A borehole surveying apparatus and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of engineering surveying technology, specifically to an inclinometer and measurement method capable of automatic reversal. The inclinometer includes a support frame, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a housing, and a sensor. The first sleeve is fixed to the support frame, and the second sleeve is fitted inside the first sleeve, allowing the second sleeve to move axially along the first sleeve. A guide component is provided on the inner wall of the second sleeve, and the sensor is housed inside the second sleeve, moving along the guide component. A reversal guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the second sleeve, and a guide pin is provided on the inner wall of the first sleeve. The second sleeve moves axially relative to the first sleeve, and through the cooperation of the guide pin and the reversal guide groove, the second sleeve rotates alternately by a predetermined angle in both forward and reverse directions around its axial direction. This invention can automatically complete the sensor reversal operation, improving reversal efficiency, shortening the duration of the entire measurement process, reducing time drift, and improving measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering surveying technology, and in particular to an inclinometer and surveying method capable of automatic reversal. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering surveying, inclinometers are often used to monitor deep geological horizontal movements, and are mainly used for monitoring structures such as deep foundation pits, slopes, and reservoir dams.

[0003] In the monitoring industry, inclinometers are generally used to measure deep horizontal displacement of soil. The principle is that an inclinometer, via a connecting rope, moves a sensor containing an angle chip inside a clinometer tube. Angle readings are measured at regular intervals (typically 500mm), and multiple sets of angle readings are obtained. The deformation of the clinometer tube is then calculated using a formula, leading to the determination of the deep horizontal displacement of the soil. To ensure the sensor does not rotate inside the clinometer tube and moves continuously along its axis, a guide pulley is installed on the sensor. During measurement, the guide pulley moves within a guide groove in the clinometer tube.

[0004] When measuring soil deformation with an inclinometer, measurements need to be taken in both directions to improve accuracy. That is, the entire measurement process requires first selecting one direction for measurement, then rotating the sensor 180°, and taking another measurement. Finally, the final result is obtained by calculating the measurement data from both directions.

[0005] However, in existing technologies, the reversal operation of an inclinometer requires manual removal of the sensor from the inclinometer tube, rotation by 180°, and then reinsertion. This manual operation is not only inconvenient but also time-consuming. Due to the extended measurement duration, the inclinometer is susceptible to interference from temperature and humidity changes, leading to time drift and ultimately reducing measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem in existing inclinometers where the reversal depends on manual operation, leading to excessively long measurement times, time drift, and ultimately reduced measurement accuracy. Therefore, this invention provides an inclinometer and measurement method capable of automatic reversal.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal, comprising a support frame, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a housing, and a sensor. The housing is mounted on the top of the support frame, the first sleeve is fixed on the support frame, the second sleeve is sleeved inside the first sleeve, the second sleeve is movable along the axial direction of the first sleeve, and the first sleeve is used for coaxial docking with the inclinometer tube.

[0008] The inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with a guide component, which is arranged along the axial direction of the second sleeve. The interior of the second sleeve is used to accommodate the sensor, which can move along the guide component. The outer wall of the second sleeve is provided with a reversing guide groove, and the inner wall of the first sleeve is provided with a guide pin, which can be assembled with the reversing guide groove. The second sleeve moves axially relative to the first sleeve and, through the cooperation of the guide pin and the reversing guide groove, allows the second sleeve to rotate alternately by a predetermined angle in both positive and negative directions around the axial direction of the second sleeve.

[0009] The predetermined angle can be set according to actual needs, specifically 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°.

[0010] Guide pulleys are arranged on opposite sides of the sensor. These guide pulleys serve to guide and position the sensor, ensuring that it moves along the centerline of the inclinometer tube. The inclinometer tube typically has two symmetrical guide grooves inside. The guide pulleys, in cooperation with these grooves, confine the sensor to the centerline of the inclinometer tube, preventing it from shifting, shaking, or rotating.

[0011] The chassis houses key components such as measurement circuits, data processing units, and display interfaces.

