Smoke prevention device in copper bar smelting system

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke prevention device in a copper bar smelting system. The smoke prevention device comprises a smelting furnace, a cover plate, a matrix type smoke suction device and a flexible fireproof cover. The cover plate is detachably arranged at the top of the smelting furnace and provided with one or more feeding ports, and copper bars to be smelted stretch into the smelting cavity through the feeding ports. The plurality of smoke extraction devices are flexibly connected with one another to form a matrix type smoke extraction device and are arranged at the top of the cover plate in a floating manner, each smoke extraction device corresponds to one copper rod, the top of each copper rod is arranged in the corresponding smoke extraction device, downward pressure is applied to the copper rods by utilizing the weight of the matrix type smoke extraction devices, and vibration force generated when the smoke extraction devices work is transmitted to the copper rods; stable downward moving and auxiliary smelting of the copper rod are achieved. Smelting smoke can be effectively restrained from escaping, the working environment is improved, meanwhile, smoke exhaust and the copper rod conveying and preheating process are coordinated, and the stability and energy efficiency of copper rod smelting can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper rod smelting, and more specifically to a smoke prevention device in a copper rod smelting system. Background Technology

[0002] Copper rod smelting systems are widely used in the production of copper rods, copper wires, and related copper-based materials. They typically involve continuously feeding bundles or single copper rods into the smelting chamber from the top of the furnace, where the rods are gradually melted at high temperatures. In actual production, copper is prone to oxidation at high temperatures. Furthermore, the smelting process is accompanied by flux volatilization, oxide peeling from the copper surface, and violent turbulence of the hot airflow, often generating large amounts of high-temperature fumes at the top of the furnace and in the feeding area. These fumes not only contain metal oxide particles but also possess high temperature and strong diffusivity. If not effectively controlled, they can easily overflow through the feed inlet and furnace cover gaps, adversely affecting the working environment, equipment safety, and the health of operators.

[0003] In existing copper rod smelting systems, in order to reduce the escape of fumes, centralized exhaust hoods or fume extraction pipelines are usually installed at the top of the smelting furnace or around the furnace body. The fumes are concentrated and extracted by negative pressure suction. However, due to the unstable flow direction of the fumes, there is often a deviation between the exhaust port and the rising path of the fumes. This causes the exhaust efficiency to depend on a large volume of air suction, thereby increasing energy consumption and interfering with the thermal stability inside the smelting furnace.

[0004] Furthermore, in the copper rod smelting process, the copper rod is usually vertically fed into the smelting chamber statically or solely by its own gravity. This static feeding method has significant shortcomings: firstly, after entering the high-temperature smelting zone, the surface melting of the copper rod mainly relies on external heat conduction, and the lack of active disturbance during the downward movement of the copper rod easily leads to uneven heating in certain areas; secondly, once the copper rod forms a molten end in the contact area with the molten pool, the lack of a continuous downward stable thrust makes the downward movement of the copper rod susceptible to factors such as the buoyancy of the molten copper and fluctuations in the furnace airflow, resulting in an unstable smelting rhythm and affecting the overall smelting efficiency. Existing technologies typically require a separate feeding mechanism or manual intervention to address these issues, resulting in complex structures and a lack of coordinated design with the exhaust system.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional smoke extraction systems typically employ fixed filters within the extraction device to intercept particulate matter in the smoke. However, during copper rod smelting, the smoke carries a significant amount of copper oxide particles, dust, and high-temperature condensates, making fixed filters prone to clogging over long-term operation. Once the filter holes are clogged, not only does the smoke extraction efficiency decrease significantly, but it can also lead to localized smoke obstruction, allowing smoke to escape through other gaps and ultimately affecting the overall smoke control effect. Existing technologies largely rely on manual, periodic cleaning or replacement of the filters, resulting in frequent maintenance and an inability to maintain continuous and stable filtration capabilities without shutting down the furnace.

[0006] Meanwhile, most existing copper rod smelting systems employ an integrated or centralized channel design for fume extraction. During the extraction process, the contact time between the fumes and copper rods is often short and the path is dispersed. A large amount of heat energy carried by the high-temperature flue gas is directly discharged outside the system without being effectively utilized. This not only wastes heat energy but also, because the extraction process inevitably removes some heat from the furnace, it easily causes temperature fluctuations within the furnace, making smelting temperature control more difficult and consequently affecting the quality of the molten copper and the stability of the smelting process.

