Method and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method and apparatus for performing beam management in a wireless communication system are disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a terminal may comprise the steps of: transmitting, to a base station, information related to a reference signal (RS) set including one or more RSs; and receiving at least one RS included in the RS set from the base station. Here, based on transmitting the information by the terminal, the set of RSs may be configured for the terminal so as to be associated with at least one of a specific set of RSs or a specific report pre-configured between the base station and the terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to methods and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] A mobile communication system has been developed to provide voice services while ensuring user mobility. However, mobile communication systems have expanded to include data and voice services, and the current explosive growth in these services has led to resource shortages. Users are demanding faster services and therefore require more advanced mobile communication systems.

[0003] The overall requirements for next-generation mobile communication systems should be able to support the capacity for explosive data traffic, significantly increased per-user transmission rates, a significantly increased number of connected devices, very low end-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To this end, various technologies such as dual connectivity, massive MIMO, in-band full-duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), ultra-wideband support, and device networking have been investigated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical issues

[0005] The technical problem of this disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for performing beam management in a wireless communication system.

[0006] In addition, an additional technical problem of this disclosure is to provide methods and apparatus for supporting beam management based on artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML).

[0007] The technical objectives to be achieved by this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other technical objectives not described herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art through the following description.

[0008] Technical solution

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system may include: transmitting information to a base station regarding a set of RSs comprising one or more reference signals (RSs); and receiving from the base station at least one RS included in the RS set. Here, based on the information transmitted by the UE, the RS set is configured, for the UE, to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

[0010] According to an additional aspect of this disclosure, a method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system may include: receiving information from a user equipment (UE) regarding a set of RSs comprising one or more reference signals (RSs); and transmitting to the UE at least one RS included in the RS set. Here, based on the receipt of the information, the RS set is configured, for the UE, to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

[0011] Technical effect

[0012] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, methods and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication systems can be provided.

[0013] In addition, various embodiments of this disclosure can provide methods and apparatus for supporting AI / ML-based beam management.

[0014] In addition, according to various embodiments of this disclosure, the following technical effects can be achieved: the signaling overhead and / or delay of reconfiguring / indicating reference signals (RS) based on reports / requests from user equipment (UE) can be omitted or reduced.

[0015] The technical objectives to be achieved by this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other technical objectives not described herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description for understanding this disclosure, provide embodiments of the disclosure and describe the technical features of the disclosure through detailed description.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure of a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 2 A frame structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 3 An example is shown of a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0020] Figure 4 Examples of physical resource blocks in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure can be applied are provided.

[0021] Figure 5 The time slot structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 6 Examples are given of physical channels used in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure may be applied, as well as general signal transmission and reception methods using such physical channels.

[0023] Figure 7 Examples of general functional architectures related to function-based LCM and model-based LCM are provided.

[0024] Figure 8 Examples of signaling operations used in AI / ML-related processes.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure may be applied.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a base station in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure may be applied.

[0027] Figure 11 A block diagram illustrating a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In the following, embodiments according to this disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed with reference to the drawings is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and not to represent the only embodiments in which this disclosure can be implemented. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that this disclosure can be implemented without these specific details.

[0029] In some cases, known structures and devices may be omitted, or they may be shown in block diagram form based on the core functions of each structure and device in order to prevent ambiguity of the concepts in this disclosure.

[0030] In this disclosure, when an element is referred to as “connected,” “combined,” or “linked” to another element, it can include both indirect and direct connections between the two elements. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the terms “comprising” or “having” specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, components, and / or elements, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, stages, operations, components, elements, and / or groups thereof.

[0031] In this disclosure, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one element from another and are not used to limit the elements. Unless otherwise stated, they do not limit the order or importance of the elements. Therefore, within the scope of this disclosure, a first element in one embodiment may be referred to as a second element in another embodiment, and similarly, a second element in one embodiment may be referred to as a first element in another embodiment.

[0032] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and not for limiting the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and the appended claims, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “and / or” as used in this disclosure may refer to one of the associated enumerations, or is intended to refer to and include any and all possible combinations of two or more of them. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the “ / ” between words in this disclosure has the same meaning as “and / or”.

[0033] This disclosure describes a wireless communication network or wireless communication system, and operations performed in the wireless communication network can be performed during the process of a device (e.g., a base station) controlling the network and transmitting or receiving signals, or during the process of a terminal associated with the corresponding wireless network transmitting or receiving signals between the network or between the terminal.

[0034] In this disclosure, the term "transmit or receive channel" includes the meaning of transmitting or receiving information or signals through a corresponding channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or control signals through a control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or data signals through a data channel.

[0035] In the following text, downlink (DL) refers to communication from a base station to a terminal, while uplink (UL) refers to communication from a terminal to a base station. In the downlink, the transmitter can be part of the base station, and the receiver can be part of the terminal. In the uplink, the transmitter can be part of the terminal, and the receiver can be part of the base station. A base station can be referred to as a first communication device, and a terminal can be referred to as a second communication device. A base station (BS) can be replaced by terms such as fixed station, Node B, eNB (evolved Node B), gNB (next-generation Node B), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point (AP), Network (5G network), AI (Artificial Intelligence) system / module, RSU (Roadside Unit), robot, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, etc. In addition, terminals can be fixed or mobile, and can be replaced by terms such as UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), UT (User Terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), WT (Wireless Terminal), MTC (Machine-Type Communication) equipment, M2M (Machine-to-Machine) equipment, D2D (Device-to-Device) equipment, vehicle, RSU (Roadside Unit), robot, AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) equipment, VR (Virtual Reality) equipment, etc.

[0036] The technologies described in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0037] The technologies described in this specification can be implemented using 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0038] To make the description clearer, it is based on 3GPP communication systems (e.g., LTE-A, NR, 6G), but the technical ideas of this disclosure are not limited thereto. LTE refers to technology from 3GPP TS (Technical Specification) version 8 onwards. Specifically, LTE technology in or after 3GPP TS 36.xxx is referred to as LTE-A, and LTE technology in or after 3GPP TS 36.xxx is referred to as LTE-A pro. 3GPP NR refers to technology in or after TS 38.xxx. LTE / NR / 6G can be referred to as a 3GPP system. "xxx" refers to the detailed number of the standard document. LTE / NR / 6G is generally referred to as a 3GPP system. For background technology, terminology, abbreviations, etc., used to describe this disclosure, reference can be made to the matters described in the standard documents previously published. For example, the following documents can be consulted.

[0039] For 3GPP LTE, you can refer to TS 36.211 (Physical Channels and Modulation), TS 36.212 (Multiplexing and Channel Coding), TS 36.213 (Physical Layer Procedures), TS 36.300 (General Description), and TS 36.331 (Radio Resource Control).

[0040] For 3GPP NR, you can refer to TS 38.211 (Physical Channels and Modulation), TS 38.212 (Multiplexing and Channel Coding), TS 38.213 (Physical Layer Procedures for Control), TS 38.214 (Physical Layer Procedures for Data), TS 38.300 (General Description of NR and NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network)), and TS 38.331 (Radio Resource Control Protocol Specification).

[0041] The abbreviations of terms that may be used in this disclosure are defined as follows.

[0042] - BM: Beam Management

[0043] - CQI: Channel Quality Indicator

[0044] - CRI: Channel State Information - Reference Signal Resource Indicator

[0045] - CSI: Channel State Information

[0046] - CSI-IM: Channel State Information - Interference Measurement

[0047] - CSI-RS: Channel State Information - Reference Signal

[0048] - DMRS: Demodulation Reference Signal

[0049] - FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0050] - FFT: Fast Fourier Transform

[0051] - IFDMA: Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access

[0052] - IFFT: Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

[0053] - L1-RSRP: Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power

[0054] - L1-RSRQ: Layer 1 reference signal reception quality

[0055] - MAC: Media Access Control

[0056] - NZP: Non-zero power

[0057] - OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0058] - PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0059] - PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0060] - PMI: Precoding Matrix Indicator

[0061] - RE: Resource Elements

[0062] - RI: Rank Indicator

[0063] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0064] - RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator

[0065] - Rx: Receive

[0066] - QCL: Quasi-co-location

[0067] - SINR: Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio

[0068] - SSB (or SS / PBCH block): Synchronization signal block (including PSS (primary synchronization signal), SSS (secondary synchronization signal), and PBCH (physical broadcast channel))

[0069] - TDM: Time Division Multiplexing

[0070] - TRP: Transmitting and Receiving Point

[0071] - TRS: Tracking Reference Signal

[0072] - Tx: Send

[0073] - UE: User Equipment

[0074] - ZP: Zero Power

[0075] Overall System

[0076] With more communication devices requiring higher capacity, there has been a demand for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing radio access technologies (RATs). Furthermore, massive MTC (machine-type communication) that provides various services anytime, anywhere by connecting multiple devices and things is also one of the main issues to be considered in next-generation communications. In addition, communication system designs considering services / terminals sensitive to reliability and latency are discussed. Therefore, the introduction of next-generation RATs considering eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband communication), mMTC (massive MTC), URLLC (ultra-reliable low-latency communication), etc., is discussed, and for convenience, the corresponding technologies are referred to as NR in this disclosure. NR is an example expression representing 5G RAT.

