Rotor, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor, a motor and a vehicle, the rotor comprises a support, magnets and a magnetic conductive ring, the magnets comprise a first type of magnets and a second type of magnets, the magnetic conductive ring is connected to the support, and the first type of magnets and the second type of magnets are alternately arranged on the radial outer side of the magnetic conductive ring in the circumferential direction of the magnetic conductive ring; wherein the magnetization directions of the two first-class magnets adjacent to the second-class magnets are opposite, the magnetization directions of the two second-class magnets adjacent to the first-class magnets are opposite, and the magnetization directions of the first-class magnets are perpendicular to the magnetization directions of the second-class magnets. According to the technical scheme, the magnets can form a Halbach array, eddy current loss in the magnets can be reduced, a magnetic field is mainly concentrated on the radial outer side of the magnets, a small part of the magnetic field is located on the radial inner side of the magnets, the inner side magnetic field can form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conducting ring, energy loss of the magnetic field is reduced, and motor efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a rotor, an electric motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, hub motors can directly drive wheels, but the magnetic field energy loss of the motor rotor is also relatively high, and the efficiency of the motor still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a rotor, motor, and vehicle that can improve the efficiency of the motor, thereby at least partially solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this disclosure, a rotor is provided, comprising: support; Magnets, including Class I magnets and Class II magnets; A magnetic ring is connected to the bracket, and the first type of magnet and the second type of magnet are alternately arranged on the radial outer side of the magnetic ring along the circumference of the magnetic ring; Wherein, the magnetization directions of the two first-type magnets adjacent to the second-type magnet are opposite, the magnetization directions of the two second-type magnets adjacent to the first-type magnet are opposite, and the magnetization directions of the first-type magnet and the second-type magnet are perpendicular.

[0005] Through the above technical solution, the magnet can form a Halbach array, which can reduce eddy current losses inside the magnet. At the same time, the magnetic guide ring is set on the radial inner side of the magnet, so that the magnetic field is mainly concentrated on the radial outer side of the magnet, and a small part of the magnetic field is on the radial inner side of the magnet. The inner magnetic field can form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic guide ring, which can enhance the magnetic flux density, stability and uniformity of the radial outer magnetic field of the magnet. Thus, by forming a closed magnetic circuit through the inner magnetic field of the magnet, the magnetic field on the outer side of the magnet is enhanced, which can reduce magnetic field energy loss and improve motor efficiency.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the magnetic ring comprises a plurality of stacked sheet conductors, or the magnetic ring is constructed as a one-piece ring conductor.

[0007] This can reduce eddy current losses to some extent. Alternatively, the one-piece molding manufacturing process is simpler, allowing the magnetic ring to be made of materials with better magnetic permeability but which are not easy to process.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the magnetic ring is made of an iron-nickel alloy or an iron-cobalt alloy, or the magnetic ring comprises a plurality of silicon steel sheets stacked together along the axial direction.

[0009] In this way, the magnetic ring has better magnetic permeability, or reduces iron loss and hysteresis loss, and has more uniform magnetic properties in all directions.

[0010] In some possible implementations, adjacent first-type magnets and second-type magnets are bonded together with magnetic adhesive; and / or, The magnet is bonded to the magnetic ring with magnetic adhesive.

[0011] This enables bonding between magnets and optimization of the magnetic circuit, reduces the need for fixing mechanical structural components, simplifies structural design and assembly processes, reduces rotor weight, and also provides sealing and protection.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the support structure is constructed as a non-magnetic structure.

[0013] This reduces magnetic leakage on the radially inner side of the magnet and increases the magnetic flux density on the radially outer side of the magnet, i.e., the air gap side of the motor, thus enabling the motor to have a high torque density. Furthermore, it reduces rotor eddy current losses and controls rotor temperature rise.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the support is made of one of titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and magnesium-aluminum alloy.

[0015] Thus, the aforementioned alloy material possesses high strength and low density, enabling lightweight support and reducing the overall weight of the rotor. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent heat dissipation properties, thereby improving motor performance and efficiency.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the rotor further includes a first baffle and a second baffle arranged axially spaced on both sides of the magnet, the first baffle and the second baffle being adapted to limit the magnet.

[0017] This reduces the possibility of axial movement of the magnet, ensuring the stability of the magnetic field and the working stability of the rotor and motor.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the first baffle and / or the second baffle are made of a non-magnetic material.

