Wheat seed quality detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat seed quality detection device and a detection method thereof. The wheat seed quality detection device comprises a first workbench, a second workbench, a seed vibration feeding machine arranged on the first workbench, a seed conveying device connected with the seed vibration feeding machine, and a seed inspection device arranged on the second workbench, the seed inspection device comprises a seed rotary conveying device, a seed side optical detection device, a seed top optical detection device and a seed collection device; a gear rotating motor is arranged on one side of the seed rotary conveying device; the device has the beneficial effects of extremely high automation and detection efficiency: through the full-process design of seed vibration feeding, conveying, multi-dimensional optical detection (side surface and top), multi-stage sorting (blowing-out and adsorption) and automatic collection, high automation is realized, manual intervention is thoroughly eliminated, the labor intensity and potential personal errors are greatly reduced, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved. And the production efficiency and the productivity are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wheat seed quality testing technology, and particularly relates to a wheat seed quality testing device and its testing method. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the world's major food crops, the quality of wheat seeds directly affects the yield, quality, and efficiency of agricultural production. High-quality wheat seeds not only ensure high germination rates and robust seedlings, but also play a decisive role in improving resistance to pests and diseases, adaptability to adverse environments, and ultimately, grain yield and quality. Therefore, rapid, accurate, and comprehensive quality testing of seeds is particularly important in the wheat breeding, seed production, and sales stages. Traditional seed quality testing methods, such as visual inspection, manual screening, thousand-seed weight measurement, and germination tests, generally suffer from low efficiency, slow testing speed, strong subjectivity, susceptibility to human factors, and high labor intensity. For the testing needs of large batches of seeds, these traditional methods are insufficient to meet the efficiency and accuracy requirements of modern agricultural production, and the repeatability and consistency of test results are poor. For example, while visual inspection can identify macroscopic features such as seed color and shape, it is often difficult to accurately judge subtle internal or microscopic defects such as lesions, insect infestation, mechanical damage, and plumpness. Furthermore, prolonged repetitive work can easily lead to visual fatigue, affecting the accuracy of the test. Although germination tests can directly reflect seed vigor, they are time-consuming and cannot achieve immediate screening. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing automated inspection technologies mostly employ machine vision technology, which acquires and analyzes seed images from a single perspective (such as the top or side). However, single-perspective inspection often fails to comprehensively acquire information about the external characteristics of the seed, potentially leading to the missed detection of certain hidden defects. For example, if only the top is inspected, defects such as insect holes, ventral groove cracks, or mechanical damage that may exist on the side of the seed are difficult to detect. Conversely, if only the side is inspected, damage to the embryo, malformation of the tip, or lesions in the tip (brush) of the ear of the seed may also be overlooked. This limitation affects the accuracy and reliability of the inspection to some extent, failing to fully meet the needs of comprehensive seed quality assessment.

[0004] This invention achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: A wheat seed quality testing device, comprising a first workbench, a second workbench, a seed vibrating feeder disposed on the first workbench, a seed conveying device connected to the seed vibrating feeder, and a seed inspection device disposed on the second workbench. The seed inspection device includes a seed rotating conveying device, a seed side optical inspection device, a seed top optical inspection device, and a seed collection device. A gear-driven motor is disposed on one side of the seed rotating conveying device. The seed rotating conveying device includes a fixed base, a rotating disk adsorption device is disposed on the upper end of the fixed base, and a seed-carrying rotating disk is disposed on the upper end of the rotating disk adsorption device. The seed-carrying rotating disk is driven to rotate by the gear-driven motor. The seed conveying device conveys seeds to the seed-carrying rotating disk, and the seed-carrying rotating disk drives the seeds to sequentially pass through the seed side optical inspection device and the seed top optical inspection device. The detection device performs the detection, and the detected seeds are collected by the seed collection device. Through the coordinated action of the seed vibrating feeder, seed conveying device, and seed inspection device, this device can automate the entire process of wheat seeds from feeding, conveying, detection, and collection, greatly improving detection efficiency, reducing manual intervention and labor intensity, and is suitable for rapid screening of large batches of seeds. It innovatively combines a "seed side optical detection device" and a "seed top optical detection device," enabling seeds to be optically detected from different angles (side and top). This multi-dimensional detection method can more comprehensively obtain information on the external characteristics of the seeds, such as shape, color, texture, fullness, presence of disease spots, insect infestation, mechanical damage, etc., thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detection and avoiding missed detections that may be caused by traditional single-angle detection. The entire detection process is divided into modules such as feeding, conveying, side detection, top detection, and collection, which are connected and transported in an orderly manner through a seed-carrying rotating disk. This modular design makes the system structure clear, easy to assemble, maintain and upgrade, while ensuring the smoothness and consistency of the inspection process. The introduction of the seed rotation conveyor and gear-driven motor provides a stable carrier and precise positioning capability for the seeds at the inspection station, creating favorable conditions for high-precision image acquisition for subsequent side and top optical inspections, ensuring that each inspection is carried out in the best condition.

[0005] Furthermore, the rotating disk adsorption device includes a fixing ring with a vacuum groove and an embedding slot. A sliding bead is disposed in the embedding slot, and a suction nozzle communicating with the vacuum groove is disposed below the fixing ring. The sliding bead rolls in cooperation with the seed-carrying rotating disk, and the suction nozzle is used to adsorb seeds. Through the negative pressure adsorption effect generated by the suction nozzle and the vacuum groove, a single seed can be firmly fixed on the seed-carrying rotating disk. This effectively prevents the seeds from shifting, bouncing, or falling off due to inertia, vibration, or other factors during the rotation, acceleration, deceleration, or detection process of the rotating disk, ensuring accurate positioning during detection, thereby improving the stability of image acquisition and the accuracy of detection results. The sliding bead in the embedding slot rolls in cooperation with the seed-carrying rotating disk, providing low-friction, high-precision support and guidance for the rotating disk. This ensures that the rotating disk moves smoothly and without shaking under the drive of the gear-driven motor, and the rotation trajectory is accurate, which is crucial for stable focusing and image acquisition of the optical detection system.

