Urban ecological space layout optimization method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an urban ecological space layout optimization method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a multi-source spatial data set of a target urban region, evaluating different types of ecological functions in parallel, and generating a group of distribution diagrams representing different ecological functions; based on the generated group of distribution diagrams and basic geographic data, carrying out ecological space structure diagnosis, identifying an ecological source land, an ecological resistance surface, an ecological corridor and an ecological vulnerable node, and generating an ecological space diagnosis diagram set; the ecological fragile nodes comprise ecological pinch points and obstacle points; generating an ecological network strengthening graph based on the ecological space diagnosis graph set and urban space planning data; and generating a blue-green space optimization graph based on the generated group of distribution graphs and the ecological network enhancement graph, thereby realizing benefit optimization of comprehensive ecology and urban ecological space layout in a limited urban space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon sequestration and emission reduction technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies have developed a multi-layered technical system for studying the carbon sequestration and emission reduction efficiency of ecosystems. At the macro-observation level, global research networks (such as INTERFACE) have accumulated empirical data on ecosystem responses to climate change through hundreds of field control experiments; the application of remote sensing technology has made it possible to monitor the spatial patterns of carbon sinks on a large scale, achieving a breakthrough from fixed-point observation to quantitative spatial analysis. At the model simulation level, various dynamic vegetation process models and assessment tools have been developed (such as the Citygreen model, the i-Tree model method, the National Tree Benefit Calculator, and ThePathfinder system), which can simulate and predict the carbon sink function of ecosystems.

[0003] However, most current technologies for assessing the effectiveness of ecosystem carbon sequestration and emission reduction still focus on quantitative simulation or isolated evaluation of the function itself, failing to achieve systematic and in-depth integration with the planning and layout of urban ecological spaces, resulting in a disconnect between ecological benefit assessment and spatial planning decisions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space, which synergistically optimizes multiple ecological objectives such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, and wind protection, and achieves comprehensive ecological and urban ecological space layout benefit optimization within a limited urban space.

[0005] This application provides a method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space, the method comprising: Obtain a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, which includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data, and urban spatial planning data; Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are assessed in parallel, generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. These distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, an ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, generating an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas. The ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points. The ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance. The ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. Based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, spatial conflict analysis is conducted between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization is performed with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, a blue-green space optimization map is generated; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

[0006] In some embodiments, the urban ecological spatial layout optimization method, wherein the step of evaluating different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions, includes: For each ecological function, based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, the target urban area is divided into multiple unified geographic grid units; Based on the ecological environment monitoring data, determine one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to the ecological function and each geographic grid unit; The ecological function is used to process one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to each geographic grid unit through the assessment model, and the total ecological environment index of each geographic grid unit is calculated. The total ecological environment indicators of all calculated grid cells are statistically classified, and each geographic grid cell is assigned a color label corresponding to its level to generate a spatially continuous distribution map of this ecological function. The ecological functions include: carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation.

[0007] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization method, the carbon sink assessment model corresponding to the carbon sink function is: the total ecological environment index is the total carbon storage. Total carbon storage equals the sum of carbon storage in the aboveground parts of vegetation, carbon storage in the underground parts of vegetation, carbon output from the soil layer, and carbon storage in the litter layer. In the water conservation assessment model corresponding to the water conservation function, the total ecological environment index is the total water conservation volume. ; ; in, Total water conservation capacity For rainfall, Surface runoff, For evaporation, Let be the area of ​​type i ecosystem, where i is the type i ecosystem in the target urban area, and j is the number of ecosystem types in the target urban area; In the sand fixation assessment model corresponding to the windbreak and sand fixation function: the total ecological environment index is the amount of sand fixation; the amount of sand fixation is the difference between the potential wind erosion and the actual wind erosion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the urban ecological space layout optimization method, the step of performing ecological space structure diagnosis based on a generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identifying ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generating an ecological space diagnosis atlas, includes: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, the ecological source areas of the target urban area are determined; Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, an ecological resistance surface is identified that characterizes the cost that ecological flows need to overcome to move in the landscape. Using the minimum cost path algorithm, the potential ecological flow channels with the minimum ecological resistance connecting the various ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface are calculated and extracted as ecological corridors. Based on the defined ecological corridor, the ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and the obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked are identified through circuit theory model.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method for optimizing urban ecological spatial layout, wherein determining the ecological resistance surface characterizing the cost that ecological flows need to overcome to move in the landscape based on the basic geographic data includes: Multiple ecological resistance evaluation factor layers for the target urban area are acquired and preprocessed. These ecological resistance evaluation factors include land type factors, distance from built-up areas factors, distance from water bodies factors, and elevation factors. For each ecological resistance evaluation factor, different categories or numerical ranges are assigned corresponding resistance values ​​and weights. All ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are unified to the same spatial coordinate system and raster resolution. The unified ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are then weighted and summed, and the summation result is normalized to generate the ecological resistance surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the urban ecological space layout optimization method, wherein calculating and extracting the potential ecological flow channels with the least ecological resistance connecting the ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface as ecological corridors using a minimum cost path algorithm, includes: The ecological resistance surface is used as a cost grid, and the ecological source area is used as the source point; Perform minimum cumulative resistance calculations to generate minimum cumulative cost distance surfaces from each source point to every point in the landscape; each pair of ecological source sites corresponds to two cumulative cost distance surfaces. The path with the largest rate of change of cumulative cost difference between two cumulative cost distance surfaces corresponding to the ecological source sites is the minimum cost path connecting the pair of ecological source sites. The minimum cost path is determined to be the ecological corridor.

