Mine roadbed three-dimensional seepage drainage monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional drainage monitoring method and system for a mine roadbed, and relates to the technical field of drainage monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring rainfall data; obtaining traffic flow; determining a seepage influence coefficient according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow; an osmotic pressure sensor is arranged on the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network, and pore water pressure is obtained; obtaining a soil body saturated permeability coefficient; determining the seepage velocity according to the pore water pressure, the soil body saturated permeability coefficient and the seepage influence coefficient; obtaining the drainage flow of the mine roadbed; determining a drainage efficiency index according to the drainage flow and the seepage velocity; and according to the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage speed and the drainage efficiency index, determining a seepage drainage early warning grade. According to the invention, the three-dimensional drainage condition of the mine roadbed can be monitored according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow condition, so that the drainage risk degree of the mine roadbed is judged, and the monitoring comprehensiveness and accuracy are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seepage monitoring, and particularly relates to a mine roadbed three-dimensional seepage monitoring method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, although the water flow through the fissure and the seepage parameters are used to monitor the water disaster risk in real time, the influence of rainfall and traffic flow on the mine roadbed seepage is not considered, that is, the three-dimensional seepage condition of the mine roadbed cannot be monitored according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background of the application and should not be considered as acknowledging or implying in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a mine roadbed three-dimensional seepage monitoring method and system, which can solve the technical problem that the related art cannot monitor the three-dimensional seepage condition of the mine roadbed according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a mine roadbed three-dimensional seepage monitoring method is provided, comprising: obtaining rainfall data at multiple time points in a current rainfall monitoring period of a mine roadbed, wherein the rainfall data includes rainfall and evaporation; obtaining traffic flow at multiple time points in the current rainfall monitoring period; determining a seepage influence coefficient according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow; arranging seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset positions of the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network, and obtaining pore water pressure at the multiple preset positions, wherein the preset positions are divided into three layers in the mine roadbed, and the preset positions in each layer are distributed in a rectangular or triangular grid; obtaining a saturated permeability coefficient of the soil of the mine roadbed; determining seepage velocity at the multiple preset positions at multiple time points in the current rainfall monitoring period according to the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil and the seepage influence coefficient; obtaining drainage flow of multiple drainage facilities of the mine roadbed at multiple time points in the current rainfall monitoring period; determining a drainage efficiency index according to the drainage flow and the seepage velocity; and determining a seepage warning level according to the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity and the drainage efficiency index.

[0006] Further, the seepage influence coefficient is determined according to the rainfall data and the traffic flow, comprising: obtaining a drainage volume of the mine roadbed at multiple time points in the current rainfall monitoring period; obtaining a surface area of the mine roadbed; and determining a seepage influence coefficient according to the drainage volume, the surface area, the rainfall data and the traffic flow.

[0007] Further, based on the drainage volume, the surface area, the rainfall data, and the traffic flow, the seepage influence coefficient is determined, including: according to the formula: Determine the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let be the rainfall at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let t be the traffic flow at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the evaporation at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let A be the drainage volume at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and let A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed. , , and The preset weights are t, and t is a positive integer.

[0008] Further, based on the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined, including: establishing a roadbed coordinate system with the preset center position of the mine roadbed base as the origin, the ground surface where the base is located as the xoy plane, and the vertical direction as the z-axis of the coordinate system; obtaining the coordinates of multiple preset locations of the mine roadbed based on the roadbed coordinate system; obtaining the pore water pressure gradient at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the coordinates of the preset locations and the pore water pressure; and determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure gradient, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the pore water pressure gradient, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined, including: according to the formula: Determine the seepage velocity at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let K be the pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and K be the soil saturation permeability coefficient. The density of water, It is the acceleration due to gravity. Let i be the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, where i and t are both positive integers.

[0010] Further, based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity, the drainage efficiency index is determined, including: averaging the seepage velocities at multiple preset locations of the first layer at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle to obtain the average seepage velocity at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle, wherein the preset locations of the first layer are located in the shallow fill layer of the roadbed; and determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity.

