Method and device for identifying and filling acquisition data empty mining area, medium and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for identifying and filling an acquisition data air mining area, a medium and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, obtaining the actual shot point position information and the detection point position information of a whole work area, calculating shot point regularization target points and detection point regularization target points of the whole work area in combination with parameters of a work area acquisition observation system; step 2, establishing an initial grid; 3, screening out an initial empty grid; 4, establishing an expansion initial empty grid and screening out an initial shot point regularization target point; 5, establishing a correction grid, screening out a correction empty grid, screening out a final shot point regularization target point, and screening out a detection point regularization target point in combination with shot and detection point relation information; and step 6, performing data filling on the acquired data empty mining area by using a data regularization processing method. According to the invention, the accuracy of data filling in the air mining area and the working efficiency of data regularization processing in the air mining area can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a three-dimensional seismic exploration data processing technology, specifically a method, apparatus, medium, and terminal equipment for identifying and filling empty areas in acquired data. Background Technology

[0002] During the acquisition of 3D seismic exploration data, there is often an uneven distribution of shot points and receiver points, as well as large unexploded areas with obstacles. This results in an uneven spatial distribution of the physical points acquired during the acquisition of 3D seismic exploration data, leading to uneven coverage of seismic data, affecting the overall signal-to-noise ratio of the data, and making it difficult to achieve accurate imaging of geological bodies on seismic profiles in subsequent migration processing.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, data regularization methods are currently commonly used to regularize spatially irregular acquisition points, ensuring their uniform spatial distribution. By searching for seismic traces within a certain range, missing traces from the initial acquisition are constructed, effectively filling data gaps in unacquired areas and increasing coverage of these areas, thereby improving the quality of seismic data. In the past, data regularization methods in industrial applications typically regularized the spatial locations of all shot points and receivers across the entire work area, posing potential risks to fidelity and amplitude preservation. The effectiveness of compensating for unacquired areas was also difficult to control. In recent years, higher requirements have been placed on the fidelity and amplitude preservation of seismic data. Therefore, data regularization is now typically applied only to unacquired areas that are significantly affected by subsequent migration imaging processing.

[0004] Currently, when performing data regularization on unexploded orifice areas, the location and extent of these areas are typically identified manually, and then data regularization methods are used to fill in the data. However, manual identification makes it difficult to accurately control the boundaries of the unexploded orifice areas and to precisely identify their location and extent. This affects the accuracy of subsequent data filling, and consequently, the fidelity and amplitude preservation of seismic data. Furthermore, manual identification struggles to avoid the discrete physical points within the unexploded orifice areas, resulting in a large number of pick points. A large number of pick points can cause lag in the software interface and workflow, severely impacting the efficiency of data regularization on unexploded orifice areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a method, apparatus, medium, and terminal equipment for identifying and filling empty data acquisition zones, thereby improving the quality of seismic data and increasing work efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A method for identifying and filling empty acquisition areas in data collection, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Obtaining the actual shot point location information and receiver location information of the entire work area, and calculating the regularized target points of shot points and receiver points of the entire work area by combining the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system; Step 2: Establishing an initial grid that can cover all shot points; Step 3: Projecting the actual shot point locations onto the initial grid and filtering out the initial empty grids to achieve the initial identification of empty acquisition areas in data collection; Step 4: Expanding the initial empty grids to obtain expanded initial empty grids, projecting the expanded initial empty grids onto the regularized target points of shot points of the entire work area, and filtering out the initial regularized target points of shot points. Step 5: Establish a correction grid that covers all shot points, project the actual shot point locations onto the correction grid, and filter out empty correction grids to re-identify the empty areas of the acquired data. Project the empty correction grids onto the initial shot point regularization target points, filter out the final shot point regularization target points, and filter out the final receiver regularization target points corresponding to the final shot point regularization target points based on the shot-receiver relationship information. Step 6: Based on the final shot point regularization target points, the final receiver regularization target points, the shot-receiver relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data with empty areas that need to be processed, use data regularization processing methods to fill the empty areas of the acquired data.

[0007] As a limitation of the present invention, the initial grid includes a first rectangular grid composed of a plurality of first rectangular grid cells.

[0008] As a further limitation of the present invention, the modified mesh includes a second rectangular mesh composed of a plurality of second rectangular mesh units, wherein the size of the second rectangular mesh unit is smaller than the size of the first rectangular mesh unit.

