Engine fuel injection pump gear automatic assembly device, assembly method and production line

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic assembling device and method for an engine fuel injection pump gear and a production line, and belongs to the technical field of engine part assembling. The device comprises a lifting device used for driving a gear to ascend and descend in the axial direction of a fuel injection pump shaft; the rotating device is arranged on the lifting device; the floating device is arranged on the rotating device and is used for clamping the gear; the rotating device is suitable for driving the floating device to rotate so as to drive a gear on the floating device to rotate around the axis of the gear. The floating device comprises an elastic energy storage mechanism which can be compressed in the axial direction, the elastic energy storage mechanism is compressed to store energy when the gear makes contact with the end face of the pump shaft but the key groove is not aligned, elastic force is released after the key groove is aligned with a key on the pump shaft, and the gear is pushed into the pump shaft to complete meshing. Through an integrated lifting, rotating and axial floating elastic energy storage mechanism, automatic locating, flexible tooth alignment and high-precision assembly of the fuel injection pump gear under the condition of no visual guidance are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of engine component assembly technology, specifically relating to an automatic assembly device, assembly method and production line for engine fuel injection pump gears. Background Technology

[0002] In the assembly process of a diesel engine, the fuel injection pump, as the core component controlling fuel supply, directly affects the engine's operating performance and reliability through the precision of its assembly with the drive gear.

[0003] Traditional assembly methods typically rely on manual operation, involving visually aligning the keyways and key teeth before manually pressing them in. This method is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also highly susceptible to damage from angular deviations or axial impacts, leading to keyway damage, gear misalignment, and even pump shaft deformation, severely impacting product consistency and lifespan. As engine manufacturing evolves towards higher precision, faster turnaround times, and automation, traditional manual assembly can no longer meet the dual requirements of modern intelligent manufacturing for both quality stability and production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address at least one of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides an automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears. By integrating lifting, rotating and axial floating elastic energy storage mechanisms, the fuel injection pump gears can automatically locate, flexibly align and complete high-precision assembly without visual guidance.

[0005] A second aspect of this application provides a method for assembling gears for an engine fuel injection pump.

[0006] A third aspect of this application provides an automated assembly line for engine fuel injection pump gears.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: The first aspect of this application provides an automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears, comprising: The lifting device is used to drive the gear to move up and down along the axial direction of the fuel injection pump shaft; A rotating device is provided on the lifting device; A floating device is provided on the rotating device and is used to clamp the gear; The rotating device is adapted to drive the floating device to rotate, so as to drive the gear on the floating device to rotate around its own axis; The floating device includes an axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism. The elastic energy storage mechanism is compressed and stores energy when the gear contacts the pump shaft end face but the keyway is not aligned. After the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft, the elastic force is released, pushing the gear into the pump shaft to complete the engagement.

