Mining anchor cable withdrawing device

Abstract

The invention provides a mining anchor cable withdrawing device, which belongs to the technical field of mine support equipment, and adopts the technical scheme that the mining anchor cable withdrawing device comprises a lifting cylinder, a machine tool head is fixed at the top of the lifting cylinder, a mounting groove is formed in the top of the machine tool head, and a communicating hole is formed in the bottom of the mounting groove; a connecting sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the communicating hole, the top of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of a first reset spring, the upper end of the first reset spring abuts against the bottom of a high-strength through hole magnetic ring, the top of the high-strength through hole magnetic ring is fixedly sleeved with a connecting ring, and the connecting ring is located in the mounting groove. An adjusting bolt is arranged on the connecting ring, and the threaded end of the adjusting bolt penetrates through the connecting ring and is in threaded connection with the groove bottom of the mounting groove. The device has the beneficial effects that when the steel strand is released, the loose anchor piece can be effectively prevented from sliding back to the anchor cup along with the steel strand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of mine support equipment, specifically relating to a mine anchor cable unanchoring device. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mine roadway and stope roof support operations, anchor cables are fixed to the roof rock mass through anchor cups and anchor plates with anchoring agents, effectively inhibiting roof subsidence and ensuring the safety of mining operations. After the support mission is completed, the anchor cable release device needs to be used to remove the anchorage and release the steel strands, providing conditions for the subsequent movement of roof caving equipment in the goaf and roadway cleaning. Therefore, the release device is a core piece of equipment in the post-support processing stage of mines, directly affecting the efficiency and safety of underground operations.

[0003] As shown in patent CN205688436U, existing anchor removal devices mainly consist of a detachable anchor removal head, a tool anchor assembly, a hydraulic drive cylinder, a spring seat, and a spring. The tool anchor assembly includes a three-lobed tool anchor plate and a tool anchor cup, and the hydraulic drive cylinder consists of an inner cylinder and multiple sets of outer cylinders. Its core working structure revolves around a clamping and pulling design. The tool anchor plate is used to clamp the steel strand, and the hydraulic cylinder drives related components to pull the steel strand, causing the anchor plate and anchor cup to separate and loosen. The anchor removal head pushes and temporarily accommodates the anchor plate during anchor removal, while the spring and spring seat assist in the reset of related components.

[0004] However, the existing device lacks an active anchor plate gripping structure and relies solely on pulling the steel strand to loosen the anchor plate from the anchor cup. When the hydraulic pull is stopped to release the steel strand, the strand easily retracts under the residual pressure of the roof plate. At this time, the loosened anchor plate will slide back into the anchor cup with the steel strand and re-clamp. To continue the anchor removal process, the hydraulic system needs to be restarted to pull the steel strand again to loosen the anchor plate, resulting in redundant operation steps, a prolonged anchor removal cycle, and a significant reduction in work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the problem that loose anchor plates tend to slide back into the anchor cup and re-lock during the release of steel strands. It provides a mining anchor cable retraction device that can prevent loose anchor plates from sliding back into the anchor cup with the steel strands during the release of steel strands.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is a mining anchor cable unloading device, including a lifting cylinder, a clamping mechanism installed inside the lifting cylinder, which can clamp the steel strand and pull the steel strand downwards. A tool head is fixed at the top of the lifting cylinder, and an installation groove is opened at the top of the tool head. A connecting hole is opened at the bottom of the installation groove, and the connecting hole passes through the tool head axially and communicates with the clamping mechanism. A connecting sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the connecting hole, and the top of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of a return spring. The upper end of the return spring abuts against the bottom of a high-strength through-hole magnetic ring. A connecting ring is fixedly sleeved on the top of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring. The connecting ring is located in the installation groove, and an adjusting bolt is provided on the connecting ring. The threaded end of the adjusting bolt passes through the connecting ring and is threadedly connected to the bottom of the installation groove. The mining anchor cable unloading device also includes a lifting mechanism, which can drive the lifting cylinder to move up and down.

[0007] In this technical solution, a clamping mechanism is provided inside the lifting cylinder. This clamping mechanism can clamp the steel strand and pull it downwards. A tool head is fixed at the top of the lifting cylinder. The top of the tool head has an installation groove, and the bottom of the installation groove has a connecting hole. The connecting hole passes through the tool head axially and is connected to the clamping mechanism. A connecting sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the connecting hole. The top of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first return spring. The upper end of the first return spring abuts against the bottom of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring. A connecting ring is fixedly sleeved on the top of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring. The connecting ring is located in the installation groove, and an adjusting bolt is provided on the connecting ring. The threaded end of the adjusting bolt passes through the connecting ring and is threadedly connected to the bottom of the installation groove. The working process is as follows: Before pulling the steel strand, the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring is adjusted to the vicinity of the anchor plate by adjusting the bolt. When the steel strand is pulled and the anchor plate is loosened, the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring will attract the anchor plate. At this time, the bolt can be adjusted again to pull out the anchor plate. Therefore, this device can effectively prevent loose anchor plates from sliding back into the anchor cup along with the steel strand when releasing the steel strand.