[0007] Existing copper rod smelting systems generally suffer from the following problems in smoke control: First, there is a lack of effective guidance on the smoke generation path and flow direction; second, copper rod conveying is mostly static or low-disturbance, resulting in unstable downward movement during smelting and limited smelting efficiency and consistency; third, the exhaust filtration structure is of a single type, with filter holes easily clogged, making long-term continuous and stable operation difficult; fourth, heat recovery is not taken into account during exhaust, which instead exacerbates temperature fluctuations inside the furnace. To address these problems, there is an urgent need for a smoke control device in copper rod smelting systems that can constrain smoke sources, stabilize exhaust, assist continuous downward movement of copper rods, and balance smelting efficiency and heat utilization, thereby improving the overall safety, stability, and energy efficiency of the smelting process. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a smoke-proof device for a copper rod smelting system. By utilizing a matrix arrangement of smoke extraction devices, the weight and vibration force of each smoke extraction device are rationally utilized, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0009] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a smoke prevention device in a copper rod smelting system, comprising: A smelting furnace, wherein a smelting chamber is provided inside the smelting furnace; A cover plate is detachably installed on the top of the smelting furnace. The cover plate has one or more feed ports, through which the copper rod to be smelted extends into the smelting chamber. One or more smoke extraction devices are flexibly connected to each other to form a matrix smoke extraction device that is floating on the top of the cover plate. Each smoke extraction device corresponds to a copper rod. The top of the copper rod is inserted into the smoke extraction device. The weight of the matrix smoke extraction device applies pressure to each copper rod to be melted and transmits vibration force to each copper rod to be melted. One or more flexible fireproof covers are fixedly connected at the top to the bottom of the smoke extraction device. A magnetic fixing ring is provided at the bottom of the cover plate by adsorption and fixing through the magnetic fixing ring. The copper rod to be melted is covered by the flexible fireproof cover. The high-temperature flue gas generated during the melting process absorbs heat through the copper rod to be melted and is discharged at the top of the smoke extraction device.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, each of the smoking devices includes a housing, and a smoking component is provided inside the housing. A filter screen is provided at the bottom of the smoking component, and a set of elastic support mechanisms is provided at the bottom of the filter screen. The top of the copper rod to be melted is elastically supported by the elastic support mechanisms, so that the top of the copper rod to be melted does not come into contact with the filter screen.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the elastic support mechanism includes an elastic hinge seat arranged around the inner wall of the box, and an elastic support plate elastically hinged to each of the elastic hinge seats. The elastic support plate is provided with two sets of ejector pins, namely a first ejector pin set and a second ejector pin set. The filter screen is divided into two areas: a first filter hole area including an outer ring and a second filter hole area including an inner ring. The first pin group is set in the first filter hole area, and the second pin group is set in the second filter hole area. The diameter of each filter hole is larger than the diameter of each pin.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, when the smoke extraction device is assembled on the top of the copper rod to be melted, the copper rod elastically contacts each elastic support plate, so that the second pin in each second pin group is inserted into the filter hole in each second filter hole area, and at this time, the smoke is filtered by each first filter hole area. After the smoke extraction device separates from the copper rod, each of the elastic support plates resets, and the first pin in the first pin group is inserted into the filter hole in each of the first filter hole areas. At this time, smoke is filtered by each of the second filter hole areas.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, one or more first elastic blocks are arranged around the bottom opening of the box body, and a first support spring is provided on the inner end of each first elastic block. When the copper rod to be melted is inserted into the box body, the first elastic blocks are elastically opened.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, a smoke exhaust pipe is provided on the top of each box body, and the smoke discharged through the smoke extraction component is discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, a floating guide mechanism is provided at the top of each feed inlet. Each floating guide mechanism includes an elastic floating bracket. One or more second elastic pressure blocks are arranged equidistantly around the top inner side of the elastic floating bracket. The inner end of each second elastic pressure block is fixedly connected to the elastic floating bracket by one or more second support springs. The copper rod to be melted passes through each second elastic pressure block and expands each second elastic pressure block.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the elastic floating support includes a support bottom ring, a support top ring, and one or more elastic connecting rods. The support bottom ring and the support top ring are connected by the one or more elastic connecting rods, and the entire elastic floating support is made of elastic metal material.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, a connecting ring is provided on the outer circular surface of the box body, and each smoke extraction device is hinged to the other through a hinge mechanism.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, each of the hinge mechanisms includes a connecting seat and a connecting plate. The connecting plate and the connecting seat are fixed on the connecting ring, and the connecting plate is hinged in the connecting seat, thereby connecting the various smoking devices to form a matrix smoking device.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, by arranging multiple fume extraction devices in a matrix on top of each copper rod to be smelted, this invention creates an independent fume extraction unit for each copper rod. Combined with a flexible fireproof cover, this forms multiple independent exhaust channels, structurally achieving source constraint and directional guidance of smelting fumes. The high-temperature fumes generated during smelting are confined within the independent channels formed around the corresponding copper rod and discharged upwards along the axial direction of the rod, effectively preventing the disorderly diffusion and lateral escape of fumes in the furnace cover area. This significantly improves the fume control effect and enhances the working environment. Second, this invention cleverly utilizes the weight of the fume extraction device itself to directly act on the top of the copper rod to be melted, keeping the copper rod under pressure throughout the melting process. This provides a stable and reliable driving force for the continuous downward movement of the copper rod into the melting chamber. Compared to traditional static conveying methods that rely on the weight of the copper rod or additional feeding mechanisms, this invention achieves continuous and uniform downward movement of the copper rod without the need for an additional independent feeding structure. This effectively avoids stagnation, shaking, or jamming caused by buoyancy, airflow disturbance, or instability at the molten end, making the melting process smoother and the melting rhythm more controllable. Third, since the fume extraction device inevitably generates vibration during operation, this invention directly transmits the vibrational force to the copper rod body through the fume extraction device, causing the copper rod to be in a state of micro-vibration while being conveyed downwards. This vibration can effectively break down the localized oxide layer and uneven melting areas formed on the surface of the copper rod, promote the uniform distribution of heat inside and on the surface of the copper rod, accelerate the melting speed at the end of the copper rod, and thus improve the overall smelting efficiency. At the same time, the vibration can also reduce the adhesion resistance between the copper rod and the molten copper, making the downward movement of the copper rod smoother and further improving the continuity and stability of smelting. Fourth, this invention utilizes an independent exhaust channel formed by a flexible fireproof cover, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to fully contact the outer surface of the copper rod during exhaust. As the high-temperature flue gas rises along the axial direction of the copper rod, it transfers some of its heat to the copper rod before it enters the melting chamber, thus preheating the copper rod and increasing its initial furnace entry temperature. This structure effectively recovers some of the heat energy carried in the flue gas, reduces heat loss due to exhaust, minimizes temperature fluctuations within the furnace, helps maintain temperature stability within the melting chamber, reduces energy consumption, and improves the overall thermal efficiency of the melting system. V. This invention incorporates a dual-zone filtration structure within the smoke extraction device, consisting of a first filter zone and a second filter zone. Through the different operating states of the elastic support plate, the two filter zones can alternately operate. When the smoke extraction device is mounted on top of the copper rod, smoke is filtered by one set of filter zones; when the smoke extraction device is separated from the copper rod, the filtration state automatically switches to the other set of filter zones. This alternating operation structure effectively avoids filter clogging caused by prolonged operation of a single zone, allowing the filter to maintain continuous and effective filtration without shutting down the system. This significantly reduces maintenance frequency and improves the reliability and service life of the smoke extraction system.