[0019] This reduces the impact on the radial outer magnetic field of the magnet.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the material of the first baffle and / or the second baffle includes one of titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and magnesium-aluminum alloy.

[0021] This allows for lightweight design, reducing the overall weight of the rotor, and also provides excellent heat dissipation.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the magnetic ring is sleeved on the bracket and located between the first and second baffles.

[0023] In this way, it can be used to position the magnetic ring during assembly and to protect the magnetic ring during use.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the rotor further includes a protective sleeve that is fitted over the magnet and located between the first baffle and the second baffle.

[0025] This strengthens the fixation of the magnet and reduces the possibility of rotor failure.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the rotor further includes weight-reducing holes formed in the support.

[0027] In this way, while ensuring the overall strength and rigidity of the support and rotor, redundant materials are removed to the maximum extent to achieve the effect of rotor weight reduction, effectively saving raw material costs.

[0028] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an electric motor is provided, including a shaft and the rotor described above, the rotor being connected to the shaft.

[0029] In this way, the motor achieves both higher efficiency output and lighter weight, resulting in better performance.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the motor includes a hub motor.

[0031] In this way, the hub motor can directly drive the vehicle wheels to rotate, improving transmission efficiency and reducing mechanical losses.

[0032] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the aforementioned motor.

[0033] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotor assembled on the shaft according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembled on the shaft according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the first baffle and the protective sleeve are not shown; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnet connected to a magnetic ring according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a rotor assembled on a rotating shaft according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the magnetic ring includes a plurality of silicon steel sheets stacked along the axial direction.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 10. Rotor; 20. Shaft; 201. Flange; 1. Bracket; 2. Magnet; 21. Type I magnet; 22. Type II magnet; 3. Magnetic ring; 4. Weight reduction hole; 5. First baffle; 6. Second baffle; 7. Protective sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0037] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "inner" and "outer" refer to the interior and exterior of the outline of the corresponding component; "far" and "near" refer to the distance of the corresponding component relative to another component in terms of spatial position. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance. When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0038] In related technologies, hub motors can directly drive wheels. However, the inventors discovered that the magnetic field energy loss of the motor rotor is relatively high, and the motor's efficiency still needs improvement. Furthermore, the rotor's weight needs to be optimized to achieve a lighter motor, realizing a combination of higher efficiency output and a lighter weight.

[0039] Based on this, and in accordance with the first aspect of this disclosure, reference is made to... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this disclosure provides a rotor 10, including a support 1, a magnet 2, and a magnetic ring 3. The magnet 2 includes a first type of magnet 21 and a second type of magnet 22. The magnetic ring 3 is connected to the support 1. The first type of magnet 21 and the second type of magnet 22 are alternately arranged radially outside the magnetic ring 3 along its circumference. The magnetization directions of two first type of magnets 21 adjacent to a second type of magnet 22 are opposite, and the magnetization directions of two second type of magnets 22 adjacent to a first type of magnet 21 are opposite. The magnetization directions of the first type of magnet 21 and the second type of magnet 22 are perpendicular.

[0040] In this configuration, the magnetization direction of the first type of magnet 21 is radial, and the magnetization direction of the second type of magnet 22 is circumferential. For example, the magnetization direction of one first type of magnet 21 is radially inward, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent second type of magnets 22 are both circumferential but opposite. The magnetization directions of the other two first type of magnets 21 adjacent to the two second type of magnets 22 are the same, both radially outward.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, magnet 2 can form a Halbach array, which can reduce the eddy current loss inside magnet 2. At the same time, the magnetic ring 3 is set on the radial inner side of magnet 2, so that the magnetic field is mainly concentrated on the radial outer side of magnet 2, and a small part of the magnetic field is on the radial inner side of magnet 2. The inner magnetic field can form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic ring 3, which can enhance the magnetic flux density, stability and uniformity of the radial outer magnetic field of magnet 2. Thus, by forming a closed magnetic circuit through the inner magnetic field of magnet 2, the magnetic field on the outer side of magnet 2 is enhanced, which can reduce magnetic field energy loss and improve motor efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, the magnets 2 form a Halbach array, which reduces the number of magnets 2 required for the same torque density, thereby reducing the overall weight of the rotor 10. In some exemplary applications, the rotor 10 can be used in a radial motor, with the stator located radially outside the rotor 10 and the radially outside of the magnets 2 forming the working air gap side of the motor, achieving a combination of higher efficiency output and lighter weight. The number of magnets 2 can be adaptively set according to actual needs, and this disclosure does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0043] It is understood that the magnetic ring 3 can be constructed in any suitable structural form and made of different materials. The magnetic ring 3 can be fitted onto the radially outer side of the bracket 1, positioned between the bracket 1 and the magnet 2. In some possible embodiments, refer to... Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic ring 3 can be constructed as a one-piece molded ring conductor. This one-piece molding process is simpler, allowing the magnetic ring 3 to be made of materials with better magnetic permeability but which are not easy to process. For example, the material of the magnetic ring 3 can be an iron-nickel alloy or an iron-cobalt alloy. Iron-nickel alloy has high magnetic permeability, and iron-cobalt alloy has high saturation magnetic induction intensity. This disclosure is not limited to these.

