Coupler deployment optimization method and device for seawater single-line coupling energy transfer system

Abstract

The invention provides a coupler deployment optimization method and device for a seawater single-line coupling energy transfer system, mainly relates to the technical field of electric energy transmission, and specifically, the coupler deployment optimization method comprises the following steps: on the basis of electromagnetic field propagation boundaries of a first conductor and a second conductor, optimizing the electric energy transmission; solving the propagation model of the electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-line coupling energy transfer structure to obtain electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-line coupling energy transfer structure; based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, correcting circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupling energy transfer system to obtain corrected circuit model parameters; based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, a target mounting position of the coupling assembly on the first conductor is determined, and the target mounting position is configured to enable the coupling assembly to be located in a maximum value area of the axial magnetic field intensity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric energy transmission, and more particularly to a coupler deployment optimization method and device for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing depth of ocean observation and development activities, underwater power supply technology is the key to supporting long-term operation of various underwater equipment. Traditional wired power supply solutions are high in cost, vulnerable to damage and limit device mobility, making it difficult to meet long-distance and mobile power supply needs.

[0003] Seawater single-wire coupling power supply technology uses a single wire and seawater to form an electric energy transmission loop, and takes power through magnetic field induction, providing a flexible and reliable technical path to break through the bottleneck of underwater power supply. However, existing theoretical models fail to fully consider the electromagnetic wave coupling effect between the single wire and seawater medium, resulting in inaccurate simulation of electromagnetic field distribution and propagation characteristics. In addition, existing circuit models generally ignore the influence of seawater electromagnetic properties, resulting in large prediction deviations of system power supply performance, especially the inability to effectively evaluate and control energy loss in long-distance transmission. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a coupler deployment optimization method and device for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system.

[0005] One aspect of the present application provides a coupler deployment optimization method for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system, comprising: based on the electromagnetic field propagation boundary of a first conductor and a second conductor, solving the propagation model of electromagnetic waves in a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure; based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, correcting the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system to obtain corrected circuit model parameters; based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, determining a target mounting position of a coupling component on the first conductor, wherein the target mounting position is configured to place the coupling component in the maximum value region of the axial magnetic field strength.

[0006] Another aspect of the present application provides a coupler deployment optimization device for a seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system, comprising: a solving module configured to solve a propagation model of an electromagnetic wave in a seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure based on a propagation boundary of an electromagnetic field of a first conductor and a second conductor to obtain electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure; a correction module configured to correct circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics to obtain corrected circuit model parameters; and a determination module configured to determine a target mounting position of a coupling assembly on the first conductor based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, wherein the target mounting position is configured to cause the coupling assembly to be in a maximum value region of an axial magnetic field strength.

[0007] Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a memory configured to store one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method described above.

[0008] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, implement the method described above.

[0009] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed, implement the method described above.

[0010] According to embodiments of the present application, by accurately establishing a propagation model of an electromagnetic wave in a seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure, the influence of non-ideal characteristics of seawater is quantified, and the parameters of a traditional transmission line model are corrected accordingly. Based on the corrected model, the actual working wavelength and other propagation characteristics of the system can be accurately calculated, and ultimately the coupler is automatically optimized and positioned at the strongest magnetic field position on the long-distance cable to determine the optimal energy pickup point. This method fundamentally improves the efficiency, stability and reliability of the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system in long-distance complex underwater environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present application taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 A flowchart of a coupler deployment optimization method for a seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system according to embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of electromagnetic wave propagation in seawater according to embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0014] Figure 3 An equivalent circuit model of the seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0015] Figure 4 A diagram showing the variation of the operating wavelength with frequency according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0016] Figure 5 A diagram showing the ratio of the modified operating wavelength to the unmodified operating wavelength according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 A diagram showing the comparison of the theoretical calculation of the modified operating wavelength to the simulation calculation according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0018] Figure 7 A block diagram of a coupler deployment optimization apparatus for a seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0019] Figure 8 A block diagram of an electronic device adapted to implement a coupler deployment optimization method for a seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the description is merely exemplary of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.

[0021] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used herein, the term "includes" and tautological expressions thereof, such as "including," "includes," "include," "contains," "containing," and so forth, mean the term "comprises," "comprising," "comprises," "comprising," "comprises," "comprising," and so forth.

[0022] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined herein. It should be noted that the terms used herein are defined as having meanings that are consistent with the context of the specification in which the terms are used, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal way.

[0023] Underwater power supply technology is the key to support the large-scale deployment and long-term stable operation of underwater observation network, mobile platform and seabed sensing system equipment. Traditional wired power supply scheme not only has high construction and maintenance cost, but also is easily affected by complex environments such as submarine undercurrent and corrosion, and is limited by the mobility deployment capability of underwater equipment, which is difficult to meet the long-distance power supply demand of underwater platform in longitudinal movement scene.

[0024] The seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system uses a single wire and seawater to form a transmission loop, and uses the magnetic field excited by the single wire to couple with the secondary magnetic ring to generate an induced electromotive force, which provides a flexible and reliable technical path to break through the long-distance underwater power supply bottleneck.

[0025] However, the current theoretical modeling method for the system still has significant limitations, which is difficult to accurately describe the electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism between the single-wire cable and seawater medium, especially in the long-distance power transmission scene and complex underwater environment. The deviation of this theoretical description directly leads to the gap between the actual power transmission performance of the system and the expected high-efficiency target. Specifically, the existing model regards the single wire and seawater as two independent media, and fails to fully consider the electromagnetic wave coupling effect between them, resulting in inaccurate simulation of electromagnetic field distribution and propagation characteristics. In addition, most of the existing analysis only focuses on the electromagnetic field distribution, ignoring the influence of power supply system parameters (such as load voltage, frequency, etc.) on electromagnetic wave propagation, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the circuit model in long-distance power transmission. At the same time, the existing circuit model ignores the influence of the electromagnetic properties of seawater on the system, resulting in inaccurate prediction of the power supply performance of the system, especially the energy loss in long-distance power transmission, which restricts the engineering application of the system as a reliable power supply solution.

[0026] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a coupling device deployment optimization method for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system, which accurately establishes the propagation model of electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure, quantifies the influence of non-ideal characteristics of seawater, and corrects the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the system accordingly. Based on the corrected model, the key transmission characteristics of the energy transmission system can be accurately calculated, and finally the coupling device is automatically optimized and positioned at the position with the strongest energy coupling on the long-distance power supply loop to determine the optimal energy pickup point. This method fundamentally improves the efficiency, stability and reliability of the underwater power supply system in long-distance complex environments.

[0027] It should be noted that the coupler deployment optimization method and device for the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system provided in the embodiments of the present application are mainly applied to the technical field of electric energy transmission, and are especially suitable for underwater wireless power supply and other application scenarios. In addition, the application field of the system is not limited to this, and the system can also be applied to the field of ocean engineering technology. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific application field of the coupler deployment optimization method and device for the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart of the coupler deployment optimization method for the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system according to the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , the method comprises operations S101-S103.

[0030] In operation S101, based on the electromagnetic field propagation boundary of the first conductor and the second conductor, a propagation model of electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure is solved to obtain electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure.

[0031] In operation S102, based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission system are corrected to obtain corrected circuit model parameters.

[0032] In operation S103, based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, a target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor is determined.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first conductor can represent a single cable with a metal conductor inside and an insulating medium on the surface. The second conductor can represent seawater medium as a current return path.

