Fire-fighting water supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-fighting water supply system and belongs to the technical field of fire fighting. The first fire pool and the second fire pool which are located at different elevations are connected to the same fire water supply main pipe and are finally conveyed to a water supply pipe network through a water supply pipeline, so that the pipeline investment and the radiation occupied area are saved; the pressure reducing device is arranged at the downstream end of the fire-fighting water supply main pipe, a pressure reducing valve can be omitted, and through linkage control of the pressure transmitter at the downstream end of the fire-fighting water supply main pipe and the electric valves, the fire-fighting water outlet connecting pipe where the corresponding electric valve is located can be selected to supply water according to the actual water pressure at the downstream end of the fire-fighting water supply main pipe. And the water supply pressure at the tail end of the water supply system is ensured to be constant in a certain controllable range and is not influenced by different elevations of the fire pool, and the investment and operation and maintenance cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fire-fighting water supply system, belonging to the field of fire protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Most hydroelectric power stations are built in mountainous areas far from cities, and usually require a separate fire-fighting and clean water supply system. Since hydroelectric power stations are mostly built on mountains, they often use the terrain to adopt a constant high-pressure water supply system, and build fire-fighting water tanks at high positions on nearby hillsides to meet the water supply pressure of the most unfavorable water use points.

[0003] Fire water tanks are often large in volume, and since most hydropower stations are located in mountainous areas, it is often difficult to find a suitable location that meets the land area requirements for placing fire water tanks due to limitations. Furthermore, according to Article 4.3.6 of the "Technical Specification for Fire Water Supply and Hydrant Systems" (GB50974-2014), a volume greater than 500m³ is required. 3 Fire water tanks should ideally have two independent compartments. If two fire water tanks are required, but space constraints at the same elevation prevent simultaneous construction, then the two tanks must be located at different elevations. If the elevation difference between the two tanks is significant, it will lead to large variations in the terminal water supply pressure. Therefore, measures must be taken to ensure that the terminal pressure of the water supply system remains constant within the range required by regulations, neither too high nor too low. Current solutions typically involve connecting the two fire water tanks to the water usage points via separate supply pipes, with pressure reducing valves installed at the ends of these pipes to ensure that the pressure connected to the water supply network remains within a reasonable range.

[0004] The main drawbacks of existing technical solutions are: The pressure reducing valve solution requires that each fire water tank be equipped with a separate water supply pipeline. For fire water tanks with higher elevations, a pressure reducing valve must be installed at the end of the water supply pipeline before it is connected to the water supply network.

[0005] If the site terrain restricts the elevation of both fire water tanks, the end water supply pressure exceeds the usage requirements, and pressure reducing valves need to be installed on all water supply pipelines.

[0006] In summary, this technical solution involves an increased number of water supply pipelines, resulting in higher investment, greater construction difficulty, and a larger footprint for pipeline laying. Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve is a precision mechanical component with a certain probability of failure, requiring a backup and thus incurring high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire water supply system that is simple in structure, reliable in operation, easy to construct and maintain, and can save investment costs.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a fire-fighting water supply system, including a first fire-fighting water tank, a second fire-fighting water tank, a pressure reducing device, a main fire-fighting water supply pipe, a fire-fighting water outlet connection pipe, a fire-fighting water outlet pipe, and a controller. The first fire-fighting water tank is positioned higher than the second fire-fighting water tank. The outlet of the first fire-fighting water tank is connected to a first water supply branch pipe, and the outlet of the second fire-fighting water tank is connected to a second water supply branch pipe. The outlet ends of both the first and second water supply branch pipes are connected to the upstream section of the main fire-fighting water supply pipe. The device is equipped with a backflow preventer. The pressure reducing device includes a sealed outer shell with several pressure reducing orifice plates fixed inside. The pressure reducing orifice plates divide the inner cavity of the shell into multiple water supply chambers along the vertical direction. The inlet of the lowest water supply chamber is connected to the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe, and a pressure transmitter is installed at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe. The outlet of each water supply chamber is connected to the fire water outlet pipe through a fire water outlet connection pipe. Each fire water outlet connection pipe is equipped with an electric valve. The electric valve and the pressure transmitter are electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] A further preferred option is that all pressure-reducing orifice plates are horizontally arranged.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment is: the outer shell includes multiple outer shell unit components arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, the pressure relief plate is disposed between two adjacent outer shell unit components, and a sealing ring is provided between the mating end face of the pressure relief plate and the outer shell unit component. A horizontal connecting plate for mating the pressure relief plate is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the outer shell unit component. The pressure relief plate and the corresponding horizontal connecting plates on its upper and lower sides are fixedly connected into a whole by fixing bolts. Multiple fixing bolts are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer shell.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment is: the outer casing is rectangular, the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe is connected to the left side wall of the outer casing, and the fire water outlet connection pipe is connected to the right side wall of the outer casing.

