Self-adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp
By combining the thick-walled area of the adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp with elastic components, uniform pressure and heat dissipation on the battery surface are achieved, solving the problems of localized aging and thermal runaway caused by traditional clamps, and improving the safety and lifespan of the battery.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional spring-type or bolt-type clamps in existing technologies cannot apply uniform pressure to the entire surface of high-voltage solid-state batteries. This leads to excessive current convergence in areas of concentrated pressure, forming local hot spots, while electrochemical reactions become unbalanced in areas of insufficient pressure, thereby accelerating battery aging and increasing the risk of thermal runaway.
An adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp is adopted. By combining the thick-walled area with the elastic component, the battery expansion force is converted into an adaptive and uniformly distributed reverse stacking pressure. Heat is dissipated through the heat dissipation channel, the temperature distribution is regulated, and the electrode interface is kept in close contact.
It effectively maintains close contact between the electrode and the solid electrolyte interface, avoids local current overload and reaction imbalance, improves battery safety, prevents local overheating, and extends battery life.
Smart Images
Figure CN121769402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery clamping technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp. Background Technology
[0002] High-voltage solid-state batteries are advanced batteries that combine solid electrolytes and high-voltage cathode materials. They use robust solid electrolytes instead of traditional liquid electrolytes, fundamentally eliminating the risk of fire and more effectively suppressing lithium dendrite formation, thus greatly improving the battery's intrinsic safety. Simultaneously, the high-voltage cathode materials used in these batteries can output higher voltages, directly increasing the battery's energy density and enabling longer driving ranges.
[0003] When testing high-voltage solid-state batteries, traditional spring-type or bolt-type clamps in existing technologies are difficult to apply uniform pressure to the entire surface of the battery. This results in good interfacial contact and low impedance in areas of concentrated pressure, making it easy for current to accumulate excessively and form local hot spots. Meanwhile, areas with insufficient pressure are almost in a non-operating state, which can lead to an imbalance in the internal temperature distribution and electrochemical reactions of the battery. Therefore, this not only accelerates local aging of the battery, but may also bring about the safety hazard of thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides an adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp. The thick-walled region and elastic components transform the battery expansion force into an adaptive and uniformly distributed reverse stacking pressure, continuously maintaining tight contact at the electrode interfaces and thus solving the problem of uneven pressure. Simultaneously, the internal cooling airflow dissipates heat, regulating the temperature distribution within the thick-walled region and preventing localized overheating of the high-voltage solid-state battery. This addresses the problem mentioned in the background art, namely, that existing traditional spring-type or bolt-type clamps cannot apply uniform pressure to the entire battery surface. This results in good interface contact and low impedance at pressure concentration points, making it easy for current to excessively converge and form localized hot spots; while areas with insufficient pressure are almost in a non-operating state, leading to an imbalance in the internal temperature distribution and electrochemical reactions of the battery. This not only accelerates localized battery aging but may also pose a risk of thermal runaway.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp is provided, including a support mechanism. The support mechanism includes a housing, and the outer surface of the housing is provided with a snap-fit groove. A snap-fit part adapted to the snap-fit groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing on the side away from the snap-fit groove. A heat dissipation duct is provided on the outer surface of the housing on the side near the snap-fit groove. The high-voltage solid-state battery is disposed inside the housing, and the high-voltage solid-state battery is covered with a protective mechanism. The protection mechanism includes a thick-walled region, which includes a first contact layer, an intermediate layer and a first protective layer stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first contact layer is used to contact the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery. The thin-walled region is arranged adjacent to the thick-walled region, and the thin-walled region is provided with a second contact layer and a second protective layer from the inside to the outside.
[0006] It is worth noting that the material of the second protective layer is the same as that of the first protective layer, and the material of the second contact layer is the same as that of the first contact layer. The protection mechanism can provide adaptive and uniformly distributed pressure during the expansion process of the high-voltage solid-state battery during charging and discharging, thereby effectively maintaining close contact between the electrode and the solid electrolyte interface and avoiding local current overload or reaction imbalance caused by uneven pressure.
[0007] In the above technical solution, an elastic component is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer. The cross-section of the elastic component is corrugated. The elastic component is arranged in multiple segments along the length of the intermediate layer, and the width of the elastic component in the middle segment is greater than the width of the elastic components on both sides. The elastic component is used to apply uniform pressure to the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery when it expands.
[0008] Meanwhile, a flexible rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer, and the outer surface of the flexible rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second contact layer. The outer surface of the flexible rod is provided with heat dissipation holes, and deformation grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the heat dissipation holes. The deformation grooves are used to create deformation space when the high-voltage solid-state battery expands. It is worth noting that a filler is also filled between the inner wall of the intermediate layer and the first contact layer. The elastic component conducts the heat generated by the high-voltage solid-state battery during operation and discharges the heat through the heat dissipation duct, thereby achieving heat dissipation and preventing local overheating, thus improving the safety of the high-voltage solid-state battery during charging and discharging.
