Green targeted fertilizer variable-rate fertilization device capable of reducing fertilization and improving efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilization, in particular to a green targeted fertilizer variable-rate fertilization device capable of reducing application and improving efficiency, which comprises a main frame and a plurality of unit fertilization mechanisms arranged on the rear side of the main frame along the horizontal direction, and each unit fertilization mechanism comprises a unit conveying cylinder; the pumping piston is arranged in the unit conveying cylinder in a sealed and sliding mode and used for executing the pumping action, and the top of the pumping piston is connected with a magnetic traction block through a piston connecting rod. The volume of the pumping cavity is continuously changed through the volume adjusting mechanism, the single-time fertilization amount of each fertilization unit can be set and controlled, fertilization can be carried out on different advancing positions according to fertilization instructions output by an external control system in combination with independently-controlled electromagnetic drive, a traditional uniform fertilization mode is changed, and the fertilization efficiency is improved. Growth requirements of crops can be fully met, excessive use of chemical fertilizer can be reduced, application reduction is achieved from the source, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased through accurate supply to achieve synergism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilization technology, and in particular to a green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device that reduces application and increases efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilization is one of the key links in agricultural production to ensure crop yield and quality. Traditional fertilization devices mostly adopt centralized, large-area uniform spreading or simple furrow application methods. The amount and location of fertilizer application are often fixed or have a limited range of adjustment, making it difficult to achieve precise supply that matches the actual needs of crops. With the deepening of the concepts of green agriculture and sustainable development, the development of precision fertilization technology that reduces fertilizer application and increases efficiency has become an important direction. Among them, targeted fertilizers can intelligently and precisely release nutrients or perform specific functions according to crop needs, soil conditions or environmental changes. However, their effective implementation highly depends on advanced fertilization equipment that can perform variable and location control.

[0003] However, most existing fertilization devices still have significant shortcomings in accurately and flexibly adjusting the amount of fertilizer applied based on complex agronomical needs such as the actual growth differences of crops in the field and the spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients. These devices either rely on the coarse adjustment of the overall flow valve and cannot achieve single-point independent variable adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose a green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device that reduces application and increases efficiency, so as to solve the problem that existing fertilization devices are difficult to precisely adjust the amount of fertilizer according to demand.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device that reduces fertilizer application while increasing efficiency, comprising a main frame and multiple unit fertilization mechanisms arranged horizontally on the rear side of the main frame, each unit fertilization mechanism comprising: Unit conveyor cylinder; A pumping piston is sealed and slidably disposed inside the unit conveying cylinder to perform pumping action, and its top is connected to a magnetic traction block through a piston connecting rod. The electromagnetic linear drive assembly includes a drive guide sleeve coaxially sleeved outside the magnetic traction block and a drive coil surrounding the outer periphery of the drive guide sleeve. When the drive coil is energized, it drives the magnetic traction block to drive the pumping piston to reciprocate within the unit conveying cylinder to periodically suck in and discharge fertilizer. The adjusting piston is sealed and slidably disposed inside the unit conveying cylinder and located below the pumping piston, together with the pumping piston defining a variable volume pumping chamber; And a volume adjustment mechanism, including a volume adjustment motor, a volume adjustment screw driven by the motor, and a volume adjustment sleeve meshing with the volume adjustment screw, wherein the volume adjustment sleeve is connected to the adjustment piston through an outer traction adjustment frame; The volume regulating motor drives the volume regulating screw to rotate, which in turn causes the volume regulating sleeve to move the traction regulating frame and the regulating piston up and down synchronously. This changes the relative position between the regulating piston and the pumping piston, thereby adjusting the volume of the pumping chamber and achieving variable control of the amount of fertilizer applied in a single pumping operation.

[0006] Furthermore, fertilizer output pipe and fertilizer input pipe are respectively provided through the middle two sides of the adjusting piston. A one-way conveying valve is provided in the middle of the fertilizer input pipe. The conveying direction of the one-way conveying valve is limited to from the fertilizer input pipe to the inside of the unit conveying cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the unit conveying cylinder is fixedly provided with a fixed output pipe and a fixed input pipe corresponding to the fertilizer output pipe and the fertilizer input pipe. The fertilizer output pipe and the fertilizer input pipe are respectively nested and slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed output pipe and the fixed input pipe, forming a relatively slidable sealed connection, so that the pipeline remains connected when the adjusting piston moves up and down for adjustment.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical guide cylinder is connected to the rear side of the unit conveying cylinder, and a fertilizer insert is slidably nested inside the vertical guide cylinder. A central conveying pipe is provided inside the fertilizer insert, and multiple conveying openings communicating with the outside are evenly opened around the bottom of its side wall. The central conveying pipe is connected to a fixed output pipe, so that the fertilizer discharged through the fertilizer output pipe can be conveyed to the soil outside the fertilizer insert through the fixed output pipe, the central conveying pipe and the conveying openings.

