Modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum-based composite material is composed of 85-95 wt% of an aluminum alloy matrix and 5-15 wt% of modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. Wherein the reinforced phase modified titanium disulfide nanosheet is a mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite titanium disulfide nanosheet, the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1: (3-4), the reinforced phase has good conductivity, the binding force of a mesoporous structure and a matrix is strong, and the mechanical property of the material can be effectively improved. According to the preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material, a high-energy ball milling method and a vacuum melting method are combined, the impurity content of the material can be reduced, and the distribution uniformity of a reinforced phase is improved. The whole material has high strength and high hardness, the conductivity superior to that of commercial pure aluminum, the comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alloy technology, and in particular to a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum-based composite material. Background Technology

[0002] Modern service conditions place increasingly higher demands on the comprehensive performance of materials, including strength, modulus, high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Traditional aluminum alloys are struggling to meet these demands. Aluminum-based composite materials, using aluminum or its alloys as the matrix and adding reinforcing phases such as ceramic particles, whiskers, or fibers to improve their mechanical and physical properties, not only inherit the advantages of aluminum alloys—such as a wide range of choices, ease of processing and preparation, and heat treatment—but also utilize the advantages of different types of reinforcing agents. They possess excellent comprehensive mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, providing a new approach to meet the application needs of the aerospace field and gradually replacing traditional aluminum and other types of composite materials. Furthermore, aluminum's low density and abundant abundance in the Earth's crust align with current demands for energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource protection, making it a hot topic in materials science research and development. Significant progress has been made in the research and development of aluminum-based composite materials, mainly in preparation processes, performance optimization, and application areas. Preparation methods for aluminum-based composite materials include powder metallurgy, pressure infiltration, semi-solid stirring composite manufacturing, and friction stirring processing. Compared with matrix alloys, aluminum-based composite materials possess more superior properties, such as excellent mechanical properties, frictional properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. Their application areas include aerospace, automotive, electronics, and transportation industries, such as aircraft structural components, automotive parts, lining materials for electronic devices, and heat sinks. Despite the many advantages of aluminum-based composites, they still face some technical challenges, such as high preparation costs, difficult processing, and interfacial bonding issues. With the development of technology and in-depth research, the performance of aluminum-based composites is expected to be further improved, and their application fields will be further expanded. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.

