Assembly type steel structure node monitoring and early warning system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system, which is applied to the technical field of civil engineering construction, and realizes deformation early warning by adopting a mechanical transmission mode by adapting to the stress monitoring requirement of a fabricated steel structure beam column node, does not need to depend on electric power or intelligent components, adapts to the complex environment of an engineering field, and is high in practicability. Early warning response directly depends on beam body deformation force conduction, trigger logic is clear, response is timely, an inspector can rapidly recognize node abnormity through a visual early warning state, professional detection tools are not needed, the inspection efficiency is remarkably improved, and the overall structure is stable and reliable in operation. The method is suitable for assembly type steel structure node monitoring core requirements, false early warning under non-abnormal working conditions can be effectively avoided, interference of slight disturbance on the early warning function is resisted, the accuracy of early warning triggering is guaranteed, the real-time alarm monitoring capacity is achieved, the critical state of node abnormal deformation can be captured in time, and hidden danger discovery is more efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil engineering construction technology, and specifically relates to a monitoring and early warning system for prefabricated steel structure nodes. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated steel structures are one of the mainstream structural forms under the background of building industrialization and green building development. Their core is the standardized prefabrication of components such as beams, columns, and slabs in factories, followed by rapid assembly on the construction site using bolting, welding, and other methods. They are characterized by high construction efficiency, environmental friendliness, high component precision, and excellent seismic performance, and are widely used in industrial plants, high-rise buildings, public venues, and other projects. As the core connection points of prefabricated steel structures, nodes play a crucial role in transmitting shear force, axial force, and bending moment between components. They are areas of concentrated structural stress, and the reliability of their connections directly determines the safety and stability of the overall structure. Node monitoring and early warning is a protective measure that uses specific technologies to monitor the working status of nodes in real time, addressing potential risks such as deformation, loosening, and stress concentration that are prone to occur in prefabricated steel structure nodes. Its core function is to promptly capture abnormal changes in nodes, provide early warnings of potential structural safety hazards, and avoid chain reactions caused by node failure. It provides a scientific basis for controlling the construction quality and routine operation and maintenance of the structure, ensuring the safety and stability of prefabricated steel structures during long-term use, and supporting their large-scale application in various engineering scenarios. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system is a system that monitors and provides early warnings of the included angle between the connection nodes between beams and columns.

[0003] However, traditional monitoring and early warning systems for prefabricated steel structure nodes do not readily present abnormal node conditions. Inspection processes are cumbersome and inefficient. Some systems are structurally complex, require specialized technical personnel for maintenance, and suffer from delayed response and unclear triggering logic. Complex operation or lack of intuitive monitoring can easily lead to missed detections of potential node hazards, failing to provide economical and practical monitoring guarantees for structural safety maintenance. Furthermore, they are prone to generating false alarms under non-abnormal conditions, have weak resistance to minor disturbances, and insufficient accuracy in triggering early warnings. They also exhibit poor adaptability to complex environments such as vibration and temperature differences at construction sites, resulting in poor long-term operational stability. Some systems do not support repeated resets, maintenance is cumbersome, requires frequent component replacement, and has high maintenance costs. The security and practicality of node monitoring are insufficient, making it difficult to effectively support the long-term safe maintenance of steel structure nodes and resulting in poor compatibility with the standardized application requirements of prefabricated construction.

[0004] To address the issues mentioned in the background, a monitoring and early warning system for prefabricated steel structure nodes is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring and early warning system for prefabricated steel structure nodes, which has the advantages of intuitive monitoring and early warning and resistance to minor disturbances.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system, including a connecting plate one, a pressure rod welded to the bottom of the connecting plate one, a movable joint fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod, a movable groove movably sleeved on the surface of the movable joint, a pressure block one provided outside the movable groove, a fixed cylinder slidably sleeved on the surface of the pressure block one, a connecting plate two bolted to the right side of the fixed cylinder, an early warning block two provided at the bottom of the pressure block one, a limit block fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the bottom of the surface of the early warning block two penetrates the interior of the limit block and slidably sleeved, and an alarm mechanism provided at the top of the early warning block two.