[0012] A further preferred option is that maintenance valves are installed at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe, the first water supply branch pipe, the second water supply branch pipe, and the fire water outlet connection pipe. The maintenance valve at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe is located upstream of the pressure transmitter, the maintenance valve on the second water supply branch pipe is located upstream of the backflow preventer, and the maintenance valve on the fire water outlet connection pipe is located upstream of the electric valve.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned fire water supply system, the present invention also provides a method for operating the fire water supply system. During operation, the electric valves on the fire water outlet connection pipe are all in a normally closed state. When the first fire water tank and the second fire water tank need to supply water to the fire water outlet pipe, the pressure transmitter transmits the water pressure data it detects to the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding electric valve to open.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, maintenance valves are installed at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe, the first water supply branch pipe, the second water supply branch pipe, and the fire water outlet connection pipe. The maintenance valve at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe is located upstream of the pressure transmitter, the maintenance valve on the second water supply branch pipe is located upstream of the backflow preventer, and the maintenance valve on the fire water outlet connection pipe is located upstream of the electric valve. During operation, all maintenance valves are in the normally open state.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The first and second fire water tanks, located at different elevations, are both connected to the same main fire water supply pipe, ultimately delivering water to the water supply network via a single supply pipeline, saving on pipeline investment and floor space. A pressure-reducing device is installed at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe, eliminating the need for a pressure-reducing valve. Through the coordinated control of a pressure transmitter and multiple electric valves at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe, the corresponding electric valve at the fire outlet connection pipe can be selected based on the actual water pressure at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe, ensuring that the water supply pressure at the end of the water supply system remains constant within a controllable range, unaffected by differences in the elevation of the fire water tanks, resulting in lower investment and maintenance costs. The pressure-reducing orifice plate is installed in a layered assembly with the outer casing unit using fixing bolts, facilitating disassembly, inspection, and maintenance of the pressure-reducing device. Furthermore, the number of layers of the pressure-reducing orifice plate can be flexibly adjusted according to different operating conditions, and the specifications of the pressure-reducing orifice plate can be flexibly changed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fire-fighting water supply system in this invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure reducing device and its upstream and downstream pipelines in this invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the embodiment shown from another perspective; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Top view of the embodiment shown; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the embodiment shown; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-reducing orifice plate structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer shell and the pressure-reducing perforated plate in this invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part B.

[0017] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: First fire water tank 1, Second fire water tank 2, Pressure reducing device 3, Pressure reducing orifice plate 4, Pressure transmitter 5, Electric valve 6, Inspection valve 7, Fire water supply main pipe 8, Housing 9, Backflow preventer 10, First water supply branch pipe 11, Second water supply branch pipe 12, Fire water outlet connection pipe 13, Fire water outlet pipe 14, Horizontal connection plate 15, Fixing bolt 16. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the fire-fighting water supply system of the present invention includes a first fire-fighting water tank 1, a second fire-fighting water tank 2, a pressure reducing device 3, a main fire-fighting water supply pipe 8, a fire-fighting water outlet connection pipe 13, a fire-fighting water outlet pipe 14, and a controller. The first fire-fighting water tank 1 is positioned higher than the second fire-fighting water tank 2. The outlet of the first fire-fighting water tank 1 is connected to a first water supply branch pipe 11, and the outlet of the second fire-fighting water tank 2 is connected to a second water supply branch pipe 12. The outlet ends of both the first and second water supply branch pipes 11 and 12 are connected to the upstream section of the main fire-fighting water supply pipe 8. The second water supply branch pipe 12 is equipped with... The backflow preventer 10 and the pressure reducing device 3 include a sealed outer shell 9. Several pressure reducing orifice plates 4 are fixedly installed inside the outer shell 9. The pressure reducing orifice plates 4 divide the inner cavity of the outer shell 9 into multiple water supply chambers along the vertical direction. The inlet of the water supply chamber located at the bottom is connected to the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8. A pressure transmitter 5 is installed at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8. The outlet of each water supply chamber is connected to the fire water outlet pipe 14 through the fire water outlet connection pipe 13. An electric valve 6 is installed on the fire water outlet connection pipe 13. The electric valve 6 and the pressure transmitter 5 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0020] The first fire water tank 1 and the second fire water tank 2 can be arranged according to the technical specifications of this field. The total volume of the first fire water tank 1 and the second fire water tank 2 should meet the water demand for one-time fire fighting. A constant pressure water supply system should be used, utilizing the mountain terrain, and the elevation should meet the water supply pressure requirements of the most unfavorable water point. The fire water tanks, located at higher elevations on nearby hillsides, should be positioned at an elevation that meets the water supply pressure requirements of the most unfavorable water point. The pressure reducing orifice plate 4, pressure transmitter 5, electric valve 6, backflow preventer 10, and controller are all existing conventional components.