[0006] Furthermore, the seed-carrying rotating disk includes a transparent glass turntable. The transparent glass turntable has seed-fixing grooves and adsorption holes. The bottom of the transparent glass turntable has a rotating disk slot, and the edge has rotating gears that cooperate with the gear-driven motor. The adsorption holes correspond to the suction nozzle, and the rotating disk slots cooperate with the sliding beads in a rolling manner. The use of a transparent glass turntable allows the optical detection device to clearly acquire internal image information of the seeds without being obstructed or interfered with by the turntable material. This is crucial for evaluating characteristics such as seed color, markings, embryo integrity, and top damage. The device expands the range and depth of top detection. The seed fixing groove is specially designed to accommodate single seeds, ensuring that each seed is positioned correctly and consistently on the turntable. It also restrains the rotation and tumbling of the seeds, keeping them in a fixed posture during detection. This is crucial for the continuity and comparability of side and top images, improving the standardization and repeatability of detection results. The corresponding setting of the suction holes and nozzles ensures that negative pressure can be applied directly and effectively to the seeds, enhancing the efficiency and firmness of the suction. Even if the seed does not completely adhere to the bottom of the groove, the suction holes can still provide direct suction to stabilize it.

[0007] Furthermore, the seed side optical detection device includes a first transverse slide rail slider moving device, on which a first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device is mounted, and a right-side optical test lens is installed on the first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device; it also includes a left-side optical test lens arranged opposite to the right-side optical test lens, with an NG seed collection chamber and a seed blowing device located next to the left-side optical test lens. The seed blowing device is used to blow unqualified seeds into the NG seed collection chamber. The left and right optical test lenses are arranged opposite to each other, enabling simultaneous image acquisition of seeds from two opposing directions. Combined with the rotation of the rotating disk, it can actually capture nearly 360 degrees of complete side information of the seed, including key features such as the embryo and ventral groove, greatly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of side detection. This is due to the synergistic effect of the first transverse slide rail slider moving device and the first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device. This allows the right-side optical testing lens to move precisely within the XY plane. This enables the system to dynamically adjust the lens's focal length, field of view, and detection angle based on subtle differences between different batches of seeds or to optimize detection needs. This ensures that the clearest and most comprehensive side image of the seed is always captured. A seed blowing device and an NG seed collection bin are introduced in the side detection stage. This means that once a seed is determined to be unqualified during side detection, it can be immediately blown out and collected by airflow without waiting for subsequent detection stages. This instant sorting mechanism greatly improves detection efficiency, avoids wasting resources by allowing unqualified seeds to enter subsequent detection stages, and also prevents unqualified seeds from potentially contaminating qualified seed batches. Using airflow to remove unqualified seeds is a non-contact, flexible removal method compared to mechanical gripping or pushing, which can effectively avoid secondary damage to the seeds, especially for seeds that have passed the initial detection but are located near unqualified seeds.

[0008] Furthermore, the seed blowing device includes a fixed rod with a longitudinal adjustment device for a slide rail slider. An air-blowing pipe connecting chamber is connected to the slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device, and a seed blowing nozzle is connected to the air-blowing pipe connecting chamber. The longitudinal adjustment device allows the seed blowing nozzle to be precisely adjusted longitudinally. This means that the nozzle can be accurately aligned with the unqualified seeds to be rejected based on the actual position, size, or blowing effect requirements of the seeds. This precise positioning capability effectively avoids the misblowing of qualified seeds or the omission of unqualified seeds, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of rejection. The adjustability of the nozzle position allows the device to better adapt to different types and sizes of seeds, or to be calibrated when the system experiences minor positional deviations due to wear or maintenance. This improves the versatility and robustness of the device and extends its service life.

[0009] Furthermore, the seed-top optical inspection device includes a second horizontal slide rail slider moving device, on which a second vertical slide rail slider moving device is mounted, and the top optical inspection device is installed on the second vertical slide rail slider moving device; it also includes a seed adsorption device, which cooperates with the top optical inspection device through a suction tube to adsorb seeds with unqualified tops after inspection. The second horizontal slide rail slider moving device and the second vertical slide rail slider moving device enable the top optical inspection device to move and position flexibly and accurately in the horizontal direction (XY plane). This ensures that regardless of the seed's position on the turntable, the top inspection device can accurately focus and acquire images with the highest clarity, thereby accurately identifying minute defects, color abnormalities, or shape defects on the seed top. Due to irregular shape and other characteristics, top optical inspection serves as a second quality check after side inspection. Even if a seed passes side inspection, top inspection can still detect potential top defects. This multi-stage inspection and sorting mechanism significantly improves the quality and purity of the final selected qualified seeds. The seed adsorption device provides a gentle, non-contact rejection method through a suction tube. Seeds judged as unqualified in the top inspection are directly removed by negative pressure adsorption, avoiding damage that may be caused by mechanical clamping and preventing seeds from scattering or affecting adjacent seeds due to airflow. This is crucial for protecting the integrity of qualified seeds and avoiding cross-contamination. The adsorption rejection method can accurately remove target seeds without disturbing the surrounding environment, keeping the inspection area clean. Simultaneously, the adsorbed seeds can be directly sent to the waste collection system. The entire process is efficient and closed, contributing to a clean production environment. Top inspection and side inspection complement each other, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of all major external characteristics of wheat seeds and providing more complete data support for the overall judgment of seed quality.