[0009] This invention also provides an apparatus for identifying and filling empty areas in acquired data. This apparatus can implement the method for identifying and filling empty areas in acquired data described in any of the above-mentioned claims. The apparatus includes: a preprocessing module, which calculates regularized target points for shot points and regularized target points for receivers in the entire work area based on the actual shot point location information and receiver location information of the entire work area, combined with the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system; a grid establishment and regularized target point screening module, which can obtain an initial grid, an initial empty grid, an extended initial empty grid, and a corrected grid, and can screen out the final regularized target points for shot points, and screen out the corresponding regularized target points for receivers based on the shot-receiver relationship information; and an empty area data filling module, which fills the empty areas in the acquired data using a data regularization processing method based on the final regularized target points for shot points, the final regularized target points for receivers, the shot-receiver relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data containing empty areas that need to be processed.

[0010] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas as described in any of the above claims.

[0011] The present invention also provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it can implement the method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas as described in any of the above.

[0012] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention first uses an initial empty grid to identify and determine the basic location and extent of the empty data acquisition area, avoiding smaller empty acquisition areas. Then, a corrected empty grid is used to further accurately identify the location and extent of the empty acquisition area and precisely fill in the shot point regularization target points. Simultaneously, combined with shot-receiver relationship information, corresponding receiver point regularization target points are selected. This effectively improves the accuracy of data filling in empty acquisition areas and the efficiency of data regularization processing in empty acquisition areas. This invention is suitable for use when processing irregular seismic data with empty acquisition areas. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the actual shot point location distribution, initial grid, and initial empty grid of irregular seismic data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the regularized target point location distribution, initial grid, and initial empty grid of the entire work area in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the actual shot point location distribution and the regularized target point location distribution selected from the initial empty grid in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the initial empty grid and the expanded initial empty grid in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the actual shot point location distribution, corrected grid, and corrected empty grid in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the actual distribution of shot points and the final regularized target points in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the actual distribution of shot points and the distribution of regularized target points selected from the initial empty grid without expansion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the actual gun point location distribution and the final regularized target point location distribution in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a block diagram of a device for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; In the diagram: 201, Preprocessing module; 202, Grid establishment and regularized target point filtering module; 203, Data filling module for empty mining area. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and understanding purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0016] Example 1: A method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment 1 includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the actual shot point location information and receiver location information for the entire work area. Combine the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system to calculate the regularized target points of the shot points and receiver points for the entire work area. The required parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system include the coordinates of the first shot point and the first receiver point, the azimuth of the work area, the shot point distance, the receiver point distance, the shot line distance, the receiver line distance, the total number of shot lines, the total number of receiver lines, the total number of shot points on a shot line, and the total number of receiver points on a receiver line.

[0017] Step 2: Establish an initial grid that can cover all firing points. The initial grid includes a first rectangular grid composed of multiple first rectangular grid units. The horizontal and vertical lengths of the first rectangular grid units need to be adaptively adjusted according to the actual size of the empty mining area to be filled.

[0018] Step 3: Project the actual shot locations onto the initial grid. Traverse all first rectangular grid cells, count the number of shot points within each cell, and select all first rectangular grid cells with zero shot points as the initial empty grid to achieve the initial identification of the empty data acquisition area. It should be noted that at this point, it is necessary to determine whether the selected first rectangular grid cells are within the range of the empty data acquisition area that needs to be regularized. If not, return to step 2 to adjust the horizontal and vertical lengths of the first rectangular grid cells. Project the regularized shot points onto the initial empty grid. Select the regularized shot points located within the initial empty grid and project them onto the actual shot distribution map. It can be seen that the regularized shot points at this point can basically fill the empty data acquisition area, but there is still a large gap between the area filling the empty data acquisition area and the actual shot points, requiring further processing.

[0019] Step 4: Expand all the first rectangular grid cells in the initial empty grid by one first rectangular grid cell in each of the four directions of top, bottom, left, and right to obtain the expanded initial empty grid. Project the expanded initial empty grid onto the regularized target points of the shot points in the entire work area and filter out the regularized target points of the initial shot points.

