Rubber gloves with synergic protection of solvents with different polarities and preparation method of rubber gloves
By adding fluororubber and shielding components to rubber gloves, an electronic cloud shield is formed, which solves the problem of decreased protective performance of traditional rubber gloves when exposed to mixed solvents, and achieves enhanced tolerance and improved protective performance to solvents of different polarities.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional rubber gloves suffer a sharp decline in protective performance when exposed to mixtures of highly polar and low-polarity solvents, failing to effectively prevent solvent penetration and causing chemical penetration that poses a health threat.
Rubber gloves that employ synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities enhance their resistance to solvents by adding fluororubber, shielding components, and reinforcing fillers to the rubber gloves, thereby forming an electron cloud shield.
It improves the rubber gloves' resistance to solvents of different polarities, prevents solvent penetration, enhances protective performance, and avoids chemical burns and radiation damage.
Smart Images
Figure SMS_1 
Figure SMS_2 
Figure SMS_3
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber glove technology, and in particular to a rubber glove that provides synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] In fields such as nuclear chemical engineering, nuclear medicine, and aerospace, workers not only face the hazards of radioactive materials but also come into contact with complex chemical reagents. These solvents are often not single solvents but mixtures of highly polar solvents (such as acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, and nitric acid) and non-polar / low-polar solvents (such as n-heptane, toluene, kerosene, and gasoline). To avoid the hazards of radiation and mixed solvents, operators must wear appropriate rubber gloves.
[0003] Rubber gloves typically use rubber as the base material and add metals such as tungsten and bismuth, as well as their oxide powders, as radiation shielding components. Single-type rubber gloves (such as nitrile gloves and neoprene gloves) may exhibit good protective performance against purely polar or purely non-polar solvents. However, when exposed to mixed solvents, the protective performance of traditional rubber gloves drops sharply due to the synergistic swelling effect. This effect refers to the following: non-polar solvents first penetrate and swell the rubber network, loosening its structure and creating more favorable conditions for the entry of polar solvent molecules; then, the polar solvents interact strongly with the polar groups on the rubber molecular chains, causing the rubber to swell abnormally rapidly, far exceeding the swelling of any single solvent. The rubber gloves fail within a short time, losing their protective ability, allowing chemicals to penetrate and posing a serious health threat to the user.
[0004] Especially in a radioactive environment, this can further lead to the leakage of radioactive materials, posing a serious threat to users and the environment. For example, in fine chemical synthesis, a mixed system of "polar solvent (such as N,N-dimethylformamide DMF) + non-polar solvent (such as toluene)" is often used to dissolve polymers or construct a co-catalytic reaction system. If rubber gloves cannot resist both types of solvents at the same time, the solvent penetration can cause skin irritation, leading to chemical burns and radiation damage.
[0005] The above problems urgently need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This invention discloses a rubber glove with synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities and its preparation method, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a rubber glove providing synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities is provided, the rubber glove comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: The composition comprises 100 parts raw rubber, 50-400 parts shielding component, 5-35 parts reinforcing filler, 3-15 parts filler, 3-10 parts activator, 5-15 parts homogenizer, 3-10 parts acid absorber, 1-5 parts silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 5-20 parts plasticizer, 1-6 parts lubricating release agent, 0.5-5 parts vulcanizing agent, and 1-5 parts accelerator; wherein the raw rubber is one or two of EPDM rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, bromo / chlorinated butyl rubber, and fluororubber, and the fluororubber is 30-70 parts by weight.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the shielding component includes one or more of tungsten powder, tungsten oxide, tungsten pentaboride, tungsten boride, iron tetroxide, bismuth, and bismuth trioxide. The reinforcing filler includes any one of carbon black and silica.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the filler is one or more of sheet kaolin, montmorillonite, sericite, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the activator is one or more of magnesium oxide and zinc oxide; The homogenizer is one or more of homogenizer 60NS, homogenizer FYZ, and homogenizer H40MSF00; The acid absorbent is one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and hydrotalcite. The silane coupling agent is one or more of KH550, KH560, KH570, and Si-69.