[0034] In this embodiment, the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure can represent a coaxial power transmission structure composed of the first conductor and the second conductor. Specifically, the first conductor can be used to guide and bind the electromagnetic field, and the second conductor can be used as a non-ideal outer conductor to form an electric energy transmission loop with the first conductor.

[0035] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic field propagation boundary of the first conductor and the second conductor can represent the physical interface between the outer surface of the insulating layer of the first conductor and the second conductor.

[0036] In this embodiment, the propagation model of electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-wire coupled power transmission structure can physically characterize the propagation mechanism and law of energy in the single-wire-seawater special path. Specifically, the propagation model can be used to reveal and quantify the fundamental influence of seawater as a non-ideal conductor compared to an ideal coaxial structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics as the solution result of the propagation model can include electromagnetic field spatial distribution characteristics, energy propagation characteristics and key physical parameters. The electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristics can represent the vector distribution function of the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity in the single cable insulation layer and the seawater medium. The energy propagation characteristics represent the Poynting vector distribution of the energy flow, and the key physical parameters are the attenuation constant and the phase constant.

[0038] According to the embodiment of the present application, for the coaxial energy transmission structure composed of the first conductor and the second conductor, the propagation model is constructed and solved at the interface between the two, aiming to characterize the propagation mechanism and law of electromagnetic energy in the seawater single cable from the physical nature. Through solving the model, the fundamental influence of the seawater as a non-ideal conductor can be revealed and quantified, and the mechanism of energy mainly propagating in the form of surface wave along the insulation layer and seawater interface is clarified, so that the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics which can completely characterize the electromagnetic field spatial distribution and energy propagation characteristics are obtained.

[0039] In this embodiment, the circuit model of the seawater single cable coupling energy transmission system can be used to represent the seawater single cable coupling energy transmission structure as a transmission line, and the lumped representation of the transmission characteristics is represented by the unit length resistance, inductance and capacitance and the like.

[0040] According to the embodiment of the present application, the core of the correction of the circuit model parameters of the seawater single cable coupling energy transmission system is to compensate and update the circuit parameters of the traditional ideal coaxial line model according to the characteristics of the seawater as a non-ideal outer conductor, so that the corrected circuit model parameters can more accurately represent the transmission impedance and attenuation characteristics of the seawater single cable coupling energy transmission structure under actual working conditions.

[0041] In this embodiment, the coupling component can represent a physical device for coupling the transmission energy from the first conductor by electromagnetic induction, which can be a magnetic ring or an induction coil around the cable. The coupling component can be mounted at any position along the single cable.

[0042] In this embodiment, the target mounting position can represent one or more specific geometric coordinates along the axis of the first conductor, as the physical position with the highest energy coupling efficiency.

[0043] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the electromagnetic wave propagation law in seawater of the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0044] As Figure 2As shown in the schematic diagram, the schematic diagram shows the physical structure and electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure. In the structure, the first conductor 202 is an internal metal conductor, a single cable with a surface insulating layer, and the second conductor 201 is seawater, which is used as a medium for current return path. The first conductor 202 and the second conductor 201 together constitute an equivalent coaxial transmission loop. The insulating layer 203 wrapped around the first conductor 202 is used to guide and bind the electromagnetic field. The electrode 204 is connected with the excitation source 205, which is used to excite electromagnetic waves in the structure.

[0045] The electromagnetic wave mainly propagates in the form of surface wave along the interface between the insulating layer 203 and the second conductor 201 in the structure. Figure 2 In the structure, the arrow direction represents the electric field direction, the dotted line represents the magnetic field direction, and the dashed line represents the electromagnetic wave trend. Because the second conductor 201 is a non-ideal conductor and the transmission line is in an “electrically large size” working state, the electromagnetic wave will produce a significant standing wave effect in the propagation, which makes the magnetic field strength along the cable axial direction no longer uniform, but presents a periodically fluctuating wave state, that is, there is a series of alternating magnetic field strength maximum points and minimum points. By combining the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics reflecting the wave fluctuation attenuation and phase law with the modified transmission characteristics determining the wave fluctuation space period, the magnetic field strength distribution curve is reconstructed, and the points on the magnetic field strength distribution curve where the magnetic field strength is locally maximum can be determined as the target mounting position.

[0046] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application accurately establishes the propagation model of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure, quantifies the influence of the non-ideal characteristics of seawater, and modifies the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the system accordingly. Based on the modified model, the key transmission characteristics of the power supply system can be accurately calculated, and finally the coupler is guided to automatically optimize and locate in the position with the strongest energy coupling on the long-distance power supply loop to determine the optimal energy pickup point. This method fundamentally improves the power transmission efficiency, stability and reliability of the underwater power supply system in long-distance complex environment.

[0047] According to the embodiment of the present application, the electromagnetic field propagation boundary of the first conductor and the second conductor is used to solve the propagation model of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure, and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure are obtained, including: based on the first propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the first conductor and the second propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the second conductor, a first time-harmonic field control equation of the first conductor and a second time-harmonic field control equation of the second conductor are determined respectively; the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation are coupled by using the electromagnetic field propagation boundary, and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are obtained.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first propagation characteristic can represent an intrinsic property exhibited by the electromagnetic wave when propagating in the insulating layer of the first conductor, such as a single cable. In a specific embodiment, since the insulating layer of the single cable is a lossless medium, the electrical conductivity is approximately zero, and thus in a time-harmonic field, the free charge density and the conduction current in the insulating layer are both zero, and the first propagation characteristic is determined only by the material intrinsic parameters of the insulating layer, such as the permittivity and the permeability, which determine the phase velocity and the wave impedance of the electromagnetic wave therein.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first time-harmonic field control equation represents a partial differential equation set describing the spatial variation of the time-harmonic electromagnetic field in the insulating layer of the first conductor, which is established based on the first propagation characteristic.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the first propagation characteristic can be determined by the permittivity and the permeability of the insulating layer in the first conductor, and can be embodied by establishing a Maxwell equation set in the insulating layer of the first conductor, as shown in the following formula (1):

[0051] (1);

[0052] In the formula, represents the electric field intensity in the insulating layer, represents the magnetic field intensity in the insulating layer, represents the permittivity of the insulating layer, represents the permeability of the insulating layer, represents the system operating angular frequency, represents a vector differential operator.

[0053] In this specific embodiment, the first time-harmonic field control equation can be in the form of a passive and lossless Helmholtz equation, and based on the Maxwell equation set in the insulating layer as shown in the above formula (1), a Helmholtz equation set for the magnetic field and the electric field in the insulating layer can be constructed, as shown in the following formula (2):

[0054] (2);

[0055] In the formula, represents the propagation vector of the electromagnetic wave in the insulating layer, which serves as the first propagation characteristic.

[0056] In this specific embodiment, the propagation vector of the electromagnetic wave in the insulating layer can be represented by the permittivity of the insulating layer , the permeability of the insulating layer , and the system operating angular frequency , and the specific expression is shown in the following formula (3):

[0057] (3).

[0058] In this embodiment, the Helmholtz equations of the magnetic field and the electric field in the insulation layer, as shown in equation (2) above, are solved by using the separation of variables method, and the expressions of the magnetic field and the electric field in the insulation layer are obtained as follows:

[0059] (4);

[0060] In the formula, represents the radius of the unit vector, wherein, in the cylindrical coordinate system , the radius of the unit vector can represent the position vector of any point in space, that is, , , , , r represents the radial coordinate, represents the angular coordinate, represents the axial coordinate. represents a vector constant dependent on the boundary condition, which is independent of the spatial coordinates. Wherein, , , , are all constants.

