Method for measuring impact-resistant small clearance of hub bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring an impact-resistant small gap of a hub bearing. The method comprises the following steps: S1, determining an assembly measurement structure of the hub bearing; s2, designing a small-gap opening structure of the hub bearing; s3, selecting a feeler gauge measurement mode or a soft metal wire measurement mode or a metal liquid measurement mode or an external instrument measurement mode according to the opening shape of the small gap to obtain a small gap t value; and S4, verifying the qualification of the t value. The problems that in the prior art, the hub bearing generates abnormal sound due to impact indentation under low background noise, the small gap t value is not resistant to impact when being too large and is prone to interference when being too small, and an existing measurement method cannot adapt to different assembly states and opening forms to achieve small gap accurate measurement are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing processing technology, specifically to a method for measuring the impact resistance of small clearance in wheel hub bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Wheel bearings are core rotating components in automotive chassis systems, and their performance directly affects vehicle stability, comfort, and safety. With the widespread adoption of new energy vehicles (especially pure electric vehicles), the noise of vehicle powertrains has significantly decreased, making subtle abnormal noises from chassis components increasingly prominent. Among these, abnormal noises from wheel bearings caused by impact indentations during driving have become a key pain point affecting the electric vehicle driving experience. The impact resistance of traditional wheel bearings is closely related to the small clearance t-value (i.e., the assembly clearance between the inner and outer steel ball sets of the flange and the outer flange ring): when the t-value is too large, the bearing is prone to impact indentations between the steel balls and the raceways when subjected to road impact loads, leading to abnormal noise; conversely, when the t-value is too small, interference friction easily occurs during bearing operation, resulting in accelerated wear and affecting service life. Therefore, accurately controlling the t-value within a reasonable range is key to solving these problems. However, traditional measurement schemes are mostly single-logic designs, lacking an integrated solution that can comprehensively adapt to different production needs, leading to numerous challenges in practical applications, namely: 1. Poor adaptability: Narrow scope of scenario adaptation: The adaptability of a single measurement solution is limited, and it cannot simultaneously cover the two assembly states of "bearing assembly / semi-finished product" and the two clearance opening forms of "straight through / turning through". In actual production, the measurement method needs to be flexibly adjusted for different production links (process inspection, final inspection) and different product structures. Existing solutions require frequent switching of independent measurement systems, which is cumbersome and lacks adaptability. 2. Insufficient flexibility and practicality: Different production scenarios have different measurement needs (such as laboratory R&D requiring convenient operation, production line mass production requiring high efficiency and accuracy, and complex structure products requiring adaptation to special openings). However, the existing single solution cannot meet the need for "flexible selection of measurement logic within a single method", which leads to enterprises having to invest in multiple measurement devices and training costs, resulting in serious waste of resources. 3. Lack of uniformity in quality control: Due to the lack of integrated solutions, measurements in different scenarios need to rely on independent operating procedures and calibration standards. This can easily lead to deviations in measurement data due to method switching, making it difficult to form a unified quality control system. In particular, in the collaborative scenario of semi-finished product process inspection and final assembly inspection, the data consistency is poor, which increases the risk of unqualified products leaving the market. 4. Imbalance between process efficiency and cost: A single solution cannot meet the needs of multiple scenarios, which means that measurement processes need to be designed separately for different situations in production. This not only increases the complexity of operation and reduces measurement efficiency, but also further increases the overall production cost due to additional costs such as equipment investment and personnel adaptation.