[0011] Further, based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity, the drainage efficiency index is determined, including: according to the formula: Determine the drainage efficiency index at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let be the drainage flow rate of the j-th drainage facility at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the average seepage velocity at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, M be the number of drainage facilities, A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed, j ≤ M, and j, t and M are all positive integers.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index, the seepage warning level is determined, including: triggering a Level 1 warning when the seepage influence coefficient at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is greater than a preset seepage influence coefficient; triggering a Level 2 warning when the number of preset locations at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle where the seepage velocity is greater than a preset seepage velocity exceeds half of the total number of preset locations; and triggering a Level 3 warning when the drainage efficiency index at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is less than a preset drainage efficiency index.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a three-dimensional seepage monitoring system for a mine roadbed is provided, comprising: a rainfall data module for acquiring rainfall data at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle of the mine roadbed, wherein the rainfall data includes rainfall and evaporation; a traffic flow module for acquiring traffic flow at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a seepage influence coefficient module for determining a seepage influence coefficient based on the rainfall data and the traffic flow; and a pore water pressure module for deploying seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset locations on the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network and acquiring pore water pressure at multiple preset locations, wherein the preset locations are divided into three layers within the mine roadbed, and each layer of the preset locations... The network is distributed according to a rectangular or triangular grid. The module includes a soil saturated permeability coefficient module for obtaining the soil saturated permeability coefficient of the mine roadbed; a seepage velocity module for determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient; a drainage flow rate module for obtaining the drainage flow rate of multiple drainage facilities of the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a drainage efficiency index module for determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity; and a seepage warning level module for determining the seepage warning level based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index.

[0014] Technical Effects: According to this invention, rainfall data allows for more accurate analysis of the dynamic changes in roadbed moisture during rainfall. The seepage influence coefficient comprehensively considers the impact on roadbed seepage during actual processes. A three-dimensional monitoring network provides a comprehensive and multi-layered understanding of the pore water pressure distribution at different locations and depths within the roadbed. Seepage velocity reveals the flow of water within the roadbed, enabling timely detection of areas with abnormal seepage. Drainage efficiency indicators comprehensively reflect the drainage facilities' ability to remove accumulated water from within the roadbed, thus determining whether adjustments to the drainage facilities' operating parameters are necessary. Based on rainfall data and traffic flow, the three-dimensional seepage status of mining roadbeds can be monitored, seepage warning levels can be determined, and the degree of seepage risk in mining roadbeds can be assessed, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring. When determining the seepage influence coefficient, it can be calculated using drainage volume, surface area, rainfall data, and traffic flow. This coefficient quantifies the combined impact of rainfall, traffic flow, evaporation, and drainage capacity on roadbed seepage. By analyzing the promoting and inhibiting effects of multiple factors on seepage, it more realistically simulates the seepage situation in mining roadbeds, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the seepage influence coefficient. When determining the seepage velocity, the coupled effects of dynamic rainfall and traffic flow can be introduced to calculate the seepage velocity at different locations and times, thus assessing roadbed safety, identifying potential safety hazards in a timely manner, and implementing corresponding reinforcement and protection measures. When determining the drainage efficiency index, it can be determined by the infiltration flow of rainfall within the roadbed and the actual drainage effect of the drainage facilities. This index reflects the drainage facilities' ability to control roadbed seepage under current rainfall conditions, assessing whether the drainage facilities can withstand sudden rainfall, thereby improving the stability and safety of mining roadbeds.

