Inspection sampling device and method for medical examination

Abstract

The invention discloses an examination sampling device for medical examination. The examination sampling device comprises a sampling barrel, a push-pull device, a rotating disc, a sampling disc, a smear device and a sampler. One end of the sampling barrel is open, and the side wall of the sampling barrel is provided with an avoiding opening communicated with the accommodating space; a piston of the push-pull device is arranged in the sampling barrel, and a push-pull rod is connected with the piston and used for driving the piston to slide or rotate. The rotating disc is hinged to the side wall of the sampling barrel and located behind the piston, the rotating disc can rotate to open or close the receding opening, and an inserting hole is formed in the rotating disc. The sampling disc is located between the piston and the rotating disc and comprises a disc body with a sample containing groove and a sampling pipe inserted into the inserting hole, and an outlet of the sampling pipe is communicated with the sample containing groove. The smearing device comprises a smearing plate connected with the piston through an elastic piece, and the smearing plate abuts against the sampling disc under the elastic effect. The sampler is communicated with an inlet of the sampling pipe. According to the invention, the steps of sampling inspection can be reduced, so that the inspection efficiency is improved, and the accuracy of the inspection result is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing sampling devices, and more particularly to a testing sampling device and method for medical testing. Background Technology

[0002] Medical laboratory sampling devices are used to test and analyze human blood, body fluids, secretions, or tissue samples to obtain information for disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, or health status assessment. In existing medical laboratory sampling procedures, sample collection is typically completed first, followed by sample transfer for smear preparation. Specifically, operators must first obtain the sample using a separate sampling tool, then transfer it to a glass slide or test tray through additional steps, and manually spread the smear using other tools. During the smearing process, the uniformity and thickness of the manual smear are difficult to maintain, potentially leading to poor microscopic observation and thus affecting testing efficiency. Furthermore, this process is cumbersome and time-consuming, and the sample is susceptible to contamination or denaturation during multiple transfers, impacting testing efficiency and the accuracy of results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a sampling device for medical testing, which can reduce the steps of sampling and testing, thereby improving testing efficiency and ensuring the accuracy of test results.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A medical testing sampling device, comprising:

[0006] A sampling tube having a receiving space, one end of the sampling tube being open and connected to the receiving space; the outer side wall of the sampling tube having a clearance opening connected to the receiving space;

[0007] A push-pull device includes a piston and a push-pull rod. The piston is installed in the accommodating space and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder. One end of the push-pull rod is connected to the piston, and the other end of the push-pull rod extends from inside the accommodating space through the opening to outside the accommodating space. The push-pull rod is used to drive the piston to slide relative to the sampling cylinder within the accommodating space, or to rotate relative to the sampling cylinder about the axis of the sampling cylinder.

[0008] A rotating disk is mounted in the accommodating space and hinged to the side wall of the sampling cylinder, so that the rotating disk can rotate from inside the accommodating space to outside the accommodating space through the clearance opening and open the clearance opening, or the rotating disk can rotate from outside the accommodating space to inside the accommodating space through the clearance opening and close the clearance opening; the push-pull rod, the piston, and the rotating disk are distributed sequentially along the length direction of the sampling cylinder; the rotating disk is provided with a insertion hole, which penetrates through both sides of the rotating disk along the wall thickness direction and communicates with the accommodating space;

[0009] A sampling tray, comprising a tray body and a sampling tube, wherein the tray body is installed in the accommodating space, the tray body is located between the piston and the rotating disk, and is supported by the rotating disk; the tray body has a sample accommodating groove, the opening of the sample accommodating groove facing the piston; the sampling tube is connected to the sampling tray and inserted into the insertion hole, the outlet of the sampling tube communicating with the sample accommodating groove;

[0010] A smearing device includes a smearing plate and an elastic element. One end of the smearing plate is connected to the piston via the elastic element, and the other end of the smearing plate abuts against the sampling disk. The end of the elastic element away from the piston abuts against the smearing plate, so that the smearing plate has a tendency to move away from the piston and abut against the sampling disk.