[0009] The first contact layer and the first protective layer have the same thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate layer is equivalent to the sum of the thicknesses of the first contact layer and the first protective layer.
[0010] Preferably, a second through hole is provided on the second protective layer and the second contact layer of the thin-walled region. The second through hole corresponds to and is connected to the heat dissipation hole, which is used to guide heat to the heat dissipation duct.
[0011] Based on the above, the inner wall of the thick-walled region can also be used for winding and fixing of soft-pack solid-state batteries.
[0012] Meanwhile, a first through hole is provided on the first protective layer, and the first through hole corresponds to the position of the heat dissipation air duct. The first through hole is used to dissipate heat from the soft-pack solid-state battery.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery fixture, the protection mechanism can provide adaptive and uniformly distributed pressure during the expansion process of the high-voltage solid-state battery during charging and discharging, thereby effectively maintaining close contact between the electrode and the solid electrolyte interface and avoiding local current overload or reaction imbalance caused by uneven pressure.
[0014] 2. In this adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery fixture, the heat generated by the high-voltage solid-state battery during operation is discharged through the elastic component and then dissipated through the heat dissipation duct, thereby achieving heat dissipation and preventing local overheating, thus improving the safety of the high-voltage solid-state battery during charging and discharging. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-voltage solid-state battery of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-voltage solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-voltage solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-voltage solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage solid-state battery structure during expansion according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage solid-state battery and different fillers of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soft-pack solid-state battery of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the soft-pack solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the soft-pack solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the soft-pack solid-state battery and protection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the soft-pack solid-state battery of the present invention and different fillers.
[0016] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Support mechanism; 11. Outer shell; 12. Snap-fit groove; 13. Snap-fit part; 14. Heat dissipation duct; 2. High-voltage solid-state battery; 21. Soft-pack solid-state battery; 3. Protection mechanism; 31. Thick-walled area; 311. First contact layer; 312. Intermediate layer; 313. Elastic component; 314. Flexible rod; 315. Heat dissipation hole; 316. Deformation groove; 317. First protective layer; 318. Filler; 319. First through hole; 32. Thin-walled area; 321. Second through hole; 322. Second protective layer; 323. Second contact layer. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0018] Because traditional spring-type or bolt-type clamps in existing technologies cannot achieve uniform pressure on the entire surface of the battery, the interface contact effect in the pressure concentration area is good and the impedance is low, which leads to excessive current accumulation and the generation of local hot spots; while the area with insufficient pressure hardly participates in the work, which will cause uneven temperature distribution and electrochemical reaction imbalance inside the battery. Therefore, it will accelerate the local aging of the battery and may also lead to the possibility of thermal runaway.
[0019] Therefore, in view of the problems mentioned above, this first embodiment refers to... Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: an adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp, including a support mechanism 1, the support mechanism 1 including a shell 11, the shell 11 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which has strength and rigidity, can provide constraint on the internal unit structure, and has the advantage of lightweight. The outer surface of the shell 11 is provided with a snap-fit groove 12, and the outer wall of the shell 11 away from the snap-fit groove 12 is fixedly connected with a snap-fit part 13 adapted to the snap-fit groove 12. Adjacent shells 11 can be snapped into adjacent snap-fit grooves 12 through the snap-fit parts 13 on the corresponding sides, thereby ensuring that the heat dissipation air ducts 14 can remain interconnected. The outer surface of the shell 11 near the snap-fit groove 12 is provided with a heat dissipation air duct 14. The feature is that: a high-voltage solid-state battery 2 is disposed inside the shell 11, and the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 is covered with a protective mechanism 3. The protective mechanism 3 includes a thick-walled region 31, which adopts a continuous gradient composite structure, transitioning from the first protective layer 317 through the intermediate layer 312 to the first contact layer 311. This effectively eliminates stress concentration and achieves uniform pressure transmission to the surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2. The thick-walled region 31 includes a first contact layer 311, an intermediate layer 312, and a first protective layer 317 stacked sequentially from the inside out. The first contact layer 311 is used to contact the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2. Since the first protective layer 317 bears a restraining role, it is made of a high-rigidity, high-temperature resistant ceramic matrix composite material to limit excessive expansion of the unit structure and provide support for the high-voltage solid-state battery 2. The intermediate layer 312 is the main pressure generation area of the composite structure and needs to provide elastic recovery force through deformation, so a self-healing high-elasticity material is selected. The first contact layer 311 contacts the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 to uniformly transmit stress and provide initial fastening, so a flexible coating material is selected.
