Intraspinal anesthesia puncture guiding device and guiding method

Abstract

The invention relates to an intra-spinal anesthesia puncture guiding device and method, and belongs to the technical field of intra-spinal anesthesia puncture guiding instruments. The intraspinal anesthesia puncture guide device comprises a control seat, a leaning pad and a plurality of supporting legs, the leaning pad is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the control seat, and the supporting legs are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the leaning pad; after the device is attached to the lower back of a patient, the two probing arms can generate displacement changes along with fluctuation of spinous processes through the positioning assembly so as to assist in determining the centerline position of a spinal canal, point position marking is conducted on an intervertebral space through the marking component at the centerline position, and a clear puncture reference is formed; the guiding assembly is aligned with the marked position, the device is fixed, the determined midline and intervertebral space positions are kept, then the needle inserting direction of the anesthesia puncture needle is axially limited and guided through the guiding assembly, and the puncture needle enters along a preset path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinal anesthesia puncture guidance devices, and in particular to a spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device and guidance method. Background Technology

[0002] In current spinal anesthesia puncture procedures, the anesthesiologist usually determines the puncture point by palpating the spinous process, judging the midline of the spine and the intervertebral space based on the anatomical landmarks on the body surface, and then inserts the needle by hand.

[0003] During spinal anesthesia puncture, because there is no physical reference that can be continuously preserved and directly used for subsequent punctures after the midline is located, the positioning reference is easily shifted due to factors such as slight adjustment of the patient's body position, deformation of the skin and soft tissue, or change of instruments between the end of positioning and the actual needle insertion. This results in the original confirmed midline position being inconsistent with the actual needle insertion position. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device and method to address the problem that the lack of a physical reference that can be continuously retained and directly used for subsequent punctures after midline positioning leads to inconsistencies between the originally confirmed midline position and the actual needle insertion position.

[0005] A spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device includes a control seat, a backrest pad, and multiple support feet. The backrest pad is fixedly installed at the bottom of the control seat, and the multiple support feet are all fixedly installed at the bottom of the backrest pad. A positioning and guiding mechanism includes a connecting rod positioning assembly and a guiding assembly. The connecting rod is configured as a cross-shaped connecting rod and is rotatably mounted on one side of the control seat. The positioning assembly is located on the outside of the connecting rod, and the guiding assembly is located on one side of the control seat. The positioning assembly includes rotating blocks rotatably mounted on both sides of the connecting rod. Probes are slidably mounted on the surfaces of both rotating blocks, and both probes extend to the bottom of the backrest pad.

[0006] In one embodiment, the positioning component further includes two first movable grooves formed on the surface of the cushion, two probes passing through the two first movable grooves respectively, and a vertical second movable groove formed on the surface of the probe, with a limiting rod passing through the interior of the second movable groove, and the two ends of the limiting rod being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second movable groove.

[0007] In one embodiment, telescopic arms are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting rod, and the two telescopic arms are respectively located on the adjacent sides of the two probe arms.

[0008] In one embodiment, the bottom ends of both probes and support feet are spherical, and the bottom ends of the two probes and two support feet are flush.

[0009] In one embodiment, fixing blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the control base, positioning rods are slidably installed on the surfaces of the two fixing blocks, the bottom ends of the two positioning rods penetrate the abutment pad, suction cups are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two positioning rods, and limit rings are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the two positioning rods, with the limit rings located at the top of the fixing blocks.

[0010] In one embodiment, the positioning rod has a communicating cavity inside that communicates with the suction cup, and the surface of the positioning rod has a one-way exhaust hole that is fixedly connected to the communicating cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, a movable frame is slidably mounted on one side of the control base. One side of the movable frame is replaced with a backing pad and a contact plate is fixedly connected thereto. A rolling rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the contact plate. An opening is provided on the surface of the contact plate. A marking rod is slidably mounted inside the movable frame. The other end of the marking rod extends to the opening of the contact plate. An elastic block is fixedly mounted on the outside of the marking rod. The elastic block is in contact with one side of the movable frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, a connecting ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable frame, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the movable frame, with the two ends of the spring being fixedly connected to the connecting ring and the control seat, respectively.