[0044] In other possible implementations, the magnetic ring 3 may include multiple stacked sheet conductors, thereby reducing eddy current losses. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic ring 3 may include multiple silicon steel sheets stacked along the axial direction to reduce iron loss and hysteresis loss, and to achieve more uniform magnetic properties in all directions.

[0045] In some possible implementations, adjacent first-type magnets 21 and second-type magnets 22 can be bonded together with magnetic adhesive, thereby achieving bonding between the magnets 2 and optimizing the magnetic circuit. The magnetic adhesive, after curing, has high permeability and can become part of the magnetic circuit between the magnets 2, reducing magnetic reluctance and increasing air gap flux density, thus improving the motor's torque and power density and enhancing motor performance. Furthermore, it can reduce eddy current losses, decrease rotor heating, and further reduce temperature rise to improve motor efficiency.

[0046] Similarly, the magnet 2 can also be bonded to the magnetic ring 3 with magnetic adhesive, which can reduce the fixing of mechanical structural components, simplify the structural design and assembly process, reduce the weight of the rotor 10, and at the same time have the functions of sealing and protection.

[0047] For example, the magnetic adhesive can be a high-performance polymer matrix in which soft magnetic filler is uniformly filled. The matrix can be epoxy resin, acrylate or silicone, etc., and the soft magnetic filler can be iron powder or iron alloy powder, etc. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the support 1 can be constructed as a non-magnetic structure, which can reduce the leakage flux on the radially inner side of the magnet 2 and enhance the magnetic flux density on the radially outer side of the magnet 2, i.e., the air gap side of the motor, thereby enabling the motor to have a high torque density. Furthermore, it can reduce eddy current losses in the rotor 10 and control the temperature rise of the rotor 10.

[0049] For example, the material of the bracket 1 may include one of titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and magnesium-aluminum alloy. It is understood that the above alloy materials have high strength and low density, enabling the bracket 1 to be lightweight and reducing the overall weight of the rotor 10. Furthermore, they also have good heat dissipation performance to improve the performance and efficiency of the motor.

[0050] It is understandable that, in order to further reduce the weight of the rotor 10, weight reduction holes 4 can be formed on the support 1. By designing and simulating the position, shape and size of the weight reduction holes 4, they can be arranged in the area where the stress on the support 1 is low. While ensuring the overall strength and rigidity of the support 1 and the rotor 10, redundant materials can be removed to the maximum extent to achieve the effect of reducing the weight of the rotor 10, effectively saving raw material costs.

[0051] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1As shown, the rotor 10 may further include a first baffle 5 and a second baffle 6 arranged axially on both sides of the magnet 2. The first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 are adapted to limit the magnet 2, thereby reducing the possibility of axial movement of the magnet 2, ensuring the stability of the magnetic field, and the working stability of the rotor 10 and the motor. The radial dimensions of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 are larger than those of the bracket 1, causing parts of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 to protrude beyond the outer side of the bracket 1. This creates an installation space between the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 for assembling the magnet 2, which can be used for positioning the magnet 2 during assembly and for protecting the magnet 2 during use.

[0052] Understandably, the magnetic ring 3 is sleeved on the radial outer side of the bracket 1 and is also located between the first retaining plate 5 and the second retaining plate 6. For example, the magnetic ring 3 can be interference-fitted with the bracket 1, which can also improve the strength of the bracket 1. During the assembly process, one of the first retaining plate 5 and the second retaining plate 6 can be connected to the bracket 1 and then used as a positioning reference to assemble the magnetic ring 3 and the magnet 2. Then, the other of the first retaining plate 5 and the second retaining plate 6 can be connected to the bracket 1 to axially limit the magnetic ring 3 and the magnet 2.