[0020] refer to Figure 7 , 12 As shown, the inner wall of the intermediate layer 312 and the first contact layer 311 are further filled with filler 318.
[0021] It should be noted that the materials in the gradient composite structure of the thick-walled region 31 can be replaced as needed. The first protective layer 317 can be made of silicon carbide reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, which gives it the advantages of extremely high rigidity and ultra-wide temperature resistance. The filler 318 inside the intermediate layer 312 can be selected as a self-healing polyurethane elastomer as the matrix, and hollow glass microspheres are doped to extend its service life. The first contact layer 311 can be made of medical silicone rubber coated with silver nanowire conductive network, which can achieve flexible bonding and uniform pressure transmission while having the function of current equalization.
[0022] In addition, the filler 318 of the intermediate layer 312 can also be doped with relevant functional particles to expand the overall function: for example, piezoelectric ceramic particles can be filled in so that when the volume of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 expands during charging and discharging, the mechanical stress generated by the expansion can be converted into an electrical signal, providing a path for pressure monitoring; temperature-sensitive shape memory materials can also be filled in so that the stiffness of the intermediate layer 312 can be adaptively adjusted with the battery operating temperature.
[0023] Thin-walled region 32 is arranged adjacent to thick-walled region 31. Thin-walled region 32 is provided with second contact layer 323 and second protective layer 322 from the inside to the outside. Since the volume of high-voltage solid-state battery 2 expands towards thick-walled region 31 during charging and discharging, and thick-walled region 31 adopts a structure design in which the first contact layer 311 and the first protective layer 317 are both thinner than the intermediate layer 312, a gradient composite characteristic in the expansion direction is formed. Thin-walled region 32 is a non-expanding region. Therefore, its intermediate layer 312 is simplified into a double-layer structure, forming a non-uniform composite structure design, which simplifies the manufacturing process of thin-walled region 32 and reduces the production cost of thin-walled region 32.
[0024] The material of the second protective layer 322 is the same as that of the first protective layer 317, and the material of the second contact layer 323 is the same as that of the first contact layer 311. By utilizing the groove structure formed by the adjacent connection of the thick-walled region 31 and the thin-walled region 32, the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 can be placed in the groove to form a unit structure.
[0025] refer to Figure 4 As shown, an elastic component 313 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer 312. The elastic component 313 is made of fluorosilicone rubber, which is resistant to high temperatures and provides radial elastic restoring force. The cross-section of the elastic component 313 is corrugated. The elastic component 313 is arranged in multiple segments along the length of the intermediate layer 312, and the width of the elastic component 313 in the middle segment is greater than the width of the elastic components 313 on both sides. The elastic component 313 is used to apply uniform pressure to the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 when it expands. The deformation generated by the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 during charge-discharge cycles or storage will drive the thick-walled region 31 and the thin-walled region 32 together. The fixture undergoes passive deformation. Due to its structural characteristics, the expansion force of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 in the thick-walled region 31 is first transmitted to the intermediate layer 312 via the first contact layer 311. The intermediate layer 312 undergoes elastic deformation and compresses the first protective layer 317. The first protective layer 317 has sufficient rigidity and, apart from undergoing a small amount of expansion itself, can be used to limit the overall expansion of the fixture. At the same time, due to the high elasticity of the intermediate layer 312 material, it generates an elastic recovery force towards the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 after being compressed, which is transmitted through the first contact layer 311 and then converted into the dynamic stacking pressure required by the high-voltage solid-state battery 2. Therefore, the greater the expansion of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2, the greater the deformation of its constraint will be, thereby increasing the stacking pressure of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2, and thus achieving continuous dynamic maintenance of close contact between the electrode and the solid electrolyte interface throughout the entire battery cycle.
[0026] Due to the deformation of the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 during charge-discharge cycles or storage, heat is generated. (Refer to...) Figure 5-6As shown, a flexible rod 314 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer 312. The outer surface of the flexible rod 314 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second contact layer 323. A heat dissipation hole 315 is provided on the outer surface of the flexible rod 314. Deformation grooves 316 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the heat dissipation hole 315. The deformation grooves 316 are used to create a deformation space when the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 expands. The heat generated by the high-voltage solid-state battery 2 during charge-discharge cycles or storage is transferred to the intermediate layer 312 through the first contact layer 311, and then conducted to the elastic component 313. The heat is then discharged through the heat dissipation hole 315 into the heat dissipation duct 14 via the elastic component 313.
[0027] The first contact layer 311 and the first protective layer 317 have the same thickness. The thickness of the intermediate layer 312 is equivalent to the sum of the thicknesses of the first contact layer 311 and the first protective layer 317. The second protective layer 322 and the second contact layer 323 of the thin-walled region 32 are provided with a second through hole 321. The second through hole 321 corresponds to and is connected to the heat dissipation hole 315. The heat dissipation hole 315 is used to guide heat to the heat dissipation duct 14.