[0061] In this embodiment, the second propagation characteristic can represent the inherent property exhibited by the electromagnetic wave when propagating in the second conductor, such as seawater. In a specific embodiment, since seawater is a lossy medium with significant electrical conductivity, the second propagation characteristic can be determined by the permittivity, permeability and conductivity of seawater. Among them, the existence of electrical conductivity is the fundamental reason for the Ohmic loss and exponential decay of electromagnetic waves in seawater.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second time-harmonic field control equation represents a partial differential equation group describing the spatial variation of the time-harmonic electromagnetic field in the second conductor, such as seawater, based on the second propagation characteristic.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the second propagation characteristic can be embodied by establishing the Maxwell equation group of the second conductor, such as seawater, as shown below:

[0064] (5);

[0065] In the formula, represents the electric field intensity in seawater, represents the magnetic field intensity in seawater, represents the electrical conductivity of seawater, represents the permittivity of seawater, represents the permeability of seawater, represents the system operating angular frequency. Wherein, the current density in seawater satisfies .

[0066] In this embodiment, due to the consideration of the conduction current, the second time-harmonic field control equation is generally in the form of the generalized Helmholtz equation in the lossy medium, and the complex wave number contains the loss term. Based on the Maxwell equations of the second conductor as shown in equation (5) above, the Helmholtz equation set of the magnetic field and the electric field of the second conductor can be constructed, which is specifically shown as follows:

[0067] (6);

[0068] In the equation, represents the propagation vector of the electromagnetic wave in seawater as the second propagation characteristic.

[0069] In this embodiment, the propagation vector of the electromagnetic wave in seawater can be represented by the dielectric constant of seawater , the magnetic permeability of seawater , the electrical conductivity of seawater , and the system operating angular frequency , and the specific expression is shown as follows:

[0070] (7).

[0071] In this embodiment, the Helmholtz equation set of the magnetic field and the electric field of the second conductor as shown in equation (6) above is solved by using the separation of variables method, and the expression of the magnetic field and the electric field of the second conductor can be obtained, which is specifically shown as follows:

[0072] (8);

[0073] In the equation, represents another vector constant dependent on the boundary condition.

[0074] According to the embodiment of the present application, by introducing the boundary condition satisfied on the electromagnetic field propagation boundary, the originally independent first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation are associated and solved to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic which can truly reflect the energy propagation rule along the special path.

[0075] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation are coupled by using the electromagnetic field propagation boundary to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic, including: at the electromagnetic field propagation boundary, the boundary condition of the tangential component continuity of the electric field intensity and the tangential component continuity of the magnetic field intensity is applied; the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation are coupled and solved based on the boundary condition to obtain the electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-line coupled energy transmission structure; and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic representing the energy propagation along the interface is obtained based on the electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristic.

[0076] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic field propagation boundary represents a physical interface between the outer surface of the insulating layer of the first conductor and the second conductor.

[0077] In this embodiment, the boundary condition comprises that the tangential components of the electric field intensity vector on both sides of the physical interface are equal, and that the tangential components of the magnetic field intensity vector on both sides of the physical interface are equal. This boundary condition can be used to couple the wave parameters in the insulating layer of the first conductor with the wave parameters in the seawater.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, for solving the propagation model of the seawater single wire coupling energy transmission system, a boundary condition needs to be established and applied on the electromagnetic field propagation boundary. When the electromagnetic wave is incident into the seawater from the single wire at an angle , the propagation vectors of the incident wave, the reflected wave and the refracted wave are defined as , , respectively. In general, the magnetic flux density components on both sides of the electromagnetic field propagation boundary interface are equal. When the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z-axis, the boundary condition of the propagation vector satisfies the following relationship:

[0079] (9);

[0080] wherein represents the propagation vector of the incident wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z-axis, represents the propagation vector of the reflected wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z-axis, and represents the propagation vector of the refracted wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z-axis.

[0081] In order to simplify the analysis, the propagation and attenuation rules of the electromagnetic wave along the radial component and the axial component are mainly considered, and the electromagnetic wave component in the direction is ignored. Therefore, the vector expression of the electromagnetic refracted wave is as follows:

[0082] (10);

[0083] wherein represents the propagation vector of the refracted wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the r-axis. Wherein the propagation vector of the incident wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z-axis is , and the propagation vector of the refracted wave when the electromagnetic wave propagates along the r-axis is . In the seawater medium, the propagation vector expression is established, which is specifically as follows:

[0084] (11);

[0085] (12); ​

[0086] wherein, represents an attenuation constant, which can represent the amplitude attenuation per unit length of electromagnetic wave in the transmission process. represents a phase shift constant, which can represent the phase lag per unit distance. When the incident angle is constant, and are constants. m represents an intermediate variable related to the boundary condition, wherein, .

[0087] In this specific embodiment, the electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristics can represent the field vector spatial distribution functions that completely describe the spatial variation of the electric field intensity vector and the magnetic field intensity vector within the coaxial structure.

[0088] By combining the boundary condition as shown in equation (9) with the Helmholtz equation in the insulating layer and seawater, the specific coefficients in the solution can be determined, and the spatial distribution expression of the electromagnetic field intensity in seawater medium can be obtained. For example, assuming that the magnetic field direction of the system is mainly along the angular direction , the magnetic field intensity expression in seawater is as follows:

[0089] (13) ;

[0090] Based on equation (5) and equation (13), the expression of the electric field intensity in seawater varying with the axial distance z and the radial distance r can be obtained as follows:

[0091] (14) ;

[0092] wherein, e r represents the radial unit vector in the cylindrical coordinate system, e z represents the axial unit vector in the cylindrical coordinate system.

[0093] In this specific embodiment, the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics can also include the spatial distribution function of the Poynting vector. The Poynting vector represents the instantaneous direction of electromagnetic energy flow and the power flow density.

[0094] For example, based on equation (13) and equation (14), the Poynting vector at the seawater boundary can be further solved, and its expression is as follows:

[0095] (15) ;

[0096] wherein, represents the Poynting vector at the seawater boundary.

[0097] Similarly, the magnetic field intensity expression in the insulating layer is as follows:

[0098] (16);

[0099] Based on formula (1) and formula (14), the expression of the electric field intensity in the insulation layer varying with the axial distance z and the radial distance r is as follows:

[0100] (17).

[0101] Based on formula (16) and formula (17), the Poynting vector at the boundary of the insulation layer can be further solved, and the expression is as follows:

[0102] (18);

[0103] In the formula, represents the Poynting vector at the boundary of the insulation layer.

[0104] In this specific embodiment, based on formula (16) and formula (18), it can be known that the energy mainly propagates in the direction parallel to the boundary, that is, the axial direction z, and is concentrated near the interface. Therefore, the spatial distribution function of the Poynting vector as shown in formula (16) and formula (18) can convert the abstract field distribution into an intuitive energy transmission image.

[0105] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application can obtain the real distribution of the electromagnetic field in space by establishing control equations according to the intrinsic parameters of the insulation layer and seawater respectively, and strictly applying the electromagnetic field boundary conditions at the interface for coupled solving, and can reveal and prove the physical nature that the energy mainly propagates along the interface in the form of surface wave, thereby providing a reliable theoretical basis and data basis for subsequent circuit parameter correction and coupler position optimization, and solving the core problem of inaccurate prediction of traditional models in long-distance transmission scenarios.