[0015] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Other features and aspects of the invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a three-dimensional seepage monitoring method for mine roadbeds according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example;

[0018] Figure 2An exemplary flowchart for calculating the seepage influence coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A flowchart for calculating the seepage velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example;

[0020] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the calculation of drainage efficiency indicators according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example;

[0021] Figure 5 An exemplary flowchart for determining the seepage early warning level according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 6 A block diagram of a three-dimensional seepage monitoring system for mine roadbeds according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1An exemplary flowchart of a three-dimensional seepage monitoring method for mine roadbeds according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method includes: step S1, acquiring rainfall data at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle of the mine roadbed, wherein the rainfall data includes rainfall amount and evaporation amount; step S2, acquiring traffic flow at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; step S3, determining a seepage influence coefficient based on the rainfall data and the traffic flow; step S4, deploying seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset locations on the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network, acquiring pore water pressure at multiple preset locations, wherein the preset locations are divided into three... The system consists of several steps: Step S5, obtaining the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil in the mine roadbed; Step S6, determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient; Step S7, obtaining the drainage flow rate of multiple drainage facilities in the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; Step S8, determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity; and Step S9, determining the seepage warning level based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index.

[0026] The three-dimensional seepage monitoring method for mine roadbeds according to embodiments of the present invention can more accurately analyze the dynamic changes in roadbed moisture during rainfall by using rainfall data. The seepage influence coefficient can comprehensively consider the impact on seepage in the actual process. The three-dimensional monitoring network can comprehensively and multi-dimensionally grasp the pore water pressure distribution at different locations and depths within the roadbed. The seepage velocity can reveal the flow of water within the roadbed, allowing for the timely detection of areas with abnormal seepage. The drainage efficiency index comprehensively reflects the drainage facilities' ability to remove accumulated water within the roadbed, thereby determining whether adjustments to the drainage facilities' operating parameters are necessary. Based on rainfall data and traffic flow, the three-dimensional seepage status of the mine roadbed can be monitored, and the seepage warning level can be determined, thereby assessing the degree of seepage risk in the mine roadbed and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, a rainfall monitoring cycle is determined based on the rainfall weather in the area where the mine roadbed is located. Each rainfall monitoring cycle can be set to 12 hours, 24 hours, etc., and the interval between adjacent times can be set to 1 hour, 2 hours, etc., and the present invention does not limit this. Rainfall is measured by a rain gauge, and evaporation is measured by a small evaporator.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, a traffic flow monitoring device (video vehicle detector) is installed at a suitable location on the mine roadbed to collect traffic flow data, such as the main entrance and exit of the mine, the main ore transportation road, and intersections.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the seepage influence coefficient is determined based on the rainfall data and the traffic flow.

[0030] Figure 2 A flowchart for calculating the seepage influence coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: step S31, obtaining the drainage volume of the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; step S32, obtaining the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed; and step S33, determining the seepage influence coefficient based on the drainage volume, the surface area, the rainfall data, and the traffic flow.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, drainage monitoring points are reasonably set at drainage facilities of the roadbed, such as drainage ditches, culverts, and slope drainage outlets. Flow meters are installed at the drainage monitoring points, and the drainage volume is calculated by integration or summation based on the recorded flow data and time intervals. For example, if drainage flow data is recorded once per hour in cubic meters per hour, the drainage volume for that hour is equal to the drainage flow value at that moment multiplied by one hour. The surface area of ​​the mine roadbed is obtained according to the construction drawings of the mine roadbed. Rainfall is the main factor causing seepage in the roadbed. The amount of rainfall directly affects the amount of water seeping into the roadbed, while evaporation reflects the loss of water. Traffic flow reflects the disturbance of the roadbed by vehicle vibration; that is, traffic flow generates dynamic loads on the roadbed, affecting the structure and porosity characteristics of the roadbed soil, and thus affecting the seepage situation. The drainage volume reflects the drainage capacity of the roadbed drainage system and is closely related to the seepage situation.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the seepage influence coefficient based on the drainage volume, the surface area, the rainfall data, and the traffic flow includes: determining the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle according to formula (1). ,

