Optical lens, laser radar transmitting system and dodging device

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical lens, a laser radar transmitting system and a dodging device. The optical lens sequentially comprises a rear lens group, a light uniformizing device and a front lens group from a first side to a second side along an optical axis, the light uniformizing device comprises a plurality of micro-cylindrical lenses arranged in the first direction, each micro-cylindrical lens is provided with a first side face and a second side face which are used for uniformizing and diffusing light in the direction of the optical axis, and the first side face and the second side face are arranged in the direction of the optical axis. The first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to an optical lens, a lidar emitting system, and a light homogenizing device. Background Technology

[0002] LiDAR is a radar system that detects the position, velocity, and other characteristics of a target by emitting a laser beam. Generally, the system's optical emitting device emits a detection beam towards the target, and the system's optical receiving device receives the echo beam reflected back from the target. After processing the received echo beam and the emitted detection beam, relevant information about the target is obtained.

[0003] Currently, lidar is generally classified into three types: mechanical rotating, semi-solid-state, and pure solid-state. Among them, a major solution for the light source of the light emitting device is VCSEL (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser), and a major solution for the detector of the light receiving device is SPAD (Single Photon Avalanche Diode). However, during the matching process between VCSEL and SPAD, it is difficult to achieve the same close arrangement of the light-emitting points in VCSEL as the pixels in the area array of SPAD. Therefore, beam homogenization is usually required. Summary of the Invention

[0004] On one hand, this application provides an optical lens, which includes a rear lens group, a light homogenizing device and a front lens group in sequence from a first side to a second side along the optical axis. The light homogenizing device includes a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction. Each micropillar lens has a first side surface and a second side surface in the optical axis direction for homogenizing and diffusing light. The first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction.

[0005] In one embodiment, the distance d3 between the rear lens group and the light homogenizing device on the optical axis and the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group can satisfy: d3 / F1≤0.3.

[0006] In one embodiment, the maximum diffusion angle VFOV of the light emitted from the second side of the optical lens in the first direction can satisfy: VFOV≤70°.

[0007] In one embodiment, the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens and the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group can satisfy: F2 / F1≤1.

[0008] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: sinθ1 / nd≥0.25.

[0009] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: sinθ2 / nd≥0.25.

[0010] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd≥0.3.

[0011] In one embodiment, the center distance Pd between any two adjacent micropillar lenses in the first direction and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: Pd / nd≤0.7.

[0012] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd≥0.1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens along the optical axis and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: 0.5≤CT / nd≤1.

[0014] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens in the optical axis direction can satisfy: 0.4≤(sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT≤1.

[0015] In one embodiment, the light homogenizing device has a planar structure.

[0016] In one embodiment, the light homogenizing device has a curved surface structure.

[0017] In one embodiment, the front lens group includes at least one lens, and the maximum diffusion angle of light rays emitted from the second side of the front lens group in the first direction is increased by an angle value Δα that satisfies the condition that: 0°≤Δα≤4°.

[0018] In one embodiment, the total length TTL of the optical lens along the optical axis and the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens can satisfy: 5≤TTL / F2≤12.

[0019] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D of the front lens group and the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens can satisfy: 2≤D / F2≤7.

[0020] On the other hand, this application provides a lidar emitting system, which includes an optical lens according to this application and a laser emitting device located on a first side of the optical lens. The light emitted by the laser emitting device is incident on the first side of the optical lens and exits from a second side of the optical lens.

[0021] In one embodiment, the laser emitting device of the lidar emitting system may include a VCSEL.

[0022] In one embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the last lens closest to the second side in the rear lens group and the distance D3 on the optical axis from the laser emitting device to the second side of the last lens can satisfy: nd3 / D3≥0.1.

[0023] In another aspect, this application provides a light-diffusing device for an optical lens, the light-diffusing device comprising a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction, each micropillar lens having a first side surface and a second side surface disposed opposite to each other in the direction of its optical axis; both the first side surface and the second side surface homogenize and diffuse the light passing through; the first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the micropillar lens.

[0024] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: sinθ1 / nd≥0.25.

[0025] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: sinθ2 / nd≥0.25.

[0026] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd≥0.3.

[0027] In one embodiment, the center distance Pd between any two adjacent micropillar lenses in the first direction and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: Pd / nd≤0.7.

[0028] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd≥0.1.

[0029] In one embodiment, the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens along its optical axis and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy: 0.5≤CT / nd≤1.

[0030] In one embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens in its optical axis direction can satisfy: 0.4≤(sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT≤1.

[0031] In one embodiment, the micropillar lens extends in a straight line along its length.

[0032] In one embodiment, the micropillar lens extends in a curved shape along its length.

[0033] The light homogenizing device provided according to the embodiments of this application includes a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction. Each micropillar lens has a first side surface and a second side surface arranged opposite to each other in its optical axis direction. Both the first side surface and the second side surface of the micropillar lens can homogenize and diffuse the light passing through it. The first direction along which the plurality of micropillar lenses are arranged is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the micropillar lenses. With this arrangement of the light homogenizing device, after the light or beam exits through the first side surface and the second side surface of the micropillar lens in the light homogenizing device, the homogenization and diffusion of the light or beam can be better achieved. At the same time, it can also effectively solve the problems of uneven light field and angle loss caused by uneven light emission or the presence of defects (such as uneven light emission and defects caused by power supply problems of VCSEL light source).

[0034] The optical lens provided according to the embodiments of this application includes a light-diffusing device, a front lens group, and a rear lens group; the rear lens group, the light-diffusing device, and the front lens group are arranged sequentially from a first side to a second side along the optical axis; the light-diffusing device includes a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction, each micropillar lens having a first side and a second side for homogenizing and diffusing light in the optical axis direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction. The optical lens according to the embodiments of this application can better homogenize and diffuse the light rays or beams emitted from it, and can effectively solve the problems of uneven light field and angle loss caused by uneven light emission or the presence of defects (such as uneven light emission and defects caused by power supply problems of VCSEL light source); the setting of the front lens group can play a good protective role for the light-diffusing device, improve reliability and benefit the aesthetics of the structure; and the front lens group can also provide more degrees of freedom to achieve better diffusion angle and uniformity of light rays or beams; at the same time, the reasonable setting of the rear lens group can help to achieve overall miniaturization.

