Film impurity electrostatic separation device and method based on double-roller current feedback

Abstract

The invention relates to a film impurity electrostatic separation device and method based on double-roller current feedback, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The device comprises a collecting device, a crushing device and an electrostatic separation device, wherein the electrostatic separation device adopts a grid type outer roller and a columnar inner roller structure which are coaxially arranged; the grid-type outer roller is grounded, driven by a driving mechanism to rotate and connected with a negative high-voltage power supply to charge the surface of the grid-type outer roller; and a current sensor is connected in series on the supporting shaft of the columnar inner roller and is electrically connected with the central controller. The cylindrical inner roller can be connected with a positive high-voltage power supply to form an adsorption electric field. And the central controller adjusts the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply or the rotating speed of the grid type outer roller in real time according to the electrostatic micro-current change detected by the current sensor. When it is detected that the impurity proportion in the working gap is increased, the controller automatically increases the output voltage and / or reduces the rotating speed of the outer roller so as to adapt to different material states, and the separation purity and the operation stability are improved. Real-time monitoring and self-adaptive regulation and control in the membrane impurity separation process are achieved, and the problems that a traditional fixed parameter separation device is poor in working condition adaptability and prone to blockage are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically to an electrostatic separation device for the subsequent processing of residual agricultural film. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electrostatic separation technology for agricultural film residue, existing devices typically rely on electric fields and mechanical structures with fixed parameters for separation. The main technical bottleneck lies in the fact that key parameters such as voltage and drum speed during the separation process cannot be adjusted in real time according to changes in material composition (such as impurity content and humidity), resulting in poor adaptability to operating conditions and significant fluctuations in separation efficiency. Simultaneously, the lack of real-time monitoring methods for the material state within the drum gaps makes it difficult to predict and prevent blockages caused by impurity accumulation, affecting the stability and energy efficiency of continuous equipment operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent separation technology capable of real-time sensing of operating conditions and dynamic adjustment of operating parameters to improve the purity of recycled film and the reliability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a membrane electrostatic separation device and method based on dual-roller current feedback, so as to solve the problems of fixed separation parameters, inability to adapt to changes in materials, easy clogging, and low separation purity in the prior art.

[0004] The device described in this invention includes a collection device, a crushing device, and an electrostatic separation device arranged sequentially. The electrostatic separation device includes a coaxially arranged mesh-type outer roller and a cylindrical inner roller. The mesh-type outer roller is grounded and driven to rotate by a drive mechanism, and is connected to a negative high-voltage power supply. The mesh-type outer roller adopts a conductive mesh structure with a mesh aperture size between that of residual film fragments and soil particles, facilitating impurity detachment and residual film adsorption. The cylindrical inner roller can be connected to a positive high-voltage power supply, and a current sensor is connected in series on its support shaft. The current sensor is connected to a central controller, and a positive high voltage can be applied to the surface of the cylindrical inner roller to enhance the adsorption of negatively charged residual film. The central controller adjusts the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply and / or the rotational speed of the mesh-type outer roller in real time based on the electrostatic micro-current signal characteristics collected by the current sensor, thereby achieving adaptive control of the membrane impurity separation process.

[0005] First, a collection device picks up the impurity-laden film, which is then crushed by a crushing device and sent to an electrostatic separation device. A negative high voltage is applied to the surface of the mesh-type outer roller, causing the passing film to become negatively charged. A positive high voltage is applied to the surface of the columnar inner roller, forming an adsorption electric field that adsorbs the negatively charged film, while impurities fall off from the outer roller mesh. A current sensor detects the electrostatic microcurrent on the inner roller support shaft in real time. The central controller identifies the proportion of impurities in the working gap based on the current change and adjusts the high voltage output voltage and / or the outer roller speed accordingly to optimize the separation effect.

[0006] This invention achieves closed-loop control through current feedback, which can adapt to materials with different impurity rates and humidity, improve separation purity, prevent clogging, and enhance the reliability of continuous system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a top view and a side view schematic diagram of a membrane impurity electrostatic separation device based on dual-roller current feedback.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a membrane impurity electrostatic separation device based on dual-roller current feedback.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a working logic block diagram of the current sensor in a membrane impurity electrostatic separation device and method based on dual-roller current feedback.

