First-aid fracture splint convenient to use and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a first-aid fracture splint convenient to use and a use method thereof. The first-aid fracture splint comprises four splints, the clamping plates are slidably connected with connecting rods; the clamping plates comprise a driving clamping plate and a driven clamping plate; linkage parts are arranged at two ends of the driving clamping plate; the linkage part comprises a first linkage gear rotationally connected to the driving clamping plate, a first transmission gear rotationally connected to the driving clamping plate and a linkage block slidably connected to the first transmission gear. When one ends of the clamping plates do not abut against the four limbs, the two clamping plates slide oppositely; when one end of the clamping plate abuts against the four limbs, the other end of the clamping plate can continue to move to abut against the four limbs. The device can be operated by a single person and a single hand, a fracture part can be conveniently clamped, and the device can be used for first aid and also can be used for self-first aid; the clamping positions of the clamping plates can be adjusted, so that the clamping area is kept away from a wound of an open fracture while the clamping area is ensured to be large enough; and the clamping force can be conveniently adjusted after a fracture position is clamped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical equipment technology, specifically relating to a convenient emergency fracture splint and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent document CN87216889U discloses a splint for treating fractures, classified as a medical treatment device suitable for treating fractures of the wrist, forearm, upper arm, femur, lower leg, ankle, hand, and foot. This splint consists of plastic side panels, padding, and fabric straps with one-way buckles. The shape and size of the splint are determined according to the anatomical shape of each limb. The advantages of this splint are: simple manufacturing process, readily available materials, low cost, splint shape conforming to the needs of fracture treatment, easy adjustment of the fabric straps with one-way buckles, good breathability, hygiene, and ideal treatment effect.

[0003] In actual use, the above solution requires the assistance of other personnel. One person should fix the above equipment in the emergency position and keep it in place, while another person should install and fix the medical equipment. At the same time, the installation and fixation position should not be shifted, which would make it inconvenient to use.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN207412283U discloses a fracture splint. The splint includes a splint body with several rings, each ring including a fan-shaped fixing ring and a fan-shaped ratchet ring. The fan-shaped ratchet ring has ratchet teeth. The fan-shaped fixing ring is connected and fixed to the splint body, and the fan-shaped ratchet ring and the fan-shaped fixing ring are hinged. A fixing device is provided on the fan-shaped fixing ring, and a shaft is provided inside the fixing device. A pawl passes through the shaft and engages with the ratchet teeth. The pawl can rotate around the shaft. A reset element is provided on the pawl, and the pawl is connected to a rotary switch, which extends out of the fixing device. This invention uses a ratchet mechanism, eliminating the cumbersome process of wrapping gauze, making it more convenient to fix the fracture site. It can be operated by one person, and the invention provides reliable fixation, is easy to adjust, has a reasonable structure, and is easy to promote.

[0005] Although the above solution can be used by one person, it only uses a single-sided splint for fixation, which can easily cause uneven force on the injured person's position and cause secondary injury. During the transfer, the equipment may also slip. Therefore, the above solution cannot meet the actual use needs to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an easy-to-use emergency fracture splint that can be operated by one person with one hand, in order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve the objective of this invention, the following technical solution is adopted: a convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use, comprising four splints arranged along the circumferential direction; each splint is slidably connected to two connecting rods at both ends, which can be slidably connected to adjacent splints respectively; the four splints are two adjacent active splints and two adjacent driven splints respectively; each active splint is provided with a linkage part at both ends for driving the two adjacent splints to slide.

[0008] The linkage unit includes a first linkage gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and respectively connected to the connecting rod on the adjacent clamping plate; a first transmission gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate; and a linkage block slidably connected to the first transmission gear and capable of driving the first linkage gear to rotate; the two first transmission gears on the active clamping plate are connected in transmission; when one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the linkage block in the linkage unit that drives the movement of that end of the clamping plate can slide to not contact the corresponding first linkage gear.

[0009] When one end of the clamping plate is not pressed against the limbs, the corresponding linkage block drives the first linkage gear to rotate, causing the two connecting rods to slide towards each other, that is, the two clamping plates facing each other slide towards each other.

[0010] When one end of the clamp is pressed against the limbs, that end of the clamp will no longer move, while the other end of the clamp can continue to move until it is pressed against the limbs.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment: the first linkage gear is annular; the inner wall of the first linkage gear is formed with a linkage groove; the end of the linkage block facing the linkage groove is formed with a driving inclined surface capable of driving the linkage groove to rotate; and the first transmission gear is provided with a spring for causing the linkage block to slide toward the linkage groove.

[0012] When one end of the clamp is not pressed against the limbs, the motion resistance of the first linkage gear is less than the friction between the driving inclined surface and the linkage groove, and the rotation of the linkage block drives the first linkage gear to rotate.