[0011] In some embodiments, the urban ecological space layout optimization method, based on the determined ecological corridors, identifies ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked on the ecological corridors using a circuit theory model, including: The ecological corridor is mapped as a circuit, the ecological resistance surface is mapped as the resistance distribution in the circuit, and the ecological source area is mapped as a circuit node; The flow of current between all circuit node pairs is simulated in the circuit, and the cumulative current density of each grid cell is calculated. Regions with cumulative current density higher than a first preset current density threshold are identified as ecological pinch points, and regions with cumulative current density lower than a second preset current density threshold and located on critical connectivity paths are identified as ecological obstacle points.

[0012] In some embodiments, the urban ecological space layout optimization method, the step of performing spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization aimed at ensuring key ecological connectivity, based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, to generate an ecological network reinforcement map, includes: Spatial relationship calculations are performed between the ecological corridor map and the ecologically vulnerable node map in the ecological space diagnostic map set and the planned roads, planned water systems, and planned ecological corridors in the urban spatial planning data to determine conflict information and / or collaborative information. Based on the conflict information and / or collaboration information, the urban spatial planning data is adjusted with the goal of ensuring the connectivity of key ecological flows, and an ecological network enhancement map is generated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method for optimizing the urban ecological spatial layout, wherein generating a blue-green space optimization map based on a set of generated distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map includes: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, the design information of the water system is determined to determine the blue space layout information; Determine the design information for green spaces to determine the layout information for green spaces; Based on the blue and green space layout information, the raster cells in the target city area are rendered to generate a blue-green space optimization map.

[0014] In some embodiments, an urban ecological space layout optimization device is also provided, the device comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, which includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data and urban spatial planning data. The first generation module is used to evaluate different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generate a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. The distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. The second generation module is used to perform ecological spatial structure diagnosis based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generate an ecological spatial diagnosis map set; the ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. The third generation module is used to perform spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and to optimize the ecological network with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, and to generate an ecological network reinforcement map. The fourth generation module is used to generate a blue-green space optimization map based on a set of generated distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

[0015] This application provides a method and apparatus for optimizing urban ecological spatial layout. The method involves acquiring a multi-source spatial dataset of a target urban area, including basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data, and urban spatial planning data. Based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are evaluated in parallel, generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. These distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, an ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, generating an ecological spatial diagnosis map. The ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels connecting various ecological sources with minimal ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors; based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, spatial conflict analysis is conducted between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization is performed with the goal of ensuring key ecological flow connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map; based on the generated distribution map and the ecological network reinforcement map, a blue-green space optimization map is generated; the quantitative assessment results of multi-dimensional ecological functions such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation are transformed into ecological network reinforcement maps and blue-green space optimization maps to guide specific spatial layout and morphological design, so that the planning process simultaneously considers and coordinates the optimization of multiple objectives such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak, maximizing comprehensive ecological benefits within limited urban space, avoiding functional imbalances that may be caused by a single objective orientation, and improving the efficiency, objectivity, and feasibility of planning work. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of the urban ecological space layout optimization method described in the embodiments of this application is shown; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the method for generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions, as described in an embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 3 An example of a spatial distribution map of urban carbon sinks in the target urban area described in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 4 An example spatial distribution map of the water conservation value assessment of the target urban area described in the embodiments of this application is shown; Figure 5 An example of a spatial distribution map of the windbreak and sand-fixation function evaluation of the target urban area described in the application embodiment is shown; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the method for generating an ecological space diagnostic atlas according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the ecological resistance surface of the target urban area described in the embodiments of this application is shown; Figure 8 This paper illustrates a schematic diagram of the ecological pinch points and obstacle points in the target urban area described in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A flowchart of the method for generating an enhanced ecological network graph according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 10 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the planned river surface and regional traffic layout of the target urban area described in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 An ecological network enhancement map of the target urban area described in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 12 This application illustrates a blue-green space optimization pattern diagram for the target urban area described in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 The diagram shows the structure of the urban ecological space layout optimization device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0020] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0022] Existing technologies have developed a multi-layered technical system for studying the carbon sequestration and emission reduction efficiency of ecosystems. At the macro-observation level, global research networks (such as INTERFACE) have accumulated empirical data on ecosystem responses to climate change through hundreds of field control experiments; the application of remote sensing technology has made it possible to monitor the spatial patterns of carbon sinks on a large scale, achieving a breakthrough from fixed-point observation to quantitative spatial analysis. At the model simulation level, various dynamic vegetation process models and assessment tools have been developed (such as the Citygreen model, the i-Tree model method, the National Tree Benefit Calculator, and ThePathfinder system), which can simulate and predict the carbon sink function of ecosystems.

[0023] However, most current technologies for assessing the effectiveness of ecosystem carbon sequestration and emission reduction still focus on quantitative simulation or isolated evaluation of the function itself, failing to achieve systematic and in-depth integration with the planning and layout of urban ecological spaces, resulting in a disconnect between ecological benefit assessment and spatial planning decisions.