[0009] Furthermore, a vertical conveying pipe is nested and slidably arranged inside the central conveying pipe. The vertical conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the vertical guide cylinder, and the top end of the vertical conveying pipe is connected to the fixed output pipe. The bottom end of the vertical conveying pipe is provided with a sealing piston, which forms a nested sliding seal connection with the inner wall of the central conveying pipe. A conveying opening is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the sealing piston, so that the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe is connected to the central conveying pipe. A limiting flange is provided around the outer side of the top end of the fertilizer insert, and a vertical reset spring is provided between the limiting flange and the vertical guide cylinder; When the pumping piston moves downward to pump, the pumped liquid fertilizer enters the vertical conveying pipe through the fixed output pipe. The resulting fluid pressure pushes the fertilizer applicator rod to slide downward into the soil, overcoming the elastic force of the vertical return spring. At the same time, the liquid fertilizer is sprayed out through the conveying opening, the central conveying pipe, and the conveying orifice to achieve fertilization. When the pumping piston moves upward, the fluid pressure disappears, and the vertical return spring pushes the fertilizer applicator rod to slide upward and return to its original position.

[0010] Furthermore, a horizontal limiting frame is connected to the outer side of the limiting flange, and a vertical guide groove is provided on the side wall of the vertical guide cylinder in the vertical direction. A depth adjusting screw is provided on the outer side of the vertical guide groove, and a depth adjusting motor is connected to the shaft end of the depth adjusting screw. A limit adjustment frame is fitted and slidably disposed in the vertical guide groove, and a depth adjustment sleeve is disposed at the center of the frame to mesh with the depth adjustment screw. A limit buffer sleeve is disposed above the limit adjustment frame. The horizontal limiting frame is provided with a clearance guide sleeve in the middle, and is nested and slidably sleeved on the depth adjusting screw through the clearance guide sleeve; When the depth adjustment motor drives the depth adjustment screw to rotate, it drives the limit adjustment frame to rise and fall along the vertical guide groove. The limit adjustment frame changes the vertical position of the limit buffer sleeve through the rising and falling movement. The horizontal limit frame abuts against the limit buffer sleeve during the downward movement to limit the downward position, thereby adjusting the downward limit position of the horizontal limit frame and the fertilizer insertion rod, and realizing the adjustment of the insertion depth of the fertilizer insertion rod into the soil.

[0011] Furthermore, a translational guide frame is provided on the rear side of the unit conveying cylinder, and a sliding connecting frame is slidably fitted in the middle of the translational guide frame. The vertical guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding connecting frame, thereby forming a horizontal sliding connection with the translational guide frame through the sliding connecting frame. A traction return spring is provided on the front side of the sliding connecting frame, and its two ends are respectively connected to the translational guide frame and the sliding connecting frame.