[0021] The backflow preventer 10 is a device composed of check components to prevent backflow of water in the water supply pipeline. In this invention, it prevents water from flowing back into the second fire water tank 2. The second fire water tank 2 can be one or multiple tanks at different elevations. Any fire water tank located below the first fire water tank 1 can be considered a second fire water tank 2. Each second fire water tank 2 requires a backflow preventer 10 installed on its corresponding second water supply branch pipe 12. The first fire water tank 1 and the second fire water tank 2, located at different elevations, are all connected to the same fire water supply main pipe 8, and are ultimately transported to the water supply network through a single water supply pipeline, saving pipeline investment and floor space.

[0022] The pressure-reducing orifice plate 4 refers to a partition plate with several pressure-reducing holes in its middle. When flowing water passes through the pressure-reducing orifice plate 4, a head pressure drop (head loss H) is generated at the pressure-reducing orifice plate 4 due to local resistance loss. For ease of processing and design, in the preferred embodiment, the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are all horizontally arranged. The size and number of pressure-reducing holes in the pressure-reducing orifice plate 4 can be determined by calculating the required pressure reduction value. Different specifications of pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are matched according to different inlet water pressures. At the same time, the number of layers of pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 and the corresponding number of fire-fighting water outlet connection pipes 13 can be determined according to the range of changes or intervals of inlet water pressure at the front end of the pressure-reducing device 3. The larger the range of changes in inlet water pressure or the more pressure intervals, the more layers of pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are set, and the more corresponding fire-fighting water outlet connection pipes 13 are. The more layers of pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 in the pressure-reducing device 3, the stronger the pressure reduction capacity.

[0023] Pressure transmitter 5 is used to collect water pressure data in the pipeline and transmit it to the controller, while electric valve 6 is used to receive the output signal from the controller and realize automatic opening and closing. Electric valves 6 on different fire water outlet connection pipes 13 correspond to different pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 through different pressure-reducing water, so that the water supply pressure at the end of the water supply system after passing through the pressure-reducing device 3 is kept constant within a certain range.

[0024] In the specific implementation of the aforementioned fire water supply system, the corresponding operation method is as follows: During operation, the electric valves 6 on the fire water outlet connection pipe 13 are all in a normally closed state. When the first fire water tank 1 and the second fire water tank 2 need to supply water to the fire water outlet pipe 14, the pressure transmitter 5 transmits the detected water pressure data to the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding electric valve 6 to open. The target threshold corresponding to the water pressure data can be determined according to the actual working conditions. For example, in the preferred embodiment shown in the attached figure, the pressure reducing orifice plate 4 is set in two layers, dividing to form a three-layer water supply chamber, corresponding to three electric valves 6. In the corresponding preferred embodiment, the inlet pressure of the pressure reducing device 3 is set to P1 (i.e., the water pressure data detected by the pressure transmitter 5). When 0.3MPa≤P1<0.4MPa, the electric valve 6 on the bottom fire water outlet connection pipe 13 is opened to supply water; when 0.4MPa≤P1<0.5MPa, the electric valve 6 on the middle fire water outlet connection pipe 13 is opened to supply water; when 0.5MPa≤P1≤0.6MPa, the electric valve 6 on the top fire water outlet connection pipe 13 is opened to supply water; when the electric valve 6 of the corresponding pipe is opened, the electric valves 6 on the other pipes are closed.