[0007] The above technical solution involves fixing connecting plate one to the beam of the prefabricated steel structure and connecting plate two to the column, ensuring precise alignment of the device with the stress-bearing area of ​​the beam-column joint. When the joint deforms due to stress, the deformation force of the beam is simultaneously transmitted to connecting plate one, which in turn drives the bottom pressure rod to displace. The pressure rod flexibly adapts to the movable joint and movable groove at the bottom, smoothly transmitting the displacement force to pressure block one. The fixed cylinder provides a stable vertical sliding guide for pressure block one, preventing offset and jamming. During displacement, pressure block one drives the bottom warning block two to move downwards synchronously. The limiting block at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder constrains the downward movement of warning block two. The presence and degree of exposure of warning block two provide direct feedback on the deformation of the joint. Whether the deformation exceeds the allowable range, this system achieves purely mechanical transmission and visual early warning of node deformation, adapting to the stress monitoring needs of prefabricated steel structure beam-column nodes. It uses mechanical transmission to achieve deformation early warning, without relying on electricity or intelligent components, adapting to complex engineering site environments. The early warning response is directly based on the transmission of beam deformation force, with clear triggering logic and timely response. Inspection personnel can quickly identify node anomalies through intuitive and visual early warning status, without the need for professional testing tools, significantly improving inspection efficiency. The overall structure operates stably and reliably, has a long service life, and can be repeatedly reset and reused, with low maintenance costs. It can effectively reduce the risk of missing hidden dangers in steel structure nodes, providing a practical and economical monitoring solution for structural safety operation and maintenance.

[0008] The invention is further configured such that the alarm mechanism includes a warning block one, which is welded to the top of a warning block two, a spring is sleeved on the surface of the warning block two, a slot is provided on the back of the fixed cylinder, an alarm sensor is provided at the bottom of the slot, and a pressure block two is bolted to the back of the warning block one, and the inside of the slot is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure block two.

[0009] The above technical solution employs an alarm mechanism. A spring is fitted onto the surface of the second warning block, providing pre-tightening support and buffering for the warning block assembly. This prevents minor disturbances from interfering with the warning function. Under normal operating conditions, the spring's elastic force keeps the first and second warning blocks in their initial positions. The pressure block two on the back of the first warning block maintains a safe distance from the alarm sensor, preventing alarm triggering. When the beam-column joint deformation drives the second warning block downwards, the first warning block simultaneously drives the pressure block two to slide vertically along the inner wall of the slot. When the joint deformation reaches a preset critical value, the pressure block two moves down to the bottom of the slot and presses against the alarm sensor, triggering an alarm signal. After the potential danger at the joint is eliminated, the spring rebounds, pushing the first and second warning blocks back to their original positions. The pressure block two separates from the alarm sensor, and the alarm is deactivated. This achieves a warning function based on joint deformation. The mechanically linked alarm system can trigger and reset alarms without external power, meeting the core requirements of prefabricated steel structure node monitoring. It effectively avoids false alarms under non-abnormal working conditions, resists interference from minor disturbances, ensures the accuracy of alarm triggering, and has real-time alarm monitoring capabilities. It can promptly capture the critical state of abnormal node deformation, making hidden danger detection more efficient. It is suitable for complex environments such as vibration and temperature differences at engineering sites, operates stably and reliably, and supports repeated reset. Maintenance and operation are simple, eliminating the need for frequent component replacement and reducing operation and maintenance costs. Through the dual protection of early warning and real-time alarm, it further enhances the safety and practicality of node monitoring, providing strong support for the long-term safe operation and maintenance of steel structure nodes, and meeting the standardized application requirements of prefabricated construction.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that sliders are bolted to both sides of the pressure block one, and sliding grooves are provided at the top of both sides of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the interior of the sliding grooves is slidably connected to the surface of the slider.

[0011] The above technical solution is adopted: by setting sliders and grooves, the movement of pressure block one can be limited.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a limiting ring is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the surface of the second warning block penetrates the interior of the limiting ring.

[0013] The above technical solution is adopted: by setting a limit ring, the downward movement position of the warning block can be limited.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the bottom of the surface of the second warning block is coated with red paint.

[0015] Using the above technical solution: By setting red paint, when the warning block two extends out of the bottom of the fixed cylinder, the pre-tightening mark can be directly observed, indicating that maintenance is required.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that a sealing ring is fitted onto the bottom of the surface of the pressure rod.

[0017] The above technical solution, by setting a sealing ring and using an interference fit, has a dynamic sealing function to prevent external rainwater and dust from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that the top and bottom of the spring are provided with washers, and the surface of the warning block two penetrates the interior of the washers and is sleeved thereon.