[0013] When one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the movement resistance of the first linkage gear is greater than the friction between the driving inclined surface and the linkage groove. The linkage block rotates, causing the linkage block to slide relative to the first transmission gear, and the spring is compressed.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment: the linkage part further includes a pressure block slidably connected to the first transmission gear and an adjustment knob rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate; the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the pressure block and the linkage block respectively; the end of the adjustment knob facing the pressure block is formed with an adjustment groove that can drive the pressure block to slide; the linkage block cannot drive the adjustment groove to rotate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment: a second linkage gear is rotatably connected inside the driven clamping plate; two symmetrically arranged second racks are slidably connected inside the driven clamping plate and are respectively driven by the second linkage gear; the adjacent connecting rods can drive the second racks to slide, so that the connecting rods facing each other are always facing each other during the movement.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment: the clamping plate consists of a clamping plate shaft and two mounting chambers respectively formed at both ends of the clamping plate shaft; the clamping plate shaft is provided with an adjusting clamping plate part.

[0017] The adjusting clamping plate includes a movable clamping plate that is slidably connected to the clamping plate shaft and can rotate relative to the clamping plate shaft, and two locking parts respectively disposed at both ends of the movable clamping plate; the locking part includes a stop tube that is slidably connected to the clamping plate and can be inserted into the movable clamping plate; the rotation of the first transmission gear and the rotation of the second linkage gear can respectively drive the corresponding stop tube to slide.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment: a plurality of evenly arranged stop pins are formed at one end of the stop tube facing the movable clamping plate; a set of insertion holes is formed at the middle and both sides of one end of the movable clamping plate facing the stop tube; the set of insertion holes includes a plurality of evenly arranged stop insertion holes that can be inserted into the corresponding stop pins; when the stop pins are inserted into the stop insertion holes, the movable clamping plate is fixed relative to the clamping plate.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment: the adjusting clamping plate includes a linkage shaft rotatably connected within the clamping plate; the linkage shaft is respectively connected to the corresponding first transmission gear and the corresponding second linkage gear; the adjusting part includes a second ratchet rotatably connected to the clamping plate and unidirectionally connected to the linkage shaft; the end of the stop tube away from the moving clamping plate is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped grooves; the end of the second ratchet facing the arc-shaped groove is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped protrusions capable of driving the arc-shaped groove to slide.

[0020] When the linkage shaft rotates in the forward direction, the corresponding two clamping plates slide towards each other, the second ratchet rotates, driving the arc-shaped groove to slide until it no longer contacts the arc-shaped protrusion, and the stop tube slides to insert into the moving clamping plate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment: the linkage includes two first racks slidably connected to the active clamping plate and respectively connected to the first linkage gear; the first racks are rotatably connected to the adjacent connecting rods; the rotation axes of the two connecting rods located at the same end of the clamping plate are coaxial; when the two ends of the clamping plate move asynchronously, the connecting rods rotate relative to the first racks.

[0022] The adjusting part includes two levers rotatably connected within the clamping plate, which can drive the stop tube to slide away from the moving clamping plate; the sliding of the first rack and the sliding of the second rack can drive the corresponding lever to rotate.

[0023] When the linkage shaft rotates in the opposite direction, the corresponding two clamping plates move away from each other, the second ratchet does not rotate, thereby driving the lever to rotate, the stop tube slides so that the arc-shaped protrusion enters the arc-shaped groove, and the stop tube is not inserted with the moving clamping plate.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment: one end of the active clamping plate is provided with a driving unit; the driving unit includes a worm gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and driven by the first transmission gear, a worm rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and driven by the worm gear, and a clamping knob rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate and driven by the worm.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment: the connecting rod on the active clamping plate near the adjacent driven clamping plate consists of a short connecting rod slidably connected to the active clamping plate and a long connecting rod slidably connected to the driven clamping plate; the short connecting rod and the long connecting rod are rotatably connected.

[0026] The end of the connecting rod on the driven clamp near the other driven clamp is formed with a pointed tip for easy insertion into the clamp.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, in the initial state, the stop hole does not contact the stop post.

[0028] When applying a splint to a fracture, one person often needs to place and stabilize the splint at the fracture site, while another person secures it with bandages or other methods. This process is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and not conducive to emergency treatment. Furthermore, for open fractures with exposed wounds, splints cannot be used near the wound after debridement and hemostasis; therefore, splints must be applied away from the wound.

[0029] When using this method, the user first moves each splint (active and driven splints) to their maximum positions, and then places the entire splint around the fracture site of the limb. The user then rotates the corresponding driven splint so that its tip inserts into the insertion hole of another driven splint, with the clamp head abutting against the corresponding second rack. Next, the position of the movable splint is adjusted to its maximum position, with the splints on both sides of the wound moving away from each other. Simultaneously, the movable splint is rotated to ensure a tight fit against the limb, providing sufficient clamping force while leaving enough space for the wound to avoid bleeding or infection caused by clamping. For closed fractures, i.e., those without external wounds, there is no need to adjust the position of the movable splint. The movable splint is directly placed in the middle of the corresponding splint for installation. The movable splint always provides the maximum contact area with the limb, preventing fracture, bone fragment displacement, or bone marrow leakage, which could cause secondary injury.

