Floating type fishway equipment and fishway system

Abstract

The invention provides floating type fishway equipment and a fishway system, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering facilities, the floating type fishway equipment comprises a floating type fishway main body, a main drainage device, a connecting device and a telescopic connecting piece, the floating type fishway main body comprises a fish tank and a water tank device, the fish tank is installed on the upper portion of the water tank device, and the main drainage device is installed on the water tank device; the water tank device comprises a plurality of water ballast tanks arranged in the extending direction of the fish tank. The floating fishway main body is arranged at the downstream of the fixed fishway; the main drainage device is respectively communicated with the plurality of water ballast spaces and is used for selectively filling and draining water into the water ballast spaces; the connecting device is used for movably connecting the floating fishway main body with the fixed fishway; one end of the telescopic connecting piece is communicated with one end of the fish tank, and the other end of the telescopic connecting piece is communicated with the fixed fishway. The floating fishway equipment can dynamically adapt to the continuous change of the water level so as to ensure that a fish migration channel is always smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering facilities technology, and more specifically, to a floating fishway equipment and fishway system. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, fishways are often constructed to assist fish migration by alleviating the obstruction of dams and other structures. Traditional fixed fishways mainly consist of an inlet section, a fish passage section, and an outlet section connected in sequence. The inlet section is located downstream, and the outlet section is located upstream. Fish usually migrate from downstream to upstream (i.e., from the inlet section downstream to the outlet section upstream). The effectiveness of fishways is greatly affected by the fluctuation of the downstream river water level at the inlet section. When the downstream river water level drops too much, and the water depth at the inlet section is significantly less than that at the outlet section, the flow velocity at the inlet section increases sharply, and even a drop occurs, making it difficult for fish to enter, thus rendering the fish passage ineffective. Conversely, when the downstream river water level rises too much, the inlet section may be submerged, and the flow velocity decreases significantly, causing fish to be unable to find the inlet section, resulting in the fish passage ineffective.

[0003] In related technologies, multiple inlet sections (fish inlets) at different heights are usually arranged to adapt to changes in water level in the downstream river channel. However, this method has the drawback of being unable to dynamically adapt to continuous changes in water level. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem addressed by this invention is how to dynamically adapt to continuous changes in water level to ensure that fish migration channels remain unobstructed at all times.

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a floating fishway equipment and fishway system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a floating fishway device, comprising: A floating fishway body includes a fish tank and a water tank device. The fish tank is installed on the upper part of the water tank device and is used for fish migration. The water tank device includes a plurality of ballast water tanks arranged along the extension direction of the fish tank. The floating fishway body is used to be set downstream of a fixed fishway. The main drainage device is connected to the plurality of ballast water tanks respectively, and is used to selectively fill or drain water into each of the ballast water tanks to adjust the draft of the floating fishway body. A connecting device for movably connecting the floating fishway body and the fixed fishway, wherein the floating fishway body is movable relative to the fixed fishway via the connecting device; A retractable connector, one end of which is connected to one end of the fish tank, and the other end of which is connected to the fixed fishway, is used to adapt to deformation and prevent water leakage when the floating fishway body floats up and down.

[0007] Optionally, the main drainage device includes a pump and valve assembly, a main filling and drainage structure, branch pipes, and a water distribution valve. One end of the main filling and drainage structure is used to connect to the river channel, and the other end of the main filling and drainage structure passes through multiple ballast water tanks. The branch pipe is installed in each ballast water tank, and the end of the branch pipe is connected to the main filling and drainage structure located in the ballast water tank. The water distribution valve is disposed on the branch pipe. The pump and valve assembly is connected to the main filling and drainage structure.

[0008] Optionally, the main filling and draining pipe structure includes a main filling and draining pipe body, an inlet pipe and a drain pipe, the inlet pipe and the drain pipe being connected to the end of the main filling and draining pipe body near the river channel, and the pump and valve assembly including a filling pump, a filling control valve, a drain pump and a drain control valve, the filling pump and the filling control valve being connected to the inlet pipe, and the drain pump and the drain control valve being connected to the drain pipe.

[0009] Optionally, the water tank device further includes an empty compartment and a maintenance compartment arranged adjacent to each other along the extension direction of the fish tank. The maintenance compartment is movably connected to the fixed fishway via a connecting device. The empty compartment is connected between the ballast water tank and the maintenance compartment to ensure the longitudinal rigidity of the water tank device and the body shape connection between the ballast water tank and the maintenance compartment.

[0010] Optionally, the connecting device includes a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, and a support shaft. The first connecting seat is fixedly connected to the end of the maintenance compartment near the fixed fishway. The side of the maintenance compartment is used to provide a concrete support. The second connecting seat is used to connect to the concrete support. The support shaft passes between the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat. The maintenance compartment is used to be rotatably connected to the fixed fishway through the support shaft.

[0011] Optionally, the fish tank includes a first side plate, a second side plate, a first bottom plate, and a plurality of first partitions. The first side plate and the second side plate are spaced apart along the width direction of the fish tank. The first bottom plate is fixedly connected between the first side plate and the second side plate. The upper sides of the first side plate, the second side plate, and the first bottom plate form the fish tank body. The plurality of first partitions are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fish tank in the fish tank body to divide the fish tank body into a plurality of temporary holding areas. The first partitions are provided with fish passage holes for fish to pass through.

[0012] Optionally, the water tank device includes a second bottom plate and a plurality of second partitions. The second bottom plate is fixedly connected between the bottom of the first side plate and the second side plate. The first side plate, the second side plate, the lower side of the first bottom plate, and the upper side of the second bottom plate form a water tank area. The plurality of second partitions are spaced apart inside the water tank area along the extension direction of the fish tank to divide the water tank area into a plurality of ballast water tanks. The first bottom plate is the top plate of the ballast water tank. The main drainage device passes through the plurality of second partitions.

[0013] Optionally, the floating fishway equipment also includes an air piping system, with each of the ballast tanks having its own air piping system. The air piping system includes an air pipe body and an air head. The air pipe body is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the floating fishway body. The bottom end of the air pipe body is connected to the upper part of the ballast tank, and the top end of the air pipe body is above the water level of the river channel and is connected to the air head.

[0014] Optionally, the floating fishway equipment also includes rollers, with multiple rollers respectively arranged on the two side walls along the width direction of the fish channel of the floating fishway body, and the multiple rollers are used to roll inside the tunnel.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a fishway system, including a fixed fishway and a floating fishway device as described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the floating fishway equipment and fishway system of the present invention are: The floating fishway body can be set downstream of the fixed fishway. The floating fishway body can be movably connected to the fixed fishway through a connecting device. The fish tank of the floating fishway body can be equivalent to the inlet section and fish passage section of the fishway system, while the fixed fishway can be equivalent to the outlet section of the fishway system. When the water level of the downstream river changes, the main drainage device can fill and drain the multiple ballast tanks of the water tank device to actively adjust the draft of the floating fishway body. This allows the floating fishway body to always float up and down relative to the fixed fishway with the downstream water level through the connecting device, thereby maintaining the inlet water depth of the floating fishway body within a suitable range and the flow velocity within the target range. No matter how the downstream river water level changes, the fishway inlet of the floating fishway body (the end of the fish tank away from the fixed fishway) always maintains identifiable and accessible hydraulic conditions, fundamentally avoiding the problem of "fish entry failure" caused by excessive water level fluctuations.