[0019] The above technical solution involves adding a shim to protect the spring and reduce spring wear.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a telescopic sleeve is fitted around the outside of the spring.

[0021] The above technical solution, by setting up a telescopic sleeve, can prevent external dust from entering the spring and affecting its working performance.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a beam is bolted to the top of the first connecting plate, and a column is bolted to the right side of the second connecting plate.

[0023] The above technical solution, by setting up beams and columns, facilitates system installation.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that a maintenance plate is rotatably connected to the front side of the fixed cylinder via a hinge.

[0025] The above technical solution allows for convenient maintenance of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder by setting up an inspection plate.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adapts to the stress monitoring needs of prefabricated steel structure beam-column joints, and uses mechanical transmission to achieve deformation early warning. It does not rely on electricity or intelligent components, adapts to the complex environment of the engineering site, and the early warning response is directly based on the transmission of beam deformation force. The triggering logic is clear and the response is timely. Inspection personnel can quickly identify node anomalies through intuitive and visual early warning status. No professional testing tools are required, which significantly improves inspection efficiency. The overall structure is stable and reliable, has a long service life, can be repeatedly reset and reused, and has low maintenance costs. It can effectively reduce the risk of missing hidden dangers in steel structure joints and provide a practical and economical monitoring solution for structural safety operation and maintenance. 2. This invention, by adapting to the core requirements of prefabricated steel structure node monitoring, can effectively avoid false warnings under non-abnormal working conditions, resist the interference of slight disturbances on the warning function, ensure the accuracy of warning triggering, and has real-time alarm monitoring capabilities. It can promptly capture the critical state of abnormal node deformation, making the discovery of hidden dangers more efficient. It is adaptable to complex environments such as vibration and temperature difference at engineering sites, operates stably and reliably, supports repeated reset and use, and is easy to maintain and operate without frequent component replacement, reducing operation and maintenance costs. Through the dual protection of early warning and real-time alarm, it further improves the safety and practicality of node monitoring, provides strong support for the long-term safe operation and maintenance of steel structure nodes, and adapts to the standardized application requirements of prefabricated construction. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial front sectional view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural left sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Connecting plate one; 2. Connecting plate two; 3. Pressure rod; 4. Movable joint; 5. Movable groove; 6. Pressure block one; 7. Pressure block two; 8. Fixed cylinder; 9. Warning block one; 10. Warning block two; 11. Limiting block; 12. Spring; 13. Slot; 14. Alarm sensor; 15. Slider; 16. Slide groove; 17. Limiting ring; 18. Red paint; 19. Sealing ring; 20. Gasket; 21. Telescopic sleeve; 22. Inspection plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4A prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system includes a connecting plate 1, a pressure rod 3 welded to the bottom of the connecting plate 1, a movable joint 4 fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod 3, a movable groove 5 movably sleeved on the surface of the movable joint 4, a pressure block 6 provided outside the movable groove 5, a fixed cylinder 8 slidably sleeved on the surface of the pressure block 6, a connecting plate 2 bolted to the right side of the fixed cylinder 8, an early warning block 10 provided at the bottom of the pressure block 6, a limit block 11 fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8, and the bottom of the surface of the early warning block 10 penetrates the interior of the limit block 11 and slidably sleeved, an alarm mechanism provided at the top of the early warning block 10, the connecting plate 11 is fixed to the beam of the prefabricated steel structure, and the connecting plate 2 is fixed to the column. The device precisely connects to the stress area of ​​the beam-column joint. When the joint deforms due to stress, the deformation force of the beam is synchronously transmitted to the connecting plate 1, which in turn drives the bottom pressure rod 3 to move. The pressure rod 3 flexibly adapts to the movable groove 5 through the movable joint 4 at the bottom, and smoothly transmits the displacement force to the pressure block 6. The fixed cylinder 8 provides a stable vertical sliding guide for the pressure block 6 to avoid offset and jamming. During the displacement process, the pressure block 6 drives the bottom warning block 10 to move downward synchronously. The limiting block 11 at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8 constrains the downward movement of the warning block 10. By observing whether the warning block 10 is exposed and the degree of exposure, the device can intuitively provide feedback on whether the joint deformation exceeds the allowable range, realizing pure mechanical transmission and visual warning of joint deformation.

