System and method for automotive communication device with voltage shift module

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for an automotive communication device having a voltage shift module. The automotive communication device includes a microcontroller for generating a microcontroller output signal and receiving a microcontroller input signal. The microcontroller output signal and the microcontroller input signal are respectively indicative of a voltage relative to a first ground potential. Further, the communication device comprises a bus transceiver for generating a bus signal dependent on the transceiver input signal dependent on the microcontroller output signal and for observing the bus signal to provide the transceiver output signal dependent on the bus signal. The transceiver input signal and the transceiver output signal are respectively indicative of a voltage relative to a second ground potential. In addition, the communication device includes a shift module. The invention also relates to a network system and a vehicle comprising the communication device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a communication device for automotive communication systems. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a communication device comprising a microcontroller and a bus transceiver to ensure reliable signal transmission and reception within an automotive network. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of automotive communication, it is common to utilize various communication devices to facilitate data exchange between different electronic control units (ECUs), sensors, and actuators within a vehicle. Known systems generally involve the use of a microcontroller and a bus transceiver to manage the transmission and reception of signals across a communication network, such as a Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus. These systems are designed to ensure reliable communication by converting and transmitting signals between components of a vehicle. However, the presence of multiple ground potentials in the electrical system of a vehicle can present significant challenges in maintaining signal integrity and ensuring accurate data transmission.

[0003] According to known methods, a bus transceiver is used to interface between a microcontroller and a communication bus, thereby translating signals of the microcontroller into appropriate bus signals and vice versa. These transceivers must account for potential differences in ground levels between the microcontroller and the bus, which can vary due to the complex electrical environment of a vehicle. Despite substantial progress in the field of automotive communication, existing systems often face issues related to ground potential differences, which can result in signal distortion, communication errors, and reduced overall system reliability. Furthermore, the need for various components within a communication device to operate at different voltage levels adds another layer of complexity to the design and implementation of these systems.

[0004] Despite substantial progress in the field of automotive communication, there remains a need for improved solutions that can effectively manage the challenges associated with ground potential differences and voltage level discrepancies. Current methods can involve complex circuitry and additional components to address these issues, which can increase the cost, size, and power consumption of a communication device.

[0005] For example, components used to overcome issues with ground potential differences and voltage level discrepancies are based on galvanic isolation of data interfaces consisting mainly of transformers, additional power rails, gate drivers, digital isolators, or dedicated PCB designs. Such components are often unsuitable in systems with high component density, as they are, for example, not sufficiently automotive certified. In part, such components correspond to bulky components that can be problematic during vibration tests. Furthermore, galvanic isolation can be solved by optical interfaces. However, such interfaces suffer from limitations, like the lack of automotive certified components or the deterioration of the ratio of optical coupler current transmission over time.

[0006] Additionally, the integration of multiple power sources within a vehicle's network system requires robust mechanisms to ensure consistent and accurate signal transmission across varying ground potentials and voltage levels. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a communication device for automotive communication that at least partially overcomes the drawbacks of known systems.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a communication device for automotive communication that overcomes one or more of the drawbacks of known systems.

[0009] According to the present disclosure, these objects are solved by the features of independent claim 1 according to the first aspect of the invention. Further advantageous aspects and embodiments result from the further claims and the description.

[0010] In particular, this object is solved by a communication device for automotive communication that integrates a microcontroller, a bus transceiver, and a shift module to manage signal integrity between different ground potentials. The microcontroller is responsible for generating output signals and receiving input signals, both of which are indicative of voltages with respect to a first ground potential. This arrangement ensures that the microcontroller can effectively process and generate signals within its designated voltage reference.

[0011] On the other hand, the bus transceiver generates bus signals based on input signals influenced by the output of the microcontroller and monitors the bus signals to provide output signals. These signals are referenced to a second ground potential, which is crucial for maintaining signal integrity in automotive environments where multiple ground potentials are common.

[0012] The shift module plays a critical role by detecting a potential difference between the first ground potential and the second ground potential. The potential difference corresponds to a voltage of the second ground potential with respect to the first ground potential. The shift module adjusts the potential of the output signals of the microcontroller based on this detected potential difference to produce the input signals of the transceiver, and similarly shifts the potential of the output signals of the transceiver to generate the input signals of the microcontroller. This shifting mechanism can help extend the operational reliability of the communication device by ensuring that signals are accurately referenced to their respective ground potentials, thereby reducing issues related to ground potential differences.