[0017] Because the two ends of the retractable connector are flexibly and sealed to the fish tank and the fixed fishway respectively, the retractable connector can stretch or contract as the floating fishway body floats up and down. This not only ensures that the floating fishway body is subjected to reasonable force and has no stress concentration, but also maintains the continuity and sealing of the fish passage formed by the fish tank, the retractable connector and the fixed fishway, preventing water leakage or interruption. This ensures that fish in the downstream river can smoothly enter from the fish tank and flow to the upstream river through the retractable connector and the fixed fishway, so that the fish migration channel is always unobstructed.

[0018] Since this invention only requires connecting the downstream floating fishway body to the upstream fixed fishway through a connecting device, and actively adjusting the buoyancy of the floating fishway body through the main drainage device to adapt to the full water level range, there is no need to set up multiple inlet sections at different heights. This not only effectively reduces the dependence of the floating fishway equipment on terrain and geological conditions, but also reduces the consumption of civil engineering materials and construction costs, and shortens the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the fishway system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the floating fishway and the main drainage device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank device and the main filling and draining pipe structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the floating fishway equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main drainage device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maintenance compartment and the connecting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the fishway system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Fish trough; 110-First side plate; 120-Second side plate; 130-First bottom plate; 140-First bulkhead; 141-Fish passage hole; 150-Temporary holding area; 200-Water tank assembly; 210-Ballast water tank; 220-Empty tank; 230-Maintenance tank; 240-Second bottom plate; 250-Second bulkhead; 260-Diagonal brace; 300-Main drainage device; 310-Pump and valve assembly; 311-Water filling pump; 312-Water filling control valve; 313-Drainage pump; 314-Drainage control valve; 315-Water filling maintenance valve; 316-Water filling check valve; 317-Drainage... Water inspection valve; 318-Drain check valve; 320-Main filling / drainage pipe structure; 321-Main filling / drainage pipe body; 322-Inlet pipe; 323-Drain pipe; 324-Suction port; 330-Branch pipe; 340-Divider valve; 350-Mounting support; 360-Control module; 400-Connecting device; 410-First connecting seat; 420-Second connecting seat; 430-Support shaft; 500-Extendable connector; 600-Air piping system; 610-Air pipe body; 620-Air head; 700-Roller; 800-Concrete support; 900-Fixed fishway. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the attached diagram, the X-axis represents left and right position, with the positive direction of the X-axis representing the right side and the negative direction representing the left side; the Y-axis represents front and back position, with the positive direction of the Y-axis representing the front and the negative direction representing the back; the Z-axis represents up and down position, with the positive direction of the Z-axis representing up and the negative direction representing down. It should be noted that the aforementioned representations of the X, Y, and Z axes are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0023] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0025] To address the problems existing in the aforementioned related technologies, this embodiment provides a floating fishway equipment and fishway system.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a floating fishway device, comprising: The floating fishway body includes a fish tank 100 and a water tank device 200. The fish tank 100 is installed on the upper part of the water tank device 200 and is used for fish migration. The water tank device 200 includes a plurality of ballast water tanks 210 arranged along the extension direction of the fish tank 100. The floating fishway body is used to be located downstream of a fixed fishway 900. The main drainage device 300 is connected to the plurality of ballast water tanks 210 respectively, and is used to selectively fill or drain water into each of the ballast water tanks 210 to adjust the draft of the floating fishway body. A connecting device 400 is used to movably connect the floating fishway body and the fixed fishway 900, wherein the floating fishway body is movable relative to the fixed fishway 900 via the connecting device 400. A retractable connector 500 is provided, one end of which is connected to one end of the fish tank 100, and the other end of which is connected to the fixed fishway 900. The retractable connector 500 is used to adapt to deformation and prevent water leakage when the floating fishway body floats up and down.

[0027] Specifically, the fish tank 100 serves as a channel for fish migration, ensuring that fish can swim from the downstream to the upstream of the river.

[0028] Fish tank 100 can be installed along the water tank device 200 Figure 1 The positive direction of the Z-axis in the coordinate system. The extension direction of the fish tank 100 can be aligned with... Figure 1 In the coordinate system, the Y-axis is parallel and can refer to the length direction of the main body of the floating fishway.

[0029] The main drainage device 300 can be connected to multiple ballast water tanks 210 for filling and draining the interior of at least a portion of the ballast water tanks 210.

[0030] Figure 1 H2 refers to the highest designed working water level at the end of the floating fishway 100 that is furthest from the fixed fishway 900. Figure 1 H1 refers to the lowest design working water level at the end of the fish tank 100 that is far from the fixed fishway 900.

[0031] The end of the fish tank 100 furthest from the fixed fishway 900 is the inlet of the fish tank 100, and the end of the fish tank 100 closest to the fixed fishway 900 is the outlet of the fish tank 100.

[0032] When the water depth in the downstream channel where the floating fishway body is located is less than the water depth inside the fish tank 100 at the end far from the fixed fishway 900 (the inlet of the fish tank 100), that is, when the water level in the downstream channel drops, causing the inlet of the fish tank 100 of the floating fishway body to face the risk of insufficient water depth and excessive flow velocity, a water filling program can be triggered, for example, by the control module. Water can be sequentially filled into multiple ballast tanks 210 through the main drainage device 300, increasing the weight of the entire floating fishway body. The increased weight leads to an increased draft, which causes the entire tank device 200 (along with the fish tank 100 on it) to sink, lowering the position of the fish tank 100 inlet relative to the downstream riverbed. This effectively restores the minimum working water depth (H1) required at the inlet of the fish tank 100 and maintains the inlet of the fish tank 100 above H1, while reducing the flow velocity to a suitable range for the target fish (e.g., 0.5-1.5 m / s), ensuring that the inlet of the fish tank 100 can be discovered and entered by fish.

