Cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage regulation system and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage heat dissipation temperature control, and discloses a cold energy storage and battery heat dissipation linkage regulation and control system and method, which comprises the following steps: charging an energy storage plug-in box during a valley electricity period, and cooling refrigerant, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced to a preset low-temperature threshold interval; when a peak electricity period starts, the energy storage plug-in box starts discharging, and the energy storage plug-in box is cooled by the refrigerant; the discharging capacity of the energy storage plug-in box and the temperature of the refrigerant are continuously monitored, and a state detection window is set; the cold energy state index of the refrigerant is calculated based on the discharging capacity and the temperature of the refrigerant in the state detection window; the discharging mode of the energy storage plug-in box is set based on the cold energy state index, and the discharging mode comprises a continuous discharging mode and a limited discharging mode; and the discharging mode of the energy storage plug-in box is based on the discharging mode. Through linkage regulation and control of discharging and heat dissipation, safe, stable and efficient operation of the energy storage system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of energy storage heat dissipation and temperature control, specifically to a system and method for linkage control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, energy storage systems typically consist of multiple energy storage boxes or units connected in parallel, continuously generating significant heat during discharge. Current energy storage systems generally employ independent cooling systems, commonly including air cooling, liquid cooling, or a combination of liquid cooling and refrigeration equipment. However, existing cooling strategies often rely primarily on the instantaneous temperature of the battery or cooling medium for control, resulting in relatively static control logic, typically employing fixed thresholds or simple proportional adjustments. When the energy storage system continuously discharges at high power during peak periods, the cooling system operates under high load for extended periods, significantly increasing cooling energy consumption. This not only weakens the advantages of energy storage systems in peak shaving and valley filling but also exacerbates the conflict between auxiliary energy consumption and primary functional energy consumption.

[0003] In addition, the discharge control strategy and heat dissipation control strategy of existing energy storage systems are usually independent of each other. Under the conditions of strong thermal shock and rapid changes in discharge rhythm, heat dissipation resources are easily consumed in a short period of time, which can lead to problems such as local overheating and operation limitation, affecting the overall availability of the energy storage system.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN119298183B discloses a dynamic heat dissipation control method and system for a green and clean energy intelligent energy storage cabinet. The method includes: dividing time periods and setting nodes at equal intervals to collect actual data in real time; using an information-driven joint prediction network to consider the randomness and intermittency of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, and performing node wind power prediction and node photovoltaic prediction; using a time-frequency conversion trend enhancement network to enhance the time-series trend of load power to perform node load prediction; using a multimodal integrated learning network to consider the correlation between transformer power and energy storage cabinet temperature, and performing accurate node temperature prediction; deciding whether to use a PID algorithm to confirm the predicted cooling power to achieve cooling regulation through node state decision; and selecting the corresponding state's constraint supply and demand balance equation to predict transformer power, thereby improving the utilization rate of renewable energy. Cooling regulation by predicting cooling power also effectively reduces energy consumption and ensures the stability, safety, and environmental friendliness of the energy storage cabinet.

[0005] For example, patent application CN121356084A discloses a DC charging method and system for wind-solar hybrid energy storage based on liquid cooling. The method includes: real-time acquisition of wind-solar hybrid energy storage data and data preprocessing; conversion of wind and solar power into DC power, determining the energy flow direction of the wind and solar power generation, and transmitting the corresponding energy; determining the limit of the charging pile's output power, controlling and adjusting the charging pile output in stages; quantifying the liquid cooling flow required for heat dissipation, and providing heat source cooling for the energy storage system and charging pile; and performing coordinated regulation, strategy optimization, and multi-dimensional visualization of the energy flow direction of wind and solar power generation, charging pile output, and heat source cooling. This solution addresses the problems of difficult deployment of existing charging stations in remote and power transmission-difficult areas, prominent bottlenecks in heat dissipation and energy efficiency for high-power charging, and low efficiency of traditional wind cooling and AC conversion, which make it difficult to achieve efficient, safe, and green energy replenishment.

[0006] All of the above technical solutions suffer from the problem mentioned in the background of this application: under conditions of strong thermal shock and rapid changes in discharge rhythm, heat dissipation resources are easily consumed in a short period of time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a system and method for the linkage control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation, so as to achieve safe, stable and efficient operation of the energy storage system by linking and controlling discharge and heat dissipation.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0009] On the one hand, this application provides a method for the coordinated regulation of cold storage and battery heat dissipation, including the following steps:

[0010] During off-peak hours, the energy storage box is charged and the refrigerant is cooled down to a preset low temperature threshold range.

[0011] At the start of the peak power period, the energy storage box is controlled to start discharging, and the energy storage box is cooled by refrigerant;

[0012] Continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage unit, and set a status detection window;

[0013] The cooling capacity status index of the refrigerant is calculated based on the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature within the status detection window.

[0014] The discharge mode of the energy storage box is set based on the aforementioned cold energy status index, and the discharge mode includes a continuous discharge mode and a limited discharge mode.

