Deep-rooted crop digging, separating, vibrating and stacking harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-root crop digging and vibrating stacking harvester which comprises a main rack, a digging device, a vibrating stacking device and a depth limiting wheel. The main frame comprises a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat, a fixed beam, a stacking device mounting seat and a suspension damping device; the digging and separating device comprises a digging and separating excitation device, a swing rod, a digging and separating shovel grid and a cutting device; the vibration stacking device comprises a front hanging plate, a stacking main beam, a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat II, a coupling sleeve, a connecting rod rotating shaft, a stacking connecting rod, an eccentric sleeve, a rear rack plate, a swing rod beam hanging plate, a stacking grid fixing plate, a stacking grid, a swing rod beam, a swing rod beam hanging lug, a swing rod beam reinforcing sleeve and a hydraulic lifting mechanism; the depth limiting wheel comprises a wheel frame mounting vertical plate, a side plate mounting lug plate, a wheel frame mounting bottom plate, a wheel side plate, a wheel side plate fixing plate, a wheel body, a side plate shaft fixing plate and a wheel shaft. The deep root digging mechanism is comprehensive in function, adapts to deep root operation, prevents rhizomes from winding a shovel frame of the digging mechanism, reduces the entrainment effect of rhizome materials on impurities, and achieves material and impurity separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of root and stem crop harvesting technology in agricultural machinery, and in particular to a deep-root crop digging, separating, and vibrating pile harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-rooted crops, such as licorice, are typically harvested at depths of 40-60 cm or even deeper, with extensive and intertwined root systems. Mechanized harvesting faces challenges such as high digging resistance, poor root-soil separation, and difficulty in collecting the rootstocks. Existing harvesting machinery mainly consists of the following types, but all have significant limitations when applied to harvesting deep-rooted crops: 1. Existing harvesters are mostly designed for shallow-rooted crops and cannot meet the needs of deep-rooted crops.

[0003] A potato harvester (CN206078335U) and a mountain potato harvester (CN212696640U) are mainly designed for shallow-rooted crops such as potatoes and peanuts, with an operating depth typically around 20-30 cm. When used for harvesting deep-rooted crops such as licorice, the machine is prone to deformation or damage due to insufficient frame strength and the lack of depth-limiting and support mechanisms for heavy-load operations in deep soil. Furthermore, these machines usually lack a cutting mechanism, making it unable to cut the extensive horizontal roots of deep-rooted crops, leading to root entanglement and breakage of the taproot during operation, severely impacting harvest quality.

[0004] 2. Existing deep rhizome harvesters lack efficient "collection" and sorting functions, or the collection effect is poor.

[0005] While a deep rhizome excavator (CN203523325U) solves the problem of deep excavation, it completely lacks collection capabilities. The excavated rhizomes are laid directly in the field, requiring manual picking and piling, resulting in high labor intensity and representing a typical case of "digging without collecting." A long-rhizome medicinal herb excavator (CN209949868U), although equipped with a collection box, primarily uses a conveyor belt to directly throw the rhizomes in, failing to effectively remove loose soil between the rhizomes using vibration, leading to extremely high soil content in the collection box.

[0006] 3. Existing collection devices are mostly rotary, which are prone to tangling and have a high soil content.

[0007] Existing technologies, such as a sweet potato vine harvester (CN106612875A) and a potato vine-killing machine with vine-collecting function (CN210143301U), can achieve the collection function, but their working parts mostly adopt rotating drums, vine-picking teeth, or conveyor chain structures. Deep-rooted crops such as licorice are slender and tough; during operation, the high-speed rotating drums or chains are easily caught in bearings or movement gaps, causing severe entanglement and jamming, leading to frequent machine failures. Rotary or chain conveyor mechanisms often pick up large amounts of soil attached to the roots and transport them to the root pile, making subsequent cleaning difficult.

[0008] 4. The spacing of the grates in existing harvesters is usually fixed by welding, and cannot be adjusted according to the planting techniques of different crops (such as the thickness of the rootstock); its swing parts mostly adopt an integral welded structure, which is difficult to maintain and has a low degree of modularity; the power transmission mostly uses universal joints, which wear out quickly and have a high failure rate under deep plowing, high frequency and strong vibration conditions, and lack effective vibration reduction and buffering measures.

