Splitter with drilling function and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a splitter with a drilling function and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of non-blasting type rock and concrete splitting. The splitter comprises a drill bit and a splitter body, the splitter body comprises a drill-rod-shaped base body, one end of the base body is a connecting part, and the connecting part is provided with a conical thread matched with a drill bit so as to be in threaded connection with the drill bit; a splitting mechanism is arranged close to the connecting part, the splitting mechanism comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders of single-rod structures, the hydraulic cylinders are sequentially arranged in the base body in the axial direction of the base body, and piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders can extend out of the base body under pushing of high-pressure oil so as to expand and crack the to-be-split object and reset under pushing of low-pressure oil; a piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a dustproof sealing system, a low-pressure oil sealing system and a high-pressure oil sealing system. After drilling is completed, splitting can be directly conducted in situ, secondary positioning or equipment transfer is not needed, seamless connection of procedures is achieved, a triple sealing system is arranged, and the durability under the complex working condition is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of non-explosive rock and concrete cracking technology, and relates to a rock splitter with drilling function and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as tunnel engineering, mining, and municipal construction, non-explosive rock and concrete splitting technology has become crucial for safe construction. This technology primarily utilizes the mechanical property that brittle materials such as rock and concrete have a tensile strength far lower than their compressive strength. By applying controllable lateral pressure internally, it achieves the goal of low-disturbance, precise splitting.

[0003] Mechanical rock-breaking technologies primarily use mechanical force to directly break rocks, including borehole splitting, static blasting, and hydraulic splitting. Borehole splitting involves inserting a splitting rod after drilling, using hydraulic or mechanical force to crack the rock in a predetermined direction. Static blasting utilizes an expanding agent to generate immense expansion pressure within the borehole, causing the rock to slowly split. Hydraulic splitting uses a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder to push a wedge-shaped block, generating splitting force within the borehole. These technologies offer advantages such as vibration-free operation, no flying debris, and low noise, making them suitable for applications with high safety requirements, such as urban demolition and stone quarrying.

[0004] While current integrated drilling and splitting equipment integrates drilling and splitting functions in its structure, these are still two independent systems, leading to functional separation and process interruptions during operation. Specifically, the operation requires drilling first, then completely withdrawing the drill rod, and finally repositioning and inserting the splitting device into the same hole for splitting. This "drill first, then withdraw, then reposition" approach has significant limitations in unstable rock conditions (such as loose gravel strata) or in situations with limited working space. For example, after drilling through the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) into the encountered gravel, the hole walls are easily disturbed, and the hole position can easily shift or become blocked, making it difficult to accurately reposition and lower the splitting rod. This hinders subsequent splitting operations, severely impacting efficiency and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock splitter with drilling function and its method of use, so as to realize the function of directly splitting rocks after drilling.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A rock splitter with drilling function includes a drill bit and a rock splitter body. The rock splitter body includes a base in the shape of a drill rod, one end of which is a connecting part. The connecting part has a tapered thread that matches the drill bit for threaded connection. A splitting mechanism is provided near the connecting part. The splitting mechanism includes at least two single-rod hydraulic cylinders arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the base. The rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a high-pressure oil channel of the base, and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a low-pressure oil channel of the base. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be driven by the high-pressure oil... The piston extends out of the base to crack the material to be pyrolyzed, and is reset under the push of low-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel are connected to the external oil circuit through the high-pressure oil port B and the low-pressure oil port A located at the other end of the base, respectively. The piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a dustproof sealing system to block drill cuttings and impurities, a low-pressure oil sealing system to seal the low-pressure oil, and a high-pressure oil sealing system to seal the high-pressure oil. The dustproof sealing system, the low-pressure oil sealing system, and the high-pressure oil sealing system are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the base, corresponding to the position of the piston rod.

[0007] Optionally, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is formed from a base body, and the cylinder cover of the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is a fixed pressure ring fixed on the base body. The inner ring of the fixed pressure ring has a first annular groove for installing a dustproof sealing system and a second annular groove for installing a low-pressure oil sealing system; the piston rod has a third annular groove in its circumference for installing a high-pressure oil sealing system.