[0013] In one embodiment, the guiding component includes a guide opening formed on the surface of the control seat and the backrest, and a guide tube is fixedly installed inside the guide opening.

[0014] In one embodiment, a limiting frame is fixedly installed inside the guide tube, a display strip is slidably installed inside the limiting frame, a deformation bladder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the limiting frame, and the interior of the deformation bladder is connected to the interior of the limiting frame. A piston ring is provided between the display strip and the deformation bladder, and the piston ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame. A positioning ring is fixedly installed inside the guide tube, and the other side of the deformation bladder is in contact with the positioning ring. The deformation bladder is configured as a ring shape.

[0015] A method for guiding spinal anesthesia puncture S1. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device is placed against the patient's lumbar and back in a lateral, curled-up position, ensuring the backrest pad at the bottom of the control seat is in contact with the patient's back skin. Multiple support legs form a multi-point contact support structure with the patient's back to accommodate the back's curvature and maintain initial stability. Then, the positioning component assists in locating the midline of the spinal canal. The two probe arms, driven by the rotating block, contact the patient's back. As the device is slowly moved along the spine, the probe arms undergo controlled vertical displacement under the guidance of the first and second movable grooves. The limiting rod restricts lateral displacement, ensuring the probe arms slide only in a predetermined direction. Based on the displacement difference between the two probe arms caused by the undulation of the spinous process, the connecting rod tilts, thereby determining the midline position of the spinal canal.

[0016] S2. After confirming the midline of the spinal canal, continue moving the device along the spine. The movable frame drives the contact plate to maintain continuous contact with the patient's back. The rolling rod rolls on the back surface to reduce frictional resistance. The spring applies continuous elastic preload to the movable frame through the connecting ring, allowing the contact plate to move up and down with the undulation of the spinous processes. When the contact plate moves to the intervertebral space between adjacent spinous processes, its displacement change significantly decreases. The operator presses down the marking rod to mark the position of the intervertebral space through the opening of the contact plate. The elastic block automatically resets the marking rod after the operation is completed. After confirming the intervertebral space, align the guide port of the guide component with the marked position and press down the positioning rod to make the suction cup fit with the patient's back. Air inside the suction cup 329 is discharged through the communicating cavity 3210 and the one-way exhaust hole 3211 inside the positioning rod 328, forming a negative pressure adsorption state, thereby stably fixing the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 to the patient's back, maintaining the midline and intervertebral space positioning results.

[0017] S3. After the device is stabilized and fixed, the anesthesia puncture needle is inserted into the guide tube through the guide port. Under the axial restriction of the guide tube, the needle insertion direction is mechanically guided, allowing the puncture needle to enter in the predetermined direction. When the puncture needle continues to move downward and comes into contact with the annularly set deformation capsule, the deformation capsule deforms under compression. The gas inside the capsule enters the limiting frame through a channel communicating with the inside of the limiting frame, pushing the piston ring to move axially, thereby causing the display strip to be exposed outward, forming a ring-shaped visual prompt. The operator completes the spinal anesthesia puncture operation based on the exposure status of the display strip and tactile feedback.