[0003] In summary, the core deficiency of existing technologies lies in the lack of a unified measurement method that integrates multiple measurement logics. This makes it impossible to comprehensively adapt to the measurement needs of different assembly states, different opening shapes, and different production scenarios, resulting in cumbersome measurement processes, poor adaptability, high costs, and insufficient data consistency, making it difficult to efficiently ensure the accurate control of the small clearance t value of wheel hub bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for measuring the impact resistance of wheel hub bearings with small clearances. This method aims to solve the problems in existing technologies where wheel hub bearings produce abnormal noise due to impact indentations under low background noise conditions, and where excessively large clearance values ​​(t-values) are not impact-resistant while excessively small clearance values ​​are prone to interference. Furthermore, existing measurement methods cannot be adapted to different assembly states and opening shapes to achieve accurate measurement of small clearances.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of wheel hub bearings, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the assembly measurement structure of the hub bearing and select the bearing assembly structure for measurement or select the bearing semi-finished product structure for measurement. S2. Design the opening structure of the small clearance of the wheel hub bearing so that the shape of the small clearance opening can be designed as a straight opening or a bend opening according to the measurement method. S3. Based on the shape of the small gap opening, select a feeler gauge measurement method, a soft metal wire measurement method, a liquid metal measurement method, or an external instrument measurement method to obtain the small gap t-value. The feeler gauge measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening and a feeler gauge is prepared to be inserted into the small gap opening; the thickness of the feeler gauge is the t-value. The soft metal wire measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening, the bend shape, or a combination of both. A soft metal wire is prepared and extruded to form a thin sheet with the same thickness as the small gap opening for insertion into the small gap opening; the thickness of the thin sheet is the t-value. The liquid metal measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening, the bend shape, or a combination of both. The shape is combined with the shape, the solder wire is prepared and heat-treated into liquid so that it can be dripped into a small gap opening. The liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire. The thickness of the solid solder wire is the t value. The external instrument measurement method is to use a dial indicator to measure the inner ring and outer ring of the wheel hub bearing flange. Then, the height of the steel ball cage assembly of the wheel hub bearing is measured to obtain the H1 value when it is installed and the height of the steel ball cage assembly of the wheel hub bearing is measured to obtain the H2 value when it is disassembled. The t value is obtained by the formula t=(H1-H2)×cosA, where A is the preset angle of the contact angle formed by the inner ring of the wheel hub bearing flange, the outer steel ball assembly and the outer ring of the flange. S4. Verify the t-value's compliance. If the t-value is within the preset compliance range, the measurement is complete. If it is not compliant, repeat steps S1 to S3 until the t-value is within the preset compliance range.

[0006] The present invention further specifies that the thickness accuracy of the feeler gauge in step S3 is 0.01mm-0.05mm, and the surface of the feeler gauge is smooth and burr-free.

[0007] The present invention further specifies that: in step S3, the diameter of the soft metal wire is 0.5mm-2mm and the purity is ≥99.5%; when the soft metal wire measurement method is used to measure the structure of the wheel hub bearing assembly, it is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the soft metal wire is hammered to make it fit into a small gap opening; when the soft metal wire measurement method is used to measure the semi-finished structure of the wheel hub bearing, it is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the inner and outer rings of the flange of the wheel hub bearing are fastened together and the soft metal wire is placed between the inner and outer rings of the flange so that the soft metal wire is squeezed by the closing of the inner and outer rings of the flange.

[0008] The present invention further specifies that: in step S3, the solder wire used in the liquid metal measurement method is made of leaded solder paste and heated into a liquid by a soldering iron; when measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped into a small gap opening until the liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire; when measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped between the inner and outer rings of the flange of the wheel hub bearing and the inner and outer rings of the flange are fastened together to allow the solder wire to cool and solidify.