[0012] This invention provides an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal. A support frame is used to mount the housing and the first sleeve, and the support frame is positioned at the inlet of the inclinometer tube. The interior of the first sleeve houses the second sleeve, and the interior of the second sleeve accommodates the sensor. The first sleeve is coaxially aligned with the inclinometer tube to ensure the sensor can move between the second sleeve and the inclinometer tube. The inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with a guide component arranged axially along the second sleeve. The guide component cooperates with a guide pulley of the sensor to ensure the sensor can move along the guide component and to restrict relative rotation between the sensor and the second sleeve; that is, when the second sleeve rotates around its own axis, the sensor will also rotate synchronously with the second sleeve. The guide component extends to the bottom of the second sleeve to ensure that the sensor can smoothly enter the second sleeve through the cooperation of the guide pulley and the guide component. When the sensor is pulled up or lowered inside the second sleeve, it can cause the second sleeve to move up and down axially along the first sleeve. The reversing guide groove on the outer wall of the second sleeve engages with the guide pin on the inner wall of the first sleeve, meaning the guide pin can be embedded in the reversing guide groove. Their interaction provides a foundation for subsequent motion transmission and conversion. When the second sleeve moves up and down within the first sleeve, the reversing guide groove can move relative to the guide pin. From a different reference frame, using the reversing guide groove as the reference frame, the guide pin can move along the reversing guide groove. The path arrangement of the reversing guide groove needs to ensure that during the axial movement of the second sleeve, the guide pin can engage with the reversing guide groove, thereby causing the second sleeve to rotate alternately by a predetermined angle in both positive and negative directions around its axial direction.

[0013] This invention provides an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal. When the sensor is lifted and lowered, the second sleeve can move axially within the first sleeve. A reversal guide groove on the outer wall of the second sleeve engages with a guide pin on the inner wall of the first sleeve, allowing the second sleeve to rotate alternately in both forward and reverse directions by a predetermined angle during movement. This, in turn, causes the sensor inside the second sleeve to rotate alternately in both directions by the predetermined angle, completing the sensor reversal operation and avoiding the problem of the connecting rope at the top of the sensor getting tangled. When performing the sensor reversal operation, the inclinometer of this invention eliminates the need for manual removal of the sensor from the inclinometer tube, rotation by the predetermined angle, and subsequent reinsertion. The reversal operation is automatically completed by the second sleeve simply by lifting and lowering the sensor, improving the efficiency of the reversal operation, shortening the duration of the entire measurement process, reducing time drift, and improving measurement accuracy.

[0014] It should be noted that the reversing guide groove forms a closed loop on the outer wall of the second sleeve, and the distribution of the closed loop path around the second sleeve is not a complete circle, with circumferential areas not covered by the reversing guide groove. Both the first and second sleeves are cylindrical in shape.

[0015] Preferably, the switching guide groove includes a first vertical section, a second vertical section, a third vertical section, and a fourth vertical section. The first vertical section is near the top of the second sleeve, the third vertical section is located in the middle of the second sleeve, and the second and fourth vertical sections are near the bottom of the second sleeve. The arc angle between the first and third vertical sections on the outer wall of the second sleeve is equal to the predetermined angle. A first groove is provided between the bottom end of the first vertical section and the side of the second vertical section, a second groove is provided between the top end of the second vertical section and the side of the third vertical section, a third groove is provided between the bottom end of the third vertical section and the side of the fourth vertical section, and a fourth groove is provided between the top end of the fourth vertical section and the side of the first vertical section.

[0016] In this design, the guide pin can travel from the first vertical section through the first groove section, the second vertical section, and the second groove section to the third vertical section. During this process, the second sleeve can complete one forward rotation of the predetermined angle. The guide pin can also travel from the third vertical section through the third groove section, the fourth vertical section, and the fourth groove section back to the first vertical section. During this process, the second sleeve can complete one reverse rotation of the predetermined angle. Through this closed-loop guide groove, the sensor located within the second sleeve can rotate alternately in a forward and reverse sequence, effectively preventing the sensor from rotating continuously in the same direction and thus avoiding the problem of the connecting rope at the top of the sensor getting tangled.

[0017] It should be noted that the first slot segment, the second slot segment, the third slot segment, and the fourth slot segment do not intersect each other.

[0018] Preferably, a first baffle and a second baffle are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the inner wall of the first sleeve, and a limiting plate is provided at the top of the second sleeve. In this design, when the limiting plate abuts against the first baffle, the limiting plate can prevent the second sleeve from detaching from the top of the first sleeve; when the limiting plate abuts against the second baffle, the limiting plate can prevent the second sleeve from detaching from the bottom of the first sleeve. The first baffle and the second baffle are used to confine the limiting plate inside the first sleeve, thereby preventing the second sleeve from detaching from the inside of the first sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the first sleeve is provided with a connecting pipe, which is used to connect to the inclinometer tube. In this design, the connecting pipe is inserted into the inclinometer tube to achieve communication between the first sleeve and the inclinometer tube, ensuring that the sensor can enter the second sleeve inside the first sleeve from the inclinometer tube, and also ensuring that the sensor can enter the inclinometer tube from the second sleeve inside the first sleeve, thereby meeting the requirement that the sensor can move flexibly between the second sleeve and the inclinometer tube to complete the monitoring task.