[0011] A sampler connected to the inlet of the sampling tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the piston has a guide groove at the end away from the opening, and the elastic element is housed in the guide groove; the coating plate is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the sampling tray is provided with an anti-backflow protrusion ring, which is located in the sample receiving groove and extends circumferentially around the sampling tube outlet; the opposite ends of the coating plate respectively abut against the inner wall of the sample receiving groove and the anti-backflow protrusion ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampling tube includes a sealing cap, which covers the opening of the sampling tube; the sealing cap has an avoidance through hole, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the accommodating space and the outside, and the push-pull rod is movably inserted into the avoidance through hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the medical testing sampling device further includes a limiting device, which includes a limiting plate and an adjusting rod. The limiting plate is installed in the accommodating space and extends around the outer periphery of the push-pull rod. One end of the adjusting rod is connected to the limiting plate, and the other end of the adjusting rod passes through the sealing cover from the accommodating space and extends to the outside, and is threadedly connected to the sealing cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjusting rod is sleeved on the outer periphery of the push-pull rod; the clearance through hole is provided with an internal thread, the outer periphery of the adjusting rod is provided with a threaded section, and the clearance through hole is threadedly engaged with the adjusting rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the medical testing sampling device further includes a horizontal support frame located at the end of the sampling barrel away from the clearance hole. The horizontal support frame is connected to the outer wall of the sampling barrel and extends circumferentially around the sampling barrel.

[0018] A medical laboratory sampling method, comprising the medical laboratory sampling device according to any one of claims 1-7, includes the following steps:

[0019] Place the sampler at the sampling point and pull the push-pull rod to draw the sample into the sampling tray;

[0020] Rotate the push-pull rod to drive the coating plate connected to the piston to rotate, so that the coating plate evenly coats the sample in the sample receiving groove to the bottom of the sample receiving groove;

[0021] The rotating disk is rotated out of the clearance opening, and the sampling disk is removed for inspection.

[0022] Furthermore, the step of placing the sampler at the sampling point and pulling the push-pull rod to draw the sample into the sampling tray includes: rotating the adjusting rod to adjust the position of the limiting plate in the sampling cylinder to set the extraction volume; placing the sampler at the sampling point and pulling the push-pull rod to draw the sample into the sampling tray.

[0023] Furthermore, the step of rotating the push-pull rod to drive the coating plate connected to the piston to rotate, so that the coating plate evenly coats the sample in the sample receiving groove to the bottom of the sample receiving groove, includes: the sampling cylinder is placed on a horizontal surface through the horizontal support frame, and the push-pull rod is rotated to drive the coating plate connected to the piston to rotate, so that the coating plate evenly coats the sample in the sample receiving groove to the bottom of the sample receiving groove.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. Based on the rotating disk being installed in the accommodating space and hinged to the side wall of the sampling cylinder, the rotating disk can be rotated from inside the accommodating space to outside through the clearance opening, thus opening the clearance opening, or the rotating disk can be rotated from outside the accommodating space to inside through the clearance opening, thus closing the clearance opening. This design enables controllable opening and closing of the clearance opening of the sampling cylinder. When in the closed state, it cooperates with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder to maintain the airtightness of the accommodating space, effectively isolating external contamination and providing a stable working environment for internal negative pressure sampling and smear operations. When maintenance or replacement of the sampling disk is required, it can be rotated open, providing operators with a quick and simple sampling method and simplifying the loading and unloading process of internal components.

[0026] 2. The sampling tray comprises a tray body and a sampling tube. The tray body is installed in the accommodating space, located between the piston and the rotating disk, and supported by the rotating disk. The tray body has a sample accommodating groove, with the groove opening facing the piston. The sampling tube is connected to the sampling tray and inserted into the insertion hole, with its outlet connected to the sample accommodating groove. As the core component for temporary sample storage, the sampling tray body is stably supported on the rotating disk, ensuring structural stability during operation. The design of the sample accommodating groove opening facing the piston allows it to directly and effectively receive samples drawn in under negative pressure. The sampling tube, connected to the tray body and inserted into the insertion hole of the rotating disk, forms a sealed sampling channel from the outside to the sample accommodating groove. This not only enables direct sample introduction but also ensures the sealing of the sampling path, preventing sample leakage or contamination.

[0027] 3. The coating device includes a coating plate and an elastic element. One end of the coating plate is connected to the piston via the elastic element, and the other end of the coating plate abuts against the sampling tray. This connection method allows the coating plate to rotate synchronously with the piston to perform the coating action, while maintaining constant contact with the sampling tray under the buffer of the elastic element, avoiding damage or uneven coating caused by rigid contact. The other end of the coating plate abuts against the bottom of the sample receiving groove, acting directly on the sample receiving groove, thereby ensuring that when the piston drives the coating plate to rotate, the working surface of the coating plate can closely adhere to and scrape across the entire bottom of the sample receiving groove, completely and evenly coating the temporarily stored sample to the bottom of the groove.

