1 in Equation 1 is 0, then *-(L1) a1 -*' can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0079] In Equation 1, b2 can be an integer selected from 0 to 2.

[0080] In Equation 1, b3 can be an integer selected from 0 to 10.

[0081] In Equation 1, R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each group can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Replacement C7-C 60 Aryl groups, -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) or -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2), and

[0082] Selected from R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Two or more adjacent elements may optionally be bonded together to form an unsubstituted or R-shaped element. 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0083] R 10a Possible forms:

[0084] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0085] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0086] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q)21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0087] -O(Q 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0088] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently:

[0089] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0090] Each of the unsubstituted or replaced groups (deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C) 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0091] In one or more embodiments, R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl or C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0092] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 20 Alkyl or C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl (or adamantyl), norbornyl (or norbornyl), norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, or any combination thereof;

[0093] Each of the following unsubstituted or substituted compounds: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl (or adamantyl), norbornyl (or norbornyl), norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, (C1-C) 10 Alkyl)phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenylene, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benziisothiazolyl, Benzooxazolyl, Benzoisooxazolyl, Triazolyl, Tetrazolyl, Oxadiazolyl, Triazinyl, Dibenzofuranyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Benzocarbazoyl, Dibenzocarbazoyl, Imidazolopyridyl, Imidazolopyrimidinyl, Azacarbazoyl, Azadibenzofuranyl, Azadibenzothiophenyl, Azafluorenyl or Azadibenzothiophenyl: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, Hydroxyl, Cyano, Nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl (or adamantyl), norbornyl (or norbornyl), norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, (C1-C) 10Alkyl)phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenylene, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindole, indole, inzolyl, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl Quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthroline, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiaphenyl, benzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, -O(Q) 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 -P(=O)(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0094] -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and

[0095] Q1 to Q3 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or each of the following unsubstituted or deuterated, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the numbers selected from R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 At least one of them can be deuterium.

[0097] In one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 1A:

[0098] Formula 1A

[0099]

[0100] In Equation 1A,

[0101] X 41 To X 44 X 51 To X 54 a1, L1, b2, R1, R2, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each may be the same as defined in one or more embodiments.

[0102] R 31 To R 34 Each can be the same as the one defined by reference R3 in Equation 1.

[0103] In one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by any one of Formulas 1-1 to 1-6:

[0104] Equation 1-1

[0105]

[0106] Formula 1-2

[0107] Formula 1-3

[0108]

[0109] Formula 1-4

[0110]

[0111] Formula 1-5

[0112]

[0113] Formula 1-6

[0114]

[0115] Among them, in equations 1-1 to 1-6,

[0116] X 41 To X 44 X 51 To X 54 a1, L1, R1, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each may be the same as defined in one or more embodiments.

[0117] R 21 To R 24 Each can be the same as that defined by reference R2 in Equation 1, and

[0118] R 31 To R 34 Each can be the same as the one defined by reference R3 in Equation 1.

[0119] In one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be any one selected from compound 1 to compound 170:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 according to one or more embodiments may have suppressed or reduced intermolecular interactions due to their structural feature of having two N-containing heterocycles in adjacent positions. Therefore, if (for example, when) a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is used in an emission layer, color purity and lifetime can be improved or enhanced.

[0140] In one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one heterocycle containing two or more N atoms, making hole transport characteristics relatively easy to control. As a result, if (e.g., when) a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is used in the emitter layer, the recombination region of the emitter layer can be improved (or enhanced) or optimized, thereby leading to improved or enhanced luminous efficiency and lifetime.

[0141] Therefore, light-emitting devices including heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 can have excellent or suitable driving voltage, efficiency and lifetime characteristics.

[0142] According to one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may have a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of about -5.8 eV or higher.

[0143] According to one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may have a triplet excited state (T1) energy level of about 2.6 eV or higher.

[0144] By referring to the synthetic examples and / or embodiments provided herein, those skilled in the art will recognize the synthetic methods of the heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1.

[0145] At least one heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be used in a light-emitting device (e.g., an organic light-emitting device). Accordingly, a light-emitting device is provided, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode opposite to (e.g., facing the first electrode); and an interlayer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the interlayer comprises a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

[0146] In one or more embodiments,

[0147] The first electrode of the light-emitting device can be the anode.

[0148] The second electrode of the light-emitting device can be a cathode.

[0149] The interlayer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emitter layer, and an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode.

[0150] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination), and

[0151] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0152] The hole transport region may include a single layer or two or more layers, and the electron transport region may include a single layer or two or more layers.

[0153] In one or more embodiments, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be included between the first and second electrodes of the light-emitting device. Accordingly, the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in the interlayer of the light-emitting device, for example, in the emitting layer of the interlayer.

[0154] In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer of the interlayer of the light-emitting device may include a dopant and a host, and a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in the host. For example, a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may serve as or be used as the host. The emitting layer may be used to emit red, green, blue, and / or white light. For example, the emitting layer may be used to emit blue light. Blue light may have a maximum emission wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of maximum emission intensity) ranging from, for example, about 400 nm to about 490 nm. Blue light may be light having a maximum emission wavelength of, for example, from about 430 nm to about 480 nm.

[0155] In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer of the interlayer of the light-emitting device may include a dopant and a host, and a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in the host, and the dopant may be used to emit blue light. For example, the dopant may include a transition metal and a number of m ligands, where m may be an integer selected from 1 to 6. The number of m ligands may be the same or different from each other, and at least one of the ligands selected from the number of m ligands may be bonded to the transition metal via a carbon-transition metal bond, and the carbon-transition metal bond may be a coordinate bond. For example, at least one of the ligands selected from the number of m ligands may be a carbene ligand (e.g., a carbene ligand in Ir(pmp)3, etc.). The transition metal may be, for example, iridium, platinum, osmium, palladium, rhodium, and / or gold, etc. Further details regarding the emitting layer and the dopant may be described in one or more embodiments.

[0156]

[0157] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may include a capping layer on the outside of the first electrode and / or the outside of the second electrode.

[0158] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may further include at least one selected from a first capping layer outside the first electrode and a second capping layer outside the second electrode, and at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may include a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1. Further details regarding the first capping layer and / or the second capping layer can be found in the description provided in one or more embodiments.

[0159] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may include:

[0160] A first capping layer, consisting of a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1, is disposed outside the first electrode.

[0161] A second capping layer disposed outside the second electrode and comprising a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1; or

[0162] First capping layer and second capping layer.

[0163] As used herein, the expression “(the interlayer and / or capping layer) comprises at least one heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1” may include cases where “(the interlayer and / or capping layer) comprises substantially the same heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1” and cases where “(the interlayer and / or capping layer) comprises two or more different heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1”.

[0164] For example, the interlayer and / or capping layer may comprise only compound 1 as a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1. In one or more embodiments, compound 1 may be in the emitting layer of the light-emitting device. In one or more embodiments, the interlayer may comprise both compound 1 and compound 2 as heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1. In one or more embodiments, compound 1 and compound 2 may be in substantially the same layer (e.g., both compound 1 and compound 2 may be in the emitting layer simultaneously, for example) or may be in different layers (e.g., compound 1 may be present in the emitting layer, and compound 2 may be in the electron transport region).

[0165] As used herein, the term "sandwich" refers to a single layer and / or multiple layers between the first and second electrodes of a light-emitting device.

[0166] One or more embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device including a light-emitting device. The electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. For example, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor including a source electrode and a drain electrode, wherein a first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode. In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touchscreen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). Further details regarding the electronic device can be found in the description provided in one or more embodiments.

[0167] One or more embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device including a light-emitting device. The electronic device may be at least one selected from flat panel displays, curved displays, computer monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, indoor lights, outdoor lights, signal lights, head-up displays, fully transparent displays, partially transparent displays, flexible displays, rollable displays, foldable displays, retractable displays, laser printers, telephones, portable telephones, tablet PCs, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, viewfinders, microdisplays, three-dimensional (3D) displays, virtual reality displays, augmented reality displays, vehicles, video walls with multiple displays tiled together, theater screens, stadium screens, phototherapy devices, and signs. Further details regarding the electronic device may be described in one or more embodiments.

[0168] Figure 1 Description

[0169] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a light-emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments. The light-emitting device 10 may include a first electrode 110, a sandwich layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0170] The following text is for reference only. Figure 1The structure of a light-emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments and a method for manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 are described.

[0171] First electrode 110

[0172] exist Figure 1 In this embodiment, the substrate may be additionally disposed below the first electrode 110 or on the second electrode 150. A glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate may be used as the substrate. In one or more embodiments, the substrate may be a flexible substrate and may include plastics with excellent or suitable heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0173] The first electrode 110 may be formed or provided, for example, by depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 on a substrate. If (for example, when) the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 may be a high work function material that facilitates hole injection.

[0174] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a transmissive-reflective electrode, or a transmissive electrode. If (for example, when) the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form or provide the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (e.g., SnO2), zinc oxide (e.g., ZnO), or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof. In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) the first electrode 110 is a transmissive-reflective electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form or provide the first electrode 110 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof.

[0175] The first electrode 110 may have a monolayer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) or a multilayer structure comprising multiple layers. In one or more embodiments, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0176] mezzanine 130

[0177] The interlayer 130 may be on top of the first electrode 110. The interlayer 130 may include an emitter layer.

[0178] The interlayer 130 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emitter layer and an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode 150.

[0179] In addition to one or more suitable organic materials, the interlayer 130 may further include metal-containing compounds (such as organometallic compounds) and / or inorganic materials (such as quantum dots).

[0180] In one or more embodiments, the interlayer 130 may include i) two or more emitting units stacked sequentially between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150, and ii) a charge generation layer between adjacent emitting units in the two or more emitting units. If, for example, the interlayer 130 includes emitting units and a charge generation layer as described in one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device 10 may be a tandem light-emitting device.

[0181] Hole transport region in interlayer 130

[0182] The hole transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of multiple materials that are different from each other (e.g., composed of multiple materials that are different from each other), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers of multiple materials that are different from each other.

[0183] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0184] For example, the hole transport region may have a multi-layer structure, including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, wherein the layers in each structure are stacked sequentially starting from the first electrode 110.

[0185] The hole transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination):

[0186] Formula 201

[0187]

[0188] In Equations 201 and 202,

[0189] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C60 Heterocyclic group,

[0190] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0191] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 5 independently.

[0192] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0193] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0194] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups (e.g., carbazole group) (e.g., see compound HT16),

[0195] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0196] na1 can be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0197] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups selected from Formula CY201 to Formula CY217:

[0198]

[0199] In formulas CY201 to CY217, R 10b and R 10c Each can be compared with reference R. 10a The same restrictions apply to the CY ring. 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently C3-C 20 Carbocyclic or C1-C 20 Heterocyclic group, and at least one hydrogen in formulas CY201 to CY217 may be unsubstituted or R-substituted. 10a replace.

