Flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoir and construction method of flexible floating limiting device

Abstract

The flexible floating limiting device comprises a floating platform arranged on the water surface of the reservoir of a pumped storage power station in a floating mode, the periphery of the floating platform is connected with shore-based mooring bollards and dam-based mooring bollards through a plurality of mooring ropes respectively, the shore-based mooring bollards are fixedly arranged on the upstream face of a bank slope, and the dam-based mooring bollards are fixedly arranged on the upstream face of the bank slope. The dam foundation mooring pipe is arranged across the dam top, balancing weights are hung on the multiple mooring ropes, the balancing weights are arranged close to the connecting ends of the mooring ropes and the floating platform, and the multiple mooring ropes are configured to be in a weak-tensioning arc state when the floating platform is located at the normal water storage level of a reservoir. According to the invention, a flexible floating limiting device is provided for the floating photovoltaic device of the pumped storage power station reservoir, so that the photovoltaic device can adapt to large water level amplitude variation, and the photovoltaic device is prevented from waving to impact a reservoir bank to cause damage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir floating photovoltaic engineering, and particularly relates to a flexible floating limiting device suitable for a reservoir and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Deploying floating photovoltaic (FPV) in existing reservoirs not only effectively utilizes the surface area of the water body, but also helps to reduce the evaporation loss of the reservoir. For the pumped storage power station reservoirs widely distributed in the northwest region of China, it has important comprehensive utilization value. At present, the global installed capacity of floating photovoltaic has exceeded 5GW (World Bank, data in 2023), but more than 95% of the projects are deployed in water bodies with a water level amplitude of less than 10 meters, such as lakes and irrigation reservoirs. The current commonly used standard anchoring scheme mainly includes the following three kinds: one is the cable-stayed cable anchoring, which is suitable for shallow water (<30 meters) and small water level amplitude (±3 meters); two is the gravity type anchor block, which has certain requirements for the geological conditions of the reservoir bottom, and the tolerable water level amplitude is generally less than 15 meters; three is the pile foundation guide structure, although the structure is stable, the cost is high, and it is mainly suitable for near-shore shallow water areas.

[0003] However, when the water level amplitude exceeds 20 meters, the traditional anchoring system often fails due to geometric deformation beyond the allowable range, which is manifested in problems such as cable relaxation or excessive tension, anchor chain breakage, and uncontrolled displacement of the floating platform. Therefore, the existing floating photovoltaic anchoring technology is difficult to adapt to the water level amplitude of up to 30 to 40 meters commonly found in pumped storage power stations. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the first purpose of the present application is to provide a flexible floating limiting device suitable for a reservoir. The present application provides a flexible floating limiting device for pumped storage power station reservoir floating photovoltaic, which ensures that the photovoltaic device can adapt to large water level amplitude and avoid damage caused by the impact of the photovoltaic device on the reservoir bank.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a flexible floating limiting device suitable for a reservoir, which comprises a floating platform floating on the water surface of a pumped storage power station reservoir, a plurality of cables connecting the floating platform with shore-based guide piles and dam-based guide piles around the floating platform, the shore-based guide piles being fixedly arranged on the water-facing surface of the shore slope, the dam-based guide piles being arranged across the dam top, a plurality of weight blocks being hung on the plurality of cables, and the weight blocks being arranged adjacent to the connection end of the cable and the floating platform, and the plurality of cables being configured to be in an arc-shaped state of weak tension when the floating platform is at the normal water level of the reservoir.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the anchoring end of the cable is fixedly connected with the shore-based guide pile or the dam-based guide pile through a rope locking device.

[0007] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the shore-based fairlead and the dam-based fairlead are provided with through guide holes, and a rope locking device is arranged on the outer side of the guide hole close to the reservoir to close the guide hole, and the cable is sequentially threaded through the rope locking device and the guide hole.

[0008] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the rope locking device comprises an anchor pad arranged on the cable anchoring end, and the cable anchoring end and the anchor pad are fixedly connected with the shore-based fairlead or the dam-based fairlead through anchor sealing concrete.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the floating platform comprises a plurality of sub-platforms, and the sub-platforms are hingedly connected.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the sub-platform is provided with a fork and an ear piece around the periphery, the ear piece cooperates with the fork, and adjacent two sub-platforms are hingedly connected by inserting the ear piece of one into the fork of the other and fixedly penetrating through a pin shaft.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the floating platform comprises a plurality of assembled floating buoys, or comprises a floating body integrally blow-molded from HDPE material.

[0012] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application: the shore-based fairlead is a concrete pier, and an anchor bar is connected between the concrete pier and the bank slope.

[0013] In the second aspect, a second object of the present application is to provide a construction method of the flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs.