[0077] As mentioned above, NR systems are entirely new mobile communication systems designed to succeed LTE (Long Term Evolution), featuring characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. In the case of NR systems, all available spectrum resources can be utilized, ranging from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter-wave) bands of 24 GHz or higher. Based on the fundamental technologies of NR systems, 6G mobile communication systems (hereinafter referred to as 6G systems) are being developed.

[0078] 6G systems aim to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) extremely low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can encompass four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity.

[0079] New RAT systems, including NR and 6G systems (hereinafter referred to as next-generation RAT systems), use OFDM transmission schemes or similar schemes. Next-generation RAT systems can follow OFDM parameters different from those of LTE. Alternatively, next-generation RAT systems can follow the existing LTE / LTE-A parameter sets as is, but can support larger system bandwidths (e.g., 100MHz). Alternatively, a single cell can support multiple parameter sets. That is, UEs operating with different parameter sets can coexist within a single cell.

[0080] The parameter set corresponds to a subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain. Different parameter sets can be defined as the reference subcarrier spacing is scaled by an integer N.

[0081] Figure 1 The structure of a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 The NG-RAN is configured with gNBs that provide control plane (RRC) protocol support for the NG-RA (NG Radio Access) user plane (i.e., the new AS (Access Layer) sublayer / PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) / RLC (Radio Link Control) / MAC / PHY) and UE. The gNBs interconnect via the Xn interface. Furthermore, the gNBs are connected to the NGC (Next Generation Core) via the NG interface. More specifically, the gNBs are connected to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Power) via the N2 interface and to the UPF (User Plane Functions) via the N3 interface.

[0083] Figure 2 A frame structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0084] The next-generation RAT system can support multiple parameter sets. Here, the parameter set can be defined by the subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. Multiple subcarrier spacings can be derived by scaling the basic (reference) subcarrier spacing by an integer N (or μ). Furthermore, although it is assumed that very low subcarrier spacings are not used at very high carrier frequencies, the parameter set used can be selected independently of the frequency band. Moreover, various frame structures based on multiple parameter sets can be supported in the next-generation RAT system.

[0085] The following section describes the OFDM parameter sets and frame structures that can be considered in next-generation RAT systems. Several OFDM parameter sets supported in next-generation RAT systems can be defined as shown in Table 1 below.

[0086] [Table 1]

[0087] The next-generation RAT system supports multiple parameter sets (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support a variety of 5G / 6G services. For example, a 15kHz SCS supports wide-area coverage in traditional cellular bands; a 30kHz / 60kHz SCS supports dense urban environments, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and a 60kHz or higher SCS supports bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz to overcome phase noise. Although not described in Table 1, in the case of 6G systems, support for a 480kHz / 960kHz SCS can be added.

[0088] The frequency bands of next-generation RAT systems are defined as various types of frequency ranges (e.g., FR1, FR2, etc.). For example, FR1 and FR2 can be configured as shown in Table 2 below. Additionally, FR2 can refer to millimeter wave (mmW).

[0089] [Table 2]

[0090] Regarding the frame structure in the next-generation RAT system, the sizes of various fields in the time domain are expressed as follows: Multiples of time units. Here, for ,and Downlink and uplink transmissions are configured (organized) to have durations. The radio frame. Here, the radio frame is configured with 10 subframes, each with... The duration. In this case, there may be one frame set for the uplink and one frame set for the downlink.

[0091] Furthermore, the transmission in the i-th uplink frame from the terminal should begin earlier than the corresponding downlink frame in the corresponding terminal. Let's begin with the subcarrier spacing configuration. The time slots are arranged in subframes according to The numbering is in ascending order, and in the radio frame according to The time slot is configured with an increasing sequence number. A continuous OFDM symbol, and Determined based on CP. Time slots in subframes. The start of OFDM symbols in the same subframe The start dates are arranged in time. Not all terminals may perform transmission and reception simultaneously, meaning that all OFDM symbols in either the downlink or uplink time slots may not be available.

[0092] Table 3 shows the number of OFDM symbols in each time slot during normal CP. Number of time slots per radio frame and the number of time slots per subframe Table 4 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per radio frame, and the number of slots per subframe in the extended CP.

[0093] [Table 3]

[0094] [Table 4]

[0095] Figure 2 This is an example with μ=2 (SCS = 60 kHz), see Table 3. One subframe can include 4 time slots. For example... Figure 2 The subframe shown as {1,2,4} is an example. The number of time slots that can be included in a subframe is defined in Table 3 or Table 4. Additionally, micro-time slots can include 2, 4, or 7 symbols, or more or fewer symbols.

[0096] Regarding physical resources in next-generation RAT systems, considerations include antenna ports, resource grids, resource elements, resource blocks, and carrier components. The physical resources that can be considered in next-generation RAT systems will be described in detail below.

[0097] First, regarding antenna ports, an antenna port is defined such that the channel carrying symbols in that antenna port can be inferred from the channels carrying other symbols in the same antenna port. When the large-scale properties of the channel carrying symbols in one antenna port can be inferred from the channel carrying symbols in another antenna port, it can be said that the two antenna ports are in a QC / QCL (quasi-co-located or quasi-co-located) relationship. In this case, the large-scale properties include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and receive timing.

[0098] Figure 3 An example is shown of a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0099] Reference Figure 3 This illustratively describes a resource grid configured with frequency domain information. There are 1 subcarrier, and one subframe is configured with 1 subcarrier. One OFDM symbol, but not limited to this. In next-generation RAT systems, the transmitted signal is... Each OFDM symbol and configuration has It is described using one or more resource grids for each subcarrier. Here, . This represents the maximum transmission bandwidth, which may differ between uplink and downlink, and between parameter sets. In this case, each μ and antenna port p can be configured with a resource grid. Each element of the resource grid used for μ and antenna port p is called a resource element and is indexed by a pair of... Unique identifier. Here, It is an index in the frequency domain, and Refers to the symbol position within a subframe. When referencing resource elements within a time slot, index pairs are used. Here, Resource elements used for μ and antenna port p. Corresponding to complex values When there is no risk of confusion or when a specific antenna port or parameter set is not specified, the indices p and μ may be discarded, and the complex values ​​may be... or Furthermore, resource blocks (RBs) are defined in the frequency domain. A series of consecutive subcarriers.

[0100] Point A serves as a common reference point for the resource block grid and is obtained as follows.

[0101] - The offsetToPointA of the downlink in the primary cell (PCell) represents the frequency offset between point A and the lowest subcarrier of the lowest resource block that overlaps with the SS / PBCH block, which is used by the terminal for initial cell selection. It is assumed that a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz is used for FR1 and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz is used for FR2, expressed in units of resource blocks.

[0102] -absoluteFrequencyPointA represents the frequency location of point A, expressed in ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number).

[0103] For the subcarrier spacing configuration μ, the common resource blocks are numbered from 0 upwards in the frequency domain. The center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 used for subcarrier spacing configuration μ is the same as "point A". The common resource block number n for subcarrier spacing configuration μ in the frequency domain is... CRB μ The relationship between the resource element (k,l) and the resource element (k,l) is given by Equation 1 below.

[0104] [Formula 1]

[0105] In Equation 1, k is defined relative to point A, such that k=0 corresponds to a subcarrier centered at point A. The physical resource block (BWP) ranges from 0 to... The number i is the BWP number. The physical resource block n in BWPi. PRB and public resource block n CRB The relationship between them is given by Equation 2.

[0106] [Equation 2] It is a public resource block relative to public resource block 0 in BWP.

[0107] Figure 4 Examples of physical resource blocks in wireless communication systems that can utilize this disclosure are provided. Furthermore, Figure 5 The time slot structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0108] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A time slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, for a normal CP, one time slot includes 7 symbols, but for an extended CP, one time slot includes 6 symbols.

[0109] A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Component) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks in the frequency domain and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through active BWPs, and only one BWP can be active for a single terminal. In the resource grid, each element is called a resource element (RE) and can be mapped to a complex number of symbols.