[0009] In summary, existing harvesting machinery for root crops is mostly concentrated on shallow-root crops such as potatoes and peanuts (digging depth within 30cm). Their frame strength, digging mechanisms, and power transmission methods are ill-suited to the high-resistance, heavy-load operating environment of deep-root crops such as licorice (digging depth 40-60cm). For harvesting deep-root crops, there is still a general lack of efficient harvesting equipment, especially for processing the roots and stems that have been dug and separated and laid on the surface. Existing devices mostly use rotating components (such as rollers and chains), which easily lead to roots and stems becoming entangled in the rotating parts when processing crops with long and tough roots. Furthermore, the rotating collection process often traps large amounts of soil, resulting in incomplete collection. In addition, the lack of a cutting mechanism for the extensive horizontal roots of deep-root crops is also a major reason for the high damage rate and poor harvest integrity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a deep-root crop digging and harvesting device that can adapt to deep tillage and heavy-load conditions and has horizontal root cutting and anti-entanglement collection functions. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a deep-rooted crop digging, separating, and vibrating harvester. To achieve this objective, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A deep-rooted crop digging and vibrating pile harvester includes a main frame, a digging device, a vibrating pile harvester, and a depth-limiting wheel. The main frame includes a hydraulic cylinder mounting base, a fixed beam, a pile harvester mounting base, and a suspension vibration damping device. The digging device includes a digging excitation device, a swing arm, a digging shovel, and a cutting device. The vibrating pile harvester includes a front mounting plate, a pile harvesting main beam, a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat II, a coupling sleeve, a connecting rod shaft, a pile harvesting connecting rod, an eccentric sleeve, a rear frame plate, a swing arm beam mounting plate, a pile harvester grid fixing plate, a pile harvester grid, a swing arm beam, a swing arm beam lug, a swing arm beam reinforcing sleeve, and a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The depth-limiting wheel includes a wheel frame mounting vertical plate, a side plate mounting lug, a wheel frame mounting base plate, a wheel side plate, a wheel side plate fixing plate, a wheel body, a side plate axle fixing plate, and a wheel axle.

[0011] Furthermore, the suspension vibration damping device includes a cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing, a vibration damping mounting steel pipe, and a vibration damping bushing through hole. The cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing is press-fitted into the inner cavity of the vibration damping mounting steel pipe, and the vibration damping bushing through hole is opened at the center of the cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing. The suspension vibration damping device is welded and fixed to the main frame, and the fixed beam is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat and the stacking device mounting seat simultaneously through U-bolt pairs.

[0012] Furthermore, the excavation and vibration device includes a bearing housing I, a vibration connecting rod, a double-disc intermediate shaft, an internal spline small flange, an internal spline large flange, a gearbox transmission mechanism, elastic damping pins, and a vibration connecting rod shaft. The gearbox transmission mechanism is connected to the internal spline large flange on both sides. The bearing housing I is fixedly installed on the main frame. The vibration connecting rod shaft is installed in the bearing housing I. The internal spline small flange is fixedly connected to the vibration connecting rod shaft, and the internal spline small flange is connected to the double-disc intermediate shaft and the internal spline large flange respectively through elastic damping pins. The upper end of the vibration connecting rod is connected to the vibration connecting rod shaft, and the lower end is hinged to the swing arm mounting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the swing arm includes a digging swing arm mounting base, a swing arm mounting joint, a swing arm hanging plate, a main swing arm, and a shovel frame locking block; the main swing arm is separately fixed to the swing arm mounting joint by bolt pairs, the digging swing arm mounting base is hinged to the swing arm mounting joint, and the digging swing arm mounting base is fixed to the main frame by U-bolt pairs, the shovel frame locking block is inserted into both the main swing arm and the shovel frame, and the swing arm hanging plate is fixedly connected to the main swing arm.

