Emergency air conditioning system and method for electronic equipment rooms of compressed air based power plants

Abstract

The application discloses an emergency air conditioning system and method for electronic equipment rooms of a compressed air-based power station, which comprises a cold storage and supply module, a vortex tube cold supply module and a turbo expander cold supply module. The system uses compressed air in a power station gas storage device as an emergency energy source, and forms multiple redundant cold supply paths through four modes of cold storage tank pre-storage of cold energy, vortex tube combined heat and power, turbo expander combined heat and power and semiconductor refrigeration local temperature control, realizes precise temperature control combining the global and the local, and integrates solution dehumidification and membrane separation oxygen removal units to simultaneously guarantee constant temperature, constant humidity, constant oxygen and micro-positive pressure environment requirements by using waste heat. The system realizes self-sufficient and efficient cascade utilization of energy, has modular expansion and graded response ability based on air pressure, is beneficial to emergency environment guarantee for electronic equipment rooms under the condition of power failure of the whole plant, and has the characteristics of high reliability, high energy efficiency and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of environmental control technology for compressed air energy storage power plants, and in particular to an emergency air conditioning system and method for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a large-scale, long-duration physical energy storage technology that plays a vital role in peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid and promoting the consumption of renewable energy. The core equipment of a CAES power plant includes an air compression unit, an air storage device (such as a salt cavern or storage tank), and an expansion power generation unit.

[0003] The electronic equipment room (or distribution room or control room) that controls the entire power plant is the control center of the plant. It houses sophisticated and critical electrical equipment that generates a significant amount of heat during operation, requiring extremely strict control over temperature, humidity, and cleanliness. Excessive ambient temperature can lead to component performance degradation, malfunctions, or even permanent damage, causing unplanned outages of the entire CAES power plant, resulting in substantial economic losses and grid operational risks. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate various environmental parameters in the electronic equipment room of the CAES power plant to maintain them within a suitable operating range.

[0004] In related technologies, the adjustment of environmental parameters between electronic devices in a CAES power station typically employs traditional comfort air conditioning or precision air conditioning systems for temperature and humidity control. However, the core components of these air conditioning systems, such as compressors and fans, are entirely dependent on mains power. When the power station experiences a complete power outage due to grid failure, internal electrical accidents, or other emergencies, the conventional air conditioning system will be completely paralyzed and lose its regulatory capabilities.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve combined cooling and power supply between electronic equipment in a CAES power station to provide environmental protection in the absence of external power has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to at least partially solve one of the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] Therefore, the first objective of this application is to propose an emergency air conditioning system for the electronic equipment rooms of a power plant based on compressed air. This system utilizes the power plant's existing compressed air, coupling it with a dual-path parallel emergency cooling system using a cold storage system. Each cooling method is modularly used, enabling flexible parallel expansion through emergency modularity. The system combines four cooling methods—cold storage cooling, vortex tube cooling, turbine expander cooling, and semiconductor refrigeration—to achieve precise, multi-directional cooling from both global and local perspectives, addressing the emergency air conditioning needs of the power plant's electronic equipment rooms using only the existing compressed air from the CAES power plant. This system can provide rapid and reliable cooling for the electronic equipment rooms in the event of a complete power outage, without relying on an external power grid, utilizing the power plant's own inherent energy. This prevents critical equipment from being damaged by overheating, ensuring the preservation of the power plant's core control functions and buying time for system recovery.

[0008] The second objective of this application is to propose an emergency air conditioning method for the electronic equipment room in a power plant based on compressed air.

[0009] The third objective of this application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes an emergency air conditioning system for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air, comprising: a cold storage and cooling module, a compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module, an environmental parameter control unit, a sensing and control unit, and a control unit. The compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module includes a vortex tube cooling module and a turbine expander cooling module; wherein...

[0011] The cold storage and cooling module includes a cold storage tank, a chiller unit, a cold storage water pump, a secondary pump, a cold storage side heat exchanger, and related pipelines and valves. In the cold storage state, the cold storage tank forms a circulation with the chiller unit through a first cold storage flow regulating valve, the cold storage water pump, and the cold storage unit. In the cold release state, the cold storage tank forms a circulation with the cold storage side heat exchanger through a first module cooling secondary valve, the secondary pump, and the cold storage side heat exchanger.

[0012] The vortex tube cooling module includes a second module compressed air source, a second module compressed air flow regulating valve, a vortex tube, a thermoelectric module, a second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The cold flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and the hot flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric module. The output end of the thermoelectric module is connected to an energy storage device via the second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter.

[0013] The turbo expander cooling module includes a third module compressed air source, a third module compressed air flow regulating valve, a turbo expander, a generator, a third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. One end of the turbo expander is connected to the generator, and the other end of the turbo expander is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The output end of the generator is connected to the semiconductor refrigeration module and the sensing and control unit respectively through the third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter.

[0014] The environmental parameter control unit includes a lithium chloride solution dehumidifier, a membrane separation deoxygenator, and related gas-to-gas heat exchangers. The lithium chloride solution dehumidifier and the membrane separation deoxygenator are connected to the waste heat end of the thermoelectric module through a dehumidifying gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a deoxygenating gas-to-gas heat exchanger.

[0015] The sensing and control unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, and an oxygen sensor. The air valves and flow regulating valves of each module are linked with the sensing and control unit via signals.

[0016] The control unit is used to monitor the power supply status between electronic devices, the cooling capacity of the cold storage and cooling module, and the cooling demand between electronic devices in real time, and to control the cold storage and cooling module and the compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module to couple and cool the electronic devices according to the real-time monitoring results.

[0017] In addition, the emergency air conditioning system for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air according to the embodiments of this application also has the following additional technical features:

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cold storage tank is provided with an outer protective layer, a structural layer, a heat insulation layer and an anti-corrosion layer from the outside to the inside, and a flow equalization plate is provided at the top and bottom of the tank, and a water distributor is provided on the outside of the flow equalization plate.

[0019] Optionally, in some embodiments, the gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the vortex tube cooling module includes a second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the cold flow end of the vortex tube and the second module first return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module first supply air regulating valve and the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module second return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module second supply air regulating valve and the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0020] Optionally, in some embodiments, the gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the turbine expander cooling module includes a third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the turbine expander and the third module first return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module first supply air regulating valve and the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module second return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module second supply air regulating valve and the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0021] Optionally, in some embodiments, the energy storage device is used to store the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module; the thermoelectric module is made of bismuth telluride and bismuth telluride alloy materials.

