Electric carbon data acquisition and energy management fusion system for carbon transaction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy metering and information interaction, particularly provides a carbon transaction-oriented electricity and carbon data acquisition and energy management fusion system, and aims to solve the problems of poor interoperability and low data credibility of an existing carbon transaction-oriented system. The system comprises an electricity-carbon data acquisition module used for acquiring electricity-carbon data of a user according to a first preset period, generating a data frame according to the electricity-carbon data, and sending the data frame to a data transmission control module; the data transmission control module is used for storing the data frame and sending the data frame to the master station management module through the security encryption channel according to a second preset period; the master station management module is used for verifying the data frame and sending the successfully verified data to the energy management module; the energy management module is used for performing energy efficiency analysis and carbon cost calculation on the successfully verified data to obtain an accounting result, and sending the accounting result to the carbon transaction module; and the carbon transaction module is used for performing transaction processing based on the accounting result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy metering and information interaction technology, specifically providing an integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading. Background Technology

[0002] With energy structure optimization and carbon emission intensity reduction becoming key development goals, accurate and reliable carbon emission metering and management in the power system has become a crucial aspect. Currently, domestic standards for electricity carbon metering primarily regulate meter readings at the meter level, lacking system-level interconnection with power substations, energy management systems, and carbon trading platforms. This results in difficulties in cross-system data interoperability, broken traceability chains, and severely restricts the real-time nature, security, and reliable application of carbon data in carbon trading. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to solve the aforementioned technical problems, namely, to address the issues of poor interoperability and low data reliability in existing carbon trading systems.

[0004] This application provides an integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading. The system includes an electricity carbon data acquisition module, a data transmission control module, a master station management module, an energy management module, and a carbon trading module. The electricity carbon data acquisition module is used to collect users' electricity carbon data according to a first preset period, generate data frames based on the electricity carbon data, and send the data frames to the data transmission control module. The data transmission control module is used to store the data frames and send the data frames to the master station management module through a secure encrypted channel according to a second preset period. The master station management module is used to verify the data frames and send the successfully verified data to the energy management module. The energy management module is used to perform energy efficiency analysis and carbon cost calculation based on the successfully verified data to obtain accounting results, and send the accounting results to the carbon trading module. The carbon trading module is used to perform trading processing based on the accounting results.

[0005] In one optional technical solution, the system further includes a time synchronization module, which is used to synchronize the clocks of the carbon data acquisition module, data transmission control module, master station management module, energy management module and carbon trading module based on a network time protocol or a precision time protocol so that the system time synchronization accuracy meets preset conditions.

[0006] In one optional technical solution, the carbon data includes electrical energy data and corresponding carbon emissions. The data frame generated by the carbon data acquisition module is obtained by encapsulating the electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, a timestamp, a serial number, and a message authentication code. The serial number is used to uniquely identify the data frame, and the message authentication code is calculated based on at least one of the electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, the timestamp, and the serial number.

[0007] In one optional technical solution, the data transmission control module is further configured to perform the following operations: after power-on, send a connection request to the master station management module; exchange digital certificates with the master station management module and perform two-way identity authentication using the national cryptographic algorithm; when authentication is successful, negotiate with the master station management module to generate a one-time session key and establish a secure encrypted channel based on the session key.

[0008] In one optional technical solution, the data transmission control module is further configured to perform the following operations: parse the data frame sent by the carbon data acquisition module, encrypt the parsing result based on the secure encryption channel, and generate a new data frame to send to the main station management module.

[0009] In one optional technical solution, the master station management module is configured to perform integrity and continuity checks on the data frames sent by the data transmission control module; wherein, the integrity check includes: checking whether the format of the data frame conforms to the specification, whether the timestamp is valid, and verifying whether the data in the data frame is correct based on the message authentication code; the continuity check includes: checking whether the timestamps of adjacent data frames are consecutive and whether the serial number increases sequentially.