[0110] In next-generation RAT systems, each component carrier (CC) can support up to 400 MHz. If a terminal operating in such a wideband CC always operates with the RF (Frequency Radio Frequency) chip enabled for the entire CC, terminal battery consumption may increase. Alternatively, when considering multiple applications operating in a single wideband CC (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, Mmtc, V2X, etc.), different sets of parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing, etc.) can be supported in each band of the corresponding CC. Alternatively, each terminal may have different capabilities for the maximum bandwidth. With this in mind, the base station can instruct the terminal to operate only in a portion of the bandwidth, rather than the full bandwidth of the wideband CC, and for convenience, the corresponding portion of the bandwidth is defined as the Bandwidth Part (BWP). The BWP can be configured with consecutive RBs on the frequency axis and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, slot / microslot duration).

[0111] Furthermore, even within a single CC configured for a terminal, a base station can configure multiple BWPs. For example, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency domain can be configured in a PDCCH monitoring slot, and a PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH can be scheduled within a larger BWP.

[0112] Alternatively, when a UE is congested in a specific BWP, other BWPs can be configured for some terminals to perform load balancing. Alternatively, considering inter-cell interference cancellation in the frequency domain between neighboring cells, some intermediate spectrum across the full bandwidth can be excluded, and two edge BWPs can be configured in the same time slot. In other words, the base station can configure at least one DL / UL BWP to a terminal associated with a broadband CC. The base station can activate at least one of the configured DL / UL BWPs at a specific time (via L1 signaling, MAC CE (control element), or RRC signaling, etc.).

[0113] Furthermore, the base station can instruct a handover to a different configured DL / UL BWP (via L1 signaling, MAC CE, or RRC signaling, etc.). Alternatively, based on a timer, a handover to a specific DL / UL BWP can be initiated when the timer value expires. Here, the active DL / UL BWP is defined as the active DL / UL BWP. However, the terminal may not receive the configuration on the DL / UL BWP before performing the initial access procedure or establishing an RRC connection; therefore, in these cases, the DL / UL BWP assumed by the terminal is defined as the initially active DL / UL BWP.

[0114] Figure 6 Examples are given of physical channels used in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure may be applied, as well as general signal transmission and reception methods using such physical channels.

[0115] In wireless communication systems, terminals receive information from base stations via downlink and transmit information to base stations via uplink. The information sent and received by base stations and terminals includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type / purpose of the information they send and receive.

[0116] Figure 6 The second node supports Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) and can provide connectivity not only to nodes implementing 6G technology but also to nodes implementing pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). In other words, Figure 6 The first node can be a node implementing 6G technology or a node implementing wireless communication technologies prior to 6G (e.g., 5G, 4G). Furthermore, the first node and / or the second node can support full-duplex mode and non-overlapping full-duplex mode.

[0117] exist Figure 6 For ease of description, the first node and the second node are assumed to be a user equipment (UE) and a base station, respectively, and the operations of the UE (110) and the base station (120) transmitting and / or receiving data, as well as the operations performed before them, are illustrated. However, Figure 6 The operation is not limited to the operation between the UE and the base station, and can also be interpreted as the operation between the first node and the second node. Furthermore, Figure 6 This example illustrates the direct transmission and reception of wireless signals between a UE (110) and a base station (120), but there may be one or more intermediate points between the UE (110) and the base station (120), and the wireless signals may be transmitted and received via one or more intermediate points.

[0118] refer to Figure 6In step 101, the UE (110) and the base station (120) perform synchronization. For example, the UE (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the UE (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal sent from the base station (120) for base station access according to predefined rules. Here, the synchronization signal may include multiple synchronization signals classified according to structure or purpose (e.g., a first synchronization signal (e.g., a primary synchronization signal), a second synchronization signal (e.g., a secondary synchronization signal), etc.). In this way, the UE (110) can identify the boundaries of the units (e.g., frames, subframes, time slots, and / or symbols) constituting the radio signal transmission of the base station (120) and can obtain information about the base station (120) (e.g., cell identifier).

[0119] In step 103, the UE (110) acquires system information transmitted from the base station (120). System information is information relating to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and can be categorized according to content (e.g., whether it is inherently necessary for access), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on demand), etc. For example, system information can be categorized as first system information (e.g., main information block (MIB), main system information), second system information (e.g., system information block (SIB), secondary system information), etc. If necessary, the UE (110) may send a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. However, the request and provision of system information can be performed after the random access procedure described later.

[0120] In step 105, the UE (110) and the base station (120) perform a random access procedure. Based on channel-related information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, supported preamble structure, etc.) obtained through system information related to the random access procedure of the base station (120), the UE (110) may send and / or receive at least one message (e.g., random access preamble, random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for the random access procedure. For example, the UE (110) may send a first message (e.g., preamble, MSG1) through the channel used for the random access procedure, receive a second message (e.g., RAR message, MSG2), send a third message (e.g., MSG3) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the second message, which includes information related to the UE (110) (e.g., identification information), and receive a fourth message (e.g., MSG4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, the first and third messages may be sent and received as a single message, or the second and fourth messages may be sent and received as a single message.

[0121] In step 107, the UE (110) and the base station (120) execute signaling for control information. Here, the control information can be defined at various layers, such as layers that control connections (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), layers that handle the mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., Medium Access Control (MAC) layer), and layers that handle physical channels (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer). For example, the UE (110) and the base station (120) can execute at least one of the following: signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining communication-related configurations, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0122] In step 109, the UE (110) and the base station (120) transmit and / or receive data. In other words, the UE (110) and the base station (120) can process data and transmit and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, in the case of transmitting data, the UE (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. Conversely, in the case of receiving data, the UE (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation by antenna, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0123] Table 5 shows an example of the DCI format in the next-generation RAT system.

[0124] [Table 5]

[0125] Referring to Table 5, DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, and 0_2 can include resource information (e.g., UL / SUL (Supplemental UL), frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, frequency hopping, etc.), information related to transport blocks (TBs) (e.g., MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme), NDI (New Data Indicator), RV (Redundancy Version), etc.), information related to HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and Request) (e.g., process number, DAI (Downlink Assignment Index), PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), information related to multiple antennas (e.g., DMRS sequence initialization information, antenna ports, CSI requests, etc.), power control information related to PUSCH scheduling (e.g., PUSCH power control, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format can be predefined. DCI format 0_0 is used to schedule PUSCHs within a cell. DCI format 0_0 includes information scrambled with CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) using C-RNTI (Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier), CS-RNTI (Configured Scheduling RNTI), or MCS-C-RNTI (Modulation and Coding Scheme Cell RNTI) and transmitted. DCI format 0_1 ​​is used to indicate the scheduling of one or more PUSCHs or to provide downlink feedback information to the Terminal Configuration Grant (CG) within a cell. The information in DCI format 0_1 ​​is scrambled with C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI (Semi-Persistent CSIRNTI), or MCS-C-RNTI and transmitted. DCI format 0_2 is used to schedule PUSCHs within a cell. The information in DCI format 0_2 is scrambled with C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI and transmitted.

[0126] Next, DCI formats 1_0, 1_1, and 1_2 may include resource information (e.g., frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, VRB (Virtual Resource Block) - PRB (Physical Resource Block) mapping, etc.), information related to transport blocks (TB) (e.g., MCS, NDI, RV, etc.), information related to HARQ (e.g., process number, DAI, PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), information related to multiple antennas (e.g., antenna port, TCI (Transmission Configuration Indicator), SRS (Sound Reference Signal) request, etc.), PUCCH-related information regarding PDSCH scheduling (e.g., PUCCH power control, PUCCH resource indicator, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format can be predefined.

[0127] DCI format 1_0 is used to schedule PDSCH in a DL cell. The information included in DCI format 1_0 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0128] DCI format 1_1 is used to schedule PDSCH in a cell. The information included in DCI format 1_1 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0129] DCI format 1_2 is used to schedule PDSCH in a cell. The information contained in DCI format 1_2 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0130] Quasi-co-located (QCL)

[0131] An antenna port is defined such that a channel carrying a symbol on that antenna port can be inferred from a channel carrying another symbol on the same antenna port. If the properties of a channel carrying a symbol on one antenna port can be inferred from a channel carrying a symbol on another antenna port, then the two antenna ports are considered to be in a QC / QCL (quasi-co-located or quasi-co-located) relationship.

[0132] Here, channel characteristics include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency / Doppler shift, average received power, received timing / average delay, and spatial Rx parameters. Here, spatial Rx parameters refer to spatial (received) channel characteristic parameters such as angle of arrival.

[0133] The UE can be configured with a list of up to M TCI-State configurations in the higher-layer parameter PDSCH-Config to decode the PDSCH based on the detected expected DCI for the UE and the PDCCH of a given serving cell. M depends on the UE's capabilities.