[0024] Based on this, this application provides a method and apparatus for optimizing urban ecological spatial layout. The method involves acquiring a multi-source spatial dataset of a target urban area, including basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data, and urban spatial planning data. Based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are evaluated in parallel, generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. These distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, an ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, generating an ecological spatial diagnosis... The ecological space diagnostic atlas includes ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridor is a potential ecological flow channel connecting various ecological sources with minimal ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable node is a node on the ecological corridor; based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, spatial conflict analysis is conducted between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization is performed with the goal of ensuring key ecological flow connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map; based on the generated distribution map and the ecological network reinforcement map, a blue-green space optimization map is generated, transforming the quantitative assessment results of multi-dimensional ecological functions such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation into ecological network reinforcement maps and blue-green space optimization maps to guide specific spatial layout and morphological design, so that the planning process simultaneously considers and coordinates the optimization of multiple objectives such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak, maximizing comprehensive ecological benefits within limited urban space, avoiding functional imbalances that may be caused by a single objective orientation, and improving the efficiency, objectivity, and feasibility of planning work.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of the urban ecological space layout optimization method described in an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101-S105: S101. Obtain a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, wherein the multi-source spatial dataset includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data and urban spatial planning data; S102. Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are evaluated in parallel to generate a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions; the distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map; each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location; each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location; each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. S103. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, perform ecological spatial structure diagnosis, identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generate an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas; the ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. S104. Based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, perform spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and optimize the ecological network with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, and generate an ecological network reinforcement map. S105. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, a blue-green space optimization map is generated; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

[0026] In step S101, a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area is obtained, which includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data, and urban spatial planning data.

[0027] Basic geographic data includes at least: digital elevation model (DEM) data, land use and land cover status data, soil type distribution data, and basic vector data such as water systems, roads, and administrative divisions.

[0028] Ecological and environmental monitoring data are dynamic data that reflect the state and processes of an ecosystem, obtained through observation methods. They include at least: remote sensing image data (such as multispectral and hyperspectral images), meteorological data (such as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, and evapotranspiration), and field monitoring or inversion data used for special assessments such as carbon sequestration and biodiversity.

[0029] Urban spatial planning data refers to the control and layout data that guides urban spatial development, and includes at least the vector layers of planned roads, planned corridors, and planned water systems in the overall national land space plan.

[0030] In step S102, based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are evaluated in parallel to generate a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. The distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location.

[0031] Specifically, each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the geographical location corresponding to the grid cell; each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the geographical location corresponding to the grid cell; and each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the geographical location corresponding to the grid cell.

[0032] Here, the ecological functions include: carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 The process of evaluating different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the aforementioned basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions, includes the following steps S201-S204: S201. For each ecological function, based on the basic geographic data, the target urban area is divided into multiple unified geographic grid units. S202. Based on the ecological environment monitoring data, determine one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to the ecological function and each geographic grid unit; S203. Process one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to each geographic grid unit through the assessment model corresponding to the ecological function, and calculate the total ecological environment index of each geographic grid unit. S204. Statistically classify the total ecological environment indicators of all calculated grid cells, and assign a color label corresponding to its level to each geographic grid cell to generate a spatially continuous distribution map of this ecological function.

[0034] In some embodiments, in the carbon sink assessment model corresponding to the carbon sink function: the total ecological and environmental indicator is the total carbon storage; Total carbon storage equals the sum of carbon storage in the aboveground parts of vegetation, carbon storage in the underground parts of vegetation, carbon output from the soil layer, and carbon storage in the litter layer.

[0035] When assessing the carbon sink baseline of urban ecosystems, GIS technology is used to quantify the total carbon storage of urban green spaces, wetlands, forests and other ecosystems, and to identify the spatial characteristics of urban carbon sinks.

[0036] The formula for calculating total carbon reserves is as follows: In the formula, This represents the total carbon reserves. This indicates the carbon storage of the aboveground parts of vegetation. This indicates the carbon storage in the underground portion of vegetation. Indicates the carbon storage in the soil layer. This indicates the carbon storage in the litter layer.

[0037] For example, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 An example of a spatial distribution map of urban carbon sinks in a target urban area is shown.

[0038] When evaluating the value of urban ecosystem services, the value of urban ecosystem services should be calculated in conjunction with water conservation and windbreak and sand fixation.

[0039] Water conservation refers to the process by which ecosystems (such as forests and grasslands) interact with water through their unique structures to intercept, infiltrate, and store precipitation, and to regulate water flow and water cycle through evapotranspiration. This is mainly manifested in mitigating surface runoff, replenishing groundwater, reducing seasonal fluctuations in river flow, flood control and drought relief, and ensuring water quality.

[0040] Using water conservation capacity or water conservation volume as a measurement indicator, factors such as river source area, climate, land cover, and topography are mainly considered.

[0041] In some embodiments, in the water conservation assessment model corresponding to the water conservation function: the total ecological environment index is the total water conservation volume. ; ; in, Total water conservation capacity For rainfall, Surface runoff, For evaporation, Let be the area of ​​type i ecosystem, i be the type i ecosystem in the target urban area, and j be the number of ecosystem types in the target urban area.