[0014] S1, determining the key parameters of the flexible floating limiting device, including the number, length, counterweight and initial pre-tightening force of the cable;

[0015] S2, prefabricating the sub-platform of the floating platform in the factory, transporting the sub-platform to the site for installation after the reservoir basin is formed, including splicing the sub-platform and installing the buoyancy device, the buoyancy device being a floating buoy or a floating body;

[0016] S3, constructing the dam top structure, the shore-based fairlead and the dam-based fairlead at the same time;

[0017] S4, installing the cable and the counterweight, the part where the cable is connected with the floating platform being permanently fixed, and the part where the cable is connected with the fairlead being temporarily fixed, the cable being kept in tension during temporary fixing, and the tensile stress of the cable being the initial pre-tightening force;

[0018] S5, the reservoir is filled with water, and the water level is raised by 1-3 m each time. The floating platform is adjusted by tensioning the cable to maintain the set position during the water level rising process. When the water level reaches the dead water level, accurate positioning is performed, and the initial locking is completed.

[0019] S6, the reservoir continues to be filled with water to the normal storage level. In this process, the floating state of the floating platform and the stress change of the cable are recorded, the rationality of the pre-tightening force is reviewed, and appropriate corrections are made.

[0020] S7, the excess part of the cable is cut off, the anchor concrete is poured, and the anchoring end is locked.

[0021] The beneficial effects provided by the present application are:

[0022] The present application utilizes the force difference of the cable under different sag of the counterweight and the cable self-weight, balances the cable slackening problem caused by the change of the straight-line distance between the floating platform and the reservoir bank under different water levels, so that the cable maintains a relatively stable force within the entire water level amplitude range, and maintains the platform in a relatively stable state under different water levels.

[0023] The present application also utilizes the force difference of the cable under different sag, balances the platform displacement caused by water level fluctuation and external force. During the displacement process, the change of the sag of the cable on both sides causes the sag of the cable away from one side to decrease and the tension to increase, while the sag of the cable in the displacement direction increases and the tension decreases, thereby generating a tension opposite to the displacement direction. This tension will maintain the platform in a relatively fixed position.

[0024] The present application cooperates the floating platform composed of floating buoys or a whole floating body with non-tensioned cables. The platform always maintains controllable freedom on the water surface. The cable plays a flexible guiding role during the water level rising and falling process, so that the floating photovoltaic device will not produce large-scale disordered drift due to water flow, wind or wave action, thereby effectively avoiding impact damage to the bank slope, dam body and other structures.

[0025] The present application solves the stability problem of the fixed pile in the reservoir under high water level amplitude, the anchoring of the fixed pile bottom under the impermeable structure of the whole reservoir basin surface and the local impermeable problem caused by passing through the impermeable structure, and the pile body repair problem by setting the shore base and dam base guide pile instead of the fixed pile in the reservoir. It has the advantages of small investment, convenient maintenance and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Fig. 1 The overall planar schematic view of the flexible floating limiting device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Fig. 2 The high water level state view of the flexible floating limiting device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Fig. 3 The low water level state view of the flexible floating limiting device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Fig. 4 The three-dimensional structural schematic view of the shore-based fairlead is shown in the figure.

[0031] Fig. 5 The three-dimensional structural schematic view of the dam-based fairlead is shown in the figure.

[0032] Fig. 6 The planar schematic view of the sub-platform provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Fig. 7 The local enlarged view of the hinged part of the sub-platform provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Reference signs: 1, sub-platform; 2, shore slope; 3, dam top; 4, shore-based fairlead; 5, dam-based fairlead; 6, floating platform; 7, cable; 8, counterweight; 9, anchor bar; 10, guide hole; 11, anchor bar; 12, anchor pad; 13, clamping piece; 14, pin shaft; 15, anchor sealing concrete; 16, lug; 17, fork-shaped piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in combination with specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the drawings are only used for illustrative description and cannot be understood as the limitation of the present application; in order to better illustrate the embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. The positional relationship described in the drawings is only used for illustrative description and cannot be understood as the limitation of the present application.

[0036] The present application is further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments, but it is not used as the basis for limiting the present application.

[0037] As Figs. 1 to 3As shown, a flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs includes a floating platform 6 floating on the water surface of a pumped storage power station reservoir. Depending on the difference in the excavation and filling structure of the reservoir basin, the floating platform 6 is connected to the shore foundation guide cable piles 4 and the dam foundation guide cable piles 5 by multiple cables 7. The shore foundation guide cable piles 4 are fixedly installed on the water-facing side of the bank slope 2, and the dam foundation guide cable piles 5 are arranged across the dam crest 3. Each of the multiple cables 7 is equipped with a counterweight 8, and the counterweight 8 is located near the connection end of the cable 7 and the floating platform 6. The multiple cables 7 are configured to be in a weakly tensioned arc state when the floating platform 6 is at the normal water level of the reservoir.