[0022] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cold storage and cooling module, the vortex tube cooling module, and the turbine expander cooling module are designed as standard container units that can be connected and expanded in parallel; the semiconductor refrigeration module is located in the cabinet of the electronic equipment room, and the semiconductor refrigeration module is used to generate local low temperature zones.

[0023] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cold storage and cooling module is specifically used for: when the cold storage tank is in a cold storage state, introducing low-temperature chilled water produced by the chiller unit through the water distributor at the bottom of the cold storage tank, and discharging the hot water in the cold storage tank from the top to the chiller unit; when the cold storage tank is in a cold release state, using the low-temperature chilled water at the bottom of the cold storage tank to supply cooling to the electronic equipment room through the cold storage side heat exchanger, wherein the heated return water returns from the water distributor at the top of the cold storage tank.

[0024] Optionally, in some embodiments, the vortex tube includes: a nozzle, a vortex chamber, an orifice plate, and a control valve; wherein,

[0025] The vortex chamber is used to rotate the high-pressure air injected from the nozzle at high speed to generate a free vortex; the control valve is used to expel hot air and regulate the ratio and temperature of hot and cold airflows; the orifice plate is used to guide the cold airflow based on the energy separation effect.

[0026] Optionally, in some embodiments, the lithium chloride solution dehumidifier is specifically used to achieve air moisture absorption and solution regeneration through changes in solution concentration; the membrane separation deoxygenator is specifically used to utilize waste heat for oxygen-enriched and cold air mixing treatment.

[0027] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application proposes an emergency air conditioning method for a power plant electronic equipment room based on compressed air, applied to the emergency air conditioning system for a power plant electronic equipment room based on compressed air described in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0028] Determine whether the power supply status of the cooling equipment between electronic devices is normal, and if normal, assist the chiller unit in providing cooling through the cold storage cooling module;

[0029] In case of abnormal conditions, the power outage emergency mode is activated, and the vortex tube cooling module and the turbine expander cooling module are introduced to assist the cold storage cooling module in providing cooling.

[0030] Determine whether the current cooling method meets the cooling needs between the electronic devices. If not, add one of the vortex tube cooling modules or turbine expander cooling modules, and repeat the cooling demand detection and addition of cooling modules until the cooling needs between the electronic devices are met.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the emergency air conditioning method for power plant electronic equipment rooms based on compressed air as described in the second aspect of the application.

[0032] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] First, this application achieves high-efficiency and multi-stage energy utilization. By using the high-pressure air of the compressed air energy storage system as an emergency cold source and power source, it achieves energy self-sufficiency and cascaded high-efficiency utilization. Through vortex tube cogeneration (including refrigeration, thermoelectric power generation, and driving dehumidification / deoxygenation) and turbine expander cogeneration (including refrigeration and power generation), the potential of a single air source is maximized, significantly improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the entire system and overcoming the drawbacks of traditional emergency systems that simply consume stored energy.

[0034] Second, this application achieves diversified cooling modes and significantly enhanced reliability. It provides three independent emergency cooling paths: cold storage tank cooling, vortex tube refrigeration, and turbine expander refrigeration, and introduces semiconductor refrigeration as a fourth layer of protection for precise local temperature control. This multi-redundancy design constitutes a reliable emergency temperature control system, avoiding the risk of overheating and paralysis of electronic equipment due to a single system failure, thus improving system reliability and safety.

[0035] Third, this application features intelligent and modular emergency response capabilities, employing a tiered response strategy based on gas pressure reserves. It can intelligently make decisions according to the pressure level of the gas storage tanks, smoothly transitioning from "full-load cooling and power generation" to "ensuring core areas," achieving precise allocation of emergency resources and maximum endurance. Simultaneously, the core cooling unit adopts a standardized container design, supporting parallel expansion, allowing the system capacity to be flexibly configured according to the scale of electronic equipment, combining deployment flexibility with strong scalability.

[0036] Fourth, this application features precise and integrated control of temperature, humidity, and oxygen environments. It breaks through the limitations of traditional emergency systems that only focus on temperature. By integrating lithium chloride solution dehumidification and membrane separation oxygen enrichment technologies, and utilizing the waste heat generated by the system as a driving energy source, it simultaneously achieves the stringent environmental requirements of constant temperature, humidity, oxygen, and pressure (slight positive pressure) between electronic devices under extreme conditions, providing comprehensive and integrated top-level protection for precision electronic equipment.

[0037] Fifth, this application maximizes both operational economics and social benefits. During non-emergency periods, the water-based cooling system utilizes the peak-valley electricity price difference in the power grid to implement "peak shaving and valley filling," significantly reducing daily operating electricity costs. Its "free cooling" model further taps into energy-saving potential. This not only improves the economic efficiency of system operation but also alleviates peak-hour pressure on the power grid through peak shaving and valley filling, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of social power generation, transmission, and distribution facilities.

[0038] Therefore, this application not only solves the emergency survival problem of electronic equipment in the event of a complete power outage in a CAES power plant, but also has multiple advantages such as efficient energy utilization, doubled system reliability, precise and intelligent control, and flexible and economical deployment, thereby improving the safety, reliability and economy of emergency air conditioning between electronic equipment.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency air conditioning system for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air, as proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an emergency air conditioning method for an electronic equipment room in a power plant based on compressed air, as proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific emergency air conditioning process for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air, as proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a cold storage tank according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction during the cold storage stage of a module 1 cold storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction during the cold release stage of a module 1 cold storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a eddy current tube combined cooling and power supply for module #2 according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a combined cooling and power supply for a #3 module turboexpander according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a vortex tube according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a thermoelectric module thermoelectric power generation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a semiconductor cooling module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the waste heat utilization process of a lithium chloride solution dehumidifier and a membrane separation deoxygenator proposed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0054] It should be noted that, to prevent the conventional air conditioning system from completely collapsing and losing its regulating capacity in the event of a power outage due to a fault, the key power stations in the relevant embodiments are equipped with uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and diesel generators as backup power sources. However, UPS can only provide power for short periods and is insufficient to support long-term (e.g., several hours) air conditioning loads; while diesel generators have issues such as start-up delays, fuel storage, regular maintenance, environmental pollution, and prohibition of use in certain situations (e.g., underground power stations), resulting in lower reliability. Furthermore, the CAES power station itself is a large energy warehouse, and its stored high-pressure air is a unique and reliable emergency energy source for this power station. The relevant embodiments failed to effectively integrate this high-quality emergency energy source with the environmental safety requirements of the equipment, leading to resource waste.