[0020] Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting tube is provided with a positioning protrusion, which is used to insert into the guide groove of the inclinometer tube. In this scheme, the positioning protrusion is used to insert into the guide groove of the inclinometer tube to achieve accurate and rapid alignment of the connecting tube and the inclinometer tube, so as to ensure that the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is aligned with the guide component in the second sleeve, and to ensure that the guide pulley of the sensor can move smoothly between the guide component and the guide groove.

[0021] Preferably, a waterproof collar is provided between the first sleeve and the connecting pipe. In this design, the waterproof collar is used to seal the opening of the inclinometer tube, preventing water from outside the inclinometer tube from flowing into it and affecting the measurement. The waterproof collar can be made of rubber or silicone, both of which have good flexibility and sealing properties, and can better adapt to the usage requirements under different working conditions, ensuring a stable and reliable waterproof effect.

[0022] Preferably, the support frame includes a top plate and a bottom plate, with a column between the top plate and the bottom plate. The bottom surface of the bottom plate has supporting feet. The first sleeve passes through the top plate and the bottom plate, and the chassis is mounted on the top surface of the top plate. In this configuration, the top plate is used to fix the top of the first sleeve, and the top of the top plate is used to mount the chassis. The bottom plate is used to fix the outer wall of the first sleeve. The column connects the top plate and the bottom plate and provides support for the top plate. The supporting feet support the bottom plate.

[0023] The length of the support leg can remain fixed, or it can be telescopic, allowing it to be extended or shortened.

[0024] Preferably, the number of support legs is three, and the support legs can be extended or shortened. In this design, the support frame can flexibly adjust the length of the support legs according to different terrain conditions, thereby better adapting to complex and varied terrain conditions.

[0025] Preferably, a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring are respectively provided at the positions where the first sleeve passes through the top plate and the bottom plate. A clamp is provided on the top plate for fixing the chassis. In this design, the first fixing ring strengthens the connection between the top plate and the first sleeve, while the second fixing ring strengthens the connection between the bottom plate and the first sleeve, thereby effectively improving the stability of the connection between the first sleeve and the top and bottom plates. The clamp is used to stably fix the chassis to the top of the top plate.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a measurement method applied to an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: Install the support frame of the inclinometer at the inlet of the inclinometer tube, install the chassis of the inclinometer on the top of the support frame, install the sensor in the inclinometer tube, and connect the sensor to the chassis with a connecting rope;

[0028] S2: Move the sensor along the axial direction of the inclinometer tube and return it to the inlet position of the inclinometer tube;

[0029] S3: Pull the sensor upwards to allow it to enter the second sleeve of the inclinometer. Continue pulling until the sensor can no longer move upwards, then begin lowering the sensor so that it enters the inclinometer tube from the second sleeve.

[0030] S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until the entire measurement work is completed.

[0031] This invention provides a measurement method that utilizes an automatically reversing inclinometer. By lifting and lowering the sensor within the second sleeve, the sensor can be reversed without manual removal from the inclinometer tube, rotation at a predetermined angle, and subsequent repositioning. This method improves the efficiency of the reversing operation, shortens the overall measurement process, reduces time drift, and enhances measurement accuracy.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. This invention provides an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal. When performing the reversal operation of the sensor, there is no need to manually remove the sensor from the inclinometer tube, rotate it by the predetermined angle, and then put it back into the inclinometer tube. The reversal operation of the sensor can be automatically completed by simply lifting and lowering the sensor through the second sleeve, which improves the efficiency of the reversal operation, shortens the duration of the entire measurement process, reduces time drift, and improves measurement accuracy.