[0042] Based on the evaluation results of single factors such as multi-year average rainfall, evapotranspiration, and surface runoff, the software is used to obtain the evaluation results of the importance of water conservation function through spatial overlay. Then, the software is used to reclassify and classify the evaluation results to generate a spatial distribution map of water conservation value evaluation (water conservation function evaluation distribution map).

[0043] ArcGIS software can be used here.

[0044] For example, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 An example of a spatial distribution map showing the water conservation value assessment of a target urban area is shown; Figure 4 The top 80% of areas with the highest cumulative water conservation volume within the target city area were identified as important water conservation areas; the results showed that important water conservation areas are mainly located on river surfaces.

[0045] Windbreak and sand fixation is the function of ecosystems (such as forests and grasslands) in reducing soil erosion caused by wind through their structure and processes, and it is one of the important regulatory services provided by ecosystems. The function of windbreak and sand fixation is closely related to factors such as wind speed, rainfall, temperature, soil, topography, and vegetation. The amount of windbreak and sand fixation (the difference between potential wind erosion and actual wind erosion) is used as an assessment index of the windbreak and sand fixation function of an ecosystem to evaluate its relative importance.

[0046] In some embodiments, in the sand fixation assessment model corresponding to the windbreak and sand fixation function: the total ecological environment index is the amount of sand fixation; the amount of sand fixation is the difference between the potential wind erosion and the actual wind erosion.

[0047] In some embodiments, the specific calculation formula for the sand fixation assessment model is as follows: In the formula, The amount of sand fixation is (t·km⁻²·a⁻¹). Potential wind erosion (t·km⁻²·a⁻¹); This represents the actual wind erosion amount (t·km⁻²·a⁻¹).

[0048] By collecting meteorological and soil data of the target city area, and comprehensively calculating the potential and actual wind erosion, the amount of sand fixation in the target city area is obtained. Then, through software reclassification, the evaluation results are graded to generate a spatial distribution map of windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation (windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map). The top 80% of areas with the highest cumulative sand fixation within the county are identified as important areas for windbreak and sand fixation function; for example... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 An example of a spatial distribution map showing the windbreak and sand-fixation function evaluation of a target urban area is shown.

[0049] In step S103, based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, an ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and to generate an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas. The ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points. The ecological corridor is a potential ecological flow channel that connects various ecological source areas and has the least ecological resistance. The ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridor.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 6 The process of performing ecological spatial structure diagnosis based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identifying ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generating an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas includes the following steps S601-S604: S601. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, determine the ecological source area of ​​the target urban area; S602. Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, determine the ecological resistance surface that characterizes the cost that ecological flows need to overcome to move in the landscape; S603. Using the minimum cost path algorithm, calculate and extract the potential ecological flow channels with the minimum ecological resistance between the ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface as ecological corridors. S604. Based on the determined ecological corridor, identify the ecological pinch points where ecological flow converges and the obstacle points where ecological flow is blocked on the ecological corridor through a circuit theory model.

[0051] Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, the ecological source areas of the target urban area are determined. For example, based on the set of distribution maps, areas with high ecological function value are extracted, and combined with the boundaries of legally protected areas such as nature reserves and large parks in the basic geographic data, one or more ecological source areas are determined through spatial overlay and comprehensive judgment.

[0052] In some embodiments, determining the ecological resistance surface characterizing the cost that ecological flows must overcome to move in the landscape, based on the underlying geographic data, includes: Multiple ecological resistance evaluation factor layers for the target urban area are acquired and preprocessed. These ecological resistance evaluation factors include land type factors, distance from built-up areas factors, distance from water bodies factors, and elevation factors. For each ecological resistance evaluation factor, different categories or numerical ranges are assigned corresponding resistance values ​​and weights. All ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are unified to the same spatial coordinate system and raster resolution. The unified ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are then weighted and summed, and the summation result is normalized to generate the ecological resistance surface.

[0053] In some embodiments, the specific process of constructing an ecological resistance surface is as follows: The graph theory-based minimum cumulative resistance model is used to calculate the cumulative cost incurred by biological objects in ecological conservation during their migration from source to destination. Determining the ecological resistance value R is crucial for constructing the ecological resistance surface. Commonly used resistance factors include land cover type, elevation and slope, and human disturbance. The specific calculation steps for the ecological resistance surface are as follows: 1) Assigning values ​​to the current land use status based on the impact of different land uses on species migration, assigning low values ​​to urban construction land and high values ​​to grassland, farmland, and forest land in that order; 2) Downloading DEM data from a geospatial data cloud and using raster calculation tools to calculate the relative elevation differences of the region. Based on the principle that the greater the relative elevation difference, the greater the slope change and the greater the impedance value, the study area is assigned a relative elevation difference factor; 3) Buffer analysis is performed on construction land and rivers based on the current land use status. The farther away from construction land and the closer to the river, the more favorable it is for biological migration, and vice versa; 4) The data of the four factors obtained in 1)-3) are resampled to a spatial resolution of 30m and then summed by raster. The summation result is then normalized to obtain the final ecological resistance surface.

[0054] For example, the resistance values ​​and weight values ​​of each resistance factor are shown in Table 1 below.