[0030] Subsequently, holding the active splint firmly with one hand and rotating the corresponding clamping knob clockwise, the rotation of the clamping knob drives the clamping gear to rotate, which in turn drives the worm gear, which in turn drives the worm wheel, which in turn drives the worm gear, which in turn drives the first transmission gear to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the first transmission gear drives the linkage shaft to rotate, which in turn drives another first transmission gear on the same active splint to rotate. The rotation of the first transmission gear drives the linkage block to rotate synchronously, i.e., drives the inclined plane to rotate. When the splint is not in contact with the limbs, the resistance on the splint is less than the friction between the driving inclined plane and the driven inclined plane, i.e., the spring force. The rotation of the driving inclined plane drives the driven inclined plane to rotate, causing the first linkage gear to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the first linkage gear causes the two first racks to slide towards each other. The sliding of the first racks drives the active splint and the driven splint adjacent to the active splint to move towards each other and clamp the fracture site via the connecting rod. During this process, the long connecting rod enters the active splint, and the long connecting rod can no longer rotate relative to the short connecting rod, that is, the corresponding active splint and driven splint remain facing each other to clamp the fracture site.

[0031] During this process, when the linkage shaft starts to rotate, the first ratchet rotates, which in turn drives the second ratchet to rotate, causing the arc-shaped protrusion to rotate. The rotation of the arc-shaped protrusion drives the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove to slide, causing the stop tube to slide towards the corresponding moving clamp. The sliding of the stop tube causes the stop pin to slide until it is inserted into the stop hole. The moving clamp cannot slide relative to the clamp, thus keeping the moving clamp firmly against the limbs.

[0032] Because human limbs are not cylindrical structures, the movement distances of the two ends of the clamp are often different. As the clamping knob is rotated, once one end of the clamp is pressed against the limb, the knob continues to rotate. The resistance at the end of the clamp that is pressed against the limb increases to a level greater than the spring force. The first transmission gear rotates, driving the inclined plane to slide away from the driven inclined plane. The spring compresses and cannot drive the first linkage gear to rotate. At the same time, the first transmission gear at the end of the clamp that is not yet pressed against the limb continues to drive the corresponding first linkage gear to rotate, so that this end of the clamp is also pressed against the limb. The connecting rod rotates relative to the corresponding rack, and then the clamping knob stops rotating.

[0033] Before clamping the fracture site, the clamping force of the splint can be adjusted according to the patient's physical condition and wound condition. Rotating the adjustment knob causes the adjusting groove to rotate, which in turn moves the sliding column, thus changing the elastic force of the spring between the pressure block and the linkage block. After the clamping knob stops rotating, the self-locking structure of the worm gear and worm keeps the corresponding splint clamped. Subsequently, observe the blood supply and edema at the fracture site. If the fracture edema causes increased clamping force, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the extremities, the clamping knob can be rotated in the opposite direction. The clamping knob will cause the two ends of the corresponding splint to move synchronously, that is, the corresponding active and driven splints move in opposite directions, ensuring smooth blood supply to the extremities and reducing the patient's pain.

[0034] During this process, the active clamping plate and the driven clamping plate move towards each other, which in turn drives the two connecting rods inside the driven clamping plate to move synchronously, that is, the two second racks slide synchronously. This ensures that the active clamping plate and the driven clamping plate remain aligned during the movement, preventing the clamping plates from slipping after clamping.

[0035] Similarly, hold another active splint steady with one hand and turn the corresponding clamping knob so that the corresponding active splint and driven splint clamp the fracture site. Finally, the four splints stably clamp the fracture site.

[0036] During disassembly, rotating the clamping knob in the opposite direction causes the first linkage gear to rotate in the opposite direction, resulting in the two corresponding first racks sliding in opposite directions. The clamping plate then releases its grip, and the sliding first racks come into contact with one end of the lever, causing the lever to rotate. The lever's rotation causes the U-shaped fork to rotate, which in turn causes the driven pin to slide, causing the stop pin to slide until it no longer contacts the stop hole, allowing the moving clamping plate to move relative to the clamping plate. Similarly, rotating the other clamping knob in the opposite direction removes the entire assembly.

[0037] This invention features a movable splint. The movable splint slides to avoid open fracture wounds, preventing bleeding or infection. Simultaneously, the rotation of the movable splint ensures it maintains a sufficiently large clamping area against the limbs, preventing fractures, bone fragment displacement, or bone marrow leakage that could cause secondary injury. Furthermore, the movable splint is secured by a stop pin inserted through the opposing movement of the splints, without adding any new operating steps. It is simple and convenient to use, shortens rescue time, and improves the success rate of rescue.

[0038] This invention features a linkage shaft. Rotation of the linkage shaft causes two first racks to slide, which in turn causes the corresponding active and driven splints to slide towards each other to clamp the fracture site. It can be operated by a single person with one hand, making it suitable for both self-rescue and assisting others. It is convenient and quick to use, shortening rescue time. Simultaneously, the rotation of the linkage shaft causes the stop tube to slide, allowing the stop pin to engage with the stop hole, restricting the movement of the movable splint and maintaining a sufficiently large clamping area. The structure is simple and has a low failure rate.

[0039] This invention features a first rack. When the two racks slide towards each other, they cause the clamps to move towards each other to clamp the fracture site, making it convenient to use. When the two first racks slide away from each other, the sliding of the first racks can drive the lever to rotate, thereby preventing the stop pin from contacting the stop hole. This allows the clamps to be adjusted and moved for easy use next time. No new operating steps are added, making it simple and convenient to use.