[0028] 4. The end of the elastic element furthest from the piston abuts against the coating plate, causing the coating plate to tend to move away from the piston and towards the sampling disk. The elastic element provides a continuous and directionally controllable preload force to the coating plate. This preload force ensures that the coating plate always tends to press against the sampling disk (sample receiving groove) during operation, thus maintaining tight and stable contact under elastic pressure during coating, regardless of minor unevenness at the bottom of the groove or slight changes with rotation. This constant contact pressure is key to obtaining coatings with uniform thickness and consistent coating quality, improving the reliability and repeatability of coating quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a medical testing sampling device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional structure.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram is shown, in which the rotating disk rotates out of the accommodating space, and the sampling disk is separated from the rotating disk;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Sampling cylinder; 101. Receptive space; 102. Opening; 103. Clearance opening; 2. Push-pull device; 201. Piston; 211. Guide groove; 202. Push-pull rod; 3. Rotating disk; 301. Insertion hole; 4. Sampling disk; 401. Disk body; 411. Sample receiving groove; 402. Sampling tube; 5. Smearing device; 501. Smear plate; 502. Elastic element; 6. Sampler; 7. Anti-backflow protrusion ring; 8. Sealing cap; 801. Clearance through hole; 9. Limiting device; 901. Limiting disk; 902. Adjusting rod; 10. Horizontal support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] See Figures 1-5 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a medical testing sampling device, comprising a sampling cylinder 1, a push-pull device 2, a rotating disk 3, a sampling disk 4, a smear device 5, and a sampler 6.

[0039] The sampling tube 1 has a receiving space 101, one end of the sampling tube 1 is open 102 and connected to the receiving space 101; the outer side wall of the sampling tube 1 is provided with a relief opening 103, which is connected to the receiving space 101.

[0040] The push-pull device 2 includes a piston 201 and a push-pull rod 202. The piston 201 is installed in the accommodating space 101 and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder 1. One end of the push-pull rod 202 is connected to the piston 201, and the other end of the push-pull rod 202 extends from inside the accommodating space 101 through the opening 102 to outside the accommodating space 101. The push-pull rod 202 is used to drive the piston 201 to slide relative to the sampling cylinder 1 within the accommodating space 101, or to rotate relative to the sampling cylinder 1 around the axis of the sampling cylinder 1.

[0041] The rotating disk 3 is installed in the accommodating space 101 and hinged to the side wall of the sampling cylinder 1, so that the rotating disk 3 can rotate from inside the accommodating space 101 through the clearance opening 103 to outside the accommodating space 101 and open the clearance opening 103, or the rotating disk 3 can rotate from outside the accommodating space 101 through the clearance opening 103 to inside the accommodating space 101 and close the clearance opening 103; the push-pull rod 202, piston 201 and rotating disk 3 are distributed sequentially along the length direction of the sampling cylinder 1; the rotating disk 3 is provided with a insertion hole 301, which penetrates both sides of the rotating disk 3 along the wall thickness direction of the rotating disk 3, and the insertion hole 301 connects to the accommodating space 101;

[0042] The sampling disk 4 includes a disk body 401 and a sampling tube 402. The disk body 401 is installed in the accommodating space 101. The disk body 401 is located between the piston 201 and the rotating disk 3 and is supported by the rotating disk 3. The disk body 401 has a sample accommodating groove 411, and the opening of the sample accommodating groove 411 faces the piston 201. The sampling tube 402 is connected to the sampling disk 4 and inserted into the insertion hole 301. The outlet of the sampling tube 402 is connected to the sample accommodating groove 411.

[0043] The smearing device 5 includes a smearing plate 501 and an elastic element 502. One end of the smearing plate 501 is connected to the piston 201 through the elastic element 502, and the other end of the smearing plate 501 abuts against the sampling disk 4. The end of the elastic element 502 away from the piston 201 abuts against the smearing plate 501, so that the smearing plate 501 has a tendency to move away from the piston 201 and abut against the sampling disk 4.

[0044] Sampler 6 is connected to the inlet of sampling tube 402.