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the antioxidant is one of phenolic antioxidants and amine antioxidants; The plasticizer is one or more of petroleum resin and ester plasticizer; The lubricating release agent is one or more of paraffin wax, surfactant, fatty acid, and fatty acid salt; The accelerator is one or more of the following: BPP (benzyltriphenylphosphine chloride), TAIC (trimethylene isocyanurate), thiuram accelerators, thiazole accelerators, sulfenamide accelerators, dithiocarbamate accelerators, thiophosphate accelerators, and thiourea accelerators.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the phenolic antioxidant is one of antioxidant 2246, antioxidant BHT, and antioxidant NHA; the amine antioxidant is one of antioxidant A, antioxidant D, and antioxidant 4010. The ester plasticizer is one or more of the following: dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, octyl decyl phthalate, octyl epoxy stearate, and propylene glycol adipate. The surfactant includes one of glycerol and 935P; In one possible implementation, the vulcanizing agent is one or more of sulfur, dicumyl peroxide, 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, and di(tert-butylperoxy)isopropylbenzene. The thiuram-based accelerator is one or more of the following: accelerator TMTD, accelerator TBzTD, and accelerator DPTT. The thiazole accelerator is one or more of accelerator DM, accelerator MBT, accelerator MBTs, and accelerator ZMBT; The sulfonamide accelerator is accelerator CZ; The dithiocarbamate accelerator is one of accelerator ZDBC and accelerator ZDEC; The thiophosphate accelerator is accelerator ZDTP; The thiourea accelerator is accelerator Na-22.
[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing rubber gloves is provided, characterized by comprising the following preparation steps: Preparation of Section A compound: Rubber and fluororubber are fed into an internal mixer and plasticized at 90-120℃ for 2-5 minutes; then plasticizer, activator, homogenizer, acid scavenger, silane coupling agent, antioxidant, and lubricant / release agent are added and mixed in an internal mixer at 120-140℃ for 4-8 minutes; then shielding components, reinforcing fillers, and fillers are added and mixed in an internal mixer at 140-160℃ for 5-10 minutes; after mixing, the mixture is discharged and fed into a two-roll mill to prepare Section A compound; Preparation of Section B compound: After the prepared Section A compound is left to stand at room temperature for 8-16 hours, it is added to an internal mixer and mixed at 60-80℃ for 2-5 minutes. Then, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 80-100℃ for 3-5 minutes. After mixing, the compound is discharged and fed into an open mill to prepare Section B compound. Preparation of rubber gloves: The prepared B-section compound rubber is pressed into rubber sheets, the rubber sheets are laid flat in a glove mold, and vulcanized under high temperature and high pressure to obtain the rubber gloves described above.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the added raw rubber comprises 100 parts; a shielding component of 50-400 parts; a reinforcing filler of 5-35 parts; a filler of 3-15 parts; an activator of 3-10 parts; a homogenizer of 5-15 parts; an acid scavenger of 3-10 parts; a silane coupling agent of 1-5 parts; an antioxidant of 0.5-2 parts; a plasticizer of 5-20 parts; a lubricating release agent of 1-6 parts; a vulcanizing agent of 0.5-5 parts; and an accelerator of 1-5 parts. The raw rubber is one or two of the following: ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, bromo / chlorinated butyl rubber, and fluororubber. The fluororubber comprises 30-70 parts by weight.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the vulcanization temperature is 145-175°C and the vulcanization pressure is 15-20 MPa.
[0016] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a rubber glove with synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities and its preparation method. The rubber glove comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts raw rubber, 50-400 parts shielding component, 5-35 parts reinforcing filler, 3-15 parts filler, 3-10 parts activator, 5-15 parts homogenizer, 3-10 parts acid scavenger, 1-5 parts silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 5-20 parts plasticizer, 1-6 parts lubricating release agent, 0.5-5 parts vulcanizing agent, and 1-5 parts accelerator; wherein the rubber is one or two of EPDM rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, bromo / chlorinated butyl rubber, and fluororubber, and the fluororubber comprises 30-70 parts by weight. By adding 30-70 parts of fluororubber to the raw materials, the strong electronegativity of the fluorine atoms in the fluororubber enables the electron cloud formed to shield the internal carbon-carbon backbone. This makes it difficult for both polar and non-polar solvents to interact with the molecular chain, thereby enhancing the rubber glove's resistance to different polar solvents. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the term "or" is generally used to include the meaning of "and / or," unless otherwise expressly indicated.