[0055] Table 1

[0056] For example, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the ecological resistance surface of the target urban area is shown.

[0057] In some embodiments, the step of calculating and extracting the potential ecological flow channels with the least ecological resistance connecting the various ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface as ecological corridors using a minimum cost path algorithm includes: The ecological resistance surface is used as a cost grid, and the ecological source area is used as the source point; Perform minimum cumulative resistance calculations to generate minimum cumulative cost distance surfaces from each source point to every point in the landscape; each pair of ecological source sites corresponds to two cumulative cost distance surfaces. The path with the largest rate of change of cumulative cost difference between two cumulative cost distance surfaces corresponding to the ecological source sites is the minimum cost path connecting the pair of ecological source sites. The minimum cost path is determined to be the ecological corridor.

[0058] In other words, the distribution of ecological corridors is determined by using the shortest path algorithm based on the resistance surface and the ecological source area. The identification of ecological corridors is completed by using the Linkage Mapper tool in the GIS toolbox, which identifies adjacent ecological source areas, constructs an ecological source area network, calculates cost-weighted distance and minimum cost path, and calculates standardized low-resistance channels. These ecological corridors are then identified as important ecological corridors.

[0059] In some embodiments, based on the determined ecological corridor, ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked are identified through circuit theory models, including: The ecological corridor is mapped as a circuit, the ecological resistance surface is mapped as the resistance distribution in the circuit, and the ecological source area is mapped as a circuit node; The flow of current between all circuit node pairs is simulated in the circuit, and the cumulative current density of each grid cell is calculated. Regions with cumulative current density higher than a first preset current density threshold are identified as ecological pinch points, and regions with cumulative current density lower than a second preset current density threshold and located on critical connectivity paths are identified as ecological obstacle points.

[0060] Based on the extraction of ecological corridors, the Pinch-point Mapper module of the Circuitscape plugin in ArcGIS is used to identify ecological corridor nodes. The grounding current of different source nodes (source sites) and the input current of other nodes (source sites) are calculated iteratively to obtain the current layer. The area composed of pixels with larger cumulative current values ​​is the pinch point area, and the area composed of smaller pixels is the obstacle point area.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of ecological pinch points and obstacle points in the target urban area is shown.

[0062] In step S104, based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, spatial conflict analysis is performed between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization is performed with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, thereby generating an ecological network reinforcement map.

[0063] Constructing regional ecological networks based on the identification of ecological source areas and the extraction of important ecological corridors can effectively improve the regional environment, enhance the connectivity of regional landscapes, connect fragmented habitats, provide channels for species migration between patches, and promote biodiversity conservation.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 9The process of generating an ecological network reinforcement map, based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, involves spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, as well as ecological network optimization aimed at ensuring key ecological connectivity. This includes the following steps S901-S902: S901. Calculate the spatial relationship between the ecological corridor map and the ecologically vulnerable node map in the ecological space diagnostic map set and the planned roads, planned water systems, and planned ecological corridors in the urban spatial planning data to determine conflict information and / or collaborative information. S902. Based on the conflict information and / or coordination information, adjust the urban spatial planning data with the goal of ensuring the connectivity of key ecological flows, and generate an ecological network enhancement map.

[0065] Ecological corridor maps mark green life channels connecting important ecological areas (such as large parks and forests) in cities, and are potential optimal routes for animal migration and plant dispersal.

[0066] The ecologically vulnerable node map marks the most vulnerable and problem-prone locations on the aforementioned ecological corridors, categorized as follows: Ecological choke points: the narrowest passages on the ecological corridors, which can cause the entire passage to be interrupted if blocked; Obstacle points: locations on the ecological corridors that are actually "broken" or severely blocked.

[0067] Urban spatial planning data serves as a blueprint for urban development.

[0068] Planned roads are highways, railways, etc. that will be built or expanded in the future; planned water systems are rivers that will be managed in the future; planned ecological corridors are greenways, ventilation corridors, etc. that are planned to be built in the plan.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the planned river surface and regional transportation layout of the target urban area is shown.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 An ecological network enhancement map of the target urban area is shown.

[0071] The ecological corridor map and ecologically vulnerable node map in the ecological space diagnostic map set are compared with the planned roads, planned water systems and planned ecological corridors in the urban spatial planning data to calculate spatial relationships, determine conflict information and / or collaborative information, and in a computer (such as a GIS system), the lines and points in the ecological corridor map and ecologically vulnerable node map are overlaid and compared with the lines (such as roads) and areas (such as development zones) in the urban spatial planning data to automatically find where they intersect, overlap or are adjacent, and determine conflict information and / or collaborative information based on preset rules.

[0072] Conflict information refers to projects in urban spatial planning data (such as a planned highway) that happen to pass through or encroach on ecological corridors or vulnerable points in the ecological space diagnostic atlas.

[0073] Collaborative information refers to ecological projects in urban spatial planning data (such as planned riverside parks and green belts and ecological corridors that are highly overlapping or closely adjacent in space; this is an opportunity to coordinate and promote them in a more efficient manner).