[0045] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During the sampling stage, the operator connects the sampler 6 (such as a syringe) to the inlet of the sampling tube 402, pulls the push-pull rod 202, and drives the piston 201 to slide away from the rotating disk 3 in the accommodating space 101 of the sampling cylinder 1. This creates a negative pressure in the sample accommodating groove 411 of the sampling disk 4 located between the piston 201 and the rotating disk 3. Under the action of the negative pressure, the external sample is sucked into the sample accommodating groove 411 through the sampling tube 402. Throughout the sampling process, the coating plate 501 of the smear device 5 is connected to the piston 201 through the elastic element 502, and under the action of the elastic force, its front end always abuts against the bottom of the sample accommodating groove 411. When a smear needs to be prepared, the operator does not need to open the device and can operate directly within the sealed accommodating space 101: rotating the push-pull rod 202 drives the piston 201 and the coating plate 501 connected to it via the elastic element 502 to rotate together around the axis of the sampling cylinder 1 within the accommodating space 101. At this time, the rotating disk 3 remains in a closed clearance opening 103 state, providing a stable internal space for the smear operation. During the rotation, due to the continuous pressure provided by the elastic element 502, the working surface of the coating plate 501 is always in close contact with the bottom surface of the sample accommodating groove 411 for circumferential scraping, thereby uniformly coating the sample temporarily stored in the groove onto the surface of the coating plate 501, completing the smear preparation. Finally, the rotating disk 3 is unscrewed from the clearance opening out of the accommodating space 101, and the sampling disk 4 is removed for testing. The entire workflow, including negative pressure sampling and rotational smearing, is completed sequentially within the accommodating space 101 of the sampling cylinder 1, forming an integrated and sealed operating unit. This effectively avoids contamination and denaturation of the sample during the transfer process, simplifies the steps, and thus improves testing efficiency and ensures sample accuracy.

[0046] Obviously, the rotating disk 3 is installed in the accommodating space 101 and hinged to the side wall of the sampling cylinder 1, so that the rotating disk 3 can rotate from inside the accommodating space 101 to outside the accommodating space 101 through the clearance opening 103 and open the clearance opening 103, or the rotating disk 3 can rotate from outside the accommodating space 101 to inside the accommodating space 101 through the clearance opening 103 and close the clearance opening 103. In this scheme, the rotating disk 3 realizes the controllable opening and closing of the clearance opening 103 of the sampling cylinder 1. When it is in the closed state, it cooperates with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1 to maintain the airtightness of the accommodating space 101, effectively isolate external contamination, and provide a stable working environment for internal negative pressure sampling and smear operation. When it is necessary to maintain or replace the sampling disk 4, it can be rotated open, providing operators with a quick and simple sampling method and simplifying the loading and unloading process of internal components.

[0047] The sampling disk 4 includes a disk body 401 and a sampling tube 402. The disk body 401 is installed in the accommodating space 101, located between the piston 201 and the rotating disk 3, and supported by the rotating disk 3. The disk body 401 has a sample accommodating groove 411, with the groove opening facing the piston 201. The sampling tube 402 is connected to the sampling disk 4 and inserted into the insertion hole 301. The outlet of the sampling tube 402 is connected to the sample accommodating groove 411. As the core component for sample temporary storage, the sampling disk 4, with its disk body 401 stably supported on the rotating disk 3, ensures structural stability during operation. The design of the sample accommodating groove 411 facing the piston 201 allows it to directly and effectively receive samples drawn in under negative pressure. The sampling tube 402 is connected to the disk body 401 and inserted into the insertion hole 301 of the rotating disk 3, forming a closed sampling channel from the outside to the sample receiving groove 411. This not only realizes the direct introduction of the sample, but also ensures the sealing of the sampling path, preventing sample leakage or contamination.

[0048] The coating device 5 includes a coating plate 501 and an elastic element 502. One end of the coating plate 501 is connected to the piston 201 via the elastic element 502, and the other end of the coating plate 501 abuts against the sampling disk 4. This connection method allows the coating plate 501 to rotate synchronously with the piston 201 to perform the coating action, while maintaining constant contact with the sampling disk 4 under the buffer of the elastic element 502, avoiding damage or uneven coating caused by rigid contact. The other end of the coating plate 501 abuts against the bottom of the sample receiving groove 411, directly acting on the sample receiving groove 411. This ensures that when the piston 201 drives the coating plate 501 to rotate, the working surface of the coating plate 501 can closely adhere to and scrape across the entire bottom of the sample receiving groove 411, completely and evenly coating the temporarily stored sample to the bottom of the groove.