[0038] The anchoring end of the cable 7 is fixedly connected to the shore-based guide cable pile 4 or the dam-based guide cable pile 5 via a rope locking device.

[0039] Guide holes 10 are opened on the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 and the dam foundation guide cable pile 5, and a rope locking device is installed on the outer side of the guide hole 10 near the reservoir to close it. The cable 7 passes through the rope locking device and the guide hole 10 in sequence.

[0040] The rope locking device includes an anchor plate 12 set on the anchoring end of the cable 7. The anchoring end of the cable 7 and the anchor plate 12 are fixedly connected to the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 or the dam foundation guide cable pile 5 by sealing concrete 15. A reinforcing bar 11 is connected between the sealing concrete 15 and the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 or the dam foundation guide cable pile 5.

[0041] Specifically, the cable 7 is passed through the guide hole 10, tensioned to the preload setting value using a jack, and then locked. The locking process is as follows: First, an anchor plate 12 is installed at the anchoring end of the cable 7, and a clamping piece 13 is inserted between the anchor plate 12 and the anchoring end of the cable 7; then, concrete is poured at the joint between the anchoring end of the cable 7, the anchor plate 12, and the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 or the dam foundation guide cable pile 5, thereby completing the overall anchoring.

[0042] The floating platform 6 includes several sub-platforms 1, which are hinged together. The floating platform 6 is composed of multiple sub-platforms 1 connected by hinges, which enables the floating platform 6 to have sufficient integrity while also having flexible deformation capability, thereby adapting to water level fluctuations.

[0043] like Fig. 6 As shown, the sub-platform 1 is provided with fork-shaped parts 17 and lugs 16 around its perimeter. The lugs 16 cooperate with the fork-shaped parts 17. Two adjacent sub-platforms 1 are hinged by inserting the lugs 16 of one into the fork-shaped parts 17 of the other and fixing them through the pins 14.

[0044] like Fig. 7As shown, in this embodiment, several sub-platforms 16 are all made of aluminum alloy and are basically square in shape. Each sub-platform 16 has a fork-shaped member 17 on two adjacent sides and lugs 18 that mate with the fork-shaped member 17 on the other two sides. During assembly, the lugs 18 of one sub-platform are inserted into the fork-shaped member 17 of the adjacent sub-platform 16 and fixed by inserting a pin 19, thereby achieving a hinge connection.

[0045] The floating platform 6 is composed of multiple sub-platforms connected by hinges via fork-shaped components 17, lugs 16, and pins 14, providing considerable flexibility and deformation capacity while ensuring overall stability. This structure allows the platform to naturally adapt to water surface fluctuations, tortuous shorelines, and local deformations under different water level conditions, avoiding excessive structural stress and localized damage that may occur with rigid platforms, thus improving the system's durability and adaptability.

[0046] The floating platform 6 includes multiple assembled and connected pontoons, or includes a single blow-molded floating body made of HDPE material.

[0047] Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 The characteristics of the cable guide piles under two different foundation conditions are illustrated. Fig. 4 It is indicated that, for those with a stable rock foundation, the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 can be a small pile, which can be anchored by anchor bars 9 to achieve stability; Fig. 5 It is stated that for dam structures where anchoring or other measures are not feasible, stability is achieved by increasing the size of the piles to enhance their weight.

[0048] The shore-based cable guide pile 4 is a concrete pier, and an anchor bar 9 is connected between the concrete pier and the shore slope 2. The tension of the cable 7 is provided by the anchor bar 9.

[0049] The dam foundation guide cable pile 5 is set as a large-volume concrete pier, and the tension of the cable 7 is provided by the friction force generated by the weight of the pier.

[0050] This invention also provides a construction method for a flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs. The construction of the aforementioned flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Determine the key parameters of the flexible floating limit device, including the number, length, counterweight, and initial preload of the cable 7.

[0052] Design reasonable control standards:

[0053] During the process of reservoir water level change, the stress change of cable 7 is relatively uniform, and the ratio of the maximum / minimum value is controlled within 2 times.

[0054] When the platform is stationary, the safety factor for the force on cable 7 is recommended to be no less than 10.

[0055] When the platform is displaced under the action of external force (wind), it is recommended that the safety factor of the cable 7 be not less than 5.

[0056] S2. Sub-platform 1 of the factory-prefabricated floating platform 6 is transported to the site for installation after the reservoir is formed, including splicing sub-platform 1 and adding a buoyancy device, wherein the buoyancy device is a pontoon or a floating body.