[0020] Meanwhile, through the synergistic effect of the elastic support plate, the ejector pin structure, and the floating guide mechanism, this invention ensures that the copper rod not only experiences stable axial pressure during the smelting process but also receives additional elastic support and vibration response, further enhancing the dynamic characteristics of the copper rod. This dynamic conveying method helps improve the heat exchange efficiency between the copper rod and the high-temperature environment, accelerates the smelting reaction process, and comprehensively improves the smelting efficiency and product quality consistency of the copper rod. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cover plate location of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of each smoke extraction device of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Smelting furnace; 3. Cover plate; 10. Copper rod; 5. Smoke extraction device; 4. Flexible fireproof cover; 2. Magnetic fixing ring; 12. Smoke extraction assembly; 13. Filter screen; 16. Elastic hinge seat; 18. Elastic support plate; 15. First ejector pin assembly; 14. Second ejector pin assembly; 19. First elastic pressure block; 17. First support spring; 6. Smoke exhaust pipe; 9. Floating guide mechanism; 93. Second elastic pressure block; 92. Second support spring; 94. Support bottom ring; 91. Support top ring; 95. Elastic connecting rod; 11. Connecting ring; 8. Connecting seat; 7. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed herein, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0024] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0025] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a smoke prevention device in a copper rod 10 smelting system. The device is installed in the upper area of ​​the smelting furnace 1 and is used to collect and guide the high-temperature smoke during the copper rod 10 smelting process. In the process of smoke exhaust, it also takes into account the conveying stability of the copper rod 10, the preheating effect and the improvement of smelting efficiency.