[0040] This invention features a linkage block. When the clamp is not clamping, the linkage block rotates, driving the first linkage gear to rotate, causing both ends of the clamp to slide synchronously for clamping. When one end of the clamp is clamped, the linkage block rotates relative to the first linkage gear, but the first linkage gear at the other end continues to rotate, thus causing the other end of the clamp to move and clamp as well. This simple operation allows for quick clamping, enabling one person to perform emergency treatment with one hand. In addition, when insufficient blood supply to the extremities or wound edema causes the clamp to be too tight, the linkage block rotates in the opposite direction, causing the clamped ends of the clamp to loosen synchronously, facilitating later adjustments and reducing the patient's pain.

[0041] This invention can be operated by a single person with one hand, making it convenient to clamp the fracture site. It can be used for both first aid and self-rescue. The clamping position of the splint can be adjusted to ensure a sufficiently large clamping area while avoiding the wound of an open fracture, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. After clamping the fracture site, the clamping force can be easily adjusted to avoid excessive clamping or insufficient blood supply caused by edema. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the active clamping plate of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the linkage part of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment knob of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the drive unit of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the adjusting clamp part of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 10 This is an exploded structural diagram of the driven clamp of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention for clamping the fracture site.

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before installation of the present invention.

[0054] 10. Active clamping plate; 20. Driven clamping plate; 31. Connecting rod; 311. Long connecting rod; 312. Short connecting rod; 313. Pointed end; 4. Adjusting clamping plate section; 41. Moving clamping plate; 411. Stopping hole; 42. Linkage shaft; 421. First ratchet; 43. Stopping tube; 431. Stopping post; 432. Arc-shaped groove; 433. Driven post; 44. Second ratchet; 441. Arc-shaped protrusion; 45. Lever; 451. U-shaped fork; 5. Linkage section; 51. First rack; 52. First transmission gear 521. Wheel; 521. Radial groove; 53. First linkage gear; 531. Linkage groove; 5311. Driven inclined plane; 54. Adjusting knob; 541. Adjusting inclined groove; 55. Linkage block; 551. Drive inclined plane; 56. Pressure block; 561. Sliding column; 57. Spring; 6. Drive unit; 61. Clamping knob; 611. Clamping gear; 62. Worm gear; 621. Worm; 63. Worm wheel; 631. Worm wheel gear; 71. Second rack; 72. Second linkage gear; 721. Second transmission gear. Detailed Implementation

[0055] according to Figures 1 to 12As shown in the figure, the convenient first aid fracture splint and its usage method described in this embodiment include four splints arranged in a circumferential direction; two L-shaped connecting rods 31 are slidably connected to both ends of each splint, which can be slidably connected to adjacent splints respectively; the four splints are two adjacent active splints 10 and two adjacent driven splints 20 respectively; each active splint 10 is provided with a linkage part 5 at both ends for driving the two adjacent splints to slide.

[0056] The linkage part 5 includes a first linkage gear 53 rotatably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and respectively driven by the connecting rod 31 on the adjacent clamping plate; a first transmission gear 52 rotatably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and coaxially arranged with the first linkage gear 53; and a plurality of linkage blocks 53 slidably connected to the first transmission gear 52 along the circumferential direction and capable of driving the first linkage gear 53 to rotate; the two first transmission gears 52 on the active clamping plate 10 are drivenly connected; when one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the linkage block 53 in the linkage part 5 that drives the movement of that end of the clamping plate can slide to not contact the corresponding first linkage gear 53.

[0057] When one end of the splint is not pressed against the limb, the corresponding linkage block 53 drives the first linkage gear 53 to rotate, causing the two connecting rods 31 to slide towards each other, that is, the two splints facing each other to slide towards each other, thereby enabling quick clamping and fixation of the fracture position. It is simple to use and can be operated by one person with one hand.

[0058] When one end of the splint is pressed against the limb, that end of the splint will no longer move, while the other end of the splint can continue to move until it is pressed against the limb, so that the splint fits the limb completely, providing a sufficiently large support area to prevent secondary injury from fracture.

[0059] The first linkage gear 53 is annular; the inner wall of the first linkage gear 53 is uniformly formed with a plurality of linkage grooves 531; the end of the linkage block 53 facing the linkage groove 531 is formed with a driving inclined surface 551 capable of driving the linkage groove 531 to rotate; the linkage groove 531 is formed with a driven inclined surface 5311 capable of abutting against the driving inclined surface 551; the first transmission gear 52 is provided with a plurality of springs 57 respectively used to make the linkage block 53 slide towards the linkage groove 531.

[0060] When one end of the clamp is not pressed against the limbs, the movement resistance of the first linkage gear 53 is less than the friction between the driving inclined surface 551 and the linkage groove 531, and the rotation of the linkage block 53 drives the first linkage gear 53 to rotate.

[0061] When one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the movement resistance of the first linkage gear 53 is greater than the friction between the driving inclined surface 551 and the linkage groove 531. The linkage block 53 rotates, causing the linkage block 53 to slide relative to the first transmission gear 52, and the spring 57 is compressed.