[0010] In one optional technical solution, the master station management module is further configured to perform the following steps: when integrity verification fails, generate a verification error log and mark the data frame that failed integrity verification as invalid data; when continuity verification fails, generate a supplementary reporting instruction and send it to the data transmission control module; and re-perform integrity and continuity verification on the supplementary data frame reported by the data transmission control module.

[0011] In one optional technical solution, the main station management module is further configured to perform the following steps: when the integrity verification and continuity verification are successful, the successfully verified data is stored in the business database and the corresponding operation log is generated.

[0012] In one optional technical solution, the calculation result obtained by the energy management module is a standardized message containing carbon emission data, energy efficiency and carbon intensity indicators, and data traceability information.

[0013] In one optional technical solution, the carbon trading module, used for trading based on the accounting results, is configured to perform the following steps: generating a basis for the confirmation and quantification of carbon assets based on the accounting results, providing a verifiable and credible data source, and comparing it with carbon emission quotas to generate regulatory reports and early warning information.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this application constructs an integrated system encompassing an electricity carbon data acquisition module, a data transmission control module, a master station management module, an energy management module, and a carbon trading module. This system enables cross-system data flow and solves the problems of poor interoperability and difficult data integration in existing technologies. Through secure encrypted channel transmission and data frame verification, it achieves the effects of ensuring data consistency and security, and improving data reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The preferred embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated system for carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of a data transmission control module transmitting data to a main station management module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of data verification in the main station management module according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Some embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus. Additionally, "module" and "processor" can include hardware, software, or a combination of both. A module may include hardware circuitry, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memory, and may also include software portions, such as program code, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0018] The power industry is a key area for carbon emissions, and the accurate collection, reliable transmission, and trustworthy accounting of carbon emission data are crucial foundations for supporting carbon trading, green electricity certification, and energy efficiency management. Currently, China's national standard for "Electricity Carbon Metering" primarily regulates the metering accuracy and data collection process at the meter level, but it does not yet cover the data interfaces and security mechanisms between the main station system, energy management system, and carbon trading platform. International standards such as ISO 14064 and the GHG Protocol only provide accounting frameworks, lacking technical implementation specifications. Significant differences exist between devices from different manufacturers in terms of message formats, time synchronization methods, and encryption algorithms, leading to difficulties in cross-system data interoperability and traceability.

[0019] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management oriented towards carbon trading. (See attached document.) Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the system mainly includes an electricity carbon data acquisition module 1, a data transmission control module 2, a master station management module 3, an energy management module 4, and a carbon trading module 5. The electricity carbon data acquisition module 1 collects users' electricity carbon data according to a first preset cycle, generates data frames based on the data, and sends the data frames to the data transmission control module 2. The data transmission control module 2 stores the data frames and sends them to the master station management module 3 via a secure encrypted channel according to a second preset cycle. The master station management module 3 verifies the data frames and sends the successfully verified data to the energy management module 4. The energy management module 4 performs energy efficiency analysis and carbon cost calculation on the successfully verified data to obtain the accounting results, and sends the accounting results to the carbon trading module 5. The carbon trading module 5 processes transactions based on the accounting results.

[0020] As an example, the carbon data acquisition module 1 includes multiple carbon meters, and the data transmission control module 2 includes a data concentrator. The multiple carbon meters collect carbon data from multiple users at a pre-set first period (e.g., every 15 minutes) and convert the collected carbon data into data frames, which are then sent to the data concentrator. The concentrator receives and temporarily stores the data frames uploaded by the multiple carbon meters via a communication channel (e.g., RS485), and uploads the cached data frames in batches to the main station management module 3 at a second pre-set period (e.g., every hour) via a secure encrypted channel (e.g., SM2 / SM4 / TLS). The main station management module 3 performs integrity and continuity checks on the data frames and sends the successfully checked data to the energy management module 4 via a standardized interface (e.g., RESTful API or IEC 61968 CIM / XML). The energy management module 4 performs energy efficiency analysis and carbon cost calculation on the successfully checked data, obtaining the following accounting result: a standardized message containing carbon emission data, energy efficiency and carbon intensity indicators, and data traceability information. The carbon trading module 5 processes transactions based on the above calculation results. For example, it uses standardized messages containing carbon emission data, energy efficiency and carbon intensity indicators, and data traceability information to generate the basis for the confirmation and quantification of carbon assets, provides verifiable and credible data sources, compares them with carbon emission quotas, and generates regulatory reports and early warning information.