[0008] Optionally, the hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel and their actions are controlled by a directional control valve, which is a three-position four-way directional control valve with pressure holding in the middle position.

[0009] Optionally, a booster is also provided in the oil circuit connecting the directional valve and the hydraulic cylinder to achieve high-pressure oil supply to the rodless chamber and low-pressure oil supply to the rod chamber.

[0010] Optionally, the base is equipped with 6 hydraulic cylinders.

[0011] Optionally, the dustproof sealing system is a dustproof ring, the low-pressure oil sealing system is an O-ring, and the high-pressure oil sealing system is an ultra-high-pressure ring.

[0012] Optionally, the drill bit is cooled by flushing water through a water flow channel in the base, and the water flow channel is connected to the external water system through a flushing water inlet C located at the end of the base away from the drill bit.

[0013] Optionally, the flushing port C is located at the center of the substrate, and the high-pressure oil port B and the low-pressure oil port A are located on both sides of the flushing port C.

[0014] Optionally, the end of the substrate away from the drill bit has a threaded structure.

[0015] A method of using a rock splitter with drilling function, based on the above-mentioned rock splitter, includes the following steps: S1 connects the splitter to the drilling equipment; S2 Start the drilling equipment, and the splitter will advance through the forward rotation of the drilling equipment; After drilling S3 is completed, high-pressure oil is injected into the high-pressure oil port B of the splitter. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends out of the base to split the material to be cracked. After the splitting is completed, low-pressure oil is injected into the low-pressure oil port A of the splitter, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts into the base under the action of the low-pressure oil. After the S5 piston rod retracts, the splitter exits via the reverse rotation of the drilling equipment.

[0016] Optionally, the high-pressure oil is 150 MPa and the low-pressure oil is 15 MPa.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates drilling and splitting functions, and can complete rock drilling and splitting operations simultaneously or separately.

[0018] 2. After drilling is completed, the present invention can be directly split in situ without secondary positioning or equipment transfer, thus achieving seamless connection of processes.

[0019] 3. This invention supports use with mainstream drilling rigs and other drilling equipment, and reduces user modification costs and operational complexity through compatible design.

[0020] 4. In this invention, the drill bit and the splitter body are connected by a thread, which enables quick replacement of the drill bit and thus reduces the maintenance cost of the splitter.

[0021] 5. In this invention, each hydraulic cylinder's piston rod is equipped with a dustproof sealing system to block drill cuttings and impurities, a low-pressure oil sealing system to seal low-pressure oil, and a high-pressure oil sealing system to seal high-pressure oil, which greatly improves the reliability of the sealing system and significantly enhances its durability under complex working conditions.

[0022] 6. This invention employs a dual-oil circuit system, using high-pressure oil to drive the piston rod to extend and achieve rock expansion and cracking, and low-pressure oil to drive the piston rod to retract and achieve piston reset, thus balancing high efficiency and safety.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitter of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitter of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the sealing system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitter of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the splitter body Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the splitter body Figure 2 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the splitter body Figure 3 ; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the splitter body Figure 4 ; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the splitter body Figure 5 ; Figure 10 This is a diagram of the hydraulic system of the splitter of the present invention.

[0025] Attached reference numerals: 1. Drill bit; 2. Splitter body; 3. Dustproof sealing system; 4. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Fixed pressure ring; 6. Low-pressure oil sealing system; 7. High-pressure oil sealing system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-10 This is a rock splitter with drilling function. The figure shows the following structure: drill bit 1, rock splitter body 2, dustproof sealing system 3, hydraulic cylinder 4, fixed pressure ring 5, low-pressure oil sealing system 6, and high-pressure oil sealing system 7. The rock splitter includes a drill bit 1 and a rock splitter body 2. The rock splitter body 2 includes a base in the shape of a drill rod, one end of which is a connecting part with a tapered thread matching the drill bit 1 for threaded connection. A splitting mechanism is located near the connecting part, comprising six single-rod hydraulic cylinders 4 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the base. The rodless chamber of each hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to the high-pressure oil channel of the base, and the rod chamber of each hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to the low-pressure oil channel of the base. The piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder 4 can extend under the push of high-pressure oil. The substrate is cracked and reset under the push of low-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel are connected to the external oil circuit through the high-pressure oil port B and the low-pressure oil port A located at the other end of the substrate, respectively. The piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder 4 is equipped with a dustproof sealing system 3 to block drill cuttings and impurities, a low-pressure oil sealing system 6 to seal low-pressure oil, and a high-pressure oil sealing system 7 to seal high-pressure oil. The dustproof sealing system 3, the low-pressure oil sealing system 6, and the high-pressure oil sealing system 7 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the substrate, corresponding to the position of the piston rod.