[0074] Based on the aforementioned conflict and / or collaborative information, the urban spatial planning data is adjusted with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map. This ecological network reinforcement map, based on the urban spatial planning data, clarifies where adjustments are needed: for example, slightly rerouting planned roads to avoid ecological bottlenecks; where additional engineering projects are necessary: ​​for example, at unavoidable key locations, clearly defining the simultaneous construction of "ecological bridges" or "animal passages" as part of road engineering; and where enhancements can be made: for example, aligning the width of planned green belts with the requirements of ecological corridors to ensure they truly fulfill their ecological functions.

[0075] In this way, by integrating the ecological security pattern into spatial planning through standardized technical processes, a "single map" that can be directly managed and viewed after the integration of the two is generated. This is a concrete realization and key technical support of "multi-plan integration" in the ecological dimension, allowing scientific ecological demands to optimize the spatial form of urban development in a forward-looking and quantitative manner.

[0076] In step S105, a blue-green space optimization map is generated based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map.

[0077] The blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

[0078] In some embodiments, generating a blue-green space optimization map based on a generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map includes: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, the design information of the water system is determined to determine the blue space layout information; Determine the design information for green spaces to determine the layout information for green spaces; Based on the blue and green space layout information, the raster cells in the target city area are rendered to generate a blue-green space optimization map.

[0079] Blue space layout information refers to the design information of all water bodies and waterfront ecological spaces, including but not limited to: the specific shoreline shape, width, revetment type (such as natural earth slope, ecological gabion) of rivers, lakes, and wetlands, as well as the scope of the surrounding buffer zone.

[0080] Green space layout information refers to the design schemes for all terrestrial vegetation spaces, including but not limited to: the specific boundaries, shapes, widths, and internal vegetation community structure information of parks, woodlands, grasslands, and ecological corridors.

[0081] The aforementioned set of distribution maps characterizes the inherent ecological functions of spatial units within the target urban area (e.g., a unit with strong carbon sequestration capacity or high water conservation value). This information directly determines which dominant ecological function should be configured for a specific spatial unit when generating layout information, thereby guiding its morphological design. For example, for units identified as high-value water conservation areas, the layout of their blue spaces (water systems and buffer zones) will be given higher priority and stricter width and morphological control parameters.

[0082] The ecological network enhancement map represents the coordinated ecological spatial structure framework and key engineering points (such as optimized corridor paths and mandatory ecological bridges). This information directly constrains the geometry, connectivity, and spatial location of blue-green space layout. For example, the optimized path of an ecological corridor determines that green spaces (such as protective forest belts) must be continuously laid out along this path and meet minimum width requirements; a connecting engineering point on an ecological junction forcibly defines that blue or green space must adopt a specific engineered form at that location.

[0083] In this way, based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, the blue space layout information and green space layout information are determined. The computer renders the design schemes of all river sections and green spaces to each corresponding location on the city map, and finally generates a blue-green space optimization map.

[0084] The Blue-Green Space Optimization Map seamlessly integrates ecological science, structural planning, and landscape engineering through intelligent spatial configuration technology, intuitively demonstrating the optimization effect of urban ecological space layout based on ecological science.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 A diagram showing the optimized blue-green space pattern of the target urban area is presented.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an urban ecological space layout optimization device corresponding to the urban ecological space layout optimization method. Since the principle of the device in this application is similar to the urban ecological space layout optimization method described above in this application, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the urban ecological space layout optimization device described in an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 13 As shown, the device includes: The acquisition module 1301 is used to acquire a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, wherein the multi-source spatial dataset includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data and urban spatial planning data. The first generation module 1302 is used to evaluate different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generate a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions; the distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map; each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location; each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location; each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. The second generation module 1303 is used to perform ecological spatial structure diagnosis based on a set of generated distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generate an ecological spatial diagnosis map set; the ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. The third generation module 1304 is used to perform spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and to optimize the ecological network with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, based on the ecological space diagnostic map and the urban spatial planning data, and to generate an ecological network reinforcement map. The fourth generation module 1305 is used to generate a blue-green space optimization map based on a set of generated distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

[0088] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological spatial layout optimization device, the first generation module, when evaluating different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions, is specifically used for: For each ecological function, based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, the target urban area is divided into multiple unified geographic grid units; Based on the ecological environment monitoring data, determine one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to the ecological function and each geographic grid unit; The ecological function is used to process one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to each geographic grid unit through the assessment model, and the total ecological environment index of each geographic grid unit is calculated. The total ecological environment indicators of all calculated grid cells are statistically classified, and each geographic grid cell is assigned a color label corresponding to its level to generate a spatially continuous distribution map of this ecological function. The ecological functions include: carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation.

[0089] In some embodiments, the urban ecological space layout optimization device... In the carbon sink assessment model corresponding to the carbon sink function, the total ecological and environmental indicator is the total carbon storage; Total carbon storage equals the sum of carbon storage in the aboveground parts of vegetation, carbon storage in the underground parts of vegetation, carbon output from the soil layer, and carbon storage in the litter layer. In the water conservation assessment model corresponding to the water conservation function, the total ecological environment index is the total water conservation volume. ; ; in, Total water conservation capacity For rainfall, Surface runoff, For evaporation, Let be the area of ​​type i ecosystem, where i is the type i ecosystem in the target urban area, and j is the number of ecosystem types in the target urban area; In the sand fixation assessment model corresponding to the windbreak and sand fixation function: the total ecological environment index is the amount of sand fixation; the amount of sand fixation is the difference between the potential wind erosion and the actual wind erosion.

