Geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring and protection method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring and a protection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of geological environment monitoring. The geological monitoring well comprises a well pipe, a controller, a plurality of soil solidifiers and a plurality of soil sensor modules. Each soil solidifier comprises a vibration generator, a fixing frame, a filling pump, a pipeline switch, a pipeline and at least one elastic air bag. The soil solidifier and the soil sensor module are respectively inserted into the backfill soil of the geological monitoring well through different monitoring holes on the well pipe wall. The geological monitoring well is provided with a plurality of soil solidifiers. Under the double action mechanism that the vibration of the vibration generator causes the rearrangement of soil particles and the expansion of the elastic air bag to produce physical extrusion on the soil, the compactness of the backfill soil around the well wall is improved, the collapse of the well wall is effectively prevented, and the geological monitoring well has the advantages of simple construction, low cost, remarkable effect and the like, so that the stability of the soil monitoring environment of the soil sensor module arranged around the geological monitoring well is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological environment monitoring technology, and in particular to a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring and its protection method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil leaching monitoring wells are underground observation facilities specifically designed to monitor the soil leaching process. Their core purpose is to monitor the vertical migration patterns of pollutants and moisture in the soil. By deploying soil moisture and water quality sensors in layers, dynamic monitoring of underground leaching across the entire soil profile can be achieved, accurately acquiring data on the chemical, dynamic, and thermal fields of soil leaching within the geological space.

[0003] In the existing technology, the construction process of soil leaching monitoring wells is as follows: after the monitoring well is constructed through geological drilling and the monitoring target is determined, multiple monitoring holes are opened vertically in the well wall, and then sensor probes are inserted into the soil through the monitoring holes to monitor soil water quality and soil moisture parameters.

[0004] However, because the backfilling working surface in the part where the well pipe contacts the soil is narrow, the backfilling process relies solely on layered filling and manual compaction, resulting in insufficient backfill density. Therefore, after the traditional well construction process is completed, due to the influence of natural factors such as changes in groundwater level and long-term rainwater erosion, the backfill soil around the well wall will continuously collapse and sink over time, causing soil displacement, which in turn will stretch or compress the sensor cable, leading to sensor offset, cable breakage, or data distortion or even invalidity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring and a protection method thereof, so as to improve the stability of the soil monitoring environment of the soil sensor module located around the geological monitoring well.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring, comprising: a well pipe, a controller, multiple soil stabilizers, and multiple soil sensor modules; each soil stabilizer includes: a vibration generator, a mounting frame, a filling pump, a pipeline switch, a pipeline, and at least one elastic airbag; the well pipe has multiple monitoring holes vertically formed in its wall, and the soil stabilizers and soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil of the geological monitoring well through different monitoring holes; soil stabilizers are provided above and below each soil sensor module; the filling pump is connected to the pipeline via the pipeline switch, the elastic airbag is fixed to the pipeline, and the portion of the pipeline wrapped by the elastic airbag is provided with at least one An opening; a pipe for insertion into the backfill soil; a mounting bracket for securing the soil stabilizer to the well pipe; a vibration generator connected to the pipe and mounted on the mounting bracket; a controller connected to the vibration generator, filling pump, pipe switch, and multiple soil sensor modules; after the well pipe installation and backfilling are completed, and before the multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, multiple soil stabilizers are inserted into the backfill soil. The controller controls the pipe switch to open, controls the vibration generator to vibrate, and controls the filling pump to operate so that the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts to continuously compact the backfill soil until the preset end condition is reached, at which point the pipe switch is closed.

[0007] In an optional implementation, each soil sensor module includes: a soil sensor, a sensor fixing device, a sensor bracket, and a sensor interface; the soil sensor is connected to the sensor bracket via the sensor fixing device; the soil sensor is used to insert into the backfill soil; the sensor bracket is used to fix the soil sensor module to the well pipe; one end of the sensor interface is connected to the soil sensor via a cable, and the other end is connected to the controller for transmitting power and data to the soil sensor.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the soil sensor module further includes: a tilt sensor; the tilt sensor is connected to both the soil sensor and the controller, and is used to monitor the tilt angle of the soil sensor and feed the tilt angle back to the controller; when the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds a first preset threshold, it sends an opening command to the pipeline switch and sends operation commands to the vibration generator and the filling pump, respectively, to compact and backfill the soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than a second preset threshold; wherein, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the sensor fixing device includes a helical spring structure; the helical spring structure is used to buffer external stress.