[0200] In one or more embodiments, in formulas CY201 to CY217, the ring CY 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl or anthracene.

[0201] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups selected from Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0202] In one or more embodiments, formula 201 may include at least one group selected from formulas CY201 to CY203 and at least one group selected from formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0203] In one or more embodiments, in formula 201, xa1 can be 1, R 201 It can be a group represented by one selected from formulas CY201 to CY203, xa2 can be 0, and R 202 It can be a group represented by one of the formulas CY204 to CY207.

[0204] In one or more embodiments, each of Formulas 201 and 202 may not include (e.g., may exclude) groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203.

[0205] In one or more embodiments, each of Formulas 201 and 202 may not include (e.g., may exclude) any group represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203, and may include at least one of the groups selected from Formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0206] In one or more embodiments, each of Formulas 201 and 202 may not include (e.g., may exclude) groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY217.

[0207] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may include at least one selected from compounds HT1 to HT46 (e.g., one selected from there), m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiroTPD, spiroNPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, CzSi, 4,4',4”-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any suitable combination thereof:

[0208]

[0209]

[0210]

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] The thickness of the hole transport region can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately If (for example, when) the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or (for example, any suitable) combination thereof, then the thickness of the hole injection layer may be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Furthermore, the thickness of the hole transport layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately If (for example, when) the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within the aforementioned range, satisfactory or desired hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0214] The emission assist layer can increase or enhance luminous efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can prevent electrons from leaking from the emission layer to the hole transport region (or reduce the degree or occurrence of electron leakage). Materials that may be included in the hole transport region may be included in both the emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer.

[0215] p-dopants

[0216] In addition to the materials as described in one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may further include a charge-generating material for improving or enhancing conductivity (e.g., electrical conductivity) properties. The charge-generating material may be uniformly (e.g., substantially uniformly) or non-uniformly (e.g., substantially non-uniformly) dispersed in the hole transport region (e.g., in the form of a single layer comprising the charge-generating material (e.g., composed of the charge-generating material)).

[0217] The charge-generating material can be, for example, a p-doped agent.

[0218] For example, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of a p-doped agent can be less than or equal to about -3.5 eV.

[0219] In one or more embodiments, the p-doper may include quinone derivatives, cyano-containing compounds, compounds comprising elements EL1 and EL2, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0220] Non-limiting examples of quinone derivatives include TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0221] Non-limiting examples of cyano-containing compounds include HAT-CN and compounds represented by formula 221.

[0222]

[0223] Equation 221

[0224]

[0225] In Equation 221,

[0226] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C60 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0227] Selected from R 221 To R 223 At least one of them can be independently either unsubstituted or substituted C3-C. 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; unsubstituted or substituted C1-C groups with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof. 20 Alkyl groups; or any combination thereof.

[0228] In a compound comprising elements EL1 and EL2, element EL1 may be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable), and element EL2 may be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable).

[0229] Non-limiting examples of metals may include alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and / or cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and / or barium (Ba); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), and cobalt. (Co, rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and / or gold (Au), etc.); later transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In) and tin (Sn), etc.); and / or lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and / or lutetium (Lu), etc.).

[0230] Non-limiting examples of metalloids may be silicon (Si), antimony (Sb) and / or tellurium (Te).

[0231] Non-limiting examples of nonmetals may be oxygen (O) and / or halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br and / or I, etc.).

[0232] Non-limiting examples of compounds including elements EL1 and EL2 may be metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides and / or metal iodides, etc.), quasi-metal halides (e.g., quasi-metal fluorides, quasi-metal chlorides, quasi-metal bromides and / or quasi-metal iodides, etc.), metal tellurides, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0233] Non-limiting examples of metal oxides may include tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3 and / or W2O5, etc.), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2 and / or V2O5, etc.), molybdenum oxides (e.g., MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3 and / or Mo2O5, etc.) and / or rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO3, etc.).

[0234] Non-limiting examples of metal halides may include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and / or lanthanide metal halides.

[0235] Non-limiting examples of alkali metal halides may include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI and / or CsI.

[0236] Non-limiting examples of alkaline earth metal halides include BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2 and / or BaI2.

[0237] Non-limiting examples of transition metal halides may include titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4 and / or TiI4, etc.), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4 and / or ZrI4, etc.), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4 and / or HfI4, etc.), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3 and / or VI3, etc.), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3 and / or NbI3, etc.), and tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3, etc.). 3 and / or TaI3, etc.), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3 and / or CrI3, etc.), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3 and / or MoI3, etc.), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3 and / or WI3, etc.), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2 and / or MnI2, etc.), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2 and / or TcI2, etc.), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2 and / or R... Ferrous (II) halides (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2 and / or FeI2), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2 and / or RuI2), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2 and / or OsI2), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2 and / or CoI2), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2 and / or RhI2), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2). Nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2 and / or NiI2), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2 and / or PdI2), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2 and / or PtI2), cuprous (I) halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr and / or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr and / or AgI), and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr and / or AuI).

[0238] Non-limiting examples of post-transition metal halides may be zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2 and / or ZnI2, etc.), indium halides (e.g., InI3, etc.) and tin halides (e.g., SnI2, etc.).

[0239] Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal halides may be YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3 and / or SmI3.

[0240] Non-limiting examples of metal halide may be antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5, etc.).

[0241] Non-limiting examples of metal tellurides may include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li₂Te, Na₂Te, K₂Te, Rb₂Te and / or Cs₂Te, etc.), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe and / or BaTe, etc.), and transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe₂, ZrTe₂, HfTe₂, V₂Te₃, Nb₂Te₃, Ta₂Te₃, Cr₂Te₃, Mo₂Te₃, W₂Te₃, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, F₂Te, etc.). (eTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe and / or Au2Te, etc.), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe, etc.) and / or lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe and / or LuTe, etc.).

[0242] emission layer in interlayer 130

[0243] If (for example, when) the light-emitting device 10 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emitting layer may be patterned as a red emitting layer, a green emitting layer, and / or a blue emitting layer according to the sub-pixels. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from red, green, and blue emitting layers, wherein the two or more layers are in contact with or separated from each other to emit white light. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may include two or more materials selected from red, green, and blue emitting materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light. For example, the emitting layer may be used to emit blue light.

[0244] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 as described in one or more embodiments.

[0245] The emitter layer may include a host and a dopant.

[0246] In one or more embodiments, the dopant may include a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 as described in one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, in addition to the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1, the dopant may further include phosphorescent dopant, fluorescent dopant, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). In addition to the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1, phosphorescent dopant and / or fluorescent dopant, etc., may be further included in the emission layer, each described in more detail herein.

[0247] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of dopant in the emitter layer can be from about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight.

[0248] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0249] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material may act as or be used as a host or dopant in the emission layer.

[0250] The thickness of the emission layer can be approximately to approximately (For example, about to approximately Within the aforementioned range. If (for example, when) the thickness of the emitting layer is within the aforementioned range, excellent or adequate light-emitting characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0251] main body

[0252] In one or more embodiments, the host may be a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

[0253] In one or more embodiments, the body may include, for example, a carbazole-containing compound, an anthracene-containing compound, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0254] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by formula 301:

[0255] Formula 301

[0256] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 .

[0257] In Equation 301,

[0258] Ar 301 and L 301 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0259] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0260] xb1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0261] R 301 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or modified by at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10aReplacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 -P(=O)(Q) 301 (Q) 302 ) or P(=S)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),

[0262] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

[0263] Q 301 To Q 303 Each can be the same as the one specified in Q1.

[0264] In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) xb11 in equation 301 is 2 or greater, then two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via single bonds (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0265] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination):

[0266] Formula 301-1

[0267]

[0268] Formula 301-2

[0269]

[0270] Among them, in equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0271] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0272] X 301 It can be O, S, N[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C(R 304 (R) 305 ) or Si(R 304 (R) 305 ),

[0273] xb22 and xb23 can each be 0, 1, or 2 independently.

[0274] L 301 xb1 and R 301 Each may be the same as defined in one or more embodiments.

[0275] L 302 To L 304 Each can be independently compared with reference L 301 The same restrictions apply.

[0276] xb2 to xb4 can each be independently identical to the one defined by reference xb1, and

[0277] R 302 To R 305 and R 311 To R 314 Each can be compared with reference R. 301 The same restrictions apply.

[0278] In one or more embodiments, the body may include an alkaline earth metal complex, a post-transition metal complex, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). In one or more embodiments, the body may include a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0279] In one or more embodiments, the body may include: at least one selected from compounds H1 to H128 (e.g., one or any of them); 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN); 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN); 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN); 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP); 1,3-bis(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (mCP); 1,3,5-tris(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (TCP); or (e.g., any suitable) combination thereof:

[0280]

[0281]

[0282]

[0283]

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] In one or more embodiments, the subject may include a first subject compound and a second subject compound.

[0287] In one or more embodiments, the first host compound may be a hole transport host.

[0288] In one or more embodiments, the second host compound may be an electron transport host.

[0289] In one or more embodiments, the term "hole transport body" as used herein refers to a compound that includes a hole transport portion.

[0290] In one or more embodiments, the term "electron transport subject" as used herein refers not only to compounds that include an electron transport portion, but also to bipolar compounds that have bipolar properties.

[0291] The terms "hole transport subject" and "electron transport subject" can each be understood based on the relative difference between the hole mobility in the hole transport subject and the electron mobility in the electron transport subject. For example, even if (e.g.) the electron transport subject does not include an electron transport component, a bipolar compound exhibiting a relatively high electron mobility than the hole transport subject can be understood as an electron transport subject.

[0292] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport subject may be represented by one selected from Formulas 311-1 to 311-6, and the electron transport subject may be represented by one selected from Formulas 312-1 to 312-4, Formula 313, and Formula 313A (e.g., any of them):

[0293] Formula 311-1

[0294]

[0295] Formula 311-2

[0296]

[0297] Formula 311-3

[0298]

[0299] Formula 311-4

[0300]

[0301] Formula 311-5

[0302]

[0303] Formula 311-6

[0304] Formula 312-1

[0305] Formula 312-2

[0306] Formula 312-3

[0307] Formula 312-4

[0308] Formula 313

[0309]

[0310] Formula 313A

[0311]

[0312] Among them, in equations 311-1 to 311-6, equations 312-1 to 312-4, equation 313, and equation 313A,

[0313] Ar 301 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0314] A 301 To A 304 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0315] X 301 It can be O, S, N[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ][(L305 ) xb5 -R 305 ] or Si[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ][(L 305 ) xb5 -R 305 ],

[0316] X 302 Y 301 and Y 302 They can each be independent of a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), O, S, N[(L 305 ) xb5 -R 305 ]、C[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ][(L 305 ) xb5 -R 305 ]、Si[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ][(L 305 ) xb5 -R 305 ] or S(=O)2,

[0317] xb1 to xb5 can each be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0318] xb6 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0319] X 321 To X 328 Each can be independently N or C[(L 324 ) xb24 -R 324 ],

[0320] Y 321 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N[(L 325 ) xb25 -R 325 ]-*'、*-C[(L 325 ) xb25 -R 325 ][(L 326 ) xb26 -R 326 ]-*'、*-C[(L 325 ) xb25 -R 325 ] = C[(L 326 ) xb26 -R 326 ]-*'、*-C[(L325 ) xb25 -R 325 ] = N - *' or * - N = C[(L 326 ) xb26 -R 326 ]-*',

[0321] k21 can be 0, 1, or 2, where if (for example, when) k21 is 0, then Y 321 It does not exist.