[0013] The design aims to address challenges such as signal distortion and loss of data integrity that can arise from ground potential differences in automotive systems. By incorporating these components in a structured manner, the communication device can provide a means for more accurate and reliable automotive communication, ensuring robust performance even in electrically noisy environments.

[0014] According to an embodiment, a communication device for automotive communication comprises a shift module comprising a first amplifier configured as a non-inverting summing amplifier. The first amplifier is arranged to output a transceiver input signal based on a first ground potential, a second ground potential and a microcontroller output signal supplied to the first amplifier. The first amplifier as a non-inverting summing amplifier includes enhancing the accuracy and stability of the signal conversion process between the microcontroller and the bus transceiver.

[0015] Preferably, the first amplifier is wired such that it receives at its input at least the microcontroller output signal, increases the potential of the microcontroller output signal by the difference, in particular the amount of the difference, between the first ground potential and the second ground potential, and outputs it as the transceiver input signal.

[0016] By processing the potentials of the first ground potential, the second ground potential and the microcontroller output signal, the first amplifier ensures that the transceiver input signal accurately reflects the voltage levels necessary for proper communication, thereby improving the overall reliability and performance of the communication device.

[0017] Further, the shift module also comprises a second amplifier configured as a differential amplifier. This second amplifier is arranged to output a microcontroller input signal based on the first ground potential, the second ground potential and a transceiver output signal. The differential amplifier configuration of the second amplifier is particularly beneficial for detecting and compensating any potential difference between the first ground potential and the second ground potential. By comparing the voltage from these ground potentials and the transceiver output signal, the second amplifier is able to accurately shift the potential of the transceiver output signal to match the microcontroller input signal. This ensures that any discrepancies due to ground potential differences are effectively reduced, thereby maintaining the integrity of the signals being transmitted.

[0018] Preferably, the second amplifier is wired such that it receives at its input the transceiver output signal, decreases the potential of the transceiver output signal by the difference, in particular the amount of the difference, between the first ground potential and the second ground potential, and outputs it as the microcontroller input signal.

[0019] The combination of the non-inverting summing amplifier and the differential amplifier within the shift module provides a robust mechanism for managing potential shifting and potential differences, thereby ensuring seamless communication between the microcontroller and the bus transceiver. This embodiment significantly enhances the device's ability to handle varying ground potentials, which is crucial in automotive environments where electrical noise and ground potential variations are common. The precise and reliable signal conversion facilitated by these amplifiers ensures that the communication device operates effectively, thereby maintaining accurate and stable communication within the automotive system.

[0020] According to another embodiment, the communication device for automotive communication is designated as a LIN interface, which brings significant enhancements in terms of standardization and compatibility with the Local Interconnect Network (LIN) protocol commonly used in automotive applications.

[0021] The present specification ensures that the communication device adheres to the LIN protocol standard, which facilitates seamless integration with other LIN-compatible devices and systems within the communication network of a vehicle. The LIN interface feature implies that the microcontroller, bus transceiver, and shift module are all configured to operate in accordance with the LIN protocol, thereby ensuring reliable and efficient communication across the automotive network. Furthermore, the bus transceiver is designated as a LIN transceiver, which further refines the communication capabilities of the device by ensuring that the transceiver is optimized for LIN communication. The LIN transceiver is designed to handle specific voltage levels, timing requirements, and data formats associated with LIN communication, thereby enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the communication device. The ability of the LIN transceiver to generate bus signals based on transceiver input signals and observe bus signals to provide transceiver output signals is particularly critical in maintaining the integrity and accuracy of data transmission within the LIN network.

[0022] Additionally, the role of the shift module in detecting the potential difference between the first ground potential and the second ground potential and adjusting the potential of the microcontroller output signal and the transceiver output signal accordingly is crucial in ensuring that the LIN transceiver operates correctly despite any potential ground offset issues. This feature is particularly important in the automotive environment where ground potentials can vary due to the complex electrical systems of a vehicle. By incorporating the LIN interface and LIN transceiver, the communication device not only meets the specific requirements of the LIN protocol but also enhances the robustness and reliability of the automotive communication system. This embodiment ensures that the communication device can effectively manage the unique challenges associated with automotive communication, such as ground potential differences and the need for standardized communication protocols, thereby providing a highly reliable and efficient solution for automotive communication networks.