[0012] Furthermore, a vertical guide sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical guide cylinder, and the fertilizer insert is nested and slidably installed inside the vertical guide sleeve. An annular scraper is installed below the vertical guide sleeve, and the inner ring of the annular scraper slides in cooperation with the outer surface of the fertilizer insert. An annular conveying pipe is fixedly installed around the outer side of the annular scraper, and multiple conveying nozzles are evenly arranged around the middle of the annular conveying pipe. An auxiliary conveying hose is connected to the outer side of the annular conveying pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a unit fertilizer applicator is provided on the outer side of the unit conveying cylinder, and a horizontal connecting frame is provided on the rear side of the main frame. A connecting groove is provided in the middle of the horizontal connecting frame along its length direction. A connecting slider is provided on the front side of the unit fertilizer applicator. The unit fertilizer applicator is fitted into the connecting groove through the connecting slider and forms a horizontal sliding connection with the horizontal connecting frame. Multiple unit fertilizer racks are arranged along the length of the horizontal connecting frame and can slide independently along the connecting groove to adjust their horizontal position and adjacent spacing. A locking mechanism is provided on the connecting slider to lock the unit fertilizer rack that has slid to the target position onto the horizontal connecting frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes: A locking rotating sleeve is provided on the connecting slider; Multiple locking grooves are evenly distributed in the middle of the connecting groove along its length. A positioning locking pin is rotatably positioned in the middle of the locking rotating sleeve, and an adjustment knob extends from its top. The positioning locking pin has an unlocking clearance groove in the middle; Specifically, by adjusting the knob to rotate the positioning locking pin, when the opening of the unlocking clearance groove is aligned with the opening of the fitting locking groove, the connecting slider is in the unlocked state and can slide along the connecting groove. When the opening of the unlocking clearance groove is misaligned with the opening of the fitting locking groove, the physical part of the positioning locking pin engages with the fitting locking groove, locking the connecting slider in the current position.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: As can be seen from the above description, the present invention provides a green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device that reduces fertilizer application and increases efficiency. By continuously changing the volume of the pumping chamber through a volume adjustment mechanism, the single application amount of each fertilization unit can be set and controlled. Combined with independently controlled electromagnetic drive, it can apply fertilizer as needed to each position point in the process according to a preset prescription map or real-time sensor information. This changes the traditional uniform fertilization mode, which can not only fully meet the needs of crop growth, but also reduce the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, thereby reducing fertilizer application from the source. Furthermore, it improves fertilizer utilization efficiency through precise supply, thus increasing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a unit fertilizer applicator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the locking rotating sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization state of the unit fertilizer applicator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the unit conveying cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the unit conveying cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pumping piston according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting piston according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the translational guide frame according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical guide tube according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical guide groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical guide cylinder in the fertilization state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fertilizer applicator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The diagram is marked as follows: 1. Main frame; 101. Horizontal connecting frame; 102. Connecting slide; 103. Fitting locking groove; 2. Unit fertilizer applicator; 201. Connecting slider; 202. Locking rotating sleeve; 203. Positioning locking pin; 204. Unlocking clearance groove; 205. Adjusting knob; 207. Translation guide frame; 208. Traction return spring; 3. Unit conveying cylinder; 301. Piston guide sleeve; 302. Traction adjusting frame; 303. Volume adjusting screw sleeve; 304. Volume adjusting screw; 305. Volume adjusting motor; 4. Pumping piston; 401. Piston connecting rod; 402. Piston buffer spring; 403. Magnetic traction block; 404. Drive guide sleeve; 405. Drive coil; 5. Adjusting piston; 501. Fertilizer output pipe; 502. Fixed output pipe; 50 3. Fertilizer input pipe; 504. One-way conveying valve; 505. Fixed input pipe; 6. Vertical guide cylinder; 601. Sliding connecting frame; 602. Vertical guide sleeve; 603. Annular scraper; 604. Annular conveying pipe; 605. Conveying nozzle; 606. Auxiliary conveying hose; 7. Vertical guide groove; 701. Depth adjusting screw; 702. Depth adjusting motor; 703. Limit adjusting frame; 704. Depth adjusting screw sleeve; 705. Limit buffer sleeve; 8. Vertical conveying pipe; 801. Sealed piston; 802. Conveying opening; 803. Fertilizer conveying hose; 9. Fertilizer insertion rod; 901. Central conveying pipe; 902. Conveying opening; 903. Limiting flange; 904. Vertical return spring; 905. Horizontal limit frame; 906. Yield guide sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a variable-rate fertilization device for green targeted fertilizers that reduces application and increases efficiency includes a main frame 1 and multiple unit fertilization mechanisms arranged horizontally behind the main frame 1. Each unit fertilization mechanism includes: Unit conveyor cylinder 3; The pumping piston 4 is sealed and slidably disposed inside the unit conveying cylinder 3 to perform pumping action. A magnetic traction block 403 is connected to its top via a piston connecting rod 401. The electromagnetic linear drive assembly includes a drive guide sleeve 404 coaxially sleeved outside the magnetic traction block 403 and a drive coil 405 surrounding the outer periphery of the drive guide sleeve 404. When the drive coil 405 is energized, it drives the magnetic traction block 403 to drive the pumping piston 4 to reciprocate within the unit conveying cylinder 3 to periodically suck in and discharge fertilizer. Adjusting piston 5 is sealed and slidably disposed inside unit conveying cylinder 3 and located below pumping piston 4, together with pumping piston 4 defining a variable volume pumping chamber; And a volume adjustment mechanism, including a volume adjustment motor 305, a volume adjustment screw 304 driven by the motor, and a volume adjustment sleeve 303 meshing with the volume adjustment screw 304. The volume adjustment sleeve 303 is connected to the adjustment piston 5 through the outer traction adjustment frame 302. The volume regulating motor 305 drives the volume regulating screw 304 to rotate, which causes the volume regulating sleeve 303 to drive the traction regulating frame 302 and the regulating piston 5 to rise and fall synchronously, thereby changing the relative position between the regulating piston 5 and the pumping piston 4, so as to adjust the volume of the pumping chamber and realize variable control of the amount of fertilizer applied in a single pumping.