[0134] Each TCI-State includes parameters for establishing a quasi-co-address relationship between one or two DL reference signals and the DM-RS port of the PDSCH.

[0135] The quasi-co-address relationship is configured by the higher-layer parameter qcl-Type1 for the first DL RS and qcl-Type2 (if set) for the second DL RS. The QCL type is different for the two DL RSs, regardless of whether the reference signal is the same or different DL RSs.

[0136] The quasi-co-address type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the higher-level parameter qcl-Type of QCL-Info, and can take one of the following values: - “QCL-TypeA”: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread} - "QCL-TypeB": {Doppler shift, Doppler extension} - "QCL-TypeC": {Doppler shift, average delay} - "QCL-TypeD": {Space Rx parameter} For example, if the target antenna port is a specific NZP CSI-RS, the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna port can be indicated / configured to be quasi-co-located with a specific TRS from the QCL-Type A angle and quasi-co-located with a specific SSB from the QCL-Type D angle. A UE that has received this indication / configuration can use the Doppler and delay values ​​measured at the QCL-Type A TRS to receive the corresponding NZP CSI-RS, and apply the receive beam used for QCL-Type D SSB reception to the corresponding NZP CSI-RS reception.

[0137] The UE can receive an activation command via MAC CE signaling, which is used to map up to eight TCI states to code points in the DCI field “Transmission Configuration Indication”.

[0138] Artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) related operations

[0139] AI / ML can be introduced / applied to the next-generation RAT system described in this disclosure.

[0140] Integrating AI into communications can simplify and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use extensive analytics to determine how complex tasks should be performed. This means AI can improve efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0141] The functional framework for AI / ML operations is described below.

[0142] In the following text, for the purpose of providing a more specific explanation of AI (or AI / ML), the terminology may be defined as follows.

[0143] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals serves as the basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0144] - AI Model: A data-driven algorithm that uses AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0145] - AI / ML training: An online or offline process that trains an AI model by learning the features and patterns that best represent the data, and obtains a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0146] - AI / ML inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and using AI models trained with AI models.

[0147] The lifecycle management (LCM) process for AI / ML models (i.e., model training, model deployment, model inference, model monitoring, model updates, etc.) can be divided into function-based LCM and model-based LCM. In function-based LCM, the AI / ML model may not be recognized by the network, and the network can guide the activation / deactivation / rollback / switching of AI / ML functions. In model ID (identifier)-based LCM, the AI / ML model can be recognized by the network, and the network / endpoint can activate / deactivate / select / switch the AI / ML model using the model ID.

[0148] Figure 7 Examples of common functional architectures related to both function-based LCM and model-based LCM are provided. Figure 7 Some functions or data / information / command flows (i.e., arrows) illustrated in the example can be omitted.

[0149] refer to Figure 7 The general functional framework can be configured to include data collection (10), model training (20), management (30), inference (40), and model storage (50).

[0150] The data collection function (10) is a function that provides input data to the model training function (20), management function (30), and inference function (40). The data collection function (10) can perform data preparation based on raw data and provide input data after data preparation processing. Examples of raw data may include data / measurement data received from terminals or other network entities, inference / output of AI / ML models, etc. The data collection function (10) can be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, network node, etc.) or by multiple entities.

[0151] Here, training data (11) refers to the data required as input to the AI / ML model training function (20). Monitoring data (12) refers to the data required as input to the management (30) of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference data (13) refers to the data required as input to the AI / ML inference function (30).

[0152] The model training function (20) is a function that performs AI / ML model training, validation, and testing, and can generate model performance metrics that can be used as part of the AI / ML model testing process. If needed, the model training function (20) can perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, shaping, and transformation) based on the training data (11) transferred from the data collection function (10).

[0153] Trained / updated model (21): If a model storage function (50) exists, it is used to transfer trained, validated and tested AI / ML models to the model storage function (50), or to transfer updated versions of the model to the model storage function (50).

[0154] The management function (30) is a function that supervises the operation of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. In addition, the management function (30) can make decisions based on the data received from the data collection function (10) (i.e., monitoring data (12)) and / or the data received from the inference function (40) (i.e., inference output (41)) to ensure appropriate inference operations.

[0155] The management instruction (32) is the information required to manage the input of the inference function (40). The relevant information may include the selection / (de)activation / switching of an AI / ML model or an AI / ML-based function, and may also include fallback to non-AI / ML operations (i.e., independent of the inference process).

[0156] The model transfer / delivery request (33) can be used to request a model from the model store (50).

[0157] Performance feedback / retraining request (31) means the information required for input to the model training function (20) (e.g., for the purpose of (re)training or updating the model).

[0158] The inference function (40) is a function that provides output by applying an AI / ML model or AI / ML function using data provided by the data collection (10) (i.e., inference data (13)) as input. Data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation) can be performed based on the inference data (13) transmitted by the data collection (10). If necessary, the inference function (40) can also perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, shaping, and transformation) based on the inference data (13) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0159] The inference output (41) is data used in the management function (30) to monitor the performance of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. The inference output (41) may include the inference output of the AI / ML model generated by the inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0160] The model storage function (50) is a function for storing learned / updated models that can be used to perform the inference function (40). Figure 7 The model storage function (50) illustrated herein can be used as a reference point (if present) when applicable to protocol termination, model transfer / delivery, and related processes. Furthermore, the model storage function (50) is merely an example and is not intended to limit the storage location of actual AI / ML models, and may be omitted.

[0161] Model delivery (51) is used to deliver AI / ML models to the inference function.

[0162] Collaboration levels can be defined based on the AI / ML capabilities of multiple nodes as follows, and variations are also possible due to combinations of multiple levels or separation of any one level.

[0163] Category 0a) No collaborative framework: AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and do not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0164] Category 0b) This level corresponds to a framework with a modified wireless interface that is tailored for efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0165] Category 1) Provides inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithm of each node. For example, this applies to situations where a particular node receives support from another node (for training, adaptation, etc.) and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0166] Category 2) Joint AI / ML tasks can be executed across multiple nodes. This category requires AI / ML model commands or exchanges between network nodes.

[0167] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the overall functional framework used in AI / ML models, and is not... Figure 7 All functions and / or all data / information / command signals illustrated in the example can be executed within a specific node, or only some of them can be executed.

[0168] AI / ML models can be categorized into one-sided and two-sided models based on whether training and / or inference are performed on a single node or jointly / sequentially on multiple nodes.

[0169] A one-sided model can refer to an AI / ML model inference performed entirely by a single node (e.g., an endpoint or network). Here, training the AI / ML model can also be performed entirely by a single node. Training and inference of the AI / ML model can be performed by the same node, or they can be performed by separate nodes.

[0170] A two-sided model can refer to an AI / ML model that jointly performs inference across multiple nodes (e.g., endpoints and networks). Joint inference means performing inference jointly across multiple nodes. For example, the first part of the inference can be performed by a first node, and the remaining part of the inference can be performed by a second node. Two-sided models can be classified into several types based on the training method of the AI / ML model, as follows.

[0171] - Type 1: AI / ML models can be trained on a single node. In this case, joint training can be performed. The trained model can then be distributed to other nodes / objects.

[0172] - Second type: Joint training of AI / ML models can be performed separately on multiple nodes / entities (e.g., network and endpoint). Joint training can mean that model generation (e.g., CSI generation part) and model reconstruction (through CSI compression of sub-use cases) are trained in the same loop for forward activation and backward gradient. In this type, joint training can include both simultaneous training (i.e., model generation training and model reconstruction training are performed simultaneously) and sequential training (i.e., model reconstruction training is performed after model generation training).

[0173] - Third type: Separate training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes (e.g., network and terminal). Separate training can mean that training begins sequentially on one node and continues on the other nodes. In this case, if the first node executes the AI / ML model first and shares training data with the second node, the second node can use the shared training data to execute the AI / ML model. For example, training for the CSI generation part can be performed by the terminal, and CSI reconstruction can be performed by the network.

[0174] The operations described in this disclosure below can be based on the following text Figure 8 The AI / ML model shown is used to explain / interpret, even if it is not mentioned separately (i.e., it is not explicitly mentioned that it is performed by / based on / used by AI / ML model).

[0175] Furthermore, unless specifically limited in the description of this disclosure, an AI / ML model may correspond to a one-sided model in which inference is performed entirely by a single node or a two-sided model in which joint inference is performed by multiple nodes.

[0176] Step 1: In the description of this disclosure below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or a set of signaling between a particular node (e.g., a terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as signaling or a set of signaling used to perform the operations of Step 1 based on the AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it can correspond to the signaling used for training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction). Figure 7 The training data for the AI / ML model, or the inference data used for inference in the AI / ML model, or the feedback used for the AI / ML model, etc. If signaling between nodes is not required before the operations based on the AI / ML model in this disclosure, step 1 can be omitted. If a one-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in this disclosure can correspond to the signaling in step 1. Furthermore, when a two-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling in this disclosure can correspond to one-stage signaling, and repeated signaling operations can also correspond to one-stage signaling.