[0020] Step 5: Establish a correction grid that covers all shot points. The correction grid consists of multiple second rectangular grid cells, each smaller than the first rectangular grid cell. Project the actual shot point locations onto the correction grid. Traverse all second rectangular grid cells, count the number of shot points within each cell, and select all cells with zero shot points as the correction empty grid to re-identify empty acquisition areas. Project the correction empty grid onto the initial shot point regularization target points. Select second rectangular grid cells within the correction empty grid that have more than zero shot point regularization target points. Use these cells as the final shot point regularization target points. Based on the relationship between the final shot point regularization target points and the shot-receiver point, select the final receiver point regularization target points corresponding to the final shot point regularization target points. It should be noted that the above-mentioned final shot point regularization target points need to be projected onto the actual shot point distribution map to check the fit between the outer contour of the selected final shot point regularization target point range and the outer contour of the empty mining area shape. If the final shot point regularization target points coincide with the actual shot points, or if the distance between the regularization target point closest to the actual shot point and the surrounding actual shot points is too large, then the size of the second rectangular grid cell in this step needs to be adjusted.

[0021] Step Six: Based on the final shot point regularization target point, the final receiver point regularization target point, the shot-receiver relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data with empty mining areas that need to be processed, data filling of the empty mining areas in the acquired data is performed using a data regularization processing method. Specifically, in this embodiment 1, the data regularization processing method is the existing weighted matching pursuit Fourier interpolation method, which can be implemented in the OMEGA processing software developed by Schlumberger.

[0022] Application Examples To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, a specific application example is given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that this example is merely for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and any specific details therein are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0023] Step 1: Based on the actual seismic data collected in a certain work area in the central Sichuan Basin, obtain the actual shot point location information and receiver location information for the entire work area. Combined with the parameters of the work area's acquisition and observation system, calculate the regularized target points of the shot points and receivers for the entire work area.

[0024] Step 2: Establish an initial grid that covers all shot points. This initial grid consists of multiple first rectangular grid cells. Specifically, in this embodiment 1, the starting point is set at the location of the first receiver point in the southwest corner of the work area. The grid azimuth is the azimuth angle of the work area. Based on the distance between the first receiver point and the last receiver point on this receiver line, and the set size of the first rectangular grid cells, the number of first rectangular grid cells in the longitudinal (inline) direction and the number of first rectangular grid cells in the transverse (xline) direction can be calculated. For conventional orthogonal observation systems, setting the initial grid based on the receiver point locations ensures that the initial grid completely covers all shot points in the work area. In this embodiment 1, the data acquisition area requiring filling is a large area. The lengths of the first rectangular grid cells established here, both transversely and longitudinally, are twice the shot line distance and receiver line distance, which precisely avoids smaller areas of the acquisition area.

[0025] Step 3, as follows Figure 2 As shown, the actual shot locations are projected onto the initial grid. All first rectangular grid cells are traversed, the number of shot points within each cell is counted, and all first rectangular grid cells with zero shot points are selected and used as initial empty grids to achieve the initial identification of empty data acquisition areas. Figure 3 As shown, the shot point is regularized and projected onto the initial empty grid. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the regularized target points of the shot points located in the initial empty grid are filtered out and projected onto the actual shot point distribution map. It can be seen that the regularized target points of the shot points can basically fill the empty mining area, but there is still a large gap between the area that fills the empty mining area and the actual shot points, which requires further processing.

[0026] Step 4, as follows Figure 5 As shown, all the first rectangular grid cells in the initial empty grid are expanded by one first rectangular grid cell in each of the four directions of top, bottom, left and right to obtain an expanded initial empty grid. The expanded initial empty grid is then projected onto the regularized target points of the shot points in the entire work area, and the regularized target points of the initial shot points are selected.

[0027] Step 5, as follows Figure 6As shown, a correction grid covering all shot points is established. This correction grid includes multiple second rectangular grid cells, each smaller than the first rectangular grid cell. The actual shot point locations are projected onto the correction grid. All second rectangular grid cells are traversed, and the number of shot points within each cell is counted. All cells with zero shot points are selected and treated as empty correction grids to re-identify empty acquisition areas. These empty correction grids are then projected onto the initial shot point regularization target points. Second rectangular grid cells with more than zero regularized target points within these empty correction grids are selected as the final shot point regularization target points. Based on the relationship between the final shot point regularization target points and the shot-receiver point, the corresponding final receiver point regularization target points are selected. It should be noted that, as... Figure 7 As shown, the final regularized target points need to be projected onto the actual target point distribution map to check the fit between the outer contour of the selected final regularized target points and the outer contour of the unmined area. If the final regularized target points coincide with the actual target points, or if the distance between the regularized target point closest to the actual target point and the surrounding actual target points is too large, then the size of the second rectangular grid cell in this step needs to be adjusted. Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, compared with the distribution of the regularized target points of the shot points selected from the initial empty grid without expansion, it can be seen that the location of the regularized target points of the shot points is closer to the boundary of the empty data acquisition area and does not coincide with the actual shot points.