[0034] (1),

[0035] in, Let be the rainfall at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let t be the traffic flow at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the evaporation at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let A be the drainage volume at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and let A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed. , , and The preset weights are t, and t is a positive integer.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (1), the molecular part This is the sum of the rainfall amount at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle and the traffic flow at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. It indicates that the greater the rainfall and traffic flow, the greater the seepage impact coefficient. For example, increased rainfall leads to increased seepage, while increased traffic flow increases vibration disturbance; both together increase the seepage risk. That is, rainwater is more likely to seep into the deeper layers of the roadbed under the influence of vehicle vibration. , . Let be the ratio of the drainage volume at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle to the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed, representing the drainage capacity per unit area. The numerator is... Let be the sum of the evaporation rate and the drainage capacity per unit area at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. This indicates that the greater the evaporation rate and the greater the drainage capacity per unit area, the smaller the seepage influence coefficient. For example, evaporation reduces moisture, resulting in stronger drainage capacity and making it more difficult for rainwater to accumulate inside the roadbed. Both factors jointly inhibit seepage. , . use and The ratio between these two values ​​yields the seepage influence coefficient. The larger the seepage influence coefficient, the stronger the promoting effect of rainfall and traffic flow on seepage, and the greater the seepage risk. The smaller the seepage influence coefficient, the smaller the impact of environmental factors on seepage, and the better the roadbed stability.

[0037] In this way, the seepage influence coefficient can be determined by using drainage volume, surface area, rainfall data, and traffic flow. The seepage influence coefficient quantifies the comprehensive impact of rainfall, traffic flow, evaporation, and drainage capacity on roadbed seepage. By analyzing the promoting and inhibiting effects of multiple factors on seepage, the seepage situation of mine roadbeds can be simulated more realistically, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the seepage influence coefficient.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, three layers of preset positions are planned and arranged inside the mine roadbed. The vertical spacing between the three layers can be 1m. The first layer of preset positions can be arranged in the shallow fill layer of the roadbed, for example, 10cm below the roadbed surface, to monitor changes in shallow pore water pressure caused by rainfall infiltration and surface runoff infiltration. The second layer of preset positions is arranged below the first layer of preset positions, with a vertical spacing of 1m from the first layer of preset positions, to monitor the transitional changes in the seepage field. The third layer of preset positions is arranged below the second layer of preset positions, with a vertical spacing of 1m from the second layer of preset positions, to monitor seepage changes in deeper layers and reduce the possibility of piping damage. Each layer of preset positions is arranged in a rectangular or triangular grid, with an interval of 1m, 2m, etc. between adjacent preset positions in each layer, so that the seepage pressure sensor fully covers the monitoring area, thereby forming a three-dimensional monitoring network that can accurately reflect the distribution of the seepage field inside the mine roadbed and obtain the pore water pressure at multiple preset positions.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil can be obtained by conducting a permeability test on the soil of the mine roadbed.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined based on the pore water pressure, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient.

[0041] Figure 3 A flowchart for calculating the seepage velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S6 includes: step S61, establishing a roadbed coordinate system with the preset center position of the base of the mine roadbed as the origin, the ground where the base is located as the xoy plane, and the vertical direction as the z-axis of the coordinate system; step S62, obtaining the coordinates of multiple preset positions of the mine roadbed according to the roadbed coordinate system; step S63, obtaining the pore water pressure gradient of multiple preset positions at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle according to the coordinates of the preset positions and the pore water pressure; step S64, determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset positions at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle according to the pore water pressure gradient, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a preset center position is set at the center of the base of the mine roadbed (i.e., the plane where the bottom of the roadbed contacts the foundation). This preset center position is used as the origin of the roadbed coordinate system, with the ground surface where the base is located as the xoy plane and the vertical direction as the z-axis of the coordinate system. Using a total station, with the established roadbed coordinate system as the reference, the coordinate values ​​of each preset position in the x, y, and z directions can be obtained, i.e., the coordinates of the preset position. The pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset position at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle is... ,in, Let be the pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the coordinates of the i-th preset location. Based on the pore water pressure gradient, soil saturated permeability coefficient, and seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined. This allows us to understand the seepage situation at different locations in the mine subgrade at different times, providing an important basis for analyzing the stability and safety of the subgrade.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure gradient, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient includes: determining the seepage velocity at the i-th preset location at the t-th time during the current rainfall monitoring cycle according to formula (2). ,