[0023] According to another embodiment, the microcontroller is arranged to be powered by a microcontroller operating voltage, which is specifically designated to be between 4.5 volts and 5.5 volts, preferably 5 volts. This microcontroller operating voltage is provided in dependence on a first ground potential corresponding to a first negative pole of a first battery. The inclusion of the designated microcontroller operating voltage ensures that the microcontroller receives a stable and consistent power supply, which is crucial for reliable performance in automotive communication systems. The first ground potential serves as a reference point for the microcontroller operating voltage, thereby ensuring that the voltage level is accurately maintained with respect to this ground potential.

[0024] Furthermore, the microcontroller operating voltage is provided depending on a second operating potential corresponding to a second positive pole of the second battery. Preferably, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series to more preferably provide a system voltage of 24 volts nominal voltage according to ISO 16750-2.

[0025] The second operating potential is preferably regulated to provide the microcontroller operating potential, which ensures that the voltage supplied to the microcontroller is stable and within a specified range. This regulation is crucial to protect the microcontroller from voltage fluctuations that can potentially cause malfunctions or damage. By incorporating these features, the communication device ensures that the microcontroller operates within its optimal voltage range, thereby enhancing the overall reliability and performance of the device.

[0026] The specific mechanisms of communication between the components include the provision of a stable microcontroller operating voltage, the use of the first ground potential as a reference, and the regulation of the second operating potential. These mechanisms work together to ensure that the microcontroller receives a consistent and stable power supply, which is crucial for the reliable generation and reception of microcontroller output and input signals. This further embodiment enhances the robustness of the communication device, making it more suitable for the demanding environment of automotive communication systems where reliability and stability are of utmost importance.

[0027] According to another embodiment, the bus transceiver operates with a bus transceiver operating voltage, which is specifically designated to be an operating voltage in the range of 10 volts to 14 volts, preferably 12 volts, preferably to ensure the implementation of the electrical physical layer and the logical abstraction level of LIN according to ISO 17987-4. This operating voltage is provided depending on a second ground potential corresponding to a second negative pole of the second battery. Additionally, the second operating potential corresponds to a second positive pole of the second battery. The inclusion of these features ensures that the bus transceiver operates within a stable and optimal voltage range, which is crucial for maintaining reliable communication within automotive systems. The designation of an operating voltage range of between 10 volts and 14 volts, and more preferably 12 volts, aligns with common automotive electrical systems, thereby enhancing compatibility and reducing the likelihood of voltage-related issues. By providing the operating voltage depending on the second ground potential, the system ensures that the bus transceiver correctly references the appropriate ground, which is crucial for accurate signal transmission and reception.

[0028] The correspondence of the second operating potential to the second positive pole of the second battery and the correspondence of the second ground potential to the second negative pole of the second battery further ensure that the bus transceiver is correctly and consistently powered, particularly with respect to devices (like sensors) powered by the voltage of the second ground potential and the second operating potential through the second battery connected to the bus transceiver via the bus. This configuration not only stabilizes the operation of the bus transceiver but also mitigates potential discrepancies that can arise from ground potential differences. Overall, these features contribute to a more robust and reliable communication device by ensuring that the bus transceiver operates within a defined and stable voltage range, correctly references the appropriate ground potential, and is powered in a manner that aligns with standard automotive electrical systems according to the ISO 16750-2 standard and requirements for standard LIN communication. This enhances the overall performance and reliability of the communication device, making it better suited for the demanding environment of automotive applications.

[0029] According to another embodiment, the communication device for automotive communication comprises a DC-to-DC converter, specifically a low-dropout regulator (LDO), provided to regulate the voltage supplied by the second ground potential and the second operating potential to a shift module operating voltage. This mechanism ensures that the voltage level is appropriately managed and stabilized, which is crucial for the reliable operation of the shift module. The inclusion of a DC-to-DC converter, particularly an LDO, enhances the device's ability to maintain consistent voltage levels, thereby improving the overall stability and performance of the communication system. The shift module operating voltage is specified to be between 4.5 volts and 5.5 volts, with a preferred value of 5 volts. This specific voltage range is crucial as it ensures that the shift module operates within its optimal parameters, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the voltage shifting process.

[0030] The precise regulation of the shift module operating voltage by the DC-to-DC converter is crucial for maintaining the integrity of signals being processed and transmitted between the microcontroller and the bus transceiver. Furthermore, the shift module operating voltage is preferably defined as the voltage between the second ground potential and the shift module potential.