[0018] Beneficial effects The aforementioned spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device, after being placed against the patient's lower back, uses a positioning component to cause the two probe arms to shift and change position with the rise and fall of the spinous process, thereby assisting in determining the midline position of the spinal canal. A marking component at the midline marks the intervertebral space, forming a clear puncture reference. After positioning, the guidance component is aligned with the marked position and the device is fixed, maintaining the determined midline and intervertebral space positions. Subsequently, the guidance component axially restricts and guides the insertion direction of the anesthesia puncture needle, ensuring the needle enters along the predetermined path. This approach maintains the doctor's tactile judgment while reducing repeated needle adjustments, thereby improving operational stability and success rate. When the puncture needle enters along the guide tube and compresses the annular deformation bladder, the bladder deforms under pressure, and the gas inside enters the limiting frame, pushing the piston ring axially. This, in turn, causes the display strip to emerge outward, forming an annular indication. Because the deformation bladder has an annular structure, uniform compression is generated when the puncture needle enters along the center, making the indication process stable and reliable. After the display strip is exposed, the operator can visually determine that the predetermined guide position has been reached. This structure is purely mechanically pneumatically driven, does not rely on a power source, does not affect manual operation, and the deformation bladder springs back to its original position after the indication is completed, with the display strip automatically retracting, without affecting subsequent puncture procedures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod and rocker arm structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rocker arm and the first movable groove structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rocker arm and the second movable groove structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning rod and suction cup structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movable frame and contact plate structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide port and guide tube structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide tube of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label: 100. Control seat; 200. Backrest cushion; 210. Support foot; 300. Positioning guide mechanism; 310. Connecting rod; 320. Positioning assembly; 321. Rotating block; 322. Probe arm; 323. First movable groove; 324. Second movable groove; 325. Limiting rod; 326. Telescopic arm; 327. Fixing block; 328. Positioning rod; 329. Suction cup; 3210. Connecting cavity; 3211. Single 3212. Exhaust port; 3213. Limiting ring; 3214. Movable frame; 3215. Contact plate; 3216. Connecting ring; 3217. Spring; 3218. Marking rod; 3219. Elastic block; 3210. Rolling rod; 330. Guide assembly; 331. Guide port; 332. Guide tube; 333. Limiting frame; 334. Display strip; 335. Deformation bladder; 336. Piston ring; 337. Positioning ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1-10 This invention describes a spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device and method.

[0028] In one embodiment, a spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device includes a control seat 100, a backrest pad 200, and multiple support feet 210. The backrest pad 200 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the control seat 100, and the multiple support feet 210 are all fixedly installed at the bottom of the backrest pad 200. A positioning guidance mechanism 300 includes a connecting rod 310, a positioning component 320, and a guiding component 330. The connecting rod 310 is configured as a cross-shaped connecting rod 310 and is rotatably installed on one side of the control seat 100. The positioning component 320 is located on the outside of the connecting rod 310, and the guiding component 330 is located on one side of the control seat 100. The positioning component 320 includes rotating blocks 321 rotatably installed on both sides of the connecting rod 310. Probe arms 322 are slidably installed on the surfaces of the two rotating blocks 321, and both probe arms 322 extend to the bottom of the backrest pad 200.

[0029] In this embodiment, the bottom of the control seat 100 is provided with a backrest pad 200 and multiple support feet 210, so that the device can form a stable multi-point support structure when it is in contact with the patient's lower back, in order to adapt to the different back curvatures and body shapes of different patients. The two probe arms 322 provided in the positioning component 320 slide relative to each other under the drive of the rotating block 321 and extend to the bottom of the backrest pad 200. After the device is in contact with the patient's back, the contact state of the probe arms 322 with the patient's back can be changed to assist in finding and judging the position of the midline of the spinal canal, thereby reducing the subjective error caused by relying solely on touch positioning. At the same time, a marking component is provided at the midline position of the control seat 100. The marking component can move up and down according to the undulation of the spinous process, so that the operator can intuitively observe the undulation of the spinal surface. When the marking component moves to the intervertebral space between adjacent spinous processes, the position can be marked to form an inheritable puncture positioning reference. The guide component 330 is then aligned with the marked position, and the abutment pad 200 and control seat 100 are stably fixed by the positioning component 320 to maintain the completed midline positioning and intervertebral space positioning results. On this basis, the guide component 330 restricts and guides the insertion direction of the anesthetic injection needle, so that the anesthetic injection needle can enter in the predetermined direction, thereby reducing the need for repeated needle position adjustments during puncture and improving the stability and success rate of puncture operation. It should be noted that in the existing spinal anesthesia puncture guidance process, the midline of the spinal canal is mainly determined and located by palpating the position of the spinous process and the direction of the spine on the patient's back. After the location is completed, the anesthesia puncture needle is inserted by hand. The location process relies on the operator's experience and tactile feedback. The location component 320 and the guidance component 330 only play an auxiliary role in the pre-puncture location and puncture guidance stages. Their structural design will not affect the normal operation procedure of the existing spinal anesthesia puncture.