[0033] When the water depth in the downstream channel where the floating fishway is located is greater than the water depth at the end of the fish tank 100 away from the fixed fishway 900 (the inlet of the fish tank 100), that is, when the water level in the downstream channel rises, causing the inlet of the fish tank 100 of the floating fishway to face the risk of being submerged or having an excessively low flow velocity, a drainage procedure can be triggered, for example, by the control module. Water can be pumped (drained) from the multiple ballast tanks 210 to the downstream channel through the main drainage device 300, reducing the weight of the entire floating fishway. The weight reduction leads to a deeper draft. The temperature decreases, causing the entire water tank device 200 (along with the fish tank 100 on it) to float, raising the position of the fish tank 100 inlet relative to the downstream water surface, keeping the fish tank 100 inlet below H2, preventing the fish tank 100 inlet from being completely submerged, ensuring that the fish tank 100 inlet is always exposed above the water surface at a reasonable depth, maintaining the visibility and suitable flow rate required to attract fish, preventing failure due to the inlet "hiding", and ensuring that fish can smoothly enter the interior of the fish tank 100 from the fish tank 100 inlet.

[0034] The floating fishway body is movably connected to the fixed fishway 900 through the connecting device 400, so that the floating fishway body can float up and down relative to the fixed fishway 900 when the draft changes.

[0035] The two ends of the telescopic connector 500 can be welded to the fish tank 100 and the fixed fishway 900 to maintain a sealed connection.

[0036] The telescopic connector 500 can be made of a corrugated pipe, which is capable of stretching, contracting, and twisting under the forces transmitted when the floating fishway body floats up and down, such as tension or compression. Specifically, the telescopic connector can be made of steel, thereby extending its service life.

[0037] In this embodiment, the floating fishway body can be located downstream of the fixed fishway 900. The floating fishway body can be movably connected to the fixed fishway 900 via the connecting device 400. The fish trough 100 of the floating fishway body can be equivalent to the inlet section and fish passage section of the fishway system, and the fixed fishway 900 can be equivalent to the outlet section of the fishway system. When the water level of the downstream river changes, the main drainage device 300 can fill and drain the multiple ballast tanks 210 of the water tank device 200 to actively adjust the floating fishway body. The draft depth allows the floating fishway body to always float up and down relative to the fixed fishway 900, following the downstream water level through the connecting device 400. This maintains the inlet water depth of the floating fishway body within a suitable range and the flow velocity within the target range. Regardless of how the downstream river water level changes, the fishway inlet (the end of the fish trough 100 away from the fixed fishway 900) of the floating fishway body always maintains identifiable and accessible hydraulic conditions, fundamentally avoiding the problem of "fish entry failure" caused by excessive water level fluctuations.

[0038] Because the two ends of the retractable connector 500 are flexibly and sealed to the fish tank 100 and the fixed fishway 900 respectively, the retractable connector 500 can stretch or contract as the floating fishway body floats up and down. This not only ensures that the floating fishway body is subjected to reasonable force and has no stress concentration, but also maintains the continuity and sealing of the fish passage formed by the fish tank 100, the retractable connector 500 and the fixed fishway 900, preventing water leakage or interruption. This ensures that fish in the downstream river can smoothly enter from the fish tank 100 and flow to the upstream river through the retractable connector and the fixed fishway 900, so that the fish migration channel is always unobstructed.

[0039] Since the present invention only requires connecting the downstream floating fishway body to the upstream fixed fishway 900 through the connecting device 400, and actively adjusting the floating state of the floating fishway body to adapt to the full water level range through the main drainage device 300, there is no need to set up multiple inlet sections at different heights. This not only effectively reduces the dependence of the floating fishway equipment on terrain and geological conditions, but also reduces the cost of civil engineering materials and construction projects, and shortens the construction cycle.

[0040] Optionally, combined Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the main drainage device 300 includes a pump and valve assembly 310, a main filling and drainage structure 320, a branch pipe 330, and a water distribution valve 340. One end of the main filling and drainage structure 320 is used to connect to the river channel, and the other end of the main filling and drainage structure 320 passes through multiple ballast water tanks 210. The branch pipe 330 is installed in each ballast water tank 210, and the end of the branch pipe 330 is connected to the main filling and drainage structure 320 located in the ballast water tank 210. The water distribution valve 340 is disposed on the branch pipe 330. The pump and valve assembly 310 is connected to the main filling and drainage structure 320.

[0041] Specifically, the end of the main filling and drainage structure 320 near the fixed fishway 900 is used to connect to the river channel, and the end of the main filling and drainage structure 320 away from the fixed fishway 900 passes through multiple ballast tanks 210 in sequence. Therefore, the main filling and drainage structure 320 is a main pipeline that passes through multiple ballast tanks 210.

[0042] Each ballast water tank 210 is equipped with a branch pipe 330, and a water distribution valve 340 is installed between the two ends of each branch pipe 330.

[0043] Branch pipes 330 are installed inside each ballast water tank 210. One end is connected to the main filling and draining structure 320 that passes through the ballast water tank 210 via a tee or connector, and the other end (terminal end) can be connected to the suction port 324, which is located directly at the bottom of the ballast water tank 210 and faces the inner bottom of the ballast water tank 210. The suction port 324 can adopt a "trumpet-shaped" structure.

[0044] The pump-valve assembly 310 is connected to the end of the main filling / drainage structure 320 near the fixed fishway 900. It is used to draw water from the downstream (or upstream) river channel and transport it through the main filling / drainage structure 320, then distribute it through branch pipes 330 and corresponding diversion valves 340 to the corresponding ballast water tanks 210 for filling. Alternatively, it can draw water from the ballast water tanks 210 through suction inlets 324 and diversion valves 340, and discharge it into the downstream river channel after converging through the main filling / drainage structure 320. The pump-valve assembly 310 provides power for the filling and drainage of the main filling / drainage structure 320.

[0045] The main drainage device 300 also includes a mounting bracket 350, which can be installed inside the ballast water tank 210. The water distribution valve 340 can be fixedly installed inside the ballast water tank 210 through the mounting bracket 350. The water distribution valve 340 is an independent valve (such as an electric ball valve, gate valve, etc.) installed on each branch pipe 330.

[0046] In this optional embodiment, the main filling and draining pipe structure 320 serves as the sole main channel, offering a simple and reliable structure. Even if a single branch pipe 330 or water distribution valve 340 malfunctions, simply closing the corresponding water distribution valve 340 within the ballast water tank 210 is sufficient to isolate it, without affecting the normal operation of other ballast water tanks 210 or the core adjustment function of the entire system. This significantly enhances the fault tolerance and operational reliability of the fishway system, reduces the probability of the entire fishway function failing due to a localized fault, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the fishway system.

[0047] The through-type filling and draining main structure 320 optimizes the water flow path, reduces bends and resistance, and enables the pump and valve assembly 310 to deliver water more efficiently. Simultaneously, because targeted and rapid adjustments can be made to certain ballast tanks 210 (rather than operating all ballast tanks 210 each time), attitude fine-tuning can be completed in less time and with less energy consumption. This allows the floating fishway equipment to respond more quickly to rapid changes in downstream water levels, promptly adjusting the inlet of the fish tank 100 to the appropriate position, while also helping to reduce system operating energy consumption.