[0035] The lidar emitting system according to the embodiments of this application includes an optical lens according to this application and a laser emitting device located on a first side of the optical lens. Light emitted by the laser emitting device enters through the first side of the optical lens and exits through a second side of the optical lens. The lidar emitting system according to the embodiments of this application can achieve more uniform diffusion of the emitted beam, effectively solving problems such as uneven emission field and angle loss caused by uneven light emission and dead pixels due to power supply issues in laser emitting devices (e.g., VCSELs). It can meet reliability and appearance requirements, achieving better beam diffusion angle and uniformity; and it can also meet the requirements of miniaturization. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a light-uniforming device with a planar structure according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the micropillar lenses included in a light homogenizing device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application in the XZ plane perpendicular to its length direction.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the center distance pitch of any two adjacent microlenses in a homogenizing device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application in the X-axis direction;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a light-uniforming device with a curved surface structure according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the distortion of light rays after passing through a light homogenizing device with a planar structure;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how distortion correction is achieved when light passes through a light homogenizing device with a curved surface structure;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the uneven light emission and dead pixels caused by power supply problems in VCSEL light sources at different locations.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical path of a conventional rotationally symmetric lens used as a beam homogenizing device in the related technology;

[0045] Figure 9 To illustrate a 3D schematic diagram of a compound eye lens in the related art;

[0046] Figure 10 To illustrate the optical path diagram of the homogenizing element using a compound eye lens in the related technology;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical path of a light homogenizer with a single-sided microlens structure used in related technologies;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distance D3 on the optical axis from the exit position of light rays in an optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application to the second side of the rear lens group;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical path principle of a 3D FLASH LiDAR system in the related art;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a beam-equalizing lens in which the beam-equalizing element is placed at the front end of the transmitting lens;

[0051] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a beam-equalizing lens with a beam-equalizing element placed at the rear end of the transmitting lens;

[0052] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical path for achieving light homogenization using an optical lens including a light homogenizing device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the superposition of diffusion angles of an optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application on a uniform light source;

[0054] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the superposition of diffusion angles of an optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application for a non-uniform light source;

[0055] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the superposition of diffusion angles between uniform and non-uniform light sources using a conventional rotationally symmetrical lens or a light-emitting homogenizing plate with a single-sided microlens structure in the related technology.

[0056] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens with a light-diffusing device located at the outer end of a lens group;

[0057] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens for a light-shielding device located between a light source and a lens group;

[0058] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens for a lidar transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 24 To illustrate the structural schematic diagram of the optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application; and

[0061] Figure 25 This is to illustrate the structure and optical path of the optical lens according to Embodiment 9 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description of the application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0063] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first direction discussed below, for example, may also be referred to as the second direction or the third direction, etc.

[0064] In the accompanying drawings, for ease of illustration, the thickness, size, and shape of elements such as lenses and microlenses have been slightly exaggerated. Specifically, the shapes and sizes of elements such as lenses and microlenses shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes and sizes of elements such as lenses and microlenses are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn strictly to scale.

[0065] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when expressions such as "at least one of..." appear after a list of listed features, they modify the entire list of features, not individual elements in the list. Additionally, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0066] It should be noted that the X or X-axis direction, Y or Y-axis direction, and Z or Z-axis direction mentioned in the textual description and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to more clearly explain or show the spatial shape or spatial relationship of the relevant elements or components. For example, the Y-axis direction can be the length direction of the micropillar lens; the X-axis direction can be the arrangement or arrangement direction of multiple micropillar lenses, or it can be understood as the height direction of the micropillar lens, and the X-axis direction can intersect the Y-axis direction perpendicularly; the Z-axis direction can intersect the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and is perpendicular to the plane formed by the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction can be, for example, the optical axis direction. In addition, the X, Y, and Z directions shown in the accompanying drawings include not only the directions indicated by the arrows, but also the directions away from the arrows; in other words, the arrows in the X, Y, and Z directions are not restrictive.

[0067] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0068] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0069] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0070] On the one hand, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides a light homogenizing device.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the light-diffusing device may include a plurality of microlenses, which may be, for example, microlenses with an elongated shape, i.e., long microlenses; or, for example, a plurality of micropillar lenses. The plurality of microlenses of the light-diffusing device may be stacked on top of each other along a first direction.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the length of each microlens may extend along the Y-axis direction, for example; the first direction in which the multiple microlenses are stacked may be a direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to their length extension direction, such as the X-axis direction; the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction may be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to each other.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the length direction of the main structural surface of the light homogenizing device can be understood as the length extension direction of each microlens, such as the Y-axis direction; the width direction of the main structural surface of the light homogenizing device can be understood as the stacking or arrangement direction of each microlens, such as the X-axis direction.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, each microlens may have opposite or oppositely arranged first and second side surfaces in a direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the main structural surface of the light homogenizing device, such as the Z-axis direction. Correspondingly, the light homogenizing device also has first and second side surfaces in a direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the main structural surface of the light homogenizing device, such as the Z-axis direction. The first side surface of the light homogenizing device may include the first side surfaces of multiple microlenses, and the second side surface of the light homogenizing device may include the second side surfaces of multiple microlenses. In practical applications, light rays may, for example, be incident through the first side surface of the light homogenizing device; specifically, light rays may be incident through a portion of the microlenses or the first side surface of a certain microlens; furthermore, light rays may exit through the second side surface of the light homogenizing device; specifically, light rays may be exited through a portion of the microlenses or the second side surface of a certain microlens; the light rays exiting through the light homogenizing device can achieve homogenization and diffusion.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the light-uniforming device 100 includes a plurality of elongated micropillar lenses 101 arranged or stacked along the X-axis direction. The length of each micropillar lens 101 extends in the Y-axis direction. In the Z-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the plane containing the X and Y axes, each micropillar lens 101 has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other or oppositely. The optical axis of each micropillar lens 101 can be in the Z-axis direction or in a direction parallel to the Z-axis. The plane formed by the X and Y axes can be understood as the main structural plane of the light-uniforming device 100.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens in the beam homogenizing device and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy the condition: sinθ1 / nd ≥ 0.25. By controlling the ratio of the sine of the edge angle of the first side of the micropillar lens to the refractive index of the micropillar lens within a reasonable range, the target light can be deflected at the target angle, which is beneficial for diffusing light rays with different incident angles into light rays exiting at the same angle. More specifically, θ1 and nd can further satisfy: 0.3 ≤ sinθ1 / nd ≤ 0.6.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens in the light homogenizing device and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens can satisfy the condition: sinθ2 / nd ≥ 0.25. By controlling the ratio of the sine of the edge angle of the second side of the micropillar lens to the refractive index of the micropillar lens within a reasonable range, the target light can be deflected at the target angle, which is beneficial for diffusing light rays with different incident angles into light rays exiting at the same angle. More specifically, θ2 and nd can further satisfy: 0.3 ≤ sinθ2 / nd ≤ 0.6.