[0057] If the reservoir basin adopts a surface impermeable structure, in order to avoid damage to the impermeable structure during the construction of the floating platform 6, the sub-platform 16, buoyancy devices, etc., will be transported to the bottom of the reservoir after the reservoir basin excavation is completed and before the surface impermeable structure construction is finished. After the impermeable structure construction is completed, the sub-platform 16 will be spliced ​​and the buoyancy device will be installed.

[0058] S3. While constructing the dam crest structure 3, construct the shore foundation guide cable pile 4 and the dam foundation guide cable pile 5.

[0059] S4. Install cable 7 and counterweight 8. The part where cable 7 is connected to floating platform 6 is permanently fixed, and the part where cable 7 is connected to guide bollard is temporarily fixed. When temporarily fixed, each cable 7 needs to be kept taut. The tensile stress of cable 7 is the initial preload.

[0060] S5. When the reservoir is filled with water, the water level is adjusted by tensioning cable 7 every 1-3m rise to keep the floating platform 6 in the set position during the water level rise; when the dead water level is reached, precise positioning is performed and the platform is initially locked.

[0061] The requirement for precise positioning is that the position of the floating platform 6, the preload and length of each cable 7 must be consistent with the set values.

[0062] S6. The reservoir continues to be filled with water to the normal storage level. During this process, record the floating status of the floating platform 6 and the stress changes of the cable 7, verify the rationality of the pretension force, and make appropriate corrections.

[0063] S7. Cut off the excess part of the cable 7, pour the anchor sealing concrete 15, and lock the anchor end.

[0064] Based on the description and accompanying drawings of this invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the flexible floating limit device and its construction method suitable for reservoirs, and can achieve the positive effects described in this invention.

[0065] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this invention are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs, characterized in that: The system includes a floating platform that floats on the surface of a pumped-storage power station reservoir. The floating platform is connected to shore-based guide piles and dam-based guide piles by multiple cables. The shore-based guide piles are fixed on the water-facing side of the shore slope, and the dam-based guide piles are arranged across the top of the dam. Each of the cables is equipped with a counterweight, which is located near the connection point between the cable and the floating platform. The cables are configured to be in a slightly tensioned arc shape when the floating platform is at the normal water level of the reservoir.

2. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring end of the cable is fixedly connected to the shore-based guide cable pile or the dam-based guide cable pile through a rope locking device.

3. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through guide holes are opened on the shore foundation guide cable piles and dam foundation guide cable piles, and a rope locking device is installed on the outer side of the guide hole near the reservoir to seal it. The cable passes through the rope locking device and the guide hole in sequence.

4. The flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rope locking device includes an anchor plate disposed on the anchoring end of the cable, and the anchoring end of the cable and the anchor plate are fixedly connected to the bank foundation guide cable pile or the dam foundation guide cable pile by sealing concrete.

5. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating platform includes several sub-platforms, which are hinged together.

6. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sub-platform is provided with fork-shaped parts and lugs around its perimeter, and the lugs cooperate with the fork-shaped parts; two adjacent sub-platforms are hinged by inserting the lugs of one into the fork-shaped parts of the other and fixing them through with pins.

7. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating platform includes multiple assembled and connected pontoons, or includes a single blow-molded float made of HDPE material.

8. The flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shore-based cable guide piles are constructed of concrete piers, and anchor bars connect the concrete piers to the shore slope.

9. A construction method for a flexible floating limiting device suitable for reservoirs, characterized in that, The construction of the flexible floating limiting device for reservoirs as described in claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Determine the key parameters of the flexible floating limit device. The key parameters include the number of cables, length, counterweight, and initial preload. S2. The sub-platforms of the factory-prefabricated floating platform are transported to the site for installation after the reservoir is formed, including splicing the sub-platforms and adding buoyancy devices, wherein the buoyancy devices are pontoons or floating bodies. S3. While constructing the dam crest structure, construct the shore foundation guide cable piles and dam foundation guide cable piles; S4. Install cables and counterweights. The connection between the cables and the floating platform shall be permanently fixed, and the connection between the cables and the guide bollards shall be temporarily fixed. During temporary fixing, each cable shall be kept taut. The tensile stress of the cables shall be the initial preload. S5. When the reservoir is filled with water, the floating platform is adjusted by tensioning cables every 1-3m as the water level rises to maintain the floating platform in the set position during the water level rise; when the dead water level is reached, precise positioning is performed and the platform is initially locked. S6. The reservoir continues to be filled with water to the normal storage level. During this process, the floating status of the floating platform and the changes in cable stress are recorded. The rationality of the pretension force is reviewed and appropriate adjustments are made. S7. Cut off the excess part of the cable, pour the anchoring concrete, and lock the anchor end.

Images