Intelligent sprinkling irrigation forest fireproof isolation belt device

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent sprinkling irrigation forest fireproof isolation belt device which comprises an isolation slope, a water storage tank, a hydraulic spraying leaf removing device and a control element. The isolation slope extends in the horizontal direction and forms a strip-shaped structure. A rainwater collecting groove is formed in the lower end side of the isolation slope; the water storage tank has a water storage cavity; the water storage cavity communicates with the rainwater collecting tank; the hydraulic spraying leaf removing device comprises a water pumping pipe, a water pump and a plurality of nozzles, the water inlet end of the water pumping pipe communicates with the water storage cavity, the water pump is connected with the water pumping pipe, and the nozzles communicate with the water storage cavity; the control element is electrically connected with a camera and / or an illuminance sensor mounted on an isolated slope; the control element is electrically connected with the water pump. The isolation slope has the dual functions of actively inhibiting combustible accumulation and efficiently collecting and utilizing natural rainfall, and a stable water source is provided for continuously implementing sprinkling irrigation humidification. Combustible materials such as dry branches and fallen leaves deposited on the slope surface can be effectively washed away through directional water flow, water obtained after washing finally flows back to the water storage cavity, and closed-loop utilization of water resources is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest fire prevention technology, and in particular to an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system for forest firebreaks. Background Technology

[0002] Forest firebreaks are pre-built barriers constructed artificially in key areas of forests to prevent the spread of fire. They are usually composed of cleared vegetation zones or combined with flame-retardant materials, and are designed to separate large areas of combustibles, providing physical barriers and tactical space for fire prevention and control.

[0003] However, existing forest firebreaks are essentially static and passive defense structures. Their core function is to physically block the spread of fire after it breaks out, lacking the ability to actively intervene in and mitigate the risk from upstream fire sources. In practical applications, the fire-resistant effectiveness of such firebreaks highly depends on continuous manual clearing and maintenance. If combustible materials (such as fallen leaves and weeds) in the interior and edge areas are not removed in time and accumulate and dry under drought conditions, their fire-blocking capacity will decrease, and in extreme cases, there is even a risk of failure, making it difficult to ensure the expected reliability of the firebreak. Therefore, passive firebreaks have uncertain fire-resistant effectiveness and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device that can actively prevent fires.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A smart sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device includes: A buffer slope extends horizontally and forms a strip structure, with its high-end side and low-end side spaced apart along the downhill direction; the low-end side of the buffer slope has a rainwater collection trough. A water storage tank having a water storage cavity located below the rainwater collection trough; the water storage cavity is connected to the rainwater collection trough. A water-spraying leaf removal device includes a water pump, a water inlet pipe, and multiple nozzles. The water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water storage chamber. The water pump is connected to the water pump. The multiple nozzles are distributed at intervals along the horizontal extension direction of the isolation slope. The spray direction of the nozzles is towards the lower end of the isolation slope. All of the multiple nozzles are connected to the water storage chamber. The control element is electrically connected to a camera facing the isolation slope and / or a light intensity sensor installed on the isolation slope; the control element is also electrically connected to the water pump.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydraulic spray defoliator also includes multiple splash plates, each of which is connected to the isolation slope via a connecting rod. Each splash plate is spaced over one of the nozzles and is used to divert the water jet from the nozzles to the periphery of the splash plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the tensile strength of the connecting rod is less than the maximum spray force of the nozzle.

[0008] Furthermore, the water storage tank is also provided with a municipal water pipe interface, which is connected to the water storage cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the municipal water pipe interface is located at the top of the water storage chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the water storage tank is equipped with a water level sensor, which is located inside the water storage cavity and electrically connected to the control element.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the rainwater collection trough is covered with a grating plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the rainwater collection trough, and the density of the mesh of the filter screen is greater than the density of the mesh of the grating plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the isolation slope has two low slope sides, and the high slope side of the isolation slope is located between the two low slope sides of the isolation slope.