[0004] Technical solution: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, composed of 85-95 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 5-15 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. Preferably, the preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder until it melts and keep it at that temperature. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. Preferably, the heating rate in step S3 is 20-30°C / min, the melting temperature is 680-740°C, and the holding time is 5-10min. Preferably, the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3 to 4. Preferably, the method for preparing the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and wood nanocellulose suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH to 7.5-8.5, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor to remove wood nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Add mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide to deionized water and stir ultrasonically until homogeneous. Place the mixture in a reaction vessel, heat and keep warm until the reaction is complete, then cool. Filter the solution, wash and dry it to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. Preferably, in step S1, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:1.5-2.5:8-12. Preferably, the calcination temperature in step S2 is 500–700°C. Preferably, the reaction temperature in step S3 is 200–240°C. Preferably, the composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.6-6.0 wt%, Mg: 2.6-3.4 wt%, Cu: 1.5-2.0 wt%, Si: 0.6-1.2 wt%, Fe: ≤0.4 wt%, with the balance being Al. Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-reinforced aluminum-based composite material of this invention adds mesoporous titanium dioxide composite titanium disulfide nanosheets to the aluminum alloy matrix, resulting in a stable reinforcing phase structure, good bonding with the matrix, and limited improvement in the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the material. Two-dimensional transition metal sulfides are a class of layered materials with an MX2-type structure, where M represents transition metals such as Mo and W, and X represents chalcogen elements such as S, Se, and Te. They possess a layered structure and are typical two-dimensional materials exhibiting unique physical and chemical properties. Titanium disulfide is a typical layered transition metal sulfide with a hexagonal crystal system. Titanium atoms are located at the center of the hexagonal network layers formed by sulfur atoms. Strong covalent bonds exist between atoms within the layers, and the layers are bonded by van der Waals forces, resulting in good electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, titanium disulfide has a low density. As a reinforcement in aluminum-based composite materials, it can improve the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the material while maintaining its lightweight nature. Considering the compatibility between two-dimensional materials and aluminum alloy matrices, titanium disulfide needs to be modified to improve the bonding strength between the reinforcing phase and the matrix. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles are used as the titanium source, and sulfidation with thioacetamide converts some titanium dioxide into titanium disulfide, while the remaining titanium dioxide retains its mesoporous nanoparticle state. The in-situ generated titanium disulfide is lamellar and tightly bonded to the titanium dioxide particles. Furthermore, when composited with the aluminum alloy matrix, the mesoporous structure further enhances the bonding strength and density. In addition, both titanium dioxide and titanium disulfide possess good electrical conductivity, enabling the composite material to achieve excellent electrical conductivity. To improve the bonding strength between the reinforcement and the alloy matrix, in addition to modifying titanium disulfide nanosheets, the material preparation method can also be improved. Before melting, the reinforcing phase and alloy powder are compounded using high-energy ball milling, followed by vacuum melting. This not only effectively enhances the bonding strength between materials but also improves the uniformity of the reinforcing phase distribution, while simultaneously reducing the impurity content in the product and increasing the material density. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: This invention adds modified titanium disulfide nanosheets as a reinforcing phase, whose two-dimensional structure can effectively improve the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the alloy matrix. This invention utilizes the reaction of mesoporous titanium dioxide to prepare titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composite of mesoporous titanium dioxide and titanium disulfide nanosheets can improve the bonding force between the reinforcing phase and the alloy matrix, thereby improving the stability of the material. This invention employs a preparation method that combines high-energy ball milling with vacuum melting, which effectively reduces the impurity content of the material and improves the uniformity of the distribution of the reinforcing phase. Detailed Implementation To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with examples. Specific examples of preferred choices are as follows: Example 1: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 95 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 5 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 680°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.66wt%, Mg: 2.75wt%, Cu: 1.65wt%, Si: 0.80wt%, Fe: 0.4wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 2: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 680°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 6.0 wt%, Mg: 2.64 wt%, Cu: 1.84 wt%, Si: 0.93 wt%, Fe: 0.22 wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 3: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 85 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 15 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 680°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.77wt%, Mg: 3.36wt%, Cu: 2.0wt%, Si: 0.92wt%, Fe: 0.31wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 4: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.84wt%, Mg: 3.11wt%, Cu: 1.63wt%, Si: 1.2wt%, Fe: 0.13wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 5: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 720°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.72wt%, Mg: 2.98wt%, Cu: 1.74wt%, Si: 1.09wt%, Fe: 0.32wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 6: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 740°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.83wt%, Mg: 3.16wt%, Cu: 1.60wt%, Si: 0.80wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 7: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.2. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.83wt%, Mg: 3.32wt%, Cu: 1.51wt%, Si: 1.13wt%, Fe: 0.28wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 8: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.66wt%, Mg: 3.08wt%, Cu: 1.77wt%, Si: 0.63wt%, Fe: 0.06wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 9: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.8. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.83wt%, Mg: 2.74wt%, Cu: 1.89wt%, Si: 0.86wt%, Fe: 0.34wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 10: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:4. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.88wt%, Mg: 3.18wt%, Cu: 1.92wt%, Si: 0.71wt%, Fe: 0.21wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 11: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 550℃ to remove the lignocellulose nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.69wt%, Mg: 2.95wt%, Cu: 1.63wt%, Si: 0.75wt%, Fe: 0.38wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 12: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 600℃ to remove the lignocellulose nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.82wt%, Mg: 3.37wt%, Cu: 1.82wt%, Si: 1.02wt%, Fe: 0.19wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 13: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 650℃ to remove the lignocellulose nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.96wt%, Mg: 3.27wt%, Cu: 1.85wt%, Si: 0.71wt%, Fe: 0.12wt%, with the balance being Al. Example 14: A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 700℃ to remove lignocellulose nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.67wt%, Mg: 2.88wt%, Cu: 1.90wt%, Si: 0.74wt%, Fe: 0.25wt%, with the balance being Al. To further illustrate the technical effects of the present invention, a comparative example is also provided, as follows: Comparative Example 1: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 80 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 20 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 680°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.89wt%, Mg: 3.06wt%, Cu: 1.62wt%, Si: 1.15wt%, Fe: 0.14wt%, with the balance being Al. Comparative Example 2: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 660°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.89wt%, Mg: 2.94wt%, Cu: 1.52wt%, Si: 0.78wt%, Fe: 0.09wt%, with the balance being Al. Comparative Example 3: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 760°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.82wt%, Mg: 2.88wt%, Cu: 1.63wt%, Si: 1.06wt%, Fe: 0.37wt%, with the balance being Al. Comparative Example 4: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Add titanium disulfide nanosheets to ethanol and disperse them evenly by ultrasonication to obtain a suspension; S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying to obtain titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.77wt%, Mg: 3.26wt%, Cu: 1.97wt%, Si: 1.09wt%, Fe: 0.36wt%, with the balance being Al. Comparative Example 5: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 500℃ to remove the woody nanocellulose and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.96wt%, Mg: 3.14wt%, Cu: 1.84wt%, Si: 0.92wt%, Fe: 0.04wt%, with the balance being Al. Comparative Example 6: An aluminum-based composite material is composed of 90 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 10 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder to 700°C at a heating rate of 25°C / min to melt it and hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-based composite material. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3.5. The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH=8, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:2:10, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor at a temperature of 400℃ to remove the lignocellulose nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide are added to deionized water and ultrasonically stirred until homogeneous. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated to 220°C until the reaction is complete. After cooling, the solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets. The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is: Zn: 5.71wt%, Mg: 2.96wt%, Cu: 1.93wt%, Si: 1.08wt%, Fe: 0.28wt%, with the balance being Al. Standard-sized samples were prepared for each embodiment and comparative example, and their tensile strength, hardness and conductivity were tested using a universal testing machine, a microhardness tester and an eddy current conductivity meter, respectively. The results are shown in Tables 1-4. Table 1 Effect of different reinforcement amounts on material properties Table 2. Effects of different melting temperatures on material properties Table 3. Effect of different molar ratios of titanium dioxide / titanium disulfide on material properties Table 4. Effects of different preparation conditions of the reinforcing phase on material properties In summary, the aluminum-based composite materials prepared in each embodiment of the present invention have higher strength and hardness than the comparative example, good electrical conductivity, excellent overall performance, and broad application prospects.

