Regulation and control method, device and equipment for breathing machine and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a breathing machine regulation and control method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments and is applied to a regulation and control system of a breathing machine. The method comprises the steps that the breathing machine currently in the running state is monitored on the basis of a preset sensor, so that corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data are obtained; according to the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and the target PID controller, the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount are determined, and the flow rate and the pressure of the breathing machine are adjusted and controlled based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount; adjusting the real-time oxygen concentration data by using a proportional valve until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to the preset oxygen concentration data; adjusting the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current respirator, and skipping to the step of monitoring the respirator in the running state currently based on the preset sensor. In this way, accurate regulation and control of the breathing machine can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a ventilator control method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Precisely adjusting tidal volume, airway pressure, and oxygen concentration for different patients remains a significant technical challenge in ventilator control systems. Especially under dynamically changing breathing patterns, high-precision control of flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy. While the widely used PID (Proportional, Integral, Differential) control algorithm can achieve basic flow rate and pressure regulation, its parameters are often fixed and fail to fully incorporate individual patient differences (such as lung compliance and airway resistance). This results in significant fluctuations in control effectiveness among different patients and is prone to response lag or decreased accuracy during rapid changes in patient condition.

[0003] Meanwhile, ventilators rely on multi-sensor data for real-time control, involving the fusion and filtering of signals such as flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration. While common methods like Kalman filtering can smooth data, they can introduce significant errors when there is high noise or system model mismatch, leading to control distortion. Regarding oxygen concentration regulation, most systems still rely on proportional valves for fixed flow rate control, lacking the ability to intelligently adjust based on real-time volume and pressure changes, making multi-parameter collaborative optimization difficult.

[0004] In general, existing control schemes mostly focus on single parameters or fixed modes, and have not yet formed an adaptive regulation mechanism that can integrate flow rate, pressure, oxygen concentration, and patient physiological characteristics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an intelligent ventilator control strategy that can dynamically adjust control parameters, integrate multi-source information, and has good robustness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilator control method, device, equipment, and storage medium, which can achieve precise control of the ventilator. The specific solution is as follows: In a first aspect, this application discloses a ventilator control method, applied to a ventilator control system, comprising: The system monitors the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. The flow rate adjustment and pressure adjustment are determined by the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller, and the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator are adjusted and controlled based on the flow rate adjustment and the pressure adjustment. The ratio of oxygen flow rate to air flow rate in the total flow rate is adjusted to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data equals the preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of the inner loop PID controller. The parameters of the target PID controller are adjusted based on the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, and then the process jumps to the step of monitoring the ventilator in operation based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0006] Optionally, the monitoring of the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data includes: The system monitors the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding current flow rate data, current pressure data, and current oxygen concentration data. The current flow rate data, current pressure data, and current oxygen concentration data are denoised using a Kalman filter to obtain real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0007] Optionally, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment and pressure adjustment amounts through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment and the pressure adjustment amounts, includes: The flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller, and the proportional valve of the ventilator is controlled to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount. The pressure adjustment amount is determined based on the real-time pressure data and the outer loop PID controller, and the pressure of the ventilator is adjusted and controlled based on the pressure adjustment amount and the control mode of the ventilator.

[0008] Optionally, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner-loop PID controller, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount, includes: The flow rate error is determined based on the real-time flow rate data and the preset flow rate, and the flow rate error is substituted into the process adjustment determination formula corresponding to the inner loop PID controller to obtain the flow rate adjustment amount; the process adjustment determination formula is determined based on system stability, steady-state error and the response speed of the flow rate error.

[0009] Optionally, if the ventilator is in volume control mode, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner-loop PID controller, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment, includes: If the ventilator is in the first volume sub-mode of the volume control mode, the proportional valve of the ventilator is set to a preset fixed value, and the exhalation valve of the ventilator is controlled to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller. If the ventilator is in the second volume sub-mode of volume control mode, the exhalation valve of the ventilator will be closed, and the flow rate of the ventilator will be adjusted and controlled by the proportional valve of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller.

[0010] Optionally, adjusting the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current ventilator includes: The tidal volume change and airway pressure change collected by the ventilator are obtained, and the corresponding compliance data are calculated based on the tidal volume change and the airway pressure change. If the compliance data is greater than the first preset adjustment threshold, then the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller are increased based on the compliance data. If the compliance data is less than the second preset adjustment threshold, the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller are reduced based on the compliance data.