[0026] The smelting furnace 1 has a smelting chamber inside for melting copper rods 10. The smelting chamber operates at a high temperature, and the copper rods 10 gradually enter the smelting chamber from top to bottom and are melted in the molten pool area. A cover plate 3 is detachably installed on the top of the smelting furnace 1. The cover plate 3 is used to close the top opening of the smelting furnace 1 and has one or more feed ports, each corresponding to a copper rod 10 to be melted. Under the action of gravity, the copper rod 10 extends downward through the corresponding feed port, with its lower end extending into the smelting chamber and its upper end located in the area above the cover plate 3.

[0027] One or more smoke extraction devices 5 are installed on the top of the cover plate 3. These devices are interconnected via flexible connections to form a matrix-type smoke extraction device structure. This matrix-type smoke extraction device 5 is not rigidly fixed to the cover plate 3, but rather floats on top of the cover plate 3, allowing it to undergo slight displacement or vibration within a certain range as the position of the copper rod 10 changes. Each smoke extraction device 5 corresponds to a copper rod 10, with the top of the copper rod 10 inserted and accommodated within the corresponding smoke extraction device 5.

[0028] With the above arrangement, the overall weight of the matrix-type fume extraction device 5 acts directly on the top of each copper rod 10, thereby applying a stable downward pressure to the copper rods 10 to be melted without the need for an additional feeding mechanism. This allows the copper rods 10 to be continuously and uniformly conveyed towards the melting chamber during the melting process. Simultaneously, the fume extraction device 5 experiences micro-vibrations due to the operation of the fume extraction component 12 and the flow of flue gas during operation. This vibration force is transmitted to the copper rod 10 body via the fume extraction device 5, keeping the copper rods 10 in a continuous micro-vibration state during their downward movement. This improves the heating uniformity at the ends of the copper rods 10 and increases melting efficiency.

[0029] A flexible fireproof cover 4 is fixedly connected below each smoke extraction device 5. The top of the flexible fireproof cover 4 forms a sealed connection with the bottom of the corresponding smoke extraction device 5. A magnetic fixing ring 2 is provided at the bottom of the cover 3, which is attracted and fixed to the surface of the cover plate 3, so that the flexible fireproof cover 4 forms a relatively independent closed channel between the cover plate 3 and the smoke extraction device 5. The flexible fireproof cover 4 is completely fitted and covers the outside of the copper rod 10 to be melted, so that the copper rod 10 is located in the central area of ​​the independent channel. During the melting process, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the melting chamber is confined in the channel formed by the flexible fireproof cover 4 as it rises, and flows upward along the axial direction of the copper rod 10. During the process of fully contacting the outer surface of the copper rod 10, some of the heat is transferred to the copper rod 10, and then it enters the smoke extraction device 5 and is discharged. The flexible fireproof cover 4 can continuously shrink towards the bottom as the copper rod 10 is continuously melted.

[0030] In this embodiment, the flexible fireproof cover 4 is preferably made of a high-temperature resistant flexible material. Its main body can be a high-temperature hose body made of silica fiber cloth or ceramic fiber cloth or ceramic fiber felt. The high-temperature hose body can adopt a multi-layer composite structure, for example, the inner layer is high-purity ceramic fiber felt, the middle layer is silica fiber cloth, and the outer layer is a wear-resistant protective layer. In this way, without setting a metal shaping skeleton, it can still withstand the high temperature radiation and hot gas erosion of the smelting area for a long time, while maintaining good flexibility and sealing, and facilitating assembly, disassembly and adaptation to changes in the position of the copper rod 10.

[0031] Each smoke extraction device 5 includes a housing with an internal cavity structure for smoke collection and filtration. Inside the housing is a smoke extraction assembly 12, which can be either a high-temperature resistant centrifugal exhaust fan or a high-temperature resistant axial flow exhaust fan. The specific model can be selected based on the smelting scale and smoke volume. For example, an industrial-grade high-temperature exhaust fan with a temperature resistance rating of not less than 300℃ can be selected. The fan casing and impeller are made of heat-resistant stainless steel or heat-resistant alloy materials. When operating, the smoke extraction assembly 12 creates a negative pressure inside the housing, thereby continuously drawing the rising smoke from the flexible fireproof cover 4 into the housing.