[0177] For example, in AI / ML model-based beam management (BM), if the base station predicts (i.e., infers) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model, the base station can receive quality / strength information for multiple beams from the terminal. Furthermore, if the terminal predicts (i.e., infers) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model, the terminal can receive multiple beams from the base station.

[0178] Step 2: In the description of this disclosure below, an operation (e.g., computation, selection, prediction, etc.) in a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) or a joint operation (e.g., computation, selection, prediction, etc.) in multiple nodes (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) may correspond to the Step 2 operation of one or more functions in a functional framework based on an AI / ML model, even if not individually mentioned. For example, it may correspond to... Figure 7The training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) or inference of AI / ML models, etc. When using a one-sided model, the operation performed by a single node in this disclosure can correspond to the operation in step 2, and similarly, when using a two-sided model, the joint operation performed by multiple nodes in this disclosure can correspond to the operation in step 2.

[0179] For example, in an AI / ML model-based beamforming system (BM), the base station can use quality / intensity information for multiple beams received from the terminal as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model. Furthermore, the terminal can measure multiple beams received from the base station and use the measurement results as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model.

[0180] Step 3: In the description of this disclosure below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signaling, etc.) or a set of signaling between a particular node (e.g., a terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as a three-step signaling or a set of signaling generated due to operations based on an AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it can correspond to... Figure 7 The output is obtained from the inference of the AI / ML model. If signaling between nodes is not required as a result of operations based on the AI / ML model in this disclosure, step 3 can be omitted. If a one-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in this disclosure can correspond to three-step signaling. Furthermore, when a two-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling in this disclosure can correspond to level 3 signaling, and repeated signaling operations can also correspond to level 3 signaling.

[0181] For example, in a beamforming system based on an AI / ML model, the base station can send one or more beams predicted by the AI / ML model as candidates to the terminal, enabling the terminal to determine the optimal beam. Furthermore, the terminal can report one or more beams predicted by the AI / ML model to the base station to request the base station to send candidate beams as candidates for determining the optimal beam.

[0182] AI / ML-based beam setting / management / indication methods

[0183] In the description of this disclosure, " / " can mean "and", "or", or "and / or", and "beam" can mean the source RS used for "spatial filter / spatial parameter" or "spatial relation". That is, "spatial filter", "spatial parameter", "source RS for spatial relation", etc. can be expressed interchangeably. Additionally, "beam" can also be interpreted as QCL (Type D) RS, TCI state, or (in the case of uplink) spatial relation RS.

[0184] In next-generation radio access technology (RAT) systems (such as 5G NR systems, 6G systems, etc.), beam management (BM) methods may include beam measurement / reporting methods and base station beam indication methods. Based on the base station's configuration / instructions, the UE performs beam measurement / reporting; the base station can then perform beam activation and / or beam indication on the UE based on the resulting beam report information.

[0185] Regarding the beam management process described above, in environments with high UE mobility (e.g., UE rotation, high-speed UE movement), or in environments where the presence / location of beam / wireless channel scatterers, reflectors, obstructions, etc., changes rapidly due to the movement of objects around the UE (e.g., indoor hotspots), frequent beam measurement / reporting may be required to find the optimal beam. Therefore, in such environments, problems such as high RS overhead, heavy implementation burden on the UE due to measurement / reporting, and increased power consumption may arise.

[0186] To address the aforementioned issues, in next-generation RAT systems, UE-driven beam management methods (i.e., beam management methods initiated by the UE) and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods can be considered.

[0187] UE-driven beam management methods may include schemes that combine UE beam reports to omit or simplify the base station's beam activation / indication process. Furthermore, UE-driven beam management methods may include event-based beam reporting schemes, where the UE performs beam reporting only when necessary (e.g., when the serving beam performance degrades or an alternative beam offers better performance), rather than beam reporting based on existing base station configuration / indication.

[0188] AI / ML-based beam management methods that enhance beam management through AI / ML can be categorized into "beam management performance enhancement schemes through spatial beam prediction" and "beam management performance enhancement schemes through temporal beam prediction".

[0189] "Beam management performance enhancement schemes through spatial beam prediction" are collectively referred to as the following schemes, in which beam management is performed by UE AI / ML (i.e., AI / ML running in the UE) and / or network AI / ML (i.e., AI / ML running in the network) based on current / past beam RS measurement results and UE location / mobility information, thereby improving beam management accuracy with low RS overhead. When the above schemes are applied, even using the results from a small number of beam RS measurements, performance similar to that of selecting beams from a larger number of beam RSs can be obtained.

[0190] "Beam management performance enhancement schemes through time beam prediction" are collectively referred to as the following schemes, in which UE AI / ML and / or network AI / ML predict beam quality at future time points based on current / past beam RS measurement results, UE location / mobility information, time-varying characteristics of the channel, etc.

[0191] For example, for AI / ML-based beam management, beam management (BM) case 1 and BM case 2 can be supported / considered for characterization and baseline performance evaluation. Specifically, BM case 1 can include the case of performing only the spatial beam prediction described above, and BM case 2 can include the case of performing both the temporal beam prediction and spatial beam prediction described above, as well as the case of performing only temporal beam prediction.

[0192] Relatedly, three types of beam RS sets can be defined: RS set A, RS set B, and RS set C. Here, RS set A refers to the set of beam RSs for which the UE or network performs predictions. RS set B refers to the set of beam RSs used as input to an AI / ML model for performing predictions against RS set A. RS set C refers to the set of beam RSs measured by the UE, and RS set B can be the same as RS set C or can be a subset of it.

[0193] For example, the following relationship can be established for RS set A, RS set B, and RS set C.

[0194] - RS set A may include 128 beams (e.g., beam RS #0, beam RS #1, ..., beam RS #127). The base station may transmit the beams of RS set A to the UE at (relatively long) specific periods or on demand, and the transmitted beams of RS set A may be used for network AI / ML or UE AI / ML performance monitoring purposes.

[0195] - RS set C can include 32 beams (e.g., beam RS #0, beam RS #4, beam RS #8, ..., beam RS #124). That is, RS set C can be configured as one of the four beams RS in RS set A. By periodically / aperiodically transmitting RS set C to the UE from the base station, the UE can perform beam measurement and beam reporting. As an example, the UE can perform reporting operations for a specific beam in RS set A through spatial beam prediction.

[0196] - RS set B may include a subset of RS set C and may refer to the set of beams actually used as input for the AI / ML model. Depending on the implementation of the AI / ML model, all or some beams of RS set C may be used as actual AI / ML input. As an example, only the N beams with the highest quality or beams with a quality equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold among all beams of RS set C may be used in the AI / ML model.

[0197] Additionally, in next-generation RAT systems, in AI / ML-based beam management methods, a scheme in which the UE requests the base station to send beam RS can be considered.

[0198] For example, training a UE-side AI / ML model (i.e., the AI / ML model running in the UE) may require a considerable number of beam measurements (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.), and for this purpose, the UE may request the base station to send beam RS. As another example, for performance monitoring of the UE-side AI / ML model, predicted beams and / or actual beams may need to be measured / compared, and for this purpose, the UE may request the base station to send beam RS.

[0199] The aforementioned UE-driven beam management methods and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods can be introduced / applied for efficient beam management in next-generation RAT systems.

[0200] In the following, this disclosure describes in detail a method for performing subsequent beam measurements / reports more efficiently via beam (RS) related reports / requests from the UE.

[0201] As described above, for UE-driven beam management, i.e., beam management initiated by the UE, the base station may need to send the corresponding RS to the UE after the UE's request / report, i.e., after the request / report for RS transmission. As an example, it may be necessary to send beam RS requests based on RS sent for AI / ML training / monitoring purposes. As another example, a transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) beam scanning process or beam refinement process may be followed based on the UE's request. To perform the above operations, the base station may need to pre-configure for the UE beam measurement (multiple) RSs corresponding to the RS combinations as a set of channel measurement resources (CMR) / interference measurement resources (IMR). However, due to this, signaling overhead may increase, and due to the limitation on the number of allowed CMR ( / IMR) sets, there may be a problem of not being able to pre-configure various beam combinations that the UE can request / report.

[0202] For example, the CMR / IMR following the above UE report / request can be an aperiodic (AP) resource or a semi-persistent (SP) resource. In the case of an AP CMR / IMR resource, the transmission of the corresponding AP CMR / IMR resource can be triggered solely by triggering the relevant report. That is, a report trigger via UL DCI can trigger the set of AP CMR / IMRs associated with that report. Additionally, in the case of an SP CMR / IMR resource, the transmission of the corresponding AP CMR / IMR resource can be activated via MAC-CE, and this can be activated / deactivated independently of an SP CSI report.

