Active matrix organic electroluminescent display

Abstract

Disclosed is an active matrix organic electroluminescent display comprising a plurality of pixels, each pixel comprising at least one organic electroluminescent device, at least two pixels sharing a common first organic layer comprising at least a first organic material and a second organic material satisfying a specific energy level relationship, the common first organic layer has a specific high doping ratio and a specific low unit doping lateral conductivity. The energy level difference, the doping proportion and the unit doping transverse conductivity of the materials in the common first organic layer are optimized and adjusted, so that the device can maintain the comprehensive advantages of low voltage and high efficiency, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the common first organic layer has the low unit doping transverse conductivity, the performance of the device is improved. It is ensured that the hole transverse migration amount is at a low level, transverse crosstalk between pixels in a display can be remarkably inhibited, and the method has obvious advantages in commercial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an active-matrix organic electroluminescent display. More particularly, it relates to an active-matrix organic electroluminescent display having a specific device structure. Background Technology

[0002] Organic electronic devices include, but are not limited to, the following types: organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistors (O-FETs), organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs), organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photosensors, organic field-effect devices (OFQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), organic laser diodes, and organic electroluminescent devices.

[0003] In 1987, Tang and Van Slyke of Eastman Kodak reported a bilayer organic electroluminescent device comprising an arylamine hole transport layer and a tri-8-hydroxyquinoline-aluminum layer as both an electron transport and luminescent layer (Applied Physics Letters, 1987, 51(12): 913-915). Once a bias voltage was applied to the device, green light was emitted. This invention laid the foundation for the development of modern organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). State-of-the-art OLEDs can include multiple layers, such as charge injection and transport layers, charge and exciton blocking layers, and one or more luminescent layers between the cathode and anode. Because OLEDs are self-emissive solid-state devices, they offer enormous potential for display and lighting applications. Furthermore, the inherent properties of organic materials, such as their flexibility, make them well-suited for specialized applications, such as in the fabrication of flexible substrates.

[0004] OLEDs can be categorized into three different types based on their light-emitting mechanism. The OLED invented by Tang and van Slyke is a fluorescent OLED. It uses only singlet state emission. The triplet state generated in the device is wasted through non-radiative decay channels. Therefore, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of fluorescent OLEDs is only 25%. This limitation hindered the commercialization of OLEDs. In 1997, Forrest and Thompson reported phosphorescent OLEDs, which use triplet emission from complexed heavy metals as the emitter. Therefore, both singlet and triplet states can be harvested, achieving 100% IQE. Due to its high efficiency, the discovery and development of phosphorescent OLEDs directly contributed to the commercialization of active-matrix OLEDs (AMOLEDs). More recently, Adachi achieved high efficiency through thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) of organic compounds. These emitters have small singlet-triple state gaps, making it possible for excitons to return from the triplet state to the singlet state. In TADF devices, triplet excitons can generate singlet excitons through reverse intersystem crossing, resulting in high IQE.

[0005] OLEDs can also be classified into small-molecule OLEDs and polymer OLEDs based on the form of the materials used. Small molecules refer to any organic or organometallic material that is not a polymer. Small molecules can have large molecular weights, provided they have a precise structure. Dendritic polymers with well-defined structures are considered small molecules. Polymer OLEDs include conjugated polymers and non-conjugated polymers with side-chain luminescent groups. Small-molecule OLEDs can become polymer OLEDs if post-polymerization occurs during manufacturing.

[0006] Various OLED manufacturing methods exist. Small molecule OLEDs are typically manufactured via vacuum thermal evaporation. Polymer OLEDs are manufactured using solution methods, such as spin coating, inkjet printing, and nozzle printing. Small molecule OLEDs can also be manufactured using solution methods if the material can be dissolved or dispersed in a solvent.

[0007] The emission color of OLEDs can be achieved through the design of the luminescent material structure. OLEDs can include one or more luminescent layers to achieve the desired spectrum. Green, yellow, and red OLEDs using phosphorescent materials have been successfully commercialized. Blue phosphorescent devices still suffer from issues such as blue unsaturation, short device lifetime, and high operating voltage. Commercial full-color OLED displays typically employ a hybrid strategy, using blue fluorescence and phosphorescent yellow, or red and green. Currently, the rapid decrease in efficiency of phosphorescent OLEDs at high brightness remains a problem. Furthermore, a more saturated emission spectrum, higher efficiency, and longer device lifetime are desired.

[0008] In active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, different pixels typically share one or more common layers, such as a common hole injection layer or a common hole transport layer. Crosstalk between pixels is generally caused by the use of P-type conductive dopant in the common hole injection layer. Theoretically, increasing the doping ratio of P-type conductive dopant is more beneficial to improving device performance. However, an excessively high doping ratio of P-type conductive dopant will result in a large number of holes in the common hole injection layer. Once a large number of holes migrate laterally from one pixel to other pixels through the common hole injection layer, it will cause pixel or color crosstalk. This means that when a specific pixel is displayed, one or more surrounding pixels may also be lit, resulting in undesirable crosstalk and affecting the display effect. Therefore, how to suppress or even eliminate lateral crosstalk between pixels while ensuring excellent performance of each pixel, such as low voltage and high efficiency, is an important issue that the industry has been focusing on and researching. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention addresses at least some of the aforementioned problems by disclosing an active-matrix organic electroluminescent display. The display comprises multiple pixels, each pixel containing at least one organic electroluminescent device. At least two pixels share a common first organic layer. This common first organic layer comprises at least a first organic material and a second organic material satisfying a specific energy level relationship. Furthermore, the common first organic layer has a specific high doping ratio and a specific low unit-doped lateral conductivity. This invention optimizes and adjusts the energy level difference, doping ratio, and unit-doped lateral conductivity of the materials in the common first organic layer, enabling the device to maintain a combination of low voltage and high efficiency. Simultaneously, the low unit-doped lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer ensures that the lateral migration of holes remains low, significantly suppressing lateral crosstalk between pixels in the display, thus offering significant advantages for commercial applications.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an active matrix organic electroluminescent display is disclosed, which includes a plurality of pixels;

[0011] Each of the plurality of pixels contains at least one organic electroluminescent device;

[0012] The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode;

[0013] The organic layer includes at least a common first organic layer, which is shared by at least two pixels;

[0014] The common first organic layer comprises at least a first organic material and a second organic material;

[0015] The LUMO energy level of the first organic material is LUMO第一有机材料 The HOMO energy level of the second organic material is HOMO 第二有机材料 And -0.1eV <LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV;

[0016] The mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, and 5 ≤ A ≤ 15;

[0017] The transverse conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also disclosed, which includes the active-matrix organic electroluminescent display described in the above embodiments.

[0019] This invention discloses an active-matrix organic electroluminescent display with a specific device structure. The common first organic layer of this active-matrix organic electroluminescent display contains a first organic material and a second organic material with specific energy level differences and specific high doping ratios. This not only improves voltage and efficiency, resulting in excellent overall performance, but also ensures low lateral hole migration due to the low unit doping lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer. This significantly suppresses lateral crosstalk between pixels in the display, offering significant advantages for commercial applications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the organic light-emitting device 100.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another organic light-emitting device 200.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active matrix organic electroluminescent display of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crosstalk test device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] OLEDs can be manufactured on various substrates, such as glass, plastic, and metal. Figure 1An organic light-emitting device 100 is illustrated schematically and non-limitingly. Device 100 may include a substrate 101, an anode 110, a hole injection layer 120, a hole transport layer 130, an electron blocking layer 140, a light-emitting layer 150, a hole blocking layer 160, an electron transport layer 170, an electron injection layer 180, and a cathode 190. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, and some layer structures may be omitted as needed; for example, the hole blocking layer 160 may be omitted if necessary. Device 100 can be fabricated by sequentially depositing the described layers. The properties and functions of each layer, as well as exemplary materials, are described in more detail in columns 6-10 of U.S. Patent 7,279,704B2, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0025] Each of these layers has numerous examples. For instance, a flexible and transparent substrate-anode combination is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,844,363, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An example of a p-doped hole transport layer is m-MTDATA doped with F4-TCNQ at a molar ratio of 50:1, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An example of a host material is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,303,238 to Thompson et al., which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An example of an n-doped electron transport layer is BPhen doped with Li at a molar ratio of 1:1, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of cathodes are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,703,436 and 5,707,745, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. These cathodes comprise composite cathodes having a thin metal layer, such as Mg:Ag, overlaid with a transparent, conductive, sputter-deposited ITO layer. The principles and use of barrier layers are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 6,097,147 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which are also incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Examples of implantation layers are provided in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0174116, which is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A description of protective layers can be found in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0174116, which is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0026] The layered structure described above is provided through non-limiting embodiments. The functionality of an OLED can be achieved by combining the various layers described above, or some layers can be omitted entirely. It may also include other layers not explicitly described. Within each layer, a single material or a mixture of multiple materials can be used to achieve optimal performance. Any functional layer may include several sublayers. For example, a light-emitting layer may have two different light-emitting materials to achieve a desired emission spectrum.

[0027] In one embodiment, an OLED can be described as having an "organic layer" disposed between a cathode and an anode. This organic layer may include one or more layers.

[0028] OLEDs also require an encapsulation layer, such as Figure 2 A single-layer organic light-emitting device 200 is shown schematically and non-limitingly, which is related to... Figure 1 The difference lies in the fact that an encapsulation layer 102 may also be included above the cathode 190 to protect against harmful substances from the environment, such as moisture and oxygen. The "encapsulation layer" can be a thin-film encapsulation with a thickness of less than 100 micrometers, comprising one or more thin films directly deposited onto the device, or it can be a cover glass adhered to a substrate. Any material capable of providing encapsulation can be used as the encapsulation layer, such as glass or an organic-inorganic hybrid layer. The encapsulation layer should be placed directly or indirectly on the outside of the OLED device. Multilayer thin-film encapsulation is described in U.S. Patent 7,968,146B2, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0029] Active OLED displays manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention can be incorporated into various consumer products having one or more electronic component modules (or units) of the display. Some examples of such consumer products include flat panel displays, monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, head-up displays, fully or partially transparent displays, flexible displays, smartphones, tablet computers, phablets, wearable devices, smartwatches, laptop computers, digital cameras, portable camcorders, viewfinders, microdisplays, 3D displays, and vehicle displays.