[0009] The present invention further includes the following: the external instrument measurement method in step S3 includes a measuring instrument, which comprises an instrument platform, a bracket mounted on the instrument platform, a positioning head, and a dial indicator. The positioning head has a positioning hole at its bottom for the outer diameter of the flange of the wheel hub bearing to abut against it. The bracket has two triangular forks, one of which is positioned directly above the other. The radial cross-sections at the ends of both triangular forks are triangular and form tangential surfaces for contact with the outer diameter of the inner ring of the flange of the wheel hub bearing. A first swing arm and a first connecting arm are movably mounted on the bracket. A first clamp is detachably connected between the end of the first connecting arm and the bracket to... After the first connecting arm rises and falls along the height direction of the instrument platform, it is fixedly connected to the bracket by the first clamp. The end of the first swing arm is detachably connected to the first connecting arm by a first locking bolt. The dial indicator is detachably connected to the first swing arm, and the measuring end of the dial indicator is in contact with the top wall of the positioning head. The bracket is provided with a second swing arm and a second connecting arm at the positions of the two triangular forks. The beginning of the second connecting arm is detachably connected to the bracket by a second clamp so that after the second connecting arm rises and falls along the height direction of the instrument platform, it is fixedly connected to the bracket by the second clamp. The end of the second swing arm is detachably connected to the second connecting arm by a second locking bolt.

[0010] The present invention further comprises: a first pivot pin at the beginning of the first swing arm; a first pivot hole for inserting the first pivot pin on the first connecting arm; a first locking bolt threadedly connected to the first connecting arm so that when the first locking bolt is screwed in, the first locking bolt is inserted into the first pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the first pivot pin; a second pivot pin at the beginning of the second swing arm; a second pivot hole for inserting the second pivot pin on the second connecting arm; and a second locking bolt threadedly connected to the second connecting arm so that when the second locking bolt is screwed in, the second locking bolt is inserted into the second pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the second pivot pin.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are: within the same measurement framework, this method can flexibly select two assembly states, bearing assembly or semi-finished product, and can design small gap openings as straight or curved openings according to the product structure. Through the built-in multiple measurement logics (feeler gauge, soft metal wire, liquid metal, external instrument measurement) and the opening shape, it can accurately match the measurement needs of the entire production process from "process inspection (semi-finished product) to final inspection (assembly)" without switching to an independent measurement system. This completely solves the problems of narrow applicability and cumbersome scene switching of existing solutions, and greatly improves adaptability and practicality.

[0012] Secondly, the various measurement logics integrated in this method each have their own focus, allowing for selection based on specific needs: easy-to-use soft metal wire or liquid metal measurement methods can be used in laboratory R&D phases; efficient and precise external instrument measurement methods can be used in mass production lines; low-cost feeler gauge measurement methods can be used for simple structure products; and highly adaptable soft metal wire or liquid metal measurement methods can be used for products with complex corner structures. A single solution meets different needs such as convenience, accuracy, low cost, and adaptability, eliminating the need for additional investment in multiple measurement devices and training costs, significantly reducing resource waste.

[0013] Third, this method establishes a unified measurement process framework (assembly state selection - opening shape design - measurement method selection - t-value verification), clarifies the operation specifications and core parameters of each measurement logic (such as feeler gauge accuracy, soft metal wire purity, and instrument measurement formula), and ensures that the semi-finished product process inspection and the final assembly inspection follow unified quality control standards. This avoids calibration deviations and operational differences caused by switching between different measurement systems in existing technologies, ensures that t-value measurement data are consistent in different stages and scenarios, effectively reduces the risk of defective products leaving the product, and improves the overall product quality stability.

[0014] Fourth, there is no need to design separate measurement processes for different assembly states, opening shapes, or production scenarios, nor is it necessary to frequently change measurement equipment, recalibrate, or train personnel. Measurement in all scenarios can be completed through flexible switching within the same method, which greatly simplifies the measurement process in production and improves measurement efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the investment cost of multiple sets of measurement equipment, personnel training costs, and time losses caused by process switching, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the measurement process, and is more suitable for the actual needs of large-scale production.