[0030] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the positioning component 320 also includes two first movable grooves 323 formed on the surface of the backing pad 200, two probes 322 passing through the two first movable grooves 323 respectively, and a vertical second movable groove 324 formed on the surface of the probes 322. A limiting rod 325 is provided through the interior of the second movable groove 324, and the two ends of the limiting rod 325 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second movable groove 324.

[0031] In this embodiment, by creating two first movable grooves 323 on the surface of the backrest pad 200 and allowing two probe arms 322 to pass through the corresponding first movable grooves 323, the probe arms 322 can move in a controlled vertical direction when the device is against the patient's back in a curled-up position. Simultaneously, a vertical second movable groove 324 is created on the surface of the probe arms 322, and a limiting rod 325 is installed within the second movable groove 324, ensuring that the probe arms 322 can only slide in a predetermined direction in a curled-up position without lateral deviation or swaying. When the patient is in a side-lying curled-up position... With the spine in a flexed position and the intervertebral spaces between the spinous processes relatively open, the probe arm 322, after being placed against the patient's back, can move in different directions according to the undulations of the midline region of the spine. Through the guiding cooperation of the limiting rod 325 and the second movable groove 324, the movement of the probe arm 322 is made more stable, thereby accurately reflecting the midline position and changes in the intervertebral space region. Even if the patient has slight breathing or posture adjustments in the curled-up position, the probe arm 322 can still maintain a stable response under the action of the limiting structure, reducing the occurrence of misjudgments and improving the accuracy of midline and intervertebral space positioning.

[0032] Telescopic arms 326 are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting rod 310, and the two telescopic arms 326 are located on the adjacent side of the two probe arms 322 respectively.

[0033] In this embodiment, the telescopic arm 326 is able to produce corresponding telescopic changes when the probe arm 322 undergoes vertical displacement, thereby achieving flexible linkage between the probe arm 322 and the connecting rod 310 without restricting the normal vertical movement of the probe arm 322, which can avoid rigid restraint or jamming of the connecting rod 310 due to the vertical movement of the probe arm 322. It should be noted that the telescopic boom 326 is a connecting structure with a telescopic stroke. It can adopt a sleeve telescopic structure so that the telescopic boom 326 can produce corresponding telescopic changes when the probe arm 322 moves in the vertical direction, thereby compensating for the relative displacement between the probe arm 322 and the connecting rod 310.

[0034] The bottom ends of the two probe arms 322 and the support feet 210 are all spherical, and the bottom ends of the two probe arms 322 and the two support feet 210 are flush.

[0035] In this embodiment, the spherical head shape at the bottom of the two probes 322 and the support foot 210 is advantageous when the device is placed against the back of a patient in a side-lying, curled-up position. Since the patient's back surface is curved and tilted at different angles, a flat bottom structure could easily lead to edge pressure or localized suspension, affecting the stability of the fit. The spherical head structure, however, resembles a smooth, rounded contact point. Regardless of whether the patient's back is tilted to the left, right, or experiences slight undulations due to breathing, the spherical head can automatically adjust the contact angle to maintain stable contact with the skin surface. Furthermore, the spherical head applies force at a point, preventing large-area pressure and thus dispersing pressure and reducing discomfort. In a side-lying, curled-up position, the curvature of the patient's back changes significantly, and the spherical head structure can naturally roll or finely adjust its position at different contact angles. This prevents the probes 322 or support foot 210 from shifting due to changes in contact angle, improving the overall stability and accuracy of the positioning.

[0036] Fixing blocks 327 are fixedly installed on both sides of the control base 100. Positioning rods 328 are slidably installed on the surface of the two fixing blocks 327. The bottom ends of the two positioning rods 328 pass through the abutment pad 200. Suction cups 329 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two positioning rods 328. Limiting rings 3212 are fixedly installed on the surface of the two positioning rods 328. The limiting rings 3212 are located at the top of the fixing blocks 327.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the patient is in a side-lying, curled-up position, their back surface is approximately vertical. After the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 are placed against the patient's back, they need to maintain a stable position on this vertical curved surface. By setting fixing blocks 327 on both sides of the control seat 100 and slidingly mounting positioning rods 328 on the fixing blocks 327, the positioning rods 328 move downwards, causing the suction cups 329 at their bottom ends to adhere to the patient's back skin surface. During the pressing process, the internal air of the suction cups 329 is expelled, forming a negative pressure suction state, thereby allowing the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 to be stably fixed to the patient's back surface. At the same time, the limiting ring 3212 is located at the top of the fixing blocks 327 to limit the downward stroke of the positioning rods 328, preventing the suction cups 329 from continuing to press excessively after reaching a stable suction state, ensuring that the fixation process is controllable and comfortable.