[0030] The materials and structures described in this article can also be used in other organic electronic devices listed above.

[0031] As used herein, "top" means furthest from the substrate, and "bottom" means closest to the substrate. When the first layer is described as being "disposed" on the second layer, the first layer is positioned further from the substrate. Unless it is specified that the first layer "contacts" the second layer, other layers may exist between the first and second layers. For example, even if various organic layers exist between the cathode and anode, the cathode may still be described as being "disposed" on the anode.

[0032] As used herein, “solution-handleable” means capable of being dissolved, dispersed or transported in and / or deposited from a liquid medium in the form of a solution or suspension.

[0033] In this article, the term "independent driving" refers to two or more OLED devices being controlled separately. It uses active matrix driving technology, where each pixel has an independent thin-film transistor (TFT) for control. Active matrix organic light-emitting displays can independently control the light emission of each pixel, so that each pixel can emit light independently and ultimately form the desired image.

[0034] In this paper, all "HOMO levels" and "LUMO levels" are represented by negative values; the smaller the value (i.e., the larger the absolute value), the deeper the energy level. The statement that an energy level is greater than a certain number in this paper means that the energy level is numerically larger than that number, i.e., the absolute value of the energy level is smaller. For example, "-5.30 eV ≤ LUMO" in this paper... 第一有机材料 "≤-4.80 eV" means that the LUMO energy level of the first organic material is numerically equal to or greater than -5.30 eV, and that the LUMO energy level of the first organic material is numerically equal to or greater than -4.80 eV, and more negative than -4.80 eV. For example, the LUMO energy level of the first organic material is -5.01 eV. In this paper, the expression "energy level less than a certain number" means that the energy level is numerically smaller than this number, that is, it has a more negative value.

[0035] In this paper, the energy difference between the LUMO of the first organic material and the HOMO of the second organic material is defined as the LUMO. 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 .

[0036] In this document, "mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer" refers to the percentage of the mass of the first organic material in the common first organic layer relative to the total mass of the common first organic layer. For example, assuming that the mass of the first organic material contained in the common first organic layer is 10 mg and the total mass of the common first organic layer is 100 mg, then the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is 10%.

[0037] In this document, the term "common first organic layer" refers to a common first organic layer shared by at least two pixels in an active-matrix organic light-emitting display, such as... Figure 3 Hole injection layer 202 in the middle.

[0038] In this paper, the term "unit-doped lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer" refers to the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer when the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A% and the mass doping ratio of the common first organic layer is B%. A The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is then... A =B A / A; For example, when the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is 6%, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B6. At this time, the unit doping lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is σ6=B6 / 6.

[0039] As used in this article, the term "single-layer device" refers to a device having a single light-emitting layer (or multiple consecutive light-emitting layers) between a pair of anodes and cathodes, as well as a single set of hole transport layers and electron transport layers. Such a device with a single light-emitting layer (or multiple consecutive light-emitting layers) and its associated transport layers is called a "single-layer device".

[0040] In this article, the term "P-type conductive doped material" refers to a dopant with oxidizing ability, which has a strong electron-withdrawing ability and is an electron acceptor.

[0041] In this article, the terms "same" and "different" are used. "Same" means that two or more materials have the same chemical structural formula, or that the difference between two or more materials lies only in the fact that some or all of the hydrogen in the chemical structural formula is replaced by deuterium. Conversely, "different" means that the organic materials used have different chemical structural formulas (i.e., the difference in chemical structural formula is not only in the fact that some or all of the hydrogen in the molecular formula is replaced by deuterium).

[0042] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the active-matrix organic electroluminescent display of the present invention is shown in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, as follows: Figure 3As indicated by the dashed lines, the display includes pixels a, b, and c. 201a, 201b, and 201c are the anodes of pixels a, b, and c, respectively. 202 is a hole injection layer. In this invention, the hole injection layer 202 is a shared layer, meaning the film layer is continuous across multiple pixels without segmentation. For example, pixels a, b, and c share the hole injection layer 202. 203 is a hole transport layer. 204a, 204b, and 204c are the light-emitting auxiliary layers (prime layers, also called electron blocking layers) of pixels a, b, and c, respectively. In the display of this invention, the common first organic layer shared by multiple pixels can be either the hole injection layer 202 or the hole transport layer 203. When the common first organic layer is the hole transport layer 203, the hole transport layer 203 is a p-doped organic layer. Optionally, a second hole transport layer (not shown in the figure) may be further included between the hole transport layer 203 and the light-emitting auxiliary layers 204a, 204b, and 204c. 205a, 205b, and 205c are the light-emitting layers for pixels a, b, and c, respectively. 206 is a hole blocking layer, 207 is an electron injection layer, and 208 is a cathode. The hole blocking layer 206, electron injection layer 207, and cathode 208 can be shared or independent. The driving device applies independent driving currents through the anodes 201a, 201b, and 201c, allowing each pixel to operate independently. For example, if a current is applied to pixel a, but no current is applied to pixels b and c, only pixel a will be lit. However, since the hole injection layer is a shared layer, if the lateral conductivity of the hole injection layer 202 is too high during this process, current will flow from pixel a through the hole injection layer 202 to pixel b, causing pixel b to emit light and resulting in color crosstalk between pixels.

[0043] In this invention, multiple pixels share the common first organic layer. Since the common first organic layer is uniform and continuous, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is the same as the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the first organic layer of a single OLED device. The unit doping lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is also the same as the unit doping lateral conductivity of the first organic layer of a single OLED device.

[0044] When a ligand is believed to directly contribute to the photosensitivity of the emitting material, the ligand can be called "photosensitive." When a ligand is believed not to contribute to the photosensitivity of the emitting material, the ligand can be called "auxiliary," but auxiliary ligands can alter the properties of photosensitivity ligands.

[0045] It is believed that the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of fluorescent OLEDs can exceed the 25% spin statistical limit through delayed fluorescence. Delayed fluorescence can generally be divided into two types: P-type delayed fluorescence and E-type delayed fluorescence. P-type delayed fluorescence is generated by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA).

[0046] On the other hand, E-type delayed fluorescence does not depend on the collision of two triplet states, but rather on the transition between triplet and singlet excited states. Compounds capable of producing E-type delayed fluorescence need to have a very small singlet-triple gap to facilitate the transition between energy states. Thermal energy can activate the transition from triplet to singlet. This type of delayed fluorescence is also called thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). A significant characteristic of TADF is that the delayed component increases with increasing temperature. If the reverse system crossover (RISC) rate is fast enough to minimize the nonradiative decay from the triplet state, the fraction of singlet excited states that are refilled can reach 75%. The total singlet fraction can be 100%, far exceeding the 25% spin statistics of electrogenerated excitons.

[0047] E-type delayed fluorescence can be observed in excited complex systems or single compounds. Unbound by theory, it is believed that E-type delayed fluorescence requires the luminescent material to have a small singlet-triple bandgap (ΔE). S-T Organic, nonmetallic donor-acceptor luminescent materials may be able to achieve this. The emission of these materials is typically characterized as donor-acceptor charge transfer (CT) emission. Spatial separation of the HOMO and LUMO in these donor-acceptor compounds usually produces small ΔE. S-T These states can include CT states. Typically, donor-acceptor luminescent materials are constructed by linking an electron donor moiety (e.g., an amino or carbazole derivative) with an electron acceptor moiety (e.g., an N-containing six-membered aromatic ring).

[0048] Definition of the term "substituent group"

[0049] Halogens or halides—as used herein—include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

[0050] Alkyl – as used herein, includes straight-chain and branched alkyl groups. An alkyl group can be an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecanyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, neopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-pentylhexyl, 1-butylpentyl, 1-heptyloctyl, and 3-methylpentyl. Among the above, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, and n-hexyl are preferred. Additionally, the alkyl group may optionally be substituted.

[0051] Cycloalkyl – as used herein, comprises cyclic alkyl groups. The cycloalkyl group can be a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl, 1-adamantyl, 2-adamantyl, 1-norbornyl, 2-norbornyl, etc. Among the above, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, and 4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl are preferred. Furthermore, the cycloalkyl group may optionally be substituted.

[0052] Heteroalkyl – as used herein, a heteroalkyl group comprises one or more carbon atoms in an alkyl chain that are replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, phosphorus, silicon, germanium, and boron atoms. The heteroalkyl group can be a heteroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably a heteroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of heteroalkyl groups include methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, methylthiomethyl, ethylthiomethyl, ethylthioethyl, methoxymethoxymethyl, ethoxymethoxymethyl, ethoxyethoxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, mercaptomethyl, mercaptoethyl, mercaptopropyl, aminomethyl, aminoethyl, aminopropyl, dimethylaminomethyl, trimethylgermanylmethyl, trimethylgermanylethyl, trimethylgermanylisopropyl, dimethylethylgermanylmethyl, dimethylisopropylgermanylmethyl, tert-butyldimethylgermanylmethyl, triethylgermanylmethyl, triethylgermanylethyl, triisopropylgermanylmethyl, triisopropylgermanylethyl, trimethylsilylmethyl, trimethylsilylethyl, trimethylsilylisopropyl, triisopropylsilylmethyl, triisopropylsilylethyl. Additionally, heteroalkyl groups may optionally be substituted.

