Universal flight recording system platform

Abstract

A universal flight recording system platform disclosed by the present invention comprises an airborne end and a ground end, the airborne end comprises a recording system core processor and a plurality of wireless universal recorders, and the ground end comprises a universal computer and a universal processing software platform; the recording system core processor comprises a universal interface module, a universal processing module and a first wireless transmission module, and the universal interface module comprises a power supply processing module and a plurality of hot-pluggable resident interface protocol sub-processing modules; the wireless universal recorder comprises a second wireless communication transmission module and a universal recording base, and the universal recording base serves as a carrier for storing data at the airborne end; and the general software processing platform provides user authentication and authority service, maintenance work order generation service, wireless uploading service and data management service. The universal flight recording system platform provided by the invention solves the problems of high cost, weak interchangeability, data islanding and the like caused by model architecture difference of the existing flight recording system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a flight recording system platform, and more particularly to a Universal Flight Recorder Platform (UFRP). Background Technology

[0002] In today's highly specialized and diversified air transport industry, flight recording systems (including Flight Data Recorders (FDR), Cockpit Voice Recorders (CVR), and next-generation QAR systems) are core infrastructure for ensuring flight safety and supporting operational optimization. However, the heterogeneity caused by differences in the architecture of different aircraft models is becoming a key bottleneck restricting the industry's efficiency improvement and digital transformation. The root cause of this problem lies first in the significant differences in design concepts, electronic and electrical architecture, and airworthiness standards between different aircraft models (whether it is the cross-manufacturer difference between the Airbus A320 and the Boeing 737 MAX, the generational difference between the domestically produced C919 and traditional regional jets, or even different generations of aircraft from the same manufacturer). This has ultimately resulted in an isolated system pattern of "one policy for each aircraft," leading to the "double pain points" of high business operating costs and weak system interchangeability.

[0003] From the perspective of specific differences in technical architecture, the incompatibility between hardware interfaces and sensor physical specifications is paramount. For example, Airbus models mostly use the ARINC 629 bus protocol, while traditional Boeing models rely on the ARINC 429 bus. The two are completely different in signal transmission rate, electrical characteristics, and terminal interfaces (such as ARINC 629's dual-wire redundancy versus ARINC 429's unidirectional three-wire), requiring ground maintenance equipment (such as data downloaders and GSEs) to be configured separately for each protocol. Secondly, the fragmentation of data encoding and storage standards further exacerbates heterogeneity—although ICAO recommends common standards such as ARINC 647A, manufacturers often extend data fields based on their own algorithms (such as Airbus's "Enhanced Parameter Set" and Boeing's "Extended Data Dictionary"). Some military-modified models or regional manufacturers (such as the Russian Tu series) even use non-public proprietary protocols, resulting in the inability to directly interoperate QAR data file formats (binary structure, timestamp precision, parameter naming rules) between different models.

[0004] This architectural heterogeneity directly drives up airlines' business operating costs, persisting throughout the entire "procurement-maintenance-upgrade" lifecycle. On the procurement side, to cover multi-aircraft fleets, airlines need to introduce multiple flight record systems simultaneously, significantly increasing initial capital expenditure. For example, airlines operating Airbus A320, Boeing 737, and C919 aircraft need to purchase ground download equipment, data parsing software, and airworthiness certification modules compatible with each of the three aircraft types, with equipment procurement costs 40%-60% higher than for a single-aircraft fleet of the same size. On the maintenance side, technicians are "aircraft-bound": a qualified FDR maintenance engineer needs to master the system architecture, fault code libraries, and specialized tools for at least 3-5 mainstream aircraft types. Companies must pay high certification training fees for each aircraft type, and additional resources need to be coordinated when troubleshooting across different aircraft types, extending the mean time to repair (MTTR) by 2-3 times compared to homogeneous systems. Furthermore, due to the mandatory expansion of recording parameters required by airworthiness regulations (such as FAA TSO C123c and EASA ETSO C123c), the firmware of the recorder needs to be upgraded separately for each aircraft. Some older models even require the entire recorder to be replaced due to hardware computing power limitations (the cost of a single upgrade can reach 500,000 to 800,000 yuan), which further increases the total life cycle cost.