[0008] Furthermore, a guide cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring. The guide cylinder extends downward along the axial direction, and its lower end passes through the interior of the first return spring. The outer diameter of the guide cylinder matches the inner diameter of the first return spring. The guide cylinder can limit the extension and retraction direction of the first return spring, preventing radial offset or skew during extension and retraction. This ensures that the first return spring can always apply a stable resisting force to the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring along the axial direction, thereby ensuring the positional stability of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring and improving its adsorption accuracy on the anchor plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting ring is arranged horizontally, and the adjusting bolts are arranged vertically. The two adjusting bolts are spaced apart circumferentially around the connecting ring and symmetrically distributed about the axis of the connecting ring. The horizontally arranged connecting ring ensures that the force direction of the adjusting bolts is consistent with the movement direction of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring, facilitating precise control of the magnetic ring height through the adjusting bolts. The two symmetrically distributed adjusting bolts ensure that the connecting ring is subjected to uniform force, preventing the magnetic ring from shifting due to tilting of the connecting ring during adjustment. This ensures that the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring can move stably to the vicinity of the anchor plate, improving the reliability of the anchor plate adsorption.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping sleeve and an anchor claw located inside the lifting cylinder. The outer wall of the clamping sleeve is in close contact with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder, and the upper end face of the clamping sleeve abuts against the lower end face of the tool head. The inner wall of the clamping sleeve is conical, and its inner diameter gradually increases axially from the upper end to the lower end. The anchor claw is located inside the clamping sleeve and is coaxial with the clamping sleeve. The outer wall of the anchor claw is conical, and its taper is consistent with the taper of the inner wall of the clamping sleeve. The anchor claw can move axially along the inner wall of the clamping sleeve. The close contact between the clamping sleeve and the lifting cylinder allows for synchronous lifting and lowering, avoiding relative swaying that could affect the clamping effect. The conical surface with consistent taper allows the anchor claw to be gradually squeezed and contracted as it moves down along the inner wall of the clamping sleeve, thereby firmly clamping the steel strand, preventing slippage of the steel strand during traction, ensuring stable traction force, and providing reliable power for the anchor plate to loosen.

[0011] Furthermore, a support sleeve is provided inside the lifting cylinder, coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder and located directly below the clamping sleeve; the outer wall of the support sleeve slides in fit with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder, and the upper end face of the support sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second return spring; the second return spring extends axially, its upper end abuts against the lower end face of the anchor claw, and the axis of the second return spring coincides with the axis of the anchor claw. The coaxial arrangement of the support sleeve and the second return spring allows the spring force to be applied along the axis of the anchor claw, preventing the anchor claw from shifting under force; the second return spring can push the anchor claw upward to reset after the pulling is completed, facilitating subsequent re-clamping operations, while the sliding fit between the support sleeve and the lifting cylinder can adapt to the lifting and lowering movements of the lifting cylinder, avoiding structural interference and ensuring smooth operation of the device.

[0012] Furthermore, a base is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support sleeve, and the base is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve; an outer cylinder is fixedly fitted onto the outer circumference of the base, and the outer cylinder is coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder, with an annular groove on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The coaxial design of the base, outer cylinder, and lifting cylinder ensures that the positions of each component are aligned, avoiding component wear caused by eccentricity; the fixedly fitted outer cylinder is firmly connected to the base, providing stable support for the device and adapting to complex downhole operating environments; the annular groove on the inner wall of the outer cylinder can accommodate the piston ring and form a hydraulic drive space, providing a power basis for the lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder and ensuring the stable realization of the pulling action.