[0014] Furthermore, the intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device also includes a solar panel, which is connected to a solar battery. The solar battery is electrically connected to the control element and the water pump, and the solar battery is electrically connected to the camera and / or the light intensity sensor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Based on a horizontally extending, strip-shaped isolation slope, the high-end and low-end sides of the isolation slope are spaced apart along the downhill direction; the low-end side of the isolation slope has a rainwater collection trough. The sloping isolation slope actively suppresses the accumulation of combustibles by utilizing gravity. Its slope acts as a guide, efficiently guiding and collecting natural precipitation falling on the isolation slope to the rainwater collection trough on the low-end side, providing a stable water source for continuous sprinkler irrigation. When a fire occurs, the isolation slope with its high-end side effectively blocks the spread of radiant heat and direct flames, making it difficult for a fire on one side to cross the slope and directly ignite combustibles on the other side, forming a basic thermal barrier. Simultaneously, its sloping shape and continuous structure can disturb near-surface airflow when natural winds blow, generating local turbulence, thereby further dispersing dry fallen leaves that may accumulate on the slope or edges, reducing the continuous combustible load for fire spread.

[0016] 2. The water storage tank has a water storage cavity located below the rainwater collection trough; the water storage cavity is connected to the rainwater collection trough; the hydraulic spray defoliation device includes a pumping pipe, a pump, and multiple nozzles. The inlet end of the pumping pipe is connected to the water storage cavity, the pump is connected to the pumping pipe, and the multiple nozzles are spaced apart along the horizontal extension direction of the isolation slope. The spray direction of the nozzles is towards the lower end of the isolation slope, and all the nozzles are connected to the water storage cavity. The directional water flow effectively washes away combustible materials such as dead leaves and branches deposited on the slope. The washed water, guided by the slope's incline, can flow back into the rainwater collection trough on the lower end and eventually return to the water storage cavity, achieving closed-loop utilization of water resources.

[0017] 3. The system is electrically connected to a camera facing the isolation slope and / or a light intensity sensor installed on the isolation slope, based on a control element; the control element is also electrically connected to the water pump. Through a water-saving cycle of "collection-storage-utilization-recollection" and automatic judgment and start / stop based on camera vision and light intensity sensor data, the reliance on manual maintenance and external water replenishment is significantly reduced, improving economy and reliability. Simultaneously, the system can be activated immediately when the camera detects a fire, forming a large-area, high-intensity sprinkler belt to quickly achieve localized cooling and humidification to inhibit fire spread, while also providing valuable emergency escape space for firefighters, achieving a leap from passive isolation to active protection and safety assurance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The sectional view shown.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Isolation slope; 2. Rainwater collection trough; 3. Water storage tank; 4. Pumping pipe; 5. Pump; 6. Sprinkler head; 7. Camera; 8. Illuminance sensor; 9. Splash plate; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Municipal water pipe interface; 12. Grating plate; 13. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] See Figures 1-2 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device, comprising: a firebreak slope 1, a water storage tank 3, a hydraulic spraying and leaf removal device, and control elements.