[0106] According to the embodiment of the present application, the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system are corrected based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, and the corrected circuit model parameters are obtained, including: obtaining the skin depth of the magnetic field in the second conductor from the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics; determining an additional inductance component based on the skin depth; and correcting the inductance parameter by using the additional inductance component to obtain the inductance correction parameter.

[0107] According to the embodiment of the present application, the corrected circuit model parameters further include resistance correction parameters, wherein the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system are corrected to obtain the corrected circuit model parameters, and further including: obtaining the attenuation constant of the electromagnetic wave in the second conductor from the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics; determining an equivalent resistance component based on the attenuation constant; and correcting the resistance parameter by using the equivalent resistance component to obtain the resistance correction parameter.

[0108] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission characteristics of a seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system can be analyzed based on transmission line theory. For a uniform transmission line of unit length, the propagation coefficient of its electromagnetic waves can be given by the telegraph equation, the expression of which is as follows:

[0109] (19);

[0110] In the formula, The symbol represents the propagation coefficient of electromagnetic waves, R represents the resistance per unit length, L represents the inductance per unit length, C represents the capacitance per unit length, and G represents the conductance per unit length. This represents the system's operating angular frequency.

[0111] In this specific embodiment, since the conductivity of the insulating layer is extremely low, the conductivity per unit length is approximately 0 and can be ignored. Based on this, the attenuation constant and phase drift constant can be derived from the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave, and their expressions are as follows:

[0112] (20);

[0113] (twenty one).

[0114] In this specific embodiment, the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the system can be calculated based on the phase drift constant, and its expression is as follows:

[0115] (twenty two);

[0116] In the formula, This indicates the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0117] In this specific embodiment, as can be seen from equation (22), the phase drift constant and the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave directly depend on the unit length resistance R, the unit length inductance L, and the unit length capacitance C.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present invention, since seawater is not an ideal conductor, the parameters of the traditional coaxial line model are not applicable and need to be modified. The traditional model assumes that the outer conductor is an ideal conductor, the magnetic field is completely confined within the insulating layer, and the inductance is small; the resistance is also considered only for the conductor's resistance. However, in the actual case where seawater is the outer conductor, the magnetic field penetrates into the seawater, increasing the inductance; simultaneously, the finite conductivity of seawater introduces additional resistance. Therefore, the modification of the circuit model parameters for the seawater single-wire coupled energy transfer system essentially involves modifying the resistance R, inductance L, and capacitance C per unit length to reflect the influence of seawater as a non-ideal outer conductor.

[0119] In this embodiment, the expression for the capacitance C per unit length is as follows:

[0120] (twenty three);

[0121] In the formula, a represents the radius of the inner conductor, and b represents the outer diameter of the insulation layer. Since the capacitance C per unit length is mainly determined by the material and size of the insulation layer between the inner and outer conductors, there is no need to correct the capacitance C per unit length; only the resistance R and inductance L per unit length need to be corrected.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupled energy transfer system include inductance parameters. In this embodiment, when the outer conductor is an ideal conductor, the magnetic field is completely confined between the insulating layers of the inner and outer conductors. The inductance parameter represents the inductance per unit length within the insulating layer, and its expression is as follows:

[0123] (twenty four);

[0124] In the formula, This represents the inductance per unit length within the insulation layer.

[0125] In this embodiment, when the outer conductor is a second conductor such as seawater, the magnetic field penetrates into the seawater medium, and the distribution range of the magnetic field extends from the insulating layer to the interior of the seawater. In this case, the skin depth can be used to characterize the degree of attenuation of the magnetic field in the seawater. This skin depth can be calculated based on the permeability and conductivity of the second conductor. The expression for the skin depth is as follows:

[0126] (25);

[0127] In the formula, Indicates skin depth.

[0128] In this embodiment, the magnetic field penetrating into the seawater medium stores additional magnetic energy, forming an internal inductance generated by the seawater. This is equivalent to introducing additional inductance into the circuit model. Therefore, this seawater-generated internal inductance can be used as an additional inductance component to correct the inductance per unit length within the insulating layer. Specifically, the seawater-generated internal inductance can be calculated based on the skin depth of the magnetic field in the seawater, and its expression is as follows:

[0129] (26);

[0130] In the formula, This indicates the internal inductance generated by seawater.

[0131] In the first embodiment, the inductance per unit length in the insulation layer is corrected based on the internal inductance generated by seawater to obtain an inductance correction parameter. For example, the internal inductance generated by seawater and the inductance per unit length in the insulation layer are superposed to obtain an inductance correction parameter expression as follows:

[0132] (27);

[0133] In the formula, represents the inductance correction parameter.

[0134] In the second embodiment, in addition to the internal inductance generated by seawater, the internal inductance of the first conductor such as a single cable itself can also be considered as an additional inductance component, and its expression is as follows:

[0135] (27);

[0136] In the formula, represents the internal inductance of the single cable itself, represents the permeability of the single cable.

[0137] In the second embodiment, the inductance per unit length in the insulation layer can also be corrected based on the internal inductance generated by seawater and the internal inductance of the single cable itself to obtain an inductance correction parameter. For example, the internal inductance generated by seawater, the internal inductance of the single cable itself, and the inductance per unit length in the insulation layer are superposed to obtain an inductance correction parameter expression as follows:

[0138] (28)。

[0139] According to the embodiment of the present application, the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupling power transmission system also include a resistance parameter. In this embodiment, the resistance of the seawater single-line coupling power transmission system is composed of two parts, the alternating current resistance of the first conductor such as a single cable itself and the resistance of the second conductor such as seawater.

[0140] In an embodiment, since the system works under alternating current, the skin effect also needs to be considered for the alternating current resistance of the single cable conductor itself. Assuming that the current uniformly passes through the surface of the circular conductor, the alternating current resistance of the single cable conductor itself is expressed as follows:

[0141] (29);

[0142] In the formula, represents the alternating current resistance of the single cable conductor itself, represents the resistivity of the single cable conductor, is the system frequency.

[0143] In this embodiment, it can be seen from formula (19) that the attenuation constant is the real part of the propagation coefficient of electromagnetic wave . The propagation coefficient of electromagnetic wave can be obtained by solving the telegraph equation of the single-wire coupling energy transmission system in seawater, and the real part of the propagation coefficient of electromagnetic wave can be further solved to obtain the attenuation constant , as shown in equation (20). The attenuation constant represents the decay rate of the field amplitude of electromagnetic wave per unit distance when propagating along the transmission direction. In the system, the attenuation constant comprehensively reflects the Ohmic loss effect caused by the AC resistance of the single-wire conductor and the resistance of seawater, and the total loss is composed of two parts: one part is caused by the AC resistance of the single-wire itself, and the other part is caused by the equivalent resistance of seawater. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the attenuation part caused by seawater from the total loss to determine the equivalent resistance of seawater.

[0144] In this embodiment, since the AC resistance of uniform seawater is related to multiple factors such as single-wire length, current frequency, electrode material and surface area, it is difficult to accurately calculate by a single analytical formula. To ensure the accuracy of the model, the AC resistance of seawater can be determined by an experimental correlation method in the present application, and used as an equivalent resistance component to correct the unit length resistance in the insulating layer.