[0013] Furthermore, a piston ring is fixed to the lower end of the lifting cylinder. The piston ring is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve and located within the annular groove. The inner wall of the piston ring slides against the outer wall of the support sleeve, and the outer wall of the piston ring slides against the inner wall of the annular groove. A hydraulic pipeline is provided on the outside of the outer cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic pipeline passes through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder in a sealed manner and communicates with the annular groove. The sliding contact between the piston ring, the support sleeve, and the annular groove ensures that the piston ring moves smoothly along the axial direction, thereby driving the lifting cylinder to rise and fall stably. The sealed and connected hydraulic pipeline prevents hydraulic oil leakage, ensures stable hydraulic pressure in the annular groove, avoids insufficient pulling force due to insufficient pressure, and improves the reliability of the hydraulic drive.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided circumferentially on the mating surface between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the lifting cylinder. The sealing ring enhances the sealing performance of the mating surface between the outer cylinder and the lifting cylinder, prevents hydraulic oil in the annular groove from leaking from the mating surface, and ensures stable hydraulic system pressure. At the same time, it can prevent coal dust and sewage from entering the device, reduce component wear, extend the service life of the device, and ensure stable operation of the device in the humid and dusty underground environment.

[0015] Furthermore, the hoisting mechanism includes a vertically arranged support cylinder, with several bottom inserts at the lower end of the support cylinder, which can be inserted and fixed to the bottom of the roadway; a connecting cylinder is coaxially arranged above the support cylinder, and both the inner walls of the connecting cylinder and the support cylinder are provided with internal threads. A double-ended screw is provided between the connecting cylinder and the support cylinder, with the upper end of the double-ended screw inserted into the connecting cylinder, and the external thread of the double-ended screw engaging with the internal thread of the connecting cylinder; the lower end of the double-ended screw is inserted into the support cylinder, and the external thread of the double-ended screw engaging with the internal thread of the support cylinder; a lifting rod is coaxially inserted at the upper end of the connecting cylinder, and the lifting rod can move along... The inner wall of the connecting cylinder slides and locks. The upper end of the lifting rod is provided with several top inserts, which can be inserted and fixed to the top of the tunnel. The outer side of the lifting rod is fitted with a sliding sleeve, which can slide and lock along the outer wall of the lifting rod. The sliding sleeve is provided with a first pulley. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is provided with a claw, which can be locked onto the outside of the anchor cup. The claw is provided with a second pulley. A connecting rope is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley. One end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rope is connected to the rope winding cylinder, which is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting cylinder. The bottom and top insert rods work together to securely fix the device at the top and bottom of the roadway, preventing it from shifting or shaking during anchor removal operations and improving operational safety. The threaded engagement of the bidirectional screw with the connecting cylinder and support cylinder allows for flexible adjustment of the overall height of the device, adapting to roadway operation scenarios of different heights. The sliding adjustment of the sleeve and the locking and fixing of the claws can accommodate anchor cups in different positions, expanding the device's applicability. The engagement of the first and second pulleys can change the direction of force on the connecting rope, reducing the resistance when the rope drum drives the lifting cylinder to move, making the lifting cylinder's pulling action smoother and more stable.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the lifting rod is provided with several locking holes, which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the lifting rod; the sliding sleeve is provided with an adjustment hole, in which an adjustment pin is inserted, which can pass through the adjustment hole and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole; the outer wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a connecting hole, in which a locking pin is inserted, which can pass through the connecting hole and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole; several push rods are fixed in the middle of the bidirectional screw, which extend radially outward along the bidirectional screw, and the push rods are evenly distributed at equal angles along the outer circumference of the bidirectional screw; the fixing point of the connecting rope and the lifting cylinder is located on the same vertical line as the center of gravity of the lifting cylinder. The engagement of the adjusting pin and the locking hole allows for quick locking of the sliding sleeve, while the engagement of the locking pin and the locking hole allows for quick locking of the lifting rod. Both locking structures are easy to operate, ensuring stable and reliable positioning of the device after adjustment and preventing displacement during operation. The push rods, evenly distributed along the circumference of the bidirectional screw, allow operators to easily rotate the bidirectional screw from different directions, reducing the difficulty of adjusting the device height and improving adjustment efficiency. The fact that the fixing point of the connecting rope and the lifting cylinder is collinear with the center of gravity of the lifting cylinder ensures uniform tension on the lifting cylinder, preventing tilting during pulling, ensuring balanced force on the steel strand, reducing wear on the steel strand and internal components, and extending the device's service life.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. The high-strength through-hole magnetic ring can attract loose anchor plates, preventing them from sliding back to the anchor cup with the steel strand, thus improving the anchor removal efficiency; 2. The lifting mechanism can be flexibly adjusted in height and position to adapt to different roadways and anchor cups, ensuring stable and reliable operation; 3. The sealing and protection structure is well-designed, adaptable to complex downhole environments, and extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an installation diagram illustrating a specific embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Lifting cylinder; 11. Piston ring; 2. Tool head; 21. Mounting groove; 22. Connecting hole; 23. Connecting sleeve; 24. Return spring one; 25. High-strength through-hole magnetic ring; 26. Connecting ring; 27. Adjusting bolt; 28. Guide cylinder; 3. Clamping sleeve; 31. Anchor claw; 4. Support sleeve; 41. Return spring two; 5. Base; 6. Outer cylinder; 61. Annular groove; 7. Hydraulic pipeline; 71. Sealing ring; 8. Steel strand; 81. Anchor cup; 82, Anchor plate; 9, Support cylinder; 91, Bottom insert rod; 92, Connecting cylinder; 921, Connecting hole; 922, Locking pin; 93, Double-acting screw; 931, Push rod; 94, Lifting rod; 941, Locking hole; 95, Top insert rod; 96, Sliding sleeve; 961, First pulley; 962, Adjusting hole; 963, Adjusting pin; 97, Connecting rod; 98, Claw; 981, Second pulley; 99, Connecting rope; 991, Rope winding cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0024] A mining anchor cable unanchoring device, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the device includes a lifting cylinder 1, a tool head 2, a clamping mechanism, a support sleeve 4, a base 5, an outer cylinder 6, a hydraulic pipeline 7, a sealing ring 71, and a lifting mechanism. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the steel strand 8 and pull the steel strand 8 downward. The high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 is used to attract loose anchor plates 82. The hydraulic pipeline 7, in conjunction with the piston ring 11, provides power for the movement of the lifting cylinder 1. The lifting mechanism is used to drive the lifting cylinder 1 to move up and down and to achieve the overall stability and fixation of the device. All components work together to realize the anchor cable unanchoring operation and prevent the anchor plates 82 from sliding back to the anchor cup 81 with the steel strand 8.