[0024] The isolation slope 1 extends horizontally and forms a strip structure. The high-end and low-end sides of the isolation slope 1 are spaced apart along the downhill direction. The low-end side of the isolation slope 1 has a rainwater collection trough 2. The isolation slope 1 utilizes gravity to naturally guide water flow within the area. The rainwater collection trough 2 extends along the length of the isolation slope 1 and is used to systematically collect natural precipitation from the high-end slope and surrounding areas. Through this active modification and utilization, the device achieves in-situ capture and storage of water resources, providing a basic water source for subsequent hydraulic spraying and leaf removal. The sloping shape of the isolation slope 1 itself effectively prevents the stable accumulation of combustible materials such as dead branches and leaves, making it difficult for them to remain on the slope in large quantities. Simultaneously, when natural wind blows laterally across the continuous slope of the isolation slope 1, the slope shape changes the near-surface airflow structure, generating local airflow disturbances, further dispersing any potentially settled light combustible materials, thus synergizing with the slope's anti-accumulation mechanism. This system achieves efficient in-situ capture and storage of water resources, while simultaneously proactively reducing the accumulation of combustibles in critical areas through physical design. It not only maintains soil moisture in the firebreak through the collection of rainwater, inhibiting the growth of combustible vegetation and reducing the moisture content of combustibles when no external water supply is available, but also reduces the amount of combustibles on the firebreak itself at the source. Before a fire occurs, through continuous moisture management and physical interception mechanisms, it proactively and significantly weakens the foundation and conditions for fire source spread, thereby greatly enhancing the self-sustaining capacity of the firebreak, reducing maintenance requirements, and fundamentally strengthening the long-term reliability and stability of its fire-resistant performance.

[0025] The water storage tank 3 has a water storage cavity located below the rainwater collection trough 2. The water storage cavity is connected to the rainwater collection trough 2 and is maintained in communication with it via a pipe or guide structure, allowing rainwater collected in the collection trough to flow into the water storage tank 3 by gravity. This design, placing the water storage cavity below and directly connected to the collection trough, fully utilizes the terrain elevation difference, achieving efficient rainwater collection and concealed storage. It can safely and stably store collected natural precipitation in underground or semi-underground spaces, reducing surface evaporation losses, protecting water resources, and providing a sufficient and readily available water source for subsequent intelligent sprinkler irrigation. Combined with the sloping barrier and guide design of the isolation slope 1, this water storage system constitutes a complete water collection and storage unit, significantly enhancing the device's self-sufficiency in water supply under drought conditions. This enables the subsequent water spraying and leaf removal device to actively clean the fallen leaves on the isolation slope 1 by spraying water through the nozzles 6, continuously suppressing the accumulation of combustibles. Thus, on the basis of physical barrier, a continuous water flame-retardant effect is superimposed, fundamentally improving the active fire protection efficiency and environmental adaptability of the firebreak.

[0026] The hydraulic spray defoliator includes a water intake pipe 4, a water pump 5, and multiple nozzles 6. The inlet end of the water intake pipe 4 is connected to the water storage chamber, and the water pump 5 is connected to the water intake pipe 4. The multiple nozzles 6 are distributed at intervals along the horizontal extension direction of the isolation slope 1, and the spray direction of the nozzles 6 is towards the lower end of the isolation slope 1. All the nozzles 6 are connected to the water storage chamber. The hydraulic spray defoliator directly uses the rainwater stored in the water storage chamber as the operating water source. When the system is started, the water pump 5 pumps water out and delivers it to each nozzle 6 through the water intake pipe 4, forming a directional spray of water to wash the slope surface. Its core effect is to achieve closed-loop efficient utilization of water resources and multi-functional active protection. On the one hand, the directional water flow effectively washes away combustibles such as dead branches and fallen leaves deposited on the slope. The flushed water, guided by the slope of the isolation slope 1, can flow back into the rainwater collection trough 2 on the lower side and eventually return to the water storage chamber, thus forming a complete water cycle of collection-storage-utilization-recollection. This achieves continuous dynamic removal of combustibles and slope wetting with minimal water consumption, greatly improving the system's self-sustaining capacity and water-saving efficiency. On the other hand, when a forest fire occurs, the sprinkler head 6 can be activated immediately to form a large-scale spray covering the isolation zone. This not only effectively reduces the air temperature and increases humidity near the isolation zone to inhibit the spread of fire, but also provides a cooling and sheltered space for forest firefighters working on the front lines, significantly enhancing their active safety protection capabilities during fire fighting and reducing the life-threatening risks posed by uncontrolled fires. In summary, this system integrates routine combustible material management, environmental humidification, and active cooling and flame retardancy during fire emergencies, as well as personnel protection functions, transforming firebreaks from passive physical barriers into intelligent fire prevention infrastructure with multiple functions such as actively eliminating fire hazards, intervening in fire emergencies, and ensuring rescue safety.