[0048] By independently controlling the opening and closing of the branch pipes 330 within each ballast water tank 210 through the water distribution valve 340, the system can selectively fill and drain specific ballast water tanks 210. For example, only some ballast water tanks 210 at the bow or stern can be operated to adjust the trim (draft-to-stern draft difference) of the floating fishway body; or all ballast water tanks 210 can be operated simultaneously to adjust the overall draft. This allows for precise control of the draft and horizontal attitude of the floating fishway body, ensuring that its inlet (the end of the fish trough 100 away from the fixed fishway 900) maintains the optimal angle and depth under various water level conditions, thus optimizing the inlet flow pattern.

[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 5 As shown, the main filling and draining pipe structure 320 includes a main filling and draining pipe body 321, an inlet pipe 322, and a drain pipe 323. The inlet pipe 322 and the drain pipe 323 are respectively connected to the end of the main filling and draining pipe body 321 near the river channel. The pump and valve assembly 310 includes a filling pump 311, a filling control valve 312, a drain pump 313, and a drain control valve 314. The filling pump 311 and the filling control valve 312 are respectively connected to the inlet pipe 322, and the drain pump 313 and the drain control valve 314 are respectively connected to the drain pipe 323.

[0050] Specifically, the main filling and draining pipe 321 is the core trunk line that runs through multiple ballast tanks 210, serving as a common channel for water flow within the tank assembly 200. One end of the inlet pipe 322 connects to an external water source (such as a downstream or upstream river channel), and the other end connects to the end of the main filling and draining pipe 321 near the fixed fishway 900. It is a dedicated inlet channel for external water flow into the main filling and draining pipe 321 and its delivery to each ballast tank 210. One end of the drain pipe 323 connects to an external water body (such as a downstream river channel), and the other end also connects to the end of the main filling and draining pipe 321 near the fixed fishway 900. It is a dedicated outlet channel for water from each ballast tank 210 to be discharged to the outside after passing through the main filling and draining pipe 321.

[0051] A water pump 311 provides power to pump water from the downstream river channel into the main filling and draining pipe 321 via the inlet pipe 322. A water filling control valve 312 is installed on the inlet pipe 322 to control the start and stop of the water filling operation, regulate the water filling flow rate, and prevent backflow of water from the end of the inlet pipe 322 away from the main filling and draining pipe 321. The pump-valve assembly 310 also includes a water filling maintenance valve 315 and a water filling check valve 316, both located on the inlet pipe 322. The water filling maintenance valve 315 allows for maintenance of the inlet pipe 322 and the main filling and draining pipe 321 when closed. The water filling check valve 316 prevents water from flowing back from the main filling and draining pipe 321 to the inlet pipe 322 during start-up and shutdown, thus preventing water hammer.

[0052] The drainage pump 313 provides power to pump water (from each ballast water tank 210) from the main filling / drainage pipe 321 to the downstream river channel via the drainage pipe 323. A drainage control valve 314 is installed on the drainage pipe 323 to control the start and stop of the drainage operation, regulate the drainage flow rate, and prevent backflow of external water. The pump-valve assembly 310 also includes a drainage maintenance valve 317 and a drainage check valve 318, which are respectively installed on the drainage pipe 323. The drainage maintenance valve 317 is used for maintenance of the drainage pipe 323 and the main filling / drainage pipe 321 when closed. The drainage check valve 318 prevents water from flowing back from the drainage pipe 323 to the main filling / drainage pipe 321 during start-up and shutdown, preventing water hammer.

[0053] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the main drainage device 300 also includes a control module 360. The control module 360 ​​can be a controller that can be electrically connected to the water filling pump 311 and the drainage pump 313. It can select to control the water filling pump 311 to perform water filling operation or control the drainage pump 313 to perform drainage operation based on manual operation or a water depth sensor installed on the outer wall of the floating fishway body.

[0054] In this optional embodiment, two functionally independent and physically separated pipes are provided at the interface between the main filling / drainage pipe 321 and the external river channel. The inlet pipe 322 is mainly used for "water source introduction", and the outlet pipe 323 is mainly used for "water discharge". The two are connected in parallel rather than in series at the end of the main filling / drainage pipe 321. This can fundamentally avoid the flow direction conflict or mutual interference of water in the external pipelines such as the inlet pipe 322 and the outlet pipe 323 during filling and drainage operations. During filling, the water from the external water source (e.g., the downstream river channel) flows sequentially through the inlet pipe 322, the main filling / drainage pipe 321, the branch pipe 330, the water distribution valve 340, and the suction port 324 into the ballast water tank 210. During drainage, the water in the ballast water tank 210 flows sequentially through the suction port 324, the branch pipe 330, the water distribution valve 340, and the main filling / drainage pipe 321, and is discharged to the external water source (e.g., the downstream river channel) through the outlet pipe 323. The two paths do not encroach on each other.

[0055] A water filling pump 311 and a water filling control valve 312 are installed on the inlet pipe 322, and a drain pump 313 and a drain control valve 314 are installed on the drain pipe 323. This feature further configures dedicated power sources (pumps) and switches / regulators (control valves) on the separated "inlet" and "drain" paths, thus forming two complete and independent fluid drive and control subsystems. The water filling subsystem (water filling pump 311 + water filling control valve 312) and the draining subsystem (draining pump 313 + drain control valve 314) can operate independently in terms of mechanical and electrical control. Failure, maintenance, or performance adjustment of either subsystem will not directly affect the normal function of the other subsystem, providing system-level redundancy and reliability.

[0056] When water filling is required, only the water filling subsystem needs to be activated; when water drainage is required, only the drainage subsystem needs to be activated. There is a one-to-one direct mapping between operating commands and executed actions, making the control system logic extremely simple and responsive.

[0057] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the water tank device 200 also includes an empty compartment 220 and a maintenance compartment 230 arranged adjacent to each other along the extension direction of the fish tank 100. The maintenance compartment 230 is movably connected to the fixed fishway 900 via a connecting device 400. The empty compartment 220 is connected between the ballast water tank 210 and the maintenance compartment 230 to ensure the longitudinal rigidity of the water tank device 200 and the body shape connection between the ballast water tank 210 and the maintenance compartment 230.

[0058] Specifically, the number of empty cabins 220 is at least one, in Figure 1 The number of empty cabins (220) can be three.

[0059] The maintenance compartment 230 is a specially designed, independent compartment located at the upstream end of the floating fishway (i.e., near the fixed fishway 900). Its core feature is the installation structure of the connecting device 400, which is either built-in or externally connected to the fixed fishway 900. This maintenance compartment 230 does not serve a ballast function; instead, it acts as a structurally reinforced, dedicated functional module to bear and transmit concentrated loads generated by the floating motion, and to provide protected installation, operation, and maintenance space for critical connecting components.