[0049] The end of the elastic element 502, away from the piston 201, abuts against the coating plate 501, causing the coating plate 501 to tend to move away from the piston 201 and abut against the sampling disk 4. The elastic element 502 provides a continuous and directionally controllable preload to the coating plate 501. This preload ensures that the coating plate 501 always tends to press against the sampling disk 4 (sample receiving groove 411) during operation, so that during the coating process, regardless of minor unevenness at the bottom of the groove or slight changes with rotation, the coating plate 501 can maintain a tight and stable contact under elastic pressure. This constant contact pressure is key to obtaining coatings with uniform thickness and consistent coating quality, improving the reliability and repeatability of coating quality.

[0050] It is worth noting that a sealing structure should be provided between the rotating disk 3 and the clearance opening 103 to ensure that the rotating disk 3 can effectively maintain the airtightness of the accommodating space 101 when the clearance opening 103 is closed, preventing external contamination of the sample or leakage of internal liquid, and ensuring negative pressure suction between the rotating disk 3 and the piston 201 when the sample is drawn using the piston 201. For example, this sealing structure can adopt an annular elastic sealing ring (such as an O-ring) set on the edge of the rotating disk 3. When the rotating disk 3 rotates to the closed position, the sealing ring is compressed between the rotating disk 3 and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1, forming a tight radial or end face seal; or, an elastic sealing gasket can be set on the edge of the clearance opening 103, which is pressed tightly against it when the rotating disk 3 is closed. In addition, it can also be designed with a matching conical or stepped surface structure on the contact surface between the rotating disk 3 and the cylinder wall to achieve physical sealing through precise fit. This type of sealing structure not only ensures the cleanliness and stability of the internal environment during sampling and smearing, but also improves the reliability and service life of the device.

[0051] In addition, a locking structure should be provided between the sampling disk 4 and the rotating disk 3 to prevent the sampling disk 4, which is inserted into the rotating disk 3, from tilting or detaching from the rotating disk 3 during negative pressure suction, thereby ensuring the stability and sealing reliability of the sampling process. This locking structure can be implemented in various mechanical forms. For example, an elastic buckle or protrusion can be provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole 301 of the rotating disk 3. When the corresponding part of the sampling tube 402 is inserted into the correct position, the buckle springs into the annular groove of the tube body to achieve circumferential fixation and axial limitation. Alternatively, a rotating locking groove can be designed on the supporting surface of the rotating disk 3 facing the sampling disk 4, which cooperates with the corresponding tenon at the bottom of the sampling disk 4. Locking and unlocking can be achieved by rotating the sampling disk 4 at a small angle. Furthermore, a magnetic attraction method can also be used, embedding magnetically attracted elements (such as magnets and iron sheets) on the contact surfaces of the rotating disk 3 and the sampling disk 4 respectively, achieving rapid adsorption and fixation through magnetic force. This type of locking structure can effectively transmit and withstand the axial force generated by negative pressure, ensuring the relative position stability between the sampling tube 402 and the insertion hole 301, and between the sampling disk 4 and the rotating disk 3, thus maintaining the airtightness and unobstructedness of the sample introduction channel.

[0052] The elastic element 502 and sampler 6 mentioned in this solution are common commercially available structures. For example, the elastic element 502 can be a standard elastic element such as a helical spring, wave spring, or elastic rubber column, which provides stable axial pressure and is easy to procure and replace. The sampler 6 can be a disposable sterile syringe, a vacuum blood collection tube connector, or a dedicated sampling tip, among other mature medical devices. The interface between these components and the sampling tube 402 can use common methods such as Luer connectors, threaded connections, or plug-in sealed interfaces, ensuring the compatibility, ease of use, and cost control of the device. Using commercially available common components not only lowers the manufacturing and maintenance threshold of this device but also allows users to quickly select the appropriate sampling tool according to different types of test samples, improving the overall practicality and ease of promotion of the solution. The connection between the sampler 6 and the sampling tube 402 should be easily detachable to allow for the removal of the sampling tray 4 after smear preparation. This portable detachable structure can be a push-button quick-connect coupling, where the sampler 6 and sampling tube 402 can be unlocked and separated by pressing the collar on the coupling; alternatively, a combination of threaded connection and rotating snap-fit ​​can be used, requiring less than one turn to lock or release; furthermore, a bayonet connection with limiting lugs, similar to the bayonet fixing method of microscope eyepieces, can be designed for quick alignment and disassembly. This type of structural design ensures that after the sampling step is completed, the operator can quickly and safely disconnect the sampler 6 with one hand, improving the continuity and efficiency of the overall workflow.