[0090] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, the second generation module, when performing ecological space structure diagnosis based on a generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identifying ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generating an ecological space diagnosis atlas, is specifically used for: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, the ecological source areas of the target urban area are determined; Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, an ecological resistance surface is identified that characterizes the cost that ecological flows need to overcome to move in the landscape. Using the minimum cost path algorithm, the potential ecological flow channels with the minimum ecological resistance connecting the various ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface are calculated and extracted as ecological corridors. Based on the defined ecological corridor, the ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and the obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked are identified through circuit theory model.

[0091] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, the second generation module, when determining the ecological resistance surface characterizing the cost that ecological flows need to overcome in the landscape based on the basic geographic data, is specifically used for: Multiple ecological resistance evaluation factor layers for the target urban area are acquired and preprocessed. These ecological resistance evaluation factors include land type factors, distance from built-up areas factors, distance from water bodies factors, and elevation factors. For each ecological resistance evaluation factor, different categories or numerical ranges are assigned corresponding resistance values ​​and weights. All ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are unified to the same spatial coordinate system and raster resolution. The unified ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are then weighted and summed, and the summation result is normalized to generate the ecological resistance surface.

[0092] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, the second generation module, when calculating and extracting the potential ecological flow channels with the least ecological resistance connecting the ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface as ecological corridors using the minimum cost path algorithm, is specifically used for: The ecological resistance surface is used as a cost grid, and the ecological source area is used as the source point; Perform minimum cumulative resistance calculations to generate minimum cumulative cost distance surfaces from each source point to every point in the landscape; each pair of ecological source sites corresponds to two cumulative cost distance surfaces. The path with the largest rate of change of cumulative cost difference between two cumulative cost distance surfaces corresponding to the ecological source sites is the minimum cost path connecting the pair of ecological source sites. The minimum cost path is determined to be the ecological corridor.

[0093] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, when the second generation module identifies, based on the determined ecological corridor and through a circuit theory model, the ecological pinch points where ecological flow highly converges and the obstacle points where ecological flow is blocked on the ecological corridor, is specifically used for: The ecological corridor is mapped as a circuit, the ecological resistance surface is mapped as the resistance distribution in the circuit, and the ecological source area is mapped as a circuit node; The flow of current between all circuit node pairs is simulated in the circuit, and the cumulative current density of each grid cell is calculated. Regions with cumulative current density higher than a first preset current density threshold are identified as ecological pinch points, and regions with cumulative current density lower than a second preset current density threshold and located on critical connectivity paths are identified as ecological obstacle points.

[0094] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, the third generation module, when generating an ecological network reinforcement map based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, performs spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and optimizes the ecological network to ensure key ecological connectivity, specifically for: Spatial relationship calculations are performed between the ecological corridor map and the ecologically vulnerable node map in the ecological space diagnostic map set and the planned roads, planned water systems, and planned ecological corridors in the urban spatial planning data to determine conflict information and / or collaborative information. Based on the conflict information and / or collaboration information, the urban spatial planning data is adjusted with the goal of ensuring the connectivity of key ecological flows, and an ecological network enhancement map is generated.

[0095] In some embodiments, in the urban ecological space layout optimization device, the fourth generation module, when generating a blue-green space optimization map based on a set of generated distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, is specifically used for: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, the design information of the water system is determined to determine the blue space layout information; Determine the design information for green spaces to determine the layout information for green spaces; Based on the blue and green space layout information, the raster cells in the target city area are rendered to generate a blue-green space optimization map.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection can be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0097] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0098] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0099] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a platform server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0100] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, which includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data, and urban spatial planning data; Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are assessed in parallel, generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. These distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, an ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, generating an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas. The ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points. The ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance. The ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. Based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, spatial conflict analysis is conducted between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and ecological network optimization is performed with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map. Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, a blue-green space optimization map is generated; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

2. The method for optimizing urban ecological spatial layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, different types of ecological functions are assessed in parallel, generating a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions, including: For each ecological function, based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, the target urban area is divided into multiple unified geographic grid units; Based on the ecological environment monitoring data, determine one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to the ecological function and each geographic grid unit; The ecological function is used to process one or more ecological environment parameters corresponding to each geographic grid unit through the assessment model, and the total ecological environment index of each geographic grid unit is calculated. The total ecological environment indicators of all calculated grid cells are statistically classified, and each geographic grid cell is assigned a color label corresponding to its level to generate a spatially continuous distribution map of this ecological function. The ecological functions include: carbon sequestration, water conservation, and windbreak and sand fixation.

3. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the carbon sink assessment model corresponding to the carbon sink function, the total ecological and environmental indicator is the total carbon storage; Total carbon storage equals the sum of carbon storage in the aboveground parts of vegetation, carbon storage in the underground parts of vegetation, carbon output from the soil layer, and carbon storage in the litter layer. In the water conservation assessment model corresponding to the water conservation function, the total ecological environment index is the total water conservation volume. ; ； in, Total water conservation capacity For rainfall, Surface runoff, For evaporation, Let be the area of ​​type i ecosystem, where i is the type i ecosystem in the target urban area, and j is the number of ecosystem types in the target urban area; In the sand fixation assessment model corresponding to the windbreak and sand fixation function: the total ecological environment index is the amount of sand fixation; the amount of sand fixation is the difference between the potential wind erosion and the actual wind erosion.

4. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, ecological spatial structure diagnosis is performed to identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors, and ecologically vulnerable nodes, generating an ecological spatial diagnosis atlas, including: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, the ecological source areas of the target urban area are determined; Based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, an ecological resistance surface is identified that characterizes the cost that ecological flows need to overcome to move in the landscape. Using the minimum cost path algorithm, the potential ecological flow channels with the minimum ecological resistance connecting the various ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface are calculated and extracted as ecological corridors. Based on the defined ecological corridor, the ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and the obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked are identified through circuit theory model.

5. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the ecological resistance surface, which characterizes the cost that ecological flows must overcome to move through the landscape, based on the aforementioned basic geographic data, includes: Multiple ecological resistance evaluation factor layers for the target urban area are acquired and preprocessed. These ecological resistance evaluation factors include land type factors, distance from built-up areas factors, distance from water bodies factors, and elevation factors. For each ecological resistance evaluation factor, different categories or numerical ranges are assigned corresponding resistance values ​​and weights. All ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are unified to the same spatial coordinate system and raster resolution. The unified ecological resistance evaluation factor layers are then weighted and summed, and the summation result is normalized to generate the ecological resistance surface.

6. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of calculating and extracting potential ecological flow channels with minimal ecological resistance connecting various ecological source areas on the ecological resistance surface using a minimum cost path algorithm, as ecological corridors, includes: The ecological resistance surface is used as a cost grid, and the ecological source area is used as the source point; Perform minimum cumulative resistance calculations to generate minimum cumulative cost distance surfaces from each source point to every point in the landscape; each pair of ecological source sites corresponds to two cumulative cost distance surfaces. The path with the largest rate of change of cumulative cost difference between two cumulative cost distance surfaces corresponding to the ecological source sites is the minimum cost path connecting the pair of ecological source sites. The minimum cost path is determined to be the ecological corridor.

7. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the defined ecological corridor, ecological pinch points where ecological flows converge and obstacle points where ecological flows are blocked are identified through circuit theory models, including: The ecological corridor is mapped as a circuit, the ecological resistance surface is mapped as the resistance distribution in the circuit, and the ecological source area is mapped as a circuit node; The flow of current between all circuit node pairs is simulated in the circuit, and the cumulative current density of each grid cell is calculated. Regions with cumulative current density higher than a first preset current density threshold are identified as ecological pinch points, and regions with cumulative current density lower than a second preset current density threshold and located on critical connectivity paths are identified as ecological obstacle points.

8. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, the process involves analyzing spatial conflicts between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and optimizing the ecological network to ensure key ecological connectivity, generating an ecological network reinforcement map, including: Spatial relationship calculations are performed between the ecological corridor map and the ecologically vulnerable node map in the ecological space diagnostic map set and the planned roads, planned water systems, and planned ecological corridors in the urban spatial planning data to determine conflict information and / or collaborative information. Based on the conflict information and / or collaboration information, the urban spatial planning data is adjusted with the goal of ensuring the connectivity of key ecological flows, and an ecological network enhancement map is generated.

9. The method for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generation of a blue-green space optimization map based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map includes: Based on the generated set of distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map, the design information of the water system is determined to determine the blue space layout information; Determine the design information for green spaces to determine the layout information for green spaces; Based on the blue and green space layout information, the raster cells in the target city area are rendered to generate a blue-green space optimization map.

10. A device for optimizing the layout of urban ecological space, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire a multi-source spatial dataset of the target urban area, which includes basic geographic data, ecological environment monitoring data and urban spatial planning data. The first generation module is used to evaluate different types of ecological functions in parallel based on the basic geographic data and ecological environment monitoring data, and generate a set of distribution maps representing different ecological functions. The distribution maps include at least an urban carbon sink spatial distribution map, a water conservation function evaluation distribution map, and a windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map. Each grid cell of the urban carbon sink spatial distribution map represents the carbon storage information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the water conservation function evaluation distribution map represents the total water conservation information of the corresponding geographical location. Each grid cell of the windbreak and sand fixation function evaluation distribution map represents the sand fixation amount information of the corresponding geographical location. The second generation module is used to perform ecological spatial structure diagnosis based on the generated set of distribution maps and the basic geographic data, identify ecological source areas, ecological resistance surfaces, ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes, and generate an ecological spatial diagnosis map set; the ecologically vulnerable nodes include ecological pinch points and obstacle points; the ecological corridors are potential ecological flow channels that connect various ecological source areas and have the least ecological resistance; the ecologically vulnerable nodes are nodes on the ecological corridors. The third generation module is used to perform spatial conflict analysis between ecological corridors and ecologically vulnerable nodes and planned linear infrastructure, and to optimize the ecological network with the goal of ensuring key ecological connectivity, based on the ecological space diagnostic atlas and the urban spatial planning data, and to generate an ecological network reinforcement map. The fourth generation module is used to generate a blue-green space optimization map based on a set of generated distribution maps and the ecological network enhancement map; the blue-green space optimization map includes blue space layout information representing water system design information and green space layout information representing green space design information.

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