[0034] 2. This invention provides a measurement method that utilizes an automatically reversing inclinometer. By lifting and lowering the sensor within the second sleeve, the sensor can be reversed without manual removal from the inclinometer tube, rotation at a predetermined angle, and subsequent repositioning. This method improves the efficiency of the reversing operation, shortens the overall measurement process, reduces time drift, and enhances measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a clinometer capable of automatic direction switching.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sleeve.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sleeve in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second sleeve in Example 1.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the path of the guide groove on the outer wall of the second sleeve in Example 1 after it has been unfolded.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of reversal process for the second bushing in Example 1.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second type of reversal process for the second bushing in Example 1.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the path of the guide groove on the outer wall of the second sleeve after it has been unfolded in Example 2.

[0044] Marked in the image:

[0045] 1-Support frame,

[0046] 101-Top plate, 102-Bottom plate, 103-Column, 104-Support leg, 105-Clamp, 106-First fixing ring, 107-Second fixing ring

[0047] 2-First casing,

[0048] 201-Connecting pipe, 2011-Positioning protrusion, 202-Waterproof collar, 203-Guide pin, 204-First baffle, 205-Second baffle

[0049] 3-Second sleeve,

[0050] 301-Guide slot for changing direction, 3011-First vertical section, 3012-First slot section, 3013-Second vertical section, 3014-Second slot section, 3015-Third vertical section, 3016-Third slot section, 3017-Fourth vertical section, 3018-Fourth slot section

[0051] 302-Limit Plate

[0052] 303 - Guide components,

[0053] 304 - Second guide groove, 3041 - Fifth vertical section, 3042 - Fifth groove section, 3043 - Sixth vertical section, 3044 - Sixth groove section, 3045 - Seventh vertical section, 3046 - Seventh groove section, 3047 - Eighth vertical section, 3048 - Eighth groove section

[0054] 4-Chassis,

[0055] 5-Sensors

[0056] 501-Guide Pulley,

[0057] 6- Inclinometer tube. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0059] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0060] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0062] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0063] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal includes a support frame 1, a first sleeve 2, a second sleeve 3, a housing 4, and a sensor 5.

[0066] The housing 4 is mounted on top of the support frame 1. The first sleeve 2 is fixed to the support frame 1, and the second sleeve 3 is fitted inside the first sleeve 2. The second sleeve 3 can move along the axial direction of the first sleeve 2. The first sleeve 2 is used for coaxial connection with the inclinometer tube 6. Specifically, both the first sleeve 2 and the second sleeve 3 have circular cross-sections. The axial directions of both the first sleeve 2 and the second sleeve 3 are installed vertically.

[0067] The inner wall of the second sleeve 3 is provided with a guide component 303, which is arranged along the axial direction of the second sleeve 3. The interior of the second sleeve 3 is used to accommodate the sensor 5, which can move along the guide component 303. The outer wall of the second sleeve 3 is provided with a reversing guide groove 301, and the inner wall of the first sleeve 2 is provided with a guide pin 203, which can be assembled with the reversing guide groove 301. The second sleeve 3 moves axially relative to the first sleeve 2 and, through the cooperation of the guide pin 203 and the reversing guide groove 301, the second sleeve 3 rotates alternately by a predetermined angle in both the positive and negative directions around the axial direction of the second sleeve 3.

[0068] Specifically, the predetermined angle is 180°. There are two guide components 303, arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the second sleeve 3. The guide pin 203 can be fixedly installed, directly fixed to the inner wall of the first sleeve 2; alternatively, the guide pin 203 can be detachably fixed, that is, the guide pin 203 penetrates from the outer wall of the first sleeve 2 and extends to the inner wall for installation. This method allows the guide pin 203 to be removed, facilitating the removal of the second sleeve 3 from the first sleeve 2 for maintenance. The guide component 303 can be a pulley groove or a slide rail. The guide component 303 is arranged along the axial length of the second sleeve 3.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the switching guide groove 301 may include a first vertical section 3011, a second vertical section 3013, a third vertical section 3015, and a fourth vertical section 3017. The first vertical section 3011 is located near the top of the second sleeve 3, the third vertical section 3015 is located in the middle of the second sleeve 3, and the second vertical section 3013 and the fourth vertical section 3017 are located near the bottom of the second sleeve 3. The first vertical section 3011 and the third vertical section 3015 are arc-shaped clamps on the outer wall of the second sleeve 3. The angle is equal to the predetermined angle; a first groove segment 3012 is provided between the bottom end of the first vertical segment 3011 and the side of the second vertical segment 3013; a second groove segment 3014 is provided between the top end of the second vertical segment 3013 and the side of the third vertical segment 3015; a third groove segment 3016 is provided between the bottom end of the third vertical segment 3015 and the side of the fourth vertical segment 3017; and a fourth groove segment 3018 is provided between the top end of the fourth vertical segment 3017 and the side of the first vertical segment 3011.