[0014] Furthermore, the excavating grid includes grid bars, grid bar uprights, side baffles, grid bar reinforcing plates, grid bar densification blocks, a shovel frame, a shovel frame fixing plate, and excavating blades; the shovel frame fixing plate and the excavating blades are respectively fixedly connected to the shovel frame, the grid bar uprights are welded to the shovel frame fixing plate, the grid bar reinforcing plates are welded and fixed to the grid bar uprights, the grid bar round bars are welded above the grid bar uprights, the grid bar densification blocks are inserted into the grid bar uprights, and the side baffles are welded and fixed to the shovel frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the cutting device includes a cutting plate mounting plate and a cutting plate; the cutting plate mounting plate is fixedly connected to the main swing arm and the cutting plate by bolts; the lower end of the cutting plate is fixedly connected to the shovel frame; the cutting plate has an obtuse-angle blade structure and adopts a double-support cutting principle to cut off the horizontal roots of crops.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting mechanism and the hydraulic cylinder mounting base are hinged by pins, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism and the stacking device mounting base are respectively hinged to the front mounting plate; the front mounting plate is fixed to the stacking main beam by U-bolt pairs, the bearing seat II is fixedly installed on the rear frame plate, the eccentric sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting rod shaft by a key and connected to the stacking connecting rod, the connecting rod shaft is fixedly connected to the coupling sleeve, and its two ends are respectively installed on the rear frame plate by bearing seat II, the rear frame plate is fixed to the stacking main beam by U-bolt pairs, and the hydraulic motor is installed on the connecting rod shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the swing arm beam reinforcing sleeve is connected to the swing arm beam and hinged to the rear frame plate by a pin. The lower end of the swing arm beam lug is welded and fixed to the swing arm beam, and the upper end is hinged to the stacking link by a pin. The swing arm beam mounting plate is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam. The stacking grid fixing plate is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam mounting plate by bolt pairs. The stacking grid is welded and fixed to the stacking grid fixing plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the two sides of the wheel side plate are fixedly connected to the side plate fixing plate to form a triangular wheel fork structure. The side plate mounting ear plate is fixed to the side plate fixing plate and is hinged to the wheel frame mounting vertical plate by a pin. The wheel frame mounting vertical plate is inserted and fixed in the wheel frame mounting base plate. The wheel axle is connected to the wheel body, and its two sides are respectively connected to the wheel side plate and the side plate fixing plate. The side plate fixing plate is fixed to the wheel side plate by bolt pairs. The left and right sides of the depth-limiting wheel are respectively fixed to the fixing beam of the main frame by U-bolt pairs. The height of the depth-limiting wheel can be adjusted in stages by changing the insertion position of the side plate mounting ear plate in the wheel frame mounting vertical plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the vibrating pile-up device can switch between lowering and lifting / unloading states and steplessly adjust the pile-up working height through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic lifting mechanism; when the pile is lowered into the soil, the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism extends, and the vibrating pile-up device rotates around the pile-up device mounting base until the grid teeth of the pile-up grid are inserted into the soil 10-20cm; when the pile is lifted / unloaded, the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism retracts, and the vibrating pile-up device lifts to complete the pile laying.