[0015] In summary, this invention integrates multiple measurement logics to form a unified solution, which not only solves the problems of adaptability and lack of flexibility of existing single measurement technologies, but also ensures measurement accuracy and data consistency through unified standards. At the same time, it simplifies the process and optimizes costs, providing an efficient, flexible and economical solution for the precise control of the small clearance t value of wheel hub bearings, and has significant practical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hub bearing of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of section M, including schematic diagrams of the shape of the bend and the shape of the straight passage; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeler gauge measurement method used in this invention, which includes a partial three-dimensional view of the wheel hub bearing and a schematic diagram showing the differences in the processing of the bend shape and the straight-through shape. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soft metal wire measurement method used in this invention, which includes a partial three-dimensional view of the wheel hub bearing and a schematic diagram showing the differences in the processing of the bend shape and the straight-through shape. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the metal liquid measurement method used in this invention, which includes a partial three-dimensional view of the wheel hub bearing and a schematic diagram showing the differences in the processing of the bend shape and the straight-through shape. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the testing instrument in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the testing instrument in this invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the positioning head in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the triangular fork and its connecting structure in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention provides a method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of wheel hub bearings, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the assembly measurement structure of the hub bearing and select the bearing assembly structure for measurement or select the bearing semi-finished product structure for measurement. S2. Design the opening structure of the small clearance of the wheel hub bearing so that the shape of the small clearance opening can be designed as a straight opening or a bend opening according to the measurement method. S3. Based on the shape of the small gap opening, select a feeler gauge measurement method, a soft metal wire measurement method, a liquid metal measurement method, or an external instrument measurement method to obtain the small gap t-value. The feeler gauge measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening and a feeler gauge is prepared to be inserted into the small gap opening; the thickness of the feeler gauge is the t-value. The soft metal wire measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening, the bend shape, or a combination of both. A soft metal wire is prepared and extruded to form a thin sheet with the same thickness as the small gap opening for insertion into the small gap opening; the thickness of the thin sheet is the t-value. The liquid metal measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening, the bend shape, or a combination of both. The shape is combined with the shape, the solder wire is prepared and heat-treated into liquid so that it can be dripped into a small gap opening. The liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire. The thickness of the solid solder wire is the t value. The external instrument measurement method is to use a dial indicator to measure the inner ring and outer ring of the wheel hub bearing flange. Then, the height of the steel ball cage assembly of the wheel hub bearing is measured to obtain the H1 value when it is installed and the height of the steel ball cage assembly of the wheel hub bearing is measured to obtain the H2 value when it is disassembled. The t value is obtained by the formula t=(H1-H2)×cosA, where A is the preset angle of the contact angle formed by the inner ring of the wheel hub bearing flange, the outer steel ball assembly and the outer ring of the flange. S4. Verify the t-value's compliance. If the t-value is within the preset compliance range, the measurement is complete. If it is not compliant, repeat steps S1 to S3 until the t-value is within the preset compliance range.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the feeler gauge thickness accuracy is 0.01mm-0.05mm, and the feeler gauge surface is smooth and burr-free.

[0019] Further: In step S3, the diameter of the soft metal wire is 0.5mm-2mm and the purity is ≥99.5%. When measuring the structure of the wheel hub bearing assembly, the soft metal wire measurement method is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the soft metal wire is hammered to insert it into a small gap opening. When measuring the semi-finished structure of the wheel hub bearing, the soft metal wire measurement method is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the inner and outer rings of the wheel hub bearing flange are fastened together and the soft metal wire is placed between the inner and outer rings of the flange so that the soft metal wire is squeezed by the closing of the inner and outer rings of the flange.

[0020] Further: In step S3, the solder wire used in the liquid metal measurement method is made of leaded solder paste and heated into a liquid by a soldering iron. When measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped into a small gap opening until the liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire. When measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped between the inner ring and outer ring of the flange of the wheel hub bearing and the inner ring and outer ring of the flange are fastened together to allow the solder wire to cool and solidify.