[0078] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a microcylindrical lens 101 in a homogenizing device, for example, in the XZ plane, is shown. The Z-axis can be the optical axis direction of the microcylindrical lens 101. Along the Z-axis, the microcylindrical lens 101 has a first side surface S1 and a second side surface S2. The edge angle θ1 of the first side surface of the microcylindrical lens 101 in the homogenizing device is shown as follows: Figure 2 The angle shown could be the angle between the normal at the edge of the first side surface S1 and the Z-axis; the angle θ2 at the edge of the second side surface of the micropillar lens 101 in the light homogenizing device could be... Figure 1 The angle shown can be the angle between the normal at the edge of the second side surface S2 and the Z-axis.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the edge angles θ1 and θ2 of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens in the beam homogenizing device, along with the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens, can satisfy the condition: (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd ≥ 0.3. By controlling the sine values ​​of the edge angles of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens to satisfy this condition, the target light rays can be deflected at the target angle, which is beneficial for diffusing light rays with different incident angles into light rays exiting at the same angle. More specifically, θ1, θ2, and nd can further satisfy: 0.4 ≤ (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd ≤ 0.7.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the center distance Pd between any two adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the beam homogenizing device along their arrangement direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) can satisfy the condition: Pd / nd ≤ 0.7. By reasonably controlling the center distance between two adjacent microcylindrical lenses along their arrangement direction, i.e., the pitch spacing of two adjacent microcylindrical lens units and the refractive index of the microcylindrical lenses to satisfy this condition, the light convergence point can be shifted backward. This is beneficial for ensuring beam diffusion homogenization and for increasing the thickness of the microcylindrical lenses in the optical axis direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction), thus improving the processing yield. More specifically, Pd and nd can further satisfy: 0.3 ≤ Pd / nd ≤ 0.5. The center distance Pd between any two adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the beam homogenizing device along their arrangement direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) can be as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, the edge angles θ1 and θ2 of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens in the light homogenizing device can satisfy the condition (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd ≥ 0.1 with respect to the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens. By controlling the sine values ​​of the edge angles of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens to satisfy this condition, the target light ray can be deflected at the target angle, which is beneficial for achieving an optical design goal of a light diffusion angle greater than or equal to 60°. More specifically, θ1, θ2, and nd can further satisfy: 0.2 ≤ (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd ≤ 0.5.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the optical axis direction) and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens in the beam homogenizing device can satisfy the condition: 0.5 ≤ CT / nd ≤ 1. By controlling the ratio of the center thickness of the micropillar lens in the Z-axis direction to the refractive index of the micropillar lens within a reasonable range, the target light can be deflected at the target angle, which is beneficial for diffusing light rays with different incident angles into light rays exiting at the same angle. More specifically, CT and nd can further satisfy: 0.6 ≤ CT / nd ≤ 0.9.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, the edge angles θ1 and θ2 of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens in the light homogenizing device, along with the center thickness CT of the micropillar lens in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the optical axis direction), satisfy the condition: 0.4 ≤ (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT ≤ 1. By controlling the sine values ​​of the edge angles of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens and the center thickness of the micropillar lens in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the optical axis direction) to satisfy this condition, light can be emitted at different diffusion angles, satisfying the design of schemes that diffuse light to different angles. More specifically, θ1, θ2, and CT can further satisfy: 0.5 ≤ (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT ≤ 0.9.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the light-diffusing device can have a planar structure, wherein each micropillar lens can extend linearly along its length. For example, the length of each micropillar lens can extend linearly along the Y-axis, and each micropillar lens can be a long, straight micropillar lens. The main structural surface of the light-diffusing device including multiple such micropillar lenses is planar, for example, the XY plane containing the X and Y axes, where the X-axis is the arrangement direction of the multiple micropillar lenses. The planar structure of the light-diffusing device, with its long, straight micropillar lenses, can ensure both the light diffusion angle and uniformity while being easier to manufacture, thus improving processing performance. Figure 1The light homogenizing device 100 shown has a planar structure, and each of the micropillar lenses 101 included therein is a long straight micropillar lens. The length of each micropillar lens 101 extends in a straight line along the Y-axis direction. Multiple micropillar lenses 101 are stacked on top of each other in the X-axis direction. The main structural surface of the light homogenizing device 100 including these micropillar lenses 101 can be understood as a plane parallel to the XY plane formed by the X-axis and Y-axis.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, the light homogenizing device may also have a curved structure, wherein each micropillar lens may extend in a curved shape along its length. Each micropillar lens may be a long, curved micropillar lens, and the main structural surface of the light homogenizing device including multiple such micropillar lenses may be curved. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a homogenizing device 100' with a curved structure, comprising individual curved cylindrical lenses 101'. Each cylindrical lens 101' can be understood as extending in a curved shape within a plane parallel to the YZ plane formed by the Y and Z axes, exhibiting a curved structure. Multiple cylindrical lenses 101' are stacked on top of each other along the X-axis. The homogenizing device 100', including these cylindrical lenses 101', has a curved structure, with its main structural surface being a curved surface. The centerlines of each cylindrical lens 101' along its length can all lie on this curved surface. This curved structure allows the homogenizing device to change the incident angle of light without affecting the homogenization and diffusion effect, thereby reducing distortion and preventing the emitted light spot from bending. The curved cylindrical lens array is beneficial for distortion correction. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The images show different distortions produced by light rays passing through planar and curved micropillar lens arrays, respectively, and compare them. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is evident that, compared to planar structures, curved structures can change the incident angle without affecting homogenization and diffusion, thereby effectively reducing the impact of distortion and achieving better distortion correction.

[0086] In some exemplary embodiments, the multiple microcylindrical lens units in the beam homogenizing device can be microcylindrical lens units with the same shape and size; for example, the multiple microcylindrical lens units can all extend in a straight line along their length direction, or they can all extend in a curved line; for example, the dimensions of the multiple microcylindrical lens units in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions can all be the same. In other exemplary embodiments, the multiple microcylindrical lens units in the beam homogenizing device can also be microcylindrical lens units with different shapes or sizes; for example, some microcylindrical lens units can extend in a straight line along their length direction, while others can extend in a curved line; for example, one or more dimensions of the multiple microcylindrical lens units in the X-axis, Y-axis, or Z-axis directions can be different. The embodiments provided in this application are merely examples and not limitations. Selecting identical microcylindrical lens units for stacking in the beam homogenizing device can facilitate processing while ensuring the beam diffusion angle and uniformity, and is also more conducive to achieving the same angle of light emission.

[0087] In some exemplary embodiments, the surface shapes of the first and second sides of the plurality of micropillar lens units in the light homogenizing device can be symmetrically designed, which is beneficial for diffusing light rays with different incident angles into light rays exiting at the same angle. In other exemplary embodiments, the surface shapes of the first and second sides of the plurality of micropillar lens units can also be asymmetrically designed, which is beneficial for reducing diffraction and improving image clarity. The embodiments provided in this application are merely examples and not limitations.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the beam homogenizing device according to the present application may include two or more micropillar lens arrays composed of multiple stacked micropillar lenses. Each micropillar lens array includes, for example, multiple micropillar lenses stacked together along the X-axis. The length of each micropillar lens in each micropillar lens array extends, for example, along the Y-axis, or is curved, for example, in a plane parallel to YZ. Each micropillar lens in each micropillar lens array may have a first side and a second side arranged oppositely or oppositely along the Z-axis direction, wherein the first side and the second side may be the light incident surface and the light exit surface, respectively. The beam homogenizing device employs two or more micropillar lens arrays composed of multiple stacked micropillar lenses, which can facilitate better same-angle emission of the emitted diffused beam.