[0021] It is understood that the specific values ​​given in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive convenience only and are not intended to limit this application. For example, the first preset period is 15 minutes, but it can also be 5 minutes, 1 hour or any other applicable time interval. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the user refers to the subject or management object of electricity consumption and carbon emissions, including but not limited to: industrial enterprises, commercial buildings, industrial parks, microgrids, and aggregated subjects represented by load aggregators and virtual power plant operators.

[0022] This embodiment provides an integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading. The system features standardized interfaces and secure encrypted channels, supports end-to-end time synchronization, and enables real-time, secure, and reliable exchange of carbon emission data between the power station system, energy management system, and carbon trading platform. This supports a closed-loop data system for carbon trading and green electricity certification, effectively reducing system integration costs and providing a technical foundation for multi-user cross-system data interconnection and reliable carbon market trading.

[0023] In one implementation, the energy management module performs energy efficiency analysis on successfully verified data, primarily including the following: load analysis and visualization, such as converting electrical energy data (including electricity consumption) into visual charts like curves and bar graphs to display the user's electricity consumption patterns at different times, on different devices, or in different production stages; energy consumption structure analysis, such as statistically analyzing the energy consumption ratio of each energy-consuming unit (production line, workshop, equipment) to identify high-energy-consuming stages; energy efficiency assessment, such as calculating parameters reflecting energy efficiency levels like energy consumption per unit of output value and carbon intensity based on output or output value; and abnormal energy consumption identification, such as detecting abnormal situations like load fluctuations, prolonged periods of no load, or equipment energy consumption exceeding set thresholds, and generating alarms.

[0024] In one implementation, the energy management module performs carbon cost calculations on successfully verified data, primarily including the following: carbon emission accounting, such as statistically analyzing the carbon emissions of each user by time period and region; carbon cost assessment, such as calculating carbon emission costs based on carbon trading market prices; emission reduction benefit analysis, such as calculating the carbon emission reductions and corresponding economic benefits that can be achieved through energy-saving retrofits or the use of green electricity; and performance comparison, such as comparing carbon intensity indicators over historical periods or with those of similar enterprises to support management decision-making.

[0025] In one implementation, the energy management module can also generate data traceability information, including but not limited to carbon emission data, corresponding timestamps, data sources, and verification results, thereby ensuring that the data is traceable and verifiable.

[0026] In one implementation, the energy management module generates a standardized message for transaction processing based on the data interface specifications and message format specified by the carbon trading module and the above analysis and calculation results.

[0027] In an optional implementation, the system further includes a time synchronization module for synchronizing the clocks of the carbon data acquisition module, data transmission control module, master station management module, energy management module, and carbon trading module based on Network Time Protocol (NTP) or Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to ensure that the system's time synchronization accuracy meets preset conditions. For example, maintaining a time synchronization accuracy of ±1 second ensures data time consistency.

[0028] In one implementation, the system employs a hierarchical synchronization strategy for clock synchronization. Specifically, the carbon data acquisition module and the data transmission control module use a precision time protocol for time synchronization. This protocol boasts sub-millisecond synchronization accuracy, meeting the second-level time alignment requirements of data acquisition. The data transmission control module periodically corrects the time of the data acquisition module, ensuring a deviation ≤ ±1 second. The main station management module, energy management module, and carbon trading module synchronize to a unified time server using a network time protocol, achieving millisecond-level accuracy to meet the requirements of data aggregation, analysis, and uploading. The main station management module simultaneously monitors the time synchronization status of both the network time protocol and the precision time protocol. If the time deviation between the data acquisition module and the data transmission control module exceeds a certain limit, the data transmission control module is triggered to resynchronize time and record the time synchronization log.