[0025] The lifting cylinder 1 has a hollow structure, with a tool head 2 fixed to its top. The tool head 2 and the lifting cylinder 1 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to form a whole, ensuring that the lifting cylinder 1 can drive the tool head 2 to move synchronously when it moves. The top of the tool head 2 has a mounting groove 21, and a connecting ring 26 is set in the mounting groove 21. The connecting ring 26 is sleeved on the top of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25, and the two are fixedly connected. The connecting ring 26 moves synchronously with the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25. The connecting ring 26 is equipped with an adjusting bolt 27, which is arranged vertically. The threaded end of the adjusting bolt 27 passes through the connecting ring 26 and is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting groove 21. By rotating the adjusting bolt 27, the connecting ring 26 and the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 can be driven to move up and down axially, thereby adjusting the distance between the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 and the anchor plate 82. The bottom of the mounting groove 21 is provided with a connecting hole 22, which passes through the tool head 2 axially and is connected to the internal cavity of the lifting cylinder 1. The steel strand 8 can pass through the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 and the connecting hole 22 in sequence before entering the interior of the lifting cylinder 1. A connecting sleeve 23 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting hole 22. The connecting sleeve 23 is coaxially arranged with the connecting hole 22. A return spring 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting sleeve 23. The upper end of the return spring 24 abuts against the bottom of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25. The return spring 24 provides an upward support force for the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 and also plays a buffering role when the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 moves. A guide cylinder 28 is fixed to the inner wall of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25. The guide cylinder 28 extends downward along the axial direction, and the lower end of the guide cylinder 28 passes through the interior of the reset spring 24. The guide cylinder 28 plays a radial limiting role on the reset spring 24, preventing the reset spring 24 from tilting during the extension and retraction process, and ensuring that the reset spring 24 always extends and retracts along the axial direction.

[0026] The lifting cylinder 1 is equipped with a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping sleeve 3 and an anchor claw 31. Both are located in the internal cavity of the lifting cylinder 1 and are coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder 1. The outer wall of the clamping sleeve 3 is in close contact with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 1, and there is no relative sliding between them. When the lifting cylinder 1 moves, it can drive the clamping sleeve 3 to move synchronously. The upper end face of the clamping sleeve 3 abuts against the lower end face of the tool head 2. When the tool head 2 moves downward, it can apply downward pressure to the clamping sleeve 3, pushing the clamping sleeve 3 to move downward along the axial direction. The inner wall of the clamping sleeve 3 is conical, and its inner diameter gradually increases from the top to the bottom along the axial direction. The anchor claw 31 is located inside the clamping sleeve 3. The anchor claw 31 is composed of three arc-shaped structures. After assembly, the center of the anchor claw 31 forms a channel for the steel strand 8 to pass through. The outer wall of the anchor claw 31 is conical, and the taper of the outer wall of the anchor claw 31 is consistent with the taper of the inner wall of the clamping sleeve 3. The anchor claw 31 can move axially along the inner wall of the clamping sleeve 3. When the clamping sleeve 3 moves downward, the conical surface of the inner wall of the clamping sleeve 3 will exert a squeezing effect on the outer wall of the anchor claw 31, causing the three anchor claws 31 to assemble towards the center, thereby clamping the steel strand 8 passing through the center of the anchor claw 31. When the clamping sleeve 3 moves upward, the squeezing effect disappears, and the anchor claw 31 can return to the open state, releasing the steel strand 8.