[0322] xb21 to xb26 can each be independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0323] A 31 A 32 and A 34 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 30 Heterocyclic group,

[0324] A 33 It can be a group represented by formula 313A.

[0325] X 31 It can be N[(L) 335 ) xb35 -(R 335 )]、O、S、Se、C[(L 335 ) xb35 -(R 335 )][(L 336 ) xb36 -(R 336 )] or Si[(L 335 ) xb35 -(R 335 )][(L 336 ) xb36 -(R 336 )],

[0326] xb31 to xb36 can each be independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0327] xb42 to xb44 can each independently be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

[0328] L 301 To L 306 L 321 To L 326 and L 331 To L 336 Each can be independently a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), unsubstituted, or bonded by at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups or unsubstituted groups or groups modified by at least one R 10a Substituted divalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups,

[0329] R 301 To R 305 R 311 To R 314 R 321 To R 324 and R 331 To R 336 Each group can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) or -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2),

[0330] Selected from R 321 To R 324 Two or more adjacent elements may optionally be bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or R-terminated compound. 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0331] R 10a Possible forms:

[0332] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0333] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0334] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q)21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0335] -O(Q 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0336] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 41 To Q 43 Q 301 To Q 303 Q 321 To Q 323 and Q 331 To Q 333 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or each of the following unsubstituted or deuterated, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0337] In one or more embodiments, the first host compound and the second host compound may form an excited-state complex.

[0338] Phosphorescent dopants

[0339] Phosphorescent dopants may include at least one transition metal as the center metal.

[0340] Phosphorescent dopants may include monodentate ligands, dipentate ligands, tridentate ligands, tetradentate ligands, pentadentate ligands, hexadentate ligands, or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof.

[0341] Phosphorescent dopants can be electrically neutral.

[0342] In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may comprise an organometallic compound represented by formula 401:

[0343] Formula 401

[0344] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0345] Formula 402

[0346]

[0347] In Equations 401 and 402,

[0348] M can be a transition metal (e.g., Ir, Pt, Pd, Os, Ti, Au, Hf, Eu, Tb, Rh, Re, or Tm).

[0349] L 401 It can be a ligand represented by Equation 402, and xc1 can be 1, 2, or 3, wherein if (for example, when) xc1 is 2 or greater, then it is selected from L 401 Two or more of them may be the same as or different from each other.

[0350] L 402 It can be an organic ligand, and xc2 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein if (for example, when) xc2 is 2 or greater, it is selected from L 402 Two or more of them may be the same as or different from each other.

[0351] X 401 and X 402 They can be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0352] Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0353] T 401 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q)-*', or a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond). 411 )-*'、*-C(Q411 (Q) 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 ) = *' or * = C = *',

[0354] X 403 and X 404 Each can be an independent chemical bond (e.g., covalent or coordinate), O, S, N (Q) 413 ), B(Q) 413 ), P(Q 413 ), C(Q 413 (Q) 414 ) or Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 ),

[0355] Q 411 To Q 414 Each can be the same as the one specified in reference Q1.

[0356] R 401 and R 402 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0357] Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be the same as the one specified in reference Q1.

[0358] xc11 and xc12 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 10, and

[0359] In Equation 402, * and *' each indicate the binding site with M in Equation 401.

[0360] In one or more embodiments, in formula 402, i)X 401 It can be nitrogen, and X 402 It can be carbon, or ii)X 401 and X 402 Each of them can be nitrogen.

[0361] In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) xc1 in equation 401 is 2 or greater, then L is selected. 401 Two or more of the two rings A 401 Optionally via T as a linking group 402 Connected to each other, or two rings A 402 Optionally via T as a linking group 403 They are interconnected (see compounds PD1 through PD4 and PD7). T 402 and T 403 Each can be compared with reference T. 401 The same restrictions apply.

[0362] L in Equation 401 402 It can be an organic ligand. In one or more embodiments, L 402 It may include halogen groups, diketone groups (e.g., acetylacetone groups), carboxylic acid groups (e.g., pyridine carboxyl groups), -C (=O), isonitrile groups, -CN groups, phosphorus-containing groups (e.g., phosphine groups and / or phosphite groups, etc.) or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof.

[0363] The phosphorescent dopant may include, for example, at least one selected from compounds PD1 to PD39 (e.g., may include one or any of them) or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination):

[0364]

[0365]

[0366] Fluorescent dopants

[0367] Fluorescent dopants may include amine-containing compounds, styrene-containing compounds, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0368] For example, fluorescent dopants may include compounds represented by formula 501:

[0369] Formula 501

[0370]

[0371] In Equation 501,

[0372] Ar 501 L 501 To L 503 R 501 and R 502 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0373] xd1 to xd3 can each be independently 0, 1, 2, or 3, and

[0374] xd4 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0375] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 501 501 It can be a fused ring group in which three or more monocyclic groups are fused together (e.g., anthracene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene and / or pyrene, etc.).

[0376] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2.

[0377] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may include: at least one selected from compounds FD1 to FD36 (e.g., one or any of them); DPVBi; DPAVBi; or (e.g., any suitable) combination thereof:

[0378]

[0379]

[0380]

[0381] Delayed fluorescence materials

[0382] The emission layer may further include a delayed fluorescence material.

[0383] In this paper, the delayed fluorescence material can be selected from compounds that can emit delayed fluorescence based on the delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0384] Depending on the type (variety) of other materials included in the emission layer, the delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer can act as or be used as a host or dopant.

[0385] In one or more embodiments, the difference (e.g., the absolute value of the difference) between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material can be at least about 0 EV and not greater than about 0.5 eV. If (e.g., when) the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material is within the aforementioned range, then the upconversion from the triplet state to the singlet state of the delayed fluorescent material can occur effectively or appropriately, and therefore, the light-emitting device 10 can have improved or enhanced luminous efficiency.

[0386] In one or more embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material may include: i) comprising at least one electron donor (e.g., π-electron-rich C3-C 60 Cyclic groups, such as carbazole groups, and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., sulfoxide, cyano, and / or a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons). 60 Materials containing heterocyclic groups, etc., ii) comprising C8-C groups containing at least two cyclic groups (e.g., one as a first ring and the other as a second ring) fused together with each other while sharing boron (B). 60 Materials with polycyclic groups.

[0387] Non-limiting examples of delayed fluorescence materials may include at least one (or any one of) compounds selected from DF1 to DF9:

[0388]

[0389] quantum dots

[0390] The emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0391] As used herein, the term "quantum dot" refers to a crystal of a semiconductor compound. Quantum dots can be used to emit light of one or more suitable wavelengths, depending on the size of the crystal. By adjusting the elemental proportions in the quantum dot compound, quantum dots can be used to emit light of one or more suitable wavelengths.

[0392] The diameter of quantum dots can be, for example, in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0393] In this disclosure, if (e.g., when) a point, multiple points, or point particles are spherical (e.g., substantially spherical), then "diameter" indicates the particle size or average particle size, and if (e.g., when) the particles are non-spherical, then "diameter" indicates the major axis length or average major axis length. The diameter of the particles can be measured using a scanning electron microscope and / or a particle size analyzer. A particle size analyzer such as a HORIBA LA-950 laser can be used as the particle size analyzer. If (e.g., when) the size of the particles is measured using a particle size analyzer, then the average particle size is referred to as D.50 D 50 The cumulative volume corresponds to the average diameter of 50 vol% of the particles in the particle size distribution (e.g., cumulative distribution), and in a distribution curve accumulated in the order from the smallest particle size to the largest particle size, if (e.g., when) the total number of particles is 100%, the value starting from the smallest particle corresponds to 50% of the particle size.

[0394] Quantum dots can be synthesized through wet chemical processes, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) processes, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) processes, or any similar processes.

[0395] Wet chemistry processes can include mixing quantum dot precursor materials with organic solvents and then growing quantum dot crystal particles. During quantum dot crystal growth, the organic solvent can act as a dispersant naturally distributed on the surface of the quantum dot crystal particles and control their growth. Therefore, wet chemistry processes can control the growth of quantum dot crystal particles more feasiblely and cost-effectively than vapor deposition methods such as metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

[0396] Quantum dots may include group II-VI semiconductor compounds; group III-V semiconductor compounds; group III-VI semiconductor compounds; group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds; group IV-VI semiconductor compounds; group IV elements or compounds; or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof.

[0397] Non-limiting examples of group II-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds, such as CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe and / or MgS; ternary compounds, such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe and / or MgZnS; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and / or HgZnSTe; and / or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable).

[0398] Non-limiting examples of group III-V semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds, such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds, such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds, such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and / or InAlPSb; or combinations thereof. In one or more embodiments, the group III-V semiconductor compound may further include group II elements. Non-limiting examples of group III-V semiconductor compounds that further include group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and / or InAlZnP, etc.

[0399] Non-limiting examples of group III-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds, such as GaS, Ga2S3, GaSe, Ga2Se3, GaTe, InS, InSe, In2Se3 and / or InTe; ternary compounds, such as InGaS3 and / or InGaSe3; or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0400] Non-limiting examples of group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds may include: ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS2, AgInSe2, AgGaS, AgGaS2, AgGaSe2, CuInS, CuInS2, CuInSe2, CuGaS2, CuGaSe2, CuGaO2, AgGaO2 and / or AgAlO2; ternary compounds such as AgInGaS, AgInGaS2, AgInGaSe, AgInGaSe2, CuInGaS and / or CuInGaS2; or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0401] Non-limiting examples of Group IV-VI semiconductor compounds can be: binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, and / or PbTe; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, and / or SnPbTe; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, and / or SnPbSTe; or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0402] Group IV elements or compounds can include: single-element materials such as Si and / or Ge; binary compounds such as SiC and / or SiGe; or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0403] Each element included in a multi-element compound (such as a binary compound, a ternary compound, and a quaternary compound) can be present in the particles at a substantially uniform concentration or at a substantially non-uniform concentration. The foregoing formula refers to the type (species) of elements included in each compound, and the element ratios in the compounds can be different from each other. For example, AgInGaS2 can indicate AgIn x Ga 1-x S2 (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1).