[0031] By maintaining a consistent shift module operating voltage, the communication device is able to effectively manage potential discrepancies and ensure seamless communication between the microcontroller and the bus transceiver. Integrating these features into the communication device enhances its robustness and reliability, making it well-suited for the demanding environment of automotive communication.

[0032] The regulated voltage provided by the DC-to-DC converter ensures that the shift module is able to perform its function of detecting potential differences and shifting potentials with high precision, thereby maintaining the integrity of communication signals. This embodiment highlights the importance of voltage regulation and stabilization in the design of advanced automotive communication devices, ensuring that they can reliably operate under varying conditions and provide consistent performance.

[0033] Furthermore, the present application relates to a network system according to the second aspect. The network system comprises a communication device for automotive communication according to the first aspect.

[0034] The network system further comprises a first battery (preferably a 12V battery) and a second battery (preferably a 12V battery). A 24-volt system voltage can be achieved with the standardized two (i.e. first and second) 12V batteries.

[0035] According to an embodiment, the first ground potential is a first negative pole of the first battery and the second ground potential is a second negative pole of the second battery. This embodiment introduces a more explicit and practical implementation of ground potentials within the network system. By explicitly specifying the first ground potential as the first negative pole of the first battery, it ensures that the output and input signals of the microcontroller are referenced to a stable and consistent ground potential, which is crucial for accurate signal generation and reception. Similarly, defining the second ground potential as the second negative pole of the second battery ensures that the input and output signals of the bus transceiver are also referenced to a stable and consistent ground potential.

[0036] This dual-battery configuration can be particularly advantageous in automotive applications where different subsystems can operate on separate power sources, thereby requiring a reliable method to manage the potential difference between these subsystems. The role of the shift module becomes even more critical in this context, as it must accurately detect and compensate for the potential difference between two completely different ground potentials. This ensures that the potential of the microcontroller output signal is appropriately shifted to produce the transceiver input signal, and similarly, the potential of the transceiver output signal is shifted to produce the microcontroller input signal. The introduction of these specific ground potentials enhances the robustness of the communication device by mitigating issues related to ground loops and potential differences that can arise in complex automotive electrical systems. Furthermore, this configuration can improve the overall reliability and performance of the communication device by ensuring signal integrity is maintained across different subsystems powered by separate batteries.

[0037] According to another embodiment, a communication device for automotive communication is integrated into a network system comprising a first battery and a second battery, wherein a first operating potential of the first battery is connected to a second negative pole of the second battery. This configuration introduces a dual-battery system that enhances the robustness and reliability of the communication device.

[0038] By connecting the first operating potential of the first battery to the second negative pole of the second battery, the system ensures that the communication device can operate effectively even in scenarios where there are variations in ground potentials. This dual-battery setup provides a stable and consistent power supply, thereby reducing the likelihood of communication errors caused by voltage fluctuations. Additionally, this configuration can help isolate different parts of the automotive communication system, thereby minimizing the risk of interference and ensuring more reliable data transmission.

[0039] According to another embodiment, the communication device for automotive communication is integrated into a network system comprising a bus that serves as the key communication pathway for transmitting signals between various components within the automotive environment. The inclusion of the bus facilitates seamless exchange of data, thereby ensuring that the microcontroller and bus transceiver are able to effectively communicate with other devices connected to the network. The bus in this embodiment is preferably identified as a LIN bus, which stands for Local Interconnect Network. The LIN bus is a widely recognized standard in the automotive industry, renowned for its cost-effectiveness and simplicity in facilitating communication between sensors, actuators, and other control devices within a vehicle.

[0040] By designating the bus as a LIN bus, the embodiment ensures compatibility with existing automotive communication protocols, thereby enhancing the utility of the device and ease of integration into current vehicle systems. Furthermore, the communication device is directly connected to the bus, thereby establishing a direct communication line that allows for real-time data exchange and signal processing. This direct connection ensures that the microcontroller is able to generate and receive signals that are accurately interpreted and acted upon by the bus transceiver, which in turn communicates with other networked components via the LIN bus.