[0203] Figure 9 and Figure 10 Examples of UE and base station operations related to the methods and beam measurement RS sets proposed in this disclosure that are associated with / associated with the RS set recently reported / requested by the UE.

[0204] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the operation of a UE in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0205] Reference Figure 9 The UE can send information to the base station for a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RS) (S910).

[0206] In this regard, one or more reference signals can be associated with beam management.

[0207] For example, for beam management, the UE can send information to the base station to report / request the transmission of a set of RSs, including one or more RSs. The aforementioned information about the RS set can be sent through at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Medium Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), or UE capability information.

[0208] In this regard, based on the UE’s transmission of information about the RS set, for the corresponding UE, the RS set can be configured to be associated with (associated with) at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

[0209] For example, when configuring one or more measurement RSs for measurements related to a specific report, the RS set can be configured to replace all or part of the one or more measurement RSs. In this case, information indicating whether the RS set is configured to replace all or part of the one or more measurement RSs can be included in information received from the base station in response to the transmission of information regarding the RS set (e.g., feedback information). Alternatively, when the configuration of one or more measurement RSs for measurements related to a specific report is omitted, the RS set can be configured as measurement RSs for measurements related to a specific report.

[0210] As another example, when an RS set is configured to be associated with a specific RS set mentioned above, information indicating whether a specific RS set is maintained or replaced by an RS set can be included in information received from the base station in response to the transmission of information for the RS set (e.g., feedback information).

[0211] In this respect, a specific RS set may correspond to at least one of the channel measurement resources (CMR) set or interference measurement resources (IMR) set specifically designated by the base station.

[0212] Alternatively or additionally, when an RS set is configured to be associated with the aforementioned specific RS set, the specific RS set may correspond to M CSI-RS resources (where M is less than or equal to N) out of N CSI-RS resources configured by the base station for the UE, and the M CSI-RS resources may be grouped based on at least one of the CSI-RS resource ID or the ID of the CSI-RS resource set. That is, a specific RS set (the target to which the RS set reported / requested by the UE is configured to be associated) may be configured based on the CSI-RS resource ID or the ID of the CSI-RS resource set.

[0213] Additionally or alternatively, when a higher-level RS set (e.g., a potential measurement (RS) set) is configured to be associated with a specific report or at least one of the specific RS sets mentioned above, information for the RS set may be represented based on bitmap information or ID information for the RSs included in the higher-level RS set.

[0214] The UE can receive at least one RS included in the RS set in step S910 from the base station (S920).

[0215] In this regard, the reception of at least one RS can be based on configuration information related to at least one of the aforementioned specific reports or specific RS sets. Furthermore, the reception of at least one RS can be performed based on a trigger or activation related to at least one of the aforementioned specific reports or specific RS sets. That is, the base station's transmission to at least one RS can be initiated by triggering / activating a relevant specific report and / or specific RS set.

[0216] Regarding the above Figure 9 The process involves configuring the set of RSs that send information from the UE to the base station to be associated with a specific report or at least one of the specific RS sets. The timing can be set / defined to be associated with a timing point (e.g., the corresponding timing itself or a timing obtained by adding a specific time offset to the corresponding timing).

[0217] Timing 1) Timing for sending information about the RS set in step S910

[0218] Timing 2) After sending information for the RS set in step S910, the base station sends the timing of at least one RS belonging to the RS set.

[0219] Timing 3) The base station performs timing of feedback (e.g., acknowledgment / ACK message) in response to the transmission of information for the RS set in step S910.

[0220] Timing 4) After the base station performs the feedback timing in response to the transmission of information for the RS set in step S910, the base station transmits the timing of at least one RS belonging to the RS set.

[0221] In addition, the above Figure 9 Beam management during the process can be based on an artificial intelligence (AI) model or a machine learning (ML) model at least one of the UE or the base station. In this case, when beam management is performed based on the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE, the data obtained through at least one RS can be used for training or inference of the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE. That is, in the RS reported / requested by the UE, the RS actually sent by the base station can be used for training / inference of the UE's AI / ML model.

[0222] exist Figure 9 The methods described in the examples can be derived from... Figure 11 The first device (100) is executed. That is, Figure 11 The UE can be implemented as a first device (100). For example, Figure 11One or more processors (102) of the first device (100) may be configured to transmit information to a base station via one or more transceivers (106) for a set of RSs including one or more RSs related to beam management, and to receive from the base station at least one RS included in the set of RSs.

[0223] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store information for execution when carried out by one or more processors (102). Figure 9 The methods described in the examples or the instructions in the examples described later.

[0224] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the operation of a base station in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0225] Reference Figure 10 The base station can receive information from the UE regarding a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RS) (S1010).

[0226] For example, one or more reference signals can be associated with beam management.

[0227] In this regard, based on the UE’s transmission of information for the RS set, the RS set can be configured to be associated with (associated with) at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

[0228] Subsequently, the base station may send at least one RS included in the RS set to the UE (S1020).

[0229] Specific features and references related to the set of RSs (i.e., reports / requests) sent from the UE to the base station, specific reports and / or specific RS sets associated with and configured / constructed by that RS set, transmission of RSs included in that RS set, associations and configuration / construction related to that RS set, beam management, etc. Figure 9 The descriptions are the same, and therefore redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0230] exist Figure 10 The methods described in the examples can be derived from... Figure 11 The second device (200) is executed. That is, Figure 10 The base station can be implemented as a second device (200). For example, Figure 11 One or more processors (202) of the second device (200) may be configured to receive information from the UE via one or more transceivers (206) about a set of RSs including one or more RSs related to beam management, and to send at least one RS included in the set of RSs to the UE.

[0231] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store information for execution when carried out by one or more processors (202). Figure 10 The methods described in the examples or the instructions in the examples described later.

[0232] In the following text, refer to the above. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The method for configuring / setting the beam measurement RS set associated with / related to the RS set reported / requested by the UE will be described in detail.

[0233] In the following description, the embodiments described herein are for ease of distinction only, and the embodiments may be applied independently, or some configurations and methods of the embodiments may be combined with those of other embodiments or may be applied by substitution.

[0234] Implementation Method 1

[0235] This implementation relates to a method for configuring / setting a set of RSs for a specific report as a set of RSs reported / requested by the UE.

[0236] For example, a specific report may include a specific beam report performed by the UE and / or a specific report used to report another type of information.

[0237] In the above scenario, the set of measurement RSs (or a portion thereof) used for a particular report can be configured / changed to associate with an RS (or a portion thereof) reported / requested by the UE. In this way, the RS (or a portion thereof) reported / requested by the UE can be sent by the base station triggering / activating the report after the UE's report / request. In this case, separate additional RS configuration / indication may not be necessary.

[0238] Therefore, this method reduces the overhead of pre-configuring multiple candidate RS sets, such as via RRC signaling. Furthermore, this method can be more efficient when RS transmission is triggered by report triggering (such as AP CMR / IMR).

[0239] In this respect, the specific report in this embodiment can be a report explicitly assigned by the base station. Furthermore, the method can be applied only to some sets of multiple CMR / IMR sets configured for a single report. As an example, the method can be applied only to the CMR / IMR sets configured / assigned by the base station.

[0240] Furthermore, regarding specific reports in this embodiment, a specific report may have the characteristic that the measurement RS set (or a portion of the measurement RS set) is not configured. For example, the measurement RS set may not be configured for the report, and when the base station triggers / activates the report, all or some of the RSs belonging to the RS set used for the report may be configured as the RS set (or a portion of the RS set) most recently reported / requested by the UE. That is, for specific reports applying the method proposed in this embodiment, the configuration of the RS set used for measurement (e.g., the CMR / IMR set) is omitted, and when the UE sends an execution request / report for the RS, the RS may be configured / constructed as the RS set used for the measurement associated with the specific report.

[0241] Here, the situation where an RS is not configured can include not only the case where the RS ID is not configured, but also the case where the ID corresponding to an invalid RS is configured. As an example, the case where the ID corresponding to an invalid RS is configured can include the case where the RS ID is configured but the resource configuration information (or part thereof) corresponding to that RS ID is configured to not exist, or the case where the resource is configured such that there is no resource element (RE) that is actually occupied.