[0032] A filter screen 13 is provided at the bottom of the smoke extraction assembly 12. This filter screen 13 is used for primary filtration of particulate matter in the flue gas, preventing high-temperature dust from directly entering the smoke extraction assembly 12 and causing wear or blockage. Below the filter screen 13, a set of elastic support mechanisms is provided. The top of the copper rod 10 to be melted does not directly contact the filter screen 13, but is elastically supported by the elastic support mechanism, thereby avoiding mechanical impact or high-temperature damage to the filter screen 13 by the end of the copper rod 10.

[0033] The elastic support mechanism includes multiple elastic hinge seats 16 arranged around the inner wall of the box, and an elastic support plate 18 is elastically hinged to each elastic hinge seat 16. The elastic support plate 18 can be made of high-temperature resistant elastic metal material, with its upper end supporting the top of the copper rod 10 and its lower end forming a swingable connection with the elastic hinge seat 16. Two sets of ejector pins are provided on each elastic support plate 18, namely the first ejector pin group 15 and the second ejector pin group 14, and the two sets of ejector pins are arranged at intervals along the length of the support plate.

[0034] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the filter screen 13 is divided into two filtration areas, including a first filter hole area located on the outer ring and a second filter hole area located on the inner ring. A first pin group 15 is correspondingly disposed in the first filter hole area, and a second pin group 14 is correspondingly disposed in the second filter hole area. The diameter of each filter hole is larger than the diameter of the corresponding pin, so that the pin can be inserted into the filter hole when needed without getting stuck.

[0035] When the fume extraction device 5 is mounted on top of the copper rod 10 to be smelted, the end of the copper rod 10 presses downward against each elastic support plate 18, causing the elastic support plates 18 to deflect. This allows the second pin in the second pin group 14 to insert into the filter hole in the second filter hole area. At this time, the second filter hole area is closed, and the flue gas is mainly filtered and discharged through the first filter hole area. When the fume extraction device 5 is separated from the copper rod 10 or the position of the copper rod 10 changes, each elastic support plate 18 returns to its original position under its own elasticity, causing the first pin in the first pin group 15 to insert into the filter hole in the first filter hole area, thereby closing the first filter hole area. The second filter hole area then assumes the filtration function. Through the above method, the alternating conduction of the two sets of filter hole areas is achieved, effectively avoiding the filter hole clogging problem caused by long-term operation of a single area.

[0036] One or more first elastic pressure blocks 19 are arranged circumferentially at the bottom opening of the box body. The inner end of each first elastic pressure block 19 is connected to the box body through a first support spring 17. When the copper rod 10 is inserted into the box body, the outer wall of the copper rod 10 will elastically expand each first elastic pressure block 19, so that the first elastic pressure block 19 forms a flexible clamp and guide for the copper rod 10, thereby further stabilizing the position of the copper rod 10 in the smoking device 5 and helping to more effectively transmit the weight and vibration of the smoking device 5 to the copper rod 10.

[0037] The top of the box is equipped with a smoke exhaust pipe 6, which is connected to the air outlet of the smoke extraction component 12. The smoke filtered by the smoke extraction component 12 is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe 6, and can be further connected to a centralized smoke exhaust pipe 6 or a back-end environmental protection treatment system.

[0038] A floating guide mechanism 9 is also provided at the top of the feed inlet. This floating guide mechanism 9 includes an elastic floating support. Multiple second elastic blocks 93 are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner top surface of the elastic floating support. Each second elastic block 93 is fixedly connected to the elastic floating support through a second support spring 92. When the copper rod 10 passes through the feed inlet, it will expand each of the second elastic blocks 93, so that the elastic floating support forms a flexible guide and buffer support for the copper rod 10, thereby reducing the swaying of the copper rod 10 before entering the melting chamber and improving the conveying stability.

[0039] The elastic floating support includes a bottom ring 94, a top ring 91, and one or more elastic connecting rods 95 connected between the two. The entire elastic floating support is made of elastic metal material, which enables it to undergo elastic deformation when bearing the weight and vibration of the copper rod 10, further enhancing the vibration response of the copper rod 10 during the smelting process and improving smelting efficiency.