[0015] Based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box, the corresponding linkage control strategy is executed to achieve linkage control of cooling capacity and discharge.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the method for setting the state detection window is as follows:

[0017] The moment when the energy storage module starts discharging and the refrigerant starts cooling the energy storage module is marked as the start time of the status detection window.

[0018] Simultaneously monitor and record the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature at each moment, and construct and continuously update the time series of discharge amount and refrigerant temperature;

[0019] Set the lower limit of discharge quantity, the upper limit of discharge quantity, and the step size of discharge quantity; mark the moment when the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the lower limit of discharge quantity as the first observation moment;

[0020] Starting from the first observation time, the observation time is marked in the time series of discharge based on the discharge quantity step size, and the difference in discharge quantity corresponding to any two adjacent observation times is a discharge quantity step size.

[0021] A time series segment of the discharge amount covered between any two adjacent observation times is marked as an observation period.

[0022] Calculate the temperature rise coefficient for each observation period; and check whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods. If the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods before the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the upper limit of the discharge quantity, then mark the latest time contained in the n observation periods as the termination time of the state detection window; n is a positive integer.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the method for calculating the temperature rise coefficient for any observation period is as follows:

[0024] Based on the time series of the refrigerant temperature, the difference between the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period and the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period is calculated as the temperature rise of the corresponding observation period; the ratio of the temperature rise of the observation period to the discharge step size is calculated as the temperature rise coefficient of the corresponding observation period.

[0025] The method for detecting whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is as follows:

[0026] The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is calculated and denoted as the stability index. If the stability index is less than a preset stability threshold, then the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is stable.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the cold energy storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the cold energy status index includes heat dissipation response characteristic quantities; the calculation method of the heat dissipation response characteristic quantities is as follows:

[0028] The discharge amount corresponding to the start time of the state detection window is marked as the first discharge amount; the discharge amount corresponding to the end time of the state detection window is marked as the second discharge amount; the difference between the second discharge amount and the first discharge amount is calculated and recorded as the heat dissipation input of the state detection window.

[0029] The refrigerant temperature corresponding to the start time of the state detection window is marked as the first refrigerant temperature; the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the end time of the state detection window is marked as the second refrigerant temperature; the difference between the second refrigerant temperature and the first refrigerant temperature is calculated and recorded as the heat dissipation response of the state detection window.

[0030] The ratio of the heat dissipation response quantity to the heat dissipation input quantity is calculated and used as a characteristic quantity of the heat dissipation response.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the cold energy storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the cold energy status index further includes a heat dissipation response change; the calculation method for the heat dissipation response change is as follows:

[0032] Calculate the average of the first discharge quantity and the second discharge quantity, and record it as the midpoint discharge quantity; mark the time corresponding to the midpoint discharge quantity in the status detection window as the midpoint observation time; mark the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the midpoint observation time as the midpoint refrigerant temperature;

[0033] The difference between the midpoint discharge quantity and the first discharge quantity is calculated and recorded as the first input quantity of the state detection window; the difference between the midpoint refrigerant temperature and the first refrigerant temperature is calculated and recorded as the first response quantity of the state detection window; the ratio of the first response quantity to the first input quantity is calculated and used as the first response feature quantity.

[0034] Calculate the difference between the second discharge quantity and the midpoint discharge quantity, and record it as the second input quantity of the state detection window; calculate the difference between the second refrigerant temperature and the midpoint refrigerant temperature, and record it as the second response quantity of the state detection window; calculate the ratio of the second response quantity to the second input quantity, and use it as the second response feature quantity.

[0035] The difference between the second response characteristic and the first response characteristic is calculated as the change in heat dissipation response.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the setting of the discharge mode of the energy storage box specifically includes: if the heat dissipation response characteristic quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation response threshold, and the heat dissipation response change quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation change threshold, then the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to a continuous discharge mode; otherwise, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to a limited discharge mode.

[0037] The continuous discharge mode is configured such that the rate of change of the discharge power of any energy storage box is less than or equal to a preset first rate threshold, and the number of concurrent boxes is less than or equal to a preset first concurrency threshold.

[0038] The restricted discharge mode is configured as follows: the continuous discharge duration of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset discharge duration threshold; the rate of change of the discharge power of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset second rate threshold, and the number of concurrent modules is less than or equal to a preset second concurrency threshold; wherein, the second rate threshold is less than the first rate threshold, and the second concurrency threshold is less than the first concurrency threshold.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, if the discharge mode of the energy storage box is a continuous discharge mode, the corresponding linkage control strategy specifically includes:

[0040] Set the upper limit and temperature margin of the refrigerant temperature; calculate the difference between the upper limit and the temperature margin as the temperature trigger value; when the refrigerant temperature is detected to be greater than the temperature trigger value for the first time, a judgment is triggered to determine whether the refrigerant temperature has a stabilizing trend. If not, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is switched to the limited discharge mode.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, the method for determining whether the refrigerant temperature has a stabilizing trend is as follows:

[0042] The instantaneous rate of increase of refrigerant temperature at each moment was calculated based on the time series of refrigerant temperature.