[0055] To address this, this application proposes an emergency air conditioning system and method for the electronic equipment room in a power plant based on compressed air. This system achieves energy self-sufficiency and efficient cascade utilization, and possesses modular expansion and pressure-based graded response capabilities, thus solving the problem of emergency environmental protection for the electronic equipment room in the event of a complete power outage.

[0056] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an emergency air conditioning system and method for a power plant electronic equipment room based on compressed air, according to embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency air conditioning system for an electronic equipment room in a power plant based on compressed air, as proposed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a cold storage and cooling module 10, a compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module, an environmental parameter control unit, a sensing and control unit, and a control unit. The compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module includes a vortex tube cooling module 20 and a turbine expander cooling module 30.

[0058] The cold storage and cooling module 10 includes a cold storage tank 2-1, a chiller unit 2-2, a cold storage water pump, a secondary pump, a cold storage side heat exchanger, and related pipelines and valves. In the cold storage state, the cold storage tank 2-1 forms a circulation with the chiller unit 2-2 through the first cold storage flow regulating valve and the cold storage water pump. In the cold release state, the cold storage tank 2-1 forms a circulation with the cold storage side heat exchanger through the first module cooling secondary valve and the secondary pump.

[0059] The vortex tube cooling module 20 includes a second module compressed air source 2-3, a second module compressed air flow regulating valve, a vortex tube 2-4, a thermoelectric module 2-5, a second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The cold flow end of the vortex tube 2-4 is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and the hot flow end of the vortex tube 2-4 is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric module 2-5. The output end of the thermoelectric module 2-5 is connected to the energy storage device 2-6 via the second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter.

[0060] The turbine expander cooling module 30 includes a third module compressed air source 2-13, a third module compressed air flow regulating valve, a turbine expander 2-14, a generator 2-15, a third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. One end of the turbine expander 2-14 is connected to the generator 2-15, and the other end of the turbine expander 2-14 is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The output end of the generator 2-15 is connected to the semiconductor cooling module 2-12 and the sensing and control unit respectively through the third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter.

[0061] The environmental parameter control unit includes a lithium chloride solution dehumidifier, a membrane separation deoxygenator, and related gas-to-gas heat exchangers. The lithium chloride solution dehumidifier and the membrane separation deoxygenator are connected to the waste heat end of the thermoelectric module 2-5 through the dehumidified gas-to-gas heat exchanger and the deoxygenated gas-to-gas heat exchanger.

[0062] The sensing and control unit includes a temperature sensor 2-7, a pressure sensor 2-8, a humidity sensor 2-9, and an oxygen sensor 2-10. The air valves and flow regulating valves of each module are linked with the sensing and control unit via signals.

[0063] The control unit is used to monitor the power supply status between electronic devices, the cooling capacity of the cold storage and cooling module 10, and the cooling demand between electronic devices in real time, and to control the cold storage and cooling module 10 and the compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module to couple and cool the electronic devices according to the real-time monitoring results.

[0064] It should be noted that this application designates the cold storage and cooling module 10 as the first module (i.e., Figure 1 As shown in Module 1), the vortex tube cooling module 20 is used as the second module (i.e. Figure 1 As shown in module #2), the turbine expander cooling module 30 is used as the third module (i.e. Figure 1 (Module #3 shown in the diagram), which will be used as the basis for the simplified description in the following application. The control unit can communicate with the above modules and units via wired or wireless means to send relevant control commands according to the actual situation and control the modules and units to perform emergency air conditioning.

[0065] in, Figure 1 The main equipment shown constitutes four independent, parallel-expandable modules. In emergency situations without external power, the cold storage tank provides stored cooling capacity, while compressed air provides high-pressure energy and high internal energy to drive the vortex tube refrigeration and turbine expander for expansion and cooling, supplying cooling to the large space within the electronic equipment room and providing localized cooling for critical equipment using semiconductor refrigeration. The turbine expander drives a generator to produce electricity, providing power from three sources. The heat generated by the vortex tube is used for thermoelectric power generation by the thermoelectric module, and the electricity is stored in an energy storage device.

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the specific implementation process of the control unit of this application controlling the cold storage and cooling module and the compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module for coupled cooling to achieve emergency air conditioning, a detailed description of an emergency air conditioning method for a power plant electronic equipment room based on compressed air, as proposed in the second aspect embodiment of this application, is provided below. This method is applied to the compressed air-based emergency air conditioning system for a power plant electronic equipment room in the above embodiments, that is, controlling the relevant system equipment in the above embodiments to implement the method of this embodiment. The various devices involved in this method are as described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. The executing entity of this method can be the control unit in the above system.

[0067] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an emergency air conditioning method for an electronic equipment room in a power plant based on compressed air, as proposed in this application, is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0068] Step S101: Determine whether the power supply status of the cooling equipment between electronic devices is normal, and if normal, assist the chiller unit in providing cooling through the cold storage cooling module.

[0069] Step S102: In case of abnormal conditions, activate the power failure emergency mode and introduce the vortex tube cooling module and the turbine expander cooling module to assist the cold storage cooling module for cooling.

[0070] Step S103: Determine whether the current cooling method meets the cooling needs between electronic devices. If not, add a vortex tube cooling module or a turbine expander cooling module, and cycle through cooling demand detection and adding cooling modules until the cooling needs between electronic devices are met.

[0071] Specifically, the execution flow of the emergency air conditioning method in this embodiment can be as follows: Figure 3 As shown. That is, first determine whether the cooling equipment in the electronic equipment room is powered normally. If the cooling equipment in the electronic equipment room is powered normally, then continue to determine whether the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module 1 is sufficient. If the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module 1 is sufficient, then the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment is used to provide cooling for the large space of the auxiliary chiller unit in the electronic equipment room; if the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module 1 is insufficient, then the chiller unit provides cooling alone.