[0008] According to the automatic assembly device for engine injection pump gears provided in the first aspect of this application, firstly, the lifting device drives the gear clamped on the floating device to move up and down axially along the pump shaft of the injection pump, so that the end face of the gear approaches the pump shaft; when the end face of the gear contacts the end of the pump shaft but the keyway is not yet aligned, due to the angular misalignment between the key on the pump shaft and the keyway in the gear's inner hole, the gear cannot be directly fitted in. At this time, continuing to apply a small downward pressure will compress the axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism (such as a spring or elastic cylinder) in the floating device, storing elastic potential energy; at the same time, the rotating device drives the floating device and the clamped gear to slowly rotate around their own axis. During the rotation, once the gear keyway is exactly aligned with the key on the pump shaft, the resistance drops sharply, and the elastic energy storage mechanism immediately releases the stored energy, generating an instantaneous axial thrust, which quickly and smoothly pushes the gear into the pump shaft to complete the engagement. This process does not rely on a high-precision vision recognition system or complex servo control, but only on the adaptive "probing-alignment-triggering" mechanism of the mechanical structure to achieve a high success rate of non-destructive assembly. It significantly improves the level of assembly automation and cycle efficiency, avoiding assembly damage or poor consistency caused by manual operation; through elastic buffering and self-positioning mechanism, it effectively protects gear keyways and pump shafts from rigid impacts, improving assembly yield.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the elastic energy storage mechanism includes a lower support plate, an upper support plate, and a floating spring; The two ends of the floating spring abut against the lower bearing plate and the upper bearing plate, respectively; The floating springs are evenly arranged around the lower bearing plate.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the floating device further includes: Gear positioning seat, used to support gears; Gear grippers are used to clamp or release gears; A clamping cylinder is used to drive the gear gripper to perform clamping or releasing actions; The clamping cylinder, the gear gripper, and the gear positioning seat are all located within the support area of ​​the upper bearing plate.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the preload of the floating spring is greater than the total weight of the upper bearing plate, the clamping cylinder, the gear chuck, and the gear positioning seat, and less than the critical load that causes plastic deformation of the gear or pump shaft.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the rotating device includes a servo motor, a drive gear, and a disc bearing gear; The servo motor is adapted to drive the drive gear, which in turn drives the disc bearing gear to rotate, thereby driving the entire floating device to rotate.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, the lifting device includes a lifting cylinder and a lifting bracket. The lifting cylinder is adapted to drive the lifting bracket to rise and fall, and the lifting bracket drives the rotating device and the floating device to rise and fall.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a method for assembling engine fuel injection pump gears based on the automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears in any of the first aspects described above, comprising: Position and clamp the fuel injection pump at the assembly station; The gear is placed on the gear positioning seat of the floating device, and the gear chuck is driven by the clamping cylinder to clamp the gear. Activate the lifting device to align the gear shaft with the fuel injection pump shaft shaft. Start the rotating device to drive the gear to rotate continuously, so that its keyway performs a 360° mechanical scan of the key on the pump shaft. During rotation, when the keyway is not aligned, the gear end face contacts the pump shaft end face, generating an axial reaction force that compresses the elastic energy storage mechanism in the floating device, causing the gear to retract slightly. When the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft, the axial resistance decreases, the elastic energy storage mechanism releases the stored elastic force, and pushes the gear into the pump shaft to complete the engagement; The servo tightening shaft is activated to automatically tighten the gear and lock the nut, completing the assembly.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, the rotational speed of the drive gear is set to be 0.5 rpm to 3 rpm.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the method further includes: After the gear is pushed into the pump shaft to complete the engagement, a displacement sensor or pressure sensor is used to detect whether the gear is fully in place.

[0017] A third aspect of this application provides an automated assembly line for engine fuel injection pump gears, comprising: The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears in any embodiment of the first aspect as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear assembly process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] in, 11. Lifting device; 111. Lifting cylinder; 112. Lifting bracket; 12. Rotating device; 121. Servo motor; 122. Drive gear; 123. Disc bearing gear; 13. Floating device; 131. Elastic energy storage mechanism; 1311. Lower bearing plate; 1312. Upper bearing plate; 1313. Floating spring; 132. Gear positioning seat; 133. Gear gripper; 134. Clamping cylinder; 2. Pump shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this application and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a first aspect of this application provides an automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears, comprising: The lifting device 11 is used to drive the gear to move up and down along the axial direction of the fuel injection pump shaft 2; The rotating device 12 is mounted on the lifting device 11; A floating device 13 is disposed on the rotating device 12 and is used to clamp the gear; The rotating device 12 is adapted to drive the floating device 13 to rotate, so as to drive the gear on the floating device 13 to rotate around its own axis. The floating device 13 includes an axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism 131. The elastic energy storage mechanism 131 is compressed and stores energy when the gear contacts the end face of the pump shaft 2 but the keyway is not aligned. After the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft 2, the elastic force is released, pushing the gear into the pump shaft 2 to complete the engagement.