[0070] Possesses, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first vertical segment 3011, the second vertical segment 3013, the third vertical segment 3015, and the fourth vertical segment 3017 are all groove segments with a length of 15mm-30mm arranged along the axial direction of the second sleeve 3. Along the circumference of the second sleeve 3, the third vertical segment 3015 is located between the second vertical segment 3013 and the fourth vertical segment 3017. The arc angle between the first vertical segment 3011 and the third vertical segment 3015 on the outer wall of the second sleeve 3 is 180°.

[0071] The top end of the first groove segment 3012 is connected to the bottom end of the first vertical segment 3011. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the first groove segment 3012 first extends to the lower left, and when it reaches the position of the third vertical segment 3015 at the same cross-section, it changes direction and extends to the lower right. Finally, the bottom end of the first groove segment 3012 is connected to the second vertical segment 3013 from the side.

[0072] The bottom end of the second groove section 3014 is connected to the top end of the second vertical section 3013. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the second groove section 3014 first extends vertically upward. When it reaches the position of the bottom end of the third vertical section 3015 at the same cross-section, it changes direction and extends to the upper right. Finally, the top end of the second groove section 3014 is connected to the third vertical section 3015 from the side.

[0073] The top of the third groove segment 3016 is connected to the bottom of the third vertical segment 3015. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the third groove segment 3016 extends to the lower right, and finally the bottom of the third groove segment 3016 is connected to the fourth vertical segment 3017 from the side.

[0074] The bottom end of the fourth groove segment 3018 is connected to the top end of the fourth vertical segment 3017. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the fourth groove segment 3018 first extends vertically upward. When it reaches the position of the bottom end of the first vertical segment 3011 at the same cross-section, it changes direction and extends to the upper left. Finally, the top end of the fourth groove segment 3018 is connected to the first vertical segment 3011 from the side.