[0404] In one or more embodiments, the quantum dots can have a single structure or a core-shell dual structure in which the concentration of each element in the quantum dots is substantially uniform. For example, the material included in the core and the material included in the shell can be different from each other.

[0405] The shell of the quantum dots can act as or be used as a protective layer to prevent chemical denaturation of the core (or reduce the degree or occurrence of chemical denaturation) to maintain semiconductor properties and / or act as or be used as a charging layer to impart electrophoretic properties to the quantum dots. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient, where the concentration of the elements present in the shell decreases towards the center of the core.

[0406] Non-limiting examples of the shell for quantum dots may be oxides of metals or oxides of nonmetals, semiconductor compounds, and combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable). Non-limiting examples of oxides of metals or oxides of nonmetals may be: binary compounds, such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and / or NiO; ternary compounds, such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and / or CoMn2O4; and combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable). Non-limiting examples of semiconductor compounds may be as described in one or more embodiments: group II-VI semiconductor compounds; group III-V semiconductor compounds; group III-VI semiconductor compounds; group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds; group IV-VI semiconductor compounds; or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable). For example, suitable semiconductor compounds as shells may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnSTe, GaAs, GaP, GaS, GaSe, AgGaS, AgGaS2, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb or (e.g., any suitable) combinations thereof.

[0407] In multi-element compounds (such as binary and ternary compounds), each element may exist in the particles at a substantially homogeneous or substantially non-homogeneous concentration. The foregoing formula refers to the type (class) of elements included in each compound, and the proportions of elements in these compounds may differ from one another.

[0408] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be about 45 nm or less, for example, about 40 nm or less, for example, about 30 nm or less, and within the aforementioned range, the color purity or color reproducibility of quantum dots can be increased or enhanced. In one or more embodiments, because light emitted through quantum dots is emitted in all directions, a wide viewing angle can be improved or enhanced.

[0409] In one or more embodiments, quantum dots may be in the form of spherical (e.g., substantially spherical) nanoparticles, conical (e.g., substantially conical) nanoparticles, multi-armed (e.g., substantially multi-armed) nanoparticles, cubic (e.g., substantially cubic) nanoparticles; nanotubes (e.g., substantially nanotubes); nanowires (e.g., substantially nanowires); nanofibers (e.g., substantially nanofibers) or nanoplates (e.g., substantially nanoplates).

[0410] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the band gap of the quantum dots can be adjusted, and thus, light of one or more suitable wavelengths can be obtained in the quantum dot emitting layer. Therefore, by using quantum dots as described in one or more embodiments (by using quantum dots of different sizes or by changing the proportions of elements in the quantum dot compound), a light-emitting device emitting light of one or more suitable wavelengths can be realized. In one or more embodiments, the size of the quantum dots or the proportions of elements in the quantum dot compound can be selected so that red, green, and / or blue light can be emitted. In one or more embodiments, the quantum dots can be configured to emit white light by a combination of one or more suitable colors of light.

[0411] Electron transport region in interlayer 130

[0412] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material, or iii) a multilayer structure comprising multiple layers of a multiple material.

[0413] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0414] For example, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein the layers in each structure are stacked sequentially from the emission layer.

[0415] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electron control layer, or electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a nitrogen-containing C1-C layer containing at least one π-deficient electron. 60 Metal-free compounds with heterocyclic groups.

[0416] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601.

[0417] Formula 601

[0418] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0419] In Equation 601,

[0420] Ar 601and L 601 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0421] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0422] xe1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0423] R 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0424] Q 601 To Q 603 Each can be the same as the one specified in reference Q1.

[0425] xe21 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0426] Selected from Ar 601 L 601 and R 601 At least one of them can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R. 10a Substituted π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0427] In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) xe11 in formula 601 is 2 or greater, then Ar is selected. 601 Two or more bonds in a structure can be linked together by a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0428] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Substituted anthracene group.

[0429] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by formula 601-1:

[0430] Formula 601-1

[0431]

[0432] In Equation 601-1,

[0433] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R) 615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), and selected from X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0434] L 611 To L 613 Each can be compared with reference L. 601 The same restrictions apply.

[0435] xe611 to xe613 may each be identical to those defined by reference xe1.

[0436] R 611 To R 613 Each can be compared with reference R. 601 The same restrictions apply, and

[0437] R 614 To R 616 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0438] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1 may each be 0, 1 or 2 independently.

[0439] The electron transport region may include one selected from compounds ET1 to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, TSPO1, TPBI, or any suitable combination thereof:

[0440]

[0441]

[0442]

[0443] The thickness of the electron transport region can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately If (for example, when) the electron transport region comprises a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, or a combination thereof (for example, any suitable combination), then the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or the electron control layer may each be independently within approximately [a certain range]. to approximately (For example, about to approximately Within the range of ), and the thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately to approximately (For example, about to approximately Within the aforementioned range, if (for example, when) the thickness of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electron control layer, electron transport region and / or electron transport layer is within the aforementioned range, satisfactory or desired electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0444] In addition to the materials as described in one or more embodiments, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include a metallic material.

[0445] Metal-containing materials may include alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The metal ions of alkali metal complexes may be Li, Na, K, Rb, and / or Cs ions, and the metal ions of alkaline earth metal complexes may be Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and / or Ba ions. Ligands coordinated to the metal ions of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complex may include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or combinations thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0446] In one or more embodiments, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (Liq) or compound ET-D2:

[0447]

[0448] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode 150.

[0449] The electron injection layer may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes a single material (e.g., consisting of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers that includes a plurality of different materials.

[0450] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0451] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0452] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may include oxides, halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides, etc.) and / or tellurides of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0453] The alkali metal compound may include: alkali metal oxides such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O; alkali metal halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI; or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The alkaline earth metal compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-xO (x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1). The rare earth metal compound may include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). In one or more embodiments, the rare earth metal compound may include lanthanide metal tellurides. Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal tellurides may be LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, and / or Lu2Te3.

[0454] The alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex may include i) one of the ions selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals and ii) a ligand bonded to the metal ion, e.g., hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0455] The electron injection layer may include the following (e.g., consist of the following): alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal-containing compounds, alkaline earth metal-containing compounds, rare earth metal-containing compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination) as described in one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material (e.g., a compound represented by Formula 601).

[0456] In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may include the following (e.g., consist of the following): i) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide), ii) a) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); and b) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). For example, the electron injection layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer and / or a RbI:Yb co-deposited layer, etc.

[0457] If (for example, when) the electron-injected layer further comprises an organic material, then alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or combinations thereof (for example, any suitable combination) may be uniformly (for example, substantially uniformly) or non-uniformly (for example, substantially non-uniformly) dispersed in the matrix comprising the organic material.

[0458] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately And for example, about to approximately If, for example, the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the range described in one or more embodiments, satisfactory or desired electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0459] Second electrode 150

[0460] The second electrode 150 may be on the interlayer 130. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode serving as an electron injection electrode, and the materials used to form or provide the second electrode 150 may be metals, alloys, conductive compounds, or combinations thereof, each having a low work function.

[0461] The second electrode 150 may include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or any suitable combination thereof. The second electrode 150 may be a transmission electrode, a transmission-reflection electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0462] The second electrode 150 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers.

[0463] Capping layer

[0464] The first capping layer may be outside the first electrode 110, and / or the second capping layer may be outside the second electrode 150. For example, the light-emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, and the second electrode 150 are stacked sequentially in the described order, or in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the described order, or in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the described order.

[0465] Light generated in the emitting layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the first electrode 110, which serves as a transmissive or reflective electrode, and the first capping layer. Light generated in the emitting layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the second electrode 150, which serves as a transmissive or reflective electrode, and the second capping layer.

[0466] The first and second capping layers can increase or enhance the external emission efficiency based on the principle of constructive interference. Accordingly, the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be increased or enhanced, thereby increasing the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device 10.

[0467] Each of the first and second capping layers may include (at 589 nm) a material having a refractive index of about 1.6 or higher.

[0468] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each be independently an organic capping layer including organic materials, an inorganic capping layer including inorganic materials, or an organic-inorganic composite capping layer including both organic and inorganic materials.

[0469] At least one of the first and second capping layers may each independently comprise a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalene phthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any suitable combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, heterocyclic compound, and amino-containing compound may each optionally be substituted with a substituent comprising O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any suitable combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first and second capping layers may each independently comprise an amino-containing compound.

[0470] In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by formula 201, a compound represented by formula 202, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0471] In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently comprise one selected from compounds HT28 to HT33, one selected from compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any suitable combination thereof:

[0472]

[0473] membrane

[0474] Heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 may be contained in one or more suitable membranes.

[0475] Therefore, in one or more embodiments, a film comprising a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be provided. The film may be, for example, an optical component (or light control device) (e.g., a color filter, a color conversion component, a capping layer, a light extraction efficiency enhancement layer, a selective light absorption layer, a polarizing layer, and / or a content dot layer, etc.), a light blocking component (e.g., a light reflecting layer and / or a light absorbing layer, etc.), and / or a protective component (e.g., an insulating layer and / or a dielectric layer, etc.).

[0476] electronic devices

[0477] The light-emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices. For example, the electronic device including the light-emitting device may be a light-emitting device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0478] In addition to the light-emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light-emitting device) may further include i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or color conversion layer may be located in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light or white light. A more detailed description of the light-emitting device is provided in one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, the color conversion layer may include quantum dots. The quantum dots may be, for example, as described in one or more embodiments.

[0479] An electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, a color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, and a color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions.

[0480] A pixel-defining film can be used to define each of the multiple sub-pixel regions.

[0481] The color filter may further include a plurality of color filter regions and a light-blocking pattern between the plurality of color filter regions, and the color conversion layer may further include a plurality of color conversion regions and a light-blocking pattern between the plurality of color conversion regions.

[0482] Multiple color filter regions (or multiple color conversion regions) may include a first region for emitting a first color light, a second region for emitting a second color light, and / or a third region for emitting a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. In one or more embodiments, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In one or more embodiments, the multiple color filter regions (or multiple color conversion regions) may include quantum dots. For example, the first region may include red quantum dots, the second region may include green quantum dots, and the third region may not include (e.g., may exclude) quantum dots. A more detailed description of quantum dots is provided in one or more embodiments. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may each further include a scatterer (e.g., a light scatterer).

[0483] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device can be used to emit first light, a first region can be used to absorb the first light to emit first-first-color light, a second region can be used to absorb the first light to emit second-first-color light, and a third region can be used to absorb the first light to emit third-first-color light. In one or more embodiments, the first-first-color light, the second-first-color light, and the third-first-color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths. In one or more embodiments, the first light can be blue light, the first-first-color light can be red light, the second-first-color light can be green light, and the third-first-color light can be blue light.

