Cerebrospinal fluid shunting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrocephalus operation equipment, and particularly relates to a cerebrospinal fluid shunting device. According to the flow dividing device, the biocompatible coating is arranged on the expansion support, and the biocompatible coating has the water absorption expansion characteristic, so that the weight of the coating after water absorption is increased, and under the limiting effect of the gravity of the biocompatible coating after water absorption, the expansion support is prevented from further expanding; the water-absorbing biocompatible coating enables the expansion stent to be clung to the blood vessel wall at the brain pool as much as possible, so that the volume of the expanded expansion stent is reduced, the expansion of the expansion stent and the water-absorbing weight of the biocompatible coating are relatively balanced, the volume of the subarachnoid space where the expansion stent is located cannot be excessively increased, and the expansion stent is more stable in expansion. Therefore, the risk of injury to a central nervous system caused by surgical operation and a shunting device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of hydrocephalus surgical equipment, specifically relating to a cerebrospinal fluid diversion device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus are divided into non-surgical treatment and craniotomy. Non-surgical treatment is suitable for mild or early-stage patients and involves the use of diuretics / dehydrating agents (such as acetazolamide, mannitol, etc.) or repeated lumbar punctures / anterior fontanelle drainage. Craniotomy is the first-line treatment for most progressive hydrocephalus, and the current mainstream approach is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt surgery, which establishes a CSF drainage pathway by implanting a shunt. The shunt connects the cerebellopontine cisterns and the internal jugular vein, allowing CSF to flow from the cerebellopontine cisterns into the internal jugular vein through this channel, balancing pressure and preventing backflow.

[0003] In existing shunts, an expansion structure is often provided at the distal end of the shunt. When this expansion structure expands in the subarachnoid space, its volume increases. Excessive expansion of the expansion structure increases the volume of the subarachnoid space, increasing the risk of damage to the central nervous system caused by surgical procedures and products.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cerebrospinal fluid diversion device to at least solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A cerebrospinal fluid shunt device, the shunt device comprising: The shunt tube penetrates the dura mater, with its distal end located within the cisterns and its proximal end located within the internal jugular vein. The shunt tube is used to introduce cerebrospinal fluid from the cisterns into the internal jugular vein. A one-way valve is disposed in the diverter pipe, which only allows the diverter pipe to be open from the distal end to the proximal end; An expandable stent is disposed at the distal end of the shunt tube and expands upon release to secure the distal end of the shunt tube in the cerebral cisterns. The expansion stent is coated with a biocompatible fluorine coating.

[0007] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the biocompatible coating is a synthetic hydrogel, and the biocompatible coating absorbs water to allow the expandable stent to adhere tightly to the blood vessel wall.

[0008] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the expandable stent is made of shape memory alloy.

[0009] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the expandable stent includes an outer stent and an inner stent, the inner stent being located within the cisterns and the outer stent being located within the internal jugular vein; both the inner and outer stents include multiple rods.

[0010] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, a first imaging mark is provided on the diversion tube corresponding to the position of the external support.

[0011] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the outer support is provided with a plurality of second imaging markers.

[0012] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, a third imaging marker is provided at the proximal end of the diversion tube.

[0013] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the one-way valve is a duckbill valve, and the one-way valve is located inside the diversion tube.

[0014] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, the duckbill valve is provided with reinforcing ribs on both sides.

[0015] In the cerebrospinal fluid diversion device described above, preferably, both the inner and outer surfaces of the diversion tube are provided with an anticoagulant coating.

[0016] Beneficial effects: In this shunt device, a biocompatible coating is applied to the expandable stent. Due to the water-absorbing and swelling properties of the biocompatible coating, the weight of the coating increases after absorbing water. Under the restraining effect of the gravity of the biocompatible coating after water absorption, the expandable stent is prevented from expanding further. Moreover, the biocompatible coating after water absorption allows the expandable stent to adhere as closely as possible to the blood vessel wall at the cisterns, thereby reducing the volume of the expandable stent after deployment. This achieves a relative balance between the expansion of the expandable stent and the increase in weight of the biocompatible coating after water absorption, preventing the volume of the subarachnoid space where the expandable stent is located from increasing excessively. This reduces the risk of damage to the central nervous system from surgical procedures and the shunt device.