[0020] The present invention has the following technical effects: 1. Comprehensive functions, suitable for deep root operations: This invention integrates functions such as deep root digging, root-soil separation, horizontal root cutting, vibration stacking, and material stacking. The depth limiting wheel can be adjusted in stages to accurately control the digging depth of 40-60cm and above. The triangular wheel fork structure has strong load-bearing capacity and effectively prevents the machine from sinking excessively, making it suitable for heavy-duty operation environments of deep-rooted crops. 2. Horizontal root cutting prevents tangling and ensures high harvest quality: The cutting plate with a blunt-angle blade is used to achieve non-slip forced cutting of horizontal roots based on the double-support cutting principle, avoiding the problems of horizontal roots getting stuck and pulling off the main root. At the same time, it solves the problem of root entanglement on the digging mechanism from the root source, improving the integrity of the harvest. 3. Excellent root-soil separation effect and less impurities in the pile: The digging and splitting grid is equipped with pluggable grid bar densification blocks, which can flexibly adjust the grid bar gap according to the thickness of the crop roots and stems to achieve root-soil separation in one step; the vibrating pile device shakes the pile grid in an alternating manner during operation, and achieves secondary root-soil separation while collecting roots and stems, which greatly reduces the soil content and impurity ratio of the root and stem pile. 4. Excellent vibration damping and buffering effect, and long equipment life: The main frame is equipped with a suspension vibration damping device with rubber vibration damping bushings, and the digging and excitation device uses elastic vibration damping pins to transmit power. The double vibration damping structure effectively buffers the high-frequency strong vibration impact of deep tillage operations, solving the problems of fast wear and high failure rate of traditional power transmission components, and extending the service life of the equipment. 5. Modular design for easy maintenance and use: The swing arm adopts a split connection, and the collection grid fixing plate is bolted to the swing arm beam hanging plate. The vulnerable parts of the digging device and the vibrating collection device can be modularly and quickly disassembled and assembled. The grid gap, depth limit height and collection height can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the planting agronomy of different deep-rooted crops, making later maintenance and operation adjustment more convenient. 6. High degree of mechanization and reduced labor intensity: It replaces the traditional manual picking and piling operations, realizes the full mechanization of deep-rooted crops from digging to piling, greatly improves harvesting efficiency, reduces manual labor intensity, and meets the needs of modern agricultural mechanized production. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention includes the following figures: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation device of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration collection device of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the depth-limiting wheel structure of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and unloading process of the vibratory stacking device of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soil-entry and soil-collecting operation process of the vibratory collection device of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 101. Hydraulic cylinder mounting base; 102. Fixed beam; 103. Stacking device mounting base; 104. Suspension vibration damping device; 10401. Cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing; 10402. Vibration damping mounting steel pipe; 10403. Vibration damping bushing through hole. 2. Digging and splitting device, 201. Digging and splitting vibration excitation device, 20101. Bearing housing I, 20102. Vibration connecting rod, 20103. Double-disc intermediate shaft, 20104. Internal spline small flange, 20105. Internal spline large flange, 20106. Gearbox transmission mechanism, 20107. Elastic damping pin, 20108. Vibration connecting rod shaft, 202. Swing rod, 20201. Digging and splitting swing rod mounting seat, 20202. Swing rod mounting joint, 202 03. Swing arm mounting plate; 20204. Main swing arm; 20205. Shovel frame locking block; 203. Digging shovel; 20301. Grid bar round steel; 20302. Grid bar upright plate; 20303. Side baffle; 20304. Grid bar reinforcing plate; 20305. Grid bar densification block; 20306. Shovel frame; 20307. Shovel frame fixing plate; 20308. Digging blade; 204. Cutting device; 20401. Cutting plate mounting plate; 20402. Cutting plate. 3. Vibratory stacking device, 301. Front mounting plate, 302. Stacking main beam, 303. Hydraulic motor, 304. Bearing housing II, 305. Coupling sleeve, 306. Connecting rod shaft, 307. Stacking connecting rod, 308. Eccentric sleeve, 309. Rear frame plate, 310. Swing beam mounting plate, 311. Stacking grid fixing plate, 312. Stacking grid, 313. Swing beam, 314. Swing beam lug, 315. Swing beam reinforcing sleeve, 316. Hydraulic lifting mechanism 4. Depth-limiting wheel, 401. Wheel frame mounting vertical plate, 402. Side plate mounting ear plate, 403. Wheel frame mounting base plate, 404. Wheel side plate, 405. Wheel side plate fixing plate, 406. Wheel body, 407. Side plate axle fixing plate, 408. Wheel axle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The steps of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and test examples.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1-5 As shown, a deep-rooted crop digging and vibrating pile harvester includes a main frame 1, a digging and splitting device 2, a vibrating pile harvesting device 3, and a depth limiting wheel 4.

[0024] The main frame 1 includes a hydraulic cylinder mounting base 101, a fixed beam 102, a stacking device mounting base 103, and a suspension vibration damping device 104.

[0025] The suspension vibration damping device 104 includes a cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing 10401, a vibration damping mounting steel pipe 10402, and a vibration damping bushing through hole 10403.

[0026] The digging device 2 includes a digging excitation device 201, a swing rod 202, a digging shovel 203, and a cutting device 204.

[0027] The excavation and vibration device 201 includes a bearing housing I 20101, a vibration connecting rod 20102, a double-disc intermediate shaft 20103, a small internal spline flange 20104, a large internal spline flange 20105, a gearbox transmission mechanism 20106, an elastic damping pin 20107, and a vibration connecting rod shaft 20108.

[0028] The swing arm 202 includes a digging swing arm mounting base 20201, a swing arm mounting joint 20202, a swing arm hanging plate 20203, a main swing arm 20204, and a shovel frame locking block 20205.