[0062] The linkage part 5 further includes multiple pressure blocks 56 slidably connected to the first transmission gear 52 and an adjustment knob 54 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate 10; the two ends of the spring 57 are fixedly connected to the pressure blocks 56 and the linkage block 55 respectively; the first transmission gear 52 is formed with multiple radial grooves 521 that are slidably connected to the pressure blocks 56 and the linkage block 55 respectively; the end of the adjustment knob 54 facing the pressure block 56 is formed with multiple adjustment grooves 541 that can drive the pressure block 56 to slide; the pressure block 56 is formed with a sliding column 561 that is slidably connected to the corresponding adjustment groove 541; the inclination angle of the adjustment groove 541 makes the sliding column 56 and the adjustment groove 541 self-locking; the linkage block 55 cannot drive the adjustment groove 541 to rotate.

[0063] The driven clamp 20 is rotatably connected to a second linkage gear 72; the driven clamp 20 is slidably connected to two symmetrically arranged second racks 71, which are respectively driven by the second linkage gear 72; the adjacent connecting rods 31 can drive the second racks 71 to slide, so that the connecting rods facing each other are always facing each other during the movement, preventing the clamping position from slipping.

[0064] The clamping plate consists of a clamping plate shaft and two mounting chambers respectively formed at both ends of the clamping plate shaft; the clamping plate shaft is provided with an adjusting clamping plate part 4.

[0065] The adjusting clamping plate part 4 includes a movable clamping plate 41 that is slidably connected to the clamping plate shaft and can rotate relative to the clamping plate shaft, and two locking parts respectively disposed at both ends of the movable clamping plate 41; the locking part includes a stop tube 43 that is slidably connected to the clamping plate and can be inserted into the movable clamping plate 41; the rotation of the first transmission gear 52 and the rotation of the second linkage gear 72 can respectively drive the corresponding stop tube 43 to slide.

[0066] The movable clamping plate 41 is formed with a through slot along its length that is slidably connected to the clamping plate shaft.

[0067] The stop tube 43 has a plurality of evenly arranged stop pins 431 formed at one end facing the movable clamping plate 41; the movable clamping plate 41 has a set of insertion holes formed at the middle and both sides of one end facing the stop tube 43; the set of insertion holes includes a plurality of evenly arranged stop insertion holes 411 that can be inserted into the corresponding stop pins 431; when the stop pins 431 are inserted into the stop insertion holes 411, the movable clamping plate 41 is fixed relative to the clamping plate.

[0068] The adjusting clamping plate 4 includes a linkage shaft 42 rotatably connected within the clamping plate; the linkage shaft 42 is respectively connected to the corresponding first transmission gear 52 and the corresponding second linkage gear 72; the second linkage gear 72 is formed with a second transmission gear 721 that is connected to the corresponding linkage shaft 42; the adjusting part includes a second ratchet 44 rotatably connected to the clamping plate and unidirectionally connected to the linkage shaft 42; the two ends of the linkage shaft 42 are respectively formed with first ratchet 421 that are unidirectionally connected to the corresponding second ratchet 44; the end of the stop tube 43 away from the moving clamping plate 41 is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped grooves 432; the end of the second ratchet 44 facing the arc-shaped grooves 432 is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped protrusions 441 that can drive the arc-shaped grooves 432 to slide.

[0069] When the linkage shaft 42 rotates in the forward direction, the corresponding two clamping plates slide towards each other, the second ratchet 44 rotates, driving the arc groove 432 to slide until it does not contact the arc protrusion 441, and the stop tube 43 slides to insert into the moving clamping plate 41.

[0070] The linkage part 5 includes two first racks 51 that are slidably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and are respectively connected to the first linkage gear 53; the first racks 51 are rotatably connected to the adjacent connecting rods 31; the rotation axes of the two connecting rods 31 located at the same end of the clamping plate are coaxial; when the two ends of the clamping plate move asynchronously, the connecting rods 31 rotate relative to the first racks 51.

[0071] The adjustment unit includes two levers 45 rotatably connected within the clamping plate, which can drive the stop tube 43 to slide away from the moving clamping plate 41; the sliding of the first rack 51 and the sliding of the second rack 71 can drive the corresponding levers 45 to rotate.

[0072] The outer wall of the stop tube 43 is formed with two symmetrically arranged driven columns 433; the lever 45 has a U-shaped fork 451 formed at one end facing the stop tube 43 for driving the driven columns 433 to slide.

[0073] When the linkage shaft 42 rotates in the opposite direction, the two corresponding clamps move away from each other, the second ratchet 44 does not rotate, thereby driving the lever 45 to rotate, the stop tube 43 slides so that the arc-shaped protrusion 441 enters the arc-shaped groove 432, and the stop tube 43 is not inserted with the moving clamp 41.

[0074] One end of the active clamping plate 10 is provided with a driving unit 6. The driving unit 6 includes a worm gear 63 rotatably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and driven by the first transmission gear 52, a worm 621 rotatably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and driven by the worm gear 63, and a clamping knob 61 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate 10 and driven by the worm 621. Because there is a self-locking between the worm gear 63 and the worm 621, the worm gear 63 cannot drive the worm 621 to rotate. That is, after the clamping plate clamps, it cannot slide freely, and the first transmission gear 52 cannot rotate, which facilitates the rotation adjustment of the adjustment knob 54 mounted on the first transmission gear 52.