[0031] refer to Figure 2 The two sides of the pressure block 6 are bolted with sliders 15. The top of both sides of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8 is provided with a sliding groove 16, and the inside of the sliding groove 16 is slidably connected to the surface of the slider 15. By setting the slider 15 and the sliding groove 16, the movement of the pressure block 6 can be limited.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 The bottom of the surface of the warning block 2 10 is painted with red paint 18. With the red paint 18, when the warning block 2 10 extends out of the bottom of the fixed cylinder 8, the pre-tightening mark can be seen directly, indicating that maintenance is required.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A sealing ring 19 is fitted onto the bottom of the surface of the pressure rod 3. By setting the sealing ring 19 and fitting it with an interference fit, it has a dynamic sealing function to prevent external rainwater and dust from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder 8. It is made of nitrile rubber.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The top of connecting plate 1 is bolted to a beam, and the right side of connecting plate 2 is bolted to a column. By setting up beams and columns, the system can be installed conveniently.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The front of the fixed cylinder 8 is connected to the inspection plate 22 by a hinge. By setting the inspection plate 22, the internal structure of the fixed cylinder 8 can be easily maintained.

[0036] Example 2: Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 A prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system includes an alarm mechanism comprising an early warning block 9, which is welded to the top of an early warning block 10. A spring 12 with a stiffness coefficient of 5-10 N / mm is fitted onto the surface of the early warning block 10. A slot 13 is provided on the back of a fixed cylinder 8, and an alarm sensor 14 is installed at the bottom of the slot 13. A pressure block 7 is bolted to the back of the early warning block 9, and the interior of the slot 13 is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure block 7. The spring 12 is fitted onto the surface of the early warning block 10, providing pre-tightening support and buffering for the early warning block assembly, resisting interference from minor disturbances on the early warning function. Under normal operating conditions, the elastic force of the spring 12 is... The warning blocks 9 and 2 are kept in their initial positions. The pressure block 7 on the back of the warning block 9 and the alarm sensor 14 are kept at a safe distance and the alarm is not triggered. When the deformation of the beam-column node drives the warning block 10 to move downward, the warning block 9 simultaneously drives the pressure block 7 to slide vertically along the inner wall of the slot 13. When the node deformation reaches the preset critical value, the pressure block 7 moves down to the bottom of the slot 13 and touches the alarm sensor 14, triggering the alarm signal. After the node hazard is eliminated, the spring 12 rebounds and pushes the warning blocks 9 and 2 to reset. The pressure block 7 separates from the alarm sensor 14, and the alarm state is released. This realizes a mechanical linkage alarm based on node deformation, which can complete the alarm triggering and reset without external energy.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 A limiting ring 17 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8, and the surface of the second warning block 10 penetrates the interior of the limiting ring 17. By setting the limiting ring 17, the downward movement position of the first warning block 9 can be limited.

[0038] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 The top and bottom of the spring 12 are provided with washers 20, and the surface of the warning block 2 10 penetrates the interior of the washers 20 and is sleeved thereon. By providing washers 20, the spring 12 can be protected and wear of the spring 12 can be reduced. The spring 12 is made of stainless steel.

[0039] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3The spring 12 is fitted with a telescopic sleeve 21. By setting the telescopic sleeve 21, external dust can be prevented from entering the interior of the spring 12 and affecting the working performance of the spring 12.

[0040] The alarm sensor 14, model OMROND4C-1220, is a mechanically pressure-based passive trigger that relies on the vertical displacement of pressure block 7 to trigger the signal. It requires no external power to drive the trigger action. The trigger threshold is strongly correlated with the preload of spring 12 and the critical value of node deformation. The trigger response time is ≤0.1s. The fully passive design eliminates the need for a power supply to the sensor itself. After triggering, an external passive warning component can be connected. This perfectly matches the patented architecture that does not rely on electricity or smart components, preventing warning failures due to power outages at the engineering site. Installation is via embedded fixing, such as slotting. The bottom has a pre-drilled threaded hole for bolt fixation. The contact end is aligned with the sliding path of the pressure block 7 to ensure accurate transmission of the contact action. The vibration-resistant, temperature-resistant, and dustproof shell has a protection rating of ≥IP65 and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 80℃. The internal contact component is made of wear-resistant metal material, which can withstand the mechanical wear caused by long-term vibration of the steel structure. The contact life is ≥1000 times. It supports dual early warning extension. In addition to triggering local passive warnings, it has a reserved mechanical contact interface for connecting a low-power wireless transmission module to achieve remote transmission of warning signals without damaging the overall passive architecture.