[0484] In addition to the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein any one of the source electrode and the drain electrode is electrically connected to any one of the first electrode and the second electrode selected from the light-emitting device.

[0485] Thin-film transistors may further include gate electrodes and / or gate insulating films, etc.

[0486] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous (e.g., non-crystalline) silicon, organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, etc.

[0487] The electronic device may further include a sealing portion to seal the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be located between the color filter and / or color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion allows light to be extracted from the light-emitting device to the outside, while simultaneously (e.g., synchronously) preventing ambient air and / or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device (or reducing the extent or occurrence of ambient air and / or moisture penetration into the light-emitting device). The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising a transparent (e.g., substantially transparent) glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer comprising at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. If (e.g., when) the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0488] In addition to color filters and / or color conversion layers, one or more suitable functional layers may be arranged or provided on the sealed portion, depending on the application of the electronic device. Non-limiting examples of functional layers may include a touchscreen layer and a polarizing layer. The touchscreen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touchscreen layer, a capacitive touchscreen layer, or an infrared touchscreen layer.

[0489] In addition to the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collector. The authentication device may be a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual, for example, by using biometric information from a living body (e.g., a fingertip and / or pupil).

[0490] Electronic devices may be applied to one or more suitable displays, light sources, lighting devices, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), portable telephones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, video game consoles, medical tools (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram displays, ultrasound diagnostic devices and / or endoscopic displays), fish finders, one or more suitable measuring tools, instruments (e.g., instruments for vehicles, aircraft and / or ships) and / or projectors, etc.

[0491] Electronic devices

[0492] The light-emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices.

[0493] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device including the light-emitting device may be at least one selected from flat panel displays, curved displays, computer monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, indoor lights, outdoor lights, signal lights, head-up displays, fully transparent displays, partially transparent displays, flexible displays, rollable displays, foldable displays, retractable displays, laser printers, telephones, portable telephones, tablet PCs, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, laptop computers, digital cameras, video cameras, viewfinders, microdisplays, 3D displays, virtual reality displays, augmented reality displays, vehicles, video walls with multiple displays spliced ​​together, theater screens, stadium screens, phototherapy devices, and signs.

[0494] Because light-emitting devices have excellent or adequate effects in terms of luminous efficiency and long lifespan, electronic devices that include light-emitting devices can have the characteristics of high brightness, high resolution and / or low power consumption.

[0495] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Description

[0496] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments.

[0497] Figure 2 The light-emitting device may include a substrate 100, a thin-film transistor (TFT), a light-emitting device, and a sealing portion 300 for sealing the light-emitting device.

[0498] The substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 may be on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 may prevent impurities from penetrating through the substrate 100 (or reduce the degree and occurrence of impurity penetration) and may provide a flat surface (e.g., a substantially flat surface) on the substrate 100.

[0499] The TFT may be located on the buffer layer 210. The TFT may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0500] The active layer 220 may include inorganic semiconductors (such as silicon and / or polysilicon), organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, and may include source regions, drain regions and channel regions.

[0501] A gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 may be on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 may be on the gate insulating film 230.

[0502] The interlayer insulating film 250 may be on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 may be between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate these electrodes from each other.

[0503] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 may be formed or provided to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be arranged or provided to contact the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220.

[0504] The TFT may be electrically connected to the light-emitting device to drive the light-emitting device and may be covered and protected by the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) film, an organic insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) film, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination). The light-emitting device may be provided on the passivation layer 280. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0505] The first electrode 110 may be on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may be arranged or provided to expose a part of the drain electrode 270 without completely covering the drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 may be arranged or provided to be connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0506] The pixel defining film 290 including an insulating material (e.g., an electrically insulating material) may be on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining film 290 may be used to expose a specific region of the first electrode 110, and the interlayer 130 may be in the exposed region of the first electrode 110. The pixel defining film 290 may be a polyimide-based organic film and / or a polyacrylic acid-based organic film. In one or more embodiments, at least one or more layers of the interlayer 130 may extend beyond the upper portion of the pixel defining film 290 to be arranged or provided in the form of a common layer.

[0507] The second electrode 150 may be arranged or provided on the interlayer 130, and a capping layer 170 may be further formed or provided on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may be formed or provided to cover the second electrode 150.

[0508] The sealing portion 300 may be on the capping layer 170. The sealing portion 300 may be on the light-emitting device to protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen (or reduce the degree or occurrence of moisture and / or oxygen infiltration into the light-emitting device). The sealing portion 300 may include: an inorganic film including silicon nitride (e.g., Si3N4 or SiN x , where 0 < x ≤ 2), silicon oxide (e.g., SiO x, where 0 < x ≤ 2; for example, SiO2), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination); an organic film, which includes polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyacrylic acid, etc.), epoxy resin (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.), or a combination thereof (e.g., any suitable combination); and / or a combination of an inorganic film and an organic film (e.g., any suitable combination).

[0509] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments.

[0510] Figure 3 The light-emitting device of Figure 2 may be substantially the same as the light-emitting device of Figure 3 except that the light-shielding pattern 500 and the functional region 400 are additionally on the sealing portion 300. The functional region 400 may be i) a color filter region, ii) a color conversion region, or iii) a combination of a color filter region and a color conversion region. In one or more embodiments,

[0511] Figure 4 description of

[0512] Figure 4This is a schematic perspective view illustrating an electronic device 1 including a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments. As a device for displaying moving and / or still images, electronic device 1 may be a portable electronic device (such as a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet PC, mobile communication terminal, e-notebook computer, e-reader, portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation device, or ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC)), and one or more suitable products (such as a television, laptop computer, monitor, billboard, or Internet of Things (IoT) device). Electronic device 1 may be such a product or a portion thereof as described in one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, electronic device 1 may be a wearable device (such as a smartwatch, watch phone, eyeglasses-type display, or head-mounted display (HMD)), or a portion thereof. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 1 may be a vehicle's dashboard, a center information display (CID) arranged on the center console or the vehicle's dashboard, an interior mirror display replacing the vehicle's side mirrors, a display for entertainment of the vehicle's rear seats or arranged on the back of the vehicle's front seats, a head-up display (HUD) mounted on the front of the vehicle or projected onto its windshield, or a computer-generated holographic augmented reality head-up display (CGH AR HUD). For ease of explanation, Figure 4 One or more embodiments of the electronic device 1 being a smartphone are explained.

[0513] Electronic device 1 may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA outside the display area DA (e.g., around the display area DA). The display device of electronic device 1 may implement an image by a two-dimensional arrangement or by providing a plurality of pixel arrays in the display area DA.

[0514] The non-display area NDA can be an area where no image is displayed, and can be entirely surrounding the display area DA (e.g., around the display area DA). Within the non-display area NDA, drivers for supplying electrical signals or power to display elements in the display area DA can be arranged or provided. Within the non-display area NDA, pads for electrically connecting electronic components or printed circuit boards can be arranged.

[0515] In electronic device 1, the length in the x-axis direction and the length in the y-axis direction may be different from each other. In one or more embodiments, such as Figure 4 As explained herein, the length in the x-axis direction may be less than the length in the y-axis direction. In one or more embodiments, the length in the x-axis direction may be substantially the same as the length in the y-axis direction. In one or more embodiments, the length in the x-axis direction may be greater than the length in the y-axis direction.

[0516] Figure 5 and Figures 6A to 6C Description

[0517] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the exterior of a vehicle 1000, which includes an electronic device including a light-emitting device, according to one or more embodiments. Figures 6A to 6C Each of the above is a schematic diagram of the interior of a vehicle 1000, which includes an electronic device including a light-emitting device, according to one or more embodiments.

[0518] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C Vehicle 1000 can refer to one or more suitable devices used to move an object (such as a person, object, and / or animal) from a point of origin to a point of destination. Vehicle 1000 can include vehicles that travel on roads or tracks, vessels that move on oceans or rivers, and / or aircraft that fly in the air using the action of air.

[0519] In one or more embodiments, vehicle 1000 can travel on roads or tracks. Vehicle 1000 can move in a certain direction according to the rotation of at least one wheel. In one or more embodiments, vehicle 1000 may include three-wheeled vehicles, four-wheeled vehicles, construction machinery, two-wheeled vehicles, prime movers, bicycles, and trains traveling on tracks.

[0520] Vehicle 1000 may include a body having an interior and an exterior, and a chassis, which may house driving-related mechanical equipment, as other parts besides the body of vehicle 1000. The exterior of the vehicle 1000's body may include a front panel, hood, roof panel, rear panel, trunk, and / or pillars provided at the boundaries between the doors. The chassis of vehicle 1000 may include a power generation unit, power transmission unit, drive unit, steering unit, braking unit, suspension unit, transmission unit, fuel system, front and rear wheels, and / or left and right wheels.

[0521] Vehicle 1000 may include side window glass 1100, front window glass 1200, side mirror 1300, instrument panel 1400, center console 1500, passenger seat instrument panel 1600 and display device 2.

[0522] The side window glass 1100 and the front window glass 1200 can be separated by a pillar arranged between the side window glass 1100 and the front window glass 1200.

[0523] Side window 1100 may be mounted on the side of vehicle 1000. In one or more embodiments, side window 1100 may be mounted on a door of vehicle 1000. Multiple side window 1100s may be provided and may face each other (e.g., opposite each other). In one or more embodiments, side window 1100 may include a first side window 1110 and a second side window 1120. In one or more embodiments, the first side window 1110 may be arranged adjacent to dashboard 1400. The second side window 1120 may be arranged adjacent to passenger seat dashboard 1600.

[0524] In one or more embodiments, the side window glass 1100 may be spaced apart and / or separated from each other in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction (e.g., the direction opposite to the x-axis direction). In one or more embodiments, the first side window glass 1110 and the second side window glass 1120 may be spaced apart and / or separated from each other in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction (e.g., the direction opposite to the x-axis direction). For example, an imaginary straight line L connecting the side window glass 1100 may extend in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction (e.g., the direction opposite to the x-axis direction). In one or more embodiments, an imaginary straight line L connecting the first side window glass 1110 and the second side window glass 1120 may extend in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction (e.g., the direction opposite to the x-axis direction).

[0525] The windshield 1200 may be installed at the front of the vehicle 1000. The windshield 1200 may be arranged between the side windows 1100 that are opposite to each other (e.g., facing each other).

[0526] The side mirror 1300 provides a rear view of the vehicle 1000. The side mirror 1300 may be mounted on the exterior of the vehicle body. In one or more embodiments, a plurality of side mirrors 1300 may be provided. Another of the plurality of side mirrors 1300 may be disposed outside the first side window 1110. Another of the plurality of side mirrors 1300 may be disposed outside the second side window 1120.