[0089] In related technologies, such as in lidar systems, when the light emitting device uses a VCSEL, the VCSEL light source often suffers from unevenness between the upper and lower light sources due to issues like power supply voltage, and frequently exhibits dead pixels. This results in unevenness and angle loss in the emitted light field, affecting the detection range and causing individual detection angle failures. However, commonly used light homogenizing devices cannot solve these unevenness and dead pixel problems. Figure 7 As shown, due to issues such as power supply voltage, the VCSEL light source... Figure 7 The light intensity gradually decreases from top to bottom in the direction indicated by the middle arrow A, and the light intensity is uneven at the top and bottom; and there are phenomena such as Figure 7 The bad spot B indicated in the image.

[0090] In related technologies, when a conventional rotationally symmetrical lens is used in a light-emitting homogenizing device, the light emission angles at different positions of the VCSEL are not the same. If the VCSEL light source has problems such as uneven light emission points or dead pixels due to power supply voltage or other issues, it will directly lead to uneven light field. Conventional rotationally symmetrical lenses, as light-emitting devices, cannot solve these unevenness and dead pixel problems. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the light beam passing through the emission homogenizing device 100A, which employs a conventional rotationally symmetric lens, is shown.

[0091] In addition, the light homogenization technology commonly used in related technologies can only achieve light homogenization for beams with a vertical incident angle. For beams with an oblique incident angle, such as those at the edge of a VSCEL, significant distortion will occur, making it impossible to match with the edge area of ​​the SPAD light receiving device, thereby affecting the distance measurement capability of some receiving channels. Currently, the light homogenization elements in related technologies cannot solve these problems.

[0092] In related technologies, there are also light-diffusing elements that employ compound eye lenses. For example, a compound eye lens can be formed by assembling a series of microlenses located on one side of a substrate. Figure 9 A 3D schematic diagram of a compound eye lens is shown. Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the optical path of a homogenizing element employing a compound eye lens. Light emitted from light source a1 passes through, for example, a collimating lens a2, forming rays parallel to the optical axis that enter the first compound eye lens a3-1. These rays are then focused onto the center of the second compound eye lens a3-2, and subsequently exit through, for example, an integrating lens a4, onto, for example, an illumination surface a5, thus achieving uniform illumination. It is evident that this homogenizing element achieves uniform illumination primarily by shaping the light from each emission point of the light source into parallel rays that exit at the same position; it cannot be applied to obliquely incident light.

[0093] In related technologies, another type of light-diffusing sheet with a single-sided microlens structure is also commonly used, such as... Figure 11As shown, the light emitted from light source b1 passes through element b2 and then enters a light homogenizer b3 with a single-sided microlens structure. Although this light homogenizer allows light to be incident at a certain angle, it usually diffuses the light to an extremely large angle (above 90°) or can only diffuse the light at a small angle, which is not suitable for the practical application of FLASH LiDAR. Furthermore, since the angles of light emitted from different positions of the VCSEL are different, if the VCSEL light source has problems such as uneven light emission or dead pixels due to power supply voltage or other issues, it will directly lead to uneven light field. This light homogenizer with a single-sided microlens structure cannot solve these unevenness and dead pixel problems.

[0094] The light-uniforming device according to the embodiments of this application can effectively solve the problems that exist or cannot be solved by other light-uniforming devices in the above-mentioned related technologies. In an exemplary embodiment, the light-uniforming device according to the embodiments of this application can be applied to a lidar system, and can achieve uniform diffusion of the light beam emitted by, for example, a VCSEL light source in the system. The light-uniforming device according to the embodiments of this application, by reasonably designing the micropillar lens structure therein, designs each micropillar lens as a double-sided micropillar lens structure with opposite first and second sides in the direction of light propagation, and reasonably designs the surface curvature, edge angle, and center thickness and refractive index of the first and second sides, etc., through the refraction and adjustment of the first and second sides of the micropillar lens, can effectively uniformly diffuse the light emitted by the light source, and can solve and overcome problems such as uneven light emission and bad pixels caused by VCSEL light sources due to power supply voltage and other issues, resulting in uneven light field and angle loss. Even in this case, it can still achieve good uniform diffusion of light.

[0095] Understandably, in some exemplary embodiments, the double-sided microcylindrical lens in the light homogenizing device may also be formed by combining two single-sided microcylindrical lenses, where one single-sided microcylindrical lens provides a first side surface and the other single-sided microcylindrical lens provides a second side surface. In other words, the light homogenizing device may also be formed by combining two arrays of single-sided microcylindrical lenses. Although such a light homogenizing device is more expensive, it can achieve the same or similar technical effects as the light homogenizing devices in the other exemplary embodiments described above. More specifically, according to the light homogenizing device provided in this application, each microcylindrical lens including a first side surface and a second side surface for homogenizing and diffusing light in the optical axis direction may be formed by combining two semi-microcylindrical lenses, each having a first side surface and a second side surface respectively.

[0096] On the other hand, this application provides an optical lens, which includes a light-diffusing device, a front lens group, and a rear lens group provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the light-diffusing device in the optical lens may include, for example, a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along the X-axis; the length of each micropillar lens extends linearly in the Y-axis direction, or extends in a curved shape in a plane parallel to YZ; each micropillar lens has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other or relative to each other in the Z-axis direction, wherein the first side may be, for example, the light-incident side, and the second side may be, for example, the light-outceasing side.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the rear lens group, the light homogenizing device, and the front lens group may be arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the first side may be, for example, the incident side of the light and the second side may be, for example, the exit side of the light.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the distance d3 on the optical axis between the second side of the rear lens group and the first side of the light-diffusing device in the optical lens according to the embodiments of this application and the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group can satisfy the condition: d3 / F1≤0.3. By controlling this condition, the distance between the rear lens group and the light-diffusing device (micropillar lens) can be reasonably reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the diameter of the light-diffusing device and the front end of the lens, and thus to achieving overall miniaturization. More specifically, d3 and F1 can further satisfy: 0.1≤d3 / F1≤0.2. The distance d3 on the optical axis between the second side of the rear lens group and the first side of the light-diffusing device is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the rear lens group 200 in the figure includes, for example, three lenses L1, L2 and L3. L3 is the lens closest to the second side, that is, closest to the light homogenizing device 100. The second side of the rear lens group 200 is also the second side of lens L3. d3 is the distance from the second side of L3 to the first side of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis (along the Z-axis direction in the figure).