[0021] Further: The external instrument measurement method in step S3 includes a measuring instrument, which includes an instrument platform, a bracket mounted on the instrument platform, a positioning head, and a dial indicator. The positioning head has a positioning hole at its bottom for the outer diameter of the flange of the wheel hub bearing to abut against it. The bracket has two triangular forks, with one triangular fork positioned directly above the other. The radial cross-sections at the ends of the two triangular forks are triangular and form a tangent surface for tangent to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the flange of the wheel hub bearing. A first swing arm and a first connecting arm are movably mounted on the bracket. A first clamp is detachably connected between the end of the first connecting arm and the bracket to the first... After the connecting arm rises and falls along the height direction of the instrument platform, the first connecting arm is fixedly connected to the bracket by the first clamp. The end of the first swing arm is detachably connected to the first connecting arm by a first locking bolt. The dial indicator is detachably connected to the first swing arm and the measuring end of the dial indicator is in contact with the top wall of the positioning head. The bracket is provided with a second swing arm and a second connecting arm at the positions of the two triangular forks. The beginning of the second connecting arm is detachably connected to the bracket by a second clamp so that the second connecting arm is fixedly connected to the bracket by the second clamp after the second connecting arm rises and falls along the height direction of the instrument platform. The end of the second swing arm is detachably connected to the second connecting arm by a second locking bolt.

[0022] Furthermore: the first swing arm is provided with a first pivot pin at its starting end, and the first connecting arm is provided with a first pivot hole for the first pivot pin to be inserted. The first locking bolt is threadedly connected to the first connecting arm so that when the first locking bolt is screwed in, the first locking bolt is inserted into the first pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the first pivot pin. The second swing arm is provided with a second pivot pin at its starting end, and the second connecting arm is provided with a second pivot hole for the second pivot pin to be inserted. The second locking bolt is threadedly connected to the second connecting arm so that when the second locking bolt is screwed in, the second locking bolt is inserted into the second pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the second pivot pin.

[0023] Specific Implementation Method 1 (Feeler Gauge Measurement Method): 1. Select a feeler gauge with an accuracy of 0.01mm-0.05mm and a smooth, burr-free surface. Check that the feeler gauge is not deformed and the scale is clear. Confirm the assembly status of the wheel hub bearing to be measured. Select either the bearing assembly structure (fully assembled with flange inner ring, outer seal ring, outer ball assembly, outer cage, flange outer ring, inner seal ring, inner ring, inner ball assembly, and inner cage) or the bearing semi-finished structure (only assembled with flange inner ring, outer ball assembly, outer cage, and flange outer ring).

[0024] 2. Based on the adaptation requirements of the feeler gauge measurement method, the small clearance opening of the wheel hub bearing is designed as a straight through-hole shape (without obstruction along the small clearance direction to ensure that the feeler gauge can be fully inserted).

[0025] 3. Hold the feeler gauge and gently insert it into the straight opening of the small gap, ensuring that the feeler gauge fits completely against the gap without any looseness or jamming; read the feeler gauge scale that perfectly matches the gap. The thickness of the feeler gauge corresponding to this scale is the small gap t value of the wheel hub bearing.

[0026] 4. Check whether the measured t-value is within the preset acceptable range (usually 0.2mm-0.4mm); if the measurement is of a bearing semi-finished structure, and the t-value is not acceptable, adjust the relevant parts that affect the t-value (such as the groove size of the flange inner ring and flange outer ring, etc.), repeat step 3 and remeasure until the t-value is acceptable; if the measurement is of a bearing assembly structure, the measurement is completed if the t-value is acceptable, and if it is not acceptable, the assembly problem needs to be investigated and rectified before remeasurement.

[0027] Specific Implementation Example 2 (Implementation Process of Soft Metal Wire Measurement Method): 1. Select a soft metal wire (lead wire or tin wire) with a diameter of 0.5mm-2mm and a purity of ≥99.5%, and cut the wire to a length that matches the small gap size; confirm the assembly state of the wheel hub bearing to be measured, and select the bearing assembly structure or bearing semi-finished product structure.