[0010] Furthermore, the seed collection device includes a fixed frame with a rotating motor connected to it. A seed-aperture leaf rod is located next to the leaf rod. The rotating motor drives the leaf rod to push the tested seeds into the collection chamber. By using this method, qualified seeds that have undergone two rounds of rigorous testing are pushed out of the fixed grooves on the turntable and guided to the collection chamber. This method achieves complete automation of the collection process, eliminates manual intervention, and improves the continuity and efficiency of the production line. The design of the leaf rod typically considers the flexibility of its material and shape, such as using soft materials or optimizing its geometry, to ensure that the seeds are gently scraped out of the grooves when agitated, avoiding mechanical damage to seeds already confirmed as high-quality, thereby maximizing the protection of seed integrity and germination rate.

[0011] Furthermore, the transparent glass turntable is made of high-transmittance optical glass, and the shape of the seed fixing groove is adapted to the shape of the wheat seed, and its depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the thickness of the wheat seed. The transparent turntable made of "high-transmittance optical glass" can minimize the absorption, reflection and scattering of light when passing through the glass, ensuring that the top optical detection device can obtain a clear, bright and distortion-free high-quality seed image. This is crucial for accurately identifying minute defects, color changes and surface textures on the top of the seed, and is the basis for achieving high-precision detection.

[0012] Further, in step one: feeding and positioning: a batch of wheat seeds are oriented and separated into individual seeds by a seed vibration feeder, and the individual seeds are accurately conveyed in a preset posture by a seed conveying device and fall into the seed fixing groove of the seed loading rotating disk; then, the rotating disk adsorption device is activated, and the seeds are stably adsorbed and fixed in the groove by the negative pressure generated by the suction nozzle and the adsorption hole, preventing displacement or bouncing during rotation; Step Two: Rotation and Synchronization Control Step: Under the control of the central processing unit, the gear-driven motor drives the seed-carrying rotating disk to perform intermittent step rotation; the cycle of the step rotation is matched with the image acquisition, processing and decision-making time of the optical detection device, ensuring that the seeds have sufficient static dwell time at each detection station; Step 3: Side Collaborative Detection and Sorting: When the transparent glass turntable carrying the seeds rotates to the side optical detection station and stops, the first horizontal slide rail slider moving device and the first vertical slide rail slider moving device work together to drive the right optical test lens to adjust to the optimal focus position; at the same time, the left optical test lens simultaneously acquires images from the other side, thereby obtaining complete side morphological images of both sides of the seed, the embryo, and the ventral groove; the image data is transmitted to the processing unit in real time and compared and analyzed with the preset qualified seed side feature parameter library; if it is determined to be a defective product, the processing unit immediately issues an instruction to control the seed blowing device to operate, the slide rail slider vertical adjustment device precisely adjusts the height and angle of the seed blowing nozzle, sprays a short airflow at the defective seed, accurately blows it away from the seed fixing groove and into the NG seed collection bin; qualified seeds remain in the groove; Step 4: Top Optical Inspection and Secondary Sorting: Seeds that have successfully passed the side inspection enter the top optical inspection station along the turntable; the second horizontal slide rail slider moving device and the second vertical slide rail slider moving device drive the top optical inspection device to move directly above the seed and focus, and high-definition image acquisition and analysis of the seed's top shape, color, markings and integrity are performed through the high-transmittance transparent glass turntable; if the seed is determined to be unqualified at this station, the seed adsorption device is immediately activated, and negative pressure is generated through the suction tube to directly adsorb and remove the unqualified seed, realizing non-contact secondary sorting; Step 5: Qualified Seed Collection Step: Seeds that have passed the aforementioned multiple tests and are deemed qualified are finally rotated to the seed collection device station by the turntable; the rotating motor drives the seed-pulling blade to rotate, and the seeds are scraped out of the fixed groove by a flexible mechanical agitation method and guided to fall into the final seed collection bin, completing the entire testing and sorting process.