[0026] The lifting device 11, as the basic execution unit of the entire mechanism, is used to drive the gear 122 to move precisely up and down along the axial direction of the fuel injection pump shaft 2, so as to realize the approach, contact and final pressing action between the gear and the end of the pump shaft 2. The rotating device 12 is installed on the lifting device 11. Its function is to drive the clamped gear to slowly rotate around its own central axis after the gear is raised and lowered into place, so as to scan the circumferential position of the pump shaft 2 and find the alignment angle between the keyway and the key. The floating device 13 is located at the output end of the rotating device 12. It is used to reliably clamp the gear to be assembled and has the ability to float freely along the axial direction. Its core is an axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism 131 (such as a compression spring, disc spring assembly, or pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder). When the gear end face contacts the end of the pump shaft 2 but the keyway is not yet aligned, the mechanism is compressed because it cannot continue to descend, thus storing elastic potential energy. Once the keyway in the gear's inner hole is aligned with the key on the pump shaft 2 during rotation, the resistance disappears instantly, and the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 immediately releases energy, generating an instantaneous axial thrust to quickly and smoothly push the gear into the pump shaft 2 to complete the engagement. The above components are compact in structure and have clear functions. They achieve adaptive assembly of "contact-rotational positioning-elastic triggering" through a purely mechanical means, without relying on external visual recognition or high-precision servo feedback systems, which significantly improves the reliability of the assembly.

[0027] According to the automatic assembly device for engine injection pump gear provided in the first aspect embodiment of this application, firstly, the lifting device 11 drives the gear clamped on the floating device 13 to move up and down axially along the pump shaft 2 of the injection pump, so that the end face of the gear approaches the pump shaft 2; when the end face of the gear contacts the end of the pump shaft 2 but the keyway is not yet aligned, the gear cannot be directly fitted in because there is an angular misalignment between the key on the pump shaft 2 and the keyway in the inner hole of the gear. At this time, the continued application of a small downward pressure will compress the axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism 131 (such as a spring or elastic cylinder) in the floating device 13, storing elastic potential energy; at the same time, the rotating device 12 drives the floating device 13 and the clamped gear to slowly rotate around its own axis. During the rotation, once the keyway of the gear is just aligned with the key on the pump shaft 2, the resistance drops sharply, and the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 immediately releases the stored energy, generating an instantaneous axial thrust, which pushes the gear into the pump shaft 2 quickly and smoothly to complete the engagement. This process does not rely on high-precision vision recognition systems or complex servo control; it achieves high-success-rate non-destructive assembly solely through the adaptive "probe-align-trigger" mechanism of the mechanical structure. It significantly improves assembly automation and cycle time efficiency, avoiding assembly damage or poor consistency issues caused by manual operation. Furthermore, the elastic buffer and self-aligning mechanism effectively protect the gear keyway and pump shaft 2 from rigid impacts, improving assembly yield.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 includes a lower support plate 1311, an upper support plate 1312, and a floating spring 1313; The two ends of the floating spring 1313 abut against the lower bearing plate 1311 and the upper bearing plate 1312 respectively; The floating springs 1313 are evenly arranged around the lower bearing plate 1311.

[0029] Based on the above structure, it can ensure uniform force and smooth movement during axial compression, avoid gear tilting or jamming due to unilateral load, and effectively improve the balance between radial stiffness and axial compliance of the system through the circumferentially distributed spring layout.

[0030] During assembly, when the gear end face contacts the pump shaft 2 but the keyway is not aligned, the entire floating device 13 is obstructed from descending, and the floating springs 1313 are uniformly compressed and store energy. Once rotated to the keyway alignment position, the resistance drops sharply, and each spring releases its elastic force synchronously, generating a concentrated and consistent axial thrust, which drives the gear to quickly and without impact to complete the meshing. This structure significantly enhances the stability and repeatability of the assembly process, while reducing sensitivity to manufacturing errors and initial positioning deviations. In addition, the evenly distributed multi-spring design improves the load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of the device, and facilitates maintenance and replacement.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the floating device 13 further includes: Gear positioning seat 132 is used to support the gear; Gear gripper 133 is used to clamp or release gears; Clamping cylinder 134 is used to drive the gripper of gear 122 to perform clamping or releasing actions; The clamping cylinder 134, the gear gripper 133, and the gear positioning seat 132 are all located within the support area of ​​the upper bearing plate 1312.