[0028] 2. If the bearing assembly structure measurement is selected, the small clearance opening should be designed as a straight-through shape; if the bearing semi-finished product structure measurement is selected, the small clearance opening can be designed as a straight-through shape, a bend shape, or a combination of both.

[0029] 3. For measuring the structure of a bearing assembly: Gently tap a soft metal wire with a small hammer, inserting it into the small gap along the straight end until the soft metal wire is completely compressed and fits the gap, forming a thin sheet with the same thickness as the gap. For measuring the structure of a semi-finished bearing: Place the soft metal wire at the preset gap position between the inner and outer rings of the flange, fasten the inner and outer rings of the flange, and use the force of their closing action to compress the soft metal wire, forming a thin sheet of the corresponding thickness. Then carefully remove the compressed sheet, avoiding deformation, and use precision calipers to measure the thickness of the sheet, which is the small gap t value.

[0030] 4. Check if the t-value is within the preset acceptable range. If it is a bearing semi-finished product structure, and the t-value is not acceptable, adjust the relevant part parameters and repeat step 3 to re-extrude and measure. If it is a bearing assembly structure, and the t-value is not acceptable, disassemble and troubleshoot the problem, rectify it, and then reassemble and measure.

[0031] Specific Implementation Method 3 (Method Implementation Flow for Measuring Liquid Metal): 1. Select solder wire made of leaded solder paste, prepare a soldering iron (heating temperature meets the requirements for melting solder wire, usually 183℃-230℃) and protective tools; confirm the assembly status of the wheel hub bearing to be measured, and select the bearing assembly structure or bearing semi-finished product structure.

[0032] 2. If the bearing assembly structure measurement is selected, the small clearance opening should be designed as a straight-through shape; if the bearing semi-finished product structure measurement is selected, the small clearance opening can be designed as a straight-through shape, a bend shape, or a combination of both.

[0033] 3. Heat the solder wire with a soldering iron until it melts into a liquid state. For measuring the structure of a bearing assembly: slowly drip the liquid solder into the small gap along the straight end until the liquid solder fills the gap, and let it stand to cool to room temperature and solidify to form a solid with the same thickness as the gap. For measuring the structure of a semi-finished bearing: drip the liquid solder into the preset gap position between the inner ring and the outer ring of the flange, quickly fasten the inner ring and the outer ring of the flange to shape it, and after the solder cools and solidifies, separate the inner ring and the outer ring of the flange; take out the solder solid and use calipers to measure its thickness, which is the small gap t value.

[0034] 4. Check whether the t-value meets the preset standard; if it is a bearing semi-finished product structure, and the t-value is not qualified, adjust the part parameters and repeat the dripping, curing and measurement process; if it is a bearing assembly structure, and the t-value is not qualified, it needs to be disassembled, rectified and reassembled for measurement.

[0035] Specific Implementation Example 4 (Measurement Procedure Using External Instruments): 1. Set up the measuring instrument: Assemble the instrument platform, bracket, positioning head, dial indicator, and two triangular forks. Ensure that the first swing arm, first connecting arm, second swing arm, and second connecting arm on the bracket move smoothly, and that the locking bolts (first locking bolt and second locking bolt) and clamps (first clamp and second clamp) function properly. Calibrate the dial indicator to ensure that the measurement accuracy meets the standard. Determine the preset contact angle A of the wheel hub bearing (usually 15°-25°). Prepare the wheel hub bearing to be measured (preferably choose a semi-finished bearing structure, i.e., the inner ring of the assembly flange, the outer steel ball assembly, the outer cage, and the outer ring of the flange).

[0036] 2. Place the inner ring of the wheel hub bearing flange downwards on the instrument platform. Adjust the lower triangular fork so that its end tangent surface is tangent to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the flange. Fix the second connecting arm and the second swing arm with the second clamp and the second locking bolt to achieve the positioning of the inner ring of the flange. Adjust the upper triangular fork so that its end tangent surface is tangent to the outer diameter of the outer ring of the flange. Fix the corresponding second connecting arm and the second swing arm with the second clamp and the second locking bolt to achieve the fixing of the outer ring of the flange. Snap the positioning head onto the top of the outer ring of the flange so that the positioning hole at the bottom of the positioning head abuts and fits with the outer diameter of the outer ring of the flange to complete the centering.

