Plant growth regulator containing gamma-aminobutyric acid and application of plant growth regulator to planting of cerasus humilis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation and plant growth regulation, and particularly relates to a plant growth regulator containing gamma-aminobutyric acid and application of the plant growth regulator in prunus humilis planting. Scientific spraying is carried out in the key fruit development period, the content of nutrients and functional substances such as fruit sugar, calcium content, vitamin C, anthocyanin, total phenols and total flavonoids is remarkably increased, meanwhile, metabolism of organic acid and amino acid is regulated and controlled, and therefore the quality and nutritive value of the cerasus humilis fruits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fruit tree cultivation and plant growth regulation technology, specifically relating to a plant growth regulator containing γ-aminobutyric acid and its application in the cultivation of European plum. Background Technology

[0002] European plum is a typical specialty small berry tree species in northern my country. Its fruit is rich in sugar, organic acids, vitamins, phenolic substances, and minerals, possessing both nutritional value and processing potential. However, under natural cultivation conditions, European plum fruit often suffers from insufficient sugar accumulation, low mineral content, and limited synthesis of functional substances, which restricts its commercial utilization and industrial development.

[0003] Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important signaling molecule widely distributed in plants, possessing multiple functions including regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism, enhancing stress resistance, and improving fruit quality. Existing literature largely focuses on the stress-regulating effects of GABA in vegetables and some fruit trees, while research on its application in improving the quality of European plum fruits, particularly in the comprehensive enhancement of sugar, mineral elements, vitamins, and phenolic compounds, is scarce. Therefore, developing a safe, efficient, and scientific GABA application program to significantly improve the nutritional and flavor quality of European plum fruits has significant industrial value and application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a plant growth regulator comprising γ-aminobutyric acid.

[0005] This invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned plant growth regulator in the cultivation of European plum.

[0006] Furthermore, this includes the following steps:

[0007] Before the fruit coloring and swelling stage of the European plum, spray the whole plant with a plant growth regulator. Spray twice before the coloring and swelling stage, and once after the coloring and swelling stage and before the hardening stage, for a total of 3 sprays.

[0008] Furthermore, the final concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid in the plant growth regulator is 5 mmol / L.

[0009] Furthermore, the two sprays applied before the coloring and swelling period are ten days apart.

[0010] Furthermore, spraying should be carried out between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM.

[0011] Furthermore, spray 1.5 L per plant.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The method of this invention improves the nutritional quality of *Prunus armeniaca* by spraying the entire plant with a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) solution. After GABA treatment, the total sugar content in the fruit increased by 2.45% (fructose ↑ 13.07%, glucose ↑ 9.88%, sucrose ↓ 8.32%, sorbitol ↓ 13.36%); the total acid content increased by 7.04% (citric acid ↑ 75%, lactic acid ↑ 36.13 times, quinic acid ↑ 2.02%; malic acid ↓ 6.45%, acetic acid ↓ 93.27%, oxalic acid ↓ 11.76%); and the total calcium content increased by 0.05% (water-soluble calcium ↑ 25.27%, pectin calcium ↓ 3%). The content of active calcium increased by 3.28%, iron increased by 26.28%, total phenols increased by 5.23%, total flavonoids increased by 5.78%, anthocyanins increased by 12.33%, proanthocyanidins decreased by 29.64%, vitamin C increased by 38.36%, γ-aminobutyric acid increased by 19.83%, and soluble protein increased by 24.75%. These effects indicate that GABA has a highly synergistic effect in promoting carbon metabolism regulation, enhancing mineral absorption, and strengthening antioxidant capacity.

[0014] 2. This invention effectively promotes the synthesis and transport of soluble sugars in the fruit by spraying the entire Prunus armeniaca plant with a 5 mmol / L γ-aminobutyric acid solution. The treated fruit showed increased sugar and glucose content by 13.07% and 9.88%, respectively, significantly improving the fruit's sweetness base and resulting in a richer flavor. The moderate reduction in sucrose and sorbitol helps optimize the sugar composition ratio, making the sweetness more mellow and natural, thereby enhancing the sensory quality of the fruit.

[0015] 3. This invention significantly increases the levels of antioxidant active substances such as anthocyanins, total phenols, flavonoids, and vitamin C by spraying the entire European plum plant with a 5 mmol / L γ-aminobutyric acid solution, thereby enhancing its nutritional and health benefits.

[0016] 4. The γ-aminobutyric acid used in this invention is a natural endogenous substance of plants. It is non-toxic, leaves no residue, is completely degradable, and does not cause environmental pollution. It is suitable for green food bases, organic agricultural production, and high-quality fruit orchards. It is safer and more reliable than traditional high-concentration hormone regulators.