[0053] Alkenyl – as used herein, encompasses straight-chain, branched, and cyclic olefinic groups. An alkenyl group can be an alkenyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl groups include vinyl, propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, 1-methylvinyl, styryl, 2,2-diphenylvinyl, 1,2-diphenylvinyl, 1-methylallyl, 1,1-dimethylallyl, 2-methylallyl, 1-phenylallyl, 2-phenylallyl, 3-phenylallyl, 3,3-diphenylallyl, 1,2-dimethylallyl, 1-phenyl-1-butenyl, 3-phenyl-1-butenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclohepttrienyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclooctatetraenyl, and norbornyl. In addition, the alkenyl group can be optionally substituted.

[0054] Alkynyl – as used herein, encompasses straight-chain alkynyl groups. An alkynyl group can be one containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of alkynyl groups include ethynyl, propynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butynyl, 3-ethyl-3-methyl-1-pentynyl, 3,3-diisopropyl-1-pentynyl, phenylethynyl, phenylpropynyl, etc. Among the above, ethynyl, propynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, and phenylethynyl are preferred. Furthermore, the alkynyl group may be optionally substituted.

[0055] Aryl or aromatic group – as used herein, both non-fused and fused systems are considered. The aryl group can be an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, tetraphenylene, naphthalene, anthracene, fenene, fluorene, pyrene, etc. Perylene and azulene, preferably phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, and naphthalene. Examples of non-fused aryl groups include phenyl, biphenyl-2-yl, biphenyl-3-yl, biphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, o-tolyl, m-tolyl, p-tolyl, p-(2-phenylpropyl)phenyl, 4'-methyldiphenyl, 4”-tert-butyl-p-terphenyl-4-yl, o-cumyl, m-cumyl, p-cumyl, 2,3-xylyl, 3,4-xylyl, 2,5-xylyl, mesitylene, and m-tetraphenyl. Additionally, the aryl group may optionally be substituted.

[0056] Heterocyclic groups or heterocycles – as used herein, consider non-aromatic cyclic groups. Non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include saturated heterocyclic groups having 3-20 ring atoms and unsaturated non-aromatic heterocyclic groups having 3-20 ring atoms, wherein at least one ring atom is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, silicon, phosphorus, germanium, and boron atoms. Preferred non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are those having 3 to 7 ring atoms, including at least one heteroatom such as nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, or sulfur. Examples of non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include ethylene oxide, oxetane, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dioxopentacyclic, dioxahexacyclic, acridineyl, dihydropyrroleyl, tetrahydropyrroleyl, piperidinyl, oxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazineyl, oxetane-heptanetrienyl, thioheptanetrienyl, azirane-heptanetrienyl, and tetrahydrothiorroleyl. In addition, the heterocyclic group can be optionally substituted.

[0057] Heteroaryl – as used herein – can be a non-fused or fused heteroaryl group comprising 1 to 5 heteroatoms, wherein at least one heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, silicon, phosphorus, germanium, and boron. Isoaryl also refers to heteroaryl. Heteroaryl can be a heteroaryl having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroaryl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably a heteroaryl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Suitable heteroaryl groups include dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenophene, carbazole, indolecarbazole, pyridineindole, pyrrolopyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, oxtriazole, dioxazole, thiadiazol, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrazine, triazine, oxazine, oxthiazine, oxadiazine, indole, benzimidazole, indazole, indoxazine, benzoxazole, benzoisoxazole, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline Phosphine, cyclophosphine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, naphthidine, phthalazine, pteridine, xanthan, acridine, phenazine, phenothiazine, benzofuranopyridine, furanodipyridine, benzothiophenopyridine, thiophenodipyridine, benzoselenophenopyridine, selenobenzodipyridine, preferably dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, imidazole, pyridine, triazine, benzimidazole, 1,2-azaborane, 1,3-azaborane, 1,4-azaborane, boronazole and its aza analogues. Additionally, the heteroaryl group may optionally be substituted.

[0058] Alkoxy groups—as used herein—are represented by -O-alkyl, -O-cycloalkyl, -O-heteroalkyl, or -O-heterocyclic groups. Examples and preferred examples of alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, and heterocyclic groups are the same as described above. An alkoxy group can be an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentoxy, cyclohexyloxy, tetrahydrofuranyloxy, tetrahydropyranyloxy, methoxypropyloxy, ethoxyethyloxy, methoxymethyloxy, and ethoxymethyloxy. Additionally, alkoxy groups may optionally be substituted.

[0059] Aryloxy group – as used herein, is represented by -O-aryl or -O-heteroaryl. Examples and preferred examples of aryl and heteroaryl groups are the same as described above. The aryloxy group can be an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of aryloxy groups include phenoxy and biphenyloxy groups. Additionally, the aryloxy group may optionally be substituted.

[0060] Arylalkyl – as used herein, encompasses aryl-substituted alkyl groups. An arylalkyl group can be an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an arylalkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an arylalkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms. Examples of arylalkyl groups include benzyl, 1-phenylethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylisopropyl, 2-phenylisopropyl, phenyl tert-butyl, α-naphthylmethyl, 1-α-naphthyl-ethyl, 2-α-naphthylethyl, 1-α-naphthylisopropyl, 2-α-naphthylisopropyl, β-naphthylmethyl, 1-β-naphthyl-ethyl, 2-β-naphthyl-ethyl, 1-β-naphthylisopropyl, 2-β-naphthylisopropyl, p-methylbenzyl, m-methylbenzyl The compounds include alkyl groups, such as o-methylbenzyl, p-chlorobenzyl, m-chlorobenzyl, o-chlorobenzyl, p-bromobenzyl, m-bromobenzyl, o-bromobenzyl, p-iodobenzyl, m-iodobenzyl, o-iodobenzyl, p-hydroxybenzyl, m-hydroxybenzyl, o-hydroxybenzyl, p-aminobenzyl, m-aminobenzyl, o-aminobenzyl, p-nitrobenzyl, m-nitrobenzyl, o-nitrobenzyl, p-cyanobenzyl, m-cyanobenzyl, o-cyanobenzyl, 1-hydroxy-2-phenylisopropyl, and 1-chloro-2-phenylisopropyl. Among the above, benzyl, p-cyanobenzyl, m-cyanobenzyl, o-cyanobenzyl, 1-phenylethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylisopropyl, and 2-phenylisopropyl are preferred. Additionally, the alkyl group may optionally be substituted.

[0061] Alkylsilyl – as used herein, encompasses alkyl-substituted silyl groups. The alkylsilyl group can be an alkylsilyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylsilyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of alkylsilyl groups include trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, methyldiethylsilyl, ethyldimethylsilyl, tripropylsilyl, tributylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl, methyldiisopropylsilyl, dimethylisopropylsilyl, tritert-butylsilyl, triisobutylsilyl, dimethyltert-butylsilyl, and methylditert-butylsilyl. Furthermore, the alkylsilyl group may optionally be substituted.

[0062] Arylsilane – as used herein, encompasses at least one aryl-substituted silane group. The arylsilane can be an arylsilane having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an arylsilane having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of arylsilanes include triphenylsilyl, phenyldiphenylsilyl, diphenylbiphenylsilyl, phenyldiethylsilyl, diphenylethylsilyl, phenyldimethylsilyl, diphenylmethylsilyl, phenyldiisopropylsilyl, diphenylisopropylsilyl, diphenylbutylsilyl, diphenylisobutylsilyl, and diphenyltert-butylsilyl. Additionally, the arylsilane may optionally be substituted.

[0063] Alkylgermanium group – as used herein, encompasses alkyl-substituted germanium groups. The alkylgermanium group can be an alkylgermanium group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylgermanium group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of alkylgermanium groups include trimethylgermanium, triethylgermanium, methyldiethylgermanium, ethyldimethylgermanium, tripropylgermanium, tributylgermanium, triisopropylgermanium, methyldiisopropylgermanium, dimethylisopropylgermanium, tritert-butylgermanium, triisobutylgermanium, dimethyltert-butylgermanium, and methylditert-butylgermanium. Furthermore, the alkylgermanium group may optionally be substituted.

[0064] Arylgermanium – as used herein, encompasses a germanium group substituted with at least one aryl or heteroaryl group. The arylgermanium group can be an arylgermanium group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an arylgermanium group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of arylgermanium groups include triphenylgermanium, phenyldiphenylgermanium, diphenylbiphenylgermanium, phenyldiethylgermanium, diphenylethylgermanium, phenyldimethylgermanium, diphenylmethylgermanium, phenyldiisopropylgermanium, diphenylisopropylgermanium, diphenylbutylgermanium, diphenylisobutylgermanium, and diphenyltert-butylgermanium. Additionally, the arylgermanium group may optionally be substituted.

[0065] The term "aza" in azadibenzofuran, azadibenzothiophene, etc., refers to the substitution of one or more CH groups in the corresponding aromatic segment by a nitrogen atom. For example, azatriphenylene includes dibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline, dibenzo[f,h]quinoline, and other analogs having two or more nitrogen atoms in the ring system. Other nitrogen analogs of the aforementioned aza derivatives will readily conceive of those skilled in the art, and all such analogs are identified as being included in the terminology used herein.