[0037] 3. Adjust the height of the first connecting arm and fix it with the first clamp. Then adjust the angle of the first swing arm so that the dial indicator's testing end is in close contact with the top wall of the positioning head. Calibrate the dial indicator's zero point. Keep the inner and outer rings of the flange fixed. Measure the height of the steel ball retainer assembly when it is installed and record it as the H1 value. Remove the steel ball retainer assembly consisting of the outer steel ball group and the outer retainer. Re-fasten the outer ring of the flange onto the inner ring of the flange, keeping the triangular fork tangentially positioned with the inner and outer rings of the flange. Measure the height at this time and record it as the H2 value.

[0038] 4. Calculate the small clearance t value according to the formula t=(H1-H2)×cosA (A is the contact angle formed by the inner ring of the flange, the outer steel ball assembly and the outer ring of the flange of the hub bearing); check whether the t value is within the preset qualified range; if the t value is not qualified, adjust the relevant parts that affect the t value (such as the diameter of the steel ball, the depth of the groove, etc.), repeat steps 2-4 to remeasure until the t value is qualified; this method is suitable for mass production and can achieve continuous and efficient measurement through standardized operation.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of the aforementioned specification, the inner ring of the flange of the hub bearing is designated as 1, the outer ball assembly as 13, the outer cage as 14, the outer ring of the non-rotating flange as 15, the inner seal ring as 16, the inner ring of the bearing as 17, the inner ball assembly as 18, and the inner cage as 19; in the aforementioned technology, the outer diameter of the outer ring of the flange is designated as 151, and the outer diameter of the inner ring of the flange is designated as 11.

[0040] In the above-mentioned technology, the instrument platform is identified as 2 in the attached drawings of the instruction manual, the bracket as 3, the triangular fork as 31, the first swing arm as 32, the first pivot pin as 321, the first connecting arm as 33, the first clamp as 331, the first locking bolt as 332, the first rotating hole as 333, the second swing arm as 34, the second pivot pin as 341, the second connecting arm as 35, the second clamp as 351, the second locking bolt as 352, the second rotating hole as 353, the positioning head as 4, the positioning hole as 41, and the dial indicator as 5.

[0041] The feeler gauge described in the above-mentioned technology is identified as 6 in the accompanying drawings, the solder wire is identified as 61 in the accompanying drawings, and the liquid metal is identified as 62 in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the impact resistance of a wheel hub bearing with small clearance, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the assembly measurement structure of the hub bearing and select the bearing assembly structure for measurement or select the bearing semi-finished product structure for measurement. S2. Design the opening structure of the small clearance of the wheel hub bearing so that the shape of the small clearance opening can be designed as a straight opening or a bend opening according to the measurement method. S3. Select a feeler gauge measurement method, a soft metal wire measurement method, a liquid metal measurement method, or an external instrument measurement method according to the shape of the small gap opening to obtain the small gap t value. The feeler gauge measurement method is adapted to the shape of the straight opening and a feeler gauge is prepared to pass through the small gap opening. The thickness of the feeler gauge is the t value. The soft metal wire measurement method is adapted to the shape of a straight opening, a bend opening, or a combination of straight and bend openings. A soft metal wire is prepared and extruded to form a thin sheet with the same thickness as the small gap opening, which is then inserted into the small gap opening. The thickness of the thin sheet is the t value. The method for measuring the liquid metal is adapted to straight-through or bend-through or a combination of both. Solder wire is prepared and heat-treated to become liquid before being dripped into a small gap opening. The liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire, the thickness of which is the t value. The method for measuring with an external instrument involves using a dial indicator. The inner and outer rings of the wheel bearing flange are fixed, and the height of the ball cage assembly during installation is measured to obtain the H1 value. The height of the ball cage assembly during disassembly is measured to obtain the H2 value. The t value is obtained using the formula t = (H1 - H2) × cosA, where A is a preset angle representing the contact angle formed by the inner and outer ball assemblies of the wheel bearing flange and the outer ring. S4. Verify the t-value's compliance. If the t-value is within the preset compliance range, the measurement is complete. If it is not compliant, repeat steps S1 to S3 until the t-value is within the preset compliance range.