[0041] According to another embodiment, the communication device of the network system is designated as the master node within the network system. This designation as the master node introduces a hierarchy to the network, where the master node plays a central role in managing and coordinating communication between individual nodes. The master node is responsible for initiating communication sequences, managing data flow, and ensuring synchronization across the network. This hierarchy enhances the efficiency and reliability of the communication system by centralizing control and reducing the likelihood of data collisions and communication errors. The master node's ability to manage the network also allows for more complex communication protocols and error handling mechanisms, thereby improving the overall performance and robustness of the automotive communication system.

[0042] According to another embodiment, the network system includes at least one communication node that serves as a sensor and / or slave node connected to the bus. This extension of the network system introduces a more complex and versatile communication architecture, thereby enhancing the overall functionality and adaptability of the system. The inclusion of at least one communication node, which can be a sensor or a slave node, allows for the implementation of the collection and transmission of additional data points, thereby enriching the pool of data available for processing and decision-making within the automotive communication network. The sensor, as a communication node, is able to detect various parameters such as temperature, pressure, or speed, and transmit this data to the microcontroller via the bus. This data is then processed by the microcontroller to generate appropriate output signals, which are subsequently managed by the bus transceiver and shift module to maintain accurate communication despite potential differences in electrical potential between ground connections.

[0043] On the other hand, slave nodes are able to perform specific tasks as directed by the microcontroller, such as actuating components or relaying information from one part of the network to another. Communication between these components is facilitated through the bus, which acts as a conduit for signals generated by the microcontroller and processed by the bus transceiver. The shift module plays a key role in ensuring the integrity of these signals by adjusting their potential based on the detected potential difference, thereby maintaining reliable communication across the network. This interconnection system allows for a more dynamic and responsive automotive communication network, capable of adapting to various operating conditions and requirements.

[0044] According to another embodiment, the communication node is a sensor and / or slave node of a battery management system (BMS) connected to the second negative and positive poles and arranged to monitor the second battery, wherein the communication node is preferably powered by the second battery. Despite the communication node having a different reference potential from the rest of the system, standardized communication with the communication node can be made.

[0045] According to another embodiment, the system comprises a second communication node being a sensor and / or slave node of a second battery management system (BMS) connected to the first negative and positive poles. The second battery management system is arranged to monitor the second battery. The second communication node is connected to another bus transceiver than the bus transceiver. The second communication node is connected to the bus transceiver via another bus than the bus described above, to enable communication between the communication node and the bus transceiver. The second communication node is preferably powered by the first battery.

[0046] Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle according to the third aspect. The vehicle incorporates a communication device for automotive communication according to the first aspect or a network system according to the second aspect.

[0047] Furthermore, the invention encompasses a method for automotive communication in a vehicle according to the fourth aspect, which introduces several specific mechanisms for communication between components and enhances the functionality of the communication device.

[0048] The method includes steps performed by the communication device according to the first aspect. The first step involves detecting a potential difference between the first ground potential and the second ground potential. This detection is crucial as it allows the system to identify differences in ground levels that can impact signal integrity and communication reliability. The second step involves shifting the potential of the microcontroller output signal based on the detected potential difference to produce the transceiver input signal. This shifting mechanism ensures that the signals generated by the microcontroller are suitably adjusted to account for any ground potential differences, thereby maintaining the accuracy and consistency of the signals as they are transmitted to the bus transceiver. The third step involves shifting the potential of the transceiver output signal based again on the detected potential difference to produce the microcontroller input signal. This step ensures that the signals observed by the bus transceiver and subsequently provided as output are correctly adjusted before being fed back into the microcontroller.

[0049] By incorporating these steps, the method enhances the robustness of the communication device by ensuring that all signals are accurately adjusted for any ground potential differences, thereby enhancing the overall reliability and performance of the automotive communication system. This method not only addresses potential issues related to ground potential differences but also ensures seamless communication between the microcontroller and the bus transceiver, thereby enhancing the device's ability to effectively manage and process signals within the automotive environment. The introduction of these steps provides a systematic approach to managing potential differences, thereby ensuring that the communication device operates efficiently and reliably under varying ground potential conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] The present disclosure will be explained in greater detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0051] Figure 1 An embodiment of a network system including various components including a microcontroller, a bus transceiver, a shifting module, a battery, and a bus is shown;

[0052] Figure 2 An embodiment of a shifting module having a first amplifier configured as a non-inverting summing amplifier is shown;

[0053] Figure 3 An embodiment of a shifting module having a second amplifier configured as a differential amplifier is shown; and

[0054] Figure 4 An embodiment of the steps of the method is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Figure 1An embodiment of a communication device 10 for automotive communication is illustrated. The communication device comprises a microcontroller 12 which generates a microcontroller output signal 14 and receives a microcontroller input signal 16. These signals indicate voltages 18a and 18b with respect to a first ground potential 20. A bus transceiver 22 generates bus signals 24 based on a transceiver input signal 26 which depends on the microcontroller output signal 14. The bus transceiver 22 also observes the bus signals 24 to provide a transceiver output signal 28 which indicates voltages 30a and 30b with respect to a second ground potential 32.