[0029] In one implementation, the system may further include a cloud platform data hub for storing historical and real-time collected carbon dioxide data.

[0030] In one implementation, the main station management module may further include a user terminal interface that displays electricity consumption analysis results and provides energy-saving suggestions based on the carbon data.

[0031] In one optional implementation, the carbon data includes electrical energy data and the corresponding carbon emissions. The data frame generated by the carbon data acquisition module is encapsulated by electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, a timestamp, a serial number, and a message authentication code. The serial number is used to uniquely identify the data frame, and the message authentication code is calculated based on at least one of the electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, the timestamp, and the serial number.

[0032] In one implementation, the data frame consists of a frame header, a data area (encrypted message), and a frame trailer. The frame header includes a serial number, the address of the carbon data acquisition module, a timestamp, and the frame type; the data area includes electricity consumption, carbon emissions, and freeze time; and the frame trailer includes a message authentication code (MAC) or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to verify data integrity.

[0033] In one implementation, the message authentication code calculation process is as follows: After completing a data acquisition, the carbon data acquisition module uses the SM3 hash algorithm to combine the electricity data, corresponding carbon emissions, timestamp, serial number, and the module's device key to generate a fixed-length (e.g., 256-bit) message authentication code. When the data transmission control module receives this frame, it recalculates the data using the same key and algorithm and compares the MAC value. If they match, it proves that the data has not been tampered with during transmission and that the sending source is trustworthy. This achieves the goal of ensuring data consistency and security.

[0034] In one implementation, the serial number can be a string of preset length composed of the cell carbon data acquisition module number (e.g., cell carbon meter ID), a timestamp, and an auto-incrementing sequence number. Assume the serial number generation rule is: Serial Number = Cell Carbon Meter ID (e.g., the last 4 digits) + Acquisition Time (e.g., a timestamp accurate to the second: YYYYMMDDHHMMSS) + Auto-incrementing sequence number within the current time period (e.g., 00–99, 2-digit cycle). For example, in the current data frame, the cell carbon meter ID is: E12345678, the acquisition time is: 2025-10-10 10:15:00, and the sequence number is: 01. Then the generated serial number is: 5678_20251010101500_01. This serial number uniquely identifies the data frame, reflecting both the data source and time, and facilitating data management and verification by the main station.

[0035] In one implementation, carbon emissions are calculated by multiplying electrical energy data by a carbon factor, where the carbon factor can be set according to a unified carbon emission factor standard during initial system configuration. Alternatively, the main station management module / energy management module can periodically send the latest carbon factor to the electricity carbon data acquisition module when a standard change is detected. Optionally, the carbon factor in this embodiment supports differentiated settings for multiple regions and time periods.

[0036] In one alternative implementation, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of a data transmission control module transmitting data to a main station management module according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, this process is executed by the data transmission control module and mainly includes the following steps S201 to S206.

[0037] Step S201: After power-on, send a connection request to the main station management module.

[0038] Optionally, the data transmission control module, such as the data concentrator, may initiate a connection request to the main station management module after power-on.

[0039] Step S202: Exchange digital certificates with the main station management module and perform two-way identity authentication using the national cryptographic algorithm.

[0040] Optionally, the data concentrator exchanges digital certificates with the main station management module and uses the SM2 algorithm for signature verification and the SM3 algorithm for hash verification to confirm the legitimacy of each other's identities.

[0041] Step S203: Determine whether the authentication is successful.

[0042] If authentication fails, proceed to step S204; if authentication succeeds, proceed to step S205.

[0043] Step S204: Log the error log and disconnect.