[0013] Furthermore, the image acquisition and analysis process of the seed side optical detection device and the seed top optical detection device is controlled by the central processing unit. That is, it simultaneously analyzes the seed's shape and outline, color uniformity, surface texture features, and whether there are specific defects, and assigns different weights to different features. The final quality score is calculated by comprehensively calculating the score. Only when the score is higher than the qualified threshold is the seed judged as qualified. It no longer relies on a single indicator, but integrates and analyzes multiple visual features (such as shape, color, texture, damage, etc.), which significantly improves the accuracy of defect identification and the false judgment rate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Extremely high automation and inspection efficiency: Through a complete process design including seed vibration feeding, conveying, multi-dimensional optical inspection (side and top), multi-stage sorting (blowing and adsorption), and automatic collection, a high degree of automation is achieved. This completely eliminates manual intervention, significantly reduces labor intensity and potential human error, enabling the device to rapidly and continuously inspect and screen large batches of wheat seeds at extremely high speeds, significantly improving production efficiency and capacity; 2. Comprehensive and High-Precision Quality Inspection: Innovatively combining side and top optical inspection, it achieves near 360-degree coverage of seed's external features. Inspection includes shape, color, texture, plumpness, lesions, insect damage, and mechanical damage. A central processing unit performs multi-feature fusion analysis and weighted scoring, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of defect identification. This avoids missed detections that may occur with traditional single-angle inspection, ensuring the superior quality of the final selected seeds. 3. Precise and stable seed positioning and non-destructive processing: The vacuum adsorption device, sliding bead support, and fixed groove adapted to the seed shape of the seed-carrying rotating disk ensure that each seed maintains precise positioning and stable posture throughout the high-speed rotation and testing process. Meanwhile, in the process of removing substandard seeds, non-contact flexible removal methods such as airflow blowing and negative pressure adsorption, as well as a flexible leaf rod collection method, are employed. This effectively avoids secondary mechanical damage to qualified seeds, maximizing the protection of seed integrity and germination rate. 4. Highly efficient and flexible multi-stage sorting mechanism: Real-time sorting (blowout device and NG bin) is introduced in the side detection stage, allowing unqualified seeds to be quickly removed, preventing them from wasting resources in subsequent detection stages. The seed adsorption device in the top detection stage provides secondary fine sorting capability. This graded, real-time sorting strategy not only improves detection efficiency and prevents potential contamination of qualified batches by unqualified seeds, but also ensures the effectiveness and gentleness of sorting through the accuracy and non-contact nature of the removal method. 5. Excellent adaptability, modularity, and maintainability: The device adopts a modular design with a clear structure, making system assembly, maintenance, and upgrades more convenient and efficient. Simultaneously, both the optical testing lens and the seed ejection nozzle are equipped with a horizontal / vertical sliding rail slider mechanism, allowing for precise adjustment in the XY plane. This means the device can flexibly adapt to the testing needs of different batches, types, or sizes of seeds, and can perform precise calibration even when the system experiences minor deviations, thereby improving the device's versatility, robustness, and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seed testing device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seed rotation and conveying device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk adsorption device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-carrying rotating disk of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the seed side optical detection device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the seed blowing device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optical detection device at the top of the seed according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the seed collection device of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-First workbench, 2-Seed vibrating feeder, 3-Seed conveying device, 4-Second workbench, 5-Seed inspection device, 51-Seed rotary conveying device, 52-Seed side optical inspection device, 53-Seed top optical inspection device, 54-Seed collection device, 55-Gear motor, 511-Fixed chassis, 512-Rotating disk adsorption device, 5121-Fixing ring, 5122-Vacuum tank, 5123-Embedded slot, 5124-Sliding bead, 5125-Suction nozzle, 513-Seed loading rotating disk, 5131-Transparent glass turntable, 5132-Seed fixing groove, 5133-Adsorption hole, 5134-Rotating disk slot, 5135 - Rotating gear, 521- First transverse slide rail slider moving device, 522- First longitudinal slide rail slider moving device, 523- Right side optical test lens, 525- Left side optical test lens, 524- NG seed collection bin, 526- Seed blowing device, 5261- Fixed rod, 5262- Slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device, 5263- Air blowing pipe connection bin, 5264- Seed blowing nozzle, 531- Second transverse slide rail slider moving device, 532- Second longitudinal slide rail slider moving device, 533- Top optical detection device, 534- Seed adsorption device, 535- Suction tube, 543- Seed actuating leaf rod, 544- Seed collection bin, 542- Rotating motor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] Combination Figures 1-9The diagram illustrates a wheat seed quality testing device and method, comprising a first workbench 1, a second workbench 4, a seed vibrating feeder 2 mounted on the first workbench 1, a seed conveying device 3 connected to the seed vibrating feeder 2, and a seed inspection device 5 mounted on the second workbench 4. The seed inspection device 5 includes a seed rotary conveyor 51, a seed side optical inspection device 52, a seed top optical inspection device 53, and a seed collection device 54. A gear-driven motor 55 is mounted on one side of the seed rotary conveyor 51, and the seed rotary conveyor includes a fixed chassis 511. A rotating disk adsorption device 512 is installed on the upper end of the fixed chassis 511. A seed-carrying rotating disk 513 is installed on the upper end of the rotating disk adsorption device 512. The seed-carrying rotating disk 513 is driven to rotate by a gear-driven motor 55. The seed conveying device 3 conveys seeds to the seed-carrying rotating disk 513. The seed-carrying rotating disk 513 drives the seeds to pass sequentially through a seed side optical detection device 52 and a seed top optical detection device 53 for detection. The detected seeds are collected by a seed collection device 54. Through the coordinated action of the seed vibrating feeder, the seed conveying device, and the seed inspection device, this device… This system automates the entire process of wheat seed processing, from feeding, conveying, testing, to collection, significantly improving testing efficiency and reducing manual intervention and labor intensity. Suitable for rapid screening of large batches of seeds, it innovatively combines a "seed side optical inspection device" and a "seed top optical inspection device," enabling optical inspection of seeds from different angles (side and top). This multi-dimensional inspection method comprehensively acquires external seed characteristics such as shape, color, texture, plumpness, presence of lesions, insect damage, and mechanical damage, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the inspection and avoiding missed detections that may occur with traditional single-angle inspection. The entire inspection process is divided into modules such as feeding, conveying, side inspection, top inspection, and collection, connected and transported in an orderly manner by a seed-carrying rotating disk. This modular design makes the system structure clear, easy to assemble, maintain, and upgrade, while ensuring a smooth and consistent inspection process. The introduction of the seed rotating conveyor and gear-driven motor provides a stable carrier and precise positioning capability for the seeds at the inspection station, creating favorable conditions for high-precision image acquisition for subsequent side and top optical inspections, ensuring that each inspection is performed in optimal condition. The rotating disk adsorption device 512 includes a fixing ring 5121, a vacuum groove 5122 and an embedding slot 5123 on the fixing ring 5121, a sliding bead 5124 in the embedding slot 5123, and a suction nozzle 5125 communicating with the vacuum groove 5122 below the fixing ring 5121. The sliding bead 5124 rolls in cooperation with the seed-carrying rotating disk 513, and the suction nozzle 5125 is used to adsorb seeds. Through the negative pressure adsorption effect generated by the suction nozzle and the vacuum groove, a single seed can be firmly fixed on the seed-carrying rotating disk, which effectively prevents... To prevent seeds from shifting, bouncing, or falling off during rotation, acceleration, deceleration, or due to inertia, vibration, or other factors during the detection process, precise positioning during detection is ensured, thereby improving the stability of image acquisition and the accuracy of detection results. The sliding ball embedded in the slot rolls in cooperation with the seed-carrying rotating disk, providing low-friction, high-precision support and guidance for the rotating disk. This ensures that the rotating disk moves smoothly and without shaking under the drive of the gear-driven motor, and that the rotation trajectory is precise, which is crucial for stable focusing and image acquisition in the optical detection system.