[0027] The control element is electrically connected to a camera 7 facing the isolation slope 1 and / or a light intensity sensor 8 installed on the isolation slope 1; the control element is also electrically connected to the water pump. The camera 7 is used to acquire image information of the slope surface and surrounding area of ​​the isolation slope 1 and can be integrated with an AI image recognition algorithm to intelligently analyze the type, density, and distribution of combustible material accumulation to assess the fire risk. The light intensity sensor 8 continuously monitors the light intensity on the slope surface. When it detects that the light intensity is continuously lower than a preset threshold for 24 consecutive hours, it proves that combustible materials such as fallen leaves have covered the light intensity sensor 8. The control element can determine that the fallen leaves and other coverings have formed a significant accumulation and obstruction. At this time, there will be continuously distributed combustible materials on the isolation slope 1. Once a fire occurs, it will cause the isolation to fail, and then automatically generate a command to start the water pump and sprinkler system 6 for hydraulic cleaning. This automatic triggering mechanism based on continuous light monitoring, as a last resort, complements and verifies visual recognition, together forming a dual intelligent perception system for the environmental state of the isolation zone, avoiding monitoring failure caused by fallen leaves obstructing the camera 7. The system can accurately assess the risk of increased combustible load caused by the accumulation of natural debris without relying on manual inspections, and promptly initiate autonomous cleaning operations to ensure that the isolation zone maintains its designed low combustible state for a long time, significantly enhancing the initiative, intelligence level and fire prevention reliability of the equipment.

[0028] Working Principle: The continuous slope of isolation slope 1 utilizes gravity to naturally guide surface water. Its physical form effectively hinders and disperses the stable accumulation of combustible materials such as fallen leaves with the help of wind disturbance, reducing the fire load on the isolation zone itself from the source. Natural rainfall collected in the rainwater collection trough 2 at the lower end of isolation slope 1 flows naturally into the connected water storage tank 3 below, achieving in-situ capture and concealed storage of water. The hydraulic spraying and leaf removal device can utilize the water stored in the storage chamber, using a water pump 5 and directional nozzles 6 to wash the slope surface. The washed-off combustibles are returned to the collection trough and storage chamber by the slope guidance, forming a closed-loop water circulation, achieving dynamic removal of combustibles and continuous wetting of the slope surface with extremely low water consumption. The control element uses visual information acquired by camera 7 and continuous light intensity data monitored by light intensity sensor 8 to comprehensively judge the combustible material accumulation and abnormal shading conditions on the slope surface, and automatically decides to precisely start and stop the spraying operation accordingly. This enables the device to operate and maintain autonomously without human intervention in daily operations, keeping the firebreak at a low level of combustible material. In the event of a fire, it can immediately activate a full-area sprinkler system, creating a cooling and humidifying flame-retardant zone and an emergency refuge space within the firebreak area. This transforms the traditional static firebreak into an intelligent fire prevention infrastructure with both routine risk mitigation and proactive emergency intervention capabilities.