[0060] Empty compartment 220 is one or more sealed cavities arranged along the length of the floating fishway body between ballast tank 210 and maintenance compartment 230. It does not contain branch pipes 330, water distribution valves 340, or suction inlets 324. Its main structure consists of complete bulkheads and longitudinal supports. The core purpose of empty compartment 220 is not to carry functional cargo (such as water), but to provide structural contributions. It serves as a "structural transition section" and "stiffening section" between ballast tank 210 (which has variable functions and complex internal piping) and maintenance compartment 230 (which has a unique structure and many openings). Its design aims to solve the structural discontinuity problem caused by functional differences.

[0061] In this optional embodiment, all mechanical connections (connecting devices 400) and hydraulic connections (retractable connectors 500) between the floating part (floating fishway main body) and the fixed part (fixed fishway 900) are centrally integrated and installed in a specially reinforced maintenance compartment 230. This structurally separates the complex connection interfaces from the maintenance compartment 230, effectively transferring and dispersing the concentrated forces (bending moments, shear forces) generated at the moving connections to the entire hull (floating fishway main body) through the reinforced maintenance compartment 230 structure. This avoids stress acting directly on the ballast tank 210, which has complex internal piping, thus improving the fatigue life and reliability of critical nodes. All components of the connecting device 400 (e.g., the first connecting seat 410, the second connecting seat 420, and the support shaft 430) are arranged in the specially accessible maintenance compartment 230, making installation, commissioning, daily inspection, lubrication maintenance, and component replacement extremely convenient. Moreover, maintenance work does not affect the sealing and function of the ballast tank 210.

[0062] Because the ballast water tank 210 contains a large number of branch pipes 330, water distribution valves 340, and suction inlets 324, the first bulkhead 140 inside the ballast water tank 210 needs to have through holes to allow the main filling and draining pipe body 321 to pass through, which seriously weakens its integrity and rigidity as a transverse strong frame of the hull. The empty tank 220 has no such openings, and its longitudinal ribs remain intact and continuous. Thus, a highly intact "rigid section" is inserted between the structurally weak ballast water tank 210 section and the maintenance tank 230 with more openings. This effectively maintains and enhances the overall rigidity of the entire floating fishway body against longitudinal bending, effectively preventing the floating fishway body from undergoing excessive overall bending deformation or local instability under waves or uneven loads, and ensuring the structural safety of the floating fishway body during long-term repeated raising and lowering processes.

[0063] Optionally, combined Figure 6 As shown, the connecting device 400 includes a first connecting seat 410, a second connecting seat 420, and a support shaft 430. The first connecting seat 410 is fixedly connected to the end of the maintenance compartment 230 near the fixed fishway 900. The side of the maintenance compartment 230 is used to install a concrete support 800. The second connecting seat 420 is used to connect to the concrete support 800. The support shaft 430 passes between the first connecting seat 410 and the second connecting seat 420. The maintenance compartment 230 is used to rotatably connect to the fixed fishway 900 through the support shaft 430.

[0064] Specifically, the first connecting seat 410 is a steel structure (such as a cast steel seat) fixed to the end of the maintenance compartment 230 near the fixed fishway 900. It serves as the connection interface for the floating part (maintenance compartment 230) and has a precision-machined first shaft hole.

[0065] The second connecting seat 420 is a steel structural component (such as a cast steel seat) pre-embedded in the concrete support 800. It corresponds to the first connecting seat 410 and is provided with a second shaft hole. Concrete supports 800 are respectively installed on the outer sides of both ends of the maintenance compartment 230 along the width direction of the fish tank 100. The concrete supports 800 are independent concrete foundation structures cast on both sides of the width direction of the maintenance compartment 230.

[0066] The concrete supports 800 provide a permanent foundation capable of withstanding huge concentrated loads. The double-sided arrangement of the concrete supports 800 in the width direction of the maintenance compartment 230 creates a stable portal frame structure that "suspends" the floating fishway main maintenance compartment 230 within it. This structure can effectively resist overturning moments and allows the maintenance compartment 230 to pitch and rotate freely about the horizontal axis of the support shaft 430.

[0067] The support shaft 430 is a transverse shaft (such as a trunnion) that passes through the first shaft hole of the first connecting seat 410 and the second shaft hole of the second connecting seat 420. Bushings are respectively provided in the first shaft hole on the first connecting seat 410 side and the second shaft hole of the second connecting seat 420, forming a rotating pair. As the core rotating element of the entire rotary connection mechanism, the support shaft 430 not only defines a precise axis of rotation but also withstands the shear force and bending moment from the maintenance compartment 230.

[0068] In this optional embodiment, the maintenance compartment 230 is used to rotate about the support shaft 430 relative to the fixed fishway 900. While allowing the necessary rotational freedom, it restricts undesirable displacements in other directions (such as lateral drift and torsion), ensuring the stability of the movement of the maintenance compartment 230 and the controllability of the relative position of the interface (telescopic connector 500) with the fixed fishway 900.

[0069] When the maintenance compartment 230 tends to overturn due to uneven internal ballast or external water flow impact, the double-sided concrete supports 800 can provide force couples to resist the overturning moment. Their stability is far superior to that of a single-sided cantilever support, significantly improving the attitude stability of the floating fishway equipment in complex water flow. Symmetrically distributing the weight and load of the maintenance compartment 230 onto two independent concrete supports 800 avoids excessive concentrated loads on a single-sided foundation, reduces the requirements for the foundation's bearing capacity, and makes the foundation structure design more economical and rational.

[0070] The concrete support 800 and the maintenance compartment 230 together form a stable spatial frame, which enhances the overall stiffness of the connection area against complex stresses and reduces local deformation.

[0071] Optionally, combined Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the fish tank 100 includes a first side plate 110, a second side plate 120, a first bottom plate 130, and a plurality of first partitions 140. The first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 are spaced apart along the width direction of the fish tank 100. The first bottom plate 130 is fixedly connected between the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120. The upper sides of the first side plate 110, the second side plate 120, and the first bottom plate 130 form the fish tank body. The plurality of first partitions 140 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fish tank 100 within the fish tank body to divide the fish tank body into a plurality of temporary holding areas 150. The first partitions 140 are provided with fish passage holes 141 for fish to pass through.

[0072] Specifically, the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 are vertical steel plates arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart along the width direction of the fish tank 100. They constitute the two side walls of the fish tank 100. The width direction of the fish tank 100 is parallel to the width direction of the fish tank 100. Figure 4The X-axis is parallel in the coordinate system.

[0073] The first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 serve as the main longitudinal load-bearing components of the fish tank 100, bearing the internal water pressure and forming a water passage section together with the first bottom plate 130. The spacing (i.e., width) between the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 is a key dimension that determines the flow capacity of the fish tank 100 and its adaptability to fish body shapes.