[0032] The gear positioning seat 132 is fixed within the support area of ​​the upper bearing plate 1312 to support and initially position the gear to be assembled, ensuring that its axis remains coaxial with the pump shaft 2. The gear gripper 133 is arranged around the outer circumference of the gear, enabling radial clamping to prevent gear displacement or detachment during rotational positioning or press-fitting. The clamping cylinder 134, as the actuator, is mounted on the upper bearing plate 1312 and directly drives the gear gripper 122 to complete clamping or releasing operations, providing rapid response and easy control. Since all components are integrated within the support area of ​​the upper bearing plate 1312, the overall structure is compact and the center of gravity is stable. It forms an integrated floating unit with the elastic energy storage mechanism 131, maintaining synchronous movement during lifting and rotation. This ensures the reliability of the clamping force without affecting the free compression and rebound of the floating device 13 in the axial direction. This not only improves the repeatability and automation level of gear clamping but also avoids external interference, making the entire assembly process smoother and more efficient, while facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the preload of the floating spring 1313 is greater than the total weight of the upper bearing plate 1312, the clamping cylinder 134, the gear chuck 133 and the gear positioning seat 132, and less than the critical load that causes plastic deformation of the gear or pump shaft 2.

[0034] On the one hand, the preload is greater than the total weight of the floating components such as the upper bearing plate 1312, clamping cylinder 134, gear chuck 133 and gear positioning seat 132, ensuring that the entire floating device 13 can maintain a stable initial compression state when there is no external force, avoiding loosening or shaking due to its own weight, thereby maintaining the attitude stability and axial following of the gear during the rotational positioning process; on the other hand, the preload is strictly less than the critical load for plastic deformation of the gear or pump shaft 2 material, effectively preventing damage such as key crushing, end face indentation or micro-deformation of shaft parts caused by continuous pressing when the keyway is not aligned.

[0035] By balancing the conflict between "sufficient contact force for reliable positioning" and "avoiding overload damage," the device possesses inherent safety margins for assembly without requiring an external force control system. This not only enhances the flexibility and safety of the assembly process but also significantly improves its adaptability to tolerances of different batches of parts, ensuring high yield and equipment reliability during long-term operation.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the rotating device 12 includes a servo motor 121, a drive gear 122, and a disc bearing gear 123; The servo motor 121 is adapted to drive the drive gear 122, which in turn drives the disc bearing gear 123 to rotate, thereby driving the floating device 13 to rotate as a whole.

[0037] Specifically, the servo motor 121 serves as the power source, driving the drive gear 122 to rotate via its output shaft. The drive gear 122 meshes with the disc bearing gear 123 fixed to the bottom of the lower support plate 1311, thereby smoothly transmitting the rotational motion to the entire floating device 13. The disc bearing gear 123 has both transmission and support functions, and is typically integrated with a slewing bearing structure, enabling low-friction, high-coaxiality rotational motion while bearing certain axial and radial loads.

[0038] By utilizing the high responsiveness and precise angle control capability of the servo motor 121, the gear can rotate at a set low speed during the positioning process, ensuring that the keyway and the pump shaft 2 keys are fully "scanned" and reliably aligned. At the same time, the gear transmission method has a compact structure, good rigidity, and strong resistance to oil contamination, making it more suitable for the complex working conditions of the engine assembly site compared to belt or direct drive solutions.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the lifting device 11 includes a lifting cylinder 111 and a lifting bracket 112. The lifting cylinder 111 is adapted to drive the lifting bracket 112 to rise and fall, and the lifting bracket 112 drives the rotating device 12 and the floating device 13 to rise and fall.