[0011] Optionally, after monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data, the method further includes: Determine whether the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are within the corresponding target value range; If the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are within the corresponding target value range, then the adjustment of the flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data shall be stopped. If the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are not within the corresponding target value range, then the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller is initiated.

[0012] Secondly, this application discloses a ventilator control device, applied to a ventilator control system, comprising: The ventilator data acquisition module is used to monitor the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. The flow rate and pressure regulation module is used to determine the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and the target PID controller, and to adjust and control the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount; The oxygen concentration adjustment module is used to adjust the ratio of oxygen flow rate to air flow rate in the total flow rate, so as to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to the preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of the inner loop PID controller. The step jump module is used to adjust the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current ventilator, and jump to the step of monitoring the ventilator in the current operating state based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0013] Thirdly, this application discloses an electronic device, including: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the aforementioned ventilator control method.

[0014] Fourthly, this application discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned ventilator control method.

[0015] As can be seen, in this application, the ventilator currently in operation is monitored based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data; the flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount are determined through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller, and the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator are adjusted and controlled based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount; the ratio of oxygen flow rate and air flow rate in the total flow rate is adjusted to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to the preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of the inner loop PID controller; the parameters of the target PID controller are adjusted based on the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, and the process jumps to the step of monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. In this way, by monitoring the ventilator data in real time and adjusting the control and parameters based on the real-time data obtained from the real-time monitoring and the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, the individual differences of different users can be taken into account, and the ventilator can be precisely controlled. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a ventilator control method disclosed in this application; Figure 2 This application discloses an airway pressure control waveform diagram; wherein, (a) is an airway pressure change diagram for adults; (b) is an airway pressure change diagram for children; and (c) is an airway pressure change diagram for infants and young children. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ventilator control device disclosed in this application; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Current ventilator control systems face the challenge of precisely adjusting parameters such as tidal volume, airway pressure, and oxygen concentration under different patient conditions. Therefore, this application will specifically introduce a ventilator control method that can solve the above problems.

[0020] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a ventilator control method, applied to a ventilator control system, including: Step S11: Monitor the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0021] In this embodiment, monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data includes: monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding current flow rate data, current pressure data, and current oxygen concentration data; and using a Kalman filter to denoise the current flow rate data, current pressure data, and current oxygen concentration data to obtain real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. That is, multiple sensors are used to monitor the patient's flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration in real time. The data collected by these sensors is transmitted to the control system and processed by a Kalman filter to reduce measurement noise and improve data accuracy. The Kalman filter combines current sensor data and predicted values, recursively performing minimum error estimation of the system state to obtain accurate flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration data.

[0022] The following formula is used in the prediction step using Kalman filtering: First, perform state prediction: ; in, This is the control input at time k-1, i.e., the proportional valve opening value at time k-1; A This is the state transition matrix, describing the evolution of the system state from the previous time step to the current time step. In this embodiment, it is a 3×3 identity matrix. ; B The control matrix describes the effect of control inputs on the system state. In this embodiment, it is a 3×1 zero matrix: ; HThis is the observation matrix, describing the relationship between the actual state and the measured values. Since the sensor directly measures each state variable, in this embodiment, it is taken as a 3×3 identity matrix: .

[0023] Error covariance prediction: ; in, For prior covariance estimation; Let be the posterior covariance of the previous time step; and Q be the process noise covariance. The prediction steps using Kalman filtering utilize the following formula: Then, Kalman gain: ; in, Kalman gain; R is the prior covariance estimate; R is the measurement noise covariance.

[0024] Further update the status: ; in, For posterior state estimation; For prior state estimation; Kalman gain; This is the current measurement value.

[0025] Update error covariance: ; in, For posterior covariance estimation; Kalman gain; This is for prior covariance estimation.

[0026] By using Kalman filtering, the system can correct the estimated values ​​of flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration in real time, ensuring data accuracy and providing high-quality input for the PID control system.

[0027] Step S12: Determine the flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount using the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller, and adjust and control the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount.