[0072] In another scenario, if the cooling equipment in the electronic equipment room is not powered, the emergency power outage plan will be activated immediately, connecting modules #2 and #3. Then, it will be determined whether the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module #1 is sufficient. If the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module #1 is sufficient, then the cold storage equipment will provide cooling first, with modules #2 and #3 providing auxiliary cooling. If the cooling capacity of the cold storage equipment in module #1 is insufficient, then module #3 will provide cooling first, with module #2 providing auxiliary cooling.

[0073] Furthermore, after the cooling method is determined, it is determined whether the cooling demand between electronic devices is met. If it is met, the process ends and the existing cooling method is maintained; if it is not met, a 2# or 3# module is added. The process continues to determine whether the cooling demand between electronic devices is met. If it is met, the module ends the process and the existing cooling method is maintained; if it is not met, the module continues to add a 2# or 3# module until the demand is met, and then the process ends and the existing cooling method is maintained.

[0074] The following section provides a detailed description of each module and unit in the compressed air-based emergency air conditioning system for power plant electronic equipment rooms, in order to more fully illustrate how the emergency air conditioning system of this application achieves the above-mentioned conditioning process.

[0075] In one embodiment of this application, the cold storage tank is provided with an outer protective layer, a structural layer, a heat insulation layer and an anti-corrosion layer from the outside to the inside. The top and bottom of the cold storage tank are provided with flow equalization plates, and the outside of the flow equalization plates is provided with water distributors.

[0076] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the main structure of the cold storage tank 2-1 includes an outer protective layer 3-1, a structural layer 3-2, an insulation layer 3-3, an anti-corrosion layer 3-4, a flow equalization plate 3-5, and a water distributor 3-6. In the emergency mode of the power plant's electronic equipment room, which is based on compressed air and suffers from a loss of external power supply, the existing cold storage system (module 1) and the dual-path parallel emergency cooling system (module 2's vortex tube cooling and module 3's turbine expander cooling) are dynamically coupled. The cold storage system and the emergency cooling system output cooling capacity in parallel. The cooling capacity supply is regulated by the air supply regulating valve. Initially, the cold storage system rapidly cools the room. Subsequently, when the emergency cooling system is connected, the temperature inside the electronic equipment room is maintained. Temperature sensors trigger the switching of the emergency cooling system to supply cooling capacity to the electronic equipment room (for example, the emergency cooling system is activated when the room temperature is greater than 26°C).

[0077] As one possible implementation, the outer protective layer 3-1 is the outermost layer of the cold storage tank, typically made of color steel plate, aluminum alloy plate, or stainless steel plate. Its main function is to prevent mechanical damage, climate influences, and foreign object intrusion, protecting the fragile internal insulation layer from damage by the external environment. The structural layer 3-2 is the skeleton of the tank, bearing the enormous hydrostatic pressure and weight of the entire tank. It is usually made of reinforced concrete or high-strength steel (such as carbon steel), determining the strength, rigidity, and stability of the cold storage tank, ensuring that the tank does not deform or crack under full load. The insulation layer 3-3 is located inside the structural layer and is usually composed of materials with low thermal conductivity such as polyurethane foam, rubber and plastic, and glass wool. It greatly slows down the heat transfer between the cold water inside the tank and the external environment, reduces cold loss, improves cold storage efficiency, maintains stable water temperature, ensures that cold water at the design temperature can be provided when needed, and prevents condensation on the outer wall of the tank. For the inner wall of the carbon steel structural layer, the anti-corrosion layer is crucial. Epoxy asphalt or solvent-free epoxy coatings are typically used to form a dense protective film, isolating water from the metal and preventing electrochemical corrosion. For the concrete structural layer, the inner wall also requires anti-corrosion and anti-seepage treatment to prevent cold water from seeping into the concrete and causing performance degradation. The anti-corrosion layer 3-4 is in direct contact with the water quality, and its materials must meet hygiene standards. Water distributors 3-6 and flow equalization plates 3-5 usually appear in pairs at the top and bottom of the tank (on both sides of the inclined temperature layer). Water distributors 3-6 are located at the water inlet (usually the bottom of the tank has a cold water inlet, and the top has a warm water inlet). Their function is to evenly distribute the incoming water across the entire cross-section of the tank at a low flow rate and over a large area, avoiding jet agitation and thus smoothly forming or displacing the inclined temperature layer. The flow equalization plate 3-5 is located above the water distributor. It is usually a perforated plate. Its function is to further smooth and stabilize the water flow, eliminate the small disturbances that may be generated by the water distributor, and ensure the formation and maintenance of a stable and clear temperature gradient layer. A stable and thin temperature gradient layer means less mixing of hot and cold water, a larger effective cold storage volume of the cold storage tank, more available cold energy, and higher system efficiency.

[0078] In this embodiment, the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank 2-1 is used for cooling during peak daytime electricity prices and normal non-emergency cooling conditions, in conjunction with other normal cooling methods in the electronic equipment room (such as another chiller unit). During off-peak nighttime electricity prices, the chilled water produced by the chiller unit used for cold storage is stored in the cold storage tank, and other cooling methods provide normal cooling. The refrigeration unit operates during off-peak nighttime hours. Due to the lower ambient temperature and reduced condensation temperature, the refrigeration efficiency (COP) of the unit is higher than during daytime operation, resulting in greater energy savings. In winter or transitional seasons, when the outdoor wet-bulb temperature is low, the unit can be directly shut down, and only the water pump can be run to utilize the circulating water from the cooling tower to cool the water in the cold storage tank, achieving "free cooling" with significant energy-saving effects. Using water for cold storage plays a "peak shaving and valley filling" role, shifting daytime electricity load to nighttime. Simultaneously, by utilizing the difference between peak and off-peak electricity prices, it alleviates the pressure on the power grid during peak hours, improves the utilization rate of power generation and transmission and distribution facilities, and makes a positive contribution to the energy stability and economy of the entire society.