[0040] The lifting cylinder 111, acting as the actuator, drives the piston rod to extend and retract via compressed air, thereby causing the lifting bracket 112 connected to it to smoothly rise or fall in the vertical direction (i.e., the axial direction of the fuel injection pump shaft 2). The lifting bracket 112, serving as a support platform, integrates and synchronously drives the rotating device 12 and the floating device 13 mounted on it, ensuring the gear maintains the correct motion trajectory and posture during assembly. Utilizing the high reliability and rapid response characteristics of pneumatic drive, the entire axial displacement control of the gear is achieved from the initial gripping position to contact with the pump shaft 2 end face, and then to the completion of press-fitting. Simultaneously, the rigid structure of the lifting bracket 112 effectively transmits motion, preventing swaying or shaking, and ensuring coaxial accuracy during the rotational positioning and elastic meshing stages. The integrated lifting mechanism eliminates the need for a complex servo system, resulting in low cost, easy maintenance, and adaptability to common industrial environments such as vibration and oil mist found in engine assembly lines.

[0041] A second aspect of this application provides a method for assembling engine injection pump gears based on the automatic assembly device for engine injection pump gears in any of the first aspects described above, comprising: Step 100: Position and clamp the fuel injection pump at the assembly station.

[0042] Step 200: Place the gear on the gear positioning seat 132 of the floating device 13, and drive the gear 122 jaws to clamp the gear by the clamping cylinder 134.

[0043] Step 300: Start the lifting device 11 to align the gear axis with the fuel injection pump shaft 2 axis.

[0044] Step 400: Start the rotating device 12 and drive the gear 122 to rotate continuously, so that its keyway performs a 360° mechanical scan on the key on the pump shaft 2.

[0045] Step 500: During rotation, when the keyway is not aligned, the end face of the gear contacts the end face of the pump shaft 2, generating an axial reaction force that compresses the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 in the floating device 13, causing the gear to retract slightly.

[0046] Step 600: When the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft 2, the axial resistance decreases, the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 releases the stored elastic force, and pushes the gear into the pump shaft 2 to complete the engagement.

[0047] Step 700: Start the servo tightening shaft to automatically tighten the gear lock nut and complete the assembly.

[0048] In step 100, the fuel injection pump to be assembled is first reliably positioned and clamped on a dedicated assembly station to ensure that it remains stable during subsequent operations, providing a reference support for high-precision alignment.

[0049] Step 200 completes the gear clamping preparation: the gear to be installed is placed on the gear positioning seat 132 in the floating device 13, and the clamping cylinder 134 drives the gear 122 jaws to firmly clamp it, which not only prevents the gear from falling off during rotation, but also ensures that it is coaxial with the floating device 13, laying the foundation for subsequent positioning.

[0050] Step 300: Start the lifting device 11, which drives the entire floating device 13 and the clamped gear to descend vertically, so that the axis of the gear inner hole is precisely aligned with the axis of the fuel injection pump shaft 2, ensuring that the two are on the same center line and avoiding eccentric interference.

[0051] Step 400: Start the rotating device 12, drive the gear 122 to rotate continuously at low speed through the servo motor 121, so that the keyway in its inner hole performs a complete 360° mechanical scan of the key on the pump shaft 2, actively "finding" the matching angle.

[0052] Step 500 describes the adaptive response mechanism in the misaligned state: when the keyway and key are not aligned, the gear end face will contact the end of the pump shaft 2 and be blocked. At this time, the axial reaction force compresses the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 (such as the floating spring 1313) in the floating device 13, causing the gear to retract slightly, avoiding rigid impact, while maintaining the contact state to continue positioning.

[0053] Step 600 is the trigger point for assembly: once the keyway and key are fully aligned, the axial resistance suddenly decreases, and the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 immediately releases the stored potential energy, generating an instantaneous thrust to quickly and smoothly push the gear into the pump shaft 2, completing the non-destructive engagement.