[0075] The clamping knob 61 has a clamping gear 611 formed on its lower end, which is coaxially arranged; the worm gear 62 is formed on the worm 621, which is coaxially arranged and drivesly connected to the clamping gear 611; the worm wheel 63 has a worm gear 631 formed on its worm wheel, which is coaxially arranged and drivesly connected to the first transmission gear 52.

[0076] The connecting rod 31 on the active clamping plate 10 near the adjacent driven clamping plate 20 consists of a short connecting rod 312 slidably connected to the active clamping plate 10 and a long connecting rod 311 slidably connected to the driven clamping plate 20; the short connecting rod 312 and the long connecting rod 311 are rotatably connected.

[0077] The end of the connecting rod 31 on the driven clamp 20 near the other driven clamp 20 is formed with a pointed tip 313 for easy insertion into the clamp; after the pointed tip 313 is inserted into the corresponding driven clamp 20, it abuts against the second rack 71 and can drive the second rack 71 to slide.

[0078] In the initial state, the stop socket 411 is not in contact with the stop post 431.

[0079] When applying a splint to a fracture, one person often needs to place and stabilize the splint at the fracture site, while another person secures it with bandages or other methods. This process is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and not conducive to emergency treatment. Furthermore, for open fractures with exposed wounds, splints cannot be used near the wound after debridement and hemostasis; therefore, splints must be applied away from the wound.

[0080] When using this method, the user first moves each splint (active splint 10 and driven splint 20) to their extreme positions, and then places the entire splint around the fracture site of the limb. The user then rotates the corresponding driven splint 20 so that the pointed end 313 inserts into the insertion hole of another driven splint 20, with the clamping end 313 abutting against the corresponding second rack 71. Next, the position of the movable splint 41 is adjusted so that it is moved to its extreme position, with the movable splints 41 on both sides of the wound moving away from each other. Simultaneously, the movable splint 41 is rotated to ensure a tight fit with the limb, providing sufficient clamping force while leaving enough space for the wound to avoid bleeding or infection caused by clamping. For closed fractures, i.e., those without external wounds, there is no need to adjust the position of the movable splint 41. The movable splint 41 is directly placed in the middle of the corresponding splint for installation. The movable splint 41 always provides the maximum contact area with the limb, preventing fracture, bone fragment displacement, or bone marrow leakage, thus preventing secondary injury.

[0081] Subsequently, holding the active clamping plate 10 firmly with one hand and rotating the corresponding clamping knob 61 clockwise, the rotation of the clamping knob 61 drives the clamping gear 611 to rotate. The rotation of the clamping gear 611 drives the worm gear 62 to rotate, i.e., the worm 621 rotates. The rotation of the worm gear 621 drives the worm wheel 63 to rotate, i.e., the worm gear 631 rotates. The rotation of the worm gear 631 drives the first transmission gear 52 to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the first transmission gear 52 drives the linkage shaft 42 to rotate, which in turn causes another first transmission gear 52 on the same active clamping plate 10 to rotate. The rotation of the first transmission gear 52 drives the linkage block 55 to rotate synchronously, i.e., the driving inclined plane 551 rotates. When the clamping plate is not in contact with the limbs, the resistance experienced by the clamping plate is less than the frictional force between the driving inclined plane 551 and the driven inclined plane 531, i.e., the elastic force of the spring 57. The rotation of the driving inclined plane 551 drives the driven inclined plane 531 to rotate, causing the first linkage gear 53 to rotate clockwise. The first linkage gear 53 rotates in the forward direction, causing the two first racks 51 to slide towards each other. The sliding of the first racks 51, through the connecting rod 31, causes the active splint 10 and the driven splint 20 adjacent to the active splint 10 to move towards each other and clamp the fracture site. During this process, the long connecting rod 311 enters into the active splint 10, and the long connecting rod 311 can no longer rotate relative to the short connecting rod 312, that is, the corresponding active splint 10 and driven splint 20 remain facing each other to clamp the fracture site.

[0082] During this process, when the linkage shaft 42 starts to rotate, the first ratchet 421 rotates, which drives the second ratchet 44 to rotate, causing the arc-shaped protrusion 441 to rotate. The rotation of the arc-shaped protrusion 441 drives the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 432 to slide, causing the stop tube 43 to slide towards the corresponding moving clamp 41. The sliding of the stop tube 43 causes the stop pin 431 to slide until it is inserted into the stop hole 411. The moving clamp 41 cannot slide relative to the clamp, so that the moving clamp 41 remains in close contact with the limbs.

[0083] Since the human limbs are not cylindrical structures, the movement distances of the two ends of the clamp are often different. As the clamping knob 61 rotates, once one end of the clamp is pressed against the limb, the clamping knob 61 continues to rotate. The resistance at the end of the clamp that is pressed against the limb increases to exceed the elastic force of the spring 57. The first transmission gear 52 rotates, driving the inclined plane 551 to slide away from the driven inclined plane 531. The spring 57 is compressed and cannot drive the first linkage gear 53 to rotate. At the same time, the first transmission gear 52 at the end of the clamp that is not yet pressed against the limb continues to drive the corresponding first linkage gear 53 to rotate, so that this end of the clamp is also pressed against the limb. The connecting rod 31 rotates relative to the corresponding rack. Then, the clamping knob 61 stops rotating.