[0005] Besides cost pressures, weak system interchangeability has become a major obstacle to the industry's digital transformation. On the one hand, the value of data assets is severely diluted: to achieve intelligent applications such as Flight Quality Assurance (FOQA) and engine health management, airlines need to integrate multi-source flight data into a unified analysis platform. However, due to format incompatibility, a large amount of IT resources must be invested in developing customized conversion tools. Moreover, data distortion is easily caused by parameter mapping errors during the conversion process, directly affecting the reliability of the analysis results. On the other hand, the allocation efficiency of spare parts and resources is low: the mechanical structure (size, interface type) and electronic components (storage chip model, power module specification) of the recorders of different aircraft models are not interchangeable. Airlines need to keep spare parts separately for each aircraft model (inventory turnover rate is less than 20%), and the storage cost accounts for 15%-20% of the total value of spare parts. When spare parts for a certain aircraft model are in short supply (such as the delivery time of imported sensors is delayed), it is impossible to temporarily replace them with redundant spare parts from other aircraft models, directly extending the aircraft downtime (MTBO). The loss from a single downtime can reach 100,000-200,000 yuan per day.

[0006] Currently, the global aviation industry is accelerating its transformation towards generalization and intelligence. As a crucial node connecting the aircraft, ground, and personnel, the heterogeneity of flight recorder systems has become a core bottleneck restricting industry efficiency improvements. Promoting technological standardization (such as unified data protocols, open communication interfaces, and standardized storage formats) is not only a key approach to reducing airline operating costs but also a strategic cornerstone for unlocking the value of data elements and supporting the construction of high-quality civil aviation. Only by breaking the closed pattern of "one system per aircraft" and building an open and compatible technological ecosystem can flight recorder systems truly leap from "safety recorders" to "intelligent decision-making centers," injecting new momentum into the sustainable development of the aviation industry. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a universal flight recording system platform that can solve the problems of high cost, weak interchangeability and data silos caused by differences in aircraft architecture in existing flight recording systems.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a universal flight recording system platform, comprising an airborne end and a ground end. The airborne end includes a core processor for the recording system and several wireless universal recorders. The ground end includes a universal computer and a universal processing software platform. The core processor for the recording system includes a universal interface module, a universal processing module, and a first wireless transmission module. The universal interface module includes a power processing module and multiple hot-swappable resident interface protocol sub-processing modules. The universal interface module is used to collect flight data, data link data, audio data, and video data transmitted from the front-end system. The universal processing module integrates and processes the data transmitted by the universal interface module to form an output parameter data packet. The wireless universal recorder includes a second wireless communication transmission module and a universal recording base. The second wireless communication transmission module is securely mounted on the universal recording base via a magnetic snap-fit, and the universal recording base serves as a carrier for storing data on the airborne end. The universal software processing platform provides user authentication and permission services, maintenance work order generation services, wireless upload services, and data management services.

[0009] Furthermore, the general processing module and the first wireless transmission module software work together to provide loading and remote access support functions.

[0010] Furthermore, the general interface module, general processing module, and first wireless transmission module achieve high-speed data interaction through the PCIe 4.0x4 bus and signal bus.

[0011] Furthermore, the core processor of the recording system automatically identifies newly connected modules and loads drivers through a device enumeration mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the slots of the general interface module are configured with independent power domains and clock domains.

[0013] Furthermore, the internal circuitry of the universal recording base includes a power input, a multi-voltage domain processing circuit, a load disconnect controller, a backup power supply, a storage chip, and a positioning beacon.

[0014] Furthermore, the general software processing platform provides user authentication and authorization services as follows: after receiving a login request through the web frontend, it verifies the user's credentials; upon successful verification, it creates a user session, assigns a session ID, and generates a temporary authentication token; during subsequent user interactions, the web frontend carries this authentication token or session ID in the HTTP request header; it intercepts and verifies each request for protected resources, checking the validity of the token / session, whether it has expired, and whether the user has the permission to perform the requested operation.

[0015] Furthermore, the general software processing platform provides maintenance work order generation services in the following manner: retrieving relevant airborne data from the data management service and preprocessing the retrieved airborne data; calling the internally integrated intelligent AI engine or an extensible external AI service to analyze the processed airborne data; based on the AI ​​analysis results, calling a predefined maintenance rule base to obtain detailed information related to the current problem, solution history, and applicable maintenance standards; generating a detailed maintenance work order, including: work order ID, problem description, fault location, severity, priority, recommended maintenance process, estimated required resources and time, a list of recommended tools, and recommendations for responsible personnel.