[0043] Set a trend monitoring window, a stability threshold, and a stability determination duration; if the instantaneous rate of refrigerant temperature increase is greater than 0 at each moment within the trend detection window, and no stabilization feature is detected within the trend detection window, then the refrigerant temperature does not exhibit a stabilization trend; otherwise, the refrigerant temperature exhibits a stabilization trend; the stabilization feature specifically includes: there are at least m consecutive moments where the instantaneous rate of refrigerant temperature increase is less than the stability threshold; the duration corresponding to the m consecutive moments is equal to the stability determination duration.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method described in this application, if the discharge mode of the energy storage box is a limited discharge mode, the corresponding linkage control strategy specifically includes:

[0045] Continuously monitor the temperature of the energy storage box at each moment; calculate the difference between the temperature of the energy storage box and the refrigerant temperature at each moment as the temperature difference intensity at the corresponding moment;

[0046] If the temperature difference intensity is less than or equal to a preset first temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the first heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than or equal to a preset second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the second heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than the first temperature difference threshold and less than the second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the basic heat exchange intensity.

[0047] Secondly, this application provides a cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control system, including a linkage control module, a data acquisition module, a state detection module, a discharge strategy module, and a linkage strategy module; wherein:

[0048] The linkage control module is used to identify the power consumption period and control the charging and discharging timing and discharge mode of the energy storage box, as well as control the cooling of the refrigerant and the heat exchange intensity.

[0049] The data acquisition module is used to continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage box;

[0050] The status detection module is used to set the status detection window and calculate the cooling capacity status index of the refrigerant based on the discharge quantity and refrigerant temperature within the status detection window.

[0051] The discharge strategy module sets the discharge mode of the energy storage box based on the aforementioned cold energy status index.

[0052] The linkage strategy module generates corresponding linkage control strategies based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0054] This application introduces a correlation between discharge quantity and refrigerant temperature change, which can reflect the effectiveness of cooling capacity under real operating conditions. By quantitatively distinguishing the cooling capacity state, it enables adaptive selection of discharge mode, allowing the energy storage system to fully release its discharge capacity when the cooling capacity is sufficient and actively suppress heat input intensity when the cooling capacity is limited. This achieves dynamic matching between discharge behavior and heat dissipation capacity, reduces the thermal risk caused by over-discharge, and improves the overall availability of the energy storage system during peak power periods.

[0055] By coordinating and regulating the discharge rhythm, concurrency level, and heat transfer intensity, heat input is rationally distributed in both time and space, preventing the concentrated consumption of cooling capacity in a short period. In practical engineering scenarios where multiple energy storage units operate in parallel, it can achieve a low-noise and high-stability cooling process while ensuring heat dissipation stability, making it particularly suitable for environmentally sensitive applications such as parks and buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, wherein:

[0057] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for linkage control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control system provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of this application, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment describes a method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation, referring to... Figure 1 The method includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Charge the energy storage box during off-peak hours and cool the refrigerant to a preset low temperature threshold range; at the beginning of peak hours, control the energy storage box to start discharging and cool it down using the refrigerant.

[0063] As is well known, off-peak hours are periods when the power system load is low and the electricity price is low; peak hours are periods when the power system load is high and the electricity price is high. This solution completes the storage of cold energy during off-peak hours, prioritizes the use of the stored cold energy for battery cooling during peak hours, and adjusts the discharge mode and the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant according to the state of the cold energy, thereby reducing the cooling energy consumption during peak hours and improving the overall operating economy.

[0064] In one embodiment, the refrigerant is cooled by a refrigeration system; optionally, the low temperature threshold range is set by those skilled in the art based on actual needs, for example, 20-25°C.

[0065] In one embodiment, the method of cooling the energy storage box by refrigerant is as follows: each energy storage box has an independent heat exchanger; the heat generated by the discharge of the box is transferred to the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank through the heat exchanger; the refrigerant circulates and carries the heat out of the box quickly, achieving silent heat dissipation and controlling the box temperature below a specified temperature threshold, such as not exceeding 33°C.

[0066] Applying this solution allows the energy storage box to operate silently, reducing noise pollution and making it suitable for noise-sensitive applications such as parks and buildings. It also has low cooling consumption and higher overall energy conversion efficiency compared to traditional liquid cooling or air cooling systems. Furthermore, the temperature control of the energy storage box is more stable, which helps to extend the lifespan of energy storage components.

[0067] Step 2: Continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage box, and set the status detection window.

[0068] In this embodiment, the discharge amount is the total power output of all energy storage boxes; the refrigerant temperature is the average reading of multiple temperature sensors located at different positions in the refrigerant box.

[0069] The method for setting the status detection window is as follows:

[0070] The moment when the energy storage module starts discharging and the refrigerant starts cooling the energy storage module is marked as the start time of the status detection window.