[0527] The instrument panel 1400 may be positioned in front of the steering wheel. The instrument panel 1400 may include a tachometer, speedometer, coolant temperature gauge, fuel gauge, turn signal indicator, high beam indicator, warning lights, seat belt warning lights, odometer, speedometer, automatic shift lever selection indicator, door opening warning light, oil warning light and / or low fuel warning light.

[0528] The center console 1500 may include a control panel with multiple buttons for adjusting audio devices, air conditioning devices, and / or seat heaters. The center console 1500 may be located on one side of the instrument panel 1400.

[0529] The passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be spaced apart from and / or separated from the instrument cluster 1400 (e.g., spaced apart or separate), and the center console 1500 may be arranged between the instrument cluster 1400 and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600. In one or more embodiments, the instrument cluster 1400 may be arranged corresponding to the driver's seat, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be arranged corresponding to the passenger seat. In one or more embodiments, the instrument cluster 1400 may be adjacent to a first side window 1110, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be adjacent to a second side window 1120.

[0530] In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may include a display panel 3, and the display panel 3 may be used to display images. The display device 2 may be arranged inside the vehicle 1000. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be arranged between side window glass 1100s that are opposite to each other (e.g., facing each other). The display device 2 may be arranged on at least one selected from the instrument panel 1400, the center console 1500, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600.

[0531] Display device 2 may include organic light-emitting display devices, inorganic electroluminescent display devices, and / or quantum dot display devices, etc. Hereinafter, as an example of display device 2 according to one or more embodiments, an organic light-emitting display device including a light-emitting device will be described in more detail; however, one or more suitable types (categories) of display devices as described in one or more embodiments may be used in the embodiments.

[0532] refer to Figure 6A The display device 2 may be mounted on the center console 1500. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be used to display navigation information. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be used to display information about audio settings, video settings, and / or vehicle settings.

[0533] refer to Figure 6B The display device 2 can be arranged on the instrument panel 1400. In one or more embodiments, the instrument panel 1400 can be used to display driving information, etc., via the display device 2. For example, the instrument panel 1400 can be used to digitize driving information, etc. The digital instrument panel 1400 can be used to digitize and display vehicle information and driving information as images. In one or more embodiments, the tachometer pointer and gauges, as well as one or more appropriate warning light icons, can be displayed via digital signals.

[0534] refer to Figure 6CThe display device 2 may be disposed on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600. The display device 2 may be embedded in or disposed on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be used to display images related to the information displayed on the instrument panel 1400 and / or the information displayed on the center console 1500. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be used to display information different from the information displayed on the instrument panel 1400 and / or the information displayed on the center console 1500.

[0535] Manufacturing method

[0536] The layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the electron transport region can each be formed or arranged in a specific region using one or more appropriate methods (such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Brookett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and / or laser-induced thermal imaging).

[0537] If (for example, when) the layer constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region are each formed or arranged by vacuum deposition, the deposition can be carried out at a deposition temperature in the range of about 100°C to about 500°C, within a range of about 10 -8 To about 10 -3 Vacuum degree within the range and in approximately / seconds to approximately The deposition is carried out at a rate in the range of / second, depending on the material to be included in the layer to be formed or arranged and the structure of the layer to be formed or arranged.

[0538] Terminology limitations

[0539] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 60 "Carbocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group comprising only carbon atoms as cyclic atoms (e.g., composed solely of carbon atoms as cyclic atoms) and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein by the term "C1-C". 60 A "heterocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including heteroatoms as cyclic atoms in addition to carbon atoms. (C3-C) 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group can be a monocyclic group comprising one ring (e.g., composed of one ring) or a polycyclic group in which two or more rings are fused together. In one or more embodiments, C1-C 60 The number of cyclic atoms in a heterocyclic group can range from 3 to 61.

[0540] As used herein, the term "cyclic group" may (e.g., simultaneously) include C3-C60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 Both heterocyclic groups.

[0541] As used in this article, “π-electron-rich C3-C” 60 "Cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and excluding *-N=*' as a cyclic moiety, and as used herein, "a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons". 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including *-N=*' as a cyclic moiety.

[0542] In one or more embodiments,

[0543] C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be i) group T1 or ii) two or more fused-ring groups selected from group T1 (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornel, phenyl, pentaenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indaryl, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenantyl, peryl, penfenyl, heptaenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubiginyl, keratyl, ovoleyl, indole, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[fluorenyl], ind[phenantyl], or ind[anthrayl).

[0544] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group may be i) group T2, ii) two or more fused-ring groups selected from group T2, or iii) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, indocarbazole, indolecarbazole, benzofuranocarbazole, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzoindocarbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzyl... and furan-dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene, pyrazolyl, imidazole, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, Benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cenolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazoyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, and / or azadibenzofuranyl, etc.

[0545] C3-C rich in π electrons 60 The cyclic group may be i) group T1, ii) two or more fused cyclic groups selected from group T1, iii) group T3, iv) two or more fused cyclic groups selected from group T3, or v) a fused cyclic group in which at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., C3-C). 60 Carbocyclic, 1H-pyrrole, thiorrole, borocyclopentadienyl, 2H-pyrrole, 3H-pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiorrole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiorrole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, indole-carbazole, indole-carbazole, benzofuran-carbazole, benzothiophene-carbazole, benzothiorrole-carbazole, benzoindole-carbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthorrole, benzofuran-dibenzofuranyl, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene and / or benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene, etc.

[0546] Nitrogen-containing C1-C lacking π electrons 60The heterocyclic group may be i) group T4, ii) two or more fused-ring groups selected from group T4, iii) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 are fused together, iv) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 are fused together, or v) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1 and at least one group T3 are fused together (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzo[a]pyrazolyl Azolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisoxiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinel, cenolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl and / or azadibenzofuranyl, etc.

[0547] Group T1 can be cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), norbornyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, or phenyl.

[0548] The group T2 can be furanyl, thiopheneyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, thiopheneyl, borocyclopentadienyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azathiazolyl, azaboracyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, tetraazinyl, pyrrolylalkyl, imidazolyl, dihydropyrrolyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, dihydropyridinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyrazinyl, dihydropyrazinyl, tetrahydropyrazinyl, or dihydropyrazinyl.

[0549] Group T3 can be furanyl, thiophene, 1H-pyrrole, thiophene, or borocyclopentadienyl, and

[0550] The group T4 can be 2H-pyrrole, 3H-pyrrole, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, azirthiolyl, aziboranecyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetraazinyl.

[0551] As used in this article, the terms "cyclic group" and "C3-C" are similar to those used in other documents. 60 "Carbocyclic group", "C1-C" 60 Heterocyclic groups, π-electron-rich C3-C 60 "Cyclic groups" or "nitrogen-containing C1-C groups lacking π electrons" 60 "Heterocyclic group" can refer to a group fused with any cyclic group, monovalent group, or polyvalent group (e.g., divalent, trivalent, and / or tetravalent groups, etc.) according to the structure of the formula using the corresponding term. In one or more embodiments, "phenyl" can be benzo[a], phenyl, and / or phenylene, etc., which can be readily understood by those skilled in the art based on the structure of a formula including "phenyl".

[0552] Unit price C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and monovalent C1-C 60 A non-limiting example of a heterocyclic group could be C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and divalent C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and divalent C1-C 60 A non-limiting example of a heterocyclic group could be C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 Hypoaryl, divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups and divalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0553] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkyl" refers to a monovalent group of a straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodel, sec-decyl, and tert-decyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein is also relevant. 60 "alkylene" refers to C1-C 60Alkyl groups have essentially the same structure as divalent groups.

[0554] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60 The alkyl group has at least one carbon-carbon double bond at its middle or end, and non-limiting examples include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Alkenyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkenes are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0555] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 The alkyl group has at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the end, and non-limiting examples include ethynyl and propynyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Immyneyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkynes are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0556] The term "C1-C" as used in this article 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 Alkyl groups are monovalent groups, and non-limiting examples include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0557] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples may include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantylyl (or adamantyl), norbornyl (or norbornyl) (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl and / or bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, etc. The term "C3-C" as used herein... 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0558] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that further includes at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to a carbon atom, and non-limiting examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein is also used. 10"Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0559] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring, and being non-aromatic, and non-limiting examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. The term "C3-C" as used herein is also relevant. 10 "Biopylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0560] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which includes at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to a carbon atom and has at least one double bond in its ring. C1-C 10 Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups are 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0561] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein in the term "C6-C". 60 "Arylene" refers to a divalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, pentanenyl, naphthyl, azulel, indole, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentanenyl, heptanenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubiginyl, myristyl, and ovoleyl. If (for example, when) C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can fused together.

[0562] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group in a heterocyclic aromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms. The term "C1-C" is used herein. 60"Hypo-heteroaryl" refers to a divalent group in a heterocyclic aromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzo[a]quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[a]isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[a]quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzo[a]quinazolinyl, cenyl, phenanthrolinel, phthalazinyl, and naphthidyl. If (for example, when) C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can fused together.

[0563] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, with only carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms, and which, if considered as a whole, is not aromatic in its molecular structure. Non-limiting examples of monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups are indenyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, indo[a]phenanthryl, and indo[a]anthrayl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0564] As used herein, the term “monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group” refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, further comprising at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and having no aromaticity in its molecular structure if (e.g., when) considered as a whole. Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups include pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazole, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, and thiadiazole. The terms "divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group" as used herein refer to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group.

[0565] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0566] As used in this article, the term "C7-C" 60 "Aryl group" refers to -A 104 A 105 (where A) 104 For C1-C 54 Alkylene, and A 105 For C6-C 59 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C2-C 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to -A 106 A 107 (where A) 106For C1-C 59 Alkylene, and A 107 For C1-C 59 (Miscellaneous aromatics).

[0567] As used in this article, the term "R" 10a "Can be:

[0568] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0569] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or (e.g., any suitable) combination thereof;

[0570] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 Its (e.g., any suitable) combination; or

[0571] -O(Q 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ).

[0572] The Q1 to Q3, Q used in this article 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or each of the following unsubstituted or deuterated, -F, cyano, C1-C60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any suitable combination thereof. 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0573] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" refers to an atom other than carbon and hydrogen atoms. Non-limiting examples of heteroatoms are O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0574] As used herein, the term "transition metals" includes hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), and / or gold (Au), etc.

[0575] As used herein, “Ph” refers to phenyl, “Me” refers to methyl, “Et” refers to ethyl, and “tert-Bu” or “Bu” refers to ethyl. t "Refers to tert-butyl, and as used herein, "OMe" refers to methyl methacrylate (MMA). "D" indicates deuterium.