[0017] Because of the significant pressure difference between the cisterns and the internal jugular vein, a one-way valve is installed to ensure that only cerebrospinal fluid can pass through the shunt tube, and the flow direction is from the ventricles to the inferior petrosal sinus.

[0018] The one-way valve is a built-in single-top duckbill valve. When the duckbill valve flows forward under pressure, the duckbill will open slightly, and the cerebrospinal fluid will flow along the shunt to the inferior petrosal sinus to achieve pressure balance. When there is blood flowing backward, it will squeeze the duckbill to close it tightly, thereby preventing backflow and ensuring that venous blood does not flow backward.

[0019] The one-way valve is positioned inside the shunt tube to minimize contact between blood and the valve, thus reducing the probability of blockage. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a diversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a one-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion device after release according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Diverter tube; 2. Check valve; 3. Inner support; 4. Outer support; 5. First developing mark; 6. Second developing mark; 7. Third developing mark. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0025] According to specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a cerebrospinal fluid diversion device, the diversion device comprising: Shunt 1 penetrates the dura mater, with its distal end located within the cisterns and its proximal end located within the internal jugular vein. Shunt 1 is used to introduce cerebrospinal fluid from the cisterns into the internal jugular vein.

[0026] One-way valve 2 is installed in the diversion pipe 1, which only allows the diversion pipe 1 to be open from the far end to the near end.

[0027] An expandable stent is located at the distal end of the shunt tube 1. The expandable stent expands after release to fix the distal end of the shunt tube 1 in the cerebral cisterns.

[0028] The expansion support is coated with a fluorine-based biocompatible coating, which has water-absorbing and swelling properties.

[0029] In this shunt device, a biocompatible coating is applied to the expandable stent. Due to the water-absorbing and swelling properties of the biocompatible coating, the weight of the coating increases after absorbing water. Under the restraining effect of the gravity of the biocompatible coating after water absorption, the expandable stent is prevented from expanding further. Moreover, the biocompatible coating after water absorption allows the expandable stent to adhere as closely as possible to the blood vessel wall at the cisterns, thereby reducing the volume of the expandable stent after deployment. This achieves a relative balance between the expansion of the expandable stent and the increase in weight of the biocompatible coating after water absorption, preventing the volume of the subarachnoid space where the expandable stent is located from increasing excessively. This reduces the risk of damage to the central nervous system from surgical procedures and the shunt device.

[0030] The biocompatible coating is a synthetic hydrogel. The biocompatible coating absorbs water to allow the expandable stent to adhere tightly to the blood vessel wall.

[0031] In this embodiment, the biocompatible coating uses hyaluronic acid, alginate, chitosan, cellulose, collagen, gelatin, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyN-isopropylacrylamide, and their derivatives. In this embodiment, the biocompatible coating uses a synthetic hydrogel.

[0032] Because the biocompatible coating has water absorption and swelling properties, it expands after absorbing water. On the one hand, this increases the weight of the biocompatible coating after water absorption. The weight of the biocompatible coating after water absorption and the rebound force of the expandable stent reach mechanical balance, thereby preventing the expandable stent from expanding further and becoming too large. On the other hand, the biocompatible coating after water absorption allows the expandable stent to adhere as closely as possible to the blood vessel wall at the cerebral cisterns, thereby reducing the volume of the expandable stent after deployment and preventing the volume of the subarachnoid space where the expandable stent is located from increasing excessively.

[0033] The expandable stent is made of shape memory alloy. In this embodiment, the expandable stent is made of shape memory alloy, such as nickel-titanium alloy, copper-based alloy Cu-Zn-Al, Cu-Al-Ni, iron-based alloy Fe-Mn-Si, Fe-Ni-Co-Ti, Ti-Pd-Ni, Ti-Ta, Au-Cd, Cu-Au-Zn, and Ni-Ti-Pd, Ni-Ti-Pt, etc.; this allows the expandable stent to expand after deployment, enabling it to be better anchored in the subarachnoid space.

[0034] The expandable stent includes an external stent 4 and an internal stent 3. The internal stent 3 is located in the cisterns, and the external stent 4 is located in the internal jugular vein. Both the internal stent 3 and the external stent 4 include multiple rods.