[0010] In an optional implementation, a flexible cable protection tube is provided on the outside of the cable in the soil sensor module.

[0011] In an optional implementation, stress-reducing material is injected into the gap between the cable and the flexible cable protection tube to absorb external compressive stress.

[0012] In an optional implementation, strain gauges are attached to the surface of the elastic airbag, and the preset termination condition includes: after the elastic airbag has been in a continuously inflated state for a specified period of time, the surface tension is less than a preset tension threshold; the strain gauges are communicatively connected to the controller to monitor the surface tension of the elastic airbag and send it to the controller; the controller determines whether the preset termination condition has been met based on the surface tension and the preset tension threshold.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the surface of the elastic airbag is provided with an anti-slip texture.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a protection method for a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring, applied to any of the aforementioned embodiments, comprising: after the well pipe installation and soil backfilling are completed, and before multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, inserting multiple soil stabilizers into the backfill soil; controlling the pipeline switch to open, controlling the vibration generator to vibrate, and controlling the filling pump to operate so that the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts to continuously compact the backfill soil until a preset end condition is reached, and then closing the pipeline switch.

[0015] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: acquiring the tilt angle of the soil sensor; and, if the tilt angle exceeds a first preset threshold, sending an activation command to the pipeline switch and sending operation commands to the vibration generator and the filling pump respectively, so as to compact the backfill soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than a second preset threshold; wherein the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0016] The geological monitoring well provided by this invention, by setting up multiple soil stabilizers, improves the compaction of the backfill soil around the well wall through the dual action mechanism of soil particle rearrangement caused by vibration of the vibration generator and physical compression of the soil by expansion of elastic airbags, effectively preventing well wall collapse. It has the advantages of simple construction, low cost and significant effect, thereby effectively improving the stability of the soil monitoring environment of the soil sensor module set around the geological monitoring well. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil stabilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the elastic airbag of a soil stabilizer in an inflated state, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil sensor module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Icons: 100-Well casing; 200-Soil stabilizer; 300-Soil sensor module; 400-Backfill soil; 500-Original soil; 201-Vibration generator; 202-Fixing frame; 203-Filling pump; 204-Pipeline switch; 205-Pipeline; 206-Elastic airbag; 301-Soil sensor; 302-Sensor fixing device; 303-Sensor bracket; 304-Sensor interface; 305-Flexible cable protection tube; 306-Tilt sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0025] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: well casing 100, controller ( Figure 1(Not shown in the diagram) Multiple soil stabilizers 200 and multiple soil sensor modules 300. Multiple monitoring holes are vertically opened in the well casing wall. The soil stabilizers and soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil 400 of the geological monitoring well through different monitoring holes. Soil stabilizers are installed above and below each soil sensor module.

[0028] Specifically, to construct a geological monitoring well, workers first use drilling tools to vertically excavate to a depth of 2 meters (exemplary) in the original soil at a depth of 500 mm, ensuring that the borehole diameter is 10-15 cm larger than the outer diameter of the well pipe (exemplary) to facilitate the installation of the well pipe. After the well pipe is installed into the excavated borehole, backfill soil is used to fill the gap between the well pipe wall and the original soil, and the soil is compacted as much as possible.

[0029] Next, according to the requirement that soil retainers are installed above and below each soil sensor module, and based on the actual soil water monitoring location requirements, monitoring holes are reserved at designated locations for the soil sensor modules. The remaining monitoring holes are then fitted with soil retainers inserted into the backfill soil. After the backfill soil is compacted using the soil retainers, each soil sensor module is inserted into the backfill soil through the monitoring holes to monitor relevant soil parameters. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the type or number of soil sensor modules; users should configure them according to their actual needs. Furthermore, soil retainers are inserted into adjacent monitoring holes above and below each soil sensor module. The number of soil retainers can be multiple; that is, if the number of monitoring holes is sufficient, multiple soil retainers can be installed above and below a single soil sensor module.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil stabilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, each soil stabilizer includes: a vibration generator 201, a fixing frame 202, a filling pump 203, a pipeline switch 204, a pipeline 205, and at least one elastic airbag 206.