[0028] In this embodiment, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment and pressure adjustment amounts using the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment and pressure adjustment amounts, includes: determining the flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner-loop PID controller, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount; determining the pressure adjustment amount based on the real-time pressure data and the outer-loop PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the pressure of the ventilator based on the pressure adjustment amount and the control mode of the ventilator. That is, in this application, an inner-loop PID controller controls the flow rate, and an outer-loop PID controller controls the pressure; the two work together to achieve precise regulation of flow rate and pressure.

[0029] Specifically, the inner-loop PID control calculates and adjusts the flow rate by real-time monitoring the error between the flow rate fed back from the flow velocity sensor and the preset flow rate, ensuring precise control of the airflow rate. PID inner-loop formula: ; in, This refers to the velocity error, which is the difference between the actual velocity and the target velocity. This is the control value of the proportional valve, that is, the output voltage value of the proportional valve by the control system. This is a proportionality coefficient that determines the response speed to flow velocity errors; The integral coefficient is used to eliminate steady-state errors in flow rate control; The differential coefficient controls the rate of change of flow velocity error and improves system stability; This refers to the velocity error, which is the difference between the actual velocity and the target velocity.

[0030] It should be noted that the inner-loop algorithm is used to control two proportional valves, namely the air proportional valve and the oxygen proportional valve. Therefore, when the control value of the air proportional valve, `valve_data`, is needed, the difference between the real-time air flow rate and the target air flow rate must be used as the control value. Then, the control value valve_data of the air proportional valve is obtained through an algorithm; when the control value valve_data of the oxygen proportional valve is needed, the difference between the real-time oxygen flow rate and the target oxygen flow rate needs to be used as... Then, the control value of the oxygen proportional valve, valve_data, is obtained through an algorithm.

[0031] The document mentions that the real-time flow rate values ​​are obtained through flow rate sensors; specifically, an air flow rate sensor obtains the real-time air flow rate, and an oxygen flow rate sensor obtains the real-time oxygen flow rate. The target flow rate is calculated by using an outer-loop PID controller to obtain the target total flow rate (flow_total). Then, based on the target oxygen concentration, the oxygen and air flow rates are adjusted to obtain the target air flow rate and the target oxygen flow rate.

[0032] PID outer loop formula: ; in, This refers to the airway pressure error, which is the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure. The target total flow rate is the sum of the target oxygen flow rate and the target air flow rate. The outer loop outputs the target total flow rate, `flow_total`, which, based on the oxygen concentration ratio, yields the target air flow rate and the target oxygen flow rate, used in the inner loop PID algorithm. The inner and outer loop PID control work together to achieve precise flow rate control and airway pressure regulation.

[0033] The step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount, includes: determining the flow rate error based on the real-time flow rate data and the preset flow rate, and substituting the flow rate error into the process adjustment determination formula corresponding to the inner loop PID controller to obtain the flow rate adjustment amount; the process adjustment determination formula is determined based on system stability, steady-state error, and the response speed of the flow rate error. If the ventilator is in volume control mode, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount, includes: if the ventilator is in the first volume sub-mode of volume control mode, setting the proportional valve of the ventilator to a preset fixed value, and controlling the exhalation valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller; if the ventilator is in the second volume sub-mode of volume control mode, closing the exhalation valve of the ventilator, and controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller.

[0034] Specifically, the core control strategy of the ventilator is based on intelligent regulation under pressure control and volume control modes. In pressure control mode, the control system uses a PID inner loop to regulate flow rate and a proportional valve for flow rate control. The PID outer loop adjusts the flow rate according to changes in airway pressure to ensure that the airway pressure remains stable within the set range. In volume control mode, the primary focus is on flow rate control, still using the PID inner loop for flow rate regulation. When the ventilator is in the second quantum mode (high volume) of volume control, the exhalation valve is closed and the inspiratory proportional valve is directly controlled in a closed-loop flow rate manner to ensure precise control under high volume conditions. When the ventilator is in the first volume sub-mode (low volume) of volume control, the inspiratory proportional valve is set to a fixed flow rate (BaseFlow), and the control of the exhalation valve is adjusted according to compliance. This overcomes the problem of slow and unstable response of the proportional valve at low flow rates and allows for a smooth transition from volume control mode to pressure control mode.

[0035] Step S13: Adjust the ratio of oxygen flow rate to air flow rate in the total flow rate to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to the preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of the inner loop PID controller.