[0066] In this disclosure, unless otherwise defined, the term "substituted alkyl," "substituted cycloalkyl," "substituted heteroalkyl," "substituted heterocyclic," "substituted aralkyl," "substituted alkoxy," "substituted aryloxy," "substituted alkenyl," "substituted alkynyl," "substituted aryl," "substituted heteroaryl," "substituted alkylsilyl," "substituted arylsilyl," "substituted alkylgermanium," "substituted arylgermanium," "substituted amino," "substituted acyl," "substituted carbonyl," and "substituted carboxylic acid" are used interchangeably. Substituted ester group, substituted sulfinyl group, substituted sulfonyl group, substituted phosphinyl group, refers to any one of the following groups: alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclic, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylsilyl, arylsilyl, alkylgermanium, arylgermanium, amino, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester group, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, and phosphinyl. One or more groups can be selected from deuterium, halogen, unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, and unsubstituted alkyl groups having... Cycloalkyl groups with 3-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted heteroalkyl groups with 1-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted heterocyclic groups with 3-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted aralkyl groups with 7-30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkoxy groups with 1-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted aryloxy groups with 6-30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkenyl groups with 2-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkynyl groups with 2-20 carbon atoms, and unsubstituted aryl groups with 6-30 carbon atoms. Unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkylsilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkylgermanium groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted arylgermanium groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, and unsubstituted amino, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof having 0-20 carbon atoms.

[0067] It should be understood that when a molecular segment is described as a substituent or otherwise attached to another part, its name may be written according to whether it is a segment (e.g., phenyl, phenylene, naphthyl, dibenzofuranyl) or according to whether it is a whole molecule (e.g., benzene, naphthalene, dibenzofuran). As used herein, these different ways of specifying substituents or attaching segments are considered equivalent.

[0068] In the compounds mentioned in this disclosure, hydrogen atoms can be partially or completely replaced by deuterium. Other atoms such as carbon and nitrogen can also be replaced by their other stable isotopes. Substitution with other stable isotopes in the compounds is likely preferred due to their ability to enhance device efficiency and stability.

[0069] In the compounds mentioned in this disclosure, multiple substitution refers to the range including disubstitution, up to the maximum number of available substitutions. When a substituent in a compound mentioned in this disclosure represents multiple substitution (including disubstitution, trisubstitution, tetrasubstitution, etc.), it means that the substituent can be present at multiple available substitution positions on its linkage structure. The substituent present at multiple available substitution positions can be the same structure or different structures.

[0070] In the compounds mentioned in this disclosure, unless explicitly specified, for example, that adjacent substituents can optionally connect to form a ring, adjacent substituents in the compounds cannot connect to form a ring. In the compounds mentioned in this disclosure, the optional connection of adjacent substituents to form a ring includes both cases where adjacent substituents can connect to form a ring and cases where adjacent substituents do not connect to form a ring. When adjacent substituents can optionally connect to form a ring, the formed ring can be a monocyclic or polycyclic ring (including spirocyclic, bridged, fused rings, etc.), as well as an alicyclic, heterocyclic, aromatic, or heteroaromatic ring. In this context, adjacent substituents can refer to substituents bonded to the same atom, substituents bonded to carbon atoms directly bonded to each other, or substituents bonded to carbon atoms further away. Preferably, adjacent substituents refer to substituents bonded to the same carbon atom and substituents bonded to carbon atoms directly bonded to each other.

[0071] The statement that adjacent substituents can optionally connect to form a ring is also intended to be understood as referring to two substituents bonded to the same carbon atom connecting to each other via chemical bonds to form a ring, as exemplified by the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] The statement that adjacent substituents can optionally link to form a ring is also intended to be understood as referring to two substituents bonded to carbon atoms directly bonded to each other forming a ring through chemical bonds, as exemplified by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] The statement that adjacent substituents can optionally connect to form a ring is also intended to be understood as referring to two substituents bonded to a further distant carbon atom connecting to each other by chemical bonds to form a ring, which can be exemplified by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Furthermore, the statement that adjacent substituents can optionally connect to form a ring is also intended to mean that, in the case where one of the two adjacent substituents represents hydrogen, the second substituent bonds to the position where the hydrogen atom is bonded, thereby forming a ring. This is illustrated by the following example:

[0078]

[0079] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an active matrix organic electroluminescent display is disclosed, which includes a plurality of pixels;

[0080] Each of the plurality of pixels contains at least one organic electroluminescent device;

[0081] The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode;

[0082] The organic layer includes at least a common first organic layer, which is shared by at least two pixels;

[0083] The common first organic layer comprises at least a first organic material and a second organic material;

[0084] The LUMO energy level of the first organic material is LUMO 第一有机材料 The HOMO energy level of the second organic material is HOMO 第二有机材料 And -0.1eV <LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV;

[0085] The mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, and 5 ≤ A ≤ 15;

[0086] The transverse conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 5.0V under a constant current density.

[0088] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.5V under a constant current density.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.4V under a constant current density.

[0090] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.3V under a constant current density.

[0091] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.2V under a constant current density.

[0092] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.1V under a constant current density.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.0V under a constant current density.

[0094] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common first organic layer is shared by all pixels.

[0095] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common first organic layer is a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common first organic layer is a hole injection layer.

[0097] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material is a p-type conductive doped material, and the second organic material is a hole transport material.

[0098] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -0.05 eV <LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV.

[0099] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV.

[0100] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.23eV.

[0101] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.21eV.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.19eV.

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.17eV.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.15eV.

[0105] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤15.

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤14.

[0107] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤13.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤12.

[0109] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤11.

[0110] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤10.

[0111] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 5≤A≤10.

[0112] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 5≤A≤9.

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 5≤A≤8.

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfies 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.07×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0116] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0117] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.09×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0118] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10-4 S / m.

[0119] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfies 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0120] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfy 0.16×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0121] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0122] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfies 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0123] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfying 0.07×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0124] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σA Satisfying 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0125] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfying 0.09×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0126] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0127] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0128] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfies 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0129] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfying 0.07×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0130] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfying 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0131] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfying 0.09×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0132] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least three σ A Satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0133] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0134] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0135] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σA ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0136] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.9×10 -4 S / m.

[0138] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.8×10 -4 S / m.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0140] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.16×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0141] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is...A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0142] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfies 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0143] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfying 0.07×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfying 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0145] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfying 0.09×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least six σ A Satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0147] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0148] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0149] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0150] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0151] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A ≤0.9×10 -4 S / m.

[0152] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A=B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.9×10 -4 S / m.

[0153] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.8×10 -4 S / m.

[0154] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0155] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.16×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0156] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10 All satisfy 0.17×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0157] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, and at least σ5, σ6, σ7, σ8, σ9, σ 10All satisfy 0.17×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.9×10 -4 S / m.

[0158] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0159] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0160] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.07×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0161] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0162] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.09×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0163] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

[0164] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.8×10 -4 S / m.

[0165] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.9×10 -4 S / m.

[0166] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.8×10 -4 S / m.

[0167] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0168] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.6×10 -4 S / m.

[0169] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layerA =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.5×10 -4 S / m.

[0170] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

[0171] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer is... A =B A / A, all σ A All satisfy 0.16×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.7×10 -4 S / m.

[0172] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.30eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.80eV.

[0173] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.20eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.90eV.

[0174] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.16eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.80eV.

[0175] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.14eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.80eV.

[0176] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.12eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.80eV.

[0177] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.35eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV.

[0178] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.33eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV.

[0179] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.30eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV.

[0180] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.25eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV.

[0181] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.25eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.10eV.

[0182] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.30eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.04eV.

[0183] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.30eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.06eV.

[0184] According to one embodiment of the present invention, -5.30eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.08eV.

[0185] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of pixels are capable of emitting light of the same color or light of different colors.

[0186] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.2×10 - 4 S / m A <15×10 -4 S / m.

[0187] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.3×10 - 4 S / m A <15×10 -4 S / m.

[0188] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.4×10 - 4 S / m A <15×10 -4 S / m.

[0189] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A ​​​And 0.5×10 - 4 S / m A <15×10 -4 S / m.

[0190] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.2×10 - 4 S / m A <13×10 -4 S / m.

[0191] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.2×10 - 4 S / m A <11×10 -4 S / m.

[0192] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.2×10 - 4 S / m A <9×10 -4 S / m.

[0193] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A And 0.2×10 - 4 S / m A <7×10 -4 S / m.

[0194] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral conductivity B of the common first organic layer A The testing method is as follows: the first organic material and the second organic material are placed in a vacuum of approximately 10... -6 Under Torr conditions, a certain doping ratio is deposited onto a pre-prepared aluminum electrode substrate via co-evaporation to form a test region with a thickness of 100 nm, a length of 6 mm, and a width of 1 mm. At room temperature, the resistance of this region is obtained by applying a voltage to the electrode and measuring the current. Then, the lateral conductivity B of the film is calculated based on Ohm's law and the geometric dimensions. A .

[0195] ​​​​​According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material is selected from the following compounds: quinones or quinone derivatives, axialene compounds, dehydrobenzoxazoles and dehydrobenzothiazoles, and bisoxazoles or bisthiazoles.

[0196] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material has a structure represented by Formula 1:

[0197]

[0198] in,

[0199] n is an integer selected from 1 to 6;

[0200] Ring A is selected from conjugated rings having 3-30 ring atoms;

[0201] R3 indicates monosubstituted, polysubstituted, or unsubstituted;

[0202] R1, R2, and R3, each time appearing, are selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aroxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups, etc. The following are substituted alkynes having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylgermanium groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylgermanium groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted amino, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, and combinations thereof having 0-20 carbon atoms.

[0203] Adjacent substituents R1, R2, and R3 can optionally connect to form a ring.

[0204] In this document, "ring A is selected from conjugated rings having 3-30 ring atoms" is intended to describe a ring structure having 3-30 ring atoms, and ring A possesses conjugated structural features. Exemplarily, ring A includes, but is not limited to, the structures shown in formulas A-1 to A-13 of this application. Ring A can be a monocyclic or polycyclic structure, wherein the polycyclic structure can be a fused ring or a double-ring structure, or an integrally conjugated structure formed by connecting two conjugated rings with double bonds, as shown in formula A-12 of this application. Ring A can be a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring.