[0054] Step 700 involves the servo tightening shaft automatically tightening the locking nut at the end of the gear after the gear is successfully press-fitted into place, applying precise preload, and finally completing the entire assembly process of the fuel injection pump gear.

[0055] According to the engine fuel injection pump gear assembly method provided in the second aspect of this application, by organically integrating steps such as fuel injection pump positioning and clamping, automatic gear clamping, axis alignment, 360° mechanical scanning for positioning, elastic energy storage adaptive meshing, and automatic tightening, the entire process is automated, highly precise, and non-destructive. It abandons the traditional alignment method that relies on manual operation or high-cost vision systems. Utilizing the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 in the floating device 13 in conjunction with the rotary scanning, it flexibly retracts when the keyway is not aligned and pushes it in instantly after alignment, effectively avoiding keyway damage and pump shaft 2 deformation, significantly improving assembly success rate and product consistency.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the rotational speed of the drive gear 122 is set to 0.5 rpm to 3 rpm. This speed range is slow enough to allow the gear to perform a thorough and detailed "mechanical scan" of the pump shaft 2 circumferentially during rotation, ensuring that the keyway and the key on the pump shaft 2 have sufficient time to complete precise alignment, avoiding skipping the alignment window or causing impact collisions due to excessive speed; at the same time, this speed is not too low to cause excessively long assembly cycles, balancing efficiency and reliability. At this low speed, the elastic energy storage mechanism 131 in the floating device 13 can stably respond to changes in contact resistance, maintaining a controllable compression state when not aligned, and rapidly releasing the elastic force to complete engagement at the moment of alignment, making the entire process smooth and repeatable. In addition, the low-speed rotation significantly reduces system inertia, reduces the dynamic load on the clamping mechanism and transmission components, which is beneficial to extending equipment life and improving adaptability under conditions with manufacturing tolerances or slight assembly deviations.

[0057] For example, the rotational speed of the drive gear 122 is set to 1.5 rpm, which means it completes one revolution every 40 seconds. This ensures that the gear has enough time to perform circumferential scanning after contacting the pump shaft 2 to accurately capture the keyway alignment position, while also preventing the assembly cycle of a single part from being significantly extended due to excessively slow rotational speed, thus balancing assembly reliability and production cycle time.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes: After the gear is pushed into the pump shaft 2 to complete the engagement, a displacement sensor or pressure sensor is used to detect whether the gear is fully in place.

[0059] Specifically, the displacement sensor monitors the actual downward displacement of the floating device 13 or the lifting bracket 112 to determine whether the gear has been pressed to the designed depth. The pressure sensor senses the change in axial force during the release of the elastic energy storage mechanism 131. When the gear is fully engaged, the system load will exhibit a characteristic decrease or a stable plateau. If the detection signal indicates insufficient displacement or abnormal pressure, it can be determined that the assembly is incomplete or that there are faults such as jamming or misalignment. The system can automatically trigger an alarm, reset, or rework process. This sensor feedback mechanism eliminates the need for manual visual inspection, significantly improving the reliability and intelligence of the assembly process, effectively preventing defects such as missing parts or incomplete parts from flowing into the next process, and further ensuring the consistency and long-term operational reliability of the engine fuel injection pump assembly.

[0060] A second aspect of this application provides an automated assembly line for engine fuel injection pump gears, comprising: The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears in any embodiment of the first aspect described above.

[0061] The automated assembly line for engine injection pump gears provided in the second aspect of this application achieves fully automated operation from workpiece positioning, gear clamping, adaptive positioning, elastic meshing to locking detection. This production line, with its core mechanical structure, can operate stably in typical engine manufacturing environments such as oil contamination and vibration without relying on expensive vision recognition or complex force control systems. By embedding the automated assembly device into a standardized production line cycle and coordinating with loading / unloading robots, conveyor lines, tightening units, and sensing modules, it significantly improves the efficiency and consistency of injection pump gear assembly, and also significantly reduces manual intervention and assembly defect rates. This production line is modular and highly scalable, making it easy to integrate into existing engine manufacturing systems.