[0018] Example 1 Using 70 parts of EPDM raw rubber and 30 parts of type 26 fluororubber as the base material, the mixture was plasticized in an internal mixer for 2 minutes at 110℃. Then, 1 part of antioxidant N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (antioxidant A), 4 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide, 3 parts of calcium hydroxide, 6 parts of stearic acid, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH550, 10 parts of homogenizer FYZ, 4 parts of paraffin wax, and 1 part of surfactant 935P were added and mixed at 130℃ for 3 minutes. Then, 15 parts of silica, 310 parts of tungsten powder, and 8 parts of sericite were added and the mixture was discharged at 160℃. After passing through a two-roll mill 3-5 times, the mixture was sheeted to obtain section A compound. After standing for 10 hours, the A-section rubber was plasticized at 80℃ for 2 minutes, then 4 parts of vulcanizing agent BIPB and 4 parts of accelerator TAIC were added and mixed for 5 minutes. The mixture was then discharged at 90℃ and passed through a two-roll mill 3-5 times to obtain the B-section rubber. The B-section rubber was calendered into sheets, laid flat on the surface of a hand-shaped mold, and molded at 165℃ for 15 minutes. Finally, it was vulcanized in a 200℃ oven for 4 hours to obtain the rubber gloves.
[0019] The lead equivalent and its uniformity were tested by placing a single-layer rubber glove in a Co-60 shielding performance testing device. The rubber glove was placed on the PTC200 / 300 chemical liquid permeability tester. The outer surface of the rubber glove was in contact with the reagents (n-heptane, ethyl acetate, methanol, 65% nitric acid), and the permeability resistance of the rubber glove was tested through the inner surface. After one side of the rubber glove was in contact with the reagents (n-heptane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and 65% nitric acid) for 1 hour, it was placed in a universal testing machine UTM4304X. With the help of the puncture force accessory, the rate of decrease in the puncture force of the rubber glove was tested. After soaking the rubber gloves in chemical reagents (n-heptane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and 65% nitric acid) for 10 hours, the tensile properties of the rubber gloves were tested in a UTM4304X universal testing machine.
[0020] Example 2 Using 50 parts of EPDM raw rubber and 50 parts of type 26 fluororubber as the base material, the mixture was plasticized in an internal mixer for 2 minutes at 110℃. Then, 1 part of antioxidant N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (antioxidant A), 4 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 parts of calcium hydroxide, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH550, 6 parts of stearic acid, 10 parts of homogenizer FYZ, 4 parts of paraffin wax, and 1 part of surfactant 935P were added and mixed at 130℃ for 3 minutes. 15 parts of silica and 300 parts of tungsten powder were added, and the mixture was discharged at 160℃. After passing through a two-roll mill 3-5 times, the mixture was sheeted to obtain section A compound. After resting for 10 hours, section A was plasticized at 80℃ for 2 minutes, then 4 parts of vulcanizing agent BIPB and 4 parts of accelerator TAIC were added and mixed for 5 minutes. The mixture was then discharged at 90℃ and passed through a two-roll mill 3-5 times to obtain section B compound. After the B-section rubber is rolled out, it is laid flat on the surface of the hand-shaped mold and molded at 165℃ for 15 minutes. Then, it is vulcanized in a 200℃ oven for 4 hours to finally obtain the rubber glove.
[0021] The performance testing method for the rubber gloves in Implementation 2 is the same as that in Implementation 1.