[0027] The lifting cylinder 1 is also equipped with a support sleeve 4, which is located directly below the clamping sleeve 3 and is coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder 1. The outer wall of the support sleeve 4 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 1, and the lifting cylinder 1 can move axially along the outer wall of the support sleeve 4 without any jamming. A second return spring 41 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the support sleeve 4. The second return spring 41 extends axially and its upper end abuts against the lower end face of the anchor claw 31. The second return spring 41 provides an upward elastic force to the anchor claw 31, pushing the anchor claw 31 to move upward when it is not compressed, thus helping the anchor claw 31 to return to its open state. Furthermore, the second return spring 41 is coaxially arranged with the anchor claw 31 to ensure that the force exerted by the second return spring 41 on the anchor claw 31 is transmitted axially, preventing the anchor claw 31 from shifting under force.

[0028] The lower end of the support sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the base 5. The base 5 and the support sleeve 4 are coaxially arranged and fixed to form an integral whole. The support sleeve 4 is stably supported by the base 5. The outer cylinder 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer circumferential surface of the base 5. The outer cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the base 5. The outer cylinder 6 is coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder 1. The inner wall of the outer cylinder 6 is provided with an annular groove 61. The annular groove 61 extends along the circumference of the outer cylinder 6 to form an annular cavity. A piston ring 11 is fixed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder 1. The piston ring 11 is located in the annular groove 61. The inner wall of the piston ring 11 slides against the outer wall of the support sleeve 4, and the outer wall of the piston ring 11 slides against the inner wall of the annular groove 61. The piston ring 11 and the annular groove 61 cooperate to form a sealed hydraulic cavity. A hydraulic pipeline 7 is provided on the outside of the outer cylinder 6. The output end of the hydraulic pipeline 7 passes through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 6 and is connected to the annular groove 61. The external hydraulic system inputs or discharges hydraulic oil into the annular groove 61 through the hydraulic pipeline 7. The hydraulic oil pushes the piston ring 11 to move axially, thereby driving the lifting cylinder 1 to move synchronously.

[0029] A sealing ring 71 is provided circumferentially on the mating surface between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 6 and the outer wall of the lifting cylinder 1. The sealing ring 71 fits tightly with the outer cylinder 6 and the lifting cylinder 1. The sealing ring 71 can prevent the hydraulic oil in the annular groove 61 from leaking from the mating surface between the outer cylinder 6 and the lifting cylinder 1, and at the same time block external coal dust and sewage from entering the device, protect the internal components from contamination, and ensure the stable operation of the device.

[0030] The hoisting mechanism includes a vertically arranged support cylinder 9. Several bottom inserts 91 are located at the lower end of the support cylinder 9, and these inserts 91 can be inserted and fixed to the bottom of the tunnel. A connecting cylinder 92 is coaxially arranged above the support cylinder 9. Both the inner walls of the connecting cylinder 92 and the support cylinder 9 are provided with internal threads. A bidirectional screw 93 is provided between the connecting cylinder 92 and the support cylinder 9. The upper end of the bidirectional screw 93 is inserted into the connecting cylinder 92, and the external thread of the bidirectional screw 93 engages with the internal thread of the connecting cylinder 92. The lower end of the bidirectional screw 93 is inserted into the support cylinder 9, and the external thread of the bidirectional screw 93 engages with the internal thread of the support cylinder 9. By rotating the bidirectional screw 93, the axial lifting and lowering of the connecting cylinder 92 relative to the support cylinder 9 can be achieved, thereby adjusting the overall height of the hoisting mechanism. Several push rods 931 are fixed in the middle of the bidirectional screw 93. The push rods 931 extend radially outward along the bidirectional screw 93, and the several push rods 931 are evenly distributed at equal angles along the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw 93. The bidirectional screw 93 can be easily driven to rotate through the push rods 931.