[0075] It should be noted that in the reversing guide groove 301 under this path, the second sleeve 3 can move autonomously in the relative position of the guide pin 203 in the reversing guide groove 301 by its own gravity, and eventually move to the first vertical section 3011 or the third vertical section 3015.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the top and bottom of the inner wall of the first sleeve 2 may be provided with a first baffle 204 and a second baffle 205, respectively, and the top of the second sleeve 3 may be provided with a limiting plate 302. Specifically, the limiting plate 302 is located between the first baffle 204 and the second baffle 205. The limiting plate 302 may be an annular plate, and the outer diameter of the limiting plate 302 is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the second sleeve 3. The limiting plate 302 is connected to the top of the second sleeve 3 by bolts.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the first sleeve 2 may be provided with a connecting pipe 201, which is used to connect with the inclinometer tube 6. Specifically, the connecting pipe 201 is arranged coaxially with the first sleeve 2, and the cross-section of the connecting pipe 201 is circular, with the cross-sectional dimension of the connecting pipe 201 being smaller than that of the first sleeve 2.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the outer wall of the connecting pipe 201 may be provided with a positioning protrusion 2011, which is used to insert into the guide groove of the inclinometer tube 6. Specifically, two sets of positioning protrusions 2011 are arranged along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 201.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, a waterproof collar 202 may be provided between the first sleeve 2 and the connecting pipe 201. Specifically, the waterproof collar 202 is a circular rubber ring, and the inner ring of the waterproof collar 202 is bonded to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 201 by adhesive. The outer ring size of the waterproof collar 202 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the first sleeve 2. The thickness of the waterproof collar 202 can be 2mm-4mm.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the support frame 1 may include a top plate 101 and a bottom plate 102, with columns 103 positioned between the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 102. Support feet 104 are provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 102. A first sleeve 2 passes through the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 102, and the chassis 4 is mounted on the top surface of the top plate 101. Specifically, the top plate 101 may be a rectangular steel plate, and the bottom plate 102 may be a triangular steel plate. There are three columns 103, located at the three corners of the bottom plate 102. A first through hole and a second through hole are respectively provided on the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 102, both for the first sleeve 2 to pass through.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, the number of support legs 104 may be three, and the support legs 104 may be extended or shortened.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, a first fixing ring 106 and a second fixing ring 107 can be respectively provided at the positions where the first sleeve 2 passes through the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 102. A clamp 105 can be provided on the top plate 101 for fixing the chassis 4. Specifically, the first fixing ring 106 is located at the first through hole and on the bottom surface of the top plate 101. The second fixing ring 107 is located at the second through hole and on the top surface of the bottom plate 102. The clamp 105 can be a spring clamp. The number of clamps 105 can be set to 4, and these 4 clamps 105 need to be grouped in pairs, with the two groups installed on opposite sides of the top plate 101.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, a one-way opening valve plate can be provided at the following four connected locations: the connection between the bottom end of the first groove segment 3012 and the side of the second vertical segment 3013; the connection between the top end of the second groove segment 3014 and the side of the third vertical segment 3015; the connection between the bottom end of the third groove segment 3016 and the side of the fourth vertical segment 3017; and the connection between the top end of the fourth groove segment 3018 and the side of the first vertical segment 3011. Specifically, the valve plate at the first connected location can only open towards the second vertical segment 3013, the valve plate at the second connected location can only open towards the third vertical segment 3015, the valve plate at the third connected location can only open towards the fourth vertical segment 3017, and the valve plate at the fourth connected location can only open towards the first vertical segment 3011. This configuration allows the guide pin 203 to move only along the following paths: from the bottom of the first groove 3012 into the second vertical section 3013, from the top of the second groove 3014 into the third vertical section 3015, from the bottom of the third groove 3016 into the fourth vertical section 3017, and from the top of the fourth groove 3018 into the first vertical section 3011, thereby ensuring that the guide pin 203 moves in the correct direction within the reversing guide groove 301.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] In this embodiment, the reversing guide groove 301 of the inclinometer capable of automatic reversing described in Embodiment 1 is replaced with a second reversing guide groove 304, as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the second reversing guide groove 304 includes a fifth vertical section 3041, a sixth vertical section 3043, a seventh vertical section 3045, and an eighth vertical section 3047. The arc angle between the fifth vertical section 3041 and the seventh vertical section 3045 on the outer wall of the second sleeve 3 is 180°. The fifth vertical section 3041 and the seventh vertical section 3045 are located near the top of the second sleeve 3, the sixth vertical section 3043 is located near the bottom of the second sleeve 3, and the eighth vertical section 3047 is located in the middle of the second sleeve 3. A fifth groove segment 3042 is provided between the bottom end of the fifth vertical segment 3041 and the side of the sixth vertical segment 3043; a sixth groove segment 3044 is provided between the top end of the sixth vertical segment 3043 and the side of the seventh vertical segment 3045; a seventh groove segment 3046 is provided between the bottom end of the seventh vertical segment 3045 and the side of the eighth vertical segment 3047; and an eighth groove segment 3048 is provided between the top end of the eighth vertical segment 3047 and the side of the fifth vertical segment 3041.

[0086] Specifically, the fifth vertical segment 3041, the sixth vertical segment 3043, the seventh vertical segment 3045 and the eighth vertical segment 3047 are all groove segments arranged along the axis of the second sleeve 3 and with a length of 15mm-30mm.

[0087] The top of the fifth groove segment 3042 is connected to the bottom of the fifth vertical segment 3041. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the fifth groove segment 3042 first extends vertically downward, and then extends to the lower right. Finally, the bottom of the fifth groove segment 3042 is connected to the sixth vertical segment 3043 from the side.

[0088] The bottom end of the sixth groove segment 3044 is connected to the top end of the sixth vertical segment 3043. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the sixth groove segment 3044 first extends vertically upward, and then extends to the upper left. Finally, the top end of the sixth groove segment 3044 is connected to the seventh vertical segment 3045 from the side.

[0089] The top of the seventh groove segment 3046 is connected to the bottom of the seventh vertical segment 3045. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the seventh groove segment 3046 extends to the lower left. Finally, the bottom of the seventh groove segment 3046 is connected to the eighth vertical segment 3047 from the side.

[0090] The bottom end of the eighth groove segment 3048 is connected to the top end of the eighth vertical segment 3047. On the outer wall of the second sleeve 3, the eighth groove segment 3048 extends to the upper left, and finally the top end of the eighth groove segment 3048 is connected to the fifth vertical segment 3041 from the side.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] A measurement method, applied to an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal, includes the following steps.