[0036] In this embodiment, the oxygen concentration is adjusted throughout the process by controlling the flow rate ratio of the proportional valve. The oxygen concentration ratio is preset by the user, and the system adjusts the flow rate of the proportional valve according to this ratio to ensure that the oxygen concentration inhaled by the patient reaches the expected level.

[0037] It's important to clarify that the target value of the inner-loop PID controller refers to the total flow rate required in either capacity control or pressure control mode. In capacity control mode, the target total flow rate is obtained by dividing the target capacity by the inhalation time. For pressure control mode, the outer-loop PID controller is used. First, the target pressure is input into the PID algorithm. Then, based on the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure, a PID algorithm output is obtained, and this output is ultimately determined as the target total flow rate in pressure control mode. Therefore, in this application, there are three target values: a flow rate target value, a pressure target value, and an oxygen concentration target value. For the flow rate target value, in capacity control mode, it is capacity / inhalation time; in pressure control mode, it is the output value obtained from the outer-loop algorithm. In other words, in pressure control mode, it is the total flow rate required to achieve the pressure value the user wants to reach.

[0038] Step S14: Adjust the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current ventilator, and jump to the step of monitoring the ventilator in the current operating state based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0039] In this embodiment, adjusting the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current ventilator includes: acquiring the tidal volume change and airway pressure change collected by the ventilator, and calculating the corresponding compliance data based on the tidal volume change and airway pressure change; if the compliance data is greater than a first preset adjustment threshold, then increasing the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller based on the compliance data; if the compliance data is less than a second preset adjustment threshold, then decreasing the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller based on the compliance data.

[0040] Specifically, compliance is an important indicator reflecting a patient's airway and lungs' ability to respond to pressure and flow rate. By calculating patient compliance in real time, the system can dynamically adjust PID control parameters based on changes in compliance to ensure optimal ventilation.

[0041] The basic formula for compliance calculation is: ; in, For compliance, For changes in tidal volume, This refers to changes in airway pressure.

[0042] By calculating patient compliance, the system can adjust the PID control parameters: When the compliance is high, increase the proportional coefficient of the outer loop PID controller. and integral coefficient This aims to improve the response speed of the pressure control loop. From a control theory perspective, the airway pressure loop in highly compliant patients exhibits a large inertia and time constant, resulting in a relatively slow response to pressure commands. Appropriately increasing... It can provide stronger correction when pressure deviations occur, enabling airway pressure to quickly and accurately track the target pressure curve, avoiding ventilation delays or patient-ventilator asynchrony caused by slow response. It should be noted that the control target of this invention is airway pressure itself, not tidal volume; increasing... This is to allow the actual pressure to reach the set target pressure value more quickly. The target pressure value itself is constrained by the safety upper limit set by the clinician, and the output of the PID controller is physically limited by the hardware and actuator, so the pressure will not be increased indefinitely, thereby effectively avoiding the risk of excessive stretching of the alveoli.

[0043] When compliance is low, reduce the proportional coefficient of the outer loop PID controller. and integral coefficient This is designed to enhance system stability. Airway pressure circuits in patients with low compliance exhibit high stiffness and are prone to oscillation; excessive gain can easily cause pressure overshoot and oscillation. By reducing... and This system effectively suppresses pressure fluctuations and ensures stable pressure delivery. For patients with low compliance and alveolar collapse, this system does not simply rely on increasing pressure. Instead, it optimizes the stability of pressure delivery and, in conjunction with preset ventilation strategies (such as appropriately extending inspiratory time and adjusting PEEP), achieves the re-expansion of collapsed alveoli, improving oxygenation and ventilation. Therefore, compliance calculation results are used to dynamically adjust PID control parameters, enabling the control system to achieve an optimal balance between response speed and control stability based on the patient's individualized lung mechanics characteristics. This ensures pressure control accuracy while also considering ventilation efficiency and patient safety, thereby achieving precise and safe ventilation therapy.