[0028] Step Six: Based on the final shot point regularization target point, the final receiver point regularization target point, the shot-receiver relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data with empty mining areas that need to be processed, data filling of the empty mining areas in the acquired data is performed using data regularization processing methods. This application example uses the weighted matching pursuit Fourier interpolation method, implemented using the OMEGA processing software developed by Schlumberger.

[0029] Example 2: A device for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas like Figure 10As shown, this embodiment 2 includes a preprocessing module 201, a grid establishment and regularized target point selection module 202, and an empty mining area data filling module 203. The preprocessing module 201 calculates regularized target points for both shot points and receivers for the entire work area based on the actual shot point and receiver location information, combined with parameters from the work area's acquisition and observation system. The grid establishment and regularized target point selection module 202 obtains an initial grid, an initial empty grid, an extended initial empty grid, and a corrected grid, and can select the final regularized target points for shot points, and select the corresponding regularized target points for receivers based on shot-receiver relationship information. The empty mining area data filling module 203 fills the empty mining area data using a data regularization processing method, based on the final regularized target points for shot points, the final regularized target points for receivers, the shot-receiver relationship information in the work area's acquisition and observation system parameters, and the irregular seismic data containing empty mining areas. It should be noted that the preprocessing module 201, the grid establishment and filtering of regular target points module 202, and the empty mining area data filling module 203 all adopt the methods in Example 1 to implement their respective functions.

[0030] Example 3: A computer-readable storage medium In this embodiment 3, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, this computer program can implement the aforementioned method for identifying and filling empty acquisition areas of collected data. Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of this disclosure are performed. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0031] Example 4: A terminal device This embodiment 4 includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method in embodiment 1.

[0032] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the actual shot point location information and receiver location information for the entire work area, and calculate the regularized target points of shot points and receiver points for the entire work area by combining the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system; Step 2: Establish an initial grid that covers all firing points; Step 3: Project the actual shot locations onto the initial grid and filter out the initial empty grids to achieve the initial identification of the empty data acquisition area; Step 4: Expand the initial empty grid to obtain an expanded initial empty grid. Project the expanded initial empty grid onto the regularized target points of the shot points in the entire work area and filter out the regularized target points of the initial shot points. Step 5: Establish a correction grid that covers all shot points, project the actual shot point locations onto the correction grid and filter out the correction empty grids to re-identify the empty acquisition areas of the acquired data, project the correction empty grids onto the initial shot point regularization target points, filter out the final shot point regularization target points, and filter out the final receiver point regularization target points corresponding to the final shot point regularization target points based on the relationship information between the final shot point regularization target points and the shot-receiver points. Step 6: Based on the final shot point regularization target point, the final receiver point regularization target point, the shot-receiver relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data with empty mining areas that need to be processed, use the data regularization processing method to fill the empty mining areas of the acquired data.

2. The method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial grid includes a first rectangular grid composed of multiple first rectangular grid cells.

3. The method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corrected mesh includes a second rectangular mesh composed of multiple second rectangular mesh units, the size of which is smaller than the size of the first rectangular mesh unit.

4. A device for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas, characterized in that, The apparatus for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas can realize the method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas as described in any one of claims 1-3; The device for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas includes: The preprocessing module calculates the regularized target points of the shot points and the regularized target points of the receivers for the entire work area based on the actual shot point location information and receiver location information of the entire work area, combined with the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system. The module for establishing a grid and filtering regularized target points can obtain the initial grid, the initial empty grid, the extended initial empty grid, and the corrected grid, and can filter out the final regularized target points of the shot points. Combined with the shot-receiver relationship information, it can filter out the corresponding regularized target points of the receiver points. The empty mining area data filling module fills the empty mining area data using data regularization processing methods, based on the final shot point regularization target point, the final receiver point regularization target point, the shot-receiver point relationship information in the parameters of the work area acquisition and observation system, and the irregular seismic data with empty mining areas that need to be processed.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables the implementation of a method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas as described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a method for identifying and filling empty data acquisition areas as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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