[0031] The filling pump is connected to the pipeline via a pipeline switch. An elastic airbag is fixed to the pipeline, and the pipeline portion wrapped by the elastic airbag has at least one opening. The pipeline is used to insert into the backfill soil. A fixing frame is used to fix the soil stabilizer to the well pipe. The vibration generator is connected to the pipeline and is mounted on the fixing frame.

[0032] To insert the soil stabilizer into the backfill soil, first, pass the pipe with the elastic air bladder through the well pipe and insert it into the backfill soil. Then, use a fixing frame to securely connect the soil stabilizer to the well pipe. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the connection method between the fixing frame and the well pipe; welding, riveting, adhesive bonding, threaded connection, etc., can be selected. This embodiment of the invention also does not specifically limit the connection method between the vibration generator and the pipe, as long as the vibration generator can cause the pipe to vibrate when it vibrates. Figure 2In the connection shown, the pipe passes through the mounting bracket and the vibration generator, and is connected to the pipe switch. The vibration generator is located inside the well casing and fixed to the mounting bracket.

[0033] The pipeline switch can be opened or closed under the control of the controller. When the pipeline switch is open, the filling pump runs and pumps gas / liquid into the pipeline through the pipeline switch. Then, the gas / liquid pumped into the pipeline fills the elastic air bag through the opening and inflates it. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the inflated state of the elastic airbags in a soil stabilizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention does not impose a specific limit on the number of elastic airbags installed on the pipeline; users can set the number according to actual needs. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this example, three elastic airbags are fixed to the pipe.

[0034] The controller is connected to the vibration generator, filling pump, pipeline switch and multiple soil sensor modules.

[0035] After the well casing is installed and the soil is backfilled, and before multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, multiple soil compactors are inserted into the backfill soil. The controller controls the pipeline switch to open, controls the vibration generator to vibrate, and controls the filling pump to run so that the elastic airbags repeatedly expand and contract to continuously compact the backfill soil until the preset end conditions are reached, and then the pipeline switch is closed.

[0036] The controller can control the start and stop of the vibration generator, control the operation of the filling pump (including pumping in and pumping out), control the opening and closing of the pipeline switch, and receive measurement data transmitted back from the soil sensor module. In order to improve the compaction of the backfill soil around the geological monitoring well and avoid soil displacement caused by collapse and subsidence from damaging the stability of the soil sensor monitoring environment, in this embodiment of the invention, before inserting the soil sensor module into the backfill soil, a soil stabilizer is first inserted into the backfill soil. Then, under the control of the controller, the vibration generator of each soil stabilizer is turned on, which drives the pipeline inserted into the backfill soil to vibrate. The elastic airbag is controlled to repeatedly expand and contract, and the backfill soil is continuously compacted under the dual action of vibration and expansion compression.

[0037] Optionally, the vibration generator employs a high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration mode. This vibration mode effectively breaks down the cohesion between soil particles, making them easier to move and rearrange. Vibration also forces moisture and air out of the soil, further increasing soil density. The pipe, acting as a vibration transmission rod, can be made of high-strength, lightweight metal materials. Its function is to efficiently transmit the vibration energy from the vibration generator while minimizing energy loss.

[0038] A filling pump injects gas / liquid into a pipe via a pipe switch, causing the elastic airbag to inflate and further compact the surrounding soil. The principle of elastic airbag expansion compaction is primarily based on the expansion and contraction characteristics of the airbag. When gas / liquid is pumped into the elastic airbag, it gradually expands and applies pressure outwards. This pressure is transmitted to the surrounding soil through the contact surface between the airbag and the soil, causing soil particles to come into close contact, thus achieving compaction. Optionally, gas / liquid is pumped into the elastic airbag according to a preset program, with pressure gradually increasing from low to high and maintained for a certain period. As the airbag continues to expand, the compaction effect is further enhanced, and the soil density and stability are correspondingly improved. This reduces settlement and deformation caused by uneven compaction.