[0056] A shift module 34 detects a potential difference 36 between the first ground potential 20 and the second ground potential 32. The potential difference 36 corresponds to the voltage 36 of the second ground potential 32 with respect to the first ground potential 20. The shift module 34 shifts a potential 38 of the microcontroller output signal 14 based on the detected potential difference 36 to output the transceiver input signal 26. Similarly, it shifts a potential 40 of the transceiver output signal 28 based on the detected potential difference 36 to output the microcontroller input signal 16.

[0057] Thus, the microcontroller 12 is arranged to provide a message to a communication node connected to the bus. The message is output as the microcontroller output signal 14 which is preferably a digital signal, more preferably a binary digital signal, which preferably encodes the message or data by alternating low and high levels of the potential with respect to the first ground potential 20 and thus of the voltage 18b. The microcontroller output signal 14 is modified by the shift module 34. The modification comprises shifting the low and high levels of the potential of the microcontroller output signal 14, e.g. by adding a potential corresponding to the potential difference 36. The modified signal will be output as the transceiver input signal 26. The bus transceiver 22 outputs the message as a bus message on the connected bus.

[0058] Preferably, the bus transceiver 22 is in a sleep mode when no communication is performed on the bus. However, in order to wake up the bus transceiver 22 from the sleep mode when the microcontroller intends to send a message, a microcontroller output enable signal 13 is further provided by the microcontroller. The potential of the microcontroller output enable signal 13 is modified by the shift module 34 in the same way as the microcontroller output signal 14 and output from the shift module 34 as a transceiver enable signal 25 to the bus transceiver 22 to wake up the bus transceiver 22 from the sleep mode.

[0059] Furthermore, the microcontroller 12 is arranged to receive a message from a communication node connected to the bus. The message is input into the microcontroller 12 as a microcontroller input signal 16, which is preferably a digital signal, more preferably a binary digital signal, which preferably encodes the message by alternating low and high levels of the potential with respect to the first ground potential 20 and thus of the voltage 18a. The microcontroller input signal 16 is provided by the shift module 34 after modifying the transceiver output signal 28 provided by the bus transceiver 22. The modification comprises shifting the low and high levels of the potential of the transceiver output signal 28, for example by subtracting a potential corresponding to the potential difference 36. The modified signal will be output as the microcontroller input signal 16 to the microcontroller.

[0060] When receiving a message from the bus in the form of the bus signal 24, the bus transceiver 22 provides the transceiver output signal 28. Preferably, the bus transceiver 22 is thus also woken up from the sleep mode when receiving a message from the bus. In such a case, the bus transceiver 22 preferably outputs a bus transceiver wait output signal 29 before providing the transceiver output signal 28. The bus transceiver wait output signal 29 is modified, i.e. shifted, by the shift module 34 preferably in the same way as the transceiver output signal 28 and output as a microcontroller wait signal 17 to the microcontroller 12. The microcontroller wait signal 17 is able to wake up the microcontroller 12, if in the sleep mode, and / or to bring the microcontroller into a wait state to prevent the microcontroller 12 from outputting a new message in the form of the microcontroller output signal 14 to be transmitted on the bus, thus avoiding a collision on the bus.

[0061] The microcontroller 12 is powered by a microcontroller operating voltage 46, which is typically between 4.5 and 5.5 volts, preferably 5 volts, provided in dependence on the first ground potential 20 corresponding to the first negative pole 48 of the first battery 50 and the first operating potential 52 corresponding to the second positive pole 64 of the second battery 60.

[0062] The bus transceiver 22 is operated with a bus transceiver operating voltage 56, which is typically between 8 and 14 volts, preferably 12 volts, provided in dependence on the second ground potential 32 corresponding to the second negative pole 58 of the second battery 60 and the second operating potential 62 corresponding to the second positive pole 64 of the second battery 60.