Claims

1. A modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum-based composite material, characterized in that, The aluminum-based composite material consists of 85-95 wt% aluminum alloy matrix and 5-15 wt% modified titanium disulfide nanosheets.

2. The method for preparing the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Modified titanium disulfide nanosheets were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a suspension. S2. Add aluminum alloy powder to the suspension in a certain proportion, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, perform high-energy ball milling and drying treatment to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheet-aluminum alloy composite powder; S3. Place the composite powder into a melting furnace and evacuate it. Heat the powder until it melts and keep it at that temperature. Then cool the furnace to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.

3. The method for preparing the modified titanium disulfide nanosheet titanium-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating rate in step S3 is 20-30℃ / min, the melting temperature is 680-740℃, and the holding time is 5-10min.

4. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified titanium disulfide nanosheets are mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles combined with titanium disulfide nanosheets, and the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to titanium disulfide is 1:3 to 4.

5. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified titanium disulfide nanosheets includes the following steps: S11. Mix titanium tetrachloride and lignocellulose nanoparticle suspension thoroughly in an ice-water bath, add ammonium nitrate and concentrated hydrochloric acid, heat and add ammonia to adjust pH to 7.5-8.5, stir until the reaction is complete, wash and dry the reactants to obtain the precursor; S12. Grind and calcine the precursor to remove the lignocellulosic nanoparticles and obtain mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles. S13. Add mesoporous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thioacetamide to deionized water and stir ultrasonically until homogeneous. Place the mixture in a reaction vessel, heat and keep warm until the reaction is complete, then cool. Filter the solution, wash and dry it to obtain modified titanium disulfide nanosheets.

6. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the molar ratio of titanium tetrachloride, ammonium nitrate, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:1.5-2.5:8-12.

7. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calcination temperature in step S2 is 500–700°C.

8. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reaction temperature in step S3 is 200–240°C.

9. The modified titanium disulfide nanosheet reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​as follows: Zn: 5.6-6.0 wt%, Mg: 2.6-3.4 wt%, Cu: 1.5-2.0 wt%, Si: 0.6-1.2 wt%, Fe: ≤0.4 wt%, with the balance being Al.

Images