[0030] Each hydraulic cylinder 4 of this invention is equipped with a triple sealing system: an outer dustproof ring to block drill cuttings and impurities, a middle low-pressure oil sealing system 6 to seal conventional control oil, and an inner high-pressure oil sealing system 7 specifically for sealing 150MPa ultra-high-pressure oil, which significantly improves reliability under high-pressure conditions.

[0031] The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is integrated on the base. The specific structure is as follows: the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is formed by the base. The cylinder cover of the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is a fixed pressure ring 5 fixed on the base. The inner ring of the fixed pressure ring 5 has a first annular groove and a second annular groove. The first annular groove and the second annular groove are used to install the dustproof sealing system 3 and the low-pressure oil sealing system 6, respectively. In order to increase the sealing effect, there are two second annular grooves. The piston rod has a third annular groove in its circumference for installing the high-pressure oil sealing system 7.

[0032] The dustproof sealing system 3 can be a dustproof ring, the low-pressure oil sealing system 6 can be an O-ring, and the high-pressure oil sealing system 7 can be an ultra-high-pressure ring.

[0033] The hydraulic cylinders 4 are connected in parallel and their actions are controlled by a directional control valve, which is a three-position four-way directional control valve with pressure holding in the neutral position. A booster is installed in the oil line connecting the directional control valve and the hydraulic cylinders 4 to achieve high-pressure oil supply to the rodless chamber and low-pressure oil supply to the rod chamber. A relief valve is installed in the oil supply line of the hydraulic cylinders 4 to limit the maximum working pressure of the system and to achieve overload protection. The inlet of the relief valve is connected to the output of the hydraulic pump, and the return end is connected to the oil tank. The working process of the hydraulic system is as follows: When the directional valve is in the right working position, the pressure oil output by the hydraulic pump is boosted to 150MPa high pressure oil by the booster and then enters the high pressure oil port B, pushing the piston rod of each hydraulic actuator hydraulic cylinder 4 to extend, realizing the high pressure drive condition. At this time, the oil flowing from the low pressure oil port A flows back to the oil tank through the directional valve. When the directional valve is in the left working position, the pressure oil output by the hydraulic pump enters the low-pressure oil port A through the directional valve, pushing the piston rod of each hydraulic actuator hydraulic cylinder 4 to retract. At the same time, the low-pressure side oil of the booster flows back to the oil tank through the directional valve.

[0034] The drill bit 1 is cooled by flushing water through the water flow channel of the base. The water flow channel is connected to the external water system through the flushing water port C located at the end of the base away from the drill bit 1. The flushing water port C is located at the center of the base, and the high-pressure oil port B and the low-pressure oil port A are located on both sides of the flushing water port C.

[0035] In order to achieve deep pyrolysis, the present invention has a threaded structure at the end of the base away from the drill bit 1 for threaded connection with other drill rods, thereby increasing the applicability of the present invention.

[0036] During operation, the rock splitter of this invention is held in place by the drilling rig and drilled. Flushing water is injected through port C to cool the drill bit 1. After drilling, 150MPa ultra-high pressure oil is introduced through port B to push the piston rod outward to fracture the rock mass. After the rock mass fractures, port A switches to 15MPa low pressure oil to drive the piston rod to retract and reset. The single piston rod movement is equivalent to the extension and retraction of a hydraulic cylinder: high pressure oil enters the rodless chamber to promote extension, and low pressure oil enters the rod chamber to push it back in the opposite direction.

[0037] Example 2 A splitter with drilling function, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that the hydraulic cylinder 4 is an independent standard component.