[0029] Clearly, the sloping isolation slope 1 actively suppresses the accumulation of combustibles by utilizing gravity. Its slope acts as a guide, efficiently directing and collecting natural precipitation falling on the isolation slope 1 to the rainwater collection trough 2 on the lower side, providing a stable water source for continuous sprinkler irrigation. When a fire occurs, the isolation slope 1 on the higher side effectively blocks the spread of radiant heat and direct flames, making it difficult for a fire on one side to cross the isolation slope 1 and directly ignite combustibles on the other side, forming a basic thermal barrier. Simultaneously, its sloping shape and continuous structure can disturb near-surface airflow when natural winds blow, generating local turbulence, thereby further dispersing any dry fallen leaves that may accumulate on the slope or edges, reducing the continuous combustible load for fire spread. Combined with a water-spraying leaf removal device, a long-lasting moisture-retardant layer is superimposed on top of the physical isolation, significantly enhancing its fire-retardant capabilities and environmental adaptability. Directional water flow effectively washes away flammable materials such as dead leaves and branches deposited on the slope. The flushed water, guided by the slope 1, flows back into the rainwater collection trough 2 on the lower side and eventually returns to the storage chamber, achieving closed-loop utilization of water resources. Through the water-saving cycle of "collection-storage-utilization-recollection" and automatic judgment and start / stop based on visual data from camera 7 and illuminance sensor 8, the reliance on manual maintenance and external water replenishment is significantly reduced, improving economy and reliability. Simultaneously, the system can be activated immediately when a fire is detected by camera 7, forming a large-scale, high-intensity spray zone to quickly achieve localized cooling and humidification to inhibit fire spread, while also providing valuable emergency escape space for firefighters, achieving a leap from passive isolation to active protection and safety assurance.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, the hydraulic spray defoliator further includes multiple splash plates 9. Each splash plate 9 is connected to the isolation slope 1 via a connecting rod 10. Each splash plate 9 is spaced apart and covers one of the nozzles 6, serving to divert the water jet from the nozzle 6 to the surrounding area of ​​the splash plate 9. Each splash plate 9 is positioned above the nozzle 6 and maintains a certain distance from it. When the nozzle 6 starts spraying, the water jet impacts the surface of the corresponding splash plate 9, which blocks the originally concentrated jet and changes its direction of motion, causing the water jet to be evenly dispersed and splashed out to the surrounding area. This greatly optimizes and expands the operating coverage and water flow distribution pattern of the single-point nozzle 6. The originally directional linear water flow is transformed into a wider umbrella-shaped diffused water flow, thereby enabling simultaneous wetting and rinsing of a larger area of ​​the slope around the center point of the nozzle 6. This not only significantly improves the efficiency of flushing and removing flammable materials such as debris from slopes and reduces blind spots in cleaning, but also makes water infiltration and slope wetting more uniform and efficient. This structure enhances the overall performance of the hydraulic spray defoliation device, achieving superior cleaning and fire-prevention wetting effects through physical flow guidance while consuming the same amount of water. It further improves the utilization efficiency of the water circulation system and the uniformity and reliability of the firebreak maintenance.

[0031] When the water from nozzle 6 is sprayed upwards onto the splash plate 9 and scattered outwards, some of the scattered water can cover the exposed surfaces of the camera 7 and the light intensity sensor 8 installed on the isolation slope 1. Regular or triggered water flushing effectively removes dust, dirt, leaf debris, and other contaminants adhering to the lens of camera 7 and the photosensitive components of the sensor. This automated physical cleaning mechanism avoids data distortion or image recognition degradation caused by long-term accumulation of contaminants, ensuring that the intelligent fire hazard sensing system based on visual analysis and light intensity determination maintains its monitoring accuracy and reliability over the long term, and sustaining the continuous and effective operation of the entire device's intelligent decision-making function.