[0016] Furthermore, the general software processing platform provides wireless upload services in the following manner: The target airborne device is specified via a web frontend, and the target software version or package to be loaded is selected, and a software loading request is submitted; the user's permissions for this operation are verified, and the connection status of the target airborne device is checked; the integrity, validity, and compatibility of the selected package are verified; the selected package is converted into necessary formats, repackaged, and a secure transmission channel is established; the package is transmitted to the target airborne device via the established wireless communication link, and progress monitoring, breakpoint resumption, error detection, and retransmission mechanisms are implemented during the transmission process.

[0017] Furthermore, the general-purpose software processing platform provides data management services in the following manner: It initiates a data download request via a web front-end, specifying the airborne data to be downloaded; it locates and retrieves the airborne data that meets the criteria, and transmits the data from the airborne equipment or intermediate storage to the ground-based general-purpose processing platform via a secure wireless communication link; after the data is received, it performs integrity verification; if the verification is successful, it stores the received airborne data in a structured or semi-structured manner in the platform's persistent storage system; it creates a multi-level index for the stored airborne data and returns the results of the data download and storage operations to the requester.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The universal flight recording system platform provided by the present invention solves the problems of high cost, weak interchangeability, and data silos caused by differences in aircraft architecture in existing flight recording systems. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a physical architecture diagram of the universal flight recording system platform of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram and data transmission diagram of the universal flight recording system platform of the present invention; Figure 3 This invention records a block diagram of the general processing module design of the core processor of the system. Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the wireless universal recorder design in the universal flight recording system platform of this invention; Figure 5 This is a design diagram of the ground-based general processing platform architecture in the general flight record system platform of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a physical architecture diagram of the universal flight recording system platform of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 The universal flight recording system platform provided by this invention mainly consists of two parts: an airborne end, which includes a recording system core processor and a number of wireless universal recorders that can be flexibly increased or decreased; and a ground end, which is mainly a ground universal processing platform.

[0023] The airborne recording system's core processor mainly consists of three parts: a general interface module, a general processing module, and a first wireless transmission module. Each module can be hot-swapped within the recording system's core processor chassis.

[0024] The general interface module mainly includes a resident interface protocol submodule and a power processing module. The mainstream protocols include ARINC429, ARINC664, ARINC717, ARINC818, ARINC825, etc. Its main function is to collect flight data, data link data, audio data, and video data transmitted by the front-end system.

[0025] The general processing module mainly integrates, processes, and intelligently analyzes the data transmitted by the general interface module to form an output parameter data package. It is mainly composed of multiple hot-swappable sub-processing modules.

[0026] The first wireless transmission module mainly consists of a wireless transmission module and application software residing on it. It realizes wireless data transmission and has functions such as network security and protocol conversion. It is a hot-swappable and standard-interchangeable core module for system content communication.

[0027] The onboard wireless universal recorder is the primary carrier for recording accident investigation data in the recording system. It mainly consists of a second wireless communication transmission module and a universal recording base, which are securely mounted via magnetic snap-fit, allowing for quick maintenance and replacement. The second wireless transmission module is designed identically to the first wireless communication module in the core processor of the recording system. The recorder base is the carrier for storing data onboard, and its recording capacity and crashworthiness can be configured in various combinations to meet the requirements of different aircraft models.

[0028] The ground-based general-purpose processing platform mainly consists of a general-purpose computer and a general-purpose processing software platform. The general-purpose computer is a regular PC laptop, and the general-purpose software processing platform mainly provides user authentication and permission services, maintenance work order generation services, wireless upload services, and data management services, enabling users to interact quickly and conveniently with the general-purpose recording system platform.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram and data transmission diagram of the universal flight recording system platform of the present invention.

[0030] Please continue reading Figure 2 The functions and data flow transmission of the general recording system platform of the present invention are as follows: The core processor of the recording system is the device that prioritizes data access and processing on the airborne end. It mainly includes flight data acquisition, audio data acquisition, data link data acquisition, video data acquisition, data transmission, data packaging, data security, intelligent data analysis, BIT testing, fault diagnosis, software loading, and remote access support functions. The flight data acquisition, audio data acquisition, data link data acquisition, and video data acquisition functions are primarily implemented by the general interface module; the intelligent data analysis, BIT testing, and fault diagnosis functions are implemented by the general processing module; the data transmission, data packaging, and data security functions are primarily implemented by the first wireless transmission module; and the software loading and remote access support functions are jointly implemented by the general processing module and the first wireless transmission module.