[0145] In a specific embodiment, the step of determining the AC resistance of seawater can include constructing a “single-wire-seawater” transmission line test sample with a preset length in an environment consistent with the actual working conditions of the system, such as frequency and water quality. At the system working frequency, the transmission parameters of the test sample can be measured using a precision measuring instrument such as a vector network analyzer (VNA), and the total attenuation of the test sample with a length of at the system working frequency can be calculated based on the transmission parameters. The measured total attenuation is converted into a measured attenuation constant . The specific conversion formula is:

[0146] (30);

[0147] In the formula, ln represents the base of the natural logarithm.

[0148] In this specific embodiment, according to the transmission line theory, the attenuation constant component caused by the pure conductor resistance can be approximately estimated as:

[0149] (31);

[0150] In the formula,​​ represents the attenuation constant component caused by the conductor resistance, and Z0 represents the characteristic impedance of the single-wire-seawater transmission line structure, which can be calculated by the inductance per unit length L and the capacitance per unit length C, i.e. .

[0151] In this specific embodiment, by subtracting the attenuation component caused by the conductor from the measured total attenuation, the attenuation constant caused by the seawater medium can be obtained, and the expression is as follows:

[0152] (32);

[0153] In the formula, represents the seawater-caused attenuation constant.

[0154] In this specific embodiment, according to the relationship between the attenuation constant and the resistance component in the transmission line theory, the equivalent resistance component per unit length of seawater is inversely deduced, and the expression is as follows:

[0155] (33);

[0156] In the formula, represents the equivalent resistance of seawater.

[0157] In this specific embodiment, the above experimental measurement method is only an exemplary way to determine the equivalent resistance component. Those skilled in the art can also use other measurement or calculation methods to obtain the equivalent resistance component, as long as it can reflect the ohmic loss of seawater medium.

[0158] According to the embodiment of the present application, based on the alternating current resistance of seawater, the resistance per unit length in the insulating layer is corrected to obtain a resistance correction parameter, which is used to accurately reflect the total resistance per unit length of the total ohmic loss of the single-wire-seawater coupled energy transmission structure. For example, the alternating current resistance of the single wire itself and the alternating current resistance of seawater are superimposed to obtain the resistance correction parameter expression as follows:

[0159] (34);

[0160] In the formula, represents the resistance correction parameter.

[0161] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application corrects the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system by extracting the skin depth and attenuation constant from the accurate electromagnetic field model. Specifically, by introducing an additional inductance component determined by the skin depth, the magnetic energy storage increased by the magnetic field penetration into seawater is accurately quantified, and the defect of the traditional model that underestimates the system inductance due to the assumption of an ideal outer conductor is corrected. Then, by correlating the attenuation constant with the experimental method, an equivalent resistance component reflecting the seawater ohmic loss is determined to replace the conductor resistance in the traditional ideal coaxial model, so as to accurately reflect the total resistance including seawater loss in the circuit model. The circuit model parameter correction method collectively makes the unit length inductance and resistance parameters in the circuit model truly reflect the complex electromagnetic characteristics of seawater as a non-ideal conductor, thereby laying a reliable model foundation for subsequent accurate calculation of the system operating wavelength and further optimization of the coupler deployment position, and fundamentally solving the key technical problems of the traditional analysis model that is inaccurate in prediction under long-distance and complex sea conditions and cannot guide efficient energy acquisition.

[0162] According to the embodiment of the present application, based on the above inductance correction parameter, resistance correction parameter and unit length capacitance parameter, the present application can further construct an equivalent circuit model of the complete loop of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system, and calculate its key propagation characteristics, thereby providing an accurate model foundation for the optimization deployment of the coupler.

[0163] Reference will be made to the following Figure 3 , and further description of the equivalent circuit model of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system will be made in combination with specific embodiments.

[0164] Figure 3 An equivalent circuit model of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0165] According to the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 An equivalent circuit model implementation manner of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system is shown. Since the underwater coupling component can be mounted at any position of the single wire, in order to facilitate analysis, the mounting position of the coupling component can be taken as a node, the entire single-wire transmission path can be divided into upper and lower parts, and the equivalent circuit model thereof can be constructed by applying the transmission line theory respectively.

[0166] As shown in the equivalent circuit model of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system, Figure 3 The equivalent circuit model of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system includes an excitation source, an upper transmission line lumped parameter circuit, a lower transmission line lumped parameter circuit, an underwater coupler and a load side, which describes the complete energy transmission path from the power source to the load, and the energy transmission process can be illustrated in the logical order of signal excitation, transmission line energy transmission, coupler energy induction transmission and load energy acquisition.

[0167] In this embodiment, the excitation source U s is a high frequency AC source with internal resistance R in . The current flows out from the positive terminal of the power source, and first flows into the front-end circuit of the upper transmission line lumped parameter circuit.

[0168] In this embodiment, the upper transmission line lumped parameter circuit is a lumped equivalent model of the transmission loop of the single wire-seawater structure. The model simulates the transmission characteristics of the actual distributed parameter transmission line within a certain length by equivalently transforming the actual distributed parameter transmission line into lumped elements. The physical meanings of the elements are as follows: the loss elements include the equivalent resistance R s1 of the upper transmission line, the upper electrode plate resistance R p1 , and the equivalent resistance R l1 of the upper transmission line. The loss elements are responsible for consuming part of the power in the transmission process. The magnetic field energy storage elements include the equivalent inductance L l1 of the upper transmission line. The magnetic field energy storage elements are used to store the magnetic field energy generated by the current of the transmission line. The electric field energy storage elements include the distributed capacitance C1 between the upper transmission line and seawater, and the distributed capacitance C 21 between the upper transmission line and the electrode plate. The electric field energy storage elements are used to store the electric field energy between the transmission line and the surrounding medium.

[0169] In this embodiment, the lower transmission line lumped parameter circuit has the same structure and physical meaning as the upper transmission line, and only represents a different position of the single wire. The lower transmission line lumped parameter circuit can be used to continue the transmission of the single wire under water after the energy is coupled by the coupler. The lower transmission line represents the “single wire-seawater” transmission section after the coupler node. The elements in the lower transmission line lumped parameter circuit include: the equivalent resistance R s2 of the lower transmission line, the lower electrode plate resistance R p2 , the equivalent resistance R l2 of the lower transmission line, the equivalent inductance L l2 of the lower transmission line, the distributed capacitance C3 between the lower transmission line and seawater, and the distributed capacitance C 22 .

[0170] In this embodiment, the underwater coupler can be regarded as a pair of mutually coupled coils for realizing the wireless transmission of energy from the transmission line to the load. Specifically, the primary side of the underwater coupler is composed of the primary coil self-inductance L T and the primary coil parasitic resistance R T . The current flowing through the upper transmission line will generate an alternating magnetic field after entering the primary coil. The secondary side of the underwater coupler is composed of the secondary coil self-inductance L R and the secondary coil parasitic resistance R R . Through mutual inductance M, the alternating magnetic field of the primary coil will induce an alternating electromotive force in the secondary coil, thereby realizing the wireless transmission of energy from the primary side transmission line to the secondary side load circuit.

[0171] In this embodiment, the load side can be used for terminal energy acquisition. The induced electric energy drives the current in the load loop of the secondary side, and finally is delivered to the load R load , the load R load As a power supply terminal, the transmitted electric energy is consumed, thereby completing the entire energy transmission and utilization process from the power supply to the load.

[0172] In this embodiment, for the length of the transmission line segment l1, the lumped parameter inductance, the lumped parameter capacitance and the lumped parameter resistance can be obtained by multiplying the modified circuit model parameters and the length of the transmission line, and the specific expressions are as follows:

[0173] (35);

[0174] In the formula, L1 represents the lumped parameter inductance of the transmission line segment, R1 represents the lumped parameter resistance of the transmission line segment, and C1 represents the lumped parameter capacitance of the transmission line segment.