[0079] To achieve the above effects, in one embodiment of this application, the cold storage and cooling module is specifically used for: when the cold storage tank is in a cold storage state, introducing low-temperature chilled water produced by the chiller unit through the water distributor at the bottom of the cold storage tank, and discharging the hot water in the cold storage tank from the top to the chiller unit; when the cold storage tank is in a cold release state, using the low-temperature chilled water at the bottom of the cold storage tank to supply cooling to the electronic equipment room through the cold storage side heat exchanger, wherein the heated return water returns from the water distributor at the top of the cold storage tank.

[0080] Specifically, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction during the cold storage stage of a module 1 cold storage system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the cold storage system in this embodiment is a water-based cold storage system. Figure 5 This describes the cold storage process of a cold storage system, a physical process that uses the sensible heat of water to store cold energy. The core principle is to prepare and store chilled water during periods of low electricity demand and price (such as nighttime). During cold storage, the top inlet / outlet of the cold storage tank is connected to the first cold storage flow regulating valve 4-1; the first cold storage flow regulating valve 4-1 is connected to the cold storage water pump 4-3; the cold storage water pump 4-3 is connected to the inlet of the chiller unit's evaporator; the outlet of the chiller unit's evaporator is connected to the primary cooling valve 4-4 of module #1; the primary cooling valve of module #1 is connected to the bottom inlet / outlet of the cold storage tank; and the cooling water regulating valve 4-2 is connected to the inlet of the chiller unit's condenser.

[0081] During off-peak hours in the power grid (usually from night to early morning), the chiller units are turned on to produce low-temperature chilled water (typically 4-6°C). This chilled water is pumped through pipes to the bottom of the chilled water storage tank. Due to its higher density, the low-temperature chilled water slowly and evenly enters the tank from the distributor at the bottom, settling smoothly at the bottom. The existing warmer water (typically 12-14°C) is pushed upwards by the low-temperature chilled water. Due to the density difference, the hot water naturally rises to the top of the tank, where it is squeezed out and returned through pipes to the evaporator of the chiller for cooling, forming a cycle. This process continues until most of the water in the tank has been cooled to the design temperature (e.g., 4°C), completing the chilled water storage process. At this point, the bottom of the tank contains low-temperature chilled water, while the top contains a small amount of warm water, separated by a thermocline.

[0082] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction during the cold release stage of a module 1 cold storage system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, during periods of high electricity demand and high electricity prices (such as daytime), the stored cold water is extracted for cooling. During emergency cooling release from the cold storage tank, the bottom inlet / outlet is connected to the secondary cooling valve 4-5 of module 1; the secondary cooling valve of module 1 is connected to the secondary pump 4-7; the secondary pump is connected to the inlet of the cold storage side heat exchanger 4-8; the outlet of the cold storage side heat exchanger is connected to the bypass regulating valve 4-6. When cooling demand is low, the water flows back to the cooling pipeline via the bypass. The outlet of the cold storage side heat exchanger is connected to the first cold storage flow regulating valve 4-1; the cold storage side heat exchanger is connected to the air supply regulating valve 4-9 of module 1; the bypass regulating valve is connected to the secondary pump; and the first cold storage flow regulating valve is connected to the top inlet / outlet of the cold storage tank.

[0083] During peak grid hours (typically afternoon), low-temperature chilled water (4°C) is drawn from the bottom of the chilled water storage tank and pumped to the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal. The chilled water flows within the heat exchanger, absorbing heat from the return air between electronic devices, thus cooling the air and providing cooling. During this process, the chilled water temperature rises (e.g., from 4°C to 12°C), and the warmer return water (12°C) is pumped back to the top of the chilled water storage tank. Because of its lower density, the warmer return water slowly and evenly enters the tank from the distributor at the top, floating on top while the cold water at the bottom is drawn out, causing the thermocline layer inside the tank to slowly rise. This process continues until the temperature of most of the water in the tank rises to a level that no longer meets air conditioning requirements (e.g., reaching 10°C), at which point the cooling process ends. At this point, the top of the tank contains the warmer return water, and the bottom contains the remaining cold water.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, the gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the vortex tube cooling module includes a second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the cold flow end of the vortex tube and the second module first return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the second module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module first supply air regulating valve and the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module second return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the second module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the second module second supply air regulating valve and the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0085] Furthermore, the energy storage device in this embodiment is used to store the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module; the thermoelectric module uses bismuth telluride and bismuth telluride alloy materials. The vortex tube includes: a nozzle, a vortex chamber, an orifice plate, and a control valve; wherein, the vortex chamber is used to rotate the high-pressure air injected from the nozzle at high speed to generate free vortices; the control valve is used to expel hot air and regulate the ratio and temperature of hot and cold airflows; the orifice plate is used to guide the cold airflow based on the energy separation effect.

[0086] Specifically, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vortex tube combined cooling and power supply system for module #2 proposed in this application embodiment. It reflects one of the paths of the dual-path parallel emergency cooling system: compressed air supply for vortex tube cooling. Specifically, compressed high-pressure air from modules 2-3 enters the inlet of the vortex tube, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, under the action of the tangential nozzle 8-1 in the vortex chamber 8-2, compressed air is ejected tangentially along the pipe wall, forming a powerful free vortex. The high-speed vortex gas, which has become very hot and is located at the periphery of the pipe, eventually reaches the end of the hot end pipe. The control valve 8-4 at the end of the hot flow pipe controls the outflow of hot flow, and adjusting this valve can change the ratio and temperature of the hot and cold airflows. The cooled gas located in the center of the pipe moves in the opposite direction to the hot airflow under the energy separation effect of the orifice plate 8-3, that is, in the direction it came from. Finally, this cold airflow is discharged through the cold end pipe outlet located at the center of the inlet to supply cooling to the electronic equipment room.

[0087] The working principle of the vortex tube is as follows: Figure 9As shown, high-pressure air is injected into the vortex chamber 8-2 through the tangential nozzle 8-1, forming a high-speed rotating free vortex. The outer layer of airflow near the pipe wall has a slower angular velocity due to friction, but its linear velocity (tangential velocity) is very high. The inner layer of airflow near the center has an extremely high angular velocity, but a relatively low linear velocity. The outer high-speed airflow has greater kinetic energy, and it does work on the inner gas through viscous shear, converting kinetic energy (mechanical energy) into internal energy (thermal energy) like frictional heat generation, causing its own temperature to rise. The inner gas receives work from the outer layer, but it also expands towards the low-pressure outlet (cold end). This expansion process absorbs heat, leading to a decrease in its internal energy and a drop in temperature. The hot air, due to its high centrifugal force, is thrown towards the pipe wall and flows out from the control valve 8-4 at the other end. Under the energy separation effect of the orifice plate 8-3, the inner gas moves in the opposite direction to the hot airflow, i.e., towards its origin. Finally, this cold airflow passes through the cold end pipe outlet located at the center of the inlet end.