[0044] Optionally, if authentication fails, log the error and safely disconnect the connection.

[0045] Step S205: Negotiate with the main station management module to generate a one-time session key, and establish a secure encrypted channel based on the session key.

[0046] Optionally, if authentication is successful, the data concentrator negotiates with the main station management module to generate a one-time session key, and establishes a secure encrypted channel using the SM4 algorithm or TLS 1.3 protocol based on the session key.

[0047] Step S206: Transmit data through a secure encrypted channel.

[0048] Optionally, the data concentrator transmits data to the main station management module through an established secure encrypted channel. As an example, the data concentrator parses the data frames sent by the electrocarbon data acquisition module, encrypts the parsing results based on the secure encrypted channel, and generates a new data frame to send to the main station management module. This new data frame includes a message authentication code and a serial number generated by the data concentrator based on the SM3 algorithm, used to verify data integrity, resist replay attacks, and ensure data transmission order.

[0049] In one alternative implementation, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall process of data verification in the main station management module according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the process mainly includes the following steps S301 to S310.

[0050] Step S301: The main station management module receives data.

[0051] Optionally, the main station management module receives data frames sent by the data transmission control module.

[0052] Step S302: Perform data integrity verification.

[0053] Optionally, integrity checks include, but are not limited to: checking whether the data frame format conforms to the specification, whether the timestamp is valid, whether the necessary fields are complete, and verifying the correctness of the data in the data frame based on the message authentication code.

[0054] In one implementation, the validity of a timestamp can be checked using the following logical checks: The timestamp must not be later than the current time of the master station; if the timestamp is later than the master station clock, it can be determined as abnormal or forged data. The timestamp must not be earlier than the system activation time or the historical retention period; if the timestamp is earlier than the system activation date or earlier than the data retention limit (e.g., 90 days ago), the data is determined to be invalid. The timestamp should meet the time deviation tolerance, which can be consistent with the time synchronization accuracy (e.g., ±1 second); if it exceeds the range, it is recorded as an abnormal frame.

[0055] In one implementation, verifying the correctness of data in a data frame based on a message authentication code may specifically include the following steps: (1) recalculating the message authentication code for the received message using a pre-shared key (or session key). (2) comparing the newly calculated message authentication code with the message authentication code attached to the data frame. (3) if the two match, the data is deemed valid; if they do not match, the data is deemed to have been tampered with or transmitted incorrectly.

[0056] Step S303: Determine whether the integrity verification was successful.

[0057] If the integrity check fails, proceed to step S304; if the integrity check succeeds, proceed to step S305.

[0058] Step S304: Record the verification error log and mark invalid data.

[0059] Optionally, if the integrity verification fails, the main station management module marks this data frame as invalid data and records the error type, occurrence time and corresponding serial number in the verification error log.

[0060] Step S305: Perform continuity verification on the data.

[0061] Optionally, continuity checks include checking whether the timestamps of adjacent data frames are consecutive and whether the serial numbers are sequentially increasing, in order to determine whether there is missing or out-of-order data.

[0062] Step S306: Determine whether the continuity check was successful.

[0063] If the continuity check is successful, proceed to step S307; if the continuity check fails, proceed to step S309.

[0064] Step S307: Data is successfully entered into the database.

[0065] Optionally, if the continuity verification is successful, the main station management module will store the successfully verified data into the business database.

[0066] Step S308: Record the operation log.

[0067] Optionally, the operation log can record information such as the data source (e.g., normal / re-reported), the entry time, and the verification result (success / failure and reason). According to compliance requirements, successfully verified data should be stored in the business database for at least 90 days to meet auditing and traceability needs.

[0068] Step S309: Generate a supplementary report instruction and send it to the data transmission control module.

[0069] Optionally, if step S305 determines that there is missing or out-of-order data, the main station management module generates a supplementary reporting instruction with a specified serial number and sends it to the data transmission control module to ensure that the data transmission control module can accurately identify and re-collect specific data.