[0031] The recording system's core processor uses a general-purpose interface module to collect data from various on-board systems and sensors, and receives power from the on-board unit. The general-purpose interface module transmits the collected data to a general-purpose processing module via the device's internal bus for data processing. After power processing, the received on-board power is split into two paths, supplying power to the general-purpose processing module and the first wireless transmission module respectively. Upon receiving the data, the general-purpose processing module processes and analyzes it to form data packets that meet data transmission requirements. These data packets contain integrated on-board data and on-board maintenance prediction information processed based on intelligent algorithms. Upon receiving the data packets, the first wireless transmission module performs protocol conversion and communication security processing according to user requirements, and then wirelessly transmits the processed data in data packet form to the second wireless transmission module of the wireless general-purpose recorder.

[0032] A wireless universal recorder is a device for storing and transmitting data to the ground. Its main functions include data recording, underwater positioning, data security, software loading, and data transmission. Data recording and underwater positioning are achieved through a universal recording base, while data security, software loading, and data transmission are achieved through a wireless transmission module.

[0033] After receiving the data packet from the recording system core unit, the second wireless transmission module in the wireless universal recorder transmits the data to the universal recording base for storage via the internal bus of the device. After receiving the power supply from the aircraft, the universal recording base processes and converts the power to output power to the second wireless transmission module. The second wireless transmission module is securely installed to the universal recording base via a magnetic bayonet, which can effectively reduce the weight of the equipment and enhance the maintainability and interchangeability of the airborne equipment.

[0034] The ground-based general-purpose processing platform primarily implements data management, authentication and permission allocation, intelligent work order generation, and wireless upload functions. Data management refers to the wireless downloading, processing, and visualization of data transmitted by the wireless general-purpose recorder. Authentication and permission allocation involves user interaction via a web front-end to assist users in using the platform. Intelligent work order generation refers to the ground-based general-purpose processing platform combining database analysis with airborne intelligent data for maintenance judgment and retrieval, thereby generating the necessary procedures, tools, and manuals for maintenance work. The wireless upload function mainly transmits loadable software wirelessly to multiple wireless transmission modules on the airborne end, facilitating online software upgrades.

[0035] The design of each device in the universal flight record system platform of this invention is described in detail below.

[0036] (1) Design of the core processing unit of the recording system; The recording system's core processor employs a layered decoupling and standardized interface, balancing high performance, high scalability, and ease of integration. It comprises three core units: a general-purpose interface module, a general-purpose processing module, and a first wireless transmission module. High-speed data interaction is achieved via a PCIe 4.0 x4 bus and signal bus, supporting multi-protocol fusion, hot-swappable expansion, and open communication interfaces. Data acquisition and uplink occur through the general-purpose interface module's PCIe bus, receiving heterogeneous data from various acquisition front-end devices. The general-purpose processing module, after FPGA preprocessing, CPU logic judgment, and NPU intelligent analysis, encapsulates the data into a unified format and pushes it to the first wireless transmission module via the PCIe bus. Data transmission and feedback occur through the first wireless transmission module receiving external commands (software loading) and transmitting them back to the general-purpose processing module via the PCIe bus. The general-purpose processing module verifies the command's validity before responding.

[0037] The general interface module mainly consists of power supply and hot-swap control, multi-protocol acquisition interface, and data transmission channel. It adopts a standardized PCIe electrical interface and mechanical structure, supporting plug-and-play dynamic access / removal of devices. A device enumeration mechanism automatically identifies newly accessed modules and loads drivers. Each slot is configured with an independent power domain and clock domain to avoid interference from hot-swapping to other modules; it supports hot-state parameter reloading to ensure business continuity. The input power is isolated and regulated by a DC / DC converter circuit to power all components within the module. Equipped with a PCIe hot-swap controller and current detection circuit, it supports hot-swap of PCIe devices and uses relays / MOSFETs to achieve power-on / off smoothing to avoid surge impact. The hot-swap module can be expanded to eight PCIe 4.0 x4 slots, compatible with hot-swap avionics interfaces (such as ARINC 664, ARINC 429, ARINC 818, ARINC825, etc.), with each slot configured with an independent hot-swap interface circuit (including status indicator lights and overcurrent protection).