[0045] (2),

[0046] in, Let K be the pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and K be the soil saturation permeability coefficient. The density of water, It is the acceleration due to gravity. Let i be the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, where i and t are both positive integers.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (2), Let be the modulus of the pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, representing the degree of drastic change in pore water pressure. The larger the pore water pressure gradient, the stronger the driving force of water flow and the greater the seepage velocity. For the specific gravity of water, The ratio of the modulus of the pore water pressure gradient to the unit weight of water represents the modulus of the hydraulic gradient. In other words, the stronger the driving force of the pore water pressure gradient relative to gravity and the mass characteristics of water, the faster the water flows through the pores of the soil. K is the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, representing the ability of the soil to allow water to pass through in a saturated state. The larger the saturated permeability coefficient, the greater the seepage velocity. Let K be the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. A larger seepage influence coefficient indicates a greater impact of heavy rain and high traffic volume on seepage, and a higher seepage velocity. In other words, by dynamically coupling environmental factors (rainfall and traffic flow), it more closely reflects actual engineering needs. and Multiplying the three terms together gives the seepage velocity. The higher the seepage velocity, the easier it is for fine particles in the soil to be carried away by the water flow, increasing the risk of roadbed settlement, landslides and other disasters.

[0048] In this way, by introducing the coupled effects of dynamic rainfall and traffic flow, the seepage velocity at different locations at different times can be calculated, thereby assessing the safety of the roadbed, promptly identifying potential safety hazards, and taking corresponding reinforcement and protection measures.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, a flow meter can be used to measure the drainage flow of multiple drainage facilities at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S8, a drainage efficiency index is determined based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity.

[0051] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the calculation of drainage efficiency indicators according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S8 includes: step S81, averaging the seepage velocities at multiple preset locations of the first layer at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle to obtain the average seepage velocity at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle, wherein the preset locations of the first layer are located in the shallow fill layer of the roadbed; step S82, determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first layer of the shallow fill layer of the roadbed is located at a predetermined position and is evenly distributed in different areas of the shallow fill layer of the roadbed. This can comprehensively reflect the seepage status of the layer. Since the first layer is located close to the roadbed surface, it can more directly reflect the changes in seepage velocity caused by rainfall infiltration, surface runoff infiltration, etc. The average seepage velocity at the t-th moment of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is obtained, and combined with the drainage flow rate, the drainage efficiency index is determined to measure the effectiveness of the drainage facilities in removing seepage inside the roadbed.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining a drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity includes: determining the drainage efficiency index at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle according to formula (3). ,

[0055] (3),

[0056] in, Let be the drainage flow rate of the j-th drainage facility at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the average seepage velocity at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, M be the number of drainage facilities, A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed, j ≤ M, and j, t and M are all positive integers.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (3), This represents the total amount of infiltration through the surface area of ​​rainfall. The total drainage flow can be obtained by summing the drainage flow of multiple drainage facilities at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. The ratio of total drainage flow to total seepage through the surface area of ​​rainfall is used to represent the drainage efficiency index. The higher the drainage efficiency index, the better the drainage facilities can remove seepage inside the roadbed during rainfall.

[0058] In this way, the drainage efficiency index can be determined by the infiltration flow of rainfall inside the roadbed and the actual drainage effect of the drainage facilities. This can reflect the ability of the drainage facilities to control the seepage of the roadbed under the current rainfall conditions, and determine whether the drainage facilities can withstand sudden rainfall, thereby improving the stability and safety of the mine roadbed.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S9, the seepage warning level is determined based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index, thereby judging the degree of seepage risk of the mine roadbed and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0060] Figure 5 A flowchart for determining the seepage warning level according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S9 includes: step S91, when the seepage influence coefficient at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is greater than the preset seepage influence coefficient, a first-level warning is triggered; step S92, when the number of preset locations where the seepage velocity is greater than the preset seepage velocity at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle exceeds half of the total number of preset locations, a second-level warning is triggered; step S93, when the drainage efficiency index at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is less than the preset drainage efficiency index, a third-level warning is triggered.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the seepage influence coefficient at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is greater than a preset seepage influence coefficient (e.g., 10), indicating heavy rain combined with high traffic volume, a Level 1 warning is triggered, and emergency drainage is initiated. When the number of preset locations at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle where the seepage velocity is greater than a preset seepage velocity (e.g., 0.1 m / s) exceeds half of the total number of preset locations, a Level 2 warning is triggered, and slope seepage prevention measures are adjusted. When the drainage efficiency index at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is less than a preset drainage efficiency index (e.g., 0.8), a Level 3 warning is triggered, and the operating parameters of the drainage facilities are adjusted.