[0070] Step S310: Receive the supplementary data and mark it with a recalculation flag.

[0071] Optionally, the main station management module receives the data re-collected by the data transmission control module according to the supplementary reporting instruction, and marks the data with a recalculation flag to distinguish it from the normally uploaded data. Then, step S302 and subsequent steps are executed, that is, the integrity and continuity of the re-collected data are re-verified.

[0072] It should be noted that although the steps in the above embodiments are described in a specific order, those skilled in the art will understand that in order to achieve the effect of this application, different steps do not necessarily have to be executed in such an order. They can be executed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other orders. These adjusted solutions are equivalent to the technical solutions described in this application and therefore will also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0073] The technical solutions of this application have been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fusion system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading, characterized in that, The system includes an electricity carbon data acquisition module, a data transmission control module, a master station management module, an energy management module, and a carbon trading module. The electricity carbon data acquisition module is used to collect users' electricity carbon data according to a first preset period, generate data frames based on the electricity carbon data, and send the data frames to the data transmission control module. The data transmission control module is used to store the data frame and send the data frame to the main station management module through a secure encrypted channel according to a second preset period; The main station management module is used to verify the data frame and send the successfully verified data to the energy management module; The energy management module is used to perform energy efficiency analysis and carbon cost calculation based on the successfully verified data to obtain the accounting results, and send the accounting results to the carbon trading module; the carbon trading module is used to perform trading processing based on the accounting results.

2. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a time synchronization module, which is used to synchronize the clocks of the carbon data acquisition module, data transmission control module, master station management module, energy management module and carbon trading module based on a network time protocol or a precision time protocol so that the system time synchronization accuracy meets preset conditions.

3. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The carbon data includes electrical energy data and corresponding carbon emissions. The data frame generated by the carbon data acquisition module is encapsulated by the electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, a timestamp, a serial number, and a message authentication code. The serial number is used to uniquely identify the data frame, and the message authentication code is calculated based on at least one of the electrical energy data, the corresponding carbon emissions, the timestamp, and the serial number.

4. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The data transmission control module is also used to perform the following operations: after power-on, it sends a connection request to the master station management module; exchanges digital certificates with the master station management module and performs two-way identity authentication using the national cryptographic algorithm; when authentication is successful, it negotiates with the master station management module to generate a one-time session key and establishes a secure encrypted channel based on the session key.

5. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The data transmission control module is also used to perform the following operations: parse the data frames sent by the carbon data acquisition module, encrypt the parsing results based on the secure encryption channel, and generate new data frames to send to the main station management module.

6. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main station management module is configured to perform integrity and continuity checks on the data frames sent by the data transmission control module. The integrity check includes checking whether the data frame format conforms to the specification, whether the timestamp is valid, and whether the data in the data frame is correct based on the message authentication code. The continuity check includes checking whether the timestamps of adjacent data frames are consecutive and whether the serial number increases sequentially.

7. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The main station management module is also configured to perform the following steps: when integrity verification fails, generate a verification error log and mark the data frame that failed integrity verification as invalid data; when continuity verification fails, generate a supplementary reporting instruction and send it to the data transmission control module. The data frames reported by the data transmission control module are re-verified for integrity and continuity.

8. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main station management module is also configured to perform the following steps: when the integrity verification and continuity verification are successful, the successfully verified data is stored in the business database and the corresponding operation log is generated.

9. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The calculation result obtained by the energy management module is a standardized message containing carbon emission data, energy efficiency and carbon intensity indicators, and data traceability information.

10. The integrated system for electricity carbon data acquisition and energy management for carbon trading according to claim 9, characterized in that, The carbon trading module, used for trading based on the accounting results, is configured to perform the following steps: generating a basis for the confirmation and quantification of carbon assets based on the accounting results, providing a verifiable and credible data source, and comparing it with carbon emission quotas to generate regulatory reports and early warning information.

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