[0063] The DC-to-DC converter 66, in particular the low-dropout regulator LDO 68, adjusts the voltage 56 provided by the second ground potential 32 and the second operating potential 62 to a shift module operating voltage 70, which is typically between 4 and 6 volts, preferably 5 volts, corresponding to the voltage between the second ground potential 32 and the shift module operating potential 71.

[0064] The communication device 10 can be a LIN interface 42, wherein the bus transceiver 22 is a LIN transceiver 44. The communication device 10 is part of a network system 90, as shown in Figure 1 The network system 90 comprises the communication device 10, a first battery 50 and a second battery 60. The first ground potential 20 is a first negative pole 48 of the first battery 50 and the second ground potential 32 is a second negative pole 58 of the second battery 60. A first operating potential 52 of the first battery 50 is connected to the second negative pole 58 of the second battery 60.

[0065] The network system 90 further comprises a bus 92, in particular a LIN bus 94, to which the communication device 10 is connected. The communication device is for example a master node 96. However, depending on the configuration, in particular depending on an upper pull resistor according to another embodiment, which is not shown, the communication device can also be a slave node. Additionally, the network system 90 comprises at least one communication node 98, which can be a sensor 100 and / or a slave node 102 connected to the bus 92. The communication node 98 operates with the voltage 56 derived from the second battery 60. The communication node 98 is a sensor 100 and / or a slave node 102 of a battery management system BMS, which is connected to the second negative pole 58 and the second positive pole 64 and is arranged to monitor the second battery 60. For a better overview, the connection between the communication node 98 and the second battery 60 is not shown in Figure 1

[0066] Figure 2 The shift module 34 is detailed, which comprises a first amplifier 76 configured as a non-inverting summing amplifier. The first amplifier 76 outputs the transceiver input signal 26 based on the first ground potential 20, the second ground potential 32 and the microcontroller output signal 14 supplied to the first amplifier 76.

[0067] Figure 3 A second amplifier 80 configured as a differential amplifier 82 is shown. The second amplifier 80 outputs the microcontroller input signal 16 based on the first ground potential 20, the second ground potential 32 and the transceiver output signal 28.

[0068] Figure 4 Steps of a method 110 according to an embodiment are shown. In step 112, a potential difference between the first ground potential and the second ground potential is detected. Further, according to the method, in step 114, a potential of a microcontroller output signal is shifted depending on the detected potential difference to output a transceiver input signal. In step 116, a potential of a transceiver output signal is shifted depending on the detected potential difference to output a microcontroller input signal.

[0069] List of reference signs (part of the description)