[0044] In practical operation, it is assumed that the compliance of adults is C=40 ml / cmH2O (adults), the compliance of children is C=20 ml / cmH2O (children), and the compliance of newborns is C=5 ml / cmH2O (newborns). To maintain the airway pressure at a uniform 20 cmH2O, the outer loop PID proportional coefficient is adjusted. and integral coefficient When setting it up, you need to adjust the PID in the outer loop for adults. Set to 3.15. Set to 2.15; the outer loop PID of the child needs to be adjusted. Set to 0.65, Set to 0.55; the outer loop PID of the newborn needs to be adjusted. Set to 0.005. Set to 0.001. Wherein, Figure 2 (a) shows the airway pressure changes in adults, (b) in children, and (c) in infants and young children. Appropriate settings are implemented for different levels of compliance. and Only by controlling the pressure can the target pressure be reached within a specified time without pressure overshoot; this is a crucial prerequisite for pressure control. Therefore, it can be reasonably deduced that, with high compliance, to achieve the target airway pressure, the outer loop PID proportional coefficient needs to be adjusted. and integral coefficient Increasing the outer loop PID proportional coefficient, especially when compliance is low, is necessary to achieve the target airway pressure. and integral coefficient Decrease. Similarly, the compliance of a normal adult is not constant; it fluctuates under different physical conditions. Therefore, to achieve the target airway pressure, when compliance increases, the outer loop PID proportional coefficient needs to be reduced. and integral coefficient Increasing the proportional coefficient of the outer loop PID controller will reduce compliance; therefore, the proportional coefficient of the outer loop PID controller needs to be adjusted. and integral coefficient Decrease.

[0045] In this embodiment, after monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data, the method further includes: determining whether the real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data are within the corresponding target value range; if the real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data are within the corresponding target value range, then the adjustment of the flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data is stopped; if the real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data are not within the corresponding target value range, then the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and target PID controller is initiated.

[0046] Specifically, this application employs a three-level closed-loop collaborative control method to ensure precise real-time adjustment of various ventilator parameters under different clinical needs. The first closed loop monitors and adjusts the airflow rate in real time using a flow rate sensor, with an inner-loop PID control proportional valve to ensure accurate airflow control. The second closed loop uses a pressure sensor to provide airway pressure feedback, with an outer-loop PID control of the flow rate to ensure stable airway pressure. The third closed loop uses an oxygen concentration sensor to provide oxygen concentration feedback, automatically adjusting the distribution of oxygen and airflow to ensure the patient's inhaled oxygen concentration remains within the treatment target range. Furthermore, to ensure the system has a certain degree of anti-interference capability during stable operation and can quickly react and adjust when there is a large deviation between the target and actual values, this application establishes a three-level closed-loop control strategy. Fixed value ranges and adjustment threshold ranges for flow rate, pressure, and oxygen concentration are set to ensure system stability and responsiveness. When the target value reaches the set fixed value range, the system stops adjusting that target value to ensure stable operation. When the target value exceeds the set adjustment threshold range, the system restarts the adjustment mechanism, automatically adjusting the control parameters according to the current control error to ensure a rapid return to the target range.

[0047] It's important to note that in capacity control mode, the target values ​​in this step are the target flow rate and the target oxygen concentration; in pressure control mode, the target values ​​are the target pressure, the target flow rate, and the target oxygen concentration. Specifically, in pressure control mode, the outer-loop PID controller (based on the actual and target pressures, processed by an algorithm) obtains the target total flow rate, and then the inner-loop PID controller (based on the previously obtained target and actual total flow rates, processed by an algorithm) obtains the proportional valve control value. In capacity control mode, the target total flow rate is obtained based on the capacity / inhalation time, and then the target oxygen and air values ​​are obtained based on the oxygen concentration ratio. The inner-loop PID controller obtains the oxygen proportional valve control value based on the target oxygen flow rate and the actual oxygen flow rate, and the air proportional valve control value based on the target air flow rate and the actual air flow rate. In general, the inner-loop PID controller operates the same in both pressure and capacity control modes: the target total flow rate is used to divide the air and oxygen flow rates based on the oxygen concentration. Both air and oxygen flow rates are controlled using corresponding PID algorithms to control the air and oxygen proportional valves. Therefore, adjusting the oxygen concentration involves adjusting the ratio between the two while keeping the total flow rate constant.

[0048] This adjustment mechanism maintains stability while effectively responding to various emergencies and disturbances, achieving three-level closed-loop control. Through this three-level closed-loop control, the present invention can quickly adapt to the needs of different patients and adjust various control parameters in real time, thereby improving treatment efficacy and safety.