[0028] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 8-12 Based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Since the pouch solid-state battery 21 will undergo irregular deformation during charge-discharge cycles or storage, the inner wall of the thick-walled region 31 is used to wind and fix the pouch solid-state battery 21. The first contact layer 311 in the thick-walled region 31 that contacts the pouch solid-state battery 21 can adapt to the irregular deformation of the surface of the pouch solid-state battery 21. At the same time, the gradient composite structure of the thick-walled region 31 can provide uniform constraint force, thereby effectively suppressing the swelling of the pouch battery.
[0029] It should be noted that the pre-prepared gradient composite flexible composite material retains the original gradient functional distribution in the thickness direction. During encapsulation, the soft-pack solid-state battery 21 is placed on the inner wall of the thick-walled region 31, so that the thick-walled region 31 tightly wraps the soft-pack solid-state battery 21 in the circumferential direction. At the same time, it is tightened to a preset pressure with the help of special tools, thereby ensuring that the first contact layer 311 of the gradient structure is uniformly attached to the surface of the cell. Subsequently, the joint of the thick-walled region 31 is permanently fixed by laser welding. Finally, the pre-made rigid base plate and the rigid top cover integrating the safety valve and the terminal post are welded to the upper and lower ends of the side wall, respectively, thereby completing the encapsulation of the entire battery cell.
[0030] In addition, to further improve the safety of the pouch solid-state battery 21, a small amount of gas adsorption material can be doped into the material of the first contact layer 311 or the intermediate layer 312, so as to adsorb the trace amount of gas that may be generated during the cycle of the solid-state battery. At the same time, when the thick-walled region 31 needs to be tightly wrapped around the pouch solid-state battery 21, the material of its outermost first protective layer 317 is replaced with a ductile aluminum alloy, while the materials of the first contact layer 311 and the intermediate layer 312 remain unchanged.
[0031] refer to Figure 11 As shown, a first through hole 319 is provided on the first protective layer 317. The first through hole 319 corresponds to the position of the heat dissipation air duct 14. The first through hole 319 is used to dissipate heat from the soft-pack solid-state battery 21.
[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp, comprising a support mechanism (1), the support mechanism (1) comprising a housing (11), the outer surface of the housing (11) having a snap-fit groove (12), a snap-fit part (13) adapted to the snap-fit groove (12) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing (11) away from the snap-fit groove (12), and a heat dissipation duct (14) being provided on the outer surface of the housing (11) near the snap-fit groove (12), characterized in that: The high-voltage solid-state battery (2) is disposed inside the outer casing (11), and the high-voltage solid-state battery (2) is covered with a protective mechanism (3). The protection mechanism (3) includes: Thick-walled region (31), the thick-walled region (31) includes a first contact layer (311), an intermediate layer (312) and a first protective layer (317) stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside, the first contact layer (311) is used to contact the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery (2); Thin-walled region (32), which is adjacent to thick-walled region (31), and a second contact layer (323) and a second protective layer (322) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the thin-walled region (32).
2. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the second protective layer (322) is the same as that of the first protective layer (317), and the material of the second contact layer (323) is the same as that of the first contact layer (311).
3. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic component (313) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer (312). The cross-section of the elastic component (313) is corrugated. The elastic component (313) is arranged in multiple segments along the length of the intermediate layer (312). The width of the elastic component (313) in the middle segment is greater than the width of the elastic components (313) on both sides. The elastic component (313) is used to apply uniform pressure to the outer surface of the high-voltage solid-state battery (2) when it expands.
4. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flexible rod (314) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate layer (312), and the outer surface of the flexible rod (314) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second contact layer (323).
5. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible rod (314) has heat dissipation holes (315) on its outer surface. Deformation grooves (316) are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the heat dissipation holes (315). The deformation grooves (316) are used to create deformation space when the high-voltage solid-state battery (2) expands.
6. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the intermediate layer (312) and the first contact layer (311) are further filled with a filler (318).
7. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first contact layer (311) and the first protective layer (317) have the same thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate layer (312) is equivalent to the sum of the thicknesses of the first contact layer (311) and the first protective layer (317).
8. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second through hole (321) is provided on the second protective layer (322) and the second contact layer (323) of the thin-walled area (32). The second through hole (321) corresponds to and is connected to the heat dissipation hole (315). The heat dissipation hole (315) is used to guide heat to the heat dissipation duct (14).
9. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the thick-walled region (31) can also be used for winding and fixing of the soft-pack solid-state battery (21).
10. The adaptive high-voltage solid-state battery clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first protective layer (317) has a first through hole (319) which corresponds to the position of the heat dissipation duct (14) and is used to dissipate heat from the soft-pack solid-state battery (21).