[0205] In this document, "adjacent substituents R1, R2, R3 can optionally connect to form a ring" is intended to mean that any one or more of adjacent substituent groups, such as between substituents R3, between substituents R1 and R2, between substituents R1 and R3, or between substituents R2 and R3, can connect to form a ring. It is obvious that these substituents may also not connect to form a ring.

[0206] According to one embodiment of the present invention, n is an even number.

[0207] According to one embodiment of the present invention, n is selected from 2, 4 or 6.

[0208] According to one embodiment of the present invention, n is selected from 1, 2 or 3.

[0209] According to one embodiment of the present invention, n is selected from 1 or 2.

[0210] According to one embodiment of the present invention, ring A is selected from a conjugated ring having 3-20 ring atoms.

[0211] According to one embodiment of the present invention, ring A is selected from a conjugated ring having 4-20 ring atoms.

[0212] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the substituents R1, R2 and R3 is a substituent containing at least one electron-withdrawing group.

[0213] According to one embodiment of the present invention, R1 and / or R2 are substituents containing at least one electron-withdrawing group.

[0214] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the Hammett constant of the electron-withdrawing group is ≥0.05.

[0215] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the Hammett constant of the electron-withdrawing group is ≥0.3.

[0216] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the Hammett constant of the electron-withdrawing group is ≥0.5.

[0217] The Hammett substituent constant of the electron-withdrawing group described in this invention is ≥0.05, for example ≥0.1, or ≥0.2; preferably ≥0.3; more preferably ≥0.5. It has a strong electron-withdrawing ability and can significantly reduce the LUMO energy level of the compound, thereby improving the charge mobility.

[0218] It should be noted that the Hammet substituent constant value includes the Hammet substituent para constant and / or meta constant. As long as both the para constant and the meta constant are greater than zero, and one of them is greater than or equal to 0.05, it can be used as the group selected in this invention.

[0219] According to one embodiment of the invention, the electron-withdrawing group is selected from the group consisting of: halogen, nitroso, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, SCN, OCN, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphoxy, azirrocycloyl, or any of the following groups substituted with one or more of halogen, nitroso, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, SCN, OCN, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphoxy, azirrocycloyl, having 1-20 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, heterocyclic groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, aryloxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, alksilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0220] According to one embodiment of the invention, the electron-withdrawing group is selected from the group consisting of: halogen, nitroso, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphoxy, azirrocycloyl, and any of the following groups substituted by one or more of halogen, nitroso, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, SCN, OCN, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphoxy, azirrocycloyl, having 1-20 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, aroxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, alksilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0221] According to one embodiment of the invention, the electron-withdrawing group is selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, acyl, carbonyl, ester, SF5, boroalkyl, aziridine, and any of the following groups substituted by one or more of fluorine, cyano, isocyanate, SCN, OCN, SF5, CF3, OCF3, SCF3, aziridine: alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, heteroalkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, aralkyl having 7-30 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-20 carbon atoms, aryloxy having 6-30 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, alkynyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, aryl having 6-30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 3-30 carbon atoms, alkoxyl having 3-20 carbon atoms, arylsilyl having 6-20 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0222] According to one embodiment of the present invention, ring A is selected from the group consisting of formulas A-1 to A-13:

[0223]

[0224] in;

[0225] X is selected from N or CR3 each time it appears, either the same or different.

[0226] W is selected from O, S, Se, or NR3 each time it appears, either the same or different.

[0227] R3, each time appearing, is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aroxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2- Alkynyl with 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 3-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl with 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl with 6-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylgermanium with 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylgermanium with 6-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted amino, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, or combinations thereof with 0-20 carbon atoms;

[0228] Adjacent substituents R3 can optionally connect to form a ring;

[0229] “﹋” indicates the connection position of the double bond in Equations A-1 to A-13 with Equation 1.

[0230] According to one embodiment of the present invention, ring A is selected from formula A-6, formula A-8, formula A-10, formula A-11 or formula A-12.

[0231] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material has a structure represented by any one of Formulas 1-1 to 1-5:

[0232]

[0233] in,

[0234] Each time W appears, it is selected from the group consisting of O, S, Se, CR3 and NR3, either the same or different.

[0235] R1, R2, and R3, each time appearing, are selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aroxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups, etc. The following are substituted alkynes having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylgermanium groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylgermanium groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted amino, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, and combinations thereof having 0-20 carbon atoms.

[0236] Adjacent substituents R1, R2, and R3 can optionally connect to form a ring.

[0237] According to one embodiment of the invention, W is selected from O, S or Se each time it appears, either the same or different.

[0238] According to one embodiment of the invention, W is selected from O or S each time it appears, either the same or different.

[0239] According to one embodiment of the present invention, W is selected from O.

[0240] According to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein R1, R2, and R3, each time appearing, are selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, nitrosyl, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyanate, SCN, OCN, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphoxy, unsubstituted alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted cycloalkyl having 3-20 ring carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkoxy having 1-20 carbon atoms, unsubstituted alkenyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, and unsubstituted alkenyl having 6-30 carbon atoms. The aryl group of the molecule, the unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 3-30 carbon atoms, and any one of the following groups substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, nitroso, nitro, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, SCN, OCN, SF5, borane, sulfinyl, sulfonyl and phosphoxy: alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-20 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, aryl having 6-30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 3-30 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0241] According to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein R1, R2, and R3, each time they appear, are selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, methyl, isopropyl, NO2, SO2CH3, SCF3, C2F5, OC2F5, OCH3, diphenylmethylsilyl, phenyl, methoxyphenyl, p-methylphenyl, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, biphenyl, polyfluorophenyl, difluoropyridyl, nitrophenyl, dimethylthiazolyl, vinyl groups substituted with one or more of CN or CF3, and are substituted with... One of the following substituted ethynyl groups from CN or CF3: dimethylphosphoxy, diphenylphosphoxy, F, CF3, OCF3, SF5, SO2CF3, cyano, isocyano, SCN, OCN, trifluoromethylphenyl, trifluoromethoxyphenyl, bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, bis(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl, 4-cyanotetrafluorophenyl, phenyl or biphenyl substituted with one or more of F, CN or CF3, tetrafluoropyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, diphenylborane, oxaboxanthracene, and combinations thereof.

[0242] According to one embodiment of the invention, wherein R1 and R2, each time they appear, are selected from the group consisting of: halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl with 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl with 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl with 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 3-30 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0243] According to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein R1 and R2, each time they appear, are selected from the group consisting of: cyano, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0244] According to one embodiment of the present invention, R1 is selected from cyano.

[0245] According to one embodiment of the present invention, both R1 and R2 are selected from cyano groups.

[0246] According to one embodiment of the present invention, R3 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof.

[0247] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material has a structure represented by Formula 1-1 or Formula 1-2.

[0248] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material has a structure represented by Formula 1-1.

[0249] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material is selected from the group consisting of compounds 1-1 to 1-47, compounds 2-2 to 2-22, compounds 3-1 to 3-9, compounds 4-1 to 4-9, and compounds 5-1 to 5-11.

[0250]

[0251]

[0252]

[0253]

[0254]

[0255]

[0256] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen in the structures of compounds 1-1 to 1-47, compounds 2-2 to 2-22, compounds 3-1 to 3-9, compounds 4-1 to 4-9, and compounds 5-1 to 5-11 can be partially or completely replaced by deuterium.

[0257] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first organic material is selected from the group consisting of compounds 1-1 to 1-47, compounds 2-2 to 2-22, compounds 3-1 to 3-9, compounds 4-1 to 4-9, compounds 5-1 to 5-11, compounds 2-23, and compounds 6-1 to 6-47; wherein compounds 2-23 and compounds 6-1 to 6-47 are:

[0258]

[0259]

[0260]

[0261]

[0262] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen in the structures of compounds 2-23, 6-1 to 6-47 can be partially or completely replaced by deuterium.

[0263] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material is selected from the group consisting of compounds having a triarylamine unit, spirodifluorene compounds, pentanebenzene compounds, oligothiophene compounds, oligophenyl compounds, oligophenylene vinylidene compounds, oligofluorene compounds, porphyrin complexes, or metal phthalocyanine complexes.

[0264] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material comprises any one or more chemical structural units selected from the group consisting of: triarylamines, carbazole, fluorene, spirodifluorene, thiophene, furan, phenyl, oligomeric phenylene oxide, oligomeric fluorene, and combinations thereof.

[0265] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material comprises a monotriarylamine structural unit or a bistriarylamine structural unit.

[0266] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material comprises any one or more chemical structural units selected from the group consisting of: monotriarylamine-carbazole structural units, monotriarylamine-thiophene structural units, monotriarylamine-furan structural units, monotriarylamine-fluorene structural units, bis(triarylamine-carbazole) structural units, bis(triarylamine-thiophene) structural units, bis(triarylamine-furan) structural units, and bis(triarylamine-fluorene) structural units.

[0267] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material is a monotriarylamine compound or a bistriarylamine compound.

[0268] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material is selected from monotriarylamine-carbazole compounds, monotriarylamine-thiophene compounds, monotriarylamine-furan compounds, monotriarylamine-fluorene compounds, bis(triarylamine-carbazole) compounds, bis(triarylamine-thiophene) compounds, bis(triarylamine-furan) compounds, and bis(triarylamine-fluorene) compounds.

[0269] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material has a structure represented by Formula 2 or Formula 3:

[0270]

[0271] Ar1 to Ar7 are selected, in the same or different ways, from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof.

[0272] L is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof;

[0273] L1 to L7, each time appearing, are selected from single bonds, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof.

[0274] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Formula 2 represents a monoamine compound containing only the one amino N atom shown.