[0049] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the ventilator currently in operation is monitored based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. The flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount are determined using the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller. The flow rate and pressure of the ventilator are then adjusted and controlled based on these adjustments. The ratio of oxygen flow rate to air flow rate in the total flow rate is adjusted to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until it equals the preset oxygen concentration data. The total flow rate is the target value of the inner-loop PID controller. The parameters of the target PID controller are adjusted based on the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, and the process returns to the step of monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. In this way, by monitoring the ventilator data in real time and adjusting the control and parameters based on the real-time data obtained from the monitoring and the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, individual differences among different users can be taken into account, achieving precise control of the ventilator.

[0050] refer to Figure 3 The present application also discloses a ventilator control device, applied to a ventilator control system, comprising: The ventilator data acquisition module 11 is used to monitor the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data. The flow rate and pressure regulation module 12 is used to determine the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and the target PID controller, and to adjust and control the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount. The oxygen concentration adjustment module 13 is used to adjust the ratio of oxygen flow rate and air flow rate in the total flow rate to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to the preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of the inner loop PID controller. The step jump module 14 is used to adjust the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the current ventilator, and jump to the step of monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0051] As can be seen, in this embodiment, by monitoring the ventilator data in real time and adjusting the control and parameters based on the real-time data obtained from the real-time monitoring and the compliance data calculated by the ventilator, the individual differences of different users can be taken into account, and the ventilator can be precisely controlled.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the ventilator data acquisition module 11 may specifically include: The ventilator data acquisition unit is used to monitor the ventilator currently in operation based on preset sensors to obtain the corresponding current flow rate data, current pressure data and current oxygen concentration data; The data processing unit is used to perform noise reduction processing on the current flow rate data, the current pressure data, and the current oxygen concentration data using a Kalman filter to obtain real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the flow rate and pressure regulation module 12 may specifically include: The inner loop PID control submodule is used to determine the flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller, and to control the proportional valve of the ventilator to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount. The outer loop PID control submodule is used to determine the pressure adjustment amount based on the real-time pressure data and the outer loop PID controller, and to adjust and control the pressure of the ventilator based on the pressure adjustment amount and the control mode of the ventilator.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the inner loop PID control submodule can be used to determine the flow rate error based on the real-time flow rate data and the preset flow rate, and substitute the flow rate error into the process adjustment determination formula corresponding to the inner loop PID controller to obtain the flow rate adjustment amount; the process adjustment determination formula is determined based on system stability, steady-state error and the response speed of the flow rate error.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the inner-loop PID control submodule may specifically include: The first volume control unit is used to set the proportional valve of the ventilator to a preset fixed value when the ventilator is in the first volume sub-mode of the volume control mode, and to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator by controlling the exhalation valve of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller. The second volume control unit is configured to close the exhalation valve of the ventilator when the ventilator is in the second volume sub-mode of the volume control mode, and to adjust the flow rate of the ventilator by controlling the proportional valve of the ventilator based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the step jump module 14 may specifically include: The compliance data acquisition unit is used to acquire the tidal volume change and airway pressure change collected by the ventilator, and calculate the corresponding compliance data based on the tidal volume change and the airway pressure change. The parameter amplification processing unit is used to increase and adjust the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller based on the compliance data if the compliance data is greater than a first preset adjustment threshold. The parameter reduction processing unit is used to reduce the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller based on the compliance data if the compliance data is less than a second preset adjustment threshold.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, the ventilator control device may further include: The data judgment module is used to determine whether the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are within the corresponding target value range; The operation pause module is used to stop adjusting the flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data if the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are in the corresponding target value range. The operation startup module is used to initiate the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount and pressure adjustment amount by means of the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and the real-time oxygen concentration data if the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and the real-time oxygen concentration data are not in the corresponding target value range.

[0058] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The content of the diagram should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0059] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the electronic device 20 may include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the ventilator control method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. Alternatively, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be an electronic computer.

[0060] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0061] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk or optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon can include operating system 221, computer program 222, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0062] The operating system 221 is used to manage and control the various hardware devices on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, which may be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. In addition to including a computer program capable of performing the ventilator control method executed by the electronic device 20 as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, the computer program 222 may further include a computer program capable of performing other specific tasks.