[0029] The excavating grid 203 includes grid bar round steel 20301, grid bar upright plate 20302, side baffle 20303, grid bar reinforcing plate 20304, grid bar densification block 20305, shovel frame 20306, shovel grid fixing plate 20307, ​​and excavating blade 20308.

[0030] The cutting device 204 includes a cutting plate mounting plate 20401 and a cutting plate 20402.

[0031] The vibratory stacking device 3 includes a front mounting plate 301, a stacking main beam 302, a hydraulic motor 303, a bearing seat II 304, a coupling sleeve 305, a connecting rod shaft 306, a stacking connecting rod 307, an eccentric sleeve 308, a rear frame plate 309, a swing beam mounting plate 310, a stacking grid fixing plate 311, a stacking grid 312, a swing beam 313, a swing beam lug 314, a swing beam reinforcing sleeve 315, and a hydraulic lifting mechanism 316.

[0032] The depth-limiting wheel 4 includes a wheel frame mounting vertical plate 401, a side plate mounting ear plate 402, a wheel frame mounting base plate 403, a wheel side plate 404, a wheel side plate fixing plate 405, a wheel body 406, a side plate shaft fixing plate 407, and a wheel axle 408.

[0033] Furthermore, the fixed beam 102 of the main frame 1 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 101 and the stacking device mounting base 103 simultaneously through U-bolt pairs, and the suspension vibration damping device 104 is welded to the main frame 1.

[0034] Furthermore, a cylindrical rubber damping bushing 10401 is press-fitted into the inner cavity of the vibration damping mounting steel pipe 10402. The cylindrical rubber damping bushing 10401 has a damping bushing through hole 10403 at its center for the tractor's lower suspension arm pin to pass through. When the tractor is attached to the present invention, the tractor's lower suspension pin passes through the damping bushing through hole 10403. The traction force of the tractor's lower lever does not act directly on the metal frame, but is transmitted to the vibration damping mounting steel pipe through the cylindrical rubber damping bushing 10401, and finally to the main frame 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the gearbox transmission mechanism 20106 of the excavation excitation device 201 is connected to the inner spline large flange 20105 on both sides. The bearing seat I 20101 is fixedly installed on the main frame 1. The excitation connecting rod shaft 20108 is installed in the bearing seat I 20101. The inner spline small flange 20104 is fixedly connected to the excitation connecting rod shaft 20108. The inner spline small flange 20104 is connected to the double-disc intermediate shaft 20103 and the inner spline large flange 20105 respectively through elastic damping pins 20107. While the upper end of the excitation connecting rod 20102 is connected to the excitation connecting rod shaft 20108, the lower end of the excitation connecting rod 20102 is hinged to the swing rod mounting plate 20203.

[0036] Furthermore, the main swing arm 20204 of the swing arm 202 is fixed to the swing arm mounting joint 20202 by bolt pairs to achieve a split connection. The digging swing arm mounting seat 20201 is hinged to the swing arm mounting joint 20202. The digging swing arm mounting seat 20201 is fixedly connected to the main frame 1 by U-bolt pairs. The shovel frame locking block 20205 is simultaneously inserted into the main swing arm 20204 and the shovel frame 20306. The shovel frame locking block 20205 mainly bears the huge shear load during operation. The swing arm hanging plate 20203 is fixedly connected to the main swing arm 20204.

[0037] Furthermore, the shovel fixing plate 20307 and the digging blade 20308 of the excavating shovel 203 are fixedly connected to the shovel frame 20306, respectively. The shovel bar upright plate 20302 is welded to the shovel fixing plate 20307, ​​the shovel bar reinforcing plate 20304 is welded and fixed to the shovel bar upright plate 20302, the shovel bar round steel 20301 is welded above the shovel bar upright plate 20302, and the shovel bar densification block 20305 is inserted into the shovel bar upright plate 20302. The user can selectively insert or remove the shovel bar densification block 20305 according to the working object (thickness of the root) or soil conditions, thereby changing the effective gap between the shovel bars. The side baffle 20303 is welded and fixed to the shovel frame 20306 to prevent the excavated soil and root from flowing back to both sides.