[0025] This invention eliminates the need for a pressure reducing valve by installing a pressure reducing device 3 at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8. Through the linkage control of the pressure transmitter 5 and multiple electric valves 6 at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8, the corresponding electric valve 6 can be selected to supply water to the fire outlet connection pipe 13 based on the actual water pressure at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8. This ensures that the water supply pressure at the end of the water supply system remains constant within a certain controllable range (i.e., the water supply pressure of the fire outlet pipe 14 remains constant within a certain controllable range), unaffected by different elevations of the fire water tank, resulting in lower investment and maintenance costs.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments, the outer casing 9 includes multiple outer casing units arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. Pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are disposed between two adjacent outer casing units. Sealing rings are provided between the mating surfaces of the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 and the outer casing units. Horizontal connecting plates 15 for mating with the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are fixedly provided on the outer side walls of the outer casing units. The pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 and their corresponding horizontal connecting plates 15 on their upper and lower sides are fixedly connected into a whole by fixing bolts 16. Multiple fixing bolts 16 are spaced apart along the circumference of the outer casing 9. The pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 are installed in a layered combination with the outer casing units via fixing bolts 16, facilitating disassembly, inspection, and maintenance of the pressure-reducing device 3. Simultaneously, the number of layers of pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to different working conditions, and the specifications of the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 can be flexibly changed. In some conventional embodiments, the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 can be directly fixed inside the outer casing 9, generally by welding or bolting. The outer casing 9 and the pressure-reducing orifice plates 4 can be made of metal materials that meet strength requirements, such as Q235B steel or 314 stainless steel. The horizontal connecting plates 15 can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing 9, or they can be arranged continuously along the circumference of the housing 9.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments, for ease of processing and manufacturing, the outer casing 9 is rectangular, with the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe 8 connected to the left side wall of the outer casing 9, and the fire water outlet connection pipe 13 connected to the right side wall of the outer casing 9. In some alternative embodiments, the outer casing 9 may also be cylindrical.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, for ease of maintenance, maintenance valves 7 are provided at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe 8, the first water supply branch pipe 11, the second water supply branch pipe 12, and the fire water outlet connection pipe 13. The maintenance valve 7 at the downstream end of the main fire water supply pipe 8 is located upstream of the pressure transmitter 5, the maintenance valve 7 on the second water supply branch pipe 12 is located upstream of the backflow preventer 10, and the maintenance valve 7 on the fire water outlet connection pipe 13 is located upstream of the electric valve 6. In this preferred embodiment, all maintenance valves 7 are normally open during the operation of the fire water supply system.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting water supply system, comprising a first fire-fighting water tank (1), a second fire-fighting water tank (2), and a pressure-reducing device (3), wherein the first fire-fighting water tank (1) is positioned higher than the second fire-fighting water tank (2), the outlet of the first fire-fighting water tank (1) is connected to a first water supply branch pipe (11), and the outlet of the second fire-fighting water tank (2) is connected to a second water supply branch pipe (12), characterized in that: The system includes a main fire water supply pipe (8), a fire water outlet connection pipe (13), a fire water outlet pipe (14), and a controller. The outlet ends of the first water supply branch pipe (11) and the second water supply branch pipe (12) are both connected to the upstream section of the main fire water supply pipe (8). A backflow preventer (10) is installed on the second water supply branch pipe (12). The pressure reducing device (3) includes a sealed outer shell (9). Several pressure reducing orifice plates (4) are fixedly installed inside the outer shell (9). The pressure reducing orifice plates (4) reduce the pressure on the outer shell. (9) The inner cavity is divided into multiple water supply chambers along the vertical direction. The inlet of the water supply chamber at the bottom is connected to the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8). A pressure transmitter (5) is installed at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8). The outlet of each water supply chamber is connected to the fire water outlet pipe (14) through the fire water outlet connection pipe (13). An electric valve (6) is installed on the fire water outlet connection pipe (13). The electric valve (6) and the pressure transmitter (5) are electrically connected to the controller.

2. The fire-fighting water supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: All pressure relief orifice plates (4) are set horizontally.

3. The fire-fighting water supply system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell (9) includes multiple outer shell unit components arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The pressure relief plate (4) is set between two adjacent outer shell unit components. A sealing ring is provided between the mating end face of the pressure relief plate (4) and the outer shell unit component. A horizontal connecting plate (15) for mating the pressure relief plate (4) is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the outer shell unit component. The pressure relief plate (4) and the corresponding horizontal connecting plates (15) on its upper and lower sides are fixedly connected into a whole by fixing bolts (16). Multiple fixing bolts (16) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer shell (9).

4. The fire-fighting water supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (9) is rectangular. The downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8) is connected to the left side wall of the outer shell (9), and the fire water outlet connection pipe (13) is connected to the right side wall of the outer shell (9).

5. The fire-fighting water supply system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Maintenance valves (7) are provided at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8), the first water supply branch pipe (11), the second water supply branch pipe (12), and the fire water outlet connection pipe (13). The maintenance valve (7) at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8) is located upstream of the pressure transmitter (5), the maintenance valve (7) on the second water supply branch pipe (12) is located upstream of the backflow preventer (10), and the maintenance valve (7) on the fire water outlet connection pipe (13) is located upstream of the electric valve (6).

6. The operation method of a fire-fighting water supply system, characterized in that, In the fire water supply system described in any one of claims 1 to 4, during operation, the electric valves (6) on the fire water outlet connection pipe (13) are normally closed. When the first fire water tank (1) and the second fire water tank (2) need to supply water to the fire water outlet pipe (14), the pressure transmitter (5) transmits the water pressure data it detects to the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding electric valve (6) to open.

7. The method for operating the fire-fighting water supply system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Maintenance valves (7) are installed at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8), the first water supply branch pipe (11), the second water supply branch pipe (12), and the fire water outlet connection pipe (13). The maintenance valve (7) at the downstream end of the fire water supply main pipe (8) is located upstream of the pressure transmitter (5), the maintenance valve (7) on the second water supply branch pipe (12) is located upstream of the backflow preventer (10), and the maintenance valve (7) on the fire water outlet connection pipe (13) is located upstream of the electric valve (6). During operation, all maintenance valves (7) are in the normally open state.

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