[0035] In this embodiment, the deployed inner stent 3 establishes an anchor point in the cerebral cisterns at the subarachnoid space, and the deployed outer stent 4 is located in the internal jugular vein. It is used to place the shunt tube 1 to detect displacement. Through the combined action of the outer stent 4 and the inner stent 3, the shunt device is stably anchored on the dura mater, thereby forming a stable shunt channel between the cerebral cisterns and the internal jugular vein.

[0036] A first contrast marker 5 is provided on the shunt tube 1 at the position corresponding to the external stent 4. In this embodiment, the first contrast marker 5 is provided on the shunt tube 1 at the position corresponding to the external stent 4, which makes it easier to accurately release the internal stent 3, so that the released internal stent 3 is located in the internal jugular vein.

[0037] The external stent 4 is provided with multiple second imaging markers 6. In this embodiment, when the shunt device is delivered through the delivery catheter, when the first imaging marker 5 on the shunt device separates from the imaging marker on the delivery catheter, the internal stent 3 begins to release and unfold, at which time the external stent 4 is located in the cerebral cisterns; when the delivery catheter continues to retract, the second imaging markers 6 expand and open, so that the external stent 4 is in the internal jugular vein, and the shunt device is firmly fixed on the dura mater to prevent displacement of the shunt device.

[0038] A third developing mark 7 is provided at the proximal end of the shunt tube 1. In this embodiment, all developing marks are made of tantalum, platinum, gold, tungsten, or their alloys.

[0039] Check valve 2 is a duckbill valve, and check valve 2 is located inside the diversion pipe 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, due to the large pressure difference between the cisterns and the internal jugular vein, a one-way valve 2 is provided to ensure that only cerebrospinal fluid can pass through the shunt tube 1, and the flow direction is from the ventricles to the inferior petrosal sinus.

[0041] One-way valve 2 is a built-in single-top duckbill valve. When the duckbill valve flows forward under pressure, the duckbill will open slightly, and the cerebrospinal fluid will flow along the shunt tube 1 to the inferior petrosal sinus to achieve pressure balance. When there is blood flowing backward, it will squeeze the duckbill to make it close tightly, thereby preventing backflow and ensuring that venous blood does not flow backward.

[0042] The one-way valve 2 is positioned inside the shunt tube 1 to minimize contact between blood and the one-way valve 2, thereby reducing the probability of blockage.

[0043] The duckbill valve has reinforcing ribs on both sides. In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs are provided on both sides of the duckbill valve to give the duckbill valve better structural strength, so as to prevent blood from entering the duckbill valve and causing endothelial cells to climb and cause the one-way valve 2 to fail or become blocked.

[0044] The inner and outer surfaces of the shunt tube 1 are both coated with an anticoagulant coating. In this embodiment, the inner and outer surfaces of the shunt tube 1 are coated with an anticoagulant coating to prevent thrombus from accumulating at the location of the shunt tube 1, ensuring that the shunt tube 1 can always perform its shunt function efficiently, while reducing the probability of the shunt tube 1 becoming blocked or failing.

[0045] It is understood that the above description is merely exemplary and the embodiments of this application do not limit the scope of the application.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cerebrospinal fluid diversion device, characterized in that, The diversion device includes: The shunt tube penetrates the dura mater, with its distal end located within the cisterns and its proximal end located within the internal jugular vein. The shunt tube is used to introduce cerebrospinal fluid from the cisterns into the internal jugular vein. A one-way valve is disposed in the diverter pipe, which only allows the diverter pipe to be open from the distal end to the proximal end; An expandable stent is disposed at the distal end of the shunt tube and expands upon release to secure the distal end of the shunt tube in the cerebral cisterns. The expansion support is coated with a fluorine-based biocompatible coating, which has water-absorbing and swelling properties.

2. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biocompatible coating is a synthetic hydrogel.

3. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The expansion bracket is made of shape memory alloy.

4. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The expandable stent includes an outer stent and an inner stent, with the inner stent located in the cisterns and the outer stent located in the internal jugular vein; both the inner and outer stents include multiple rods.

5. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first development mark is provided on the shunt tube corresponding to the position of the external support.

6. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer support is provided with multiple second development marks.

7. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A third imaging marker is provided at the proximal end of the shunt tube.

8. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way valve is a duckbill valve, and the one-way valve is located inside the diversion pipe.

9. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The duckbill valve is provided with reinforcing ribs on both sides.

10. The cerebrospinal fluid diversion device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner and outer surfaces of the diversion pipe are both coated with an anti-condensation coating.

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