[0088] In the specific working process of module #2, such as Figure 7 As shown, compressed air 2-3 of module 2 is connected to compressed air flow regulating valve 6-1 of module 2; compressed air flow regulating valve 6-1 of module 2 is connected to vortex tube 2-4; the compressed air is separated into cold and hot flows in the vortex tube, the hot flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the hot end of thermoelectric module 2-5, and the cold flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2; the thermoelectric module is connected to the DC-DC boost converter of module 2; the DC-DC boost converter 6-8 of module 2 is connected to the energy storage device 2. -6 is connected; the first return air regulating valve 6-2 of module 2 is connected to the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger 6-3 of module 2; the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2 is connected to the first supply air regulating valve 6-4 of module 2; the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2 is connected to the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger 6-6 of module 2; the second return air regulating valve 6-5 of module 2 is connected to the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2; the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2 is connected to the second supply air regulating valve 6-7 of module 2; the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module 2 is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0089] During operation, compressed air enters the vortex tube, where it is separated into cold and hot air streams. The cold stream first enters the first air-to-air heat exchanger of module #2, cooling the return air between the electronic equipment rooms for primary cooling. It then enters the second air-to-air heat exchanger of module #2, further cooling the return air between the electronic equipment rooms, thus utilizing the cooling capacity more efficiently. The cooling capacity after secondary cooling is directly supplied to the cooling system of module #2, serving as the cold source for the thermoelectric module. The return air volume between the electronic equipment rooms can be controlled by the first and second return air regulating valves of module #2, while the air supply volume is controlled by the first and second supply air regulating valves of module #2. The hot stream initially serves as a heat source, and the thermoelectric module generates electricity under the influence of temperature differences. Due to the instability of the generated electricity, it needs to be processed by the DC-DC boost converter of module #2 and stored in the energy storage device. The waste heat after power generation is used for subsequent dehumidification and deoxygenation processes.

[0090] The process by which the thermoelectric module generates electricity under the influence of temperature difference is as follows: Figure 10 As shown in the diagram, the core principle of thermoelectric power generation is the Seebeck effect. When two different semiconductor materials (usually N-type semiconductor 9-2 and P-type semiconductor 9-4) are connected in a circuit via a connector 9-3, and their two connection points are at different temperatures, an electromotive force (voltage) is generated in the circuit, thus forming a current. The power generation principle is as follows: At the hot end, charge carriers in the semiconductor material (electrons in N-type and holes in P-type) receive heat energy from the heat source, increasing their kinetic energy. These high-energy charge carriers spontaneously diffuse from one connection point to the other (moving from the hot end to the cold end). The charge carriers at the cold end supplied by the cold source have lower energy and a slower diffusion rate. This diffusion motion driven by the thermal gradient leads to charge separation. A potential difference (voltage) is formed between the cold ends of the N-type and P-type semiconductors. When an external circuit is connected by a wire, electrons flow out from the N-type cold end, through the circuit, and towards the P-type cold end, thus generating direct current. The hot junction and cold source (such as the heat sink) of a thermoelectric module are usually made of metal and are in direct contact with the heat / cold source. If the thermocouple pair is directly connected to the metal, it will cause a short circuit in all electrical connections and prevent voltage output. The ceramic substrate 9-1 acts as an insulator, providing the structural foundation for the entire module, while also evenly transferring heat from the heat source to the hot junction of each thermocouple and quickly dissipating heat from the cold junction to the heat sink.

[0091] In one embodiment of this application, the gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the turbine expander cooling module includes a third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the turbine expander and the third module first return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the third module first gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module first supply air regulating valve and the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger; the inlet of the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module second return air regulating valve, and the outlet of the third module second gas-to-gas heat exchanger is connected to the third module second supply air regulating valve and the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0092] Specifically, Figure 8 This diagram illustrates a combined cooling and power supply system for a #3 module turbine expander proposed in this application. The diagram shows path two of the dual-path parallel emergency cooling system: compressed air turbine expansion cooling. Compressed high-pressure air 2-13 enters the nozzle of the turbine expander 2-14. The compressed gas, possessing high pressure potential energy and high internal energy, is accelerated and directionally injected into the turbine. The gas undergoes adiabatic expansion within the turbine (with minimal heat exchange with the outside environment), causing a sharp drop in its pressure energy and internal energy (enthalpy). The majority of this energy is converted into mechanical energy (manifested as turbine shaft rotation). The turbine shaft directly drives the generator 2-15 to rotate, converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy. This electrical energy is then used for self-circulation through the #3 module DC-DC boost and regulated converter 7-8. The generated electricity has three uses: powering semiconductor cooling, powering various regulating valves, and powering various sensors. The compressed gas expands and does work inside the turbine, consuming a large amount of its internal energy. Its temperature drops sharply, and the gas discharged from the expander outlet becomes low-pressure, low-temperature gas, which is used for cooling large spaces between electronic equipment, realizing combined cooling and power generation of the turbine expander. At the same time, it can solve the problem of low refrigeration efficiency of a single vortex tube.