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the present application can satisfy the condition: VFOV ≤ 70°, where VFOV is the maximum diffusion angle of the light emitted from the second side of the optical lens in the X-axis direction, and the X-axis direction is also the direction in which the multiple micropillar lenses in the light homogenizing device are stacked on top of each other. By controlling the maximum diffusion angle of the light emitted from the second side of the optical lens in the X-axis direction to be within this range, the optical lens according to the present application can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, and can achieve better detection results. More specifically, VFOV can further satisfy: 50° ≤ VFOV ≤ 70°.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the present application can satisfy the condition: F2 / F1≤1, where F2 is the total effective focal length of the optical lens and F1 is the effective focal length of the rear lens group. By controlling the ratio of the total effective focal length of the optical lens to the effective focal length of the rear lens group within this range, it is beneficial to achieve reasonable control of the light diffusion angle, and to diffuse the field of view in the orthogonal direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) of the micropillar lens stacking direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) to the target angle. More specifically, F2 and F1 can further satisfy: 0.4≤F2 / F1≤0.85.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the embodiments of this application can satisfy the condition: nd3 / D3≥0.1, where nd3 is the refractive index of the last lens closest to the second side in the rear lens group, and D3 is the distance on the optical axis from the light ray exit position to the second side surface of the last lens closest to the second side in the rear lens group. The light ray exit position can be, for example, the position of a light source, which can be, for example, a VCSEL. Then, D3 is the distance on the optical axis from the VCSEL to the second side surface of the last lens closest to the second side (or closest to the light homogenizing device) in the rear lens group. By reasonably controlling this condition, it is beneficial to reduce the front-end light aperture, thereby reducing the front-end lens aperture and achieving miniaturization of the lens front end (light homogenizing device and front lens group). More specifically, nd3 and D3 can further satisfy: 0.2≥nd3 / D3≥0.11. The distance on the optical axis D3 from the light ray exit position to the second side surface of the last lens closest to the second side in the rear lens group is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the point where the light rays exit can be... Figure 12 The position of the light source 400 is in Figure 12 The rear lens group 200 of the optical lens shown includes three lenses: L1, L2 and L3. L3 is the last lens closest to the second side, that is, closest to the light homogenizing device 100. D3 is the distance from the light source 400 to the second side of L3 on the optical axis (along the Z-axis direction in the figure).

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the front lens group of the optical lens according to the embodiments of this application may include at least one lens, and the optical lens may satisfy the condition: 0°≤Δα≤4°, where Δα is the angle value by which the angle range of light rays exiting from the second side of the front lens group (in the X-axis direction) increases compared to the angle range of light rays incident from the first side of the front lens group (in the X-axis direction). By rationally configuring the front lens group, while protecting the reliability of the micropillar lens array of the light-diffusing device and achieving an aesthetically pleasing lens appearance, the front lens group can also provide more design freedom for the entire system, further diffusing the light rays passing through the micropillar lens array, thereby increasing the light diffusion angle and better meeting the diffusion angle and uniformity required by the system.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the present application can satisfy the condition: 5 ≤ TTL / F2 ≤ 12, where TTL is the total length of the optical lens along the optical axis and F2 is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. By reasonably controlling the ratio of the total length of the optical lens along the optical axis to the total effective focal length of the optical lens within a certain range, the overall length can be controlled within a certain range while ensuring good lens performance, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the length of the optical lens. More specifically, TTL and F2 can further satisfy: 7 ≤ TTL / F2 ≤ 10.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the present application can satisfy the condition: 2≤D / F2≤7, where D is the maximum aperture of the front lens group and F2 is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. By reasonably controlling the ratio of the maximum aperture of the front lens group to the total effective focal length of the optical lens within a certain range, the front aperture of the lens can be controlled within a certain range, which is beneficial to achieving miniaturization of the optical lens aperture. More specifically, D and F2 can further satisfy: 4≤D / F2≤5.

[0106] Figure 13 This diagram illustrates the optical path principle of a 3D FLASH LiDAR system in the related art. Figure 13 In the FLASH LiDAR system shown, the light emitted by the light emitting device c1 (e.g., VCSEL) passes through, for example, the light homogenizing device c2 to reach the target c3, and is then reflected to the light receiving device c4 (e.g., SPAD). In practical applications, during the matching process between the VCSEL and the SPAD, it is difficult to achieve the same close arrangement of the light-emitting points in the VCSEL as the pixels in the SPAD with its area array arrangement. Therefore, beam homogenization is usually required. A common homogenization method is to add a light homogenizing lens in front of the VCSEL light source.

[0107] In related technologies, emission homogenization devices typically consist of an emitting lens and a homogenizing device. The homogenizing device is generally located at the front end of the emitting lens, i.e., the outer end. However, the homogenizing device is usually a fragile component and is not resistant to scratches. Therefore, when the homogenizing device is located at the front end of the emitting lens, it cannot meet the stringent reliability requirements such as scratch resistance. The homogenizing device is easily damaged and is not aesthetically pleasing. Figure 14 This diagram illustrates a light-emitting lens with a light-diffusing element positioned at the front of the emitting lens. In the diagram, d1 represents the light-emitting device, such as a VCSEL; d2 represents the emitting lens or lens group; and d3 represents the light-diffusing device, located at the outermost end of the structure, which is easily damaged and affects aesthetics. In other related technologies, when the light-diffusing device is located at the rear of the emitting lens or lens group, such as... Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a beam homogenizing lens with a beam homogenizing element placed at the rear end of the transmitting lens is shown. In the figure, e1 is a light emitting device, such as a VCSEL; e2 is a beam homogenizing device; e3 is a transmitting lens or lens group. The beam homogenizing device e2 is located between the light emitting device e1 and the lens group e3. At this time, the light beam emitted by the light emitting device e1 is directly homogenized by the beam homogenizing device e2 and undergoes angular diffusion. This results in the rear lens group e3 needing to receive a very large angle of light, which is very unfavorable for the miniaturization design of the overall transmitting module.