[0022] Example 3 Using 30 parts of EPDM raw rubber and 70 parts of type 26 fluororubber as the base material, the mixture was plasticized in an internal mixer for 2 minutes at 110℃. Then, 1 part of antioxidant N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (antioxidant A), 4 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH550, 6 parts of stearic acid, 10 parts of homogenizer FYZ, 4 parts of paraffin wax, and 1 part of surfactant 935P were added and mixed at 130℃ for 3 minutes. 15 parts of silica and 300 parts of tungsten powder were added, and the mixture was discharged at 160℃. After passing through a two-roll mill 3-5 times, the mixture was sheeted to obtain section A compound. After resting for 10 hours, section A was plasticized at 80℃ for 2 minutes, then 4 parts of vulcanizing agent BIPB and 4 parts of accelerator TAIC were added and mixed for 5 minutes. The mixture was then discharged at 90℃ and passed through a two-roll mill 3-5 times to obtain section B compound. After the B-section rubber is rolled out, it is laid flat on the surface of the hand-shaped mold and molded at 165℃ for 15 minutes. Then, it is vulcanized in a 200℃ oven for 4 hours to obtain rubber gloves.
[0023] The performance testing method for the rubber gloves in Implementation 3 is the same as that in Implementation 1.
[0024] Example 4 The implementation method of Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The rubber used is 70 parts natural rubber and 30 parts type 26 fluororubber, and the molding temperature is 145℃.
[0025] Example 5 The implementation method of Example 5 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The rubber used is 70 parts of chloroprene rubber and 30 parts of type 26 fluororubber, and the molding temperature is 155℃.
[0026] Example 6 The implementation method of Example 6 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The rubber used is 70 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber and 30 parts of type 26 fluororubber, and the molding temperature is 155℃.
[0027] Example 7 The implementation method of Example 7 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The rubber used is 70 parts butyl rubber and 30 parts type 26 fluororubber, and the molding temperature is 160℃.
[0028] Example 8 The implementation method of Example 8 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The rubber used is 70 parts of bromine / chlorinated butyl rubber and 30 parts of type 26 fluororubber, and the molding temperature is 160℃.
[0029] Example 9 The implementation method of Example 19 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The homogenizer used is 60NS.
[0030] Example 10 The implementation method of Example 10 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The homogenizer used is H40MSF00.
[0031] Example 11 The implementation method of Example 11 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, Hydrotalcite is used as the acid absorbent.
[0032] Example 12 The implementation method of Example 12 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, Petroleum resin is selected as the plasticizer.
[0033] Example 13 The implementation method of Example 13 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, Fatty acid salts are selected as the lubricating release agent.
[0034] Example 14 The implementation method of Example 14 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The vulcanizing agent used is DCP (dicumyl peroxide).
[0035] Example 15 The implementation method of Example 15 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The vulcanizing agent selected is bisphenol AF (2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane).
[0036] Example 16 The implementation method of Example 16 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The vulcanizing agent selected is bis(2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane).
[0037] Example 17 The implementation method of Example 17 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator is BPP (benzyltriphenylphosphine chloride), and the vulcanizing agents are BIPB and bisphenol AF, with the total amount of vulcanizing agents remaining unchanged.
[0038] Example 18 The implementation method of Example 18 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is DPTT, a thiuram-based accelerator.
[0039] Example 19 The implementation method of Example 19 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is DM, a thiazole-based accelerator.
[0040] Example 20 The implementation method of Example 20 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is sulfenamide accelerator CZ.
[0041] Example 21 The implementation method of Example 21 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is ZDEC, a dithiocarbamate accelerator.
[0042] Example 22 The implementation method of Example 22 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is the thiophosphate accelerator ZDTP.
[0043] Example 23 The implementation method of Example 23 is the same as that of Example 1, except that, The accelerator selected is thiourea-based accelerator Na-22.
[0044] Comparative Example 1 Using 100 parts of EPDM raw rubber as the base material, the mixture is plasticized in an internal mixer for 2 minutes at a temperature of 90℃. Then, 1 part of antioxidant N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (antioxidant A), 4 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of stearic acid, 4 parts of paraffin wax, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH550, and 1 part of surfactant 935P are added and mixed at 120℃ for 3 minutes. 15 parts of silica and 290 parts of tungsten powder are added and the mixture is discharged at 160℃. After passing through a two-roll mill 3-5 times, the mixture is sheeted to obtain section A compound.