[0093] In specific implementation, compressed air 2-13 of module #3 is connected to compressed air flow regulating valve of module #3; compressed air flow regulating valve 7-1 of module #3 is connected to scroll expander 2-14; scroll expander is connected to generator 2-15, scroll expander is connected to first gas-to-gas heat exchanger 7-3 of module #3; generator is connected to DC-DC boost converter 7-8 of module #3; one path of DC-DC boost converter of module #3 is connected to semiconductor refrigeration module, and another path of DC-DC boost converter of module #3 is connected to semiconductor refrigeration module... Temperature, pressure, humidity, and oxygen sensors are connected. The first return air valve 7-2 of module #3 is connected to the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3; the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3 is connected to the first supply air regulating valve 7-4 of module #3; the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3 is connected to the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3 7-6; the second return air valve 7-5 of module #3 is connected to the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3; the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3 is connected to the second supply air regulating valve 7-7 of module #3; the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of module #3 is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric module. Compressed air enters the turbine expander, and the high-pressure gas drives the turbine to rotate. The turbine then drives the generator, converting the pressure and heat energy contained in the gas into mechanical energy, and then into electrical energy. Due to instability and other issues, the generated electrical energy must be processed by the DC-DC boost and regulated converter of module #2. The processed electrical energy supplies the semiconductors, control valves, and sensors. After the compressed gas performs work, its internal energy decreases, resulting in a significant drop in its temperature. The expanded gas becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure cold airflow. This cold airflow first enters the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger in module #3 to cool the return air in the electronic equipment room. Next, the cooled airflow enters the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger in module #3 to continue cooling the return air in the electronic equipment room. The remaining cooling capacity is supplied to the indoor cooling system of module #2, serving as a cold source for the thermoelectric module, thus achieving tiered utilization of cooling capacity. The return air volume in the electronic equipment room can be controlled by the first and second return air regulating valves in module #3, while the air supply volume in the electronic equipment room is controlled by the first and second air supply regulating valves in module #3.

[0094] In one embodiment of this application, the lithium chloride solution dehumidifier is specifically used to achieve air moisture absorption and solution regeneration through changes in solution concentration; the membrane separation deoxygenator is specifically used to utilize waste heat for oxygen-enriched and cold air mixing treatment.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 12The lithium chloride solution dehumidifier 11-5 achieves adsorption dehumidification driven by thermal energy, maintaining the required humidity level in the equipment room. The membrane separation deoxygenator 11-6 utilizes waste heat for membrane separation and oxygen enrichment, mixing with cold air to meet the oxygen concentration requirements of the electronic equipment room, achieving constant oxygen levels. The airflow from each cooling source (cold storage cooling, vortex tube cooling, and turbine expander cooling) is regulated by the air supply regulating valve, and a suitable airflow velocity is designed based on the specific conditions of the electronic equipment room. Air is supplied from the floor at this velocity, forming a vertical laminar flow, maintaining a slight positive pressure for dust prevention in the electronic equipment room. Hot air returns from the top, forming a closed-loop circulation. With the coordinated action of temperature, pressure, humidity, and oxygen sensors, the requirements for constant temperature, constant pressure, constant humidity, and constant oxygen in the electronic equipment room are achieved, ensuring air conditioning needs are met in emergency situations. Figure 12 In the diagram, 11-1 is an air dehumidification flow regulating valve; 11-2 is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger for dehumidification; 11-3 is an air deoxygenation flow regulating valve; and 11-4 is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger for deoxygenation.

[0096] In the waste heat utilization process of the lithium chloride solution dehumidifier and membrane separation deaerator, the humid airflow carrying water vapor comes into full contact with the high-concentration lithium chloride solution (strongly hygroscopic). Because the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the concentrated solution is much lower than that of the humid air, moisture spontaneously diffuses from the air into the solution. The air loses moisture and becomes dry air, which is then supplied to the electronic equipment room for cooling. The lithium chloride solution, having absorbed moisture, decreases in concentration and its hygroscopic capacity, becoming a dilute solution. The waste heat from the thermoelectric module after generating electricity heats the dilute solution, removing the moisture and increasing its concentration, restoring its strong hygroscopic capacity, and transforming it back into a concentrated solution, thus achieving solution regeneration.

[0097] In one embodiment of this application, the cold storage and cooling module, the vortex tube cooling module, and the turbine expander cooling module are designed as standard container units that can be connected and expanded in parallel; the semiconductor refrigeration module is located in the cabinet of the electronic equipment room, and the semiconductor refrigeration module is used to generate local low temperature zones.

[0098] Specifically, for semiconductor cooling modules, Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a semiconductor cooling module proposed in this application embodiment. The core principle of semiconductor 10-4 cooling is also the Peltier effect. Power is provided by the power supply, driving current through the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor (connected by a copper current-conducting plate 10-3). Utilizing the Peltier effect, heat is "pumped" from the cold flow on the cold plate 10-5 side to the heat flow on the heat sink 10-1 side. The electrically insulating and thermally conductive layer 10-2 ensures that this process is carried out efficiently and safely. The performance of the entire system is highly dependent on the heat sink dissipating the heat flow in a timely manner.

[0099] Furthermore, the three cooling methods for global emergency cooling provided in this application embodiment—cold storage cooling, vortex tube cooling, and turbine expander cooling—are all designed as standard container units. The energy for vortex tube cooling and turbine expander cooling both come from compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems. The standard container units can support parallel expansion, such as one electronic device room corresponding to N CAES cooling modules (including module #2 and module #3), realizing an emergency modular and scalable design.

[0100] As one possible implementation, the emergency air conditioning system of this application features emergency management based on pressure-level response. As the emergency air conditioning system continues to provide cooling and power generation, it responds in stages based on the adequacy of the air storage tank reserves. When the air storage tank reserves are sufficient, the CAES cooling module operates at full load to maintain cooling for the large-space vortex tube and turbine expander, and utilizes the turbine expander for power generation and the thermoelectric module for thermoelectric power generation. When compressed air reserves are depleted or insufficient, non-critical area dampers are closed, prioritizing semiconductor cooling for the server racks. The electrical energy stored from the earlier semiconductor thermoelectric power generation is also used for semiconductor cooling.

[0101] In this embodiment, vortex tube cooling simultaneously generates heat flow for cascade utilization. The heat flow is first utilized to generate electricity via a thermoelectric module, and the electrical energy is stored in an energy storage device (battery / capacitor). The thermoelectric module material can be bismuth telluride and its alloys (preliminary experimental testing has determined that this material performs best near room temperature). The waste heat from the heat flow power generation is then used to drive a lithium chloride solution dehumidifier, with the dehumidification regeneration energy consumption entirely provided by waste heat. The waste heat airflow after dehumidification is then used tertiarily for a membrane separation deaerator.

[0102] Therefore, the power generated by the turbine expander in this application is first supplied to key equipment, specifically the semiconductor cooling chip 2-12 located in cabinet 2-11, forming a localized low-temperature zone to solve the problem of localized overheating in high-heat-density equipment. The large space is cooled globally by the turbine expander and the vortex tube working together, forming a "global + local" dual-layer temperature control with the semiconductor cooling, achieving joint microenvironment temperature control by the turbine and the semiconductor.