[0038] General processing modules such as Figure 3 As shown, it mainly includes a core processing unit, bus data processing, and intelligent analysis. Data processing and standardization are achieved through a defined unified metadata format and layered processing flow. The PCIe interface parses aviation protocol data such as ARINC, the storage interface reads historical data, and all data is uniformly encapsulated into a standardized data structure. The FPGA layer primarily performs real-time high-speed signal processing (such as pulse compression and protocol deframes), outputs intermediate results to CPU memory, and the CPU layer runs programs that call configurations for logical judgments (such as data filtering and rule engine matching), calls the NPU for AI inference, and the storage layer partitions and stores raw data according to timestamps / device IDs. The processing results are written to the NVM and an index is generated before initial transmission to the first wireless transmission module.

[0039] The first wireless transmission module consists of a protocol processing unit, a main control and security unit, and a wireless communication interface. It integrates a baseband processor (BBP) and an RF transceiver chip, supporting multiple wireless protocols (such as Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.2, LTE-M, etc.). It features an independent MAC controller and a physical layer (PHY) chip. The main control chip runs the wireless protocol stack and integrates a protocol switching matrix to achieve dynamic switching between multiple protocols. It is equipped with a driver-driven security encryption engine to encrypt and decrypt transmitted data. The wireless communication interface transmits and receives signals via RF cables and an onboard antenna, supporting antenna diversity technology to improve anti-interference capabilities. The wireless transmission module uses modular packaging, supporting rapid replacement of wireless modules of different frequency bands / standards without modifying the main control circuitry.

[0040] (2) Design of a wireless universal recorder; Please continue reading Figure 4The wireless universal recorder of this invention includes a universal recorder base and a second wireless transmission module. The internal circuitry of the universal recorder base mainly includes a power input, a multi-voltage domain processing circuit, a load disconnect controller, a backup power supply, a storage chip, and a positioning beacon. Its working principle is to provide the system with a stable power supply, emergency backup power, large-capacity data storage service, and device positioning function. The second wireless transmission module is designed identically to the core processor of the recording system. After the main control chip of the second wireless transmission module completes data reception and processing, the resulting "data packets" are transmitted to the universal recorder base via the inter-module data link, and securely stored by the storage chip of the universal recorder base.

[0041] (3) Design of a general-purpose ground processing platform; Please continue reading Figure 5 The ground-based general processing platform of this invention adopts a layered design principle, mainly comprising a user interface layer, a business logic layer, a data processing and storage layer, and an interface adaptation layer. It primarily forms four major services: user authentication service, work order generation service, wireless upload service, and data management service. The user authentication service is responsible for user authentication and access control; the work order generation service is responsible for the creation and management of automated task work orders; the wireless upload service is responsible for the secure upload of software or configurations to be loaded; and the data management service provides unified and efficient management and download of all structured and unstructured data on the platform. The workflow of each service is described below.

[0042] A. User Services: Users access the web front-end interface of the ground-based general processing platform through a web browser.

[0043] The system displays a login page, where the user enters their credentials (username and password).

[0044] After receiving a login request, the user authentication service first verifies the user's credentials (by comparing them with the user information stored in the database).

[0045] After successful verification, the user authentication service will create a user session, assign a session ID, and may generate a temporary authentication token.

[0046] This session information (such as session ID, expiration time, user roles and permissions, etc.) will be stored on the server side.

[0047] During subsequent user interactions, the web frontend will include this authentication token or session ID in the HTTP request header.

[0048] The user authentication service intercepts and verifies each request for protected resources, checking the validity of the token / session, whether it has expired, and whether the user has the permission to perform the requested operation.

[0049] A session can last for a period of time (active state) or end when the user logs out, the session times out, or the server forces a logout.

[0050] B. Work order generation service: The work order generation service retrieves relevant airborne data from the data management service.

[0051] The work order generation service first preprocesses the airborne data (cleaning, formatting, feature extraction, etc.). During the data preprocessing process, the ATA (Air Transport Association) chapters can be divided according to the ED-112B parameter record requirements, and at the same time, data that meets the requirements of ARINC767 and ARINC647A is generated, so that it meets the requirements of subsequent AI analysis.

[0052] Then, the work order generation service calls the internally integrated intelligent AI engine (which can be extended with external AI services). The AI ​​engine analyzes the processed onboard data based on machine learning models, rule engines, or deep learning algorithms.

[0053] The analysis results from the AI ​​engine will be sent back to the work order generation service.

[0054] The work order generation service uses AI analysis results to call a predefined maintenance rule library. These rules define the processing flow, priority, severity level, etc., for different types of problems.

[0055] At the same time, the work order generation service will also query the database (knowledge base, historical work order database, equipment manual database, etc.) to obtain detailed information related to the current problem, historical solutions, applicable maintenance standards, etc.