[0045] After the A-section compound was left to stand for 10 hours, it was plasticized at 70°C for 2 minutes, and then 4 parts of vulcanizing agent BIPB and 4 parts of accelerator TAIC were added. After mixing for 5 minutes, the compound was discharged at 90°C and passed through a rolling mill 3-5 times to obtain the B-section compound.
[0046] After the B-section rubber is rolled out, it is laid flat on the surface of the hand-shaped mold and molded at 165°C for 20 minutes to obtain a rubber glove.
[0047] Comparative Example 2 The implementation method of Comparative Example 2 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... The shielding component is tungsten pentaboride.
[0048] Comparative Example 3 The implementation method of Comparative Example 3 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Tungsten boride was selected as the shielding component.
[0049] Comparative Example 4 The implementation method of Comparative Example 4 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... The shielding component is iron(III) oxide.
[0050] Comparative Example 5 The implementation method of Comparative Example 5 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Bismuth is selected as the shielding component.
[0051] Comparative Example 6 The implementation method of Comparative Example 6 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... The shielding component is bismuth trioxide.
[0052] Comparative Example 7 The implementation method of Comparative Example 7 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Carbon black N220 was selected as the reinforcing filler.
[0053] Comparative Example 8 The implementation method of Comparative Example 8 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Add 8 parts of flaky kaolin as filler.
[0054] Comparative Example 9 The implementation method of Comparative Example 9 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Add 8 parts of montmorillonite as filler.
[0055] Comparative Example 10 The implementation method of Comparative Example 10 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Add 8 parts of graphene oxide as a filler.
[0056] Comparative Example 11 The implementation method of Comparative Example 11 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that, Add 8 parts of reduced graphene with filler.
[0057] Comparative Example 12 The implementation method of Comparative Example 12 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that, KH560 was selected as the silane coupling agent.
[0058] Comparative Example 13 The implementation method of Comparative Example 13 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... KH570 was selected as the silane coupling agent.
[0059] Comparative Example 14 The implementation method of Comparative Example 14 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... The silane coupling agent selected is Si-69.
[0060] Comparative Example 15 The implementation method of Comparative Example 15 is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that... Sulfur is selected as the vulcanizing agent.
[0061] Table 1. Test results of the rubber gloves' durability in Examples 1-6
[0062] Table 2 Test results of the rubber gloves in Examples 7-12
[0063] Table 3. Test results of the rubber gloves' durability in Examples 13-18
[0064] Table 4. Test results of the rubber gloves' durability in Examples 19-23
[0065] Table 5. Test results of the rubber gloves' endurance in Comparative Examples 1-6
[0066] Table 6. Test results of the endurance of rubber gloves in Comparative Examples 7-12
[0067] Table 7 Test results of the rubber gloves' durability in Comparative Examples 13-15
[0068] Table 1 shows the test results of the rubber gloves' resistance in Examples 1-6. Example 1 included 30 parts of fluororubber, Example 2 included 50 parts, and Example 3 included 70 parts. As shown in Table 1, the resistance of the resulting rubber gloves to solvents of different polarities gradually increased with the increase of the proportion of fluororubber in the matrix. This is mainly because the strong electronegativity of fluorine atoms allows the electron cloud formed to shield the internal carbon-carbon backbone, making it difficult for both polar and non-polar solvents to interact with the molecular chain. The physical bonding between fluororubber and EPDM rubber, and its gradual dominance in the matrix, enhances this solvent resistance. Example 3 showed the best results. Further increasing the fluororubber content to 71%-100% will continue to increase the hardness of the rubber gloves, but will significantly reduce their comfort.
[0069] Compared with Example 1, Example 2 increased the content of fluororubber but did not add any fillers. In other words, although the content of fluororubber in the matrix was increased, the final performance of Example 2 was better than that of Example 1 even without the addition of fillers. Therefore, due to the addition of fluororubber, the strong electronegativity of fluorine atoms in fluororubber allows the electron cloud formed by it to shield the internal carbon-carbon backbone. This makes it difficult for both polar and non-polar solvents to interact with the molecular chain, thus enhancing the tolerance to different polar solvents.