2. The method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of a wheel hub bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the feeler gauge thickness accuracy is 0.01mm-0.05mm, and the feeler gauge surface is smooth and burr-free.

3. The method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of a wheel hub bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the diameter of the soft metal wire is 0.5mm-2mm and the purity is ≥99.5%. When measuring the structure of the wheel hub bearing assembly, the soft metal wire measurement method is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the soft metal wire is hammered to make it fit into a small gap opening. When measuring the semi-finished structure of the wheel hub bearing, the soft metal wire measurement method is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the inner and outer rings of the wheel hub bearing flange are fastened together and the soft metal wire is placed between the inner and outer rings of the flange so that the soft metal wire is squeezed by the closing of the inner and outer rings of the flange.

4. The method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of a wheel hub bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the solder wire used in the liquid metal measurement method is made of leaded solder paste and heated into a liquid by a soldering iron. When measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is only suitable for straight-through openings, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped into a small gap opening until the liquid solder wire cools and solidifies to form a solid solder wire. When measuring the wheel hub bearing assembly structure, the liquid metal measurement method is suitable for straight-through openings or bends, that is, the liquid formed by heat treatment of the solder wire is dripped between the inner and outer rings of the flange of the wheel hub bearing and the inner and outer rings of the flange are fastened together to allow the solder wire to cool and solidify.

5. The method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of a wheel hub bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external instrument measurement method in step S3 includes a measuring instrument, which comprises an instrument platform, a bracket mounted on the instrument platform, a positioning head, and a dial indicator. The positioning head has a positioning hole at its bottom for the outer diameter of the flange of the wheel hub bearing to abut against it. The bracket has two triangular forks, one of which is positioned directly above the other. The radial sections at the ends of both triangular forks are triangular and form tangential surfaces for contact with the outer diameter of the inner ring of the flange of the wheel hub bearing. A first swing arm and a first connecting arm are movably mounted on the bracket. A first clamp is detachably connected between the end of the first connecting arm and the bracket for use in the first connection... After the arm rises and falls along the height of the instrument platform, the first connecting arm is fixedly connected to the bracket by the first clamp. The end of the first swing arm is detachably connected to the first connecting arm by a first locking bolt. The dial indicator is detachably connected to the first swing arm, and the dial indicator's measuring end is in contact with the top wall of the positioning head. The bracket is provided with a second swing arm and a second connecting arm at the positions corresponding to the two triangular forks. The beginning of the second connecting arm is detachably connected to the bracket by a second clamp so that after the second connecting arm rises and falls along the height of the instrument platform, the second connecting arm is fixedly connected to the bracket by the second clamp. The end of the second swing arm is detachably connected to the second connecting arm by a second locking bolt.

6. The method for measuring the impact resistance clearance of a wheel hub bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first swing arm has a first pivot pin at its starting end, and a first pivot hole for inserting the first pivot pin is provided on the first connecting arm. The first locking bolt is threadedly connected to the first connecting arm so that when the first locking bolt is screwed in, the first locking bolt is inserted into the first pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the first pivot pin. The second swing arm has a second pivot pin at its starting end, and a second pivot hole for inserting the second pivot pin is provided on the second connecting arm. The second locking bolt is threadedly connected to the second connecting arm so that when the second locking bolt is screwed in, the second locking bolt is inserted into the second pivot hole to achieve partial contact with the outer peripheral wall of the second pivot pin.

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