[0038] Furthermore, the cutting plate mounting plate 20401 of the cutting device 204 is simultaneously fixedly connected to the main swing rod 20204 and the cutting plate 20402 via bolts. The lower end of the cutting plate 20402 is fixedly connected to the shovel frame 20306. The horizontal roots fixed by the soil undergo shearing fracture and crushing under the strong compression of the obtuse-angled cutting edge. Because the soil on both sides is compressed, it is equivalent to providing reverse support for the root system (i.e., the soil acts as a fixed blade); and because the root system is rigidly constrained by the compacted soil on both sides (i.e., "double support"), the root system cannot undergo lateral displacement or retreat. Under the action of the vertical feeding force of the cutting plate 20402, the root system generates stress concentration within a very short stroke, thereby being forcibly crushed and broken. This achieves forced cutting without slippage, effectively solving the problem of root or surface weed entanglement.

[0039] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 316 of the vibrating stacking device 3 is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 101 by a pin. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 316 and the stacking device mounting base 103 are respectively hinged to the front mounting plate 301. Thus, the entire vibrating stacking device 3 is driven to swing around the hinge point by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, realizing the switching between the lowering stacking state and the lifting unloading state, as well as the stepless adjustment of the stacking operation height.

[0040] Furthermore, the front mounting plate 301 of the vibratory stacking device 3 is fixed to the stacking main beam 302 by a U-bolt pair, the bearing seat II 304 is fixedly installed on the rear frame plate 309, the eccentric sleeve 308 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod shaft 306 by a key, and the eccentric sleeve 308 is connected to the stacking connecting rod 307. The connecting rod shaft 306 is fixedly connected to the coupling sleeve 305. The two ends of the connecting rod shaft 306 are respectively installed on the rear frame plate 309 by the bearing seat 304. The rear frame plate 309 is fixed to the stacking main beam 302 by a U-bolt pair, and the hydraulic motor 303 is installed on the connecting rod shaft 306.

[0041] Furthermore, while the swing arm beam reinforcing sleeve 315 of the vibrating stacking device 3 is connected to the swing arm beam 313, the swing arm beam reinforcing sleeve 315 is also hinged to the rear frame plate 309 by a pin, thus constructing the swing fulcrum of the swing arm beam 313; the lower end of the swing arm beam lug 314 is welded and fixed to the swing arm beam 313, and the upper end of the swing arm beam lug 314 is hinged to the stacking connecting rod 307 by a pin; the swing arm beam mounting plate 310 is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam 313; the stacking grid fixing plate 311 is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam mounting plate 310 by bolt pairs, realizing the modular quick disassembly and assembly of vulnerable working parts; and the stacking grid 312 is welded and fixed to the stacking grid fixing plate 311.

[0042] Furthermore, the wheel side plate 404 of the depth-limiting wheel 4 is fixedly connected to the side plate fixing plate 405 on both sides to form a high-strength triangular wheel fork structure to support the weight of the whole machine; while the side plate mounting ear plate 402 is fixed to the side plate fixing plate 405, the side plate mounting ear plate 402 is hinged to the wheel frame mounting vertical plate 401 by a pin. By changing the insertion position of the side plate mounting ear plate 402 in the wheel frame mounting vertical plate 401, the height of the depth-limiting wheel can be adjusted in stages, thereby accurately controlling the digging depth of the whole machine and preventing the machine from sinking excessively; the wheel frame mounting vertical plate 401 is inserted and fixed in the wheel frame mounting base plate 403, the wheel axle 408 is connected to the wheel body 406, and the two sides of the wheel axle 408 are respectively connected to the wheel side plate 404 and the side plate fixing plate 407. The side plate fixing plate 407 is fixed to the wheel side plate 404 by bolt pairs, and the left and right sides of the depth-limiting wheel 4 are respectively fixed to the main frame 1 fixing beam 102 by U-bolt pairs.

[0043] Example 2: like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the specific working process of the present invention is as follows: At the start of operation, the tractor adjusts its height using the position of the depth-limiting wheel 4 as a reference, and transmits power to the gearbox transmission mechanism 20106 via the power output shaft. The gearbox transmission mechanism 20106 transmits power to the excitation connecting rod shaft 20108 via the large internal spline flange 20105, the small internal spline flange 20104, the elastic damping pin 20107, and the double-disc intermediate shaft 20103. The elastic damping pin 20107 buffers the high-frequency strong vibrations during operation. When the vibration is applied, the rotating shaft 20108 of the excitation link drives the vibration link 20102 to move. The vibration link 20102 drives the swing rod 202 to swing. The swing rod 202 drives the digging and separating grid 203 to move. The cutting device 204 is fixedly installed on the swing rod 202 and the digging and separating grid 203. The cutting device 204 is responsible for cutting the horizontal roots. The grid bar densification block 20305 of the digging and separating grid 203 reduces the grid bar spacing. The root and soil mixture is separated by the digging and separating grid 203, and the root and stem are transported backward.