[0063] The three-dimensional seepage monitoring method for mine roadbeds according to embodiments of the present invention can more accurately analyze the dynamic changes in roadbed moisture during rainfall by using rainfall data. The seepage influence coefficient can comprehensively consider the impact on seepage in the actual process. The three-dimensional monitoring network can comprehensively and multi-dimensionally grasp the pore water pressure distribution at different locations and depths within the roadbed. The seepage velocity can reveal the flow of water within the roadbed, allowing for the timely detection of areas with abnormal seepage. The drainage efficiency index comprehensively reflects the drainage facilities' ability to remove accumulated water within the roadbed, thereby determining whether adjustments to the drainage facilities' operating parameters are necessary. Based on rainfall data and traffic flow, the three-dimensional seepage status of the mine roadbed can be monitored, and the seepage warning level can be determined, thereby assessing the degree of seepage risk in the mine roadbed and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring. When determining the seepage influence coefficient, it can be calculated using drainage volume, surface area, rainfall data, and traffic flow. This coefficient quantifies the combined impact of rainfall, traffic flow, evaporation, and drainage capacity on roadbed seepage. By analyzing the promoting and inhibiting effects of multiple factors on seepage, it more realistically simulates the seepage situation in mining roadbeds, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the seepage influence coefficient. When determining the seepage velocity, the coupled effects of dynamic rainfall and traffic flow can be introduced to calculate the seepage velocity at different locations and times, thus assessing roadbed safety, identifying potential safety hazards in a timely manner, and implementing corresponding reinforcement and protection measures. When determining the drainage efficiency index, it can be determined by the infiltration flow of rainfall within the roadbed and the actual drainage effect of the drainage facilities. This index reflects the drainage facilities' ability to control roadbed seepage under current rainfall conditions, assessing whether the drainage facilities can withstand sudden rainfall, thereby improving the stability and safety of mining roadbeds.

[0064] Figure 6An exemplary block diagram of a three-dimensional seepage monitoring system for a mine roadbed according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The system includes: a rainfall data module for acquiring rainfall data at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle of the mine roadbed, wherein the rainfall data includes rainfall and evaporation; a traffic flow module for acquiring traffic flow at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a seepage influence coefficient module for determining a seepage influence coefficient based on the rainfall data and the traffic flow; and a pore water pressure module for deploying seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset locations on the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network and acquiring the pore water pressure at multiple preset locations, wherein the preset locations are divided into three layers inside the mine roadbed, and each layer of the preset... The system includes the following modules: a soil saturation permeability coefficient module for obtaining the soil saturation permeability coefficient of the mine roadbed; a seepage velocity module for determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure, the soil saturation permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient; a drainage flow rate module for obtaining the drainage flow rate of multiple drainage facilities of the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a drainage efficiency index module for determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity; and a seepage warning level module for determining the seepage warning level based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index.

[0065] This invention can be a method, apparatus, system, and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for performing various aspects of the invention.

[0066] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and any variations or modifications may be made to the implementation of the present invention without departing from the stated principles.

Claims

1. A method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds, characterized in that, include: Rainfall data, including rainfall amount and evaporation, is acquired at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle of the mine roadbed. Traffic flow is also acquired at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Based on the rainfall data and traffic flow, a seepage influence coefficient is determined. A three-dimensional monitoring network is formed by deploying seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset locations on the mine roadbed to acquire pore water pressure at these locations. These preset locations are divided into three layers within the mine roadbed, with each layer arranged in a rectangular or triangular grid. The saturated permeability coefficient of the mine roadbed soil is acquired. Based on the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined. The drainage flow rate of multiple drainage facilities on the mine roadbed is acquired at multiple moments during the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity, a drainage efficiency index is determined. Finally, based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index, a seepage warning level is determined.

2. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seepage influence coefficient is determined based on the rainfall data and the traffic flow, including: obtaining the drainage volume of the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; obtaining the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed; and determining the seepage influence coefficient based on the drainage volume, the surface area, the rainfall data, and the traffic flow.

3. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seepage influence coefficient is determined based on the drainage volume, surface area, rainfall data, and traffic flow, including: according to the formula: Determine the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let be the rainfall at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let t be the traffic flow at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the evaporation at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let A be the drainage volume at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and let A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed. , , and The preset weights are t, and t is a positive integer.

4. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined, including: establishing a roadbed coordinate system with the preset center position of the mine roadbed base as the origin, the ground surface where the base is located as the xoy plane, and the vertical direction as the z-axis; obtaining the coordinates of multiple preset locations of the mine roadbed based on the roadbed coordinate system; obtaining the pore water pressure gradient at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the coordinates of the preset locations and the pore water pressure; and determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure gradient, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient.

5. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the pore water pressure gradient, the soil saturated permeability coefficient, and the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle is determined, including: according to the formula: Determine the seepage velocity at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let K be the pore water pressure gradient at the i-th preset location at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, and K be the soil saturation permeability coefficient. The density of water, It is the acceleration due to gravity. Let i be the seepage influence coefficient at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, where i and t are both positive integers.

6. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining a drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity includes: averaging the seepage velocities at multiple preset locations in the first layer at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle to obtain the average seepage velocity at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle, wherein the preset locations in the first layer are located in the shallow fill layer of the roadbed; and determining a drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity.

7. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drainage efficiency index is determined based on the drainage flow rate and the average seepage velocity, including: according to the formula: Determine the drainage efficiency index at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. ,in, Let be the drainage flow rate of the j-th drainage facility at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle. Let be the average seepage velocity at time t in the current rainfall monitoring cycle, M be the number of drainage facilities, A be the surface area of ​​the mine roadbed, j ≤ M, and j, t and M are all positive integers.

8. The method for three-dimensional seepage monitoring of mine roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index, the seepage warning level is determined, including: triggering a Level 1 warning when the seepage influence coefficient at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is greater than a preset seepage influence coefficient; triggering a Level 2 warning when the number of preset locations at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle where the seepage velocity is greater than a preset seepage velocity exceeds half of the total number of preset locations; and triggering a Level 3 warning when the drainage efficiency index at time t of the current rainfall monitoring cycle is less than a preset drainage efficiency index.

9. A three-dimensional seepage monitoring system for mine roadbeds, used to execute the three-dimensional seepage monitoring method for mine roadbeds as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The project includes a rainfall data module for acquiring rainfall data at multiple points during the current rainfall monitoring cycle of the mine roadbed, including rainfall amount and evaporation; a traffic flow module for acquiring traffic flow at multiple points during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a seepage influence coefficient module for determining the seepage influence coefficient based on the rainfall data and traffic flow; and a pore water pressure module for deploying seepage pressure sensors at multiple preset locations on the mine roadbed to form a three-dimensional monitoring network and acquiring the pore water pressure at these preset locations. These preset locations are divided into three layers within the mine roadbed, with each layer of preset locations distributed according to a rectangular or triangular grid. The soil saturation... The system includes a permeability coefficient module for obtaining the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil in the mine roadbed; a seepage velocity module for determining the seepage velocity at multiple preset locations at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle based on the pore water pressure, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil, and the seepage influence coefficient; a drainage flow rate module for obtaining the drainage flow rate of multiple drainage facilities in the mine roadbed at multiple times during the current rainfall monitoring cycle; a drainage efficiency index module for determining the drainage efficiency index based on the drainage flow rate and the seepage velocity; and a seepage warning level module for determining the seepage warning level based on the seepage influence coefficient, the seepage velocity, and the drainage efficiency index.

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