[0031] A lifting rod 94 is coaxially inserted into the upper end of the connecting cylinder 92. The lifting rod 94 can slide along the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 92 and lock. Several top insert rods 95 are provided at the upper end of the lifting rod 94. The top insert rods 95 can be inserted and fixed to the top of the tunnel. Several locking holes 941 are opened on the outer wall of the lifting rod 94. The locking holes 941 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the lifting rod 94. A connecting hole 921 is opened on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 92. A locking pin 922 is inserted into the connecting hole 921. The locking pin 922 can pass through the connecting hole 921 and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole 941. The position of the lifting rod 94 relative to the connecting cylinder 92 can be locked by the cooperation of the locking pin 922 and the locking hole 941.

[0032] A sliding sleeve 96 is fitted on the outside of the lifting rod 94. The sliding sleeve 96 can slide along the outer wall of the lifting rod 94 and lock. An adjustment hole 962 is provided on the sliding sleeve 96. An adjustment pin 963 is inserted into the adjustment hole 962. The adjustment pin 963 can pass through the adjustment hole 962 and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole 941. The position of the sliding sleeve 96 relative to the lifting rod 94 can be locked by the cooperation of the adjustment pin 963 and the locking hole 941. The sliding sleeve 96 is provided with a first pulley 961. The sliding sleeve 96 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 97. The other end of the connecting rod 97 is provided with a claw 98, which can be locked onto the outside of the anchor cup 81. The claw 98 is provided with a second pulley 981. A connecting rope 99 is wound around the first pulley 961 and the second pulley 981. One end of the connecting rope 99 is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder 1, and the fixing point of the connecting rope 99 and the lifting cylinder 1 is located on the same vertical line as the center of gravity of the lifting cylinder 1. The other end of the connecting rope 99 is connected to the winding drum 991, which is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 92. The winding drum 991 can be wound and unwound to drive the connecting rope 99 to move, thereby cooperating with the hydraulic drive to achieve stable lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder 1.

[0033] Working process: First, the hoisting mechanism is used to fix the overall position of the device. The bottom insert rod 91 at the lower end of the support cylinder 9 is inserted and fixed to the bottom of the roadway. According to the height of the roadway, the push rod 931 is rotated to drive the double screw 93 to rotate. The height of the connecting cylinder 92 is adjusted by the threaded engagement of the double screw 93 with the connecting cylinder 92 and the support cylinder 9. Then, the lifting rod 94 is pulled and slid along the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 92. The top insert rod 95 at the upper end of the lifting rod 94 is inserted and fixed to the top of the roadway. The locking pin 922 is inserted through the connecting hole 921 and plugged in. Within the corresponding locking hole 941, the position locking of the lifting rod 94 and the connecting cylinder 92 is completed; the sliding sleeve 96 moves along the outer wall of the lifting rod 94 to the position that matches the anchor cup 81, inserts the adjusting pin 963 through the adjusting hole 962 and into the corresponding locking hole 941 to complete the position locking of the sliding sleeve 96, and then the claw 98 is engaged with the outside of the anchor cup 81 to realize the connection and fixation between the lifting mechanism and the anchor cup 81, while ensuring that the connecting rope 99 is wrapped around the first pulley 961 and the second pulley 981 and one end is firmly fixed to the lifting cylinder 1.

[0034] Next, the steel strand 8 to be unanchored is sequentially threaded through the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25, the connecting hole 22, and the central channel of the anchor claw 31 from the top, so that the end of the steel strand 8 extends to a suitable position inside the lifting cylinder 1, completing the initial assembly of the device and the steel strand 8; the adjusting bolt 27 on the connecting ring 26 is rotated, and through the threaded engagement between the adjusting bolt 27 and the bottom of the mounting groove 21, the connecting ring 26 and the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 are moved up and down axially, adjusting the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 to a position close to the anchor plate 82, preparing for the subsequent adsorption of the anchor plate 82.

[0035] Subsequently, the external hydraulic system is activated, and hydraulic oil is input into the annular groove 61 through the hydraulic line 7. At the same time, the rope drum 991 is controlled to release the connecting rope 99 synchronously. The hydraulic oil creates pressure in the annular groove 61, pushing the piston ring 11 to move axially downward. The piston ring 11 drives the lifting drum 1, which is fixed to it, to move downward synchronously. The lifting drum 1 further drives the tool head 2 to move downward synchronously. During this process, the connecting rope 99 is smoothly released through the guiding action of the first pulley 961 and the second pulley 981, which, in conjunction with the downward movement of the lifting drum 1, prevents the lifting drum 1 from tilting during its downward movement.

[0036] When the tool head 2 moves downward, its lower end faces the clamping sleeve 3, applying downward pressure and pushing the clamping sleeve 3 downward along the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 1. As the clamping sleeve 3 moves downward, the conical surface of its inner wall generates radial extrusion force on the outer wall of the anchor claw 31, causing the three-lobed anchor claw 31 to contract towards the center. The inner wall of the anchor claw 31 fits tightly against the steel strand 8, thus clamping the steel strand 8.