[0056] Based on the combined AI analysis results, maintenance rules, and database information, the work order generation service automatically generates detailed maintenance work orders. A typical maintenance work order includes: work order ID, problem description, fault location, severity, priority, recommended maintenance process (step breakdown), estimated required resources and time, a list of recommended tools (tool selection reference), and suggested personnel.

[0057] The generated maintenance work orders will be stored in the data management system and can be displayed to relevant maintenance personnel through a web front-end interface.

[0058] C. Wireless upload service: Users log in to the system through a web front-end.

[0059] The web front end provides a user interface that allows users to browse, search, and select target software versions or packages that need to be loaded onto a specific onboard device.

[0060] Users specify the target airborne equipment on the interface (possibly by device ID, serial number, or other unique identifier).

[0061] The user confirms the selection and submits the software loading request.

[0062] After receiving a user's software loading request, the wireless upload service will perform a series of pre-checks: Verify the user's permissions for this operation.

[0063] Check the connection status of the target airborne equipment (whether it is online and can communicate).

[0064] Verify the integrity, validity, and compatibility of the selected software package (with respect to the target device model, current software version, etc.).

[0065] The wireless upload service performs necessary format conversions, repackages, and establishes a secure transmission channel for the selected software packages.

[0066] The wireless upload service securely and reliably transmits software packages to the target airborne equipment via an established wireless communication link.

[0067] During this process, wireless upload services typically implement mechanisms such as progress monitoring, breakpoint resumption, error detection, and retransmission to ensure the reliability of transmission.

[0068] After receiving the software data, the target airborne equipment confirms receipt and verifies the received data to ensure its integrity.

[0069] After verification, the airborne equipment executes the software installation program and activates the newly loaded software upon successful installation.

[0070] The airborne equipment transmits the software loading status back to the ground-based general processing platform's wireless upload service via a wireless link.

[0071] The wireless upload service receives and records the feedback status from the onboard equipment. After the operation is completed, the system will display an operation result report (success or failure details) to the user through the web front end.

[0072] D. Data Management Services: Users initiate data download requests through the web front end, specifying the onboard data to be downloaded (which can be filtered by time range, device ID, data type, work order association, etc.).

[0073] After receiving a data download request, the data management service first locates and retrieves airborne data that meets the criteria. This data may be stored in the platform's local database or onboard equipment.

[0074] During the download process, the data management service is responsible for interacting with the storage system to efficiently read the requested data blocks.

[0075] For large amounts of airborne data, the data management service employs optimized transmission protocols and flow control mechanisms to transmit data from airborne equipment or intermediate storage to the storage facilities of the ground-based general processing platform via secure wireless communication links.

[0076] After the data is received, the data management service will perform an integrity check on the data.

[0077] After verification, the data management service stores the received airborne data in a structured or semi-structured manner in the platform's persistent storage system.

[0078] To efficiently retrieve and manage this massive amount of data, the data management service creates multi-level indexes for the stored onboard data: Basic index: Based on data metadata (such as timestamp, device ID, data type, size, source, etc.).

[0079] Content indexing: Indexing the key content of unstructured data (such as log text and images).

[0080] Association Index: Establish an index that establishes the association relationship between data and other entities (such as work orders, equipment, maintenance records, and users).

[0081] The data management service also stores this index information and maintains the index in real time.

[0082] Finally, the data management service will return the results of the data download and storage operations (success / failure and related statistics) to the requester.

[0083] This invention, centered on "hardware decoupling, data fusion, protocol openness, and intelligent operation and maintenance," systematically solves key technical problems currently plaguing the industry, such as high costs, weak interchangeability, and data silos. The following explanation details the platform architecture design, core technologies, and the specific technical problems addressed: The above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: 1. Hardware compatibility: Solves the high cost problem of "one hardware per machine"; Technological Breakthrough: Through the design of "universal host + pluggable acquisition module", the hardware interface is no longer tied to a specific aircraft model. For example, the interface adapter library of the acquisition module covers the sensor protocols of more than 90% of mainstream aircraft models (Airbus A320 / A350, Boeing 737 / 787, C919, regional jets CRJ / ERJ, etc.). Airlines only need to purchase the corresponding interface module for the new aircraft model (the cost is about 1 / 5 of that of traditional dedicated equipment), without having to replace the entire recorder host.