[0071] Simultaneously monitor and record the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature at each moment, and construct and continuously update the time series of discharge amount and refrigerant temperature;

[0072] Set the lower limit of discharge quantity, the upper limit of discharge quantity, and the step size of discharge quantity; mark the moment when the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the lower limit of discharge quantity as the first observation moment;

[0073] Starting from the first observation time, the observation time is marked in the time series of discharge based on the discharge quantity step size; wherein, the marking is based on the fact that the difference in discharge quantity corresponding to any two adjacent observation times is one discharge quantity step size.

[0074] A time series segment of the discharge amount covered between any two adjacent observation times is marked as an observation period.

[0075] Calculate the temperature rise coefficient for each observation period; check whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods; if the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods before the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the upper limit of the discharge quantity, then mark the latest time contained in the n observation periods as the termination time of the state detection window; n is a positive integer; for example, n is 5.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can set specific values ​​for the lower limit, upper limit, and step size of the discharge quantity based on actual needs. For example, the lower limit of the discharge quantity can be set to 5 kWh. The lower limit of the discharge quantity corresponds to a minimum heat input scale that can distinguish the cooling state, that is, the refrigerant has participated in at least a non-transient heat dissipation process with continuous heat input characteristics, so as to avoid premature termination of the observation due to the accidental stabilization of the temperature rise coefficient before a representative heat input has been formed. The step size of the discharge quantity is set to 0.5 kWh to ensure that the heat generation corresponding to each observation cycle is sufficient to cause a measurable change in the refrigerant temperature; for any given moment, the difference between its corresponding power generation and the power generation at its most recent observation moment is calculated. If the difference in power generation reaches 0.5 kWh, then this moment is marked as a new observation moment, and together with the previous observation moment, a new observation cycle is formed. The upper limit of the discharge quantity can be set to 15 kWh, so that the refrigerant has experienced a heat input sufficient to cover the typical thermal shock at the beginning of the peak power, while preventing the observation process from being extended indefinitely. Optionally, if the temperature rise coefficient is not stabilized over n consecutive observation periods even when the discharge quantity is detected to be greater than the upper limit for the first time, then no state detection window is set, and the discharge mode of the energy storage box is directly set to the limited discharge mode. In this case, the cooling state remains unstable, and the heat dissipation potential during the current peak power phase is insufficient.

[0077] The method for calculating the temperature rise coefficient for any observation period is as follows:

[0078] Based on the time series of the refrigerant temperature, the difference between the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period and the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period is calculated as the temperature rise of the corresponding observation period; the ratio of the temperature rise of the observation period to the discharge step size is calculated as the temperature rise coefficient of the corresponding observation period.

[0079] It should be noted that the temperature rise coefficient represents the change in refrigerant temperature caused by the heat generated per unit of discharge output by the energy storage tank during the corresponding observation period. In other words, it represents the average increase in refrigerant temperature within the refrigerant tank for every unit of electrical energy released by the energy storage tank. The faster the energy storage tank discharges, the shorter the observation period, but the heat input to the refrigerant tank remains approximately equal for each observation period.

[0080] The method for detecting whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is as follows:

[0081] The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is calculated and denoted as the stability index. If the stability index is less than a preset stability threshold, then the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is stable.

[0082] Those skilled in the art can set a specific value for the stability threshold based on actual needs, for example, it can be set to 20% of the average temperature rise coefficient of the most recent n consecutive observation periods. When the stability index is less than the stability threshold, it indicates that as the discharge quantity increases, the refrigerant temperature response to the discharge quantity no longer changes significantly. This indicates that the state of the cooling capacity participating in heat dissipation has stabilized and is no longer in the initial disturbance or rapid deterioration stage. It is considered that the observation information has been saturated, the state detection window can be terminated, and the cooling capacity state can be determined based on this state detection window.

[0083] Step 3: Calculate the refrigerant's cooling capacity status index based on the discharge quantity and refrigerant temperature within the status detection window.

[0084] The cooling status index includes heat dissipation response characteristic quantities and heat dissipation response change quantities;

[0085] The method for calculating the heat dissipation response characteristic is as follows:

[0086] The discharge amount corresponding to the start time of the state detection window is marked as the first discharge amount; the discharge amount corresponding to the end time of the state detection window is marked as the second discharge amount; the difference between the second discharge amount and the first discharge amount is calculated and recorded as the heat dissipation input of the state detection window.

[0087] The refrigerant temperature corresponding to the start time of the state detection window is marked as the first refrigerant temperature; the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the end time of the state detection window is marked as the second refrigerant temperature; the difference between the second refrigerant temperature and the first refrigerant temperature is calculated and recorded as the heat dissipation response of the state detection window.

[0088] The ratio of the heat dissipation response quantity to the heat dissipation input quantity is calculated and used as a characteristic quantity of the heat dissipation response.

[0089] Similar to the temperature rise coefficient, the heat dissipation response characteristic represents the change in refrigerant temperature caused by the heat generated per unit discharge output by the energy storage tank within the state detection window, reflecting the capacity of the stored refrigerant to withstand the discharge behavior of the energy storage tank.