[0103] In summary, the emergency air conditioning system for power plant electronic equipment rooms based on compressed air in this application embodiment achieves energy self-sufficiency and efficient cascade utilization, has modular expansion and pressure-based graded response capabilities, which is beneficial for emergency environmental protection of electronic equipment rooms in the event of a power outage throughout the plant, and has the characteristics of high reliability, high energy efficiency and economy.

[0104] To implement the above embodiments, this application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a control method for a fast-start compressed air energy storage system based on wind power surplus absorption as described in any one of the second aspect embodiments of this application.

[0105] It should be noted that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0106] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0107] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0108] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0109] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0110] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An emergency air conditioning system for the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air, characterized in that, include: The system includes a cold storage and cooling module, a compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module, an environmental parameter control unit, a sensing and control unit, and a control unit. The compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module comprises a vortex tube cooling module and a turbine expander cooling module. The cold storage and cooling module includes a cold storage tank, a chiller unit, a cold storage water pump, a secondary pump, a cold storage side heat exchanger, and related pipelines and valves. In the cold storage state, the cold storage tank forms a circulation with the chiller unit through a first cold storage flow regulating valve, the cold storage water pump, and the cold storage unit. In the cold release state, the cold storage tank forms a circulation with the cold storage side heat exchanger through a first module cooling secondary valve, the secondary pump, and the cold storage side heat exchanger. The vortex tube cooling module includes a second module compressed air source, a second module compressed air flow regulating valve, a vortex tube, a thermoelectric module, a second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The cold flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and the hot flow end of the vortex tube is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric module. The output end of the thermoelectric module is connected to an energy storage device via the second module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter. The turbo expander cooling module includes a third module compressed air source, a third module compressed air flow regulating valve, a turbo expander, a generator, a third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter, and a related gas-to-gas heat exchanger. One end of the turbo expander is connected to the generator, and the other end of the turbo expander is connected to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The output end of the generator is connected to the semiconductor refrigeration module and the sensing and control unit respectively through the third module DC-DC boost and voltage regulator converter. The environmental parameter control unit includes a lithium chloride solution dehumidifier, a membrane separation deoxygenator, and related gas-to-gas heat exchangers. The lithium chloride solution dehumidifier and the membrane separation deoxygenator are connected to the waste heat end of the thermoelectric module through a dehumidifying gas-to-gas heat exchanger and a deoxygenating gas-to-gas heat exchanger. The sensing and control unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, and an oxygen sensor. The air valves and flow regulating valves of each module are linked with the sensing and control unit via signals. The control unit is used to monitor the power supply status between electronic devices, the cooling capacity of the cold storage and cooling module, and the cooling demand between electronic devices in real time, and to control the cold storage and cooling module and the compressed air dual-path parallel emergency cooling module to couple and cool the electronic devices according to the real-time monitoring results.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage tank is provided with an outer protective layer, a structural layer, a heat insulation layer and an anti-corrosion layer from the outside to the inside. The top and bottom of the tank are provided with flow equalization plates, and the outside of the flow equalization plates is provided with water distributors.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the vortex tube cooling module includes a first gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the second module and a second gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the second module. The inlet of the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the second module is connected to the cold flow end of the vortex tube and the first return air regulating valve of the second module, and the outlet of the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the second module is connected to the first supply air regulating valve of the second module and the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the second module. The inlet of the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the second module is connected to the second return air regulating valve of the second module, and the outlet of the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the second module is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric module via the second supply air regulating valve of the second module.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the turbine expander cooling module includes a first gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the third module and a second gas-to-gas heat exchanger in the third module. The inlet of the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the third module is connected to the turbine expander and the first return air regulating valve of the third module, and the outlet of the first gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the third module is connected to the first supply air regulating valve of the third module and the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the third module. The inlet of the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the third module is connected to the second return air regulating valve of the third module, and the outlet of the second gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the third module is connected to the second supply air regulating valve of the third module and the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device is used to store the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module; The thermoelectric module uses bismuth telluride and bismuth telluride alloy materials.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage and cooling module, the vortex tube cooling module, and the turbine expander cooling module are designed as standard container units that can be connected and expanded in parallel. The semiconductor cooling module is installed in the cabinet of the electronic equipment room, and the semiconductor cooling module is used to generate local low temperature zones.

7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cold storage and cooling module is specifically used for: When the cold storage tank is in a cold storage state, low-temperature chilled water produced by the chiller unit is introduced through the water distributor at the bottom of the cold storage tank, and the hot water in the cold storage tank is discharged from the top to the chiller unit. When the cold storage tank is in the cold release state, the low-temperature chilled water at the bottom of the cold storage tank is used to supply cooling to the electronic equipment room through the cold storage side heat exchanger, wherein the heated return water returns from the top water distributor of the cold storage tank.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex tube includes: a nozzle, a vortex chamber, an orifice plate, and a control valve; wherein, The vortex chamber is used to rotate the high-pressure air injected from the nozzle at high speed to generate a free vortex; The control valve is used to expel hot air and regulate the ratio and temperature of hot and cold airflows; The perforated plate is used to guide cold airflow based on the energy separation effect.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium chloride solution dehumidifier is specifically used to achieve air moisture absorption and solution regeneration through changes in solution concentration. The membrane separation deoxygenator is specifically used to mix oxygen-enriched and cold air using waste heat.

10. A method for emergency air conditioning in the electronic equipment room of a power plant based on compressed air, characterized in that, The method, applied to an emergency air conditioning system for a power plant electronic equipment room based on compressed air as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises the following steps: Determine whether the power supply status of the cooling equipment between electronic devices is normal, and if normal, assist the chiller unit in providing cooling through the cold storage cooling module; In case of abnormal conditions, the power outage emergency mode is activated, and the vortex tube cooling module and the turbine expander cooling module are introduced to assist the cold storage cooling module in providing cooling. Determine whether the current cooling method meets the cooling needs between the electronic devices. If not, add one of the vortex tube cooling modules or turbine expander cooling modules, and repeat the cooling demand detection and addition of cooling modules until the cooling needs between the electronic devices are met.

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