[0022] In this embodiment, the device uses the main frame 1 as its supporting foundation. Multiple horizontally arranged unit fertilization mechanisms at the rear are the core units for performing the fertilization function. The core of each unit fertilization mechanism is a unit conveying cylinder 3. Two pistons are arranged vertically inside the cylinder: an upper pumping piston 4 and a lower adjusting piston 5. The top of the pumping piston 4 is connected to a magnetic traction block 403 via a connecting rod. A piston guide sleeve 301 is provided at the top of the unit conveying cylinder 3. The pumping piston 4 is slidably connected to the piston guide sleeve 301 via the piston connecting rod 401. The magnetic traction block 403 is connected to the connecting rod via a piston buffer spring 402. This traction block is fitted inside a fixedly installed drive guide sleeve 404. A drive coil 405 is wound around the guide sleeve. When the drive coil 405 is energized and de-energized according to a specific timing sequence, a changing magnetic field is generated, driving the magnetic traction block 403, thereby causing the pumping piston 4 to perform precise linear reciprocating motion inside the cylinder, completing the fertilizer absorption and discharge. In order to achieve precise variable control of fertilizer application rate, an adjusting piston 5 is set below the pumping piston 4. The space between these two pistons constitutes the actual pumping chamber for pumping fertilizer. The mechanism for adjusting the volume of this chamber consists of a volume adjusting motor 305, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting sleeve. The adjusting sleeve is connected to the adjusting piston 5 through a traction adjusting frame 302. When it is necessary to change the fertilizer application rate, the volume adjusting motor 305 is started, driving the adjusting screw to rotate, which in turn moves the adjusting sleeve, the traction adjusting frame 302, and the adjusting piston 5 together in the vertical direction. The upward movement of the adjusting piston 5 will reduce the initial volume of the pumping chamber, thereby reducing the amount of fertilizer discharged by the pumping piston 4 in a single stroke. Conversely, the downward movement will increase the volume and increase the amount of fertilizer discharged in a single stroke.This adjustment process can be independently and precisely controlled, achieving stepless variable setting of the single application amount for each fertilization unit. During operation, the pumping piston 4, driven by electromagnetic force, moves upward to generate negative pressure in the pumping chamber, drawing liquid fertilizer from the connected fertilizer input pipe 503. When the piston moves downward, it pushes out a fixed amount of fertilizer from the fertilizer output pipe 501, completing one fertilization operation. By independently controlling the timing of the drive coil 405 and the position of the volume adjustment mechanism for each fertilization unit, differentiated targeted supply of fertilizer type, application amount, and fertilization timing can be achieved according to the crop needs at different locations in the field. Thus, the device continuously changes the volume of the pumping chamber through the volume adjustment mechanism, enabling the setting and control of the single application amount for each fertilization unit. Combined with independently controlled electromagnetic drive, it can adjust the application amount of the moving unit according to the fertilization command output by the external control system. On-demand fertilization at different locations changes the traditional uniform fertilization model. It can fully meet the crop growth needs while reducing the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reducing fertilizer application from the source. It also improves fertilizer utilization efficiency through precise supply, which is in line with the development direction of green agriculture. At the same time, multiple independently controlled unit fertilization mechanisms are arranged horizontally. Each unit can independently adjust the fertilization amount and start / stop, so that the device can accurately fertilize the crop row or individual plant, avoiding waste between rows. It is suitable for intercropping, relay cropping or fields with uneven growth. The fertilization location and amount can be controlled independently. Moreover, each unit fertilization mechanism integrates the driving, pumping and adjustment functions into a relatively independent module. The structure is compact and the modular design makes it easy to install, disassemble and maintain on the main frame 1. It is also easy to add or remove units according to the working width, which helps to improve the system's scalability and maintainability.