[0108] However, the optical lens according to the embodiments of this application includes a light-diffusing device with a double-sided micropillar lens array, and the light-diffusing device is located between the front lens group and the rear lens group. Through the rational design of the double-sided micropillar lens structure in the light-diffusing device, such as the rational design of parameters including the surface curvature of the micropillar lens incident surface and exit surface, the edge angle, and the thickness and refractive index of the micropillar lens, it is possible to achieve beam diffusion homogenization while solving problems such as uneven light emission and uneven light field and angle loss caused by VCSEL light source defects. It can achieve better homogenization and diffusion of light emitted by, for example, VCSEL light source. The first side and the second side of the micropillar lens in the light-diffusing device can adjust the light, so that the emitted light can achieve the effect of equal angle. In addition, by setting the light-diffusing device between the front lens group and the rear lens group, the front lens group can protect the light-diffusing device to meet reliability requirements and appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group can also achieve better diffusion angle and uniformity of light. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the optical lens according to this application may include a light-diffusing device with a curved shape whose main structural surface is curved, for example... Figure 4 The light homogenizing device shown can also improve the light field distortion caused by the oblique incidence of light, and is more conducive to the matching of the light receiving device and SPAD.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to the present application can be applied to a lidar system, serving as a homogenizing device for, for example, a VCSEL light source within the system. The light emitted from the VCSEL light source, after passing through the rear lens group, is mapped into beams at different angles and incident on the micropillar lens array of the homogenizing device f3, such as... Figure 16 As shown, after double refraction on the first and second sides of the micropillar lens, light rays with different incident angles all exit with the same target diffusion angle. In this way, the same diffusion angle can be superimposed on the VCSEL positions with high light intensity, the VCSEL positions with low light intensity, and the positions of defects. This can solve the problems of uneven light emission from VCSEL light sources and uneven light field and angle loss caused by defects. Figure 17 This diagram illustrates the superposition of diffusion angles for a uniform light source using an optical lens according to this application. ①, ②, and ③ represent the radiation intensity and angle of the light emitted from the top, middle, and bottom of the VCSEL light source, respectively. The superposition of diffusion angles and radiation intensities after homogenization and diffusion of the three light sources (①, ②, and ③) by the optical lens of this application is shown below. Figure 17 As shown in ④. Figure 18 This diagram illustrates the superposition of diffusion angles for a non-uniform light source using an optical lens according to this application. ①, ②, and ③ represent the radiation intensity and angle of the light emitted from the top, middle, and bottom of the VCSEL light source, respectively. It can be seen that the radiation intensity of the light source gradually decreases from the top to the bottom. The superposition of diffusion angles and radiation intensities after homogenization and diffusion of the three light sources (①, ②, and ③) by the optical lens of this application is shown below. Figure 18 As shown in ④. From Figure 17 and Figure 18 It is evident that the optical lens according to this application can achieve excellent homogenization and diffusion for both uniform and non-uniform light sources. It can solve and overcome problems such as uneven light emission from different light-emitting points and defects caused by VCSEL light sources due to power supply voltage issues.

[0110] In related technologies, for example Figure 8 The light-emitting homogenizing device shown employs a conventional rotationally symmetric lens, and Figure 11 The light homogenizer shown uses a single-sided microlens, etc., which results in different light emission angles at different locations of the VCSEL light source. If the VCSEL light source has problems such as uneven light emission or bad spots due to power supply issues, it cannot be resolved and will directly lead to uneven light field. Figure 19 The related technologies are shown as follows Figure 8 The light-emitting homogenizing device shown employs a conventional rotationally symmetric lens and Figure 11 The diagram shows the superposition of diffusion angles for uniform and non-uniform light sources using a single-sided microlens or similar light-diffusing sheet. Figure 19The upper part of the image shows the case where the light source is a uniform light source. ①, ②, and ③ represent, for example, the radiation intensity and angle of the light emitted from the top, middle, and bottom of a VCSEL light source, respectively. After passing through a homogenizing device using a conventional rotationally symmetrical lens or a single-sided microlens, the superposition of the light diffusion angle and radiation intensity of these three light sources is as follows: Figure 19 As shown in ④. Figure 19 The lower half of the diagram shows the case where the light source is non-uniform. ①′, ②′, and ③′ represent, for example, the radiation intensity and angle of the light emitted from the top, middle, and bottom of a VCSEL light source, respectively. It can be seen that the radiation intensity gradually decreases from the top to the bottom. After passing through a homogenizing device using a conventional rotationally symmetrical lens or a single-sided microlens, the light diffusion angle and the superposition of the radiation intensity of the three light sources (①′, ②′, and ③′) are as follows: Figure 19 As shown in ④′ in the related technology, it can be seen that for the homogenizing device in the form of a conventional rotationally symmetric lens or a single-sided microlens, when a uniform light source is used, the beam can achieve a flat-top distribution after diffusion, that is, basic homogenization and diffusion can be achieved; however, when a non-uniform light source is used, the beam cannot achieve a flat-top distribution after diffusion through the conventional optical system in the related technology, which means that the conventional optical system in the related technology cannot solve the problem of non-uniform light source.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, if the light-diffusing device is disposed at the outer end of the lens group, such as... Figure 20 As shown, the light homogenizing device g3 is located at the outermost end of the lens group g2. Light emitted from the light source g1 passes through the lens group g2, reaches the light homogenizing device g3, and exits. It is evident that the surface of the microlens structure of this light homogenizing device is highly susceptible to damage, and the overall structural aesthetics are poor. In an exemplary embodiment, if the light homogenizing device is positioned between the lens group and the light source, that is, positioned closest to the light source, such as... Figure 21As shown, the light homogenizing device h2 is located between the light source h1 and the lens group h3. The light emitted from the light source h1 first reaches the light homogenizing device h2, then exits through the light homogenizing device h2 to the lens group h3, and exits again through the lens group h3. In this case, the micropillar lens structure of the light homogenizing device is placed directly in front of the light source, making it impossible to control the angle distribution of the tilted outgoing light field and thus failing to achieve the target function. Therefore, according to the optical lens of the embodiment of this application, by placing the light homogenizing device between the front lens group and the rear lens group, the homogenizing and diffusion effect can be achieved, while also solving the problems of poor reliability and aesthetic impact caused by external microlens arrays. According to the optical lens of the embodiment of this application, the front lens group can protect the light homogenizing device to meet reliability requirements and aesthetic requirements. At the same time, the reasonable placement of the front lens group can also provide more degrees of freedom for the entire system, further diffusing the light after passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device, so that the light achieves a better diffusion angle and uniformity, and better meets the system requirements. Furthermore, the light emitted by the light source first passes through the rear lens group and then reaches the homogenizing device, which is beneficial for controlling the angular distribution of the tilted outgoing light field and can deflect the target light at the target angle.

[0112] like Figure 22 A schematic diagram of an optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. The optical lens may include, for example, a rear lens group 200, a light-diffusing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from a first side to a second side. Exemplarily, a light source 400 may also be provided on the first side of the optical lens.

[0113] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of an optical lens for a lidar transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. The lidar transmitter may include, for example, a light source k1 (e.g., VCSEL), a rear lens group k2, a light homogenizing device k3, and a front lens group k4 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from a first side to a second side.