[0093] S1: Install the support frame 1 of the inclinometer at the inlet of the inclinometer tube 6, and install the housing 4 of the inclinometer on top of the support frame 1. Install the sensor 5 into the inclinometer tube 6, and connect the sensor 5 and the housing 4 with a connecting rope. A data cable for communication can also be configured between the sensor 5 and the housing 4.

[0094] S2: Move sensor 5 along the axial direction of inclinometer tube 6 and return it to the inlet position of inclinometer tube 6.

[0095] S3: Pull sensor 5 upwards to allow sensor 5 to enter the second sleeve 3 of the inclinometer. Continue pulling until sensor 5 can no longer move upwards, then begin to lower sensor 5 so that sensor 5 enters the inclinometer tube 6 from the second sleeve 3.

[0096] S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until the entire measurement work is completed.

[0097] The measurement method described below is explained in detail, including the following steps.

[0098] S1: Install the support frame 1 at the inlet of the inclinometer tube 6, install the chassis 4 on the top plate 101 of the support frame 1, and connect the top of the sensor 5 to the chassis 4 through the connecting rope. The connecting rope needs to pass through the top of the second sleeve 3 and the top of the first sleeve 2, and finally connect to the chassis 4.

[0099] S2: Place sensor 5 into inclinometer tube 6, and then insert the connecting tube 201 at the bottom of the first sleeve 2 into the inlet of inclinometer tube 6. At this time, guide pin 203 is located in the first vertical section 3011 or the third vertical section 3015 of the switching guide groove 301.

[0100] S3: Lower sensor 5 so that sensor 5 moves downward along inclinometer tube 6. After moving to the bottom of inclinometer tube 6, start to pull sensor 5 so that sensor 5 moves upward along inclinometer tube 6.

[0101] S4: When the sensor 5 moves upward to the opening of the inclinometer tube 6, continue to pull the sensor 5 upward so that the sensor 5 enters the second sleeve 3. The guide pulley 501 of the sensor 5 also moves into the guide component 303 inside the second sleeve 3. When the top of the sensor 5 contacts the top of the second sleeve 3, the upward movement of the sensor 5 can drive the second sleeve 3 to move upward together inside the first sleeve 2.

[0102] During the upward movement of the second sleeve 3 inside the first sleeve 2, when the initial position of the guide pin 203 is located in the first vertical section 3011 of the reversing guide groove 301, as... Figure 7 As shown, the guide pin 203 can move along the first groove segment 3012 to the second vertical segment 3013; when the initial position of the guide pin 203 is located in the third vertical segment 3015 of the reversing guide groove 301, as... Figure 8 As shown, the guide pin 203 can move along the third groove section 3016 to the fourth vertical section 3017.

[0103] S5: When the guide pin 203 moves to the second vertical section 3013 or the fourth vertical section 3017, the second sleeve 3 can no longer move upward. At this time, the sensor 5 is lowered. Under the action of gravity, the second sleeve 3 will also move downward together with the sensor 5 inside the first sleeve 2.

[0104] During the downward movement of the second sleeve 3 inside the first sleeve 2, when the guide pin 203 is located in the second vertical section 3013 of the reversing guide groove 301, as... Figure 7 As shown, the guide pin 203 can move along the second groove section 3014 to the third vertical section 3015; when the guide pin 203 is located in the fourth vertical section 3017 of the reversing guide groove 301, as... Figure 8 As shown, the guide pin 203 can move along the fourth groove section 3018 to the first vertical section 3011.

[0105] After the guide pin 203 moves from the first vertical section 3011 to the third vertical section 3015, or from the third vertical section 3015 to the first vertical section 3011, the second sleeve 3 completes a 180° rotation around its own axis, which in turn drives the sensor 5 to complete a 180° turning operation.

[0106] S6: Continue to lower the sensor 5 so that the sensor 5 enters the inclinometer tube 6 from the second sleeve 3. The guide pulley 501 of the sensor 5 also moves into the guide groove inside the inclinometer tube 6. Repeat steps S3 to S6 to complete the long-term automatic reversing measurement process.

[0107] The inclinometer provided by this invention, which can automatically change direction, also has the following advantages: This invention uses a mechanical structure to realize the reversing operation of the inclinometer, which is simple, stable and reliable; This invention can realize the reversing operation by one forward rotation and one reverse rotation, ensuring that the connecting rope of the sensor 5 will not get tangled; This invention is simple and convenient to install.