[0041] Brief description of usage: Connecting plate 1 is fixed to the beam of the prefabricated steel structure, and connecting plate 2 is fixed to the column, so that the device is precisely aligned with the stress area of ​​the beam-column joint. When the joint deforms due to stress, the deformation force of the beam is synchronously transmitted to connecting plate 1, which in turn drives the bottom pressure rod 3 to move. The pressure rod 3 flexibly adapts to the movable joint 4 and movable groove 5 at the bottom, and smoothly transmits the displacement force to pressure block 6. The fixed cylinder 8 provides a stable vertical sliding guide for pressure block 6 to avoid offset and jamming. During the displacement process, pressure block 6 drives the bottom warning block 10 to move downward synchronously. The limiting block 11 at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8 constrains the downward movement of warning block 10. By observing whether warning block 10 is exposed and the degree of exposure, the device can intuitively provide feedback on whether the joint deformation exceeds the allowable range, realizing pure mechanical transmission and visual warning of joint deformation. 12 sets of springs are included. The spring 12 is attached to the surface of the second warning block 10, providing pre-tightening support and buffering for the warning block assembly, resisting the interference of slight disturbances on the warning function. Under normal working conditions, the elastic force of the spring 12 keeps the first and second warning blocks 9 and 2 in their initial positions. The pressure block 7 on the back of the first warning block 9 and the alarm sensor 14 maintain a safe distance and do not trigger the alarm. When the deformation of the beam-column node drives the second warning block 10 to move downward, the first warning block 9 simultaneously drives the pressure block 7 to slide vertically along the inner wall of the slot 13. When the node deformation reaches the preset critical value, the pressure block 7 moves down to the bottom of the slot 13 and touches the alarm sensor 14, triggering the alarm signal. After the node hazard is eliminated, the spring 12 rebounds and pushes the first and second warning blocks 9 and 2 to reset. The pressure block 7 separates from the alarm sensor 14, and the alarm state is released. This realizes a mechanical linkage alarm based on node deformation, which can complete the alarm triggering and reset without external energy.

[0042] It should be noted that parts have a lifespan and can be replaced during regular maintenance when they no longer meet performance requirements. Deterioration in performance due to prolonged use of parts is not a design defect of this application.

[0043] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system, comprising a connecting plate (1), characterized in that: A pressure rod (3) is welded to the bottom of the connecting plate (1). A movable joint (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod (3). A movable groove (5) is movably sleeved on the surface of the movable joint (4). A pressure block (6) is provided outside the movable groove (5). A fixed cylinder (8) is slidably sleeved on the surface of the pressure block (6). A connecting plate (2) is bolted to the right side of the fixed cylinder (8). A warning block (10) is provided at the bottom of the pressure block (6). A limit block (11) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (8). The bottom of the surface of the warning block (10) penetrates the interior of the limit block (11) and is slidably sleeved. An alarm mechanism is provided at the top of the warning block (10).

2. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm mechanism includes a warning block one (9), which is welded to the top of a warning block two (10). A spring (12) is sleeved on the surface of the warning block two (10). A slot (13) is provided on the back of the fixed cylinder (8). An alarm sensor (14) is provided at the bottom inside the slot (13). A pressure block two (7) is bolted to the back of the warning block one (9), and the inside of the slot (13) is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure block two (7).

3. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the pressure block (6) are bolted to the slider (15), and the top of the two sides of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (8) is provided with a sliding groove (16), and the inside of the sliding groove (16) is slidably connected to the surface of the slider (15).

4. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (17) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (8), and the surface of the warning block two (10) penetrates the interior of the limiting ring (17).

5. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the surface of the warning block 2 (10) is painted with red paint (18).

6. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (19) is fitted onto the bottom of the surface of the pressure rod (3).

7. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring (12) is provided with a washer (20) at the top and bottom, and the surface of the warning block two (10) penetrates the interior of the washer (20) and is sleeved thereon.

8. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring (12) is fitted with a telescopic sleeve (21).

9. The prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A beam is bolted to the top of the first connecting plate (1), and a column is bolted to the right side of the second connecting plate (2).

10. A prefabricated steel structure node monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: By setting up the inspection plate (22), the internal structure of the fixed cylinder (8) can be easily maintained.

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