[0038] The positioning rod 328 has a communicating cavity 3210 inside that communicates with the suction cup 329, and the surface of the positioning rod 328 has a one-way exhaust hole 3211 that is fixedly connected to the communicating cavity 3210.

[0039] In this embodiment, the positioning rod 328 has a communicating cavity 3210 that communicates with the suction cup 329, and the surface of the positioning rod 328 has a one-way vent 3211 that communicates with the communicating cavity 3210. When the positioning rod 328 is pushed down to make the suction cup 329 press against the patient's back, the air inside the suction cup 329 enters the positioning rod 328 through the communicating cavity 3210 and is discharged through the one-way vent 3211, thereby creating a negative pressure adsorption state for the suction cup 329 during the adhesion process. Since the one-way vent 3211 only allows gas to be discharged outward and prevents outside air from flowing back, after pressing, outside air cannot re-enter the suction cup 329, thus maintaining the negative pressure state of the suction cup 329, so that the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 can be continuously and stably fixed on the surface of the patient's back. In a side-lying curled-up position, the structure can complete the adsorption and fixation without the need for an additional air extraction device or external power. The combination of the connecting cavity 3210 and the one-way exhaust port 3211 makes the adsorption process more stable and controllable, avoiding the adsorption effect from excessive instantaneous pressure or too fast release. It should be noted that the suction cup 329 can be made of medical-grade silicone rubber. This type of material has good flexibility, elasticity and biocompatibility, and can form a stable sealing effect when in contact with the human skin surface, while not easily causing skin irritation or discomfort.

[0040] A movable frame 3213 is slidably mounted on one side of the control base 100. One side of the movable frame 3213 is replaced with a backing pad 200 and a contact plate 3214 is fixedly connected. A rolling rod 3219 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the contact plate 3214. An opening is opened on the surface of the contact plate 3214. A marking rod 3217 is slidably mounted inside the movable frame 3213. The other end of the marking rod 3217 extends to the opening of the contact plate 3214. An elastic block 3218 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the marking rod 3217. The elastic block 3218 is in contact with one side of the movable frame 3213.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the device is placed against the lower back and slowly moved along the midline of the spine in a lateral curled-up position, the movable frame 3213 slides with the movement of the control seat 100, thereby causing the contact plate 3214 to continuously adhere to the surface of the patient's back. Since a rolling rod 3219 is rotatably mounted on one side of the contact plate 3214, the rolling rod 3219 can roll along the surface of the patient's back during the movement, thereby reducing frictional resistance and allowing the contact plate 3214 to move up and down more smoothly with the undulation of the spinous processes of the spine. When the contact plate 3214 moves to the intervertebral space between adjacent spinous processes, the contact plate 3214 produces a corresponding displacement change relative to the movable frame 3213. The operator can determine the position of the intervertebral space by observing this undulation and mark the corresponding puncture position by pressing down the marking rod 3217 through the opening on the surface of the contact plate 3214. After marking is completed, the elastic block 3218 resets under its own elasticity, automatically retracting the marking rod 3217 into the movable frame 3213 to avoid affecting subsequent operations. Through the above structural settings, the device can not only achieve auxiliary positioning of the midline of the spinal canal in the lateral curled position, but also continuously detect and mark the position of the intervertebral space during movement. This transforms the traditional process of finding the gap by relying on tactile experience into an observable and markable mechanical response process, improving positioning accuracy and providing a stable reference for the subsequent alignment and puncture operation of the guide component 330.

[0042] A connecting ring 3215 is fixedly installed on the outside of the movable frame 3213, and a spring 3216 is sleeved on the outside of the movable frame 3213. The two ends of the spring 3216 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 3215 and the control seat 100, respectively.