[0275] According to one embodiment of the invention, Ar1 to Ar7, each time appearing, are selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl, substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl, substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoselenophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthyl, substituted or unsubstituted triphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl, substituted or unsubstituted anthrayl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrene, substituted or unsubstituted fluorene, or combinations thereof.

[0276] According to one embodiment of the invention, L is selected, either identically or differently, from substituted or unsubstituted phenylene, substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiopheneylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoselenopheneylene, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthylene, substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyridylene, substituted or unsubstituted anthraceneylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyreneylene, substituted or unsubstituted fluoreneylene, or combinations thereof.

[0277] According to one embodiment of the invention, L1 to L7, each time appearing, are selected from single bonds, substituted or unsubstituted phenylene, substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiopheneylene, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoselenopheneylene, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthylene, substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyridylene, substituted or unsubstituted anthraceneylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyreneylene, substituted or unsubstituted fluoreneylene, or combinations thereof.

[0278] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material has a structure represented by Formula 2-1:

[0279]

[0280] Wherein, Q is selected from C, Si, or Ge;

[0281] Ar1 and Ar2, each time they appear, are selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof;

[0282] L1 and L2, each time they appear, are selected from single bonds, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof.

[0283] The same or different occurrences of R each indicate monosubstitution, polysubstitution, or no substitution;

[0284] R, each time appearing, is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups having 3-20 cyclic carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aroxy groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted groups having 2-20 carbon atoms. Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl groups having 2-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3-30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylgermanium groups having 3-20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylgermanium groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, cyano, isocyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, and combinations thereof;

[0285] Adjacent substituents R can optionally connect to form a ring.

[0286] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second organic material is selected from the group consisting of compounds HT-1 to HT-60:

[0287]

[0288]

[0289]

[0290]

[0291]

[0292] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen in the structure of compounds HT-1 to HT-60 is partially or completely replaced by deuterium.

[0293] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic layer includes a common second organic layer, which is shared by at least two pixels, and the common second organic layer is disposed between the common first organic layer and the cathode.

[0294] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common second organic layer and the common first organic layer are in direct contact.

[0295] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common second organic layer is a hole transport layer.

[0296] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common second organic layer comprises a third organic material.

[0297] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the third organic material may be the same as or different from the second organic material.

[0298] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the third organic material is the same as the second organic material.

[0299] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the common second organic layer further comprises a fourth organic material, wherein the fourth organic material is a p-type conductive doped material.

[0300] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth organic material may be the same as or different from the first organic material.

[0301] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 20 nm.

[0302] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 40 nm.

[0303] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 60 nm.

[0304] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 80 nm.

[0305] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 100 nm.

[0306] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device includes a plurality of stacked layers between an anode and a cathode, the stacked layers comprising at least two light-emitting units, wherein at least one light-emitting unit comprises the common first organic layer.

[0307] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device includes a plurality of stacked layers between an anode and a cathode, the stacked layers including at least a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit, and at least one charge-generating layer between two adjacent light-emitting units, wherein the charge-generating layer includes a P-type charge-generating layer and an N-type charge-generating layer, wherein the P-type charge-generating layer includes at least a P-type conductive doped material.

[0308] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the P-type conductive doped material is selected from the following compounds: quinones or quinone derivatives, axialene compounds, dehydrobenzoxazoles and dehydrobenzothiazoles, bisoxazoles or bisthiazoles.

[0309] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the P-type conductive doped material and the first organic material may be the same or different.

[0310] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the P-type charge generation layer further comprises at least one hole transport material, the P-type charge generation layer being formed by doping the at least one hole transport material with the P-type conductive dopant, the hole transport material being selected from compounds having triarylamine units, spirodifluorene compounds, pentanebenzene compounds, oligothiophene compounds, oligophenyl compounds, oligophenylenevinyl compounds, oligofluorene compounds, porphyrin complexes or metal phthalocyanine complexes, wherein the molar doping ratio of the P-type conductive dopant to the hole transport material is from 10000:1 to 1:10000.

[0311] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the P-type charge generation layer, the molar doping ratio of the P-type conductive doped material to the hole transport material is 10:1 to 1:100.

[0312] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also disclosed, which includes the active matrix organic electroluminescent display described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0313] Combination with other materials

[0314] The materials described in this invention for specific layers in organic light-emitting devices can be used in combination with a variety of other materials present in the device. These combinations of materials are described in detail in paragraphs 0132-0161 of U.S. Patent Application US2016 / 0359122A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The materials described or mentioned herein are non-limiting examples of materials that can be used in combination with the compounds disclosed herein, and those skilled in the art can readily consult the literature to identify other materials that can be used in combination.

[0315] Materials described herein for use in specific layers of organic light-emitting devices can be used in combination with a variety of other materials present in said devices. For example, the compounds disclosed herein can be used in combination with a variety of light-emitting dopants, substrates, transport layers, blocking layers, implantation layers, electrodes, and other possible layers. These combinations of materials are described in detail in paragraphs 0080-0101 of U.S. Patent Application US2015 / 0349273A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The materials described or mentioned herein are non-limiting examples of materials that can be used in combination with the compounds disclosed herein, and those skilled in the art can readily consult the literature to identify other materials that can be used in combination.

[0316] The fabrication method of the organic electroluminescent device is not limited. In the device embodiments, the device characteristics are tested using conventional equipment in the art (including but not limited to evaporation machines manufactured by Angstrom Engineering, optical testing systems and lifetime testing systems manufactured by Suzhou Fushida, ellipsometers manufactured by Beijing Liangtuo, etc.) and methods well known to those skilled in the art. Since those skilled in the art are familiar with the use of the above-mentioned equipment, testing methods, and other related content, and can obtain the inherent data of the sample definitively and unaffected, the above-mentioned related content will not be elaborated further in this patent. The fabrication method of the following device embodiments is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable improvements to the fabrication method of the following device embodiments based on the prior art.

[0317] In this paper, the LUMO and HOMO energy levels of organic materials were obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV tests were performed using a CorrTest CS120 electrochemical workstation manufactured by Wuhan CorrTest Instruments Co., Ltd., employing a three-electrode system: a platinum disk electrode as the working electrode, an Ag / AgNO3 electrode as the reference electrode, and a platinum wire electrode as the auxiliary electrode. Anhydrous DCM was used as the solvent, and 0.1 mol / L tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate was used as the supporting electrolyte to prepare a 10... -3 For the mol / L solution, nitrogen gas was bubbled into the solution for 10 min to remove oxygen before the test. Instrument parameter settings: scan rate 100 mV / s, potential interval 0.5 mV, test window -1 V to 1 V.

[0318] In this paper, the method for testing the unit doped lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer is as follows: the first organic material and the second organic material are subjected to a vacuum of approximately 10... -6Under Torr conditions, the film is deposited at a specific mass ratio onto a pre-prepared aluminum electrode substrate via co-evaporation, forming a test region with a thickness of 100 nm, a length of 6 mm, and a width of 1 mm. At room temperature, the resistance of this region is obtained by applying a voltage to the electrode and measuring the current. The transverse conductivity B of the film is then calculated based on Ohm's law and the geometric dimensions. A Then according to the formula σ A =B A / A calculates the unit doped transverse conductivity σ of the common first organic layer. A .

[0319] Table 1 shows the LUMO energy levels of some first organic materials, the HOMO energy levels of some second organic materials, and the energy level difference between them, as measured by the above method; and the unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer formed by different first organic materials with their recorded mass doping ratios (A%) and different second organic materials. A (Where, the membrane structure represents the second organic material: the first organic material).

[0320] Table 1. Film structure, material energy levels, and transverse conductivity per unit doping.

[0321]

[0322] The material structure used in the common first organic layer is as follows:

[0323]

[0324]

[0325] Table 1 shows the transverse conductivity σ per unit doping of different films. A This value reflects the hole transport capability of the film layer. As shown in Table 1, film layers 1-12 (common first organic layer) in embodiments exhibit a specific low unit doping lateral conductivity when the first organic material has a specific high mass doping ratio. In particular, when the mass doping ratio of the first organic material in film layers 4-6 and 7-9 in embodiments increases from 6% to 10%, the unit doping lateral conductivity decreases. This indicates that as the doping ratio of the first organic material increases, the accumulation rate of holes in the common first organic layer appropriately decreases. This ensures a sufficient number of holes in the common first organic layer for adequate hole injection, while controlling excessive hole accumulation and maintaining a suitable low hole density. The lateral migration is also relatively low, which obviously suppresses the lateral migration of holes from one pixel to other pixels through the common first organic layer, thus significantly suppressing lateral crosstalk in the display. This is further verified by crosstalk testing below.

[0326] Example 1 of crosstalk testing device:

[0327] like Figure 4 As shown, a 0.7mm thick glass substrate is first used, on which two pre-patterned shapes are formed. Thick indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, serving as two independent anodes 301a and 301b, were washed with deionized water and detergent, followed by surface treatment with oxygen plasma and UV ozone. The substrates were then dried in a glove box to remove moisture and mounted on a support before being transferred to a vacuum chamber. The organic layer specified below was applied at a vacuum level of approximately 10... -6 In the case of Torr, The deposition rate was achieved sequentially on the anode layer via vacuum thermal evaporation: first, compounds HT-11 and 1-20 were simultaneously deposited as a common hole injection layer 302 (HIL, weight ratio 90:10). ), the vapor-deposited compound HT-11 is used as a common hole transporter.

[0328] Layer 303 (HTL) ); Evaporated compound EB-1 was used as electron blocking layers 304a and 304b (EBL, Simultaneously, evaporation of compounds RH-1 and RD-1 forms two independent luminescent layers 305a and 305b (EML, weight ratio 98:2). ); Evaporated compound ET-1 and Liq were co-deposited as a common electron transport layer 306 (ETL, weight ratio 1:1). ), vapor deposition A thick Liq layer serves as the common electron injection layer 307 (EIL). Finally, aluminum is vapor-deposited to form two independent cathodes 308a and 308b for pixels A and B. The device is then transferred back to the glove box and sealed with a glass cover to complete the device.