[0032] In this embodiment, preferably, the tensile strength of the connecting rod 10 is less than the maximum spray force of the nozzle 6. In normal operation mode, the nozzle 6 sprays at normal operating pressure, and the water flow is scattered by the splash plate 9 for slope cleaning and equipment cleaning. When a forest fire occurs, the control system can switch the nozzle 6 to the maximum spray force mode via the water pump 5. At this time, the impact force of the water flow on the splash plate 9 will exceed the tensile strength limit of the connecting rod 10, causing the connecting rod 10 to break. The connecting rod 10 can be made of specific types of engineering plastics, aluminum alloys, or heat-treated steel, possessing specific tensile strength. After the connecting rod 10 breaks, the splash plate 9 loses its support and is swept away from its original position, and the water flow from the nozzle 6 will no longer be blocked and scattered, thus restoring a concentrated high-pressure jet state. In emergency fire situations, the device can automatically switch the operation mode from surface cleaning and wetting to directional high-pressure irrigation. The powerful concentrated water flow can directly irrigate trees, shrubs, and fallen leaves and other combustibles on the ground at a greater distance around the isolation slope 1, achieving rapid humidification and cooling of key spread paths outside the isolation zone. This greatly expands the emergency fire suppression coverage and intervention intensity of the single-point nozzle 6, thus providing an active and enhanced fire-stopping means when the fire approaches the isolation zone, further improving the emergency fire prevention efficiency and reliability of the entire system.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, the water storage tank 3 also has a municipal water pipe interface 11, which connects to the water storage chamber. This provides a reliable external supply channel for the intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device. When encountering prolonged drought or insufficient natural precipitation, causing the collected rainwater storage in the water storage chamber to fall below the minimum threshold for maintaining effective fire prevention operations, water can be replenished to the water storage chamber by connecting to the municipal water supply network or other external water sources through this interface. This design ensures that even under extreme climatic conditions, the system's core water source reserves can be replenished in a timely manner, thereby ensuring that the normal operation capability of the hydraulic spray defoliator and the fire emergency response function are not interrupted due to water shortage. This effectively improves the water source redundancy and operational reliability of the entire device in variable environments, enabling the firebreak to continuously exert its active wetting, cleaning, and emergency fire-blocking effects.

[0034] In this embodiment, preferably, the municipal water pipe interface 11 is located at the top of the water storage chamber. This top-mounted interface allows the external water supply pipe to connect to the buried water tank 3 via the shortest path and in a near-vertical manner, greatly simplifying construction and reducing the complexity of underground pipeline bends. When water replenishment is needed, the top interface location facilitates quick positioning and connection. Simultaneously, this design allows the water to flow from top to bottom, which is beneficial for natural air venting by gravity, avoiding air resistance within the enclosed buried chamber and ensuring efficient and full water replenishment. This fundamentally optimizes the maintainability and reliability of the underground water storage system, ensuring that external water sources can be quickly and reliably replenished to the system during prolonged droughts or emergencies, maintaining the continuous operation of the device's core fire-resistant functions.

[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, the water storage tank 3 is equipped with a water level sensor, which is located inside the water storage cavity and electrically connected to the control element. The water level sensor can be a float type, pressure type, or ultrasonic type, etc. The water level sensor provides key status parameters for the intelligent control and water resource management of the system. By receiving water level data in real time, the control element can accurately grasp the water reserve status in the water storage tank 3 of the device. Based on this information, the system can make intelligent decisions and automatically execute operations: when the water storage is sufficient, it can implement a water usage strategy for daily spraying operations; when the water level is below the safety threshold, it can automatically limit unnecessary spraying to save water, or trigger an alarm through the control element to notify relevant personnel or automatically start the water replenishment program connected to the municipal water pipe interface 11, thereby ensuring that the water storage cavity always maintains a minimum safe water volume. This realizes digital monitoring and automated scheduling of water resources, significantly improving the reliability, intelligence level, and continuous operation capability of the entire system under adverse conditions such as drought.