[0108] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inclinometer capable of automatic direction switching, characterized in that, It includes a support frame (1), a first sleeve (2), a second sleeve (3), a housing (4), and a sensor (5). The housing (4) is installed on the top of the support frame (1). The first sleeve (2) is fixed on the support frame (1). The second sleeve (3) is sleeved inside the first sleeve (2). The second sleeve (3) can move along the axial direction of the first sleeve (2). The first sleeve (2) is used to coaxially connect with the inclinometer tube (6). The inner wall of the second sleeve (3) is provided with a guide component (303), which is arranged along the axial direction of the second sleeve (3). The interior of the second sleeve (3) is used to accommodate the sensor (5). The sensor (5) can move along the guide component (303). The outer wall of the second sleeve (3) is provided with a reversing guide groove (301). The inner wall of the first sleeve (2) is provided with a guide pin (203). The guide pin (203) can be assembled with the reversing guide groove (301). The second sleeve (3) moves axially relative to the first sleeve (2) and, through the cooperation of the guide pin (203) and the reversing guide groove (301), the second sleeve (3) rotates alternately in the positive and negative directions by a predetermined angle around the axial direction of the second sleeve (3). The reversing guide groove (301) includes a first vertical section (3011), a second vertical section (3013), a third vertical section (3015), and a fourth vertical section (3017). The straight section (3011) is near the top of the second sleeve (3), the third vertical section (3015) is located in the middle of the second sleeve (3), and the second vertical section (3013) and the fourth vertical section (3017) are near the bottom of the second sleeve (3); the arc angle between the first vertical section (3011) and the third vertical section (3015) on the outer wall of the second sleeve (3) is equal to the predetermined angle; the bottom end of the first vertical section (3011) and the second vertical section (3015) are near the top of the second sleeve (3); the arc angle between the first vertical section (3011) and the third vertical section (3015) on the outer wall of the second sleeve (3) is equal to the predetermined angle; the bottom end of the first vertical section (3011) and the second vertical section (3015) are near the top of the second sleeve (3). A first groove segment (3012) is provided between the sides of the straight section (3013), a second groove segment (3014) is provided between the top of the second vertical section (3013) and the side of the third vertical section (3015), a third groove segment (3016) is provided between the bottom of the third vertical section (3015) and the side of the fourth vertical section (3017), and a fourth groove segment (3018) is provided between the top of the fourth vertical section (3017) and the side of the first vertical section (3011).

2. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top and bottom of the inner wall of the first sleeve (2) are respectively provided with a first baffle (204) and a second baffle (205), and the top of the second sleeve (3) is provided with a limit plate (302).

3. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the first sleeve (2) is provided with a connecting pipe (201), which is used to connect with the inclinometer (6).

4. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the connecting pipe (201) is provided with a positioning protrusion (2011), which is used to be inserted into the guide groove of the inclinometer (6).

5. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 3, characterized in that, A waterproof collar (202) is provided between the first sleeve (2) and the connecting pipe (201).

6. An inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The support frame (1) includes a top plate (101) and a bottom plate (102). A column (103) is provided between the top plate (101) and the bottom plate (102). A support foot (104) is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate (102). The first sleeve (2) passes through the top plate (101) and the bottom plate (102). The chassis (4) is installed on the top surface of the top plate (101).

7. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the support legs (104) is three, and the support legs (104) can be extended or shortened.

8. The inclinometer capable of automatic reversal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first sleeve (2) is provided with a first fixing ring (106) and a second fixing ring (107) at the position where it passes through the top plate (101) and the bottom plate (102). The top plate (101) is provided with a clamp (105) for fixing the chassis (4).

9. A measurement method, characterized in that, The application of an inclinometer capable of automatic reversal as described in any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S1: Install the support frame (1) of the inclinometer at the inlet of the inclinometer tube (6), install the chassis (4) of the inclinometer on the top of the support frame (1), install the sensor (5) in the inclinometer tube (6), and connect the sensor (5) and the chassis (4) with a connecting rope. S2: Move the sensor (5) along the axial direction of the inclinometer tube (6) and return it to the position of the inclinometer tube (6) opening; S3: Pull the sensor (5) upward to allow it to enter the second sleeve (3) of the inclinometer. Continue pulling until the sensor (5) can no longer move upward. Then, lower the sensor (5) so that it enters the inclinometer tube (6) from the second sleeve (3). S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until the entire measurement work is completed.

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