[0039] This invention does not specifically limit the start-up of the vibration generator or the control sequence of the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag. The vibration generator can be controlled to vibrate continuously while the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts. Alternatively, a cycle of "vibration—elastic airbag expansion—elastic airbag contraction" can be used to repeatedly compact the backfill soil. Or, the vibration generator can be controlled to vibrate first, then stop after a specified duration. The elastic airbag can then be expanded until the airbag pressure reaches a threshold, at which point the vibration generator is restarted. Vibration energy is transmitted along the airbag pressure gradient, promoting the reorganization of soil particles into a more stable state under coupling. Then, the filling pump extracts gas / liquid from the pipe through a pipe switch to cause the elastic airbag to contract, and the vibration generator is restarted. After multiple cycles, the soil particles are rearranged and compacted, effectively reducing the risk of secondary settlement of the backfill soil.

[0040] This invention does not specifically limit the conditions for ending the soil compaction operation (i.e., the preset termination conditions). These conditions can be achieved by cyclically controlling the process to a specified number of times, or by the surface tension of the elastic airbag falling below a preset tension threshold after a specified period of continuous expansion. After ending the soil compaction step, a certain amount of gas / liquid can be pumped into the elastic airbag, and then the pipeline switch can be closed to maintain the elastic rubber in an expanded state.

[0041] This invention provides a geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring. By setting up multiple soil stabilizers, the compaction of the backfill soil around the well wall is improved through the dual action mechanism of soil particle rearrangement caused by vibration of the vibration generator and physical compression of the soil by expansion of elastic airbags. This effectively prevents well wall collapse and has the advantages of simple construction, low cost and significant effect, thereby effectively improving the stability of the soil monitoring environment of the soil sensor module set around the geological monitoring well.

[0042] In one optional embodiment, strain gauges are attached to the surface of the elastic airbag, and the preset termination condition includes: after the elastic airbag has been in a continuously inflated state for a specified period of time, the surface tension is less than a preset tension threshold.

[0043] The strain gauge is connected to the controller to monitor the surface tension of the elastic airbag and send it to the controller.

[0044] The controller determines whether the preset termination condition has been met based on surface tension and a preset tension threshold.

[0045] When the backfill soil is relatively loose, during the gradient pressurization process of the elastic airbags, the expansion degree of the elastic airbags is relatively high as the expansion time increases. At this time, the surface tension of the elastic airbags is greater than the preset tension threshold, and the condition for ending the soil compaction operation is not triggered. When the backfill soil is relatively compact, during the gradient pressurization process of the elastic airbags, the expansion degree of the elastic airbags is limited as the expansion time increases. At this time, the surface tension of the elastic airbags is less than the preset tension threshold, and the condition for ending the soil compaction operation is triggered.

[0046] Optionally, the elastic airbag is made of a high-strength elastomer to ensure compressive strength and abrasion resistance, and the surface of the elastic airbag is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction between the elastic airbag and the soil, thereby improving the stability of the elastic airbag in soil compaction operations.

[0047] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, each soil sensor module includes: a soil sensor 301, a sensor fixing device 302, a sensor bracket 303, and a sensor interface 304.

[0048] The soil sensor is connected to the sensor bracket via a sensor fixing device.

[0049] Soil sensors are used to insert into backfill soil.

[0050] The sensor bracket is used to fix the soil sensor module to the well pipe.

[0051] One end of the sensor interface is connected to the soil sensor via a cable, and the other end is connected to the controller, which is used to transmit power and data to the soil sensor.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, after the backfill soil is compacted, each soil sensor module is installed to monitor relevant soil data. Specifically, the soil sensor is inserted into the target location in the soil through a pre-drilled monitoring hole on the well pipe, and then the sensor bracket is fixed to the well pipe to maintain the stability of the soil sensor module. The connection method between the sensor bracket and the well pipe is the same as the connection method between the soil stabilizer's mounting bracket and the well pipe described above; users can choose an appropriate connection method according to their actual needs. As described above, the sensor interface connects to a data cable, which provides power to the sensor and facilitates signal transmission.