[0019] Furthermore, the seed-carrying rotating disk 513 includes a transparent glass rotating disk 5131. The transparent glass rotating disk 5131 has a seed fixing groove 5132 and an adsorption hole 5133. The bottom of the transparent glass rotating disk 5131 has a rotating disk slot 5134, and the edge has a rotating gear 5135 that cooperates with the gear-driven motor 55. The adsorption hole 5133 is correspondingly arranged with the suction nozzle 5125. The rotating disk slot 5134 rolls in cooperation with the sliding bead 5124. The use of a transparent glass rotating disk allows the optical detection device to clearly obtain the internal image information of the seed through the rotating disk without being obstructed or interfered with by the rotating disk material. This is beneficial for evaluating the seed's color, markings, and embryo integrity. Features such as integrity and top damage are crucial, greatly expanding the range and depth of top detection. The seed fixing groove is specially designed to accommodate single seeds, ensuring that the position of each seed on the turntable is preset and consistent, while also restraining the rotation and tumbling of the seeds, keeping them in a fixed posture during detection. This is crucial for the continuity and comparability of side and top images, improving the standardization and repeatability of detection results. The corresponding setting of the adsorption hole and the nozzle ensures that the negative pressure can be applied directly and effectively to the seeds, enhancing the adsorption efficiency and firmness. Even if the seed does not completely adhere to the bottom of the groove, the adsorption hole can still provide direct suction to stabilize it.

[0020] Furthermore, the seed side optical inspection device 52 includes a first transverse slide rail slider moving device 521, on which a first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device 522 is provided, and a right-side optical test lens 523 is mounted on the first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device 522; it also includes a left-side optical test lens 525 arranged opposite to the right-side optical test lens 523, and an NG seed collection chamber 524 and a seed blowing device 526 are arranged next to the left-side optical test lens 525. The seed blowing device 526 is used to blow unqualified seeds into the NG seed collection chamber 524. The left and right optical test lenses are arranged opposite to each other, which can simultaneously acquire images of seeds from two opposing directions. Combined with the rotation of the rotating disk, in effect... This system can capture nearly 360 degrees of complete lateral information of seeds, including key features such as the embryo and ventral groove, greatly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of lateral detection. The coordinated action of the first transverse and longitudinal sliding rail slider moving devices allows the right-side optical testing lens to move precisely in the XY plane. This allows the system to dynamically adjust the lens's focal length, field of view, and detection angle according to subtle differences between different batches of seeds or to optimize detection needs, ensuring that the clearest and most comprehensive seed lateral image is always captured. A seed blowing device and an NG seed collection bin are introduced in the lateral detection stage. This means that once a seed is determined to be unqualified during lateral detection, it can be immediately blown out and collected by airflow without waiting for subsequent detection stages. This instant sorting mechanism greatly improves detection efficiency, avoids wasting resources by allowing unqualified seeds to enter subsequent detection stages, and prevents potential contamination of qualified seed batches by unqualified seeds. Using airflow to remove unqualified seeds is a non-contact, flexible removal method compared to mechanical gripping or pushing, effectively avoiding secondary damage to the seeds, especially for seeds that are qualified but located near unqualified seeds.

[0021] Furthermore, the seed blowing device 526 includes a fixed rod 5261, on which a slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device 5262 is provided. An air blowing pipe connecting chamber 5263 is connected to the slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device 5262, and the air blowing pipe connecting chamber 5263 is connected to a seed blowing nozzle 5264. The slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device allows the seed blowing nozzle to be precisely adjusted along the longitudinal direction, typically vertically or nearly vertically. This means that the nozzle can be accurately aligned with the unqualified seeds to be rejected, based on the actual position, size, or blowing effect requirements of the seeds. This precise positioning capability effectively avoids the misblowing of qualified seeds or the omission of unqualified seeds, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of rejection. The adjustability of the nozzle position allows the device to better adapt to different types and sizes of seeds, or to be calibrated when the system experiences minor positional deviations due to wear or maintenance. This improves the versatility and robustness of the device and extends its service life.