[0040] A connecting ring 11 is provided on the outer circular surface of the box body, and the smoke extraction devices 5 are connected to each other by a hinge mechanism. The hinge mechanism includes a connecting seat 8 and a connecting plate 7. The connecting seat 8 and the connecting plate 7 are respectively fixed on the connecting ring 11 of adjacent smoke extraction devices 5. The connecting plate 7 is hinged in the connecting seat 8, so that each smoke extraction device 5 can swing relative to each other while maintaining the overall matrix structure, thereby adapting to different positions and vibration states of the copper rods 10, and ensuring the overall stability and adaptability of the matrix smoke extraction device 5.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A smoke prevention device in a copper rod smelting system, characterized in that, include: A smelting furnace (1), wherein a smelting chamber is provided inside the smelting furnace (1); The cover plate (3) is installed on the top of the smelting furnace (1) in a detachable manner. The cover plate (3) has one or more feed ports. The copper rod (10) to be smelted passes through the feed port and extends into the smelting chamber. One or more smoke extraction devices (5) are flexibly connected to each other to form a matrix smoke extraction device (5) which is floating on the top of the cover plate (3). Each smoke extraction device (5) corresponds to a copper rod (10). The top of the copper rod (10) is inserted into the smoke extraction device (5). The weight of the matrix smoke extraction device (5) applies pressure to each copper rod (10) to be melted and transmits vibration force to each copper rod (10) to be melted. One or more flexible fireproof covers (4) are fixedly connected at the top to the bottom of the smoke extraction device (5). A magnetic fixing ring (2) is provided at the bottom of the cover plate (3) by adsorption of the magnetic fixing ring (2). The copper rod (10) to be melted is covered by the flexible fireproof cover (4). The high-temperature flue gas generated during the melting process absorbs heat through the copper rod (10) to be melted and is discharged at the top of the smoke extraction device (5).

2. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the smoking devices (5) includes a housing, and a smoking component (12) is provided inside the housing. A filter screen (13) is provided at the bottom of the smoking component (12), and a set of elastic support mechanisms is provided at the bottom of the filter screen (13). The top of the copper rod (10) to be melted is elastically supported by the elastic support mechanisms, so that the top of the copper rod (10) to be melted does not contact the filter screen (13).

3. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the elastic support mechanisms includes an elastic hinge seat (16) arranged around the inner wall of the box, and an elastic support plate (18) elastically hinged to each of the elastic hinge seats (16). The elastic support plate (18) is provided with two sets of ejector pins, namely the first ejector pin set (15) and the second ejector pin set (14). The filter screen (13) is divided into two areas, namely the first filter hole area of ​​the outer ring and the second filter hole area of ​​the inner ring. The first pin group (15) is set in the first filter hole area, and the second pin group (14) is set in the second filter hole area. The diameter of each filter hole is larger than the diameter of each pin.

4. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the smoke extraction device (5) is assembled on the top of the copper rod (10) to be melted, the copper rod (10) elastically contacts each elastic support plate (18), so that the second pin in each second pin group (14) is inserted into the filter hole in each second filter hole area, and smoke is filtered by each first filter hole area. When the smoke extraction device (5) is separated from the copper rod (10), each of the elastic support plates (18) is reset, and the first pin in the first pin group (15) is inserted into the filter hole in each first filter hole area. At this time, smoke is filtered by each second filter hole area.

5. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: One or more first elastic blocks (19) are arranged around the bottom opening of the box. Each first elastic block (19) is provided with a first support spring (17) on its inner end. When the copper rod (10) to be melted is inserted into the box, it elastically opens each first elastic block (19).

6. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each box body is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe (6) at the top, and the smoke discharged through the smoke extraction assembly (12) is discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe (6).

7. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the feed inlets is provided with a floating guide mechanism (9) at the top. Each of the floating guide mechanisms (9) includes an elastic floating bracket. One or more second elastic blocks (93) are arranged equidistantly around the inner side of the top of the elastic floating bracket. The inner end of each second elastic block (93) is fixedly connected to the elastic floating bracket by one or more second support springs (92). The copper rod (10) to be melted passes through each second elastic block (93) and expands each second elastic block (93).

8. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic floating support includes a support bottom ring (94), a support top ring (91), and one or more elastic connecting rods (95). The support bottom ring (94) and the support top ring (91) are connected by the one or more elastic connecting rods (95). The entire elastic floating support is made of elastic metal material.

9. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each outer circular surface of the box is provided with a connecting ring (11), and each smoke extraction device (5) is hinged to each other through a hinge mechanism.

10. The smoke prevention device in the copper rod smelting system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the hinge mechanisms includes a connecting seat (8) and a connecting plate (7). The connecting plate (7) and the connecting seat (8) are fixed on the connecting ring (11). The connecting plate (7) is hinged in the connecting seat (8) to connect the various smoking devices (5) to form a matrix smoking device (5).

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