[0053] In existing technologies, sensor fixing devices are mostly rigid structures. When subjected to soil subsidence, they cannot buffer soil displacement stress and are prone to irreversible deformation, leading to damage to internal circuits. In other words, soil sensor modules lack stress buffering. Therefore, in one embodiment, the sensor fixing device includes a helical spring structure; the helical spring structure is used to buffer external stress.

[0054] In other words, the connection between the soil sensor and the sensor bracket adopts a flexible helical spring connection and fixation method. The helical spring structure can disperse soil stress above the sensor and buffer overall deformation, converting external soil pressure into spring deformation instead of directly transmitting it to the soil sensor, thus reducing the risk of sensor damage. In other words, the helical spring structure can buffer external stress, reduce mechanical impact damage, and resist the impact of subsidence. This structural design allows the soil sensor to undergo a certain degree of displacement in the X / Y / Z axis directions, adapting to complex stress scenarios of uneven soil subsidence.

[0055] Optionally, a flexible cable protection tube 305 is provided on the outside of the cable in the soil sensor module. The flexible cable protection tube protects the cable and improves the durability of the soil sensor module. Furthermore, stress-absorbing material is injected into the gap between the cable and the flexible cable protection tube to absorb external compressive stress. This further enhances the soil sensor module's ability to withstand collapse impacts.

[0056] After the soil sensor is inserted into the backfill soil, staff can only be aware of the abnormality in the monitored environment when the sensor malfunctions. In order to prevent collapse in advance, in an optional embodiment, the soil sensor module also includes a tilt sensor 306.

[0057] The tilt sensor is connected to both the soil sensor and the controller to monitor the tilt angle of the soil sensor and feed the tilt angle back to the controller.

[0058] When the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds the first preset threshold, it sends an opening command to the pipeline switch and sends operation commands to the vibration generator and the filling pump respectively, so as to compact the backfill soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than the second preset threshold; wherein, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, a tilt sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle of the soil sensor in real time and feed it back to the controller to determine the tilt status of the soil sensor. When the tilt angle exceeds a first preset threshold, an alarm is triggered. Simultaneously, the controller activates a vibration generator to drive the pipeline to vibrate and controls the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag to further compact the soil until the tilt angle of the soil sensor is less than a second preset threshold. Alternatively, if the difference between the tilt angle and the first preset threshold is small, the controller can also compact the soil simply by controlling the expansion of the elastic airbag.

[0060] In summary, to ensure effective compaction of the backfill soil, this invention utilizes air expansion to compress the surrounding soil, combined with vibration to enhance density, thereby improving the stability of the backfill soil-well casing interface and solving the problem of backfill layer collapse in geological monitoring wells. Addressing the issue of soil sensors being easily damaged by stress, this invention employs integrated flexible sensor protection technology, using a spring buffer device to isolate soil displacement stress and ensure the sensor is not damaged. Furthermore, a tilt sensor is used to monitor the sensor's tilt state caused by soil collapse in real time and feeds feedback to the controller to initiate a series of compaction operations on the soil.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] This invention also provides a protection method for geological monitoring wells used for soil water monitoring. This method is applied to the geological monitoring wells for soil water monitoring provided in Embodiment 1 above. The following is a detailed description of the protection method for geological monitoring wells for soil water monitoring provided in this invention. The method specifically includes the following:

[0063] After the well casing installation and soil backfilling are completed, and before multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, multiple soil stabilizers are inserted into the backfill soil.

[0064] The control pipe switch is turned on, the vibration generator is controlled to vibrate, and the filling pump is controlled to operate so that the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts to continuously compact the backfill soil until the preset termination condition is reached, at which point the pipe switch is turned off.