[0038] Example 3 A method of using a rock splitter with drilling function, based on the above-mentioned rock splitter, includes the following steps: S1 connects the splitter to the drilling equipment; S2 Start the drilling equipment, and the splitter will advance through the forward rotation of the drilling equipment; After drilling S3 is completed, high-pressure oil is injected into the high-pressure oil port B of the splitter. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 4 extends out of the base to split the material to be cracked. After the splitting is completed, low-pressure oil is injected into the low-pressure oil port A of the splitter, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 retracts into the base under the action of the low-pressure oil. After the S5 piston rod retracts, the splitter exits via the reverse rotation of the drilling equipment.

[0039] The high-pressure oil ranges from 0 to 150 MPa, preferably 150 MPa; the low-pressure oil ranges from 0 to 15 MPa, preferably 15 MPa. This invention employs a dual-oil circuit system (150 MPa for expansion / 15 MPa for reset), balancing high efficiency and safety.

[0040] This invention enables a rock breaking process of "drilling-high pressure expansion and fracturing-automatic reset", which is applicable to scenarios such as mining and tunnel excavation.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A splitter with drilling function, characterized in that: The splitter includes a drill bit (1) and a splitter body (2); the splitter body (2) includes a base in the shape of a drill rod, one end of which is a connecting part, which has a tapered thread matching the drill bit (1) for threaded connection with the drill bit (1); a splitting mechanism is provided near the connecting part, the splitting mechanism including at least two single-rod hydraulic cylinders (4) arranged sequentially in the base along the axial direction of the base, the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected to the high-pressure oil channel of the base, the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected to the low-pressure oil channel of the base, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (4) can be driven by high-pressure oil. The lower part extends out of the base to expand and crack the material to be cracked, and is reset under the push of low pressure oil; the high pressure oil channel and the low pressure oil channel are connected to the external oil circuit through the high pressure oil port B and the low pressure oil port A located at the other end of the base respectively; the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder (4) is equipped with a dustproof sealing system (3) to block drill cuttings and impurities, a low pressure oil sealing system (6) to seal low pressure oil and a high pressure oil sealing system (7) to seal high pressure oil. The dustproof sealing system (3), the low pressure oil sealing system (6) and the high pressure oil sealing system (7) are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the base corresponding to the position of the piston rod.

2. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is formed by the base body. The cylinder cover of the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is a fixed pressure ring (5) fixed on the base body. The inner ring of the fixed pressure ring (5) is provided with a first annular groove for installing the dustproof sealing system (3) and a second annular groove for installing the low-pressure oil sealing system (6). The piston rod is provided with a third annular groove in the circumference for installing the high-pressure oil sealing system (7).

3. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two second annular grooves.

4. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel and their actions are controlled by a directional valve, which is a three-position four-way directional valve with pressure holding in the middle position.

5. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A booster is also installed in the oil circuit connecting the directional valve and the hydraulic cylinder to achieve high-pressure oil supply to the rodless chamber and low-pressure oil supply to the rod chamber.

6. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base contains 6 hydraulic cylinders.

7. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dustproof sealing system uses dustproof rings, the low-pressure oil sealing system uses O-rings, and the high-pressure oil sealing system uses ultra-high-pressure rings.

8. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit is cooled by flushing water through the water flow channel of the base, and the water flow channel is connected to the external water passage through the flushing water port C located at the end of the base away from the drill bit.

9. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flushing port C is located at the center of the substrate, while the high-pressure oil port B and the low-pressure oil port A are located on either side of the flushing port C.

10. The splitter with drilling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the matrix away from the drill bit has a threaded structure.

11. A method of using a splitter with drilling function, characterized in that: Based on the splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the process includes the following steps: S1 connects the splitter to the drilling equipment; S2 Start the drilling equipment, and the splitter will advance through the forward rotation of the drilling equipment; After drilling S3 is completed, high-pressure oil is injected into the high-pressure oil port B of the splitter. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends out of the base to split the material to be cracked. After the splitting is completed, low-pressure oil is injected into the low-pressure oil port A of the splitter, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts into the base under the action of the low-pressure oil. After the S5 piston rod retracts, the splitter exits via the reverse rotation of the drilling equipment.

12. The method of using the splitter with drilling function according to claim 11, characterized in that: The high-pressure oil pressure is 150 MPa, and the low-pressure oil pressure is 15 MPa.

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