[0090] The method for calculating the change in heat dissipation response is as follows:

[0091] Calculate the average of the first discharge quantity and the second discharge quantity, and record it as the midpoint discharge quantity; mark the time corresponding to the midpoint discharge quantity in the status detection window as the midpoint observation time; mark the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the midpoint observation time as the midpoint refrigerant temperature;

[0092] The difference between the midpoint discharge quantity and the first discharge quantity is calculated and recorded as the first input quantity of the state detection window; the difference between the midpoint refrigerant temperature and the first refrigerant temperature is calculated and recorded as the first response quantity of the state detection window; the ratio of the first response quantity to the first input quantity is calculated and used as the first response feature quantity.

[0093] Calculate the difference between the second discharge quantity and the midpoint discharge quantity, and record it as the second input quantity of the state detection window; calculate the difference between the second refrigerant temperature and the midpoint refrigerant temperature, and record it as the second response quantity of the state detection window; calculate the ratio of the second response quantity to the second input quantity, and use it as the second response feature quantity.

[0094] The difference between the second response characteristic and the first response characteristic is calculated as the change in heat dissipation response.

[0095] When the change in heat dissipation response is approximately 0, it indicates that the response of the cooling capacity to the heat input remains stable during the consumption process. If the change in heat dissipation response is greater than 0, it indicates that as the discharge proceeds, the temperature rise of the refrigerant caused by the same discharge amount is increasing, and the cooling capacity is deteriorating. If the change in heat dissipation response is significantly greater than 0, it indicates that the cooling capacity has entered a nonlinear decay stage.

[0096] Step 4: Set the discharge mode of the energy storage box based on the aforementioned cooling status index, including continuous discharge mode and confined discharge mode;

[0097] The setting of the discharge mode of the energy storage box specifically includes: if the heat dissipation response characteristic quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation response threshold, and the heat dissipation response change quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation change threshold, then the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to continuous discharge mode; otherwise, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to limited discharge mode.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can set specific values ​​for the heat dissipation response threshold and the heat dissipation change threshold based on actual needs. For example, the heat dissipation response threshold is 0.03℃ / kWh, and this value is set to 20% of the heat dissipation response threshold. In this embodiment, the cooling capacity represents the amount of cooling or heat absorption capacity of the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank, which is essentially the remaining heat capacity that can be used to absorb the heat generated by the energy storage tank. When the temperature rise behavior of the refrigerant begins to become unstable, it means that the cooling capacity is nearing depletion or its availability is deteriorating.

[0099] When the heat dissipation response characteristic is less than the heat dissipation response threshold, and the change in heat dissipation response is less than the heat dissipation change threshold, it indicates that the cooling capacity remains stable in response to the discharge, and can support continuous discharge. Otherwise, the cooling capacity gradually deteriorates as it is consumed, and the heat dissipation of the energy storage box cannot be stably guaranteed, making it suitable for limited or rhythmic discharge modes.

[0100] The continuous discharge mode specifically includes: the rate of change of the discharge power of any energy storage box is less than or equal to a preset first rate threshold, and the number of concurrent boxes is less than or equal to a preset first concurrency threshold.

[0101] Those skilled in the art can set the specific values ​​of the first rate threshold and the first concurrency threshold based on actual needs. For example, the first rate threshold can be set to 20%-30% (per minute) of the rated discharge power; the number of concurrent charging units is the number of energy storage charging units participating in discharge simultaneously, and the first concurrency threshold can be set to 80%-100% of the total number of energy storage charging units. In continuous release mode, the discharge behavior of the energy storage charging units that can stably bear the cold load is guided by full discharge, allowing continuous discharge throughout the entire peak power period.

[0102] The restricted discharge mode specifically includes: the continuous discharge duration of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset discharge duration threshold; the rate of change of discharge power of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset second rate threshold, and the number of concurrent modules is less than or equal to a preset second concurrency threshold; wherein, the second rate threshold is less than the first rate threshold, and the second concurrency threshold is less than the first concurrency threshold.

[0103] In confined discharge mode, heat input is stretched and dispersed in time and space, sacrificing some instantaneous discharge capacity in exchange for sustainable cooling capacity, thus ensuring the operational stability of the energy storage tank. Those skilled in the art can set specific values ​​for the discharge duration threshold, the second rate threshold, and the second concurrency threshold based on actual needs. For example, the discharge duration threshold can be set to 30 minutes to prevent continuous overdraft of cooling capacity; the second rate threshold can be set to 20%-30% (per minute) of the rated discharge power to reduce the heat input intensity per unit time by suppressing the power ramp-up rate; and the second concurrency threshold can be set to 50%-60% of the total number of energy storage tanks to reduce the heat input density per unit time through concurrency constraints.