[0070] The molding temperatures of Examples 4-8 are different. The molding temperature is related to the rubber molecular structure and vulcanization system. It is determined according to the vulcanization curve of the compound. The best effect is achieved when the molding temperature is 165℃. The main chain of chlorosulfonated polyethylene is highly saturated and also contains polar chlorine atoms and sulfonyl chloride groups. The saturated main chain is not easily destroyed by solvents, and the polar groups can resist the swelling of solvent molecules. Therefore, under the same ratio, the composite of chlorosulfonated polyethylene and fluororubber has the best comprehensive protection performance against solvents of different polarities.
[0071] Examples 9 and 10 used different homogenizers, with homogenizer FYZ showing superior performance in dispersing uniformity of the rubber compound and filler.
[0072] Example 11 uses hydrotalcite as an acid absorber, Example 12 uses petroleum resin as a plasticizer, and Example 13 uses fatty acid salt as a lubricating mold release agent. The acid absorber, plasticizer, and lubricating mold release agent account for a small proportion of the rubber component, and their main functions are to absorb the acidic substances generated during the reaction to protect the mold, improve the processing performance of the rubber, and facilitate the separation of the rubber glove from the mold after molding. They are not closely related to the main performance mentioned in this invention.
[0073] Examples 14-16 used different vulcanizing agents than Example 1, and Examples 17-23 used different accelerators than Example 1. For the EPDM rubber system alone, sulfur vulcanization and peroxide vulcanization are both effective vulcanization methods. When fluororubber is added, effective vulcanization is impossible because sulfur cannot attack the fluororubber molecular chains that are not fully saturated with C=C. Therefore, a non-sulfur vulcanization system is chosen. DCP, bisphenol A, and BIPB decompose at high temperatures to generate free radicals. TAIC, as a multifunctional crosslinking aid, captures free radicals to form more crosslinking points, significantly increasing the crosslinking density. Bisphenol A is an ionic vulcanizing agent; TAIC does not participate in ionic crosslinking but only assists crosslinking in the presence of free radicals. It needs to be combined with other accelerators to achieve better results. The accelerators used in Examples 18-23 mainly rely on active sulfur for their function and are optional accelerators for the vulcanization system. When used with BIPB, a "free radical capture reaction" occurs, reducing crosslinking efficiency. The combination of BPP and bisphenol A used in Example 17 can assist in BIPB vulcanization. It can achieve the same effect as Example 1.
[0074] Compared with Comparative Examples 12-14, the silane coupling agent KH550 in Comparative Example 1 performed better than the other three silane coupling agents. The amino groups in its molecule can form hydrogen bonds with the polar groups in EPDM and fillers, improving the dispersibility of the fillers and thus enhancing the strength and chemical protection performance of the rubber gloves.
[0075] Comparative Examples 1-6 used different shielding components. The higher the atomic number, density, and mass fraction of the high atomic number material, the higher the lead equivalent, and the better the radiation protection effect of the rubber gloves. Iron(III) oxide, bismuth, and bismuth oxide readily react with strong oxidizing acids and have poor protective effects against nitric acid.
[0076] Comparative Examples 1-11 used different fillers. Under the premise of the same addition amount and other components, the addition of layered fillers improved the performance of rubber gloves in protecting against solvents of different polarities. This is mainly because layered fillers can, to a certain extent, hinder or increase the path of solvent diffusion, thereby reducing corrosion to the matrix. However, due to the small addition amount, the performance improvement was relatively limited.
[0077] The above describes embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rubber glove providing synergistic protection against solvents of different polarities, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: The composition includes 100 parts raw rubber, 5-35 parts reinforcing filler, 3-10 parts activator, 5-15 parts homogenizer, 3-10 parts acid scavenger, 1-5 parts silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts antioxidant, 5-20 parts plasticizer, 1-6 parts lubricating release agent, 0.5-5 parts vulcanizing agent, and 1-5 parts accelerator; wherein the raw rubber is one or two of EPDM rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, bromo / chlorinated butyl rubber, and fluororubber, and the fluororubber is 30-70 parts by weight.