[0074] The first base plate 130 is a steel plate laid with a slight slope, and its two side edges are fixedly connected (usually by welding) to the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 respectively. The first base plate 130 forms the bottom of the fish tank 100, which is the basic plane that bears the weight of the water and forms the flow boundary. It is also the common top plate of the lower ballast water tank 210, empty tank 220 and maintenance tank 230, and is a key component connecting the upper fish tank 100 and the lower water tank device 200.

[0075] The fish tank body is a U-shaped or rectangular open trough-shaped space formed by the first side plate 110, the second side plate 120 and the first bottom plate 130 from the sides and bottom respectively. This is the channel through which fish actually swim upstream, providing a continuous, controllable and closed water passage that guides the water flow and fish from the downstream inlet to the upstream outlet.

[0076] Multiple first partitions 140 are steel plates that are installed vertically at intervals in the fish tank body along the length direction (extension direction) of the fish tank 100. Each partition divides the fish tank body into independent temporary holding areas 150 in length. The first partitions 140 have fish passage holes 141 of specific shape and size (such as vertical slits, submersible holes or weirs).

[0077] The first partition 140 is used to consume water flow energy and create a suitable flow velocity; each unit formed by its partition becomes a temporary holding area 150 (resting pool) for fish to rest; the fish hole 141 generates a directional water flow to guide the fish and controls the flow velocity between pools.

[0078] The fish passage holes 141 of the plurality of first partitions 140 arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the fish tank 100 can be staggered.

[0079] In this optional embodiment, the first bottom plate 130 is fixedly connected between the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120, forming the fish tank body, which can be similar to a thin-walled box girder structure. The first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 serve as the web of the thin-walled box girder structure, and the first bottom plate 130 serves as the lower flange of the thin-walled box girder structure, working together. This structure not only forms a flow channel, but also serves as the main load-bearing component, transferring the weight of the water in the fish tank 100 and the external load to the entire floating body through the first bottom plate 130, forming a robust, sealed rigid water tank that can withstand water pressure, equipment weight, and possible impact loads for a long time, ensuring the integrity and durability of the floating fishway body.

[0080] Multiple first baffles 140 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fish tank 100 within the fish tank body to divide the fish tank body into multiple temporary retention zones 150, effectively reducing and homogenizing the water flow velocity throughout the fish tank body, avoiding the formation of a single rapid flow, decomposing the total head difference into multiple small drops, so that the flow velocity in each temporary retention zone 150 is within the range where the target fish can safely swim upstream and rest (e.g., 0.5-1.5 m / s).

[0081] The separated temporary holding area 150 simulates a natural pond environment, providing fish with a necessary resting place during their upstream migration. It is especially suitable for fish species with weak swimming ability or those that need to make multiple sprints, significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of fish passage. The first partition 140 acts as a "lateral reinforcing rib" inside the fish tank 100, welded between the first side plate 110, the second side plate 120, and the first bottom plate 130, significantly enhancing the lateral stiffness and deformation resistance of the fish tank 100, making it more adaptable to stress changes in a floating state.

[0082] The fish passage holes 141 of the multiple first baffles 140 can be staggered, forcing the water flow to deflect nearly 180 degrees laterally within the next temporary retention area 150 after passing through one fish passage hole 141 in order to find the next staggered fish passage hole 141. This drastic turning process generates a large amount of eddies and friction, greatly consuming the kinetic energy of the water flow and more effectively reducing and controlling the overall flow velocity within the fish tank 100, ensuring that each temporary retention area 150 can become an effective energy dissipation pool and resting area. The lateral flow of water across the fish tank body will cause the water body of the entire fish tank body to rotate, forming a large-scale, dynamic spiral backflow (rotating flow field). This makes the water body from the bottom to the surface and from one side to the other in the fish tank body fully agitated and mixed, and the water flow distribution within the entire temporary retention area 150 is more uniform, avoiding local high speeds and local stagnant water; water mixing helps oxygen exchange and keeps the water quality fresh; the rotating flow field allows fish to sense the direction of water flow at any position in the pool, making it easier for them to find the next fish passage hole 141. The staggered fish passages 141 create a zigzag path of movement, providing strong and continuous guiding signals for the fish, guiding them naturally to the correct exit (the next fish passage 141), thus improving the initiative and efficiency of the fish in passing through the fish tank.

[0083] Optionally, combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the water tank device 200 includes a second bottom plate 240 and a plurality of second partitions 250. The second bottom plate 240 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120. The lower sides of the first side plate 110, the second side plate 120, and the first bottom plate 130, together with the upper side of the second bottom plate 240, form a water tank area. The plurality of second partitions 250 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fish tank 100 inside the water tank area to divide the water tank area into a plurality of ballast water tanks 210. The first bottom plate 130 is the top plate of the ballast water tank 210. The main drainage device 300 passes through the plurality of second partitions 250.

[0084] Specifically, if the height of a single first side plate 110 and a second side plate 120 matches the overall height of the floating fishway body, they can simultaneously serve as side plates shared by the fish tank 100 and the water tank device 200 along the width direction of the fish tank 100. If the height of a single first side plate 110 and a second side plate 120 is lower than the overall height of the floating fishway body, then along the width direction of the fish tank 100, the side plates of the fish tank 100 (first side plate 110 and second side plate 120) and the side plates of the water tank device 200 are independent. In this case, along the width direction of the fish tank 100, the side plates of the fish tank 100 and the side plates of the water tank device 200 can be fixed by welding, and can also be welded to the first bottom plate 130.

[0085] If the fish tank 100 and the water tank device 200 share the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120, the second bottom plate 240 is a steel plate located at the bottom of the entire floating fishway body. Its two sides are fixedly connected (e.g., welded) to the bottom of the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120 respectively. The second bottom plate 240 can be parallel to the first bottom plate 130 above or form a certain small angle, together forming the upper and lower boundaries of the box-shaped structure.

[0086] Multiple second bulkheads 250 are steel plates erected in the water tank area along the extension direction of the fish tank 100. Their upper and lower edges are fixedly connected to the first bottom plate 130 and the second bottom plate 240, respectively. Their edges (left and right edges) along the width direction of the fish tank 100 are fixedly connected to the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120. A portion of the second bulkheads 250 divide the water tank area into several independent ballast water tanks 210 in length. Furthermore, another portion of the second bulkheads 250 divide the remaining area of ​​the water tank area into several independent empty tanks 220 and at least one maintenance tank 230.

[0087] When the main filling and draining pipe body 321 of the filling and draining main pipe structure 320 passes through each second partition 250, a hole is reserved in the second partition 250 and a sealing sleeve is installed, so that the main filling and draining main pipe body 321 can continuously pass through all the ballast water tanks 210 separated by the second partitions 250, providing a unified filling and draining channel for all parallel ballast water tanks 210, which is the basis for system integration and controllability.