[0104] In actual operation, even if the refrigerant has the same initial temperature, its temperature rise behavior after participating in heat dissipation is difficult to describe by the initial temperature due to factors such as uneven distribution of cooling capacity and differences in heat penetration. This scheme does not use the refrigerant temperature as the sole criterion, but rather characterizes the sustainable heat absorption capacity of the cooling capacity by observing the temperature rise behavior and its changing trend of the refrigerant during the initial stage of discharge at peak power, thereby more reliably supporting the permission and regulation of the discharge mode.

[0105] Based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box, the corresponding linkage control strategy is executed to achieve linkage control of cooling capacity and discharge.

[0106] If the energy storage box's discharge mode is continuous discharge mode, the corresponding linkage control strategy specifically includes:

[0107] Set the upper limit and temperature margin of the refrigerant temperature; calculate the difference between the upper limit and the temperature margin of the refrigerant temperature as the temperature trigger value; when the refrigerant temperature is detected to be greater than the temperature trigger value for the first time, a judgment is triggered to determine whether the refrigerant temperature has a stabilizing trend. If not, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is switched to the limited discharge mode.

[0108] Those skilled in the art can set the upper limit and temperature margin of the refrigerant temperature based on actual needs; for example, the upper limit of the refrigerant temperature is 30°C and the temperature margin is 2°C.

[0109] The following methods can be used to determine whether the refrigerant temperature is showing a stabilizing trend:

[0110] The instantaneous rate of increase of refrigerant temperature at each moment was calculated based on the time series of refrigerant temperature.

[0111] Set a trend monitoring window, a stability threshold, and a stability determination duration; if the instantaneous rate of refrigerant temperature increase is greater than 0 at each moment within the trend detection window, and no stabilization feature is detected within the trend detection window, then the refrigerant temperature does not exhibit a stabilization trend; otherwise, the refrigerant temperature exhibits a stabilization trend; the stabilization feature specifically includes: there are at least m consecutive moments where the instantaneous rate of refrigerant temperature increase is less than the stability threshold; the duration corresponding to the m consecutive moments is equal to the stability determination duration.

[0112] Those skilled in the art can set specific values ​​for the trend monitoring window, stability threshold, and stability determination duration based on actual needs; for example, the trend monitoring window can be set to 600s; the stability determination duration to 120s; and the stability threshold to 0.02℃ (per minute). In continuous discharge mode, the refrigerant circulation speed remains stable and does not frequently adjust with the discharge power. If the refrigerant temperature continuously approaches its upper limit and there is no trend towards stabilization, the cooling capacity cannot withstand the heat dissipation pressure caused by continuous discharge, and the system immediately degrades from continuous discharge mode to limited discharge mode. Setting the stability threshold and stability determination duration can eliminate sampling noise.

[0113] If the energy storage box's discharge mode is limited discharge mode, the corresponding linkage control strategy specifically includes:

[0114] Continuously monitor the temperature of the energy storage box at each moment; calculate the difference between the temperature of the energy storage box and the refrigerant temperature at each moment as the temperature difference intensity at the corresponding moment;

[0115] If the temperature difference intensity is less than or equal to a preset first temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the first heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than or equal to a preset second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the second heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than the first temperature difference threshold and less than the second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the basic heat exchange intensity.

[0116] Those skilled in the art can set the specific values ​​of the first and second temperature difference thresholds based on actual needs. For example, the first temperature difference threshold can be set to 3℃ and the second temperature difference threshold to 8℃. When the temperature difference intensity is too small, the heat exchange driving force is significantly weakened, the efficiency of the refrigerant in heat dissipation decreases, and it is difficult to effectively suppress the temperature rise of the storage tank; at this time, it is permissible to temporarily increase the refrigerant participation intensity to restore effective heat exchange. When the temperature difference intensity is too large, the cold energy is rapidly extracted, the heat flux transferred through the heat exchanger per unit time increases significantly, and the rate of cold energy consumption accelerates significantly. Under the known poor cold energy condition, if no restrictions are imposed, the temperature of the refrigerant tank will quickly approach the upper limit. At this time, by limiting the heat exchange intensity to prevent the cold energy from being rapidly overdrawn, the discharge power can be further limited or the discharge can be terminated early, or a backup liquid cooling circuit or a low-power air-cooled unit can be started; after the temperature of the energy storage tank decreases during the intermittent operation, the basic heat exchange intensity can be restored.

[0117] In this scheme, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant can be controlled by the refrigerant circulation flow rate. For example, the basic heat exchange intensity corresponds to setting the circulation pump speed to 60% of the maximum speed; the first heat exchange intensity corresponds to setting the circulation pump speed to 90% of the maximum speed; and the second heat exchange intensity corresponds to setting the circulation pump speed to 30% of the maximum speed.

[0118] Example 2

[0119] This embodiment is the second embodiment of this application; it is based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 1, and refers to... Figure 2 This embodiment introduces a cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control system, including a linkage control module, a data acquisition module, a state detection module, a discharge strategy module, and a linkage strategy module; wherein:

[0120] The linkage control module is used to identify the power consumption period and control the charging and discharging timing and discharge mode of the energy storage box, as well as control the cooling of the refrigerant and the heat exchange intensity.