2. The rubber glove according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-400 parts of shielding component and 3-15 parts of filler.
3. The rubber glove according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shielding components include one or more of the following: tungsten powder, tungsten oxide, tungsten pentaboride, tungsten boride, iron tetroxide, bismuth, and bismuth trioxide. The reinforcing filler includes any one of carbon black and silica. The filler is one or more of the following: sheet kaolin, montmorillonite, sericite, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene; The activator is one or more of magnesium oxide and zinc oxide; The homogenizer is one or more of homogenizer 60NS, homogenizer FYZ, and homogenizer H40MSF00; The acid absorbent is one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and hydrotalcite. The silane coupling agent is one or more of KH550, KH560, KH570, and Si-69.
4. The rubber gloves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is one of phenolic antioxidants and amine antioxidants; The plasticizer is one or more of petroleum resin and ester plasticizer; The lubricating release agent is one or more of paraffin wax, surfactant, fatty acid, and fatty acid salt; The accelerator is one or more of the following: BPP (benzyltriphenylphosphine chloride), TAIC (trimethylene isocyanurate), thiuram accelerators, thiazole accelerators, sulfenamide accelerators, dithiocarbamate accelerators, thiophosphate accelerators, and thiourea accelerators.
5. The rubber glove according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phenolic antioxidant is one of antioxidant 2246, antioxidant BHT, and antioxidant NHA; the amine antioxidant is one of antioxidant A, antioxidant D, and antioxidant 4010. The ester plasticizer is one or more of the following: dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, octyl decyl phthalate, octyl epoxy stearate, and propylene glycol adipate. The surfactant includes one of glycerol and 935P; The fatty acid salts include one of zinc stearate and calcium stearate.
6. The rubber glove according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vulcanizing agent is one or more of sulfur, dicumyl peroxide, 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, and di(tert-butylperoxy)benzene. The thiuram-based accelerator is one or more of the following: accelerator TMTD, accelerator TBzTD, and accelerator DPTT. The thiazole accelerator is one or more of accelerator DM, accelerator MBT, accelerator MBTs, and accelerator ZMBT; The sulfonamide accelerator is accelerator CZ; The dithiocarbamate accelerator is one of accelerator ZDBC and accelerator ZDEC; The thiophosphate accelerator is accelerator ZDTP; The thiourea accelerator is accelerator Na-22.
7. A method for preparing a rubber glove, characterized in that, The preparation steps include the following: Preparation of Section A compound: Raw rubber is fed into an internal mixer and plasticized at 90-120℃ for 2-5 min; then plasticizer, activator, homogenizer, acid scavenger, silane coupling agent, antioxidant, and lubricant / release agent are added and mixed in an internal mixer at 120-140℃ for 4-8 min; then shielding components, reinforcing fillers, and fillers are added and mixed in an internal mixer at 140-160℃ for 5-10 min; after mixing, the rubber is discharged and fed into a two-roll mill to prepare Section A compound; Preparation of Section B compound: After the prepared Section A compound is left to stand at room temperature for 8-16 hours, it is added to an internal mixer and mixed at 60-80℃ for 2-5 minutes. Then, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 80-100℃ for 3-5 minutes. After mixing, the compound is discharged and fed into an open mill to prepare Section B compound. Preparation of rubber gloves: The prepared B-section compound rubber is pressed into rubber sheets, the rubber sheets are laid flat in a glove mold, and vulcanized under high temperature and high pressure to obtain the rubber gloves as described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The added components include 100 parts of raw rubber; 50-400 parts of shielding component; 5-35 parts of reinforcing filler; 3-15 parts of filler; 3-10 parts of activator; 5-15 parts of homogenizer; 3-10 parts of acid absorber; 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent; 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant; 5-20 parts of plasticizer; 1-6 parts of lubricating release agent; 0.5-5 parts of vulcanizing agent; and 1-5 parts of accelerator. The raw rubber is one or two of the following: ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, bromine / chlorinated butyl rubber, and fluororubber. The fluororubber is present in 30-70 parts by weight.
9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vulcanization temperature is 145-175℃, and the vulcanization pressure is 15-20MPa.