[0084] Technical problems solved: In traditional systems, the recorder hardware (such as downloaders and data storage units) for different aircraft models is completely independent, requiring airlines to make repeated purchases for multiple aircraft fleets, resulting in high equipment procurement costs (40%-60% higher than general platform solutions). UFRP, through its modular hardware design, enables flexible configuration of "one main unit + N modules," significantly reducing initial procurement and subsequent expansion costs.

[0085] 2. Data standardization: Eliminating "data silos" and unlocking data value; Technological Breakthrough: The data engine layer is pre-loaded with a "general parameter dictionary" (covering 4,000+ core parameters specified by ICAO and proprietary parameters of mainstream aircraft models), and automatically converts the raw data of different aircraft models (such as Airbus's ".dat" binary files and Boeing's ".arc" files) into a unified structured data format (JSON / XML) through a dynamic mapping engine, while retaining the metadata of the original parameters (such as sampling frequency, unit, and sensor location).

[0086] Technical problems solved: In traditional systems, QAR data requires manual development of conversion scripts due to format incompatibility (the development cost of a single-machine conversion tool is approximately 200,000-300,000 RMB), and the conversion error rate is 3%-5%. UFRP, through its automated mapping engine, can improve the conversion efficiency of multi-source data by 80% and reduce the error rate to below 0.5%, allowing airlines to directly input data into systems such as FOQA and Engine Health Management (EHM) without additional development costs.

[0087] 3. Protocol openness: Breaking down "information barriers" to achieve cross-system collaboration; Technological Breakthrough: The service interface layer features open, standardized APIs, supporting integration with proprietary platforms such as Airbus' Skywise and Boeing's AnalyticX. It also provides a protocol conversion gateway (e.g., converting Airbus' AS330 protocol to Boeing's ARINC615 protocol), resolving the data interoperability issues caused by "manufacturer-closed protocols" in traditional systems. Furthermore, the platform supports secure communication protocols such as MQTT over TLS and HTTPS, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data transmission.

[0088] Technical problems solved: In traditional systems, if airlines need to integrate data from Airbus and Boeing fleets, they must negotiate licensing agreements with both manufacturers separately (each licensing fee is approximately 500,000 to 1 million RMB), and data synchronization latency can reach the minute level. UFRP, through its open protocol conversion capabilities, can reduce multi-source data synchronization latency to the second level, and lower protocol licensing costs by 90%.

[0089] 4. Intelligent operation and maintenance: Reduce the manpower and time costs of "cross-model maintenance"; Technological Breakthrough: The platform integrates an AI diagnostic engine, utilizing machine learning models (such as random forests and LSTMs) trained on historical fault data. This allows for real-time analysis of recorder data (such as vibration, temperature, and voltage), providing early warnings of potential faults (such as engine bearing wear and sensor aging) up to 72 hours in advance, and automatically generating maintenance work orders (including the faulty component model, replacement steps, and required tools). Furthermore, the platform supports remote downloading of recorder data (via 4G / 5G networks) without requiring engineers to physically access the device.

[0090] Technical problems solved: In traditional systems, cross-model maintenance requires engineers to master fault codes and troubleshooting procedures for multiple systems (training cost per person is approximately 80,000-120,000 RMB), and the time to repair (MTTR) can be as long as 4-8 hours. UFRP, through AI-based diagnostics and maintenance, can shorten MTTR to 1-2 hours and reduce maintenance labor costs by 60%.

[0091] 5. Spare parts standardization: Solving the problems of "spare parts redundancy" and "downtime losses"; Technological Breakthrough: The hardware adaptation layer's acquisition modules adopt a unified mechanical interface (such as rack-mounted installation conforming to the ARINC 600 standard) and electrical specifications (such as 28V DC power supply and ARINC 629 bus electrical characteristics), allowing modules from different aircraft models to be used interchangeably. Airlines only need to stock universal modules (such as commonly used interface modules covering 80% of aircraft models), eliminating the need for separate spare parts for each aircraft model.

[0092] Technical problems solved: In traditional systems, airlines need to stock dedicated spare parts for each aircraft type (inventory turnover rate is less than 20%), with spare parts storage costs of approximately 50,000-100,000 yuan per aircraft. UFRP, through spare parts standardization, can increase inventory turnover rate to over 60% and reduce storage costs by 70%. At the same time, when spare parts for a certain aircraft type are in short supply, redundant modules from other aircraft types can be used as temporary substitutes (such as using a Boeing 737 data acquisition module to temporarily connect to an Airbus A320), avoiding aircraft downtime (a single downtime loss of approximately 100,000-200,000 yuan per day).