[0114] The following describes specific embodiments of optical lenses applicable to the above-described embodiments.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] Reference Figure 22 The optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application may include a rear lens group 200, a light homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from a first side to a second side. The optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application can be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens according to this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0117] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle θ1 of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is 40.5°, sinθ1 = 0.6494°; the edge angle θ2 of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is 39.6°, sinθ2 = 0.6374°; the refractive index nd of each microcylindrical lens is 1.8052; the center thickness CT of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is 1.41 mm; and the center-to-center distance Pd between adjacent microcylindrical lenses along the X-axis is 0.78 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 can have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0118] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0119] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.6 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0120] sinθ1 / nd=0.36; sinθ2 / nd=0.353; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.564; Pd / nd=0.432; nd3 / D3=0.124;

[0121] (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.229; CT / nd=0.781; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.723; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.72.

[0122] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 2 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0125] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is θ1 = 48°, sinθ1 = 0.7431°; the edge angle of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is θ2 = 55°, sinθ2 = 0.8191°; the refractive index of each microcylindrical lens is nd = 1.6823°; the center thickness of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is CT = 1.266 mm; and the center distance between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is Pd = 0.74 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0126] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0127] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.8 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0128] sinθ1 / nd=0.442; sinθ2 / nd=0.487; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.539; Pd / nd=0.44; nd3 / D3=0.124;

[0129] (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.362; CT / nd=0.7525; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.7166; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.80.

[0130] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0131] Example 3

[0132] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 3 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0133] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle θ1 of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is 51°, sinθ1 = 0.7771; the edge angle θ2 of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is 55°, sinθ2 = 0.8191; the refractive index nd of each microcylindrical lens is 1.5859; the center thickness CT of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is 1.2 mm; and the center distance Pd between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is 0.72 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0134] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0135] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.8 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0136] sinθ1 / nd=0.49; sinθ2 / nd=0.516; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.598; Pd / nd=0.454; nd3 / D3=0.124;

[0137] (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.4014; CT / nd=0.7567; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.7906; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.80.

[0138] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0139] Example 4

[0140] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 4 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0141] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle θ1 of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is 40.5°, sinθ1 = 0.6494°; the edge angle θ2 of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is 39.6°, sinθ2 = 0.6374°; the refractive index nd of each microcylindrical lens is 1.8052; the center thickness CT of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is 1.41 mm; and the center distance Pd between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is 0.78 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0142] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0143] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.804; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.6 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0144] sinθ1 / nd=0.36; sinθ2 / nd=0.353; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.564; Pd / nd=0.432; nd3 / D3=0.117;

[0145] (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.2293; CT / nd=0.7811; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.7226; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.72.

[0146] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0147] Example 5

[0148] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 5 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the first side to the second side. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0149] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle θ1 of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is 52°, sinθ1 = 0.788°; the edge angle θ2 of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is 62°, sinθ2 = 0.883°; the refractive index nd of each microcylindrical lens is 1.5365; the center thickness CT of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is 1.19 mm; and the center distance Pd between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is 0.72 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0150] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0151] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.8 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0152] sinθ1 / nd=0.513; sinθ2 / nd=0.575; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.581; Pd / nd=0.469;

[0153] nd3 / D3=0.124; (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.4528; CT / nd=0.7745; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.7499; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.80.

[0154] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 is made of plastic, which has advantages such as low cost and high degree of processing freedom. The edge angle of the micropillar lens can be larger, enabling a larger diffusion angle. Through the rational design of the light-diffusing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels in VCSEL light sources. By setting the front lens group 300, the light-diffusing device 100 can be protected to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. Furthermore, the reasonable arrangement of the front lens group 300 can provide more degrees of freedom for the entire system, further diffusing the light after passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, so that the light achieves a better diffusion angle and uniformity, and better meets the system requirements; by controlling the condition d3 / F1=0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 is reasonably reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and is beneficial to achieving overall miniaturization; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV=60° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, and can achieve better detection effect.

[0155] Example 6

[0156] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens according to this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens according to this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0157] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is θ1 = 42°, sinθ1 = 0.669°; the edge angle of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is θ2 = 41°, sinθ2 = 0.656°; the refractive index of each microcylindrical lens is nd = 1.8052; the center thickness of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is CT = 1.592 mm; and the center distance between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is Pd = 0.78 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0158] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0159] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 50° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 12.2 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0160] sinθ1 / nd=0.371; sinθ2 / nd=0.363; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.565; Pd / nd=0.432;

[0161] nd3 / D3=0.124; (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.2431; CT / nd=0.8819; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.6406; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.96.

[0162] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 50° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0163] Example 7

[0164] Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 7 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0165] In this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 also includes a plurality of double-sided micropillar lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle of the first side of each micropillar lens is θ1 = 43°, sinθ1 = 0.682; the edge angle of the second side of each micropillar lens is θ2 = 68°, sinθ2 = 0.927; the refractive index of each micropillar lens is nd = 1.8052; the center thickness of each micropillar lens along the Z-axis is CT = 1.28 mm; and the center distance between adjacent micropillar lenses in the X-axis direction is Pd = 0.78 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0166] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; the front lens group 300 includes a fourth lens L4.

[0167] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 70° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 20.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 12.2 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0168] sinθ1 / nd=0.378; sinθ2 / nd=0.514; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.408; Pd / nd=0.432;

[0169] nd3 / D3=0.124; (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.3502; CT / nd=0.7091; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.5748; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.46; and D / F2=4.96.

[0170] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, through the rational design of the light homogenizing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels existing in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100 to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. At the same time, the rational setting of the front lens group 300 can also provide more... The degree of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, resulting in a better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By controlling the condition d3 / F1 = 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV = 70° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, and can achieve better detection results.

[0171] Example 8

[0172] Reference Figure 24 Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 5, the optical lens of Embodiment 8 of this application may also include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100, and a front lens group 300' arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis. The optical lens of this embodiment can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0173] In this embodiment, the design of the light-diffusing device 100 is the same as that in Embodiment 5, and also includes a plurality of double-sided microcylindrical lenses arranged along the X-axis. The edge angle of the first side of each microcylindrical lens is θ1 = 52°, sinθ1 = 0.788°; the edge angle of the second side of each microcylindrical lens is θ2 = 62°, sinθ2 = 0.883°; the refractive index of each microcylindrical lens is nd = 1.5365; the center thickness of each microcylindrical lens along the Z-axis is CT = 1.19 mm; and the center distance between adjacent microcylindrical lenses in the X-axis direction is Pd = 0.72 mm. The light-diffusing device 100 may also have the structural features and functions of the light-diffusing device according to the embodiments of this application described above.

[0174] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 is configured the same as the rear lens group in embodiment 5, including a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis, wherein the third lens L3 is the lens closest to the light homogenizing device 100; unlike embodiment 5, in this embodiment the front lens group 300' includes a fourth lens L4 and a fifth lens L5 arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis.