[0088] The water tank assembly 200 also includes multiple diagonal braces 260, which are inclined members (usually angle steel or steel plates) connecting the first side plate 110 / second side plate 120 and the first bottom plate 130 / second bottom plate 240. These braces are not vertical supports, but rather connected at an angle (e.g., 45°) at the corners where adjacent planar members intersect. Stress concentration is easily generated at the welded joints (corner joints) of the first side plate 110 and second side plate 120 with the first bottom plate 130 and second bottom plate 240, especially when subjected to water pressure and overall bending moment. The function of the diagonal braces 260 is to more effectively distribute and transfer the force at these points, transforming a simple "T"-shaped connection into a stable "triangular" structure.

[0089] The intake 324 is located at the lowest point of the bottom of each ballast tank 210. The second bottom plate 240 is not laid horizontally, but slopes along its length, making the end closer to the fixed fishway 900 (upstream end) higher than the end further away from the fixed fishway 900 (downstream end). The purpose is to use gravity to allow the water in each ballast tank 210 to flow naturally to the intake 324 of the branch pipe 330 located at the lowest point (downstream end) of that tank. Regardless of the water level in the ballast tank 210, the water will generate a potential energy difference and flow tendency towards the low-lying end (intake 324) under the action of gravity. During drainage operations, gravity assists the water flow to completely converge at the intake 324, minimizing the formation of residual water at the bottom of the ballast tank 210 and ensuring the accuracy and response speed of ballast adjustment.

[0090] In this optional embodiment, the second bottom plate 240, together with the first side plate 110, the second side plate 120, the first bottom plate 130, and multiple second partitions 250, forms a sealed water tank area and divides it into multiple ballast water tanks 210. The first bottom plate 130 also serves as the top plate of the ballast water tanks 210, constructing a complete watertight welded box girder. The second partitions 250 not only serve as compartments but also as important lateral strong frames, rigidly connected to the vertically arranged first bottom plate 130 and second bottom plate 240, and the horizontally arranged first side plate 110 and second side plate 120, forming a dense grid-like reinforced structure. This grid-like reinforced structure can extremely effectively resist water pressure, wave impact, and longitudinal bending stress generated by the first bottom plate 130 and second side plate 120 during floating, providing a robust and reliable physical foundation for the entire equipment.

[0091] The first base plate 130 is shared with the bottom plate of the fish tank 100 and the top plate of the water tank device 200, eliminating the need for a separate steel structure. While ensuring strength, it reduces the self-weight, increases the effective load (ballast water) ratio, and improves structural efficiency.

[0092] The main filling and draining structure 320 serves as the core pipeline, "penetrating" through each compartment wall and physically connecting all sub-compartments (ballast water tanks 210). At the same time, it is sealed at each penetration point to ensure the independent watertightness of each compartment. This enables unified scheduling and management of the filling and draining power and commands of all ballast water tanks 210 in the floating fishway main body, which is the basis for realizing "centralized control and zoned regulation" and avoids the extreme complexity of configuring external pipelines separately for each ballast water tank 210.

[0093] Optionally, combined Figure 1As shown, the floating fishway equipment also includes an air piping system 600, which is installed inside each of the ballast tanks 210. The air piping system 600 includes an air pipe body 610 and an air head 620. The air pipe body 610 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the floating fishway body. The bottom end of the air pipe body 610 is connected to the upper part of the ballast tank 210, and the top end of the air pipe body 610 is higher than the water level of the river and is connected to the air head 620.

[0094] Specifically, the air piping system 600 is an independent ventilation piping system installed inside each ballast water tank 210. Its core function is to provide each independent ballast water tank 210 with a dedicated pressure balance channel that is directly connected to the outside atmosphere, ensuring that the internal air pressure of the ballast water tank 210 is always consistent with the atmospheric pressure.

[0095] The air pipe body 610 is a vertically arranged pipe with its bottom opening penetrating through the first bottom plate 130 and located in the top area of ​​the interior space of the ballast water tank 210, communicating with the air inside the ballast water tank 210; its top extends upward and eventually exceeds the water level of the external river channel.

[0096] The air head 620 is a protective component installed at the top outlet of the air pipe body 610. It is a cover with a waterproof and insect-proof structure. While ensuring free airflow, it prevents external foreign objects (such as rainwater, dust, insects, and debris) from falling into the ballast water tank 210 through the air pipe body 610, keeps the tank environment clean, and avoids clogging the air pipe body 610 or contaminating the ballast water.

[0097] In this optional embodiment, each ballast water tank 210 is equipped with an air pipe system 600; the bottom end of the air pipe body 610 passes through the first bottom plate 130 and connects to the ballast water tank 210, while the top end is above the river water level. When water is added to the ballast water tank 210, the displaced air inside the ballast water tank 210 can be discharged unimpeded to the outside air through the air pipe body 610; when water is drained from the ballast water tank 210, outside air can be replenished unimpeded through the air pipe body 610, preventing the formation of a vacuum inside the ballast water tank 210. This fundamentally prevents dangerous positive or negative pressure from being generated inside the sealed ballast water tank 210 due to rapid filling and draining, avoiding positive pressure causing the ballast water tank 210's walls to bulge or deform or the welds to crack, and avoiding negative pressure causing the ballast water tank 210's walls to collapse under atmospheric pressure, ensuring the integrity and safety of this core load-bearing structure, the ballast water tank 210, during dynamic operations. The free entry and exit of air makes the working object of the filling pump 311 or the draining pump 313 close to an "open water body", which significantly reduces the "air resistance" or "vacuum suction" load that the filling pump 311 or the draining pump 313 needs to overcome, making the filling and draining process smoother, improving the working efficiency and service life of the pump valve assembly 310, and ensuring the realization of the design flow rate.

[0098] The air pipe body 610 is reliably secured to prevent it from becoming loose, damaged, or generating noise due to hull movement (floating fishway body) or water flow impact. This robust installation method ensures the reliability of this safety-critical component under long-term vibration and harsh environments. An air head 620 is installed, adding a "filter barrier" that only allows air to pass through the open vent at the top of the air pipe body 610. This effectively prevents external environmental interference and damage to the cleanliness of the ballast tank 210, reducing malfunctions and maintenance needs caused by foreign objects clogging the pipe or accumulating inside the ballast tank 210.

[0099] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the floating fishway equipment also includes rollers 700. Multiple rollers 700 are respectively arranged on the two side walls along the width direction of the fish trough 100 of the floating fishway body. The multiple rollers 700 are used to roll inside the tunnel.

[0100] Specifically, rollers 700 can be installed on the sidewalls of the floating fishway body along the width direction of the fish tank 100, such as the outer side of the first side plate 110 and the second side plate 120.