[0043] In this embodiment, the movable frame 3213, guided by the control seat 100, can slide relative to the spinal region in a predetermined direction. Simultaneously, under the elastic action of the spring 3216, it is constantly subjected to outward pushing, causing the movable frame 3213 to continuously press the contact plate 3214 against the patient's back surface. When the device moves along the spine, because the patient's back is in an arc-shaped undulating state in a side-lying curled position, the movable frame 3213 can automatically fine-tune with the back curvature under the elastic pre-compression of the spring 3216, ensuring the contact plate 3214 remains stably in contact and does not become suspended or lose contact due to local depressions or protrusions. The continuous elastic pressure provided by the spring 3216 ensures that the contact plate 3214 maintains reliable contact with the spinal region throughout the movement, facilitating accurate perception of spinous process undulations and completion of intervertebral disc localization.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the guide assembly 330 includes a guide port 331 formed on the surfaces of the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200, and a guide tube 332 is fixedly installed inside the guide port 331.

[0045] In this embodiment, after the midline of the spinal canal is located and the control seat 100 and the backing pad 200 are fixed by the suction cup 329, the guide port 331 maintains a relatively stable correspondence with the midline of the spinal canal. At this time, the anesthetic injection needle is guided by the guide tube 332, which can provide auxiliary restriction on the direction of needle insertion without affecting the hand-held needle insertion and tactile judgment, making it easier for the anesthetic injection needle to enter along the predetermined path.

[0046] A limiting frame 333 is fixedly installed inside the guide tube 332. A display strip 334 is slidably installed inside the limiting frame 333. A deformation bladder 335 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the limiting frame 333, and the interior of the deformation bladder 335 is connected to the interior of the limiting frame 333. A piston ring 336 is provided between the display strip 334 and the deformation bladder 335. The piston ring 336 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame 333. A positioning ring 337 is fixedly installed inside the guide tube 332. The other side of the deformation bladder 335 is in contact with the positioning ring 337. The deformation bladder 335 is set in a ring shape.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the anesthesia puncture needle enters along the guide tube 332 and comes into contact with the annularly arranged deformation bladder 335, the deformation bladder 335 deforms under compression. The gas inside the bladder enters the limiting frame 333 through a channel communicating with the inside of the limiting frame 333, thereby pushing the piston ring 336, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame 333, to move axially. During this movement, the piston ring 336 drives the display strip 334 to slide outward, exposing it from inside the limiting frame 333 into the visible area of ​​the guide tube 332, forming an annular display prompt. Because the deformation bladder 335 is annular and contacts the positioning ring 337, when the puncture needle enters along the central axis, it can uniformly compress the deformation bladder 335, making the gas drive more stable and avoiding uneven prompts caused by localized force. This structure allows the operator to visually observe the annular indicator signal when the display band 334 is exposed, thus determining that the puncture needle has entered the predetermined guide position. In a lateral, curled-up position, where the operator's line of sight may be obstructed, the way the annular indicator band 334 is exposed from inside the guide tube 332 allows it to be observed from multiple angles, without being limited by a single-sided viewpoint, thereby improving the visibility and reliability of the indicator. Furthermore, this indicator structure is purely mechanically pneumatically driven, without relying on electronic components or an external power source, and does not affect the normal advancement of the puncture needle or the operator's tactile judgment. After the indicator is displayed, the deformation bladder 335 can reset itself through its own elastic recovery, and the display band 334 retracts accordingly, avoiding any impact on subsequent operations.

[0048] A method for guiding spinal anesthesia puncture S1. The spinal anesthesia puncture guiding device is placed against the patient's lumbar and back in a lateral, curled-up position, ensuring that the backrest pad 200 at the bottom of the control seat 100 is in contact with the patient's back skin. Multiple support feet 210 form a multi-point contact support structure with the patient's back to adapt to the curvature of the back and maintain initial stability. Subsequently, the positioning component 320 assists in locating the midline of the spinal canal. The two probe arms 322, driven by the rotating block 321, come into contact with the patient's back. As the device is slowly moved along the spine, the probe arms 322 generate controlled vertical displacement under the guidance of the first movable groove 323 and the second movable groove 324. The limiting rod 325 restricts its lateral displacement, ensuring that the probe arms 322 slide only in a predetermined direction. Based on the displacement difference between the two probe arms 322 caused by the undulation of the spinous process, the connecting rod 310 is driven to produce a tilting response, thereby determining the position of the midline of the spinal canal.