[0084] Before clamping the fracture site, the clamping force of the splint can be adjusted according to the patient's physical condition and wound condition. Rotating the adjustment knob 54 causes the adjustment groove 541 to rotate, which in turn causes the sliding column 561 to slide, thus changing the elastic force of the spring 57 between the pressure block 56 and the linkage block 55. After the clamping knob 61 stops rotating, the self-locking structure of the worm gear 63 and worm 621 keeps the corresponding splint clamped. Subsequently, the blood supply and edema at the fracture site are observed. If the fracture edema causes an increase in the clamping force of the splint, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the extremities, the clamping knob 61 can be rotated in the opposite direction. The clamping knob 61 causes the two ends of the corresponding splint to move synchronously, that is, the corresponding active splint 10 and driven splint 20 move in a direction away from each other, ensuring smooth blood supply to the extremities and reducing the patient's pain.

[0085] During this process, the active clamping plate 10 and the driven clamping plate 20 move toward each other, while simultaneously driving the two connecting rods 31 inside the driven clamping plate 20 to move synchronously, that is, the two second racks 71 slide synchronously, thereby ensuring that the active clamping plate 10 and the driven clamping plate 20 always remain aligned during the movement, preventing the clamping plates from slipping after clamping.

[0086] Similarly, by holding another active splint 10 steady with one hand and rotating the corresponding clamping knob 61, the corresponding active splint 10 and driven splint 20 clamp the fracture site, and finally, the four splints stably clamp the fracture site.

[0087] During disassembly, rotating the clamping knob 61 in the reverse direction causes the first linkage gear 53 to rotate in the opposite direction, resulting in the two corresponding first racks 51 sliding in opposite directions. The clamping plate then releases its grip. Simultaneously, the reverse sliding of the first racks 51 abuts against one end of the lever 45, causing the lever 45 to rotate. The rotation of the lever 45 causes the U-shaped fork 451 to rotate, which in turn causes the driven post 433 to slide, causing the stop post 431 to slide until it no longer contacts the stop hole 411, allowing the moving clamping plate 41 to move relative to the clamping plate. Similarly, rotating the other clamping knob 61 in the reverse direction removes the entire assembly.

[0088] This invention features a movable splint 41. The movable splint 41 slides to avoid open fracture wounds, preventing bleeding or infection. At the same time, the rotation of the movable splint 41 ensures that it maintains a sufficiently large clamping area against the limbs, preventing fractures, bone fragment displacement, or bone marrow leakage that could cause secondary injury. Furthermore, the movable splint 41 is fixed by the opposing movement of the splints driving the insertion of the stop pin 431, without adding any new operating steps. It is simple and convenient to use, shortens rescue time, and improves the success rate of rescue.

[0089] This invention features a linkage shaft 42. Rotation of the linkage shaft 42 causes two first racks 51 to slide, which in turn causes the corresponding active clamp 10 and driven clamp 20 to slide towards each other and clamp the fracture site. This allows for operation by a single person using only one hand, making it suitable for both self-rescue and assisting others. It is convenient and quick to use, shortening rescue time. Simultaneously, the rotation of the linkage shaft 42 causes the stop tube 43 to slide, allowing the stop pin 431 to engage with the stop hole 411, restricting the movement of the movable clamp 41 and maintaining a sufficiently large clamping area. The structure is simple and has a low failure rate.

[0090] This invention features a first rack 51. When the two racks 51 slide towards each other, they cause the splints to move towards each other to clamp the fracture site, making it convenient to use. When the two first racks 51 slide away from each other, the sliding of the first racks 51 can drive the lever 45 to rotate, thereby preventing the stop pin 431 from contacting the stop hole 411. This allows for adjustment of the movable splint 41, facilitating future use without adding any new operating steps, making it simple and convenient to use.

[0091] This invention features a linkage block 55. When the clamp is not clamping, the linkage block 55 rotates, driving the first linkage gear 53 to rotate, causing both ends of the clamp to slide synchronously for clamping. When one end of the clamp is clamped, the linkage block 55 rotates relative to the first linkage gear 53, while the first linkage gear 53 at the other end continues to rotate, thus causing the other end of the clamp to move and clamp as well. This simple operation allows for quick clamping of the clamp, enabling one person to perform emergency treatment with one hand. In addition, when insufficient blood supply to the extremities or wound edema causes the clamp to be too tight, the linkage block 55 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the clamped clamps at both ends to loosen synchronously, facilitating later adjustments and reducing the patient's pain.

[0092] This invention can be operated by a single person with one hand, making it convenient to clamp the fracture site. It can be used for both first aid and self-rescue. The clamping position of the splint can be adjusted to ensure a sufficiently large clamping area while avoiding the wound of an open fracture, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. After clamping the fracture site, the clamping force can be easily adjusted to avoid excessive clamping or insufficient blood supply caused by edema.