[0044] The vibratory pile-up operation consists of two stages: soil compaction and lifting / unloading. Soil compaction: When the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 316 extends, the vibratory pile-up device 3 rotates around the mounting base 103 until the grid teeth penetrate 10-20cm into the soil, at which point it stops extending. The pile-up grid 312 gathers the surface roots and rhizomes into a pile. During this process, the grid 312 vibrates intermittently, separating fine particles such as soil through the grid bars, reducing soil and other impurities in the root and rhizome pile. Lifting / unloading: The hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 316 retracts, and the vibratory pile-up device 3 is lifted, completing the pile placement.

[0045] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the essence and scope of this invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of this invention, and the patent protection scope of this invention should be defined by the claims. Content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A deep-root crop digging, separating, and vibrating harvester, characterized in that, It includes a main frame (1), a digging and splitting device (2), a vibrating stacking device (3), and a depth limiting wheel (4); The main frame (1) includes a hydraulic cylinder mounting base (101), a fixed beam (102), a stacking device mounting base (103), and a suspension vibration damping device (104). The digging device (2) includes a digging excitation device (201), a swing rod (202), a digging shovel (203), and a cutting device (204). The vibratory stacking device (3) includes a front mounting plate (301), a stacking main beam (302), a hydraulic motor (303), a bearing seat II (304), a coupling sleeve (305), a connecting rod shaft (306), a stacking connecting rod (307), an eccentric sleeve (308), a rear frame plate (309), a swing beam mounting plate (310), a stacking grid fixing plate (311), a stacking grid (312), a swing beam (313), a swing beam lug (314), a swing beam reinforcing sleeve (315), and a hydraulic lifting mechanism (316). The depth-limiting wheel (4) includes a wheel frame mounting vertical plate (401), a side plate mounting ear plate (402), a wheel frame mounting base plate (403), a wheel side plate (404), a wheel side plate fixing plate (405), a wheel body (406), a side plate axle fixing plate (407), and a wheel axle (408).

2. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension vibration damping device (104) includes a cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing (10401), a vibration damping mounting steel pipe (10402), and a vibration damping bushing through hole (10403). The cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing (10401) is press-fitted into the inner cavity of the vibration damping mounting steel pipe (10402). The vibration damping bushing through hole (10403) is opened at the center of the cylindrical rubber vibration damping bushing (10401). The suspension vibration damping device (104) is welded and fixed to the main frame (1). The fixed beam (102) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (101) and the stacking device mounting seat (103) through U-bolt pairs.

3. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excavation and vibration device (201) includes a bearing housing I (20101), a vibration connecting rod (20102), a double-disc intermediate shaft (20103), an internal spline small flange (20104), an internal spline large flange (20105), a gearbox transmission mechanism (20106), an elastic damping pin (20107), and a vibration connecting rod shaft (20108). The gearbox transmission mechanism (20106) is connected to the internal spline large flange (20105) on both sides, and the bearing housing I (20101) is fixedly installed on the main unit. On the frame (1), the excitation connecting rod shaft (20108) is installed in the bearing seat I (20101). The inner spline small flange (20104) is fixedly connected to the excitation connecting rod shaft (20108). The inner spline small flange (20104) is connected to the double-disc intermediate shaft (20103) and the inner spline large flange (20105) respectively through elastic damping pins (20107). The upper end of the excitation connecting rod (20102) is connected to the excitation connecting rod shaft (20108), and the lower end is hinged to the swing rod mounting plate (20203).

4. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing arm (202) includes a digging swing arm mounting base (20201), a swing arm mounting joint (20202), a swing arm hanging plate (20203), a main swing arm (20204), and a shovel frame locking block (20205). The main swing arm (20204) is fixed separately to the swing arm mounting joint (20202) by bolt pairs. The digging swing arm mounting base (20201) is hinged to the swing arm mounting joint (20202), and the digging swing arm mounting base (20201) is fixed to the main frame (1) by U-bolt pairs. The shovel frame locking block (20205) is inserted into both the main swing arm (20204) and the shovel frame (20306). The swing arm hanging plate (20203) is fixedly connected to the main swing arm (20204).

5. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excavating grid (203) includes grid bar round steel (20301), grid bar upright plate (20302), side baffle (20303), grid bar reinforcing plate (20304), grid bar densification block (20305), shovel frame (20306), grid fixing plate (20307), and digging blade (20308); the grid fixing plate (20307) and the digging blade (20308) are respectively connected to the shovel frame (20306). The grid bar upright plate (20302) is welded to the shovel grid fixing plate (20307), the grid bar reinforcing plate (20304) is welded and fixed to the grid bar upright plate (20302), the grid bar round steel (20301) is welded to the top of the grid bar upright plate (20302), the grid bar encryption block (20305) is inserted into the grid bar upright plate (20302), and the side baffle (20303) is welded and fixed to the shovel frame (20306).

6. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting device (204) includes a cutting plate mounting plate (20401) and a cutting plate (20402). The cutting plate mounting plate (20401) is fixedly connected to the main swing rod (20204) and the cutting plate (20402) by bolts. The lower end of the cutting plate (20402) is fixedly connected to the shovel frame (20306). The cutting plate (20402) has an obtuse-angle blade structure and adopts the double-support cutting principle to cut off the horizontal roots of crops.

7. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic lifting mechanism (316) and the hydraulic cylinder mounting base (101) are hinged by a pin. The hydraulic lifting mechanism (316) and the stacking device mounting base (103) are respectively hinged to the front mounting plate (301). The front mounting plate (301) is fixed to the stacking main beam (302) by a U-bolt pair. The bearing seat II (304) is fixedly installed on the rear frame plate (309). The eccentric sleeve (308) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod shaft (306) by a key and connected to the stacking connecting rod (307). The connecting rod shaft (306) is fixedly connected to the coupling sleeve (305). Its two ends are respectively installed on the rear frame plate (309) by the bearing seat II (304). The rear frame plate (309) is fixed to the stacking main beam (302) by a U-bolt pair. The hydraulic motor (303) is installed on the connecting rod shaft (306).

8. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing arm beam reinforcing sleeve (315) is connected to the swing arm beam (313) and is hinged to the rear frame plate (309) by a pin. The lower end of the swing arm beam lug (314) is welded and fixed to the swing arm beam (313), and the upper end is hinged to the stacking connecting rod (307) by a pin. The swing arm beam hanging plate (310) is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam (313). The stacking grid fixing plate (311) is fixedly connected to the swing arm beam hanging plate (310) by a bolt pair. The stacking grid (312) is welded and fixed to the stacking grid fixing plate (311).

9. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wheel side plate (404) is fixedly connected to the side plate fixing plate (405) on both sides to form a triangular wheel fork structure. The side plate mounting ear plate (402) is fixed to the side plate fixing plate (405) and is hinged to the wheel frame mounting vertical plate (401) by a pin. The wheel frame mounting vertical plate (401) is inserted and fixed in the wheel frame mounting base plate (403). The wheel axle (408) is connected to the wheel body (406). Its two sides are respectively connected to the wheel side plate (404) and the side plate fixing plate (407). The side plate fixing plate (407) is fixed to the wheel side plate (404) by bolt pairs. The depth limiting wheel (4) is fixed to the fixing beam (102) of the main frame (1) on both sides by U-bolt pairs. The depth limiting wheel height can be adjusted in stages by changing the insertion position of the side plate mounting ear plate (402) in the wheel frame mounting vertical plate (401).

10. The deep-root crop digging and vibrating harvester as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The vibrating pile-up device (3) can switch between the lowering and lifting / unloading states and steplessly adjust the pile-up operation height through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (316). When the pile is lowered into the soil, the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (316) extends, and the vibrating pile-up device (3) rotates around the pile-up device mounting base (103) until the teeth of the pile-up grid (312) are inserted into the soil 10-20cm. When the pile is lifted and unloaded, the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (316) retracts, and the vibrating pile-up device (3) lifts to complete the pile laying.

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