[0329] Crosstalk test device comparison example 1:

[0330] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 of the crosstalk test device, except that compounds HT-11 and 5-1 are used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-20 as the common hole injection layer 302 (HIL, weight ratio 90:10). ).

[0331] The material structure used in the device is as follows:

[0332]

[0333] like Figure 4As shown, the crosstalk testing device includes pixels 3A and 3B. Anode 301a and cathode 308b are electrically connected to the driving device. The luminous intensity (cd / m²) of pixel 3B is tested under a constant voltage of 21V. 2 The data is recorded and displayed in Table 2.

[0334] Table 2. Luminous intensity of pixel 3B in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of crosstalk testing device.

[0335]

[0336] As shown in Table 2, the only difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the crosstalk testing device is the common HIL shared by pixels 3A and 3B. In Example 1 of the crosstalk testing device, the common HIL (common first organic layer) shared by pixels 3A and 3B has a specific low lateral conductivity per unit doping (0.17 × 10⁻⁶). -4 Under a constant voltage of 21V, the luminance of pixel 3B was measured to be 0 cd / m. 2 This indicates that the lateral migration of holes in the common HIL layer of crosstalk testing device embodiment 1 is at a low level, making it difficult for holes to migrate from pixel 3A to pixel 3B across the common HIL layer. Therefore, the pixels in crosstalk testing device embodiment 1 do not emit light, indicating that the crosstalk between the two pixels is very small or even non-existent. However, in comparative example 1, the lateral conductivity per unit doping of the common HIL shared by pixels 3A and 3B is excessively high (4.6 × 10⁻⁶). -4 Under the same test conditions, the luminance of pixel 3B was measured to be 1.1 cd / m. 2 This indicates that due to the excessively high lateral conductivity per unit doping in the common HIL layer of Comparative Example 1 of the crosstalk test device, holes can easily migrate from pixel 3A to pixel 3B through the common HIL layer. Therefore, the pixels in Comparative Example 1 of the crosstalk test device emit light and have high brightness, indicating that there is significant lateral crosstalk between the two pixels. The above data analysis shows that the common HIL layer of the active matrix organic electroluminescent display of the present invention, due to its specific low lateral conductivity per unit doping, can effectively suppress lateral crosstalk between pixels.

[0337] Furthermore, the common first organic layer in the active-matrix OLED display of the present invention, because it comprises a first organic material and a second organic material conforming to a specific energy level relationship and has a specific unit doping lateral conductivity, can effectively suppress inter-pixel crosstalk and enable the device to achieve excellent device performance when used as a HIL or p-doped HTL in organic electroluminescent devices. Therefore, when used as a common first organic layer in the active-matrix organic electroluminescent display of the present invention, it can also enable the display to achieve excellent performance. Device embodiments and device data are provided below to illustrate this.

[0338] Device Examples

[0339] Example 1:

[0340] First, a 0.7mm thick glass substrate is used, on which a pre-patterned design is applied. A thick indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate was used as the anode. After washing the substrate with deionized water and detergent, the ITO surface was treated with oxygen plasma and UV ozone. Subsequently, the substrate was dried in a glove box to remove moisture and then placed on a support and transferred into a vacuum chamber. The organic layer specified below was applied at a vacuum degree of approximately 10... -6 In the case of Torr, The deposition rate was achieved sequentially on the anode layer via vacuum thermal evaporation: first, compounds HT-11 and 1-27 were simultaneously deposited as a hole injection layer (HIL, weight ratio 94:6). The vapor-deposited compound HT-11 is used as a hole transport layer (HTL). The vapor-deposited compound EB-2 serves as an electron blocking layer (HBL). Then, compounds BH-1 and BD-1 were simultaneously deposited as luminescent layers (EML, weight ratio 96:4). ); Evaporated compound HB-1 serves as a hole-blocking layer (HBL, Compound ET-2 and Liq were co-deposited as an electron transport layer (ETL, weight ratio 40:60). ), vapor deposition A thick layer of Liq is used as the electron injection layer (EIL). Finally, metallic aluminum is deposited as the cathode. The device is then transferred back to the glove box and sealed with a glass cover to complete the device.

[0341] Example 2: The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 1-27 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 92:8.

[0342] Example 3: The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 1-27 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 90:10.

[0343] Example 4: The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-11 and 1-20 are used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer (HIL, weight ratio 94:6). ).

[0344] Example 5: The preparation method is the same as in Example 4, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 1-20 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 92:8.

[0345] Example 6: The preparation method is the same as in Example 4, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 1-20 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 90:10.

[0346] Example 7: The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-14 and 1-28 are used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer (HIL, 94:6). ), and used compound HT-14 as the hole transport layer (HTL, ).

[0347] Example 8: The preparation method is the same as in Example 7, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-14 and compound 1-28 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 92:8.

[0348] Example 9: The preparation method is the same as in Example 7, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-14 and compound 1-28 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 90:10.

[0349] Example 10: The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-11 and 2-23 are used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer, the weight ratio of compounds HT-11 and 2-23 is adjusted to 95:5, and the thickness of the hole transport layer is adjusted to...

[0350] Example 11: The preparation method is the same as in Example 10, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 2-23 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 93:7.

[0351] Example 12: The preparation method is the same as in Example 10, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 2-23 in the hole injection layer is adjusted to 91:9.

[0352] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method was the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-11 and 5-1 were used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer (HIL, 94:6). ).

[0353] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 5-1 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 92:8.

[0354] Comparative Example 3: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound 5-1 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 90:10.

[0355] Comparative Example 4: The preparation method was the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-11 and PD-1 were used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer (HIL, 94:6). ).

[0356] Comparative Example 5: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 4, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound PD-1 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 92:8.

[0357] Comparative Example 6: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 4, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-11 and compound PD-1 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 90:10.

[0358] Comparative Example 7: The preparation method was the same as in Example 1, except that compounds HT-23 and 1-20 were used instead of compounds HT-11 and 1-27 as the hole injection layer (HIL, 94:6). And the compound HT-23 was used as the hole transport layer (HTL). ).

[0359] Comparative Example 8: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 7, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-23 and compound 1-20 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 92:8.

[0360] Comparative Example 9: The preparation method was the same as that of Comparative Example 7, except that the weight ratio of compound HT-23 and compound 1-20 in the hole injection layer was adjusted to 90:10.

[0361] The structure and thickness of some device layers are shown in Table 3. The layers, which use more than one material, are obtained by doping different compounds in their stated weight ratios.

[0362] Table 3. Partial device structures of Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-9

[0363]

[0364]

[0365] The material structure used in the device is shown below:

[0366]

[0367]

[0368] Table 4 summarizes the device performance of Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-9. Voltage (V), current efficiency (CE), power efficiency (PE), and external quantum efficiency (EQE) are calculated at a constant current density of 10 mA / cm². 2 The following measurements were taken.

[0369] Table 4. Device data for Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-9

[0370]

[0371]

[0372] discuss:

[0373] Examples 1-3 are compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, respectively:

[0374] Examples 1-3 all used compound 1-27 doped with compound HT-11 as the HIL, with mass doping ratios of compounds 1-27 of 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. As shown in Table 1, the energy level difference between compounds 1-27 and HT-11 is 0.12 eV, satisfying the constraint of being greater than -0.1 eV and less than 0.25 eV, i.e., having a small energy level difference. Furthermore, the unit doping lateral conductivity σ6, σ8, and σ of the common first organic layer in Examples 1-3 are also consistent. 10 They are 0.41×10 -4 S / m, 0.51×10 -4 S / m, 0.64×10 -4 S / m all satisfy greater than or equal to 0.05 × 10 -4 S / m and less than or equal to 1×10 -4 Limitation of S / m.

[0375] Comparative Examples 1-3 used compound 5-1 doped with compound HT-11 as the HIL, with mass doping ratios of compound 5-1 of 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. As shown in Table 1, the energy level difference between compound 5-1 and compound HT-11 is 0.09 eV, satisfying the constraint of being greater than -0.1 eV and less than 0.25 eV. However, the unit doping lateral conductivity of the common first organic layer in Comparative Examples 1-3 is very high, σ6, σ8, σ... 10 They are 4.75×10 -4 S / m, 4.60×10 -4 S / m, 4.60×10 -4 S / m, much higher than 1×10 - 4 S / m. Therefore, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, the HILs of Examples 1-3 have a specific low unit-doped lateral conductivity, ensuring that the hole lateral migration of the HIL is at a low level, which can significantly suppress lateral crosstalk. Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, the materials used in Comparative Examples 1-3 are commonly used materials in the industry, which already have very good device performance. Examples 1-3 have a similarly low voltage, and CE, PE, and EQE are further improved. It is evident that Examples 1-3 not only significantly suppress lateral crosstalk but also have excellent overall device performance.

[0376] Comparative Examples 4-6 used compound PD-1 doped with compound HT-11 as the HIL, with mass doping ratios of PD-1 of 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. Comparative Examples 7-9 used compounds 1-20 doped with compound HT-23 as the HIL, with mass doping ratios of compounds 1-20 of 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. As shown in Table 1, although the common first organic layer of these two sets of comparative examples has a low unit-doped lateral conductivity, the energy level difference between compounds PD-1 and HT-1 used in Comparative Examples 4-6 is 0.50 eV, and the energy level difference between compounds 1-20 and HT-23 used in Comparative Examples 7-9 is 0.26 eV. These energy level differences are relatively large, making it difficult to balance the carrier concentration in the organic layer. Compared to Comparative Examples 4-6 and 7-9, Examples 1-3 have smaller energy level differences and better energy level matching, which results in a suitable hole injection amount and a more balanced carrier concentration in the device, thus improving booster performance. As shown in Table 4, compared with Comparative Examples 4-6, the voltage of Examples 1-3 decreased by more than 3.8V, the PE increased by more than 58.8%, and although CE and EQE decreased slightly, they remained at a high level. Compared with Comparative Examples 7-9, the voltage of Examples 1-3 decreased by more than 1.2V, the PE increased by more than 17.4%, and CE and EQE also remained at a high level or increased slightly. This indicates that Examples 1-3, due to their suitable energy level difference, can further improve device performance, especially by significantly reducing device voltage, and have excellent overall device performance.