[0022] Furthermore, the seed top optical inspection device 53 includes a second horizontal slide rail slider moving device 531, on which a second vertical slide rail slider moving device 532 is provided, and on which the top optical inspection device 533 is mounted; it also includes a seed adsorption device 534, which cooperates with the top optical inspection device 533 through a suction tube 535 to adsorb seeds that are unqualified at the top after inspection. The second horizontal slide rail slider moving device and the second vertical slide rail slider moving device enable the top optical inspection device to move and position flexibly and accurately in the horizontal direction (XY plane). This ensures that no matter what position the seed is on the turntable, the top inspection device can accurately focus and obtain the highest resolution image, thereby accurately identifying minor defects, color abnormalities, or irregular shapes at the top of the seed. Top optical inspection is the second quality control after side inspection, even if the seed passes the side inspection. The top inspection can still detect potential top defects. This multi-level inspection and sorting mechanism greatly improves the quality and purity of the final qualified seeds. The seed adsorption device provides a gentle, non-contact rejection method through a suction tube. For seeds judged as unqualified in the top inspection, they are directly removed by negative pressure adsorption, avoiding damage that may be caused by mechanical clamping and preventing seeds from scattering or affecting adjacent seeds due to airflow. This is of great significance for protecting the integrity of qualified seeds and avoiding cross-contamination. The adsorption rejection method can accurately remove target seeds without causing any interference to the surrounding environment, keeping the inspection area clean. At the same time, the adsorbed seeds can be directly sent to the waste collection system. The whole process is efficient and closed, which is conducive to the cleanliness of the production environment. The top inspection and side inspection complement each other, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of all major external characteristics of wheat seeds and providing more complete data support for the comprehensive judgment of seed quality.

[0023] Furthermore, the seed collection device 54 includes a fixed frame 541, on which a rotary motor 542 is mounted. The rotary motor 542 is connected to a seed-aperture leaf rod 543, and a seed collection chamber 544 is located next to the seed-aperture leaf rod 543. The rotary motor 542 drives the seed-aperture leaf rod 543 to push the tested seeds into the seed collection chamber 544. By using the rotary motor to drive the seed-aperture leaf rod, qualified seeds that have undergone two rounds of rigorous testing are pushed out of the fixed grooves of the turntable and guided to the seed collection chamber. This method achieves complete automation of the collection process, eliminates manual intervention, and improves the continuity and efficiency of the production line. The design of the leaf rod usually takes into account the flexibility of the material and shape, such as using soft materials or optimizing its geometry, to ensure that the seeds can be gently scraped out of the grooves when agitating them, avoiding mechanical damage to the seeds that have been confirmed as high-quality seeds, thereby maximizing the protection of seed integrity and germination rate.

[0024] Furthermore, the transparent glass turntable 5131 is made of high-transmittance optical glass, and the shape of the seed fixing groove 5132 is adapted to the shape of the wheat seed, and its depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the thickness of the wheat seed. The transparent turntable made of "high-transmittance optical glass" can minimize the absorption, reflection and scattering of light when passing through the glass, ensuring that the top optical detection device can obtain a clear, bright and distortion-free high-quality seed image. This is crucial for accurately identifying minute defects, color changes and surface textures on the top of the seed, and is the basis for achieving high-precision detection.

[0025] Further, in step one: feeding and positioning: the seed vibrating feeder 2 oriented and separated a batch of wheat seeds into individual seeds, and the seed conveying device 3 accurately conveyed the individual seeds in a preset posture and dropped them into the seed fixing groove 5132 of the seed loading rotating disk 513; then, the rotating disk adsorption device 512 was activated, and the negative pressure generated by the suction nozzle 5125 and the adsorption hole 5133 stably adsorbed and fixed the seeds in the groove to prevent displacement or bouncing during rotation; Step 2: Rotation and Synchronization Control Step: Under the control of the central processing unit, the gear-driven motor 55 drives the seed-carrying rotating disk 513 to perform intermittent step rotation; the cycle of step rotation is matched with the image acquisition, processing and decision-making time of the optical detection device to ensure that the seeds have sufficient static dwell time at each detection station. Step 3: Side Collaborative Detection and Sorting: When the transparent glass turntable 5131 carrying the seeds rotates to the side optical detection station and stops, the first transverse slide rail slider moving device 521 and the first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device 522 work together to drive the right optical test lens 523 to adjust to the optimal focus position; at the same time, the left optical test lens 525 simultaneously acquires images from the other side, thereby obtaining complete side morphological images of both sides of the seed, the embryo, and the ventral groove; the image data is transmitted to the processing unit in real time and compared and analyzed with the preset qualified seed side feature parameter library; if it is determined to be a defective product, the processing unit immediately issues an instruction to control the seed blowing device 526 to move, and the slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device 5262 precisely adjusts the height and angle of the seed blowing nozzle 5264, spraying a short airflow at the defective seed, accurately blowing it away from the seed fixing groove 5132 and into the NG seed collection bin 524; qualified seeds continue to remain in the groove; Step 4: Top Optical Inspection and Secondary Sorting: Seeds that have successfully passed the side inspection enter the top optical inspection station with the turntable; the second horizontal slide rail slider moving device 531 and the second vertical slide rail slider moving device 532 drive the top optical inspection device 533 to move directly above the seed and focus, and perform high-definition image acquisition and analysis of the seed's top shape, color, markings and integrity through the high-transmittance transparent glass turntable 5131; if the seed is determined to be unqualified at this station, the seed adsorption device 534 is immediately activated, and negative pressure is generated through the suction tube 535 to directly adsorb and remove the unqualified seed, realizing non-contact secondary sorting; Step 5: Qualified Seed Collection Step: Seeds that have passed the aforementioned multiple tests and are deemed qualified are finally rotated to the seed collection device 54 station by the turntable; the rotating motor 542 drives the seed-moving leaf rod 543 to rotate, scraping the seeds out of the fixed groove in a flexible mechanical agitation manner and guiding them to fall into the final seed collection bin 544, completing the entire testing and sorting process.