[0037] After the anchor claw 31 clamps the steel strand 8, the external hydraulic system continuously drives the piston ring 11 and the lifting cylinder 1 to move downwards. The anchor claw 31 moves downwards synchronously with the lifting cylinder 1, thereby pulling the steel strand 8 downwards. At the same time, the rope winding cylinder 991 continues to smoothly release the connecting rope 99, assisting the lifting cylinder 1 in stabilizing the pulling action. During the pulling process of the steel strand 8, the anchor plate 82 gradually separates from the anchor cup 81 and loosens. At this time, the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 attracts the loosened anchor plate 82 with its own magnetic force, preventing the anchor plate 82 from moving with the steel strand 8.

[0038] After the anchor plate 82 is stably attracted, rotate the adjusting bolt 27 again to drive the connecting ring 26, the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 and the attracted anchor plate 82 to move axially, gradually pulling the anchor plate 82 out from the end of the steel strand 8 until the anchor plate 82 is completely separated from the steel strand 8; during this process, the length of the connecting rope 99 can be finely adjusted by the rope drum 991 to ensure the stability of the lifting drum 1 and improve the smoothness of the anchor plate 82 removal.

[0039] After the anchor plate 82 is removed, the external hydraulic system stops inputting hydraulic oil and discharges the hydraulic oil from the annular groove 61 through the hydraulic pipeline 7, causing the pressure in the annular groove 61 to disappear. Simultaneously, the rope winding drum 991 is controlled to slowly wind up the connecting rope 99, assisting the lifting drum 1 to return to its upward position. At this time, the second return spring 41 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the anchor claw 31 upward to move axially. Under the thrust of the second return spring 41, the anchor claw 31 gradually opens, releasing the steel strand 8. The steel strand 8 retracts upward under its own reset action, while the anchor plate 82 has been pulled out by the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring 25 and detached from the steel strand 8, and will not slide back to the anchor cup 81 with the steel strand 8.

[0040] Finally, release the hoisting mechanism from its fixation, pull out the adjusting pin 963 and locking pin 922 to restore the sliding sleeve 96 and lifting rod 94 to their movable state, remove the locking of the claw 98 and the anchor cup 81, then rotate the push rod 931 in the opposite direction to drive the bidirectional screw 93 to rotate, adjust the height of the connecting cylinder 92 and the lifting rod 94, pull out the bottom insert rod 91 and the top insert rod 95 from their fixation to the roadway, and complete one anchor cable unanchoring operation.

[0041] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. The high-strength through-hole magnetic ring can attract loose anchor plates, preventing them from sliding back to the anchor cup with the steel strand, thus improving the anchor removal efficiency; 2. The lifting mechanism can be flexibly adjusted in height and position to adapt to different roadways and anchor cups, ensuring stable and reliable operation; 3. The sealing and protection structure is well-designed, adaptable to complex downhole environments, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A mining anchor cable unanchoring device, comprising a lifting cylinder (1), wherein a clamping mechanism is provided inside the lifting cylinder (1), the clamping mechanism being capable of clamping a steel strand and pulling the steel strand downwards, characterized in that, The top of the lifting cylinder (1) is fixed with a tool head (2), and the top of the tool head (2) is provided with an installation groove (21). The bottom of the installation groove (21) is provided with a connecting hole (22). The connecting hole (22) passes through the tool head (2) along the axis and is connected to the clamping mechanism. The bottom of the connecting hole (22) is fixed with a connecting sleeve (23). The top of the connecting sleeve (23) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the return spring (24). The upper end of the return spring (24) abuts against the bottom of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring (25). The top of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring (25) is fixedly fitted with a connecting ring (26). The connecting ring (26) is located in the installation groove (21). The connecting ring (26) is provided with an adjusting bolt (27). The threaded end of the adjusting bolt (27) passes through the connecting ring (26) and is threadedly connected to the bottom of the installation groove (21). The mining anchor cable unanchoring device also includes a lifting mechanism, which can drive the lifting cylinder (1) to move up and down.

2. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the high-strength through-hole magnetic ring (25) is fixed with a guide cylinder (28). The guide cylinder (28) extends downward along the axial direction, and the lower end of the guide cylinder (28) passes through the interior of the reset spring (24). The outer diameter of the guide cylinder (28) is adapted to the inner diameter of the reset spring (24).

3. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting ring (26) is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the adjusting bolt (27) is arranged in the vertical direction. The two adjusting bolts (27) are spaced apart around the connecting ring (26) and are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the connecting ring (26) as the axis of symmetry.

4. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a clamping sleeve (3) and an anchor claw (31) located inside the lifting cylinder (1); the outer wall of the clamping sleeve (3) is in close contact with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder (1), the upper end face of the clamping sleeve (3) abuts against the lower end face of the tool head (2), the inner wall of the clamping sleeve (3) is a conical surface and its inner diameter gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end along the axial direction; the anchor claw (31) is located inside the clamping sleeve (3) and is coaxial with the clamping sleeve (3), the outer wall of the anchor claw (31) is a conical surface and its taper is consistent with the taper of the inner wall of the clamping sleeve (3), and the anchor claw (31) can move axially along the inner wall of the clamping sleeve (3).

5. The mining anchor cable unanchoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting cylinder (1) is provided with a support sleeve (4), which is coaxial with the lifting cylinder (1) and located directly below the clamping sleeve (3); the outer wall of the support sleeve (4) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder (1), and the upper end face of the support sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second reset spring (41); the second reset spring (41) extends axially, and its upper end abuts against the lower end face of the anchor claw (31), and the axis of the second reset spring (41) coincides with the axis of the anchor claw (31).

6. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the support sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the base (5), and the base (5) is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve (4); the outer cylinder (6) is fixedly fitted on the outer circumference of the base (5), and the outer cylinder (6) is coaxially arranged with the lifting cylinder (1), and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (6) is provided with an annular groove (61).

7. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A piston ring (11) is fixed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder (1). The piston ring (11) is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve (4) and located in the annular groove (61). The inner wall of the piston ring (11) slides against the outer wall of the support sleeve (4), and the outer wall of the piston ring (11) slides against the inner wall of the annular groove (61). A hydraulic pipeline (7) is provided on the outside of the outer cylinder (6). The output end of the hydraulic pipeline (7) passes through the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (6) and communicates with the annular groove (61).

8. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sealing ring (71) is provided circumferentially on the mating surface between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (6) and the outer wall of the lifting cylinder (1).

9. The anchor cable unanchoring device for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a vertically arranged support cylinder (9), with several bottom inserts (91) at the lower end of the support cylinder (9), which can be inserted and fixed to the bottom of the roadway; a connecting cylinder (92) is coaxially arranged above the support cylinder (9), and both the inner walls of the connecting cylinder (92) and the support cylinder (9) are provided with internal threads. A double-ended screw (93) is provided between the connecting cylinder (92) and the support cylinder (9), with the upper end of the double-ended screw (93) inserted into the connecting cylinder (92), and the external thread of the double-ended screw (93) engaging with the internal thread of the connecting cylinder (92); the lower end of the double-ended screw (93) is inserted into the support cylinder (9), and the external thread of the double-ended screw (93) engaging with the internal thread of the support cylinder (9); a lifting rod (94) is coaxially inserted into the upper end of the connecting cylinder (92), and the lifting rod (94) can slide along the inner wall of the connecting cylinder (92) and lock. The upper end of (94) is provided with several top insert rods (95), which can be inserted and fixed to the top of the roadway; the outside of the lifting rod (94) is provided with a sliding sleeve (96), which can slide along the outer wall of the lifting rod (94) and lock. The sliding sleeve (96) is provided with a first pulley (961), and the sliding sleeve (96) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (97). The other end of the connecting rod (97) is provided with a claw (98), which can be locked to the outside of the anchor cup (81). The claw (98) is provided with a second pulley (981); the first pulley (961) and the second pulley (981) are together surrounded by a connecting rope (99). One end of the connecting rope (99) is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder (1), and the other end of the connecting rope (99) is connected to the winding cylinder (991). The winding cylinder (991) is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting cylinder (92).

10. The mining anchor cable retraction device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer wall of the lifting rod (94) is provided with several locking holes (941), which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the lifting rod (94); the sliding sleeve (96) is provided with an adjustment hole (962), and an adjustment pin (963) is inserted into the adjustment hole (962). The adjustment pin (963) can pass through the adjustment hole (962) and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole (941); the outer wall of the connecting cylinder (92) is provided with a connecting hole (921), and a locking pin (963) is inserted into the connecting hole (921). There is a locking pin (922), which can pass through the connecting hole (921) and be inserted into the corresponding locking hole (941); a number of push rods (931) are fixed in the middle of the double screw (93), the push rods (931) extend radially outward along the double screw (93), and the number of push rods (931) are evenly distributed at equal angles along the outer periphery of the double screw (93); the fixing point of the connecting rope (99) and the lifting cylinder (1) is located on the same vertical line as the center of gravity of the lifting cylinder (1).

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