[0242] Additionally or alternatively, for a specific report in this embodiment, the measurement RS set can be (fully) configured, and the pre-configured measurement RS (or a portion of the measurement RS) used for the specific report can be replaced with the RS set reported / requested by the UE. In this regard, the base station can indicate / configure information to the UE indicating whether the pre-configured measurement RS will be used / maintained or will be replaced with the RS set (or a portion of the RS set) reported / requested by the UE. This information can be indicated / configured after the UE's report / request. This can be understood / interpreted as an ACK / NACK message for the UE's report / request. As an example, the pre-configured measurement RS can be replaced with the RS reported / requested by the UE in the case of ACK, and may not be replaced with the RS reported / requested by the UE in the case of NACK. And / or, in the case of NACK, the measurement RS set to be used / applied (e.g., the default beam RS set) can be configured separately from the report configuration. And / or, in the case of NACK, the most recent measurement RS set can be maintained.

[0243] Implementation Method 2

[0244] This implementation relates to a method for configuring / setting a specific set of measurement RSs as a set of RSs reported / requested by the UE.

[0245] Specifically, when a UE reports / requests a set of RSs, some resources in the CMR / IMR resources (set) can be configured as RS resources (or include the RS resources) corresponding to (or a portion of) the set of RSs reported / requested by the UE. In the case of this approach, when the SP CMR / IMR is activated, there is no need to pre-configure the CMR / IMR set for various combinations that the UE can report / request via RRC signaling, thus reducing associated overhead.

[0246] In this respect, the method can be set / defined to apply only to the CMR / IMR set configured / specified individually by the base station.

[0247] Regarding the proposed scheme in this embodiment, the measurement RS set (e.g., CMR / IMR set) to which this scheme is applied may have all or some of the unconfigured characteristics of the N RSs in the set. Here, the unconfigured RS situation can include not only the case where the RS ID is not configured, but also the case where the ID corresponding to an invalid RS is configured. As an example, the case where the ID corresponding to an invalid RS is configured can include the case where the RS ID is configured but the resource configuration information (or a part thereof) corresponding to that RS ID is configured to not exist, or the resource is configured such that there are no substantially occupied resource elements (REs).

[0248] Additionally or alternatively, regarding the method proposed in this embodiment, the measurement RS set can be (fully) configured, and pre-configured measurement RSs (or a portion of measurement RSs) can be replaced with the RS set reported / requested by the UE. In this regard, the base station can indicate / configure information to the UE indicating whether the pre-configured measurement RSs are used / maintained or will be replaced with the RS set reported / requested by the UE (or a portion of the RS set). This information can be indicated / configured after the UE's report / request. This can be understood / interpreted as an ACK / NACK message for the UE's report / request. As an example, pre-configured measurement RSs can be replaced with RSs reported / requested by the UE in the case of ACK, and may not be replaced with RSs reported / requested by the UE in the case of NACK. And / or, in the case of NACK, the measurement RS set to be used / applied (e.g., the default beam RS set) can be configured separately from the reporting configuration. And / or, in the case of NACK, the most recent measurement RS set can be maintained.

[0249] Additionally, regarding the measurement RS set, the proposed scheme in this embodiment can be applied not only to units configured for specific purposes (e.g., CSI, BM, etc.) such as CMR / IMR, but also to IDs used for CSI-RS resources (e.g., global ID, etc.).

[0250] For example, among 64 NZP CSI-RS resources, the base station can assign corresponding information to only 60 NZP CSI-RS resources (e.g., NZP CSI-RS IDs 0 to 59), and can define / configure the remaining 4 NZP CSI-RS resources (e.g., NZP CSI-RS IDs 60 to 63) in association with UE reports / requests. As an example, for the resource information (e.g., sequence, RE location, density, etc.) corresponding to NZP CSI-RS IDs 60 to 63, the resource information corresponding to the resources in NZP CSI-RS IDs 0 to 59 that correspond to the UE's report / request can be redundantly applied. When using the correspondence method, if the associated measurement RS set is configured as NZP CSI-RS IDs 60 to 63 for a certain report configuration, the ID of the NZP CSI-RS resource included in the CMR / IMR remains unchanged, but the actual resource information corresponding to that ID can be changed in association with the UE's report / request. Furthermore, even when only a single CMR / IMR is triggered, the set of CMRs / IMRs to be triggered in association with a UE report / request can be configured with the aforementioned NZP CSI-RS IDs 60 to 63.

[0251] Implementation Method 3

[0252] This implementation relates to a scheme in which, with respect to the above-described implementation 1 and / or implementation 2, the main RS set is configured as a potential measurement set, and only the RSs (or a portion thereof) included in the UE's request / report information are configured as the actual measurement set.

[0253] For example, regarding the scheme described in Implementation 1, the primary RS set can be configured as a (potential) CMR / IMR set, and the actual CMR / IMR set can be updated based on the UE's report / request.

[0254] In this regard, the base station can indicate to the UE the actual RS in the primary RS set (e.g., the actual CMR in the primary CMR set) via a bitmap or resource ID. Additionally or alternatively, the RS reported / requested by the UE (i.e., the RS set) can be activated as the actual measured RS by the base station sending an acknowledgment / ACK message in response to the UE's report / request.

[0255] In the above method, the size of the RS-related fields (e.g., CMR / IMR ID-related fields) reported / requested by the UE can be smaller than the size required to include all RSs in the (potential) RS set (e.g., CMR / IMR set). As an example, the number of configured CRI / SSBRI bits can be less than the minimum number of bits required to include all configured RSs (e.g., CMRs). In this case, the UE can determine that the corresponding report is (still) invalid. Alternatively, in this case, the RS set (e.g., CMR / IMR set) can be configured based on the number of bits in the configured RS-related fields (e.g., CMR / IMR ID-related fields) according to pre-configured / defined rules. As an example, the CMR set can be configured by selecting CMRs in the order they are configured. Alternatively, the size of the RS-related fields (e.g., CMR / IMR ID-related fields) can be defined based on the number of RSs reported / requested by the UE.

[0256] When applying the method in this embodiment, RSs included in the main RS set (i.e., the potential measurement set) but not included in the actual measurement set and therefore not triggered / activated (i.e., invalid RSs) can be RSs that the base station did not actually transmit. Therefore, the base station can notify the UE of whether the corresponding RS was actually transmitted. Additionally or alternatively, for a (not transmitted) corresponding RS, the UE can be configured / defined to determine that no overlap occurs, even if the base station transmits another channel / RS in the corresponding symbol.

[0257] Implementation Method 4

[0258] This embodiment relates to a method for limiting the number of RSs configured / constructed in association with a particular report or a particular set of measurement RSs for the purposes of the embodiments described above (e.g., Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and / or Embodiment 3).

[0259] That is, it can be set / defined such that only all or some of the RS sets reported / requested by the UE are associated with a specific report or a specific measurement RS set. As an example, the RSs that can be configured / constructed in association with a specific report or a specific measurement RS set can be configured as the number of RSs set by the base station according to the order of the highest RSRP / SINR.

[0260] In this regard, regarding the method described in Implementation 1, the number of RSs reported / requested by the UE that are added / replaced for a measurement RS set (e.g., a CMR / IMR set) can be limited based on the payload size of the reporting information field. For example, in beam reporting, the size of the CRI / SSBRI field can be determined by the total number of CMRs. In this case, when the number of RSs reported / requested by the UE or the total number of CMRs added through reporting / requesting exceeds the maximum number specified by the CRI / SSBRI field, it can be set / defined such that only some of the RSs reported / requested by the UE are added according to the limitation.

[0261] Implementation Method 5

[0262] This embodiment relates to a method for defining the application start timing for operations proposed in this disclosure for the above embodiments (e.g., Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and / or Embodiment 4).

[0263] That is, the application start time of the operation configured in association with the set of RSs (recently) reported / requested by the UE can be defined as one of the following schemes.

[0264] (Scheme 1) The application start timing of the operation can be defined as the timing of the UE's report / request (or the timing after a specific time elapsed from the timing of the UE's report / request). For example, the application start timing of the operation can be the timing obtained by adding a fixed / configured symbol / slot offset to the last PUCCH / PUSCH symbol / slot used for reporting / requesting.

[0265] (Scheme 2) The application start timing of the operation can be defined as the first transmission timing based on the RS set after the timing of the UE's report / request (or the timing after a specific time elapsed from the timing of the UE's report / request). Here, the first transmission timing based on the RS set refers to the transmission timing of the first RS transmitted by the base station among the RSs reported / requested by the UE.

[0266] (Scheme 3) The application start timing of the operation can be defined as the timing at which the base station acknowledges / ACKs the UE's report / request (or the timing after a specific time elapsed from the timing of the base station's acknowledgment / ACK of the UE's report / request). In this regard, when the UE's report / request is sent via UCI, UCI loss may occur, and therefore the base station may need to send an acknowledgment / ACK message. For example, the application start timing of the operation can be obtained by adding a fixed / configured symbol / slot offset to the last PUCCH / PUSCH symbol / slot of the acknowledgment / ACK of the UE's report / request.