[0070] 12 microcontroller​

[0071] 13 microcontroller output enable signal

[0072] 14 microcontroller output signal

[0073] 16 microcontroller input signal

[0074] 17 microcontroller wait signal

[0075] 18a, 18b voltage

[0076] 20 first ground potential

[0077] 22 bus transceiver

[0078] 24 bus signal

[0079] 25 transceiver enable signal

[0080] 26 transceiver input signal

[0081] 28 transceiver output signal

[0082] 29 transceiver wait output signal

[0083] 30a, 30b voltage

[0084] 32 second ground potential

[0085] 34 shift module

[0086] 36 potential difference

[0087] 38 potential of the microcontroller output signal

[0088] 40 potential of the transceiver output signal

[0089] 42 LIN interface

[0090] 44 LIN transceiver

[0091] 46 microcontroller operating voltage

[0092] 47 microcontroller operating potential

[0093] 48 first negative pole

[0094] 50 first battery

[0095] 52 first operating potential

[0096] 54 first positive pole

[0097] 56 bus transceiver operating voltage

[0098] 58 second negative pole

[0099] 60 second battery

[0100] 62 second operating potential

[0101] 64 second positive electrode

[0102] 66 DC-to-DC converter

[0103] 68 low-dropout regulator

[0104] 70 shift module operating voltage

[0105] 71 shift module potential

[0106] 76 first amplifier

[0107] 78 non-inverting summing amplifier

[0108] 80 second amplifier

[0109] 82 differential amplifier

[0110] 90 network system

[0111] 92 bus

[0112] 94 LIN bus

[0113] 96 master node

[0114] 98 communication node

[0115] 100 sensor

[0116] 102 slave node

[0117] BMS battery management system

[0118] 110 method

[0119] 112-116 method steps

Claims

1. A communication device (10) for automotive communication, the communication device comprising: - Microcontroller (12), which generates microcontroller output signal (14) and receives microcontroller input signal (16). The microcontroller output signal and the microcontroller input signal respectively indicate the voltages (18a, 18b) relative to the first ground potential (20). - Bus transceiver (22), which is used to generate a bus signal (24) depending on the transceiver input signal (26) that depends on the microcontroller output signal (14) and to observe the bus signal (24) in order to provide a transceiver output signal (28) depending on the bus signal (24). The transceiver input signal (26) and the transceiver output signal (28) respectively indicate the voltages (30a, 30b) relative to the second ground potential (32). - A shift module (34) is configured to detect the potential difference (36) between the first ground potential (20) and the second ground potential (32) so as to shift the potential (38) of the microcontroller output signal to output the transceiver input signal (26) depending on the detected potential difference (36), and to shift the potential (40) of the transceiver output signal (28) to output the microcontroller input signal (16) depending on the detected potential difference (36).

2. The communication device (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The shifting module includes: A first amplifier (76) configured as a non-inverting summing amplifier (78), wherein the first amplifier (76) is arranged to output the transceiver input signal (26) depending on the first ground potential (20), the second ground potential (32) supplied to the first amplifier (76), and the microcontroller output signal (14); and A second amplifier (80) configured as a differential amplifier (82) is arranged to output the microcontroller input signal (16) depending on the first ground potential (20), the second ground potential (32) and the transceiver output signal (28).

3. The communication device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The communication device (10) is a LIN interface (42) and the bus transceiver (22) is a LIN transceiver (44).

4. The communication device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The microcontroller (12) is arranged to be powered by a microcontroller operating voltage (46) that is particularly between 4.5 volts and 5.5 volts, preferably 5 volts, depending on the first ground potential (20) corresponding to the first negative terminal (48) of the first battery (50) and the second operating potential (62) corresponding to the second positive terminal (64) of the second battery (60), wherein the second operating potential (62) is preferably regulated to provide the microcontroller operating potential (47).

5. The communication device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The bus transceiver (22) operates using a bus transceiver operating voltage (56) that is particularly between 8 volts and 14 volts, preferably 12 volts, provided depending on the second ground potential (32) corresponding to the second negative terminal (58) of the second battery (60) and the second operating potential (62).

6. The communication device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, A DC-to-DC converter (66), particularly a low-dropout regulator (LDO) (68), is provided to regulate the voltage (56) provided by the second ground potential (32) and the second operating potential (62) to a shift module operating voltage (70) that preferably corresponds to the voltage (70) between the second ground potential (32) and the shift module potential (71), particularly between 4 volts and 6 volts, preferably 5 volts.

7. A network system (90) comprising a communication device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, a first battery (50), and a second battery (60).

8. The network system (90) according to claim 7, wherein, The first ground potential (20) is the first negative terminal (48) of the first battery (50) and the second ground potential (32) is the second negative terminal (58) of the second battery (60).

9. The network system (90) according to any one of claims 7 to 8, further comprising a bus (92), particularly a LIN bus (94), wherein, The communication device (10) is connected to the bus (92).

10. The network system (90) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein, The communication device is the master node (96).

11. The network system (90) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, the network system further comprising at least one communication node (98) as a sensor (100) and / or slave node (102) connected to the bus (92).

12. The network system (90) according to claim 11, wherein, The communication node (98) is a sensor (100) and / or slave node (102) of a battery management system (BMS), which is connected to the second negative terminal (58) and the second positive terminal (64) and is arranged to monitor the second battery (60).

13. The network system (90) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The network system includes a second communication node (98) serving as a sensor (100) and / or a slave node (102) of a second battery management system (BMS), the second battery management system (BMS) being connected to a first negative terminal (48) and a first positive terminal (54) and being arranged to monitor the second battery (50), wherein the second communication node is connected to a separate bus transceiver from the bus transceiver (22).

14. A vehicle comprising a communication device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a network system (90) according to any one of claims 10 to 13.

15. A method (110) for vehicle communication in a vehicle, the method comprising steps performed by a communication device according to any one of the preceding claims: - Detect the potential difference between the first grounding potential and the second grounding potential; - The microcontroller output signal is electrically shifted based on the detected potential difference to output the transceiver input signal; and - The transceiver output signal is electrically shifted based on the detected potential difference to output the microcontroller input signal.

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