[0053] More preferably, the piston 201 has a guide groove 211 at the end away from the opening 102, and the elastic element 502 is housed in the guide groove 211; the coating plate 501 is slidably connected to the guide groove 211. The guide groove 211 provides a stable axial accommodation and limiting space for the elastic element 502, preventing it from deflecting or twisting during compression or rebound, and ensuring the accuracy of the direction of elastic force transmission. The sliding connection between the coating plate 501 and the guide groove 211 further restricts the coating plate 501 to only make micro-movements along the axial direction of the piston 201, avoiding radial wobbling or circumferential slippage that may occur during the rotation of the coating plate, thereby ensuring that the contact posture between the working surface of the coating plate 501 and the bottom surface of the sample receiving groove 411 remains constant. This design not only improves the stability and repeatability of the coating action, making the coating thickness more uniform and controllable, but also enhances the structural rigidity of the entire coating device 5 and extends its service life.

[0054] More preferably, the sampling tray 4 is equipped with an anti-backflow protrusion ring 7, which is located inside the sample receiving groove 411 and extends circumferentially around the outlet of the sampling tube 402. The opposite ends of the coating plate 501 respectively abut against the inner wall of the sample receiving groove 411 and the anti-backflow protrusion ring 7. The anti-backflow protrusion ring 7 surrounding the outlet can effectively prevent the sample that has been sucked into the receiving groove from accidentally flowing back into the sampling tube 402 during operation, ensuring that all samples remain within the area that the coating plate 501 can operate in, improving sample utilization and preventing the risk of cross-contamination. Secondly, the two ends of the coating plate 501 abut against the groove wall and the protrusion ring respectively, forming a stable guide structure that restricts the radial displacement of the coating plate 501, so that the coating plate 501 can only run smoothly within a limited annular track when rotating, further ensuring the accuracy of the coating path and the uniformity of the coating width. This design optimizes the fluid control of the sample and the movement trajectory of the coating plate 501, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the coating quality.

[0055] More preferably, the sampling cylinder 1 includes a sealing cap 8, which covers the opening 102 of the sampling cylinder 1. The sealing cap 8 has a clearance through hole 801, the two ends of which are connected to the accommodating space 101 and the outside, respectively. The push-pull rod 202 is movably inserted into the clearance through hole 801. The sealing cap 8 seals the opening 102 of the sampling cylinder 1 and restricts the movement area of ​​the push-pull rod 202 within the clearance through hole 801, thus forming an almost completely enclosed accommodating space 101 together with the rotating disk 3, improving the overall sealing and anti-contamination capability of the device. The push-pull rod 202 slides and rotates within the clearance through hole 801. This through hole provides axial guidance to ensure the linearity of the piston 201's movement and limits its excessive radial oscillation, ensuring the stability of the smear rotation.

[0056] More preferably, a medical testing sampling device further includes a limiting device 9, which includes a limiting disc 901 and an adjusting rod 902. The limiting disc 901 is installed within the accommodating space 101 and extends around the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 202. One end of the adjusting rod 902 is connected to the limiting disc 901, and the other end of the adjusting rod 902 passes through the sealing cap 8 from within the accommodating space 101 and extends to the outside, and is threadedly connected to the sealing cap 8. Before or during the smear operation, the operator can rotate the adjusting rod 902 externally. Since the adjusting rod 902 is threadedly connected to the sealing cap 8, the rotation will drive the adjusting rod 902 to produce axial displacement, thereby causing the limiting disc 901 connected to it to move axially along the sampling cylinder 1. By adjusting the axial position of the limiting plate 901 within the accommodating space 101, its mechanical limiting point for the backward (i.e., towards the opening 102) sliding stroke of the push-pull rod 202 or piston 201 can be set, thereby actively controlling the maximum pull-back distance of the piston 201. The limiting device 9 in this solution provides an externally adjustable physical stroke limiting mechanism. By setting different limiting points, operators can actively control the negative pressure intensity generated by the piston 201 during sample aspiration and the amount of sample drawn into the accommodating groove, achieving standardization and controllability of sample volume and avoiding over- or under-sample. During the smearing stage, the limiting points ensure consistent starting scraping positions of the smear plate 501 each time, and combined with the rotation of the piston 201, make the smear thickness and area more repeatable, improving the consistency and comparability of test results between different batches, while reducing errors caused by differences in operator force, which is beneficial for standardizing the testing process.