[0576] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has been substituted with a phenyl group. For example, "biphenyl" can be a phenyl group having a C6-C2 configuration. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0577] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a "phenyl group substituted with biphenyl." For example, "terphenyl" is a phenyl group having a biphenyl-substituted molecule. 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0578] Unless otherwise specified, as used herein, * and *' each refer to the bonding site with an adjacent atom in the corresponding formula or part.

[0579] As used herein, the “x-axis,” “y-axis,” and “z-axis” are not limited to the three axes in an orthogonal coordinate system and can be interpreted in a broader sense than the three axes in an orthogonal coordinate system described above. For example, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis can describe axes that are orthogonal to each other, or they can describe axes in different directions that are not orthogonal to each other.

[0580] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 60 "Carbocyclic group" includes C3-C 50 carbonyl group, C3-C 40carbonyl group, C3-C 30 carbonyl group, C3-C 20 carbonyl group or C3-C 10 carbon cyclo group;

[0581] The term "C1-C" 60 "Heterocyclic groups" include C1-C 50 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 40 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 20 Heterocyclic groups or C1-C 10 Heterocyclic groups;

[0582] The term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" includes C1-C 50 Alkyl, C1-C 30 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkyl or C1-C 10 alkyl;

[0583] The term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" includes C2-C 30 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl or C2-C 10 alkenyl;

[0584] The term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" includes C2-C 30 alkynyl group, C2-C 20 Alkyne group or C2-C 10 alkynyl group;

[0585] The term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" includes C1-C 30 Alkoxy, C1-C 20 Alkoxy or C1-C 10 Alkoxy;

[0586] The term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" includes C6-C 50 Aryl, C6-C 40 Aryl, C6-C 30 Aryl, C6-C 20 Aryl or C6-C 15 Aryl;

[0587] The term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroary aryl" includes C1-C 50 heteroaryl, C1-C 40 heteroaryl, C1-C 30 heteroaryl, C1-C 20 heteroaryl or C1-C 10 Mixed aromatics;

[0588] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" includes C8-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 50 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 40 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 30 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups or C8-C 20 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups;

[0589] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group" includes C1-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 50 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 40 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 30 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups or C1-C 20 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups;

[0590] The term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy groups" include C6-C 50 Aryloxy group, C6-C 40 Aryloxy group, C6-C 30 Aryloxy group, C6-C 20 aryloxy or C6-C 15 aryloxy;

[0591] The term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" includes C6-C 50 Arylthio, C6-C 40 Arylthio, C6-C 30 Arylthio, C6-C 20 Aryl thiols or C6-C 15 Arylthio;

[0592] The term "C7-C" 60 "Aryl" includes C7-C 50 Aryl group, C7-C 40 Aryl group, C7-C 30 Aryl group, C7-C 20 Aryl or C7-C 15 Aryl alkyl groups; and

[0593] The term "C2-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" includes C2-C 50 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 40 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 30 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 20 Heteroaryl or C2-C15 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

[0594] In this specification, "integers selected from 0 to 20" refers to integers selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20. The above description of numerical ranges also applies to any other numerical ranges appearing in this specification, such as integers selected from 0 and 1, integers selected from 0 to 2, integers selected from 0 to 3, integers selected from 0 to 4, integers selected from 0 to 5, integers selected from 0 to 6, integers selected from 0 to 7, integers selected from 0 to 8, integers selected from 0 to 9, integers selected from 0 to 10, integers selected from 0 to 11, integers selected from 0 to 12, integers selected from 0 to 13, integers selected from 0 to 14, integers selected from 0 to 15, integers selected from 0 to 16, integers selected from 0 to 17, integers selected from 0 to 18, and integers selected from 0 to 19, etc.

[0595] The compounds according to one or more embodiments and the light-emitting devices according to one or more embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to the following synthesis examples and embodiments. The phrase "using B instead of A" used in describing the synthesis examples means using substantially the same molar equivalent of B instead of A.

[0596] Example

[0597] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

[0598]

[0599] 1) Synthesis of intermediate [1-A]

[0600] 8.65 g (25.0 mmol) of 2-bromo-1-fluoro-3-iodo-4-nitrobenzene, 3.05 g (25.0 mmol) of phenylboronic acid, 1.44 g (1.25 mmol) of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)(Pd(Ph3)4), and 10.4 g (75.0 mmol) of potassium carbonate were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 250 mL of toluene under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 110 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 4.53 g (15.3 mmol) of the target compound.

[0601] 2) Synthesis of intermediate [1-B]

[0602] 4.53 g (15.3 mmol) of intermediate [1-A] and 8.03 g (30.6 mmol) of triphenylphosphine (PPh3) were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 150 mL of o-dichlorobenzene (oDCB; or 1,2-dichlorobenzene) under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 190 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.37 g (5.20 mmol) of the target compound.

[0603] 3) Synthesis of intermediate [1-C]

[0604] 1.37 g (5.20 mmol) of intermediate [1-B], 1.17 g (5.72 mmol) of iodobenzene, 240 mg (0.26 mmol) of tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (Pd2(dba3)), 210 mg (0.52 mmol) of dicyclohexyl(2',6'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (S-Phos), and 1.50 g (15.6 mmol) of sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu) were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 50 mL of toluene under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 110 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.40 g (4.11 mmol) of the target compound.

[0605] 4) Synthesis of intermediate [1-D]

[0606] 1.40 g (4.11 mmol) of intermediate [1-C], 760 mg (4.52 mmol) of 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole, 190 mg (0.21 mmol) of tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium, 170 mg (0.41 mmol) of S-Phos, and 1.18 g (12.3 mmol) of sodium tert-butoxide were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 40 mL of toluene under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 110 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.27 g (2.96 mmol) of the target compound.

[0607] 5) Synthesis of Compound 1

[0608] 1.27 g (2.96 mmol) of intermediate [1-D], 740 mg (4.44 mmol) of carbazole, and 2.89 g (8.88 mmol) of cesium carbonate were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 30 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 160 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.02 g (1.78 mmol) of the target compound.

[0609] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 3

[0610]

[0611] 930 mg (1.61 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that 5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole was used instead of 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole.

[0612] Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 5

[0613]

[0614] 980 mg (1.70 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that 5H-pyrrolo[3,2-c:4,5-c']dipyridine was used instead of 9H-pyridolo[2,3-b]indole.

[0615] Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 19

[0616]

[0617] 1.13 g (1.74 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that 2-iodo-6-phenylpyridine was used instead of iodobenzene.

[0618] Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 26

[0619]

[0620] 970 mg (1.69 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that carbazole was used instead of 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole, and 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole was used instead of carbazole.

[0621] Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 51

[0622]

[0623] 1) Synthesis of intermediate [51-A]

[0624] 1.32 g (5.0 mmol) of 2-bromo-3-fluoro-9H-carbazole, 1.12 g (5.5 mmol) of iodobenzene, 230 mg (0.25 mmol) of tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium, 210 mg (0.50 mmol) of S-Phos, and 1.44 g (15.0 mmol) of sodium tert-butoxide were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 50 mL of toluene under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 110 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.41 g (4.15 mmol) of the target compound.

[0625] 2) Synthesis of intermediate [51-B]

[0626] 1.41 g (4.15 mmol) of intermediate [51-A], 770 mg (4.57 mmol) of 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole, 190 mg (0.21 mmol) of tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium, 180 mg (0.42 mmol) of S-Phos, and 1.20 g (12.5 mmol) of sodium tert-butoxide were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 40 mL of toluene under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 110 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.39 g (3.24 mmol) of the target compound.

[0627] 3) Synthesis of compound 51

[0628] 1.39 g (3.24 mmol) of intermediate [51-B], 810 mg (4.86 mmol) of carbazole, and 3.16 g (9.72 mmol) of cesium carbonate were placed in a reaction vessel and suspended in 30 mL of DMF under reflux. The reaction temperature was raised to 160 °C and stirred overnight. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracted organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. After solvent removal, the residue was separated by column chromatography to obtain 1.10 g (1.91 mmol) of the target compound.

[0629] Synthesis Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 76

[0630]

[0631] 1.04 g (1.81 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 8, except that carbazole was used instead of 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole, and 9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole was used instead of carbazole.

[0632] Synthesis Example 8: Synthesis of Compound 162

[0633]

[0634] 1.13 g (1.92 mmol) of the target compound was obtained using essentially the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that iodobenzene-D5 was used instead of iodobenzene and carbazole-D8 was used instead of carbazole.

[0635] Table 1

[0636]

[0637] Example 1

[0638] Corning's 15Ω / cm 2 The ITO glass substrate was cut to a size of 50mm×50mm×0.5mm, ultrasonically cleaned with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, cleaned by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozone exposure for 30 minutes, and then installed in a vacuum deposition equipment.

[0639] On the substrate, HAT-CN is first deposited to form a structure with... A hole injection layer of thickness was formed, followed by vacuum deposition of BCFN as the first hole transport material onto the substrate. The thickness, and then vacuum deposited SiCzCz as the second hole transport compound onto The thickness is increased to form a hole transport layer.

[0640] On the hole transport layer, compound 1 and SiTrzCz2 as the host materials, and PtON-TBBI as the phosphorescent dopant, were co-deposited in a weight ratio of 60:27:13 to form a layer with… The thickness of the emission layer.

[0641] Subsequently, mSiTrz is deposited on the emitter layer to form a structure with... A first electron transport layer of thickness was formed, followed by co-deposition of mSiTrz and lithium 8-hydroxyquinoline (Liq) in a 1:1 weight ratio to form a structure with... A second electron transport layer of a certain thickness is formed to create an electron transport layer. Lithium fluoride (LiF), an alkali metal halide, is deposited on the electron transport layer to form an electron transport layer with... An electron-injected layer of a certain thickness was formed, and Al was vacuum-deposited to create a layer with... Electrodes of varying thickness are used to complete the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0642] The material used in the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments can be represented by the following formula:

[0643]

[0644] Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7

[0645] The light-emitting device was manufactured in essentially the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 1 were used instead of compound 1 when forming the emitting layer.

[0646] Evaluation Example 1

[0647] Measurements were taken of the light-emitting devices according to Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 at 10 mA / cm². 2 The driving voltage and maximum quantum efficiency at the current density were measured. The driving voltage of the light-emitting device was measured using a source meter (Keithley Instrument, 2400 series), and the maximum quantum efficiency was measured using an external quantum efficiency measuring device (Hamamatsu Photonics, C9920-2-12). In evaluating the maximum quantum efficiency, a luminance / current density ratio was measured using a luminance meter calibrated for wavelength sensitivity, and the maximum quantum efficiency was calculated assuming a Lambertian angle luminance distribution based on an ideal diffuse reflective surface. The values ​​were then expressed as a relative color conversion efficiency ratio, normalized to 100 with reference to the color conversion efficiency of Comparative Example 1. The relative lifetime was expressed as the time required for the luminance to decrease to 95% of its initial luminance, normalized to 100 with reference to the lifetime of Comparative Example 1. The performance evaluation results of the light-emitting device are shown in Table 2.