[0121] The power consumption periods include off-peak and peak periods. During off-peak periods, the linkage control module controls the active cooling of the refrigerant to complete the storage of cold energy. During peak periods, the heat generated by the discharge of the energy storage box is transferred to the refrigerant box through refrigerant circulation to achieve silent heat dissipation.

[0122] The data acquisition module is used to continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage tank; the time series of discharge amount and refrigerant temperature are strictly aligned on the time axis, providing the original data foundation for the construction of the status monitoring window, the calculation of the temperature rise coefficient, and the quantification of the cooling status.

[0123] The state detection module is used to set the state detection window and calculate the refrigerant's cooling capacity state index based on the discharge quantity and refrigerant temperature within the window. This module performs segmented observations of the discharge process based on the discharge quantity step size, constructs the state detection window, and calculates the temperature rise coefficient, heat dissipation response characteristics, and heat dissipation response changes within the window. By determining the stability of the temperature rise behavior over a continuous observation period, this module identifies whether the refrigerant's participation in heat dissipation has entered a stable phase, and further quantifies the cooling capacity's ability to withstand discharge behavior and its deterioration trend as discharge progresses, thereby forming cooling capacity state indices that can be used for control decision-making.

[0124] The discharge strategy module sets the discharge mode of the energy storage module based on the aforementioned cooling status index. This module determines whether the energy storage module should currently adopt a continuous discharge mode or a restricted discharge mode based on the cooling status index and a preset threshold. In continuous discharge mode, relatively relaxed constraints are generated on the discharge power change rate and the number of concurrent modules. In restricted discharge mode, stricter constraints are generated on the discharge duration, power ramp-up rate, and number of concurrent modules to suppress heat input density and prevent rapid overdraft of cooling capacity when the cooling status is poor.

[0125] The linkage strategy module generates corresponding linkage control strategies based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box. In continuous discharge mode, the linkage control module is controlled to dynamically degrade the discharge mode by judging the upper limit of refrigerant temperature, temperature margin and recovery trend. In limited discharge mode, the linkage control module is controlled to adjust the refrigerant heat exchange intensity by judging the temperature difference between the energy storage box temperature and the refrigerant temperature, so that the cooling consumption is stretched and smoothed in time and space.

[0126] The specific functions of each module described above are as described in the relevant content of the cold storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0128] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of this application, and these forms are all within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: During off-peak hours, the energy storage box is charged and the refrigerant is cooled down to a preset low temperature threshold range. At the start of the peak power period, the energy storage box is controlled to start discharging, and the energy storage box is cooled by refrigerant; Continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage unit, and set a status detection window; The cooling capacity status index of the refrigerant is calculated based on the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature within the status detection window. The discharge mode of the energy storage box is set based on the aforementioned cold energy status index; Based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box, the corresponding linkage control strategy is executed to achieve linkage control of cooling capacity and discharge. The cooling status index includes heat dissipation response characteristic quantities and heat dissipation response change quantities; The discharge modes include continuous discharge mode and confined discharge mode; Setting the discharge mode of the energy storage box includes: if the heat dissipation response characteristic quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation response threshold, and the heat dissipation response change quantity is less than a preset heat dissipation change threshold, then the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to continuous discharge mode; otherwise, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is set to limited discharge mode.

2. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The method for setting the status detection window is as follows: The moment when the energy storage module starts discharging and the refrigerant starts cooling the energy storage module is marked as the start time of the status detection window. Simultaneously monitor and record the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature at each moment, and construct and continuously update the time series of discharge amount and refrigerant temperature; Set the lower limit of discharge quantity, the upper limit of discharge quantity, and the step size of discharge quantity; mark the moment when the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the lower limit of discharge quantity as the first observation moment; Starting from the first observation time, the observation time is marked in the time series of discharge based on the discharge quantity step size, and the difference in discharge quantity corresponding to any two adjacent observation times is a discharge quantity step size. A time series segment of the discharge amount covered between any two adjacent observation times is marked as an observation period. Calculate the temperature rise coefficient for each observation period; It also detects whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods. If the temperature rise coefficient is stable in the most recent n consecutive observation periods before the discharge quantity is first detected to be greater than the upper limit of the discharge quantity, then the latest time contained in the n observation periods is marked as the termination time of the state detection window; n is a positive integer.

3. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The method for calculating the temperature rise coefficient for any observation period is as follows: Based on the time series of the refrigerant temperature, the difference between the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period and the refrigerant temperature at the end of the observation period is calculated as the temperature rise for the corresponding observation period. The ratio of the temperature rise during the observation period to the discharge step size is calculated and used as the temperature rise coefficient for the corresponding observation period. The method for detecting whether the temperature rise coefficient is stable over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is as follows: The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is calculated and denoted as the stability index. If the stability index is less than a preset stability threshold, then the temperature rise coefficient over the most recent n consecutive observation periods is stable.

4. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation method for the heat dissipation response characteristics is as follows: The discharge amount corresponding to the start time of the state detection window is marked as the first discharge amount; the discharge amount corresponding to the end time of the state detection window is marked as the second discharge amount; the difference between the second discharge amount and the first discharge amount is calculated and recorded as the heat dissipation input of the state detection window. The refrigerant temperature corresponding to the start time of the status detection window is marked as the first refrigerant temperature; the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the end time of the status detection window is marked as the second refrigerant temperature. Calculate the difference between the temperature of the second refrigerant and the temperature of the first refrigerant, and record it as the heat dissipation response of the status detection window; The ratio of the heat dissipation response quantity to the heat dissipation input quantity is calculated and used as a characteristic quantity of the heat dissipation response.

5. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The method for calculating the change in heat dissipation response is as follows: Calculate the average of the first discharge quantity and the second discharge quantity, and record it as the midpoint discharge quantity; mark the time corresponding to the midpoint discharge quantity in the status detection window as the midpoint observation time; mark the refrigerant temperature corresponding to the midpoint observation time as the midpoint refrigerant temperature; The difference between the midpoint discharge quantity and the first discharge quantity is calculated and recorded as the first input quantity of the state detection window; the difference between the midpoint refrigerant temperature and the first refrigerant temperature is calculated and recorded as the first response quantity of the state detection window; the ratio of the first response quantity to the first input quantity is calculated and used as the first response feature quantity. Calculate the difference between the second discharge quantity and the midpoint discharge quantity, and record it as the second input quantity of the state detection window; calculate the difference between the second refrigerant temperature and the midpoint refrigerant temperature, and record it as the second response quantity of the state detection window; calculate the ratio of the second response quantity to the second input quantity, and use it as the second response feature quantity. The difference between the second response characteristic and the first response characteristic is calculated as the change in heat dissipation response.

6. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The continuous discharge mode is configured such that the rate of change of the discharge power of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset first rate threshold, and the number of concurrent modules is less than or equal to a preset first concurrency threshold; the restricted discharge mode is configured such that the continuous discharge duration of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset discharge duration threshold; the rate of change of the discharge power of any energy storage module is less than or equal to a preset second rate threshold, and the number of concurrent modules is less than or equal to a preset second concurrency threshold; wherein, the second rate threshold is less than the first rate threshold, and the second concurrency threshold is less than the first concurrency threshold.

7. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage control strategy corresponding to the continuous discharge mode specifically includes: Set the upper limit and temperature margin of the refrigerant temperature; calculate the difference between the upper limit and the temperature margin as the temperature trigger value; when the refrigerant temperature is detected to be greater than the temperature trigger value for the first time, a judgment is triggered to determine whether the refrigerant temperature has a stabilizing trend. If not, the discharge mode of the energy storage box is switched to the limited discharge mode.

8. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The method for determining whether the refrigerant temperature shows a stabilizing trend is as follows: The instantaneous rate of increase of refrigerant temperature at each moment was calculated based on the time series of refrigerant temperature. Set the trend detection window, stability threshold, and stability determination duration; If the instantaneous rate of refrigerant temperature increase is greater than 0 at every moment within the trend detection window, and no stabilization feature is detected within the trend detection window, then there is no stabilization trend in the refrigerant temperature. Otherwise, the refrigerant temperature tends to stabilize. Specifically, the stabilization feature includes: there are at least m consecutive moments in which the instantaneous rate of increase in refrigerant temperature is less than the stabilization threshold; and the duration corresponding to the m consecutive moments is equal to the stabilization determination duration.

9. The method for coordinated control of cold storage and battery heat dissipation as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The linkage control strategy corresponding to the confined discharge mode specifically includes: Continuously monitor the temperature of the energy storage box at each moment; calculate the difference between the temperature of the energy storage box and the refrigerant temperature at each moment as the temperature difference intensity at the corresponding moment; If the temperature difference intensity is less than or equal to a preset first temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the first heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than or equal to a preset second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the second heat exchange intensity; if the temperature difference intensity is greater than the first temperature difference threshold and less than the second temperature difference threshold, the heat exchange intensity of the refrigerant is set to the basic heat exchange intensity.

10. A cold energy storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control system, used to implement the cold energy storage and battery heat dissipation linkage control method as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes a linkage control module, a data acquisition module, a status detection module, a discharge strategy module, and a linkage strategy module; among which: The linkage control module is used to identify the power consumption period and control the charging and discharging timing and discharge mode of the energy storage box, as well as control the cooling of the refrigerant and the heat exchange intensity. The data acquisition module is used to continuously monitor the discharge amount and refrigerant temperature of the energy storage box; The status detection module is used to set the status detection window and calculate the cooling capacity status index of the refrigerant based on the discharge quantity and refrigerant temperature within the status detection window. The discharge strategy module sets the discharge mode of the energy storage box based on the aforementioned cold energy status index. The linkage strategy module generates corresponding linkage control strategies based on the discharge mode of the energy storage box.

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