[0175] Similarly, for the length of the transmission line segment l2, the lumped parameter inductance, the lumped parameter capacitance and the lumped parameter resistance can be obtained by multiplying the modified circuit model parameters and the length of the transmission line, and the specific expressions are as follows:

[0176] (36);

[0177] In the formula, L2 represents the lumped parameter inductance of the transmission line segment, R2 represents the lumped parameter resistance of the transmission line segment, and C2 represents the lumped parameter capacitance of the transmission line segment.

[0178] In this embodiment, these lumped parameters and the self-inductance of the primary coil of the coupling device, the self-inductance of the secondary coil, the mutual inductance and the parasitic resistance, the electrode plate resistance, the equivalent resistance of the seawater loop, and the power supply and the load together constitute a complete equivalent circuit as shown in Figure 3 .

[0179] According to the embodiment of the application, based on the modified circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the target mounting position of the coupling assembly on the first conductor is determined, which comprises: calculating the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave based on the modified circuit model parameters; determining the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function along the axial direction of the first conductor based on the magnetic field amplitude decay law and the phase change law included in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, and combining the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave; and determining the target mounting position of the coupling assembly on the first conductor according to the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function.

[0180] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is calculated based on the corrected circuit model parameters, including: calculating the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave based on the inductance correction parameters, resistance correction parameters, and capacitance parameters; and calculating the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave based on the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave.

[0181] In one specific embodiment, the inductance correction parameter L obtained by modifying as shown in formulas (27), (28), and (34) can be used. t With resistance correction parameter R t Substitute the unit length capacitance C into the expression shown in formula (19) to calculate the propagation coefficient of the corrected electromagnetic wave. Then extract the corrected phase constant from the propagation coefficient of the corrected electromagnetic wave and calculate the working wavelength of the corrected electromagnetic wave using the expression shown in formula (22).

[0182] In another specific embodiment, the inductance correction parameter L obtained by correction in formulas (27), (28), and (34) can also be directly applied. t With resistance correction parameter R t Substituting the capacitance C per unit length into the expression shown in formula (22), the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength is calculated. Specifically, the expression for the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength is as follows:

[0183] (37);

[0184] In the formula, This indicates the corrected operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0185] According to an embodiment of the present invention, to illustrate the effect of the circuit model parameter correction method of the present invention, a comparison is made with an uncorrected simplified model. In the uncorrected model, the coupling effect between the "single line and seawater" is usually ignored, and the electromagnetic wave is only considered to propagate in an infinite seawater medium. The formula for calculating its operating wavelength is:

[0186] (38);

[0187] In the formula, This indicates the operating wavelength of the uncorrected model.

[0188] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the variation of the operating wavelength with frequency according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0189] like Figure 4 As shown, the corrected wavelength represents the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength λ calculated based on formula (37). s The uncorrected wavelength represents the uncorrected operating wavelength based on formula (38). Both wavelengths decrease inversely with increasing frequency, but the corrected wavelength is shorter than the uncorrected wavelength.

[0190] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the wavelength ratio of the modified operating wavelength to the unmodified operating wavelength according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0191] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this graph reveals the nonlinear relationship between the ratio of the corrected operating wavelength to the uncorrected operating wavelength and frequency. Specifically, the wavelength ratio is approximately 3.62 at 0.5 MHz; it drops to 3.34 at 1 MHz; 2.83 at 1.5 MHz; 2.13 at 2 MHz; and stabilizes around 2.11 and 2.10 at 2.5 MHz and 3 MHz, respectively. The overall trend indicates that the ratio decreases nonlinearly and inversely proportionally with increasing frequency, rather than being a simple constant multiple.

[0192] The fundamental reason for this nonlinear change lies in the wavelength shortening mechanism caused by seawater acting as a non-ideal outer conductor. When the outer conductor is an ideal conductor, the electromagnetic field is completely confined within the insulating layer, and its propagation characteristics are determined solely by the parameters of the insulating layer. However, when the outer conductor is seawater, a non-ideal conductor, the alternating magnetic field partially penetrates into the seawater medium. This penetration effect is equivalent to increasing the inductance per unit length of the system, directly causing an increase in the phase constant, which in turn leads to a shortening of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the corrected wavelength is simultaneously affected by the combined electromagnetic parameters of both the insulating layer and the seawater medium, and the curve showing the ratio of these parameters is a direct reflection of this complex coupling effect.

[0193] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the comparison between theoretical calculation and simulation calculation of the modified operating wavelength according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0194] like Figure 6 As shown, to quantitatively verify the accuracy of the corrected formula (37), a full-wave electromagnetic simulation was performed on the seawater single-wire coupled energy transfer system of the present invention. The figure shows the comparison results of the theoretically calculated wavelength and the simulated wavelength based on formula (37) across the entire frequency band under typical parameters. Among them, the solid line represents the theoretical calculation curve, and the dashed line represents the simulation calculation curve. The two curves show a high degree of consistency across the entire frequency band, which strongly proves that the correction method of introducing skin depth to correct the inductance and determining the equivalent resistance through experimental correlation can accurately characterize the theoretical propagation characteristics of the "single-wire-seawater" coupled energy transfer system under the simulation model, thereby verifying the effectiveness and reliability of the corrected model proposed in this invention at the theoretical level.

[0195] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application realizes the accurate calculation of the working wavelength in the seawater single-line coupling energy transmission structure by substituting the inductance, resistance parameters and inherent capacitance parameters corrected based on the seawater skin depth and attenuation constant into the transmission line equation. The corrected electromagnetic wave working wavelength is significantly shortened compared with the wavelength of the traditional simplified model ignoring the coupling effect, and the ratio of the two changes nonlinearly with the frequency, which essentially reveals the physical mechanism of the increase of the equivalent inductance of the system and the shortening of the wavelength caused by the magnetic field penetration of seawater as a non-ideal outer conductor. The high consistency between the theoretical calculation and the full-wave simulation results verifies that the method effectively overcomes the prediction deviation of the traditional model in the long-distance transmission scene, provides real and reliable system characteristic parameters for the subsequent accurate synthesis of the magnetic field distribution and the optimization of the deployment position of the coupler, and fundamentally improves the accuracy and transmission efficiency of the design of the seawater single-line coupling energy transmission system.

[0196] According to the embodiment of the present application, the target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor is determined according to the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function, which includes: based on the preset cable length interval, the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function is optimized and calculated to obtain the axial coordinate of the local maximum magnetic field intensity; and based on the axial coordinate of the local maximum magnetic field intensity, the target mounting position is determined.

[0197] According to the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the target mounting position of the coupler can be determined. Specifically, the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function along the axial direction of the first conductor can be synthesized by combining the physical law contained in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics and the working wavelength calculated by formula (33).

[0198] Among them, the magnetic field amplitude attenuation law can be described by the attenuation constant α in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, which represents the exponential attenuation trend of the magnetic field amplitude with the axial distance. The phase change law can be described by the phase constant β in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, which represents the periodic spatial oscillation of the magnetic field caused by the standing wave effect.

[0199] In a specific embodiment, by synthesizing the above laws, a magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function describing the change of the axial magnetic field intensity amplitude with the axial position can be constructed, which quantifies the magnetic field intensity available for the coupler to pick up at any point on the cable. Its general form can be represented as:

[0200] (38);

[0201] In the formula, represents the amplitude coefficient related to the intensity of the excitation source. represents the initial phase.