[0017] 5. Unlike the common "single indicator improvement" in existing technologies (such as only supplementing calcium, only adjusting acid and sugar, or only enhancing a certain type of antioxidant), this invention achieves simultaneous improvement in sugar metabolism regulation, calcium form optimization, mineral fortification, antioxidant system enhancement, functional GABA enrichment, and protein enhancement, exhibiting a high degree of synergistic effect. It is suitable for the comprehensive quality improvement and functional development of European plum fruit.

[0018] 6. The method of the present invention preferably uses an electric sprayer for whole-plant spraying, which can ensure uniform distribution of solution, reduce solution waste, improve spraying efficiency, and reduce production costs. At the same time, the whole-plant spraying covers fruiting branches, leaves and branches, which increases the effective absorption surface area of ​​the plant several times, allowing the plant to utilize GABA more fully, thereby amplifying the promoting effect on sugar accumulation, calcium absorption and protein synthesis.

[0019] 7. The method of this invention selects a sunny day between 8:00 and 10:00 AM for spraying, when the temperature and humidity are moderate, ensuring that the solution dries quickly and is fully absorbed by the fruit, thereby improving the spraying effect. In addition, the sunlight is relatively gentle, and strong winds are less likely, reducing solution evaporation, avoiding solution waste, and ensuring the accuracy and maximum effect of each spraying. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents used are commercially available reagents or reagents prepared using conventional methods. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0022] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0023] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0024] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0025] 1. Determining the spraying time. Based on the fruit development stage and weather conditions, spraying should be carried out on a sunny morning between 8:00 and 10:00, before the fruit coloring and expansion stage and before the hardening stage. At this time, the temperature and humidity are suitable, which is conducive to the absorption of the solution.

[0026] 2. Preparation of γ-aminobutyric acid solution. Based on the volume of the solution to be prepared, taking 10 L as an example, accurately weigh 0.5156 g of γ-aminobutyric acid, dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, and then make up to 10 L to prepare a γ-aminobutyric acid solution with a final concentration of 5 mmol / L.

[0027] 3. Whole-plant spraying of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) solution. Load the prepared GABA solution into an electric sprayer and spray evenly onto the Prunus cerasifera (Glycyrrhiza) plants, ensuring the solution adheres evenly to the leaves and fruit surfaces, forming fine, uniform droplets. Pay attention to the spray angle to avoid excessive dripping onto the ground or concentration in one area; ensure each fruit and branch is evenly coated with the solution. The optimal state is when evenly distributed droplets adhere to the leaves and fruit surfaces, ensuring full absorption of the solution and maximizing its effectiveness.

[0028] 4. Harvesting. Harvest the fruit after it has reached full ripeness. Select healthy fruit that is uniform in size, free from pests, diseases, and mechanical damage to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the experimental results.

[0029] 5. Sample processing. The collected fruits were transported back to the laboratory in ice boxes, washed with distilled water and dried, then divided into 3 equal portions and flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen at -80 ℃ for storage until analysis.

[0030] 6. Determination of sugar components in the fruit. 0.1 g of dried Prunus cerasifera fruit sample was weighed, and the sugars in the fruit were extracted with 80% ethanol. The content of each sugar component was determined by the anthrone-sulfuric acid method. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0031] 7. Determination of organic acid content in fruit. 3 g of fresh Prunus cerasifera fruit was weighed, and organic acids were extracted by water bath extraction with ultrapure water at 80℃. The content of each organic acid component in the fruit was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The total acid was the sum of all organic acid components. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0032] 8. Determination of calcium content in fruit. 0.5g of Prunus cerasifera fruit was weighed, and the calcium content of different forms in the fruit was extracted using a stepwise extraction method. The content of water-soluble calcium and pectin calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The active calcium content was equal to the sum of the water-soluble calcium and pectin calcium content. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0033] 9. Determination of iron content in fruit: 0.1 g of dried Prunus cerasifera fruit sample was weighed, and iron was extracted by sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide digestion method. The iron content was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0034] 10. Determination of the content of active substances in the fruit. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method; total flavonoid content was determined using the NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH colorimetric method; proanthocyanidin content was determined using the hydrochloric acid-vanillin method; anthocyanin content was determined using the pH differential method. Vitamin C content was determined using the molybdenum blue colorimetric method; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content was determined using a GABA content kit (purchased from Suzhou Gres Biotechnology Co., Ltd.); soluble protein content was determined using the Coomassie brilliant blue colorimetric method. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant growth regulator, characterized in that, The ingredients include γ-aminobutyric acid.

2. The application of the plant growth regulator as described in claim 1 in the cultivation of European plum.

3. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Before the fruit coloring and swelling stage of the European plum, spray the whole plant with a plant growth regulator. Spray twice before the coloring and swelling stage, and once after the coloring and swelling stage and before the hardening stage, for a total of 3 sprays.

4. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that, The final concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid in the plant growth regulator is 5 mmol / L.

5. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two sprays applied before the coloring and swelling period were ten days apart.

6. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that, Spraying will be carried out between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM.

7. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that, Spray 1.5 L per plant.

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