[0648] Table 2

[0649]

[0650]

[0651]

[0652] Referring to the results in Table 2, compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 8 each exhibited low or equal driving voltage and excellent lifespan.

[0653] Light-emitting devices, including those containing heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1, can have low driving voltage, high efficiency, and long lifespan. Furthermore, high-quality electronic devices and consumer products (e.g., electronic devices) can be manufactured using light-emitting devices.

[0654] For example, compared to the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 8 each exhibited lower driving voltages and superior lifespans. Specifically, the driving voltages of the examples were in the range of 4.4V to 4.8V, which is significantly lower than the 5.0V to 5.3V observed in the comparative examples. This reduction in driving voltage indicates higher energy efficiency, which is a key factor in the performance and lifespan of the light-emitting device.

[0655] Furthermore, the lifetime ratio of the embodiments is significantly higher; Example 8 shows a highest lifetime ratio of 136 compared to the baseline 100 set by Comparative Example 1. This improvement in lifetime can be attributed to the enhanced molecular structure of the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 used in the embodiments, which enhances the stability and durability of the emission layer. The color conversion efficiency ratio is also superior, with values ​​ranging from 108 to 125, indicating better performance in terms of light output and color quality.

[0656] Light-emitting devices comprising heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 can exhibit low driving voltage, high efficiency, and long lifespan. Furthermore, high-quality electronic devices and consumer products (e.g., electronic devices) can be manufactured using these light-emitting devices. These advantages make the heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 described in this disclosure ideally suited for advanced display technologies and other applications requiring efficient and durable light-emitting devices.

[0657] The light-emitting device, display device, electronic device, electronic device, or means for manufacturing substantially the same and / or any other related device or component according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., application-specific integrated circuit), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware (e.g., any suitable). For example, one or more components of the device may be provided on an integrated circuit (IC) chip or formed on separate IC chips. Further, one or more components of the device may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape-mount package, and / or a printed circuit board (PCB), or provided on a substrate. Further, one or more components of the device may be a process or thread running on one or more processors in one or more computing devices, executing computer program instructions and interacting with other system components to perform one or more functions described herein. The computer program instructions may be stored in memory, which may be implemented using standard memory devices (e.g., random access memory (RAM)) in the computing device. The computer program instructions may also be stored in other non-transitory computer-readable media, such as CD-ROMs and / or flash drives. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the functions of various computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a particular computing device can be distributed across one or more other computing devices.

[0658] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only and are not intended for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should generally be taken into account for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although the subject matter of this disclosure has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that one or more suitable changes in form and further detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, comprising: First electrode; A second electrode opposite to the first electrode; An interlayer comprising an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; as well as Heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 In Equation 1, X 41 For N or C(R) 41 ), X 42 For N or C(R) 42 ), X 43 For N or C(R) 43 ), X 44 For N or C(R) 44 ), X 51 For N or C(R) 51 ), X 52 For N or C(R) 52 ), X 53 For N or C(R) 53 ), and X 54 For N or C(R) 54 ), Selected from X 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 At least one of them is N, Ring A1 is C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, a1 is an integer selected from 0 to 5. L1 is unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, When a1 is 0, *-(L1) a1 -*' represents a single key. b2 is an integer selected from 0 to 2. b3 is an integer selected from 0 to 10. R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each of these groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Replacement C7-C 60 Aryl groups, -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) or -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2), Selected from R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Two or more adjacent elements are optionally bonded together to form an unsubstituted or R-shaped structure. 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, R 10a for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -O(Q 31 )、-S(Q 31 )、-Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-P(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 )或-P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each independently is: Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy; or Each of the unsubstituted or replaced groups (deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C) 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

2. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The interlayer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emitter layer, and an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode. The hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and The electron transport region includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

3. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The emitter layer comprises the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

4. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The emitter layer comprises a host and a dopant, and The main body includes the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

5. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: The first capping layer on the outside of the first electrode and / or the second capping layer on the outside of the second electrode. The first capping layer and / or the second capping layer comprise the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

6. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The emitting layer emits blue light.

7. An electronic device comprising a light-emitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, further comprising: Thin-film transistors electrically connected to the light-emitting device; and Color filters, color conversion layers, touchscreen layers, polarizing layers, or any combination thereof.

9. An electronic device comprising a light-emitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein: The electronic device is selected from at least one of the following: flat panel display, curved display, computer monitor, medical monitor, television, billboard, indoor light, outdoor light, signal light, head-up display, fully transparent display, partially transparent display, flexible display, rollable display, foldable display, retractable display, laser printer, telephone, portable telephone, tablet PC, tablet computer, personal digital assistant, wearable device, laptop computer, digital camera, camcorder, viewfinder, microdisplay, 3D display, virtual reality display, augmented reality display, vehicle, video wall with multiple displays spliced ​​together, theater screen, stadium screen, phototherapy device, and signboard.

11. A heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 in, In Equation 1, X 41 For N or C(R) 41 ), X 42 For N or C(R) 42 ), X 43 For N or C(R) 43 ), X 44 For N or C(R) 44 ), X 51 For N or C(R) 51 ), X 52 For N or C(R) 52 ), X 53 For N or C(R) 53 ), and X 54 For N or C(R) 54 ), Selected from X 41 To X 44 and X 51 To X 54 At least one of them is N, Ring A1 is C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, a1 is an integer selected from 0 to 5. L1 is unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, When a1 is 0, *-(L1) a1 -*' represents a single key. b2 is an integer selected from 0 to 2. b3 is an integer selected from 0 to 10. R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each of these groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryloxy, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 Aryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heteroaryl thiols, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Replacement C7-C 60 Aryl groups, -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) or -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2), Selected from R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Two or more adjacent elements are optionally bonded together to form an unsubstituted or R-shaped structure. 10a Replacement C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, R 10a for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy or C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy, C1-C 60 heteroaryl thiols, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -O(Q 31 )、-S(Q 31 )、-Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-P(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 )或-P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each independently is: Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy; or Each of the unsubstituted or replaced groups (deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C) 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroaryl alkyl groups.

12. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: Ring A1 can be phenyl, naphthyl, anthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, acenaphthene, perylene, benzo[pyrene], benzo[1,2-benzo[phenanthrene], benzo[triphenylene], fluoranthracene, myristyl, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, acridine, thiophene, furanyl, indolyl, benzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, benzophosphane heterocyclopentadienyl, indene, benzothiophene, benzogermanone heterocyclopentadienyl, benzothiophene, benzo[selenyl], benzofuranyl. Benzotelluryl, carbazole, dibenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, dibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzotelluryl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, 9H-fluoren-9-one, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, azabenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azaindenyl, azabenzothiophene Azabenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiopheneyl, azabenzoseleneneyl, azabenzofuranyl, azacarbazoyl, azadibenzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, azadibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzoseleneneyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene-5-oxide, aza-9H-fluoren-9-one, azadibenzothiophene-5,5 -dioxide group, pyridinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, phenanthrolineyl group, pyrroleyl group, pyrazolyl group, imidazoleyl group, triazolyl group, oxazolyl group, isoxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, isothiazolyl group, oxadiazolyl group, thiazolyl group, benzopyrazolyl group, benzimidazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, benzoxadiazolyl group, benzoxadiazolyl group, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl group or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl group.

13. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: Ring A1 is phenyl or naphthyl.

14. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: L1 represents each of the unsubstituted or R-values. 10a Substituted phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthrene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoboranecyclopentadienyl, benzophoscyclopentadienyl, indene, benzothiophene, benzogermanium cyclopentadienyl, benzothiophene, benzoselenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzoboranecyclopentadienyl, dibenzophoscyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl Dibenzothiophene, dibenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, dibenzothiophene, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene-5-oxide, 9H-fluorene-9-one, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azaindenyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzoselenyl Azabenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzoboronecyclopentadienyl, azadibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzogermanonecyclopentadienyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene-5-oxide, aza-9H-fluoren-9-one, azadibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl Pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrolineyl, pyrroleyl, pyrazolyl, imidazoleyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl, and R 10a Same as that defined in Equation 1.

15. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: L1 is any one of the groups represented by formulas 3-1 to 3-28: Furthermore, in equations 3-1 to 3-28, R 10a Same as that defined in Equation 1, c1 is either 0 or 1. c2 is an integer selected from 0 to 2. c3 is an integer selected from 0 to 3. c4 is an integer selected from 0 to 4. c6 is an integer selected from 0 to 6, and * and *' each indicate the bonding site with the adjacent atom.

16. The heterocyclic compound of claim 15, wherein: L1 is a group represented by any one of formulas 3-1 to 3-3 and 3-14 to 3-17.

17. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: R1 to R3, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Each of the following can be independently identified as: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl or C1-C 20 Alkoxy; Each of the C1-Cs that is not substituted or is substituted by the following 20 Alkyl or the C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, or any combination thereof; Each of the following unsubstituted or substituted compounds: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, (C1-C) 10 Alkyl)phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenylene, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benziisothiazolyl, Benzooxazolyl, Benzoisooxazolyl, Triazolyl, Tetrazolyl, Oxadiazolyl, Triazinyl, Dibenzofuranyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Benzocarbazoyl, Dibenzocarbazoyl, Imidazolopyridyl, Imidazolopyrimidinyl, Azacarbazoyl, Azadibenzofuranyl, Azadibenzothiophenyl, Azafluorenyl or Azadibenzothiophenyl: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, Hydroxyl, Cyano, Nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, (C1-C) 10 Alkyl)phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenylene, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindole, indole, inzolyl, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl Quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthroline, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiaphenyl, benzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, -O(Q) 31 -S(Q) 31 ), -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 -P(=O)(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) or any combination thereof; or -C(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and Q1 to Q3 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkyl groups; or each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C substituted with alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

18. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: The heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is a compound represented by Formula 1A: Formula 1A and In Equation 1A, X 41 To X 44 X 51 To X 54 a1, L1, b2, R1, R2, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Same as that defined in Equation 1, and R 31 To R 34 Each is the same as that defined by reference R3 in Equation 1.

19. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: The heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is a compound selected from any one of Formulas 1-1 to 1-6: Equation 1-1 Formula 1-2 Formula 1-3 Formula 1-4 Formula 1-5 Formula 1-6 and Among them, in equations 1-1 to 1-6, X 41 To X 44 X 51 To X 54 a1, L1, R1, R 41 To R 44 R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 64 and R 71 To R 74 Same as that defined in Equation 1, R 21 To R 24 Each is the same as that defined by reference R2 in Equation 1, and R 31 To R 34 Each is the same as that defined by reference R3 in Equation 1.

20. The heterocyclic compound of claim 11, wherein: The heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 is selected from any one of compounds 1 to 170:

Images