Claims

1. A convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use, characterized in that: It includes four clamping plates arranged along the circumferential direction; each clamping plate has two connecting rods slidably connected to its two ends, which can be slidably connected to the adjacent clamping plates respectively; the four clamping plates are two adjacent active clamping plates and two adjacent passive clamping plates; each active clamping plate has a linkage part at its two ends for driving the two adjacent clamping plates to slide. The linkage unit includes a first linkage gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and respectively connected to the connecting rod on the adjacent clamping plate; a first transmission gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate; and a linkage block slidably connected to the first transmission gear and capable of driving the first linkage gear to rotate; the two first transmission gears on the active clamping plate are connected in transmission; when one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the linkage block in the linkage unit that drives the movement of that end of the clamping plate can slide to not contact the corresponding first linkage gear; When one end of the clamping plate is not pressed against the limbs, the corresponding linkage block drives the first linkage gear to rotate, causing the two connecting rods to slide towards each other, that is, the two clamping plates facing each other slide towards each other. When one end of the clamp is pressed against the limbs, that end of the clamp will no longer move, while the other end of the clamp can continue to move until it is pressed against the limbs.

2. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first linkage gear is annular; a linkage groove is formed on the inner wall of the first linkage gear; a driving inclined surface capable of driving the linkage groove to rotate is formed on one end of the linkage block facing the linkage groove; a spring is provided on the first transmission gear for sliding the linkage block toward the linkage groove. When one end of the clamping plate is not pressed against the limbs, the motion resistance of the first linkage gear is less than the friction between the driving inclined surface and the linkage groove, and the rotation of the linkage block drives the first linkage gear to rotate. When one end of the clamping plate is pressed against the limbs, the movement resistance of the first linkage gear is greater than the friction between the driving inclined surface and the linkage groove. The linkage block rotates, causing the linkage block to slide relative to the first transmission gear, and the spring is compressed.

3. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage also includes a pressure block slidably connected to the first transmission gear and an adjustment knob rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate; the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the pressure block and the linkage block respectively; the end of the adjustment knob facing the pressure block is formed with an adjustment groove that can drive the pressure block to slide; the linkage block cannot drive the adjustment groove to rotate.

4. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The driven clamp is rotatably connected to a second linkage gear; the driven clamp is slidably connected to two symmetrically arranged second racks, which are respectively driven by the second linkage gear; the adjacent connecting rods can drive the second racks to slide, so that the connecting rods facing each other are always facing each other during the movement.

5. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping plate consists of a clamping plate shaft and two mounting chambers respectively formed at both ends of the clamping plate shaft; the clamping plate shaft is provided with an adjusting clamping plate part; The adjusting clamping plate includes a movable clamping plate that is slidably connected to the clamping plate shaft and can rotate relative to the clamping plate shaft, and two locking parts respectively disposed at both ends of the movable clamping plate; the locking part includes a stop tube that is slidably connected to the clamping plate and can be inserted into the movable clamping plate; the rotation of the first transmission gear and the rotation of the second linkage gear can respectively drive the corresponding stop tube to slide.

6. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The stop tube has a plurality of evenly arranged stop pins formed at one end facing the movable clamp; the movable clamp has a set of insertion holes formed at the middle and both sides of one end facing the stop tube; the set of insertion holes includes a plurality of evenly arranged stop insertion holes that can be inserted into the corresponding stop pins; when the stop pins are inserted into the stop insertion holes, the movable clamp is fixed relative to the clamp.

7. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting clamping plate includes a linkage shaft rotatably connected within the clamping plate; the linkage shaft is respectively connected to the corresponding first transmission gear and the corresponding second linkage gear; the adjusting part includes a second ratchet rotatably connected to the clamping plate and unidirectionally connected to the linkage shaft; the end of the stop tube away from the moving clamping plate is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped grooves; the end of the second ratchet facing the arc-shaped groove is formed with a plurality of evenly arranged arc-shaped protrusions capable of driving the arc-shaped groove to slide. When the linkage shaft rotates in the forward direction, the corresponding two clamping plates slide towards each other, the second ratchet rotates, driving the arc-shaped groove to slide until it no longer contacts the arc-shaped protrusion, and the stop tube slides to insert into the moving clamping plate.

8. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage unit includes two first racks slidably connected to the active clamping plate and respectively connected to the first linkage gear; the first racks are rotatably connected to the adjacent connecting rods; the rotation axes of the two connecting rods located at the same end of the clamping plate are coaxial; when the two ends of the clamping plate move asynchronously, the connecting rods rotate relative to the first racks. The adjusting part includes two levers rotatably connected within the clamping plate, which can drive the stop tube to slide away from the moving clamping plate; the sliding of the first rack and the sliding of the second rack can drive the corresponding lever to rotate; When the linkage shaft rotates in the opposite direction, the corresponding two clamps move away from each other, the second ratchet does not rotate, and thus drives the lever to rotate. The stop tube slides, causing the arc-shaped protrusion to enter the arc-shaped groove, and the stop tube is not inserted into the moving clamp.

9. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the active clamping plate is provided with a driving unit; the driving unit includes a worm gear rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and driven by the first transmission gear, a worm rotatably connected to the active clamping plate and driven by the worm gear, and a clamping knob rotatably connected to the outer wall of the active clamping plate and driven by the worm.

10. The convenient first-aid fracture splint and its method of use as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod on the active clamping plate near the adjacent driven clamping plate consists of a short connecting rod slidably connected to the active clamping plate and a long connecting rod slidably connected to the driven clamping plate; the short connecting rod and the long connecting rod are rotatably connected. The end of the connecting rod on the driven clamp near the other driven clamp is formed with a pointed tip for easy insertion into the clamp.

Images