[0026] Furthermore, the image acquisition and analysis process of the seed side optical inspection device 52 and the seed top optical inspection device 53 is controlled by the central processing unit. That is, it simultaneously analyzes the seed's shape and outline, color uniformity, surface texture features, and whether there are specific defects, and assigns different weights to different features. The final quality score is calculated by comprehensively calculating the score. Only when the score is higher than the qualified threshold is the seed judged as qualified. It no longer relies on a single indicator, but integrates and analyzes multiple visual features (such as shape, color, texture, damage, etc.), which significantly improves the accuracy of defect identification and the false judgment rate.

[0027] During operation, seeds are first sorted and single-seedled by the seed vibrating feeder 2 to ensure that subsequent processing units consist of independent single seeds. Then, the seed conveying device 3 acts as a bridge, precisely transferring the single seeds in a preset posture to the core of the seed rotary conveyor 51, the seed fixing groove 5132 of the seed-carrying rotating disk 513. Driven by the gear-driven rotating motor 55, the disk rotates intermittently, transporting the seeds sequentially and precisely to various functional stations for side inspection, top inspection, and collection, much like workpieces on a conveyor belt. This modular assembly line design ensures the continuity, efficiency, and consistency of the inspection process. Precise seed positioning during inspection is a prerequisite for ensuring image quality and inspection accuracy. This device employs a dual positioning strategy combining mechanical constraint and negative pressure adsorption. First, the seed fixing groove 5132 is shaped to match the shape of wheat seeds, and its depth is carefully designed to be 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the seed thickness, physically restricting seed movement and tumbling, maintaining a stable and consistent inspection posture. Second, the rotating disk adsorption device 512... After startup, the negative pressure generated by the suction nozzle 5125 and the suction hole 5133 firmly adsorbs the seeds into the groove. This effectively overcomes the seed displacement or bouncing caused by inertia or vibration during the start-up, shutdown and rotation of the turntable, providing a stable prerequisite for high-definition image acquisition. Side collaborative detection station: When the seed steps to this station, the right optical test lens 523 is adjusted to the optimal focus position under the drive of the first horizontal slide rail slider moving device 521, 522. At the same time, the fixed left optical test lens 525 synchronously acquires images from the other side.This dual-sided synchronous imaging technology, combined with the rotation of the turntable, can capture the complete lateral morphological information of the seed, including the embryo and ventral groove, enabling comprehensive detection of lateral defects such as lesions, insect infestation, and deformities. At the top optical inspection station: seeds that have passed the lateral inspection then enter the top inspection station. The top optical inspection device 533 is precisely positioned and focused via the second transverse slide rail slider movement devices 531 and 532. Because the seed-carrying rotating disk 513 is made of high-transmittance optical glass, light can pass through without damage, allowing the top lens to clearly capture the morphology, color, markings, and damage features of the seed's top surface. All acquired image data is transmitted to the central processing unit in real time. This unit uses a multi-dimensional feature fusion judgment method, simultaneously analyzing multiple features such as seed morphology, color uniformity, and surface texture, assigning different weights to different features for comprehensive intelligent analysis, and finally outputting an objective quality score. For lateral defective product sorting: once a seed is determined to be defective (NG) at the lateral inspection station, the processing unit immediately instructs the seed blowing device 526 to activate, and its seed blowing nozzle 5264... Under the precise adjustment of the slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device 5262, a short and concentrated airflow is sprayed at the unqualified seeds, which are then precisely blown into the NG seed collection chamber 524. This is a non-contact flexible sorting method, which avoids damage to adjacent seeds. Top unqualified product sorting: If a seed is judged to be unqualified at the top detection station, the seed adsorption device 534 is immediately activated. The negative pressure generated by the suction tube 535 directly adsorbs and removes the unqualified seeds in a non-contact manner. This method is especially suitable for precise and quiet rejection at the top station. Qualified seed collection: Qualified seeds that have successfully passed all the tests are finally transported to the collection station. The rotating motor 542 drives the seed agitator 543 to rotate, scraping the seeds out of the groove in a flexible mechanical agitation manner and guiding them into the seed collection chamber 544, completing the entire process of collecting high-quality seeds.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wheat seed quality detection device, comprising a first workbench (1), a second workbench (4), a seed vibration feeder (2) arranged on the first workbench (1), a seed conveying device (3) connected with the seed vibration feeder (2), and a seed inspection device (5) arranged on the second workbench (4), characterized in that: The seed inspection device (5) includes a seed rotation conveying device (51), a seed side optical inspection device (52), a seed top optical inspection device (53), and a seed collection device (54). A gear-driven motor (55) is provided on one side of the seed rotation conveying device (51). The seed rotation conveying device includes a fixed base (511). A rotating disk adsorption device (512) is provided on the upper end of the fixed base (511). A seed-carrying rotating disk (513) is provided on the upper end of the rotating disk adsorption device (512). The seed-carrying rotating disk (513) is driven to rotate by the gear-driven motor (55). The seed conveying device (3) conveys the seeds to the seed-carrying rotating disk (513). The seed-carrying rotating disk (513) drives the seeds to pass through the seed side optical inspection device (52) and the seed top optical inspection device (53) in sequence for inspection. The inspected seeds are collected by the seed collection device (54).

2. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating disk adsorption device (512) includes a fixing ring (5121), a vacuum groove (5122) and an embedding slot (5123) on the fixing ring (5121), a sliding bead (5124) in the embedding slot (5123), and a suction nozzle (5125) communicating with the vacuum groove (5122) below the fixing ring (5121); the sliding bead (5124) rolls in cooperation with the seed-carrying rotating disk (513), and the suction nozzle (5125) is used to adsorb seeds.

3. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed-carrying rotating disk (513) includes a transparent glass rotating disk (5131), which has a seed fixing groove (5132) and an adsorption hole (5133). The bottom of the transparent glass rotating disk (5131) has a rotating disk slot (5134), and the edge has a rotating gear (5135) that cooperates with the gear rotating motor (55). The adsorption hole (5133) is correspondingly arranged with the suction nozzle (5125), and the rotating disk slot (5134) is in rolling cooperation with the sliding bead (5124).

4. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seed side optical detection device (52) includes a first transverse slide rail slider moving device (521), on which a first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device (522) is provided, and a right optical test lens (523) is installed on the first longitudinal slide rail slider moving device (522); it also includes a left optical test lens (525) arranged opposite to the right optical test lens (523), and an NG seed collection bin (524) and a seed blowing device (526) are provided next to the left optical test lens (525), and the seed blowing device (526) is used to blow unqualified seeds into the NG seed collection bin (524).

5. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seed blowing device (526) includes a fixed rod (5261), on which a slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device (5262) ​​is provided. An air blowing pipe connecting chamber (5263) is connected to the slide rail slider longitudinal adjustment device (5262), and a seed blowing nozzle (5264) is connected to the air blowing pipe connecting chamber (5263).

6. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seed top optical detection device (53) includes a second horizontal slide rail slider moving device (531), a second vertical slide rail slider moving device (532) is provided on the second horizontal slide rail slider moving device (531), and a top optical detection device (533) is installed on the second vertical slide rail slider moving device (532); it also includes a seed adsorption device (534), which cooperates with the top optical detection device (533) through a suction tube (535) to adsorb seeds that are not qualified at the top after detection.

7. A wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seed collection device (54) includes a fixed frame (541), on which a rotating motor (542) is provided. The rotating motor (542) is connected to a seed-moving leaf rod (543), and a seed collection bin (544) is provided next to the seed-moving leaf rod (543). The rotating motor (542) drives the seed-moving leaf rod (543) to move the detected seeds into the seed collection bin (544).

8. The wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transparent glass turntable (5131) is made of high-transmittance optical glass, and the shape of the seed fixing groove (5132) is adapted to the shape of the wheat seed, and its depth is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the thickness of the wheat seed.

9. The detection method of the wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 1: Feeding and positioning steps: The batch of wheat seeds are oriented and separated into individual seeds by the seed vibration feeder (2), and the individual seeds are accurately conveyed in a preset posture by the seed conveying device (3) and fall into the seed fixing groove (5132) of the seed loading rotating disk (513); then, the rotating disk adsorption device (512) is started, and the seeds are stably adsorbed and fixed in the groove by the negative pressure generated by the suction nozzle (5125) and the adsorption hole (5133) to prevent displacement or bouncing during rotation; Step 2: Rotation and Synchronization Control Step: Under the control of the central processing unit, the gear-driven motor (55) drives the seed-carrying rotating disk (513) to perform intermittent step rotation; the cycle of the step rotation is matched with the image acquisition, processing and decision-making time of the optical detection device to ensure that the seeds have sufficient static dwell time at each detection station; Step 3: Side-mounted Cooperative Detection and Sorting Step: When the transparent glass turntable (5131) carrying the seeds rotates to the side-mounted optical detection station and stops, the first horizontal slide rail slider moving device (521) and the first vertical slide rail slider moving device (522) work together to drive the right-side optical test lens (523) to adjust to the optimal focus position; at the same time, the left-side optical test lens (525) simultaneously acquires images from the other side, thereby obtaining complete side-mounted morphological images of both sides of the seed, the embryo, and the ventral groove; the image data is transmitted to the processing unit in real time and compared and analyzed with the preset qualified seed side-mounted feature parameter library; if it is determined to be a defective product, the processing unit immediately issues an instruction to control the seed blowing device (526) to move, and the slide rail slider vertical adjustment device (5262) ​​precisely adjusts the height and angle of the seed blowing nozzle (5264) to spray a short airflow at the defective seed, accurately blowing it away from the seed fixing groove (5132) and into the NG seed collection bin (524); qualified seeds continue to remain in the groove; Step 4: Top Optical Inspection and Secondary Sorting: Seeds that have successfully passed the side inspection enter the top optical inspection station with the turntable; the second horizontal slide rail slider moving device (531) and the second vertical slide rail slider moving device (532) drive the top optical inspection device (533) to move directly above the seed and focus, and collect and analyze high-definition images of the seed's top shape, color, patterns and integrity through the high-transmittance transparent glass turntable (5131); if the seed is determined to be unqualified at this station, the seed adsorption device (534) is immediately activated, and negative pressure is generated through the suction tube (535) to directly adsorb and remove the unqualified seed, realizing non-contact secondary sorting; Step 5: Qualified Seed Collection Step: Seeds that have passed the aforementioned multiple tests and are deemed qualified are finally rotated to the seed collection device (54) station by the turntable; The rotating motor (542) drives the seed-pulling leaf rod (543) to rotate, scraping the seed out of the fixed groove in a flexible mechanical prying manner and guiding it into the final seed collection bin (544), thus completing the entire detection and sorting process.

10. A wheat seed quality testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The image acquisition and analysis process of the seed side optical detection device (52) and the seed top optical detection device (53) is controlled by the central processing unit. That is, the seed's shape outline, color uniformity, surface texture features and whether there are specific defects are analyzed at the same time, and different features are assigned different weights. The final quality score is calculated in a comprehensive manner. Only when the score is higher than the qualified threshold is the seed judged to be qualified.

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