[0377] Examples 4-6 are compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, respectively:

[0378] Examples 4-6 used 6%, 8%, and 10% of compound 1-20 to dope compound HT-11 as HIL. As shown in Table 1, the energy level difference and unit doping transverse conductivity of Examples 4-6 meet the requirements of this application.

[0379] Compared to Comparative Examples 1-3, Examples 4-6 exhibit significantly reduced lateral crosstalk due to their low unit-doped lateral conductivity. Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, Examples 4-6 demonstrate voltages that are substantially equivalent to those of Comparative Examples 1-3, while simultaneously achieving a CE increase of over 9%, an EQE increase of over 7%, and a slightly reduced PE that remains at a high level, exhibiting excellent overall device performance.

[0380] Compared with Comparative Examples 4-6 and 7-9, Examples 4-6 have smaller energy level differences and better energy level matching. As shown in Table 4, compared with Comparative Examples 4-6, Examples 4-6 exhibit a voltage reduction of over 3.6V, a PE increase of over 47%, and while CE and EQE are slightly reduced, they remain at a high level. Compared with Comparative Examples 7-9, Examples 4-6 exhibit a voltage reduction of over 1.2V, and CE, PE, and EQE are further improved or remain at a high level. This indicates that Examples 4-6, due to their specific energy level differences, can further improve device performance, especially significantly reducing device voltage, demonstrating excellent overall device performance.

[0381] Examples 7-9 are compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, respectively:

[0382] Examples 7-9 use 6%, 8%, and 10% of compound 1-28 doped with compound HT-14 as HIL, respectively, and their energy level difference and unit doping transverse conductivity meet the requirements of this application.

[0383] Compared to Comparative Examples 1-3, Examples 7-9 exhibit low single-doped lateral conductivity, which significantly suppresses lateral crosstalk. Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, the voltages of Examples 7-9 are essentially equivalent to those of Comparative Examples 1-3, remaining at a low voltage level, while CE is improved by more than 12%, EQE by more than 9%, and PE is slightly improved, demonstrating excellent overall device performance.

[0384] Compared with Comparative Examples 4-6 and 7-9, Examples 7-9 have smaller energy level differences and better energy level matching. As shown in Table 4, compared with Comparative Examples 4-6, Examples 7-9 exhibit a voltage reduction of over 3.8V, a PE increase of over 64.7%, and CE and EQE remain at high levels; compared with Comparative Examples 7-9, Examples 7-9 exhibit a voltage reduction of over 1.2V, a PE increase of over 21.7%, and further improvements or maintenance of CE and EQE at high levels. This indicates that Examples 7-9, due to their suitable energy level differences, can further improve device performance, especially significantly reducing device voltage, demonstrating excellent overall device performance.

[0385] Examples 10-12 are compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, respectively:

[0386] Examples 10-12 used 5%, 7%, and 9% of compound 2-23 doped compound HT-11 as HIL, respectively. As shown in Table 1, the energy level difference and unit doping transverse conductivity of Examples 10-12 meet the requirements of this application.

[0387] Compared to Comparative Examples 1-3, Examples 10-12 significantly suppress lateral crosstalk due to their low unit-doped lateral conductivity. Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, Examples 10-12 exhibit low voltages comparable to Comparative Examples 1-3, and CE, PE, and EQE are further improved or maintained at high levels, demonstrating excellent overall device performance.

[0388] Compared with Comparative Examples 4-6 and 7-9, Examples 10-12 have smaller energy level differences and better energy level matching. As shown in Table 4, compared with Comparative Examples 4-6, Examples 10-12 show a voltage reduction of over 3.8V, a PE increase of over 58.8%, and while CE and EQE are slightly reduced, they remain at a high level. Compared with Comparative Examples 7-9, Examples 4-6 show a voltage reduction of over 1.2V, a PE increase of over 17.3%, and CE and EQE remain at a similarly high level. This indicates that Examples 10-12, due to their specific energy level differences, can further improve device performance, especially significantly reducing device voltage, and exhibit excellent overall device performance.

[0389] In summary, the specific energy level difference, high doping ratio, and low unit-doped lateral conductivity of the two materials in the common first organic layer all play a crucial role in device performance. In the common first organic layer of the active-matrix OLED display of this application, the energy levels of the first and second organic materials are matched, carrier balance is maintained in the organic layer, and the first organic material has a high mass doping ratio. This ensures sufficient hole injection, thereby improving the device's performance in terms of voltage and efficiency, resulting in excellent overall performance. Simultaneously, the low unit-doped lateral conductivity ensures low lateral hole migration in the common HIL layer, significantly suppressing lateral crosstalk between pixels in the display, offering significant advantages for commercial applications.

[0390] It should be understood that the various embodiments described herein are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the claimed invention may include variations of the specific embodiments and preferred embodiments described herein. Many of the materials and structures described herein can be substituted with other materials and structures without departing from the spirit of the invention. It should be understood that various theories regarding why the invention works are not intended to be limiting.

Claims

1. An active-matrix organic electroluminescent display comprising a plurality of pixels; Each of the plurality of pixels contains at least one organic electroluminescent device; The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode; in, The organic layer includes at least a common first organic layer, which is shared by at least two pixels; The common first organic layer comprises at least a first organic material and a second organic material; The LUMO energy level of the first organic material is LUMO 第一有机材料 The HOMO energy level of the second organic material is HOMO 第二有机材料 And -0.1eV <LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV; The mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, and 5 ≤ A ≤ 15; The transverse conductivity of the common first organic layer is B. A The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m.

2. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The organic electroluminescent device is a single-layer device, operating at 10 mA / cm². 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.5V under a constant current density; Preferably, at 10 mA / cm 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.4V under a constant current density; More preferably, at 10 mA / cm 2 The device voltage is less than or equal to 4.3V under a constant current density.

3. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The common first organic layer is a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer; Preferably, the first organic material is a p-type conductive doped material, and the second organic material is a hole transport material.

4. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, -0.05eV<LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 <0.25eV; Preferably, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.23eV; More preferably, 0eV≤LUMO 第一有机材料 -HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤0.19eV.

5. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The mass doping ratio of the first organic material in the common first organic layer is A%, 6≤A≤15; Preferably, 6 ≤ A ≤ 12; More preferably, 6 ≤ A ≤ 10.

6. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least one σ A Satisfying 0.06×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m; Preferably, there is at least one σ A Satisfying 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A <1×10 -4 S / m; More preferably, at least one σ A Satisfies 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

7. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least two σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m; Preferably, all σ A Satisfying 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m; More preferably, all σ A Satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤0.8×10 -4 S / m.

8. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, The unit doped lateral conductivity σ of the common first organic layer A =B A / A, and at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.05×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m; Preferably, at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.08×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m; More preferably, at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.1×10 -4 S / m≤σ A ≤1×10 -4 S / m; Most preferably, at least σ6, σ8, σ 10 All satisfy 0.15×10 -4 S / m<σ A <1×10 -4 S / m.

9. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 1, wherein, -5.30eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.80eV; Preferably, -5.20eV ≤ LUMO 第一有机材料 ≤-4.90eV.

10. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as claimed in claim 1, wherein, -5.35eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV; Preferably, -5.30eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV; More preferably, -5.25eV≤HOMO 第二有机材料 ≤-5.00eV.

11. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display of claim 1, wherein the lateral conductivity B of the common first organic layer A The testing method is as follows: the first organic material and the second organic material are placed in a vacuum of approximately 10... -6 Under Torr conditions, the film is deposited at a specific mass ratio onto a pre-prepared aluminum electrode substrate via co-evaporation, forming a test region with a thickness of 100 nm, a length of 6 mm, and a width of 1 mm. At room temperature, the resistance of this region is obtained by applying a voltage to the electrode and measuring the current. The transverse conductivity B of the film is then calculated based on Ohm's law and the geometric dimensions. A .

12. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first organic material is selected from the following compounds: quinones or quinone derivatives, axialenes, dehydrobenzoxazoles and dehydrobenzothiazoles, and bisoxazoles or bisthiazoles.

13. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The second organic material comprises any one or more chemical structural units selected from the group consisting of: triarylamines, carbazole, fluorene, spirodifluorene, thiophene, furan, phenyl, oligomeric phenylene oxide, oligomeric fluorene, and combinations thereof; Preferably, the second organic material is a monotriarylamine compound or a bistriarylamine compound.

14. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The organic layer includes a common second organic layer, which is shared by at least two pixels, and the common second organic layer is disposed between the common first organic layer and the cathode. Preferably, the common second organic layer and the common first organic layer are in direct contact; More preferably, the common second organic layer is a hole transport layer.

15. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as described in claim 14, wherein, The common second organic layer contains a third organic material; Preferably, the third organic material is the same as or different from the second organic material; More preferably, the third organic material is the same as the second organic material.

16. The active-matrix organic electroluminescent display as claimed in claim 14, wherein, The thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 20 nm; Preferably, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 60 nm; More preferably, the thickness of the common second organic layer is greater than or equal to 100 nm.

17. An electronic device comprising an active-matrix organic electroluminescent display according to any one of claims 1-16.

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