[0057] More preferably, the adjusting rod 902 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 202; the clearance through hole 801 is provided with internal threads, and the outer periphery of the adjusting rod 902 is provided with a threaded section, with the clearance through hole 801 and the adjusting rod 902 threadedly engaged. When the operator rotates the adjusting rod 902 externally, because the adjusting rod 902 engages with the clearance through hole 801 with internal threads on the sealing cover 8 through its outer threaded section, the rotational motion is directly converted into the axial feed motion of the adjusting rod 902 relative to the sealing cover 8. Since the adjusting rod 902 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 202, its axial movement will drive the limiting plate 901 installed at its end to move synchronously, thereby accurately setting the axial position of the limiting plate 901 within the accommodating space 101. The structure of this solution realizes the direct threaded drive between the adjusting rod 902 and the sealing cover 8, and integrates the adjustment function into the original clearance through hole 801, resulting in a compact structure that requires no additional openings, ensuring the integrity of the device. The arrangement of the adjusting rod 902, which is fitted around the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 202, ensures that the sliding and rotational movements of the push-pull rod 202 and the adjusting movements of the adjusting rod 902 are independent and do not interfere with each other. This arrangement not only ensures the normal operation of the piston 201 and the coating function but also enables linear adjustment of the stroke limit. This coaxial nesting design optimizes space utilization, concentrating all operations (push-pull / rotation and adjustment) at the same end of the device, thus improving the ease of use.

[0058] More preferably, a medical testing sampling device further includes a horizontal support frame 10, located at the end of the sampling cylinder away from the clearance hole. The horizontal support frame 10 is connected to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 1 and extends circumferentially around the sampling cylinder 1. The horizontal support frame 10 provides a stable and reliable independent support plane for the entire sampling device. When the operator performs sampling or smear operations, the device can be stably placed on the laboratory table or other horizontal surface via this support frame, allowing for actions such as pushing and pulling the lever 202 and rotating the adjustment lever 902 without manual intervention, thus achieving fixed operation of the device. This ensures the stability of the device during critical operating steps (especially when rotating the smear), effectively avoiding problems such as uneven smears and sample splashing caused by hand shaking or unstable placement, thereby further improving the convenience, stability, repeatability, and reliability of operation and smear quality. The support frame has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture or assemble integrally with the sampling cylinder 1, making it an important auxiliary design for improving the overall practicality of the device.

[0059] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test sampling device for medical testing, characterized by, include: The sampling tube (1) has a accommodating space (101), one end of the sampling tube (1) is open (102) and connected to the accommodating space (101); the outer side wall of the sampling tube (1) is provided with a relief opening (103) and the relief opening (103) is connected to the accommodating space (101). A push-pull device (2) includes a piston (201) and a push-pull rod (202). The piston (201) is installed in the accommodating space (101) and is movably connected to the sampling cylinder (1). One end of the push-pull rod (202) is connected to the piston (201), and the other end of the push-pull rod (202) extends from inside the accommodating space (101) through the opening (102) to outside the accommodating space (101). The push-pull rod (202) is used to drive the piston (201) to slide relative to the sampling cylinder (1) in the accommodating space (101), or to rotate relative to the sampling cylinder (1) about the axis of the sampling cylinder (1). A rotating disk (3) is installed in the accommodating space (101) and hinged to the side wall of the sampling cylinder (1) so that the rotating disk (3) can rotate from inside the accommodating space (101) through the clearance opening (103) to outside the accommodating space (101) and open the clearance opening (103), or the rotating disk (3) can rotate from outside the accommodating space (101) through the clearance opening (103) to inside the accommodating space (101) and close the clearance opening (103); the push-pull rod (202), the piston (201) and the rotating disk (3) are distributed sequentially along the length direction of the sampling cylinder (1); the rotating disk (3) is provided with a plug hole (301), the plug hole (301) penetrates both sides of the rotating disk (3) along the wall thickness direction of the rotating disk (3), and the plug hole (301) communicates with the accommodating space (101). The sampling tray (4) includes a tray body (401) and a sampling tube (402). The tray body (401) is installed in the accommodating space (101). The tray body (401) is located between the piston (201) and the rotating disk (3) and is supported by the rotating disk (3). The tray body (401) has a sample accommodating groove (411), and the opening of the sample accommodating groove (411) faces the piston (201). The sampling tube (402) is connected to the sampling tray (4) and inserted into the insertion hole (301). The outlet of the sampling tube (402) is connected to the sample accommodating groove (411). A smearing device (5) includes a smearing plate (501) and an elastic element (502). One end of the smearing plate (501) is connected to the piston (201) via the elastic element (502), and the other end of the smearing plate (501) abuts against the sampling disk (4). The end of the elastic element (502) away from the piston (201) abuts against the smearing plate (501) so that the smearing plate (501) has a tendency to move away from the piston (201) and abut against the sampling disk (4). The sampler (6) is connected to the inlet of the sampling tube (402).