[0175] In this embodiment, the refractive index nd3 of the third lens L3 is 1.9104; the distance D3 from the light source 400 to the second side surface of the third lens L3 on the optical axis is 15.4 mm; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 62° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and a maximum diffusion angle HFOV of 95° in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction); the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group 200 is 3 mm; the distance d3 from the second side surface of the third lens L3 to the first side surface of the light homogenizing device 100 on the optical axis is 0.45 mm; the total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens is 2.458 mm; the total system length TTL of the optical lens according to this embodiment in the optical axis direction is 21.8 mm; and the maximum aperture D of the front lens group 300 is 11.5 mm. The optical lens according to this embodiment satisfies the following conditions:

[0176] sinθ1 / nd=0.513; sinθ2 / nd=0.575; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd=0.581; Pd / nd=0.469;

[0177] nd3 / D3=0.124; (sinθ1×sinθ2) / nd=0.4528; CT / nd=0.7745; (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / CT=0.7499; d3 / F1=0.15; F2 / F1=0.819; TTL / F2=8.87; and D / F2=4.68.

[0178] Compared with Example 5, the optical lens according to this embodiment, by reasonably setting the front lens group 300′, can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV of 62° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which is 2° larger than the VFOV of Example 5, thus achieving a larger diffusion angle.

[0179] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, the light-diffusing device 100 is made of plastic, which has advantages such as low cost and high degree of processing freedom. The edge angle of the micropillar lens can be larger, enabling a larger diffusion angle. Through the rational design of the light-diffusing device 100, including the rational setting of the surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each micropillar lens, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving the problems of uneven light emission and dead pixels in VCSEL light sources. By setting the front lens group 300, the light-diffusing device 100 can be protected to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. Furthermore, the reasonable arrangement of the front lens group 300 can provide more degrees of freedom for the entire system, further diffusing the light after passing through the micropillar lens array of the light homogenizing device 100, so that the light achieves a better diffusion angle and uniformity, and better meets the system requirements; by controlling the condition d3 / F1=0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light homogenizing device 100 is reasonably reduced, which is conducive to reducing the diameter of the light homogenizing device and the front port of the lens, and is conducive to achieving overall miniaturization; the optical lens according to this embodiment can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV=62° in the vertical direction (X-axis direction), which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, and can achieve better detection effect.

[0180] Example 9

[0181] Reference Figure 25 Similar to the optical lens structure of Embodiment 1, the optical lens of Embodiment 9 of this application may include a rear lens group 200, a homogenizing device 100″, and a front lens group 300 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the first side to the second side. The optical lens of Embodiment 1 of this application can also be used in a lidar system, which may include, for example, a VCSEL light source 400. The optical lens of this embodiment can be used as a homogenizing device for the VCSEL light source 400.

[0182] In this embodiment, the light homogenizing device 100″ differs from the light homogenizing device in Embodiment 1 in that the light homogenizing device 100″ includes two micropillar lens arrays 100″_1 and 100″_2, wherein each micropillar lens array includes multiple double-sided micropillar lenses arranged along the X-axis direction. The settings of parameters such as the edge angle θ1 of the first side of each micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side, the refractive index nd of each micropillar lens, the center thickness CT of each micropillar lens along the Z-axis direction, and the center distance Pd between adjacent micropillar lenses in the X-axis direction can be the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0183] In this embodiment, the rear lens group 200 and the front lens group 300 can be configured the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0184] According to the optical lens of this embodiment, the microcylindrical lens in the light homogenizing device 100″ adopts a design of two stacked microcylindrical lens arrays, which is beneficial for achieving better same-angle emission of the emitted diffused beam. Through the rational design of parameters such as surface curvature, edge angle, center thickness, and refractive index of each microcylindrical lens in the light homogenizing device 100″, it is possible to control light sources with different incident angles to emit at similar angles and achieve homogenization, thus solving problems such as uneven light emission and dead pixels in VCSEL light sources. The front lens group 300 can protect the light homogenizing device 100″ to meet reliability requirements and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing, meeting appearance requirements. Furthermore, the rational arrangement of the front lens group 300 can also... Providing the entire system with more degrees of freedom allows for further diffusion of light passing through the 100″ micropillar lens array of the light-diffusing device, resulting in better diffusion angle and uniformity, thus better meeting system requirements. By reasonably controlling the value of the conditional expression d3 / F1, for example, equaling 0.15, the distance between the rear lens group 200 and the light-diffusing device 100″ can be reasonably reduced, which helps to reduce the diameter of the light-diffusing device and the front port of the lens, and facilitates overall miniaturization. According to this embodiment, the optical lens can achieve a maximum diffusion angle VFOV in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) within the range of 50°≤VFOV≤70°, for example, VFOV=60°, which can be applied to, for example, vehicle side blind spot radar, to achieve better detection results.

[0185] In another aspect, this application provides a lidar emitting system, which includes an optical lens according to this application and a laser emitting device located on a first side of the optical lens. The light emitted by the laser emitting device is incident on the first side of the optical lens and exits from a second side of the optical lens.

[0186] In an exemplary embodiment, the laser emitting device of the lidar emitting system may include a VCSEL.

[0187] The lidar emitting system according to the embodiments of this application can achieve a more uniform emitted beam and a more uniform beam diffusion, effectively solving problems such as uneven emission field and angle loss caused by uneven light emission and dead pixels due to problems such as power supply in laser emitting devices (e.g., VCSELs). It can meet the requirements of reliability and appearance, and can achieve better beam diffusion angle and uniformity. At the same time, it can also meet the requirements of miniaturization.

[0188] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, The optical lens comprises, sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis: Rear lens group; A light homogenizing device, comprising a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction, each micropillar lens having a first side surface and a second side surface for homogenizing and diffusing light along the optical axis, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis; and Front lens group.

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance d3 between the rear lens group and the light-diffusing device on the optical axis and the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group satisfy: d3 / F1≤0.

3.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum diffusion angle VFOV of the light emitted from the second side of the optical lens in the first direction satisfies: VFOV≤70°.

4. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total effective focal length F2 of the optical lens and the effective focal length F1 of the rear lens group satisfy: F2 / F1≤1.

5. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens satisfy: sinθ1 / nd≥0.

25.

6. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens satisfy: sinθ2 / nd≥0.

25.

7. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge angle θ1 of the first side of the micropillar lens, the edge angle θ2 of the second side of the micropillar lens, and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens satisfy the following: (sinθ1 / sinθ2) / nd≥0.

3.

8. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center distance Pd between any two adjacent micropillar lenses in the first direction and the refractive index nd of the micropillar lens satisfy: Pd / nd≤0.

7.

9. A lidar transmitting system, characterized in that, include: The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-8, and A laser emitting device is located on the first side of the optical lens, and the light emitted by the laser emitting device passes through the optical lens and exits from the second side.

10. A light-shielding device for an optical lens, characterized in that, The light homogenizing device includes a plurality of micropillar lenses arranged along a first direction, each micropillar lens having a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other in its optical axis direction; both the first side and the second side homogenize and diffuse the light passing through; the first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the micropillar lens.

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