[0065] In one optional embodiment, the present invention further includes the following:

[0066] The tilt angle of the soil sensor is obtained; if the tilt angle exceeds the first preset threshold, an opening command is sent to the pipeline switch, and operation commands are sent to the vibration generator and the filling pump respectively, so as to compact the backfill soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than the second preset threshold; wherein, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0067] The construction method of geological monitoring wells for soil water monitoring and the usage of related structures have been described in detail above, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring, characterized in that, include: The well casing, controller, multiple soil stabilizers, and multiple soil sensor modules; each of the soil stabilizers includes: a vibration generator, a mounting frame, a filling pump, a pipeline switch, a pipeline, and at least one elastic airbag; The well casing has multiple monitoring holes vertically opened in the casing wall. The soil stabilizer and the soil sensor module are respectively inserted into the backfill soil of the geological monitoring well through different monitoring holes. The soil stabilizer is installed above and below each soil sensor module. The filling pump is connected to the pipeline via the pipeline switch, the elastic airbag is fixed to the pipeline, and the portion of the pipeline wrapped by the elastic airbag has at least one opening; the pipeline is used to be inserted into the backfill soil. The fixing frame is used to fix the soil stabilizer to the well pipe; the vibration generator is connected to the pipeline and is mounted on the fixing frame; The controller is connected to the vibration generator, the filling pump, the pipeline switch, and multiple soil sensor modules respectively; After the well casing installation and soil backfilling are completed, and before the multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, multiple soil stabilizers are inserted into the backfill soil. The controller controls the pipeline switch to open, controls the vibration generator to vibrate, and controls the filling pump to run so that the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts to continuously compact the backfill soil until the preset end condition is reached, at which point the pipeline switch is closed.

2. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the soil sensor modules includes: a soil sensor, a sensor mounting device, a sensor bracket, and a sensor interface; The soil sensor is connected to the sensor bracket via the sensor fixing device; The soil sensor is used to be inserted into the backfill soil; The sensor bracket is used to fix the soil sensor module onto the well pipe; One end of the sensor interface is connected to the soil sensor via a cable, and the other end is connected to the controller, for transmitting power and data to the soil sensor.

3. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil sensor module also includes: a tilt sensor; The tilt sensor is connected to both the soil sensor and the controller, and is used to monitor the tilt angle of the soil sensor and feed the tilt angle back to the controller. When the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds a first preset threshold, it sends an opening command to the pipeline switch and an operation command to the vibration generator and the filling pump, respectively, to compact the backfill soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than a second preset threshold; wherein, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

4. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The sensor fixing device includes a helical spring structure; the helical spring structure is used to buffer external stress.

5. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The soil sensor module has a flexible cable protection tube installed on the outside of the cable.

6. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, Stress-absorbing material is injected into the gap between the cable and the flexible cable protection tube to absorb external compressive stress.

7. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Strain gauges are attached to the surface of the elastic airbag, and the preset termination condition includes: after the elastic airbag has been in a continuously inflated state for a specified period of time, the surface tension is less than a preset tension threshold. The strain gauge is communicatively connected to the controller and is used to monitor the surface tension of the elastic airbag and send it to the controller; The controller determines whether the preset termination condition has been met based on the surface tension and the preset tension threshold.

8. The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the elastic airbag is provided with anti-slip texture.

9. A protection method for geological monitoring wells used for soil water monitoring, characterized in that, The geological monitoring well for soil water monitoring as described in any one of claims 1-8 comprises: After the well casing installation and soil backfilling are completed, and before multiple soil sensor modules are inserted into the backfill soil, multiple soil stabilizers are inserted into the backfill soil. The control pipe switch is turned on, the vibration generator is controlled to vibrate, and the filling pump is controlled to run so that the elastic airbag repeatedly expands and contracts to continuously compact the backfill soil until the preset end condition is reached, at which point the pipe switch is turned off.

10. The protection method for geological monitoring wells used for soil water monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the tilt angle of the soil sensor; If the tilt angle exceeds a first preset threshold, an opening command is sent to the pipeline switch, and operation commands are sent to the vibration generator and the filling pump respectively, so as to compact the backfill soil through vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag until the tilt angle is less than a second preset threshold; wherein, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

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