[0101] In this optional embodiment, discrete, line-contact or point-contact rolling support points are established between the sidewall of the floating fishway equipment along the width direction of the fish trough 100 and the inner wall of the tunnel. When the floating fishway equipment needs to float up and down due to water level changes, the rollers 700 roll on the tunnel wall, transforming the large-area sliding friction between the sidewall of the floating fishway body and the tunnel wall into rolling friction of multiple rollers 700, reducing the frictional resistance by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the rollers 700 constrain the lateral displacement and deflection of the floating fishway equipment in the horizontal plane, forcing it to move strictly up and down along the axial direction of the tunnel. This effectively prevents the floating fishway equipment from swaying, rotating, or colliding with the tunnel wall in turbulent flow, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the operating trajectory and protecting the safety of the floating fishway equipment and the tunnel wall.

[0102] The present invention provides a fishway system, including a fixed fishway 900 and a floating fishway equipment as described in the above embodiment.

[0103] Combination Figure 6 As shown, the fishway system in this embodiment also includes concrete supports 800. A concrete support 800 is respectively installed on the outer sides of both ends of the maintenance compartment 230 of the floating fishway equipment along the width direction of the fish tank 100. The connecting device 400 and the maintenance compartment 230 are both located between two concrete supports 800 spaced apart along the width direction of the fish tank 100. Two second connecting seats 420 of the connecting device 400 are respectively embedded in the corresponding two concrete supports 800. Two first connecting seats 410 of the connecting device 400 are respectively welded and fixed to the two side walls of the maintenance compartment 230 along the width direction of the fish tank 100. A support shaft 430 is provided in each first connecting seat 410 and the corresponding second connecting seat 420, so that the support shaft 430 passes through the first connecting seat 410 and the second connecting seat 420, enabling the maintenance compartment 230 to rotate up and down relative to the fixed fishway 900 via the connecting device 400.

[0104] The beneficial effects of the fishway system in this embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as those of the floating fishway equipment described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating fishway device, characterized in that, include: A floating fishway body includes a fish tank (100) and a water tank device (200), the fish tank (100) being installed on the upper part of the water tank device (200), the fish tank (100) being used for fish migration; the water tank device (200) including a plurality of ballast water tanks (210) arranged along the extension direction of the fish tank (100); the floating fishway body is used to be located downstream of a fixed fishway (900); The main drainage device (300) is connected to the plurality of ballast water tanks (210) respectively, and is used to selectively fill or drain water into each of the ballast water tanks (210) to adjust the draft of the floating fishway body. A connecting device (400) is used to movably connect the floating fishway body and the fixed fishway (900), wherein the floating fishway body is used to move relative to the fixed fishway (900) via the connecting device (400); A retractable connector (500) is provided, one end of which is connected to one end of the fish tank (100), and the other end of which is connected to the fixed fishway (900) to adapt to deformation and prevent water leakage when the floating fishway body floats up and down.

2. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drainage device (300) includes a pump and valve assembly (310), a main filling and drainage structure (320), a branch pipe (330), and a water distribution valve (340). One end of the main filling and drainage structure (320) is used to connect to the river channel, and the other end of the main filling and drainage structure (320) passes through multiple ballast water tanks (210). The branch pipe (330) is installed in each ballast water tank (210), and the end of the branch pipe (330) is connected to the main filling and drainage structure (320) located in the ballast water tank (210). The water distribution valve (340) is set on the branch pipe (330). The pump and valve assembly (310) is connected to the main filling and drainage structure (320).

3. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main filling and draining pipe structure (320) includes a main filling and draining pipe body (321), an inlet pipe (322), and a drain pipe (323). The inlet pipe (322) and the drain pipe (323) are respectively connected to the end of the main filling and draining pipe body (321) near the river channel. The pump and valve assembly (310) includes a filling pump (311), a filling control valve (312), a drain pump (313), and a drain control valve (314). The filling pump (311) and the filling control valve (312) are respectively connected to the inlet pipe (322), and the drain pump (313) and the drain control valve (314) are respectively connected to the drain pipe (323).

4. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank device (200) also includes an empty compartment (220) and a maintenance compartment (230) arranged adjacent to each other along the extension direction of the fish tank (100). The maintenance compartment (230) is movably connected to the fixed fishway (900) via a connecting device (400). The empty compartment (220) is connected between the ballast water tank (210) and the maintenance compartment (230) to ensure the longitudinal stiffness of the water tank device (200) and the body shape connection between the ballast water tank (210) and the maintenance compartment (230).

5. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting device (400) includes a first connecting seat (410), a second connecting seat (420), and a support shaft (430). The first connecting seat (410) is fixedly connected to the end of the maintenance compartment (230) near the fixed fishway (900). The side of the maintenance compartment (230) is used to install a concrete support (800). The second connecting seat (420) is used to connect to the concrete support (800). The support shaft (430) passes through the first connecting seat (410) and the second connecting seat (420). The maintenance compartment (230) is used to be rotatably connected to the fixed fishway (900) through the support shaft (430).

6. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fish tank (100) includes a first side plate (110), a second side plate (120), a first bottom plate (130), and a plurality of first partitions (140). The first side plate (110) and the second side plate (120) are spaced apart along the width direction of the fish tank (100). The first bottom plate (130) is fixedly connected between the first side plate (110) and the second side plate (120). The upper sides of the first side plate (110), the second side plate (120), and the first bottom plate (130) form the fish tank body. The plurality of first partitions (140) are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fish tank (100) in the fish tank body to divide the fish tank body into a plurality of temporary holding areas (150). The first partitions (140) are provided with fish passage holes (141) for fish to pass through.

7. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water tank device (200) includes a second bottom plate (240) and a plurality of second partitions (250). The second bottom plate (240) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the first side plate (110) and the second side plate (120). The lower side of the first side plate (110), the second side plate (120), and the first bottom plate (130) and the upper side of the second bottom plate (240) form a water tank area. The plurality of second partitions (250) are spaced apart inside the water tank area along the extension direction of the fish tank (100) to divide the water tank area into a plurality of ballast water tanks (210). The first bottom plate (130) is the top plate of the ballast water tank (210). The main drainage device (300) passes through the plurality of second partitions (250).

8. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an air piping system (600), which is installed inside each of the ballast tanks (210); the air piping system (600) includes an air pipe body (610) and an air head (620). The air pipe body (610) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the floating fishway body. The bottom end of the air pipe body (610) is connected to the upper part of the ballast tank (210), and the top end of the air pipe body (610) is higher than the water level of the river and is connected to the air head (620).

9. The floating fishway equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes rollers (700), and multiple rollers (700) are respectively provided on the two side walls along the width direction of the fish tank (100) of the floating fishway body, and the multiple rollers (700) are used to roll in the tunnel.

10. A fishway system, characterized in that, Includes a fixed fishway (900) and a floating fishway equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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