[0062] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0064] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears, characterized in that, include: Lifting device (11) is used to drive the gear to lift along the axial direction of the fuel injection pump shaft (2); A rotating device (12) is mounted on the lifting device (11); A floating device (13) is disposed on the rotating device (12) and is used to clamp the gear; The rotating device (12) is adapted to drive the floating device (13) to rotate, so as to drive the gear on the floating device (13) to rotate around its own axis; The floating device (13) includes an axially compressible elastic energy storage mechanism (131). The elastic energy storage mechanism (131) is compressed and stores energy when the gear contacts the end face of the pump shaft (2) but the keyway is not aligned. After the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft (2), the elastic force is released, and the gear is pushed into the pump shaft (2) to complete the engagement.

2. The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic energy storage mechanism (131) includes a lower support plate (1311), an upper support plate (1312), and a floating spring (1313). The two ends of the floating spring (1313) abut against the lower bearing plate (1311) and the upper bearing plate (1312), respectively. The floating spring (1313) is evenly arranged around the lower bearing plate (1311).

3. The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floating device (13) also includes: Gear positioning seat (132) is used to support the gear; Gear gripper (133) is used to clamp or release gears; A clamping cylinder (134) is used to drive the gear gripper (133) to perform clamping or releasing actions; The clamping cylinder (134), the gear gripper (133), and the gear positioning seat (132) are all located within the support area of ​​the upper bearing plate (1312).

4. The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preload of the floating spring (1313) is greater than the total weight of the upper bearing plate (1312), the clamping cylinder (134), the gear gripper (133) and the gear positioning seat (132), and less than the critical load that causes plastic deformation of the gear or pump shaft (2).

5. The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating device (12) includes a servo motor (121), a drive gear (122), and a disc bearing gear (123). The servo motor (121) is adapted to drive the drive gear (122), thereby driving the disc bearing gear (123) to rotate, thus driving the floating device (13) to rotate as a whole.

6. The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting device (11) includes a lifting cylinder (111) and a lifting bracket (112). The lifting cylinder (111) is adapted to drive the lifting bracket (112) to lift and lower. The lifting bracket (112) drives the rotating device (12) and the floating device (13) to lift and lower.

7. A method for assembling engine injection pump gears based on an automatic engine injection pump gear assembly device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: Position and clamp the fuel injection pump at the assembly station; The gear is placed on the gear positioning seat (132) of the floating device (13), and the gear (122) is clamped by the clamping cylinder (134). Start the lifting device (11) to align the gear axis with the fuel injection pump shaft (2); Start the rotating device (12) to drive the gear (122) to rotate continuously, so that its keyway performs a 360° mechanical scan on the key on the pump shaft (2); During rotation, when the keyway is not aligned, the end face of the gear contacts the end face of the pump shaft (2) and generates an axial reaction force, which compresses the elastic energy storage mechanism (131) in the floating device (13) and causes the gear to retract slightly. When the keyway is aligned with the key on the pump shaft (2), the axial resistance decreases, the elastic energy storage mechanism (131) releases the stored elastic force, and pushes the gear into the pump shaft (2) to complete the engagement; The servo tightening shaft is activated to automatically tighten the gear and lock the nut, completing the assembly.

8. The engine fuel injection pump gear assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the drive gear (122) is set to 0.5 rpm to 3 rpm.

9. The engine fuel injection pump gear assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method also includes: After the gear is pushed into the pump shaft (2) to complete the engagement, the gear is detected by a displacement sensor or a pressure sensor to determine whether the gear is fully in place.

10. An automated assembly line for engine fuel injection pump gears, characterized in that, include: The automatic assembly device for engine fuel injection pump gears as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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