[0093] As can be seen from the above, the UFRP of this invention systematically solves the problems of high cost, weak interchangeability, and data silos caused by differences in aircraft architecture in existing flight recording systems through the technical path of "hardware decoupling, data fusion, protocol openness, and intelligent operation and maintenance". Its core value is reflected in: Cost optimization: can reduce equipment procurement costs, maintenance costs, and spare parts warehousing costs; Efficiency Improvement: Improve data integration efficiency, shorten fault repair time, and reduce protocol licensing costs; Ecosystem Collaboration: Open interfaces and protocol conversion capabilities promote data interoperability among airlines, manufacturers, and third-party service providers, accelerating the construction of smart civil aviation.

[0094] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A universal flight recording system platform, comprising an airborne terminal and a ground terminal, characterized in that, The airborne terminal includes a core processor of the recording system and several wireless universal recorders, and the ground terminal includes a general-purpose computer and a general-purpose processing software platform. The core processor of the recording system includes a general interface module, a general processing module, and a first wireless transmission module. The general interface module includes a power processing module and multiple hot-swappable resident interface protocol sub-processing modules. The general interface module is used to collect flight data, data link data, audio data, and video data transmitted by the front-end system. The general processing module integrates and processes the data transmitted by the general interface module to form an output parameter data packet. The wireless universal recorder includes a second wireless communication transmission module and a universal recording base. The second wireless communication transmission module is fastened to the universal recording base by a magnetic snap-fit, and the universal recording base serves as a carrier for storing data on the airborne end. The general software processing platform provides user authentication and permission services, maintenance work order generation services, wireless upload services, and data management services.

2. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general processing module and the first wireless transmission module software work together to provide loading and remote access support functions.

3. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general interface module, general processing module, and first wireless transmission module achieve high-speed data interaction through the PCIe 4.0 x4 bus and signal bus.

4. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The core processor of the recording system automatically identifies newly connected modules and loads drivers through a device enumeration mechanism.

5. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slots of the general interface module are configured with independent power domains and clock domains.

6. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The internal circuitry of the universal recording base includes a power input, a multi-voltage domain processing circuit, a load disconnect controller, a backup power supply, a storage chip, and a positioning beacon.

7. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general-purpose software processing platform provides user authentication and permission services in the following manner: After receiving the login request through the web front-end, the user's credentials are verified. Upon successful verification, a user session is created, a session ID is assigned, and a temporary authentication token is generated. During subsequent user interactions, the web frontend carries this authentication token or session ID in the HTTP request header; Each request for a protected resource is intercepted and verified, checking the validity of the token / session, whether it has expired, and whether the user has the permission to perform the requested operation.

8. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general-purpose software processing platform provides maintenance work order generation services in the following manner: Retrieve relevant airborne data from the data management service and preprocess the retrieved airborne data; The system can utilize its internally integrated intelligent AI engine or expand external AI services to analyze the processed airborne data. Based on the AI's analysis results, a predefined maintenance rule base is invoked to obtain detailed information related to the current problem, solution history, and applicable maintenance standards; Generate detailed maintenance work orders, including: work order ID, problem description, fault location, severity, priority, recommended maintenance process, estimated required resources and time, list of recommended tools, and recommendations for responsible personnel.

9. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general-purpose software processing platform provides wireless upload services in the following manner: The software loading request is submitted by specifying the target airborne device and selecting the target software version or package to be loaded through the web front-end. Verify the user's permissions for this operation and check the connection status of the target airborne equipment; Verify the integrity, validity, and compatibility of the selected software packages; Perform necessary format conversions and repackaging of the selected software packages, and establish a secure transmission channel; The software package is transmitted to the target airborne equipment through the established wireless communication link, and progress monitoring, breakpoint resumption, error detection and retransmission mechanisms are implemented during the transmission process.

10. The universal flight recording system platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The general-purpose software processing platform provides data management services in the following manner: Initiate a data download request through the web frontend, specifying the onboard data to be downloaded; Locate and retrieve eligible airborne data, and transmit the data from airborne equipment or intermediate storage to a ground-based general processing platform via a secure wireless communication link; After the data is received, an integrity check is performed. If the check is successful, the received airborne data is stored in the platform's persistent storage system in a structured or semi-structured manner. Creates multi-level indexes for the stored onboard data and returns the results of data download and storage operations to the requester.

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