[0202] In this specific embodiment, to find the installation point with the strongest magnetic field coupling, the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function needs to be optimized and calculated in the preset cable length interval [zstart ,z end ] (i.e. the actual cable segment that is allowed to be installed in engineering), the magnetic field strength amplitude distribution function is mathematically optimized. The optimization process aims to find all local maximum points within the domain of the function . This can be achieved by numerical algorithms, for example: calculating the first derivative of the function and finding its zero points, while verifying the second derivative at the point to determine the location of the local maximum point.

[0203] In this specific embodiment, the optimization calculation outputs one or more axial coordinate values z peak,1 ,z peak,2 , which correspond to the positions of the strongest theoretical magnetic field on the given cable segment. The axial coordinate z peak determined by the optimization calculation is determined as the target mounting position of the coupling assembly.

[0204] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application can quickly and accurately output one or more axial coordinates that make the magnetic field coupling strength reach a local maximum by performing automatic optimization calculation on the accurately synthesized magnetic field strength amplitude distribution function within the preset engineering cable length interval. The target mounting position determined in this way provides clear quantitative installation guidance for system deployment, thereby fundamentally ensuring that the coupler can be deployed at the theoretically optimal energy pickup point under any long-distance transmission working condition, and ultimately systematically improving the transmission efficiency and working stability of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system.

[0205] Figure 7 A block diagram of a coupler deployment optimization apparatus for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0206] As shown in Figure 7 , the coupler deployment optimization apparatus includes a solving module 710, a correction module 720, and a determination module 730.

[0207] The solving module 710 is configured to solve a propagation model of an electromagnetic wave in a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure based on an electromagnetic field propagation boundary of a first conductor and a second conductor, and obtain electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission structure.

[0208] The correction module 720 is configured to correct circuit model parameters of the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, and obtain corrected circuit model parameters.

[0209] The determination module 730 is configured to determine a target mounting position of a coupling assembly on the first conductor based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics.

[0210] According to an embodiment of the present application, the solving module 710 comprises a control equation determining submodule and a coupling submodule.

[0211] The control equation determining submodule is configured to determine a first time-harmonic field control equation of the first conductor and a second time-harmonic field control equation of the second conductor based on the first propagation characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the first conductor and the second propagation characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the second conductor, respectively.

[0212] The coupling submodule is configured to perform coupling processing on the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation by using the electromagnetic field propagation boundary to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic.

[0213] According to an embodiment of the present application, the coupling submodule comprises a boundary condition determining unit, a coupling solving unit and an electromagnetic field distribution characteristic determining unit.

[0214] The boundary condition determining unit is configured to apply a boundary condition of continuity of tangential component of electric field intensity and continuity of tangential component of magnetic field intensity at the electromagnetic field propagation boundary.

[0215] The coupling solving unit is configured to perform coupling solving on the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation based on the boundary condition to obtain the electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the monopole coupling energy transmission structure of seawater.

[0216] The electromagnetic field distribution characteristic determining unit is configured to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic representing energy propagation along the interface based on the electromagnetic field intensity spatial distribution characteristic.

[0217] According to an embodiment of the present application, the correction module 720 comprises a skin depth obtaining submodule, an additional inductance component determining submodule and an inductance correction submodule.

[0218] The skin depth obtaining submodule is configured to obtain the skin depth of the magnetic field in the second conductor from the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic.

[0219] The additional inductance component determining submodule is configured to determine the additional inductance component based on the skin depth.

[0220] The inductance correction submodule is configured to correct the inductance parameter by using the additional inductance component to obtain the inductance correction parameter.

[0221] According to an embodiment of the present application, the correction module 720 further comprises an attenuation constant submodule, an equivalent resistance component determining submodule and a resistance correction submodule.

[0222] The attenuation constant submodule is configured to obtain the attenuation constant of the electromagnetic wave in the second conductor from the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic.

[0223] The equivalent resistance component determination sub-module is configured to determine an equivalent resistance component based on the attenuation constant.

[0224] The resistance correction sub-module is configured to correct the resistance parameter by using the equivalent resistance component to obtain a resistance correction parameter.

[0225] According to an embodiment of the present application, the determination module 730 comprises a wavelength calculation sub-module, an amplitude distribution function determination sub-module, and a position determination sub-module.

[0226] The wavelength calculation sub-module is configured to calculate a corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength based on the corrected circuit model parameter.

[0227] The amplitude distribution function determination sub-module is configured to determine a magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function along the first conductor axial direction based on the magnetic field amplitude attenuation law and the phase variation law included in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, and in combination with the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength.

[0228] The position determination sub-module is configured to determine a target mounting position of the coupling assembly on the first conductor according to the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function.

[0229] According to an embodiment of the present application, the wavelength calculation sub-module comprises a propagation coefficient calculation unit and a wavelength calculation unit.

[0230] The propagation coefficient calculation unit is configured to calculate a propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave based on the inductance correction parameter, the resistance correction parameter, and the capacitance parameter.

[0231] The wavelength calculation unit is configured to calculate the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength based on the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave.

[0232] According to an embodiment of the present application, the position determination sub-module comprises a coordinate determination unit and a position determination unit.

[0233] The coordinate determination unit is configured to perform optimization calculation on the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function based on a preset cable length interval to obtain an axial coordinate at which the magnetic field intensity is a local maximum.

[0234] The position determination unit is configured to determine the target mounting position based on the axial coordinate at which the magnetic field intensity is a local maximum.

[0235] Any of the modules, sub-modules, units, sub-units, or at least part of any of them according to the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in one module. Any of the modules, sub-modules, units, sub-units, or at least part of any of them according to the embodiments of the present application can be split into a plurality of modules. Any of the modules, sub-modules, units, sub-units, or at least part of any of them according to the embodiments of the present application can be implemented at least in part as a hardware circuit, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on chip, a system on board, a system on package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable way of hardware or firmware by integrating or packaging circuits, or in any one of software, hardware and firmware or in a proper combination of any of them. Alternatively, any of the modules, sub-modules, units, sub-units, or at least part of any of them according to the embodiments of the present application can be implemented at least in part as computer program modules which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program modules are run.

[0236] For example, any of the solving module 710, the revising module 720, the determining module 730 can be combined in one module / unit / sub-unit, or any of them can be split into a plurality of modules / units / sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functions of one or more of the modules / units / sub-units can be combined with at least part of the functions of other modules / units / sub-units and implemented in one module / unit / sub-unit. According to the embodiments of the present application, at least one of the solving module 710, the revising module 720, the determining module 730 can be implemented at least in part as a hardware circuit, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on chip, a system on board, a system on package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable way of hardware or firmware by integrating or packaging circuits, or in any one of software, hardware and firmware or in a proper combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of the solving module 710, the revising module 720, the determining module 730 can be implemented at least in part as computer program modules which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program modules are run.

[0237] It should be noted that the coupling device deployment optimization part for the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system in the embodiments of the present application corresponds to the coupling device deployment optimization method part for the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system in the embodiments of the present application, and the description of the coupling device deployment optimization part for the seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system is specifically referred to the coupling device deployment optimization method part, which will not be repeated here.

[0238] Figure 8 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a method for optimizing deployment of a coupler for a seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0239] Figure 8 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not bring any limitation to the function and scope of use of embodiments of the present application.