[0063] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned ventilator control method. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0066] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0068] The technical solutions provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method of ventilator regulation, the method comprising: A control system applied to a ventilator, comprising: monitoring the ventilator currently in a running state based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data; determining a flow rate adjustment amount and a pressure adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and a target PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount; adjusting the proportion of oxygen flow rate and air flow rate in the total flow rate to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is the target value of an inner loop PID controller; adjusting the parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data currently calculated by the ventilator, and jumping to the step of monitoring the ventilator currently in a running state based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

2. The ventilator regulation method of claim 1, wherein, The step of monitoring the ventilator currently in a running state based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data, comprises: monitoring the ventilator currently in a running state based on preset sensors to obtain corresponding current flow rate data, current pressure data and current oxygen concentration data; using a Kalman filter to denoise the current flow rate data, the current pressure data and the current oxygen concentration data to obtain real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

3. The ventilator regulation method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining a flow rate adjustment amount and a pressure adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data and a target PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate and pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount, comprises: determining a flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and an inner loop PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and a proportional valve of the ventilator; determining a pressure adjustment amount based on the real-time pressure data and an outer loop PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the pressure of the ventilator based on the pressure adjustment amount and a control mode of the ventilator.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The step of determining a flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and an inner loop PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and a proportional valve of the ventilator, comprises: determining a flow rate error based on the real-time flow rate data and a preset flow rate, and substituting the flow rate error into a flow adjustment determination formula corresponding to the inner loop PID controller to obtain a flow rate adjustment amount; the flow adjustment determination formula is determined based on system stability, steady-state error and response speed of the flow rate error.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, If the ventilator is in a volume control mode, the step of determining a flow rate adjustment amount based on the real-time flow rate data and an inner loop PID controller, and adjusting and controlling the flow rate of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and a proportional valve of the ventilator, comprises: If the ventilator is in a first volume sub-mode in the volume control mode, a proportional valve of the ventilator is set to a preset fixed value, and an exhalation valve of the ventilator is controlled based on real-time flow rate data and an inner loop PID controller to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator. If the ventilator is in a second volume sub-mode in the volume control mode, the exhalation valve of the ventilator is closed, and the proportional valve of the ventilator is controlled based on the real-time flow rate data and the inner loop PID controller to adjust and control the flow rate of the ventilator.

6. The ventilator regulation method of claim 1, wherein, The parameters of the target PID controller are adjusted based on current compliance data calculated by the ventilator, including: The tidal volume change and the airway pressure change collected by the ventilator are obtained, and corresponding compliance data are calculated based on the tidal volume change and the airway pressure change; If the compliance data is greater than a first preset adjustment threshold, the parameters of an outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller are increased based on the compliance data; If the compliance data is less than a second preset adjustment threshold, the parameters of the outer loop PID controller in the target PID controller are decreased based on the compliance data.

7. The method of claim 1-6, wherein, After the ventilator in a running state is monitored based on a preset sensor to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data, the method further includes: It is judged whether the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are in corresponding target value regions, respectively; If the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are in the corresponding target value regions, the adjustment of the flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data is stopped; If the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the real-time oxygen concentration data are not in the corresponding target value regions, the step of determining the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and the target PID controller is started.

8. A breathing machine regulating device, characterized by, A regulation system applied to a ventilator includes: A ventilator data acquisition module is configured to monitor a ventilator in a running state based on a preset sensor to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data, and real-time oxygen concentration data. A flow rate and pressure adjustment module is configured to determine a flow rate adjustment amount and a pressure adjustment amount through the real-time flow rate data, the real-time pressure data, and a target PID controller, and to adjust and control the flow rate and the pressure of the ventilator based on the flow rate adjustment amount and the pressure adjustment amount. An oxygen concentration adjustment module is configured to adjust the proportion of oxygen flow rate and air flow rate in total flow rate to adjust the real-time oxygen concentration data until the real-time oxygen concentration data is equal to preset oxygen concentration data; the total flow rate is a target value of an inner loop PID controller. The step jump module is configured to adjust parameters of the target PID controller based on the compliance data calculated by the ventilator currently, and jump to a step of monitoring the ventilator currently in operation based on the preset sensor to obtain corresponding real-time flow rate data, real-time pressure data and real-time oxygen concentration data.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The ventilator comprises: a memory configured to store a computer program; a processor configured to execute the computer program to implement the ventilator regulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program is stored in the memory and is executed by the processor to implement the ventilator regulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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