2. The medical examination test sampling device according to claim 1, wherein The piston (201) has a guide groove (211) at one end away from the opening (102), and the elastic element (502) is housed in the guide groove (211); the coating plate (501) is slidably connected to the guide groove (211).

3. The medical examination test sampling device according to claim 1, wherein The sampling tray (4) is provided with an anti-backflow protrusion ring (7), which is located in the sample receiving groove (411) and extends circumferentially around the outlet of the sampling tube (402); the opposite ends of the coating plate (501) respectively abut against the inner wall of the sample receiving groove (411) and the anti-backflow protrusion ring (7).

4. The medical examination test sampling device according to claim 1, wherein The sampling tube (1) includes a sealing cap (8), which covers the opening (102) of the sampling tube (1); the sealing cap (8) is provided with an avoidance through hole (801), the two ends of the avoidance through hole (801) are respectively connected to the accommodating space (101) and the outside, and the push-pull rod (202) is movably inserted into the avoidance through hole (801).

5. The medical examination test sampling device according to claim 4, wherein The medical testing sampling device further includes a limiting device (9), which includes a limiting plate (901) and an adjusting rod (902). The limiting plate (901) is installed in the accommodating space (101) and extends around the outer periphery of the push-pull rod (202). One end of the adjusting rod (902) is connected to the limiting plate (901), and the other end of the adjusting rod (902) passes through the sealing cover (8) from the accommodating space (101) and extends to the outside, and is threadedly connected to the sealing cover (8).

6. The medical testing sample taking device according to claim 5, wherein The adjusting rod (902) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the push-pull rod (202); the clearance through hole (801) is provided with an internal thread, and the outer periphery of the adjusting rod (902) is provided with a threaded section, and the clearance through hole (801) and the adjusting rod (902) are threadedly engaged.

7. The medical testing sample collection device of claim 1, wherein, The medical testing sampling device further includes a horizontal support frame (10), which is located at one end of the sampling tube (1) away from the opening (102). The horizontal support frame (10) is connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube (1) and extends circumferentially around the sampling tube (1).

8. A medical examination sampling method comprising the medical examination sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Place the sampler (6) at the sampling point and pull the push-pull rod (202) to draw the sample into the sampling tray (4). Rotate the push-pull rod (202) to drive the coating plate (501) connected to the piston (201) to rotate, so that the coating plate (501) can evenly coat the sample in the sample receiving groove (411) to the bottom of the sample receiving groove (411). Rotate the rotating disk (3) out of the clearance opening (103) and remove the sampling disk (4) for inspection.

9. A medical testing sampling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of placing the sampler (6) at the sampling point and pulling the push-pull rod (202) to draw the sample into the sampling tray (4) includes: rotating the adjusting rod (902) to adjust the position of the limiting plate (901) in the sampling cylinder (1) to set the extraction amount; placing the sampler (6) at the sampling point and pulling the push-pull rod (202) to draw the sample into the sampling tray (4).

10. A medical testing sampling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of rotating the push-pull rod (202) to drive the coating plate (501) connected to the piston (201) to rotate, so that the coating plate (501) evenly coats the sample in the sample receiving groove (411) to the bottom of the sample receiving groove (411), includes: the sampling cylinder (1) is placed on a horizontal surface through the horizontal support frame (10), and the push-pull rod (202) is rotated to drive the coating plate (501) connected to the piston (201) to rotate, so that the coating plate (501) evenly coats the sample in the sample receiving groove (411) to the bottom of the sample receiving groove (411).

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