[0267] (Scheme 4) The application start timing of the operation can be defined as the first transmission timing based on the RS set after the timing of the base station's acknowledgment / ACK of the report / request to the UE (or the timing after a specific time elapsed from the timing of the base station's acknowledgment / ACK of the report / request to the UE). Here, the first transmission timing based on the RS set refers to the transmission timing of the first RS transmitted by the base station among the RSs reported / requested by the UE.

[0268] Additionally or alternatively, with respect to the above-described embodiments of this disclosure (e.g., Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, and / or Embodiment 5), predefined AP / SP beam reporting trigger messages, SP beam activation messages, etc., can be used as acknowledgment / ACK messages for reports / requests to the UE. This can be used to perform subsequent beam management procedures based on the UE's reports / requests.

[0269] Additionally or alternatively, although the proposed method of this disclosure has been described as a beam RS configuration method based on the UE’s beam report / request, this is only a representative example, and the proposed method of this disclosure can be extended and applied to CSI reports / requests, RRM / mobility-related reports / requests, etc., in addition to beam reports / requests.

[0270] The general apparatus disclosed herein can be used.

[0271] Figure 11 A block diagram illustrating a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0272] Reference Figure 11 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit and receive wireless signals through a variety of radio access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G).

[0273] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.

[0274] For example, processor 102 can process information in memory 104 to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via transceiver 106. Alternatively, processor 102 can receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via transceiver 106, and then store the information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in memory 104.

[0275] Memory 104 may be connected to processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of processor 102. For example, memory 104 may store software code including commands for performing all or part of the processing controlled by processor 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Transceiver 106 may be connected to processor 102 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. Transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 106 may be used with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In this disclosure, wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0276] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may generate third information / signals by processing information in the memories 204, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers 206. Additionally, the processors 202 may receive wireless signals including fourth information / signals via the transceivers 206, and then store information obtained through signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memories 204. The memories 204 may be connected to the processors 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processors 202. For example, the memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing all or part of the processing controlled by the processors 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Transceiver 206 may be connected to processor 202 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. Transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 206 may be used with an RF unit. In this disclosure, wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0277] The hardware components of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. However, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more PDUs (Protocol Data Units) and / or one or more SDUs (Service Data Units) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts included in this disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure. One or more processors 102, 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the functions, processes, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure, to provide them to one or more transceivers 106, 206. One or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206, and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.

[0278] One or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), one or more DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), one or more DSPDs (Digital Signal Processing Devices), one or more PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), or one or more FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) may be included in one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, processes, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102, 202, or may be stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and driven by one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure can be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands and / or command sets.

[0279] One or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 and may store data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands in various forms. One or more memories 104, 204 may be configured with ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104, 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102, 202. Furthermore, one or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0280] One or more transceivers 106, 206 can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts of this disclosure to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108, 208, and one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein via one or more antennas 108, 208. In this disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert received wireless signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102, 202. One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. Therefore, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0281] The above embodiments combine the elements and features of this disclosure in a predetermined form. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each element or feature should be considered optional. Each element or feature may be implemented without being combined with other elements or features. Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure may include combinations of some elements and / or features. The order of operations described in embodiments of this disclosure may be changed. Some elements or features of one embodiment may be included in other embodiments, or may be replaced by corresponding elements or features of other embodiments. Obviously, embodiments may include claims that are not explicitly referenced in the claims, or may be included as new claims after the application has been amended.

[0282] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure may be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its essential characteristics. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as restrictive in every respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of this disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all variations within the equivalent scope of this disclosure are included within its scope.

[0283] The scope of this disclosure includes software or machine-executable commands (e.g., operating systems, applications, firmware, programs, etc.) that operate in a device or computer according to methods of various embodiments, as well as non-transitory computer-readable media that cause software or commands to be stored and executable in a device or computer. Commands that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in this disclosure can be stored in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and the features described in this disclosure can be implemented by using a computer program product including such a storage medium. The storage medium may include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state storage devices, and may include non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. The memory may optionally include one or more storage devices located remotely from the processor. The memory, or alternatively, the non-volatile memory devices in the memory include non-transitory computer-readable storage media. The features described in this disclosure can be stored in any machine-readable medium to control the hardware of a processing system and can be integrated into software and / or firmware that allows the processing system to interact with other mechanisms using the results of embodiments of this disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0284] The wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication, as well as LTE, NR, and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, implemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (Enhanced Machine-Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least any of various standards, including 1) LTE Cat 0; 2) LTE Cat M1; 3) LTE Cat M2; 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited); 5) LTE-MTC; 6) LTE Machine-Type Communication; and / or 7) LTE M, etc., and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may include at least any one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and are not limited to the aforementioned names. For example, ZigBee technology can generate PANs (Personal Area Networks) associated with small / low-power digital communication based on various standards (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4, etc.) and may be referred to by various names.

[0285] Industrial applicability

[0286] The method presented in this disclosure is primarily illustrated based on examples applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems, but it can also be applied to various wireless communication systems other than 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Send information to the base station for a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RSs); as well as Receive at least one RS included in the RS set from the base station. Wherein, based on the information sent by the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The reception of at least one RS is based on configuration information associated with the specific report or at least one of the specific RS set.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The reception of at least one RS is performed based on a trigger or activation associated with the specific report or at least one of the specific RS set.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on one or more measurement RSs configured for measurements associated with the specific report, the set of RSs is configured to replace all or part of the one or more measurement RSs.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Information indicating whether the RS set is configured to replace all or part of the one or more measuring RSs is included in information received from the base station in response to the transmission of the information for the RS set.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration of one or more measurement RSs for measurements related to the specific report is omitted, and the set of RSs is configured as measurement RSs for measurements related to the specific report.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The specific RS set corresponds to at least one of the Channel Measurement Resources (CMR) set or the Interference Measurement Resources (IMR) set individually assigned by the base station.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the fact that the RS set is configured to be associated with the specific RS set, information indicating whether the specific RS set is maintained or replaced by the RS set is included in the information received from the base station in response to the transmission of the information for the RS set.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the RS set being configured to be associated with the specific RS set, the specific RS set corresponding to M Channel State Information (CSI)-RS resources out of N CSI-RS resources configured by the base station for the UE, where M is less than or equal to N, and The M CSI-RS resources are grouped based on at least one of the CSI-RS resource ID or the ID of the CSI-RS resource set.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Information for the RS set is represented based on bitmap information or ID information for RSs included in the higher-level RS set, since the higher-level RS set is configured to be associated with the specific report or at least one of the specific RS sets.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The timing of the RS set being configured to be associated with a specific report or at least one of the specific RS sets is defined as timing associated with any of the following: Timing for sending information to the RS set; After the information for the RS set is transmitted, the base station transmits the timing of the at least one RS. The base station performs timing feedback as a response to the transmission of information in response to the RS set; or After the timing is performed by the base station in response to the transmission of information for the set of RSs, the timing of the at least one RS is transmitted by the base station.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The information for the RS set is transmitted via at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), or UE Capability Information.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The set of RSs, including one or more RSs, is related to beam management, and The beam management is based on an artificial intelligence (AI) model or a machine learning (ML) model at least one of the UE or the base station.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, Based on the beam management, the data obtained through the at least one RS is used for training or inference of the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE based on the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE.

15. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: At least one transceiver; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the at least one transceiver; Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Send information to the base station regarding a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RS); and Receive at least one RS included in the RS set from the base station. Wherein, based on the information sent by the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

16. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Receive information from the user equipment (UE) about a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RSs); as well as Send at least one RS included in the RS set to the UE. Based on the receipt of the information, for the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

17. A base station in a wireless communication system, the base station comprising: At least one transceiver; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the at least one transceiver; Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Receive information from the user equipment (UE) about a set of RSs, including one or more reference signals (RS); and Send at least one RS included in the RS set to the UE. Based on the receipt of the information, for the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

18. A processing apparatus configured to control a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one computer memory, operatively coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions for performing operations when executed by the at least one processor. The operation includes: Sending information to the base station for a set of RSs including one or more reference signals (RS); and Receive at least one RS included in the RS set from the base station. Wherein, based on the information sent by the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

19. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing at least one instruction, wherein, The at least one instruction executed by at least one processor controls the device to perform uplink transmission in the wireless communication system to perform: Sending information to the base station for a set of RSs including one or more reference signals (RS); and Receive at least one RS included in the RS set from the base station. Wherein, based on the information sent by the UE, the RS set is configured to be associated with at least one of a specific report or a specific RS set pre-configured between the base station and the UE.

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