[0240] As shown in Figure 8 embodiments of the present application includes a processor 801 which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to programs stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or loaded into a random access memory (RAM) 803 from a storage section 808. The processor 801 can include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor, and / or a related chipset, and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), and so on. The processor 801 can also include an on-board memory for cache use. The processor 801 can include a single processing unit or a plurality of processing units for performing different actions of the method processes according to embodiments of the present application.

[0241] In the RAM 803, various programs and data required for operation of the electronic device are stored. The processor 801, the ROM 802, and the RAM 803 are connected to each other through a bus 804. The processor 801 performs various operations of the method processes according to embodiments of the present application by executing programs in the ROM 802 and / or the RAM 803. Note that the programs can also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 802 and the RAM 803. The processor 801 can also perform various operations of the method processes according to embodiments of the present application by executing programs stored in the one or more memories.

[0242] According to an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device can further include an input / output (I / O) interface 805 also connected to the bus 804. The electronic device can further include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 805: an input part 806 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output part 807 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage part 808 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication part 809 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc. The communication part 809 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 810 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 805 as necessary. A removable medium 811 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc. is mounted on the drive 810 as necessary, so that a computer program read therefrom is installed in the storage part 808 as necessary.

[0243] According to an embodiment of the present application, the method flow according to the embodiment of the present application can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program containing program codes for executing the method shown in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network via the communication part 809, and / or installed from the removable medium 811. When the computer program is executed by the processor 801, the above-described functions defined in the system implementing the embodiment of the present application are performed. According to an embodiment of the present application, the system, device, apparatus, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0244] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or can exist separately without being assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which when executed, implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0245] According to an embodiment of the present application, the computer readable storage medium can be a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. For example, it can include, but is not limited to, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present application, the computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0246] For example, according to an embodiment of the present application, the computer readable storage medium can include one or more memories of ROM 802 and / or RAM 803 described above and / or other than ROM 802 and RAM 803.

[0247] Embodiments of the present application also include a computer program product, which includes a computer program containing program codes for executing the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, and when the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the program codes are used to make the electronic device implement the method for coupling device deployment optimization of seawater single-wire coupling energy transmission system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0248] When the computer program is executed by the processor 801, the above-mentioned functions defined in the system / apparatus of the embodiments of the present application are executed. According to an embodiment of the present application, the system, apparatus, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0249] In one embodiment, the computer program can rely on tangible storage media such as optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc. In another embodiment, the computer program can also be transmitted, distributed, downloaded and installed in the form of signals on network media, and be downloaded and installed through the communication part 809, and / or installed from the detachable medium 811. The program codes contained in the computer program can be transmitted by any appropriate network media, including but not limited to wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0250] According to embodiments of the present application, program code for implementing the computer programs provided by embodiments of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, and can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. The programming language includes, but is not limited to, such languages as Java, C++, python, "C" language, or the like. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be made to an external computing device, such as through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider.

[0251] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable information processing apparatus to cause a series of operations to be performed on the computer or other programmable information processing apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable information processing apparatus implement the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0252] The above-described embodiments of the application are merely descriptive and are not intended to be limiting. Although the various embodiments of the present application have been described above with particular emphasis on the advantages of the present application, it should be understood that various changes in form and detail can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The embodiments described above are merely meant to be illustrative and are not intended to be limiting.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing coupler deployment in a seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system, characterized in that, The coupler deployment optimization method includes: Based on the electromagnetic field propagation boundaries of the first and second conductors, the propagation model of electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer structure is solved to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer structure, wherein the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer structure is composed of the first conductor and the second conductor. Based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system are corrected to obtain the corrected circuit model parameters. Based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor is determined, wherein the target mounting position is configured to place the coupling component in the region of maximum axial magnetic field strength.

2. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propagation model of electromagnetic waves in a single-line coupled energy transfer structure in seawater is solved based on the electromagnetic field propagation boundaries of the first and second conductors, yielding the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the single-line coupled energy transfer structure in seawater, including: Based on the first propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the first conductor and the second propagation characteristics in the second conductor, the first time-harmonic field control equation of the first conductor and the second time-harmonic field control equation of the second conductor are determined respectively, wherein the first propagation characteristics are determined by the dielectric constant and permeability of the insulating layer in the first conductor, and the second propagation characteristics are determined by the dielectric constant, permeability and conductivity of the second conductor. The electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are obtained by coupling the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation using the electromagnetic field propagation boundary.

3. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of coupling the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation using the electromagnetic field propagation boundary to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics includes: At the electromagnetic field propagation boundary, boundary conditions are applied for the continuity of both the tangential component of the electric field intensity and the tangential component of the magnetic field intensity. Based on the boundary conditions, the first time-harmonic field control equation and the second time-harmonic field control equation are coupled and solved to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic wave in the single-line coupled energy transfer structure of the seawater. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field intensity, the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics characterizing energy propagation along the interface are obtained.

4. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit model parameters include inductance parameters. The process of correcting the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics to obtain the corrected circuit model parameters includes: From the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the skin depth of the magnetic field in the second conductor is obtained, wherein the skin depth characterizes the degree of attenuation of the magnetic field in the second conductor; Based on the skin depth, the additional inductance component is determined; The inductance parameters are corrected using the additional inductance component to obtain the inductance correction parameters.

5. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circuit model parameters also include resistance parameters. The step of correcting the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system to obtain the corrected circuit model parameters further includes: From the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, the attenuation constant of the electromagnetic wave in the second conductor is obtained, wherein the attenuation constant characterizes the amount of amplitude attenuation of the electromagnetic wave per unit length during transmission. Based on the attenuation constant, the equivalent resistance component is determined; The resistance parameters are corrected using the equivalent resistance component to obtain the resistance correction parameters.

6. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics includes: Based on the corrected circuit model parameters, the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength is calculated. Based on the magnetic field amplitude attenuation law and phase change law included in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, and in combination with the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength, the magnetic field intensity amplitude distribution function along the axis of the first conductor is determined. The target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor is determined based on the magnetic field strength amplitude distribution function.

7. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the corrected electromagnetic wave operating wavelength based on the corrected circuit model parameters includes: Based on the inductance correction parameter, the resistance correction parameter, and the capacitance parameter, the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave is calculated, wherein the capacitance parameter is determined by the geometric dimensions of the insulating layer of the first conductor and the dielectric constant. Based on the propagation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave, the corrected operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is calculated.

8. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor based on the magnetic field strength amplitude distribution function includes: The magnetic field strength amplitude distribution function is optimized based on a preset cable length range to obtain the axial coordinates where the magnetic field strength is a local maximum. The target mounting position is determined based on the axial coordinate where the magnetic field strength is a local maximum.

9. The coupler deployment optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The skin depth is calculated using the permeability and conductivity of the second conductor.

10. A coupler deployment optimization device for a seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system, characterized in that, The coupler deployment optimization device includes: The solution module is used to solve the propagation model of electromagnetic waves in a single-line coupled energy transfer structure in seawater based on the electromagnetic field propagation boundaries of the first conductor and the second conductor, and to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the single-line coupled energy transfer structure in seawater, wherein the single-line coupled energy transfer structure in seawater is composed of the first conductor and the second conductor. The correction module is used to correct the circuit model parameters of the seawater single-line coupled energy transfer system based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, so as to obtain the corrected circuit model parameters. The determination module is used to determine the target mounting position of the coupling component on the first conductor based on the corrected circuit model parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, wherein the target mounting position is configured to place the coupling component in the region of maximum axial magnetic field strength.

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