[0053] For example, the first retaining plate 5 and the second retaining plate 6 can be connected to the bracket 1 by a threaded locking engagement of bolts and nuts. Alternatively, the first retaining plate 5 and the second retaining plate 6 can be connected to the bracket 1 by means of adhesive bonding or snap-fitting.

[0054] In some possible implementations, at least one of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 may be made of a non-magnetic material to reduce the influence on the radially outer magnetic field of the magnet 2. Exemplarily, the material of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 may be the same as that of the support 1. For example, at least one of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 may be made of titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or magnesium-aluminum alloy to achieve weight reduction, thereby reducing the total weight of the rotor 10. Furthermore, the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 may be constructed in a ring shape to reduce their own weight.

[0055] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the rotor 10 also includes a protective sleeve 7, which is fitted over the magnet 2 and located between the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6. This strengthens the fixation of the magnet 2 and reduces the possibility of rotor 10 failure due to large centrifugal force under high-temperature conditions or high-speed rotation. For example, the protective sleeve 7 can be made of carbon fiber and is wound and fixed to the radial outer side of the magnet 2.

[0056] It is understandable that after the assembly of the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 is completed, a groove can be formed between the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6 for winding the carbon fiber protective sleeve 7, and the carbon fiber protective sleeve 7 is positioned on the radial outer side of the magnet 2 by the first baffle 5 and the second baffle 6.

[0057] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an electric motor is provided, including a shaft 20 and the aforementioned rotor 10, wherein the rotor 10 is connected to the shaft 20. It is understood that this motor achieves a combination of higher efficiency output and lighter weight, exhibiting superior performance. Exemplarily, the rotor 10 and shaft 20 can be connected via a flange 201. For example, the flange 201 can be interference-fitted with the shaft 20 to fit onto it, and then a bracket 1 is connected to the flange 201 via bolts to assemble the rotor 10 and shaft 20.

[0058] In some possible implementations, the motor may include a hub motor. Exemplarily, the hub motor is directly integrated into the wheel to directly drive its rotation, eliminating the need for components such as gears and drive shafts during transmission, thus improving transmission efficiency and reducing mechanical losses. Exemplarily, the rotor 10 of the hub motor is typically directly connected to the wheel hub. When the stator is energized, the rotor 10 drives the wheel hub to rotate, thereby driving the vehicle. Furthermore, the rotor 10 can be connected to the axle via a planetary gear system, enabling the recovery of braking energy.

[0059] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the aforementioned electric motor. The vehicle possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned electric motor, which will not be elaborated further herein. It is understood that the vehicle may be a new energy vehicle, a fuel-powered vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle, and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0061] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0062] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A rotor, characterized in that, include: support; Magnets, including Class I magnets and Class II magnets; A magnetic ring is connected to the bracket, and the first type of magnet and the second type of magnet are alternately arranged on the radial outer side of the magnetic ring along the circumference of the magnetic ring; Wherein, the magnetization directions of the two first-type magnets adjacent to the second-type magnet are opposite, the magnetization directions of the two second-type magnets adjacent to the first-type magnet are opposite, and the magnetization directions of the first-type magnet and the second-type magnet are perpendicular.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic ring comprises multiple stacked sheet conductors, or the magnetic ring is constructed as a one-piece formed ring conductor.

3. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic ring is made of iron-nickel alloy or iron-cobalt alloy, or the magnetic ring comprises a plurality of silicon steel sheets stacked together along the axial direction.

4. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjacent first-type magnets and second-type magnets are bonded together with magnetic adhesive; and / or, The magnet is bonded to the magnetic ring with magnetic adhesive.

5. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure is non-magnetic.

6. The rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support is made of one of the following materials: titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and magnesium-aluminum alloy.

7. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor further includes a first baffle and a second baffle arranged axially at intervals on both sides of the magnet, the first baffle and the second baffle being adapted to limit the magnet.

8. The rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first baffle and / or the second baffle are made of non-magnetic material.

9. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the first baffle and / or the second baffle includes one of titanium alloy, zinc alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and magnesium-aluminum alloy.

10. The rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The magnetic ring is sleeved on the bracket and located between the first and second baffles.

11. The rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotor also includes a protective sleeve, which is fitted over the magnet and located between the first baffle and the second baffle.

12. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor also includes weight-reducing holes formed in the support.

13. An electric motor, characterized in that, It includes a rotating shaft and a rotor as described in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the rotor is connected to the rotating shaft.

14. The motor according to claim 13, characterized in that, The motor includes a hub motor.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor described in claim 13 or 14.

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