[0036] In this embodiment, preferably, the top of the rainwater collection trough 2 is covered with a grating plate 12. The grating plate 12 is composed of a series of parallel or intersecting strip structures, forming a grid with uniform gaps. Its material can be weather-resistant and structurally robust stainless steel, galvanized steel, or high-polymer engineering plastics. The grating plate 12 is fixed to the frame of the top of the collection trough by clips, bolts, or grooves, facilitating disassembly and cleaning. When debris such as dead branches, fallen leaves, and pine needles from the slope of the isolation slope 1 and the surrounding area fall in, the grating plate 12 can effectively physical screen them, intercepting large pieces and long strips of solid debris larger than the grid gaps, causing them to remain on the surface of the grating plate 12, while allowing rainwater and fine particles to pass through the grid into the interior of the rainwater collection trough 2 below. This prevents the risk of blockage in the collection trough and its downstream connecting pipes and water storage chamber due to debris accumulation from the source, ensuring the long-term unobstructed flow and system stability of the rainwater collection, storage, and transportation path. Meanwhile, debris remaining on the surface of the grating plate 12 can be further removed by subsequent water spraying or natural wind, thus maintaining the filtration efficiency of the grating plate 12 itself. This not only significantly reduces the system maintenance needs and failure rate caused by pipeline blockage, but also ensures that the entire water circulation system can continuously and reliably collect and utilize natural precipitation in an unattended environment, improving the self-sustaining capability and long-term operational stability of the device.

[0037] In this embodiment, preferably, a filter screen 13 is provided at the bottom of the rainwater collection tank 2, and the mesh density of the filter screen 13 is greater than that of the grid holes of the grid plate 12. The top grid plate 12 serves as a primary filter, with larger gaps between its grid holes, mainly used to intercept large-sized debris such as dead branches and fallen leaves; while the filter screen 13 at the bottom of the collection tank serves as a secondary filter, with a mesh density significantly greater than that of the grid holes. The filter screen 13 can be made of materials such as high-mesh stainless steel woven mesh, multi-layer composite filter cloth, or sintered mesh with precise pore size. This achieves gradient interception and deep purification of impurities in the incoming rainwater. Particles such as silt, pollen, and fine organic debris that may still be carried after primary filtration are effectively intercepted when flowing through the high-density filter screen 13 at the bottom. This structure greatly reduces the content of suspended solids and impurities entering the water storage chamber and sprinkler pipeline system, fundamentally preventing the risk of water siltation and deterioration, water pump wear, and blockage of the micro-channels of the sprinkler head 6. The synergistic effect of the secondary filtration ensures clean water quality and smooth operation of the hydraulic system throughout the entire process from water source collection and storage to final spraying, significantly improving the stability and maintenance-free operation of the entire device in complex natural environments over long periods.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, the isolation slope 1 has two low slope sides, and the high slope side of the isolation slope 1 is located between the two low slope sides. Because the high slope side of the isolation slope 1 is located in the middle, while there are two low slope sides, located on the left and right sides of the high slope side respectively, a continuous strip-shaped terrain structure with a central elevation and sloping sides is formed, constructing a terrain unit with a double catchment slope. Natural precipitation from the high slope side and the larger catchment areas on both sides can be guided and collected along the slope to the two independent low slope sides, thereby significantly expanding the catchment area and confluence efficiency of a single isolation strip. Each of the two low slope sides can be equipped with subsequent water collection facilities such as rainwater collection troughs 2. This structure not only further enhances the physical barrier effect of preventing the stable accumulation of combustibles by gravity and wind disturbance through the enlarged slope, but more importantly, it multiplies the terrain water collection capacity of the device, providing a more abundant and reliable water supply foundation for the water circulation and storage of the entire system, strengthening the device's independent water source guarantee and continuous fire prevention capability from the source of the engineering structure.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, an intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device further includes a solar panel connected to a solar battery. The solar battery is electrically connected to the control element and the water pump, and also electrically connected to the camera 7 and / or the illuminance sensor 8. The solar panel is strategically positioned so that its surface can effectively receive solar radiation while remaining within the spray coverage area of ​​the water-driven leaf-removing device. The matching solar battery stores electrical energy and provides a continuous, green off-grid power supply for the entire device. The solar battery directly powers all electrical units, including the control element, water pump 5, camera 7, illuminance sensor 8, and water level sensor, ensuring 24 / 7 operation of monitoring, analysis, and execution functions. In particular, the periodic automatic washing of the solar panel surface by the sprinkler system effectively removes accumulated dust, bird droppings, and fallen leaves, significantly maintaining its photoelectric conversion efficiency and ensuring long-term stability of energy input. This design completely eliminates the device's dependence on traditional municipal power, achieving full self-sufficiency from energy collection, storage to utilization. It greatly enhances the system's deployment capability and operational reliability in remote forest areas without grid coverage, forming an important cornerstone for its intelligent, autonomous, and sustainable operation.