[0049] S2. After confirming the midline of the spinal canal, continue moving the device along the direction of the spine. The movable frame 3213 drives the contact plate 3214 to continuously adhere to the patient's back. The rolling rod 3219 rolls on the back surface to reduce frictional resistance. The spring 3216 applies continuous elastic pre-pressure to the movable frame 3213 through the connecting ring 3215, so that the contact plate 3214 can move up and down with the undulation of the spinous processes. When the contact plate 3214 moves to the intervertebral space area between adjacent spinous processes, its displacement change is significantly reduced. The operator presses down the marking rod 3217 to mark the position of the intervertebral space through the opening of the contact plate 3214. The elastic block 3218 automatically resets the marking rod 3217 after the operation is completed. After confirming the intervertebral space, the guide port 331 of the guide component 330 is aligned with the marked position. The positioning rod 328 is pressed down to make the suction cup 329 adhere to the patient's back. Air inside the suction cup 329 is discharged through the connecting cavity 3210 and one-way exhaust hole 3211 inside the positioning rod 328, forming a negative pressure adsorption state, thereby stably fixing the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 to the patient's back, maintaining the midline and intervertebral space positioning results.

[0050] S3. After the device is stably fixed, the anesthesia puncture needle is inserted into the guide tube 332 through the guide port 331. Under the axial restriction of the guide tube 332, the needle insertion direction is mechanically guided, allowing the puncture needle to enter in the predetermined direction. When the puncture needle continues to move downward and comes into contact with the annularly arranged deformation capsule 335, the deformation capsule 335 deforms under compression. The gas inside the capsule enters the limiting frame 333 through the channel communicating with the inside of the limiting frame 333, pushing the piston ring 336 to move axially, thereby causing the display strip 334 to be exposed outward, forming an annular visual prompt. The operator completes the spinal anesthesia puncture operation based on the exposure status of the display strip 334 and tactile feedback.

[0051] Working Principle: During spinal anesthesia, the patient assumes a lateral decubitus position with the spine flexed and the interspinous spaces relatively open. The operator first places the control seat 100 along with the backrest pad 200 against the patient's lumbar spine region, ensuring multiple support legs 210 provide multi-point contact support. This creates an initial stable fit on the patient's back. Subsequently, the positioning component 320 assists in locating the midline of the spinal canal. Two probe arms 322, driven by the rotating block 321, contact the patient's back. As the device moves slightly along the spine, the probe arms 322 experience different vertical displacements due to the undulations of the spinous processes. Guided by the limiting rod 325, the probe arms 322 slide stably only in a predetermined direction, accurately reflecting the force changes in the midline region. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 310 generates a corresponding tilt response, allowing the operator to visually determine whether the device is located at the midline of the spinal canal. After confirming the midline, the operator slowly moves the control seat 100 along the spine, causing the movable frame 3213 to drive the contact plate 3214 to maintain continuous contact with the patient's back. The rolling rod 3219 rolls on the back surface, reducing frictional resistance, and the spring 3216 provides continuous elastic preload, allowing the contact plate 3214 to automatically fine-tune with the rise and fall of the spinous process. When the needle moves to the intervertebral space between adjacent spinous processes, the contact plate 3214 undergoes a significant displacement. The operator can mark the position of this intervertebral space by pressing down the marking rod 3217, forming a puncture positioning reference. After completing the intervertebral space positioning, the guide port 331 is aligned with the marked position, and then the positioning rod 328 is pressed down, causing the suction cup 329 to adhere to the patient's back and form a negative pressure adsorption state. Stable adsorption is established through the connecting cavity 3210 and the one-way exhaust hole 3211, so that the control seat 100 and the backrest pad 200 are reliably fixed on the lateral vertical back surface, maintaining the completed midline and intervertebral space positioning results. After fixation, the anesthesia puncture needle is inserted into the guide tube 332 through the guide port 331. Under the axial restriction of the guide tube 332, the needle insertion direction is guided. During the downward movement of the puncture needle, it comes into contact with the deformation bladder 335, squeezing the gas inside the deformation bladder 335. The gas pushes the piston ring 336 to move, causing the display strip 334 to be exposed from the limiting frame 333, forming a ring-shaped prompt. The operator completes the puncture procedure by combining visual cues and tactile feedback. After the puncture is completed, the deformable sac 335 is reset under elastic action, and the display band 334 is retrieved.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device, comprising a control seat (100), a backrest pad (200), and a plurality of support feet (210), characterized in that, The backrest cushion (200) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the control base (100), and the plurality of the support feet (210) are fixedly installed on the bottom of the backrest cushion (200); A positioning guide mechanism (300) includes a connecting rod (310), a positioning component (320), and a guide component (330). The connecting rod (310) is configured as a cross-shaped connecting rod (310) and is rotatably mounted on one side of the control seat (100). The positioning component (320) is located on the outside of the connecting rod (310), and the guide component (330) is located on one side of the control seat (100). The positioning component (320) includes rotating blocks (321) rotatably mounted on both sides of the connecting rod (310), and probes (322) are slidably mounted on the surfaces of the two rotating blocks (321), and the two probes (322) extend to the bottom of the pad (200).

2. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (320) also includes two first movable grooves (323) formed on the surface of the backrest (200), and two probes (322) respectively pass through the two first movable grooves (323). The surface of the probes (322) is provided with a vertical second movable groove (324). A limiting rod (325) is provided through the interior of the second movable groove (324), and the two ends of the limiting rod (325) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second movable groove (324).

3. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Telescopic arms (326) are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting rod (310), and the two telescopic arms (326) are respectively located on the adjacent side of the two probes (322).

4. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom ends of the two probes (322) and the support feet (210) are all spherical, and the bottom ends of the two probes (322) and the two support feet (210) are flush.

5. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Fixing blocks (327) are fixedly installed on both sides of the control base (100). Positioning rods (328) are slidably installed on the surfaces of the two fixing blocks (327). The bottom ends of the two positioning rods (328) pass through the pad (200). Suction cups (329) are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two positioning rods (328). Limiting rings (3212) are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the two positioning rods (328). The limiting rings (3212) are located at the top of the fixing blocks (327).

6. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning rod (328) has a communicating cavity (3210) that communicates with the suction cup (329) inside, and a one-way exhaust hole (3211) that is fixedly connected to the communicating cavity (3210) is provided on the surface of the positioning rod (328).

7. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A movable frame (3213) is slidably mounted on one side of the control base (100). One side of the movable frame (3213) is replaced with a backing pad (200) and a contact plate (3214) is fixedly connected. A rolling rod (3219) is rotatably mounted on the other side of the contact plate (3214). An opening is provided on the surface of the contact plate (3214). A marking rod (3217) is slidably mounted inside the movable frame (3213). The other end of the marking rod (3217) extends to the opening of the contact plate (3214). An elastic block (3218) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the marking rod (3217). The elastic block (3218) is in contact with one side of the movable frame (3213).

8. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A connecting ring (3215) is fixedly installed on the outside of the movable frame (3213), and a spring (3216) is sleeved on the outside of the movable frame (3213). The two ends of the spring (3216) are fixedly connected to the connecting ring (3215) and the control seat (100) respectively.

9. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide assembly (330) includes a guide opening (331) on the surface of the control seat (100) and the backrest (200), and a guide tube (332) is fixedly installed inside the guide opening (331).

10. The spinal anesthesia puncture guidance device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A limiting frame (333) is fixedly installed inside the guide tube (332). A display strip (334) is slidably installed inside the limiting frame (333). A deformation bladder (335) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the limiting frame (333), and the interior of the deformation bladder (335) is connected to the interior of the limiting frame (333). A piston ring (336) is provided between the display strip (334) and the deformation bladder (335). The piston ring (336) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame (333). A positioning ring (337) is fixedly installed inside the guide tube (332). The other side of the deformation bladder (335) is in contact with the positioning ring (337). The deformation bladder (335) is set in a ring shape.

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