[0010] Figure 2 In the middle: 1-wheel and calibration wheel, 2-transmission track, 3-gear, 4-inner cylindrical roller, 5-outer mesh roller, 6-current sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The structural principles and implementation schemes of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0012] This invention relates to a membrane electrostatic separation device and method based on dual-drum current feedback. The device comprises a collection device, a crushing device, a separation device, and a current sensor, etc. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the system uses a motor to drive a collecting wheel to collect and transport materials mixed with soil, residual plastic film, and other impurities to a conveyor belt. The material is then continuously fed into a crushing device via the conveyor belt, where large soil clumps and mixed debris are efficiently crushed into smaller, uniform particles for subsequent separation.

[0013] The pulverized mixture enters the core electrostatic separation device. This device employs a dual-drum collaborative design: the outer drum is a mesh-type rotating drum connected to a negative high-voltage electrostatic generator, forming a uniform, strong corona electric field on the drum surface. The high-voltage corona ionizes the air around the electrodes, generating a large number of negatively charged particles, which are accelerated and impact the surface of the mulch film under the influence of the electric field. Since the mulch film is typically composed of highly insulating polymer materials, these negative charges are captured and accumulated on its surface, giving the mulch film a stable negative static charge.

[0014] Meanwhile, the inner roller is connected to a positive high-voltage electrostatic generator, establishing a high-voltage electrostatic field opposite to that of the negative high-voltage outer roller. The negatively charged plastic film is adsorbed onto the surface of the inner roller under the influence of Coulomb force and moves directionally with its rotation. Soil particles and other highly conductive impurities, unable to maintain their static charge, are discharged through the grid structure of the outer roller under the influence of gravity and centrifugal force, thus achieving effective separation of the plastic film from the soil and impurities.

[0015] like Figure 3 As shown, the current sensor collects electrostatic micro-current signals in real time. After signal preprocessing by the signal conditioning circuit and AD conversion module, the amplitude, waveform, and other characteristic parameters of the micro-current are calculated by feature extraction algorithms (such as the eigenvalue threshold method). The status recognition processor performs matching analysis on the characteristic parameters to determine the impurity ratio within the working gap. When an increase in the impurity ratio is detected, the control system sends a voltage adjustment command to the high-voltage power supply (increasing the output voltage) and / or a speed adjustment command to the drive mechanism (reducing the speed of the mesh external roller), thereby dynamically optimizing the separation conditions. In addition, the system is equipped with a fault diagnosis and status monitoring module, which can monitor the high-voltage power supply and roller operating status in real time, and perform abnormal alarms, fault resets, and other operations to ensure continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0016] This separation process makes full use of the differences in the dielectric properties of the materials and achieves efficient and continuous membrane impurity separation through precise control of the high-voltage electrostatic field.

[0017] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double drum current feedback based membrane impurities electrostatic separation device and method, comprising a collection device, a crushing device, a membrane impurity separation device, a current sensor and the like, characterized in that, The core membrane impurity separation device of the apparatus consists of a coaxially arranged mesh-type outer roller and a cylindrical inner roller. The mesh-type outer roller is grounded and driven to rotate by a drive mechanism. The mesh-type outer roller is connected to a negative high-voltage power supply to charge its surface. The cylindrical inner roller can be connected to a positive high-voltage power supply, and a current sensor is connected in series on its support shaft. The current sensor is electrically connected to a central controller. The central controller is configured to adjust the output parameters of the high-voltage power supply or the rotational speed of the mesh-type outer roller in real time based on the change in electrostatic microcurrent of the charged inner roller detected by the current sensor.

2. The membrane impurity electrostatic separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder wall of the mesh-type outer roller is made of conductive mesh material, with a mesh aperture smaller than the minimum size of the target residual film fragments and larger than the maximum size of the main soil particles; an annular working gap is formed between the columnar inner roller and the mesh-type outer roller; the central controller is further configured to: when the electrostatic microcurrent signal characteristics indicate that the proportion of impurities in the working gap is increasing, control the high-voltage power supply to increase the output voltage, and / or control the drive mechanism to reduce the rotational speed of the mesh-type outer roller.

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