[0040] It is understood that, as a preferred implementation, the intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device can be equipped with an environmental humidity sensor. This humidity sensor is installed on the firebreak slope 1 or at a representative location in its vicinity and is electrically connected to the control element. This provides the system with crucial early warning and tiered response capabilities for fire risks. When the humidity sensor continuously detects that the ambient air or surface humidity is below a preset safety threshold, the control element can determine that the area is in a dry, high-risk state, significantly increasing the fire risk. It can automatically trigger a water-spraying leaf-removing device to spray the firebreak slope 1 and its edge areas, directly washing away dry fallen leaves and increasing the humidity of the soil and surface combustibles, physically reducing the probability of ignition. Furthermore, it sends warning information to the management backend via a built-in communication module, prompting patrol personnel to increase patrol frequency and focus on monitoring the high-risk area. This intelligently links the simple automatic response of the equipment with the human patrol system, achieving a closed-loop management chain from "environmental risk perception" to "proactive equipment response" and then to "personnel early warning and dispatch," significantly improving the early intervention capability for forest fire risks and the overall synergistic efficiency of the prevention and control system.

[0041] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A smart sprinkler irrigation system for forest firebreaks, characterized in that, include: An isolation slope (1) extends horizontally and forms a strip structure. The high end side and the low end side of the isolation slope (1) are spaced apart along the downhill direction. The low end side of the isolation slope (1) has a rainwater collection trough (2). A water storage tank (3) has a water storage cavity located below the rainwater collection trough (2); the water storage cavity is connected to the rainwater collection trough (2). A water-spraying leaf removal device includes a water-drawing pipe (4), a water pump (5), and multiple nozzles (6). The water inlet end of the water-drawing pipe (4) is connected to the water storage chamber. The water pump (5) is connected to the water-drawing pipe (4). The multiple nozzles (6) are distributed at intervals along the horizontal extension direction of the isolation slope (1). The water spraying direction of the nozzles (6) is towards the lower end of the isolation slope (1). All of the multiple nozzles (6) are connected to the water storage chamber. The control element is electrically connected to a camera (7) facing the isolation slope (1) and / or an illuminance sensor (8) installed on the isolation slope (1); the control element is also electrically connected to the water pump.

2. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water jet cleaning and leaf removal device also includes multiple splash plates (9), each of which is connected to the isolation slope (1) via a connecting rod (10). Each of the splash plates (9) is spaced over one of the nozzles (6) and is used to divert the water jet from the nozzle (6) to the surrounding area of ​​the splash plate (9).

3. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the connecting rod (10) is less than the maximum spray force of the nozzle (6).

4. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water storage tank (3) is also provided with a municipal water pipe interface (11), which is connected to the water storage cavity.

5. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The municipal water pipe interface (11) is located at the top of the water storage chamber.

6. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (3) is equipped with a water level sensor, which is located inside the water storage cavity and electrically connected to the control element.

7. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rainwater collection trough (2) is covered with a grating plate (12).

8. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the rainwater collection trough (2) is provided with a filter screen (13), and the density of the mesh of the filter screen (13) is greater than the density of the mesh of the grid plate (12).

9. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation slope (1) has two low slope sides, and the high slope side of the isolation slope (1) is located between the two low slope sides of the isolation slope (1).

10. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent sprinkler irrigation forest firebreak device also includes a solar panel, which is connected to a solar battery. The solar battery is electrically connected to the control element and the water pump, and the solar battery is electrically connected to the camera (7) and / or the illuminance sensor (8).

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