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, preferably, the device has two dedicated pipes running vertically through the adjusting piston 5: one is a fertilizer output pipe 501, used to discharge a fixed amount of fertilizer, and the other is a fertilizer input pipe 503, used to draw in fertilizer. A one-way valve 504 is integrated into the fertilizer input pipe 503. This valve's opening direction is limited to allowing fertilizer to flow only from the input pipe into the unit conveying cylinder 3, effectively preventing fertilizer from flowing back towards the storage tank during the discharge stroke of the pumping piston 4, thus ensuring pumping efficiency and metering accuracy. The system connects the external fertilizer storage structure to the fertilizer input pipes 503 of each unit via pipelines. Correspondingly installed on the fixed unit conveying cylinder 3... Equipped with fixed output and input pipes, the inner ends of the fertilizer output pipe 501 and fertilizer input pipe 503 carried by the adjusting piston 5 are set with a diameter slightly larger than the corresponding outer diameter of the fixed pipe, so that they can be nested and slidably fitted around the outer periphery of the fixed output pipe 502 and the fixed input pipe 505 respectively. This nesting fit is provided with a sealing element, forming a connection that allows axial relative sliding while ensuring fluid sealing. Therefore, when the adjusting piston 5 slides up and down, the fertilizer delivery channel always remains unobstructed and sealed. Finally, the fertilizer is accurately drawn into the pumping chamber of the unit delivery cylinder 3 through the fixed input pipe 505, the slidably connected fertilizer input pipe 503, and the internal one-way valve.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, preferably, each unit of the fertilization mechanism of the device is provided with a vertical guide cylinder 6 at the rear. A fertilization rod 9, as a direct soil intervention and fertilizer release component, is slidably nested inside the vertical guide cylinder 6 and can move stably up and down along its axial direction. A central delivery pipe 901 is axially connected inside the fertilization rod 9, which forms a channel for fertilizer to flow through the inside of the rod. In the bottom section of the fertilization rod 9 where it is submerged in the soil, multiple delivery openings 902 are evenly arranged around its side wall. These openings connect the internal cavity of the central delivery pipe 901 with the soil environment outside the fertilization rod 9. In the fluid passage, the top inlet of the central delivery pipe 901 is connected to the output pipe fixed on the unit delivery cylinder 3. Thus, when the pumping activity is activated... When the fertilizer is discharged, the precisely metered fertilizer flow passes through the fertilizer output pipe 501 and fixed output pipe 502 of the unit conveying cylinder 3, and enters the central conveying pipe 901 of the fertilization rod 9. Finally, it is radially sprayed or seeped out through multiple conveying openings 902 at the bottom of the rod and is directly delivered to the soil around the target point to complete one fertilization operation. Guided by the vertical guide cylinder 6, the fertilization rod 9 can be inserted vertically and stably into the soil to a predetermined depth. The fertilizer is directly delivered to the lower soil layer near the crop root zone through the independent channel inside the rod. This effectively reduces the volatilization and runoff loss of fertilizer on the soil surface, avoids nutrient loss caused by shallow application, and makes the fertilizer easier for the roots to absorb, thereby improving fertilizer utilization and achieving reduced application and increased efficiency.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, preferably, the insertion action of the fertilizer applicator 9 and the fertilization process are designed to be fluid pressure driven and linked. The core of this design is a vertical delivery pipe 8 fixedly connected to the vertical guide cylinder 6, and a closed piston 801 structure on the fertilizer applicator 9 that cooperates with it. The vertical delivery pipe 8 serves as a fixed pressure and fertilizer delivery channel. Its top end is connected to a fixed output pipe 502 from the pumping unit via a fertilizer delivery hose 803, and its bottom end extends into the internal central delivery pipe 901 of the fertilizer applicator 9. At the bottom end of the vertical delivery pipe 8, a closed piston 801 is installed. The outer edge of the closed piston 801 forms a tight sliding seal with the inner wall of the central delivery pipe 901 of the fertilizer applicator 9, allowing the fertilizer applicator 9 to move relative to the fixed vertical delivery pipe 8. The closed piston 801 slides up and down. A conveying opening 802 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the closed piston 801. The conveying opening 802 allows fluid, i.e., liquid fertilizer, to pass through, but also connects the bottom chamber of the vertical conveying pipe 8 with the chamber of the central conveying pipe 901 inside the fertilizer insert 9. A limiting flange 903 is provided on the outer side of the top of the fertilizer insert 9. A vertical return spring 904 is installed between the limiting flange 903 and the fixed vertical guide cylinder 6 above. In its natural state, the spring keeps the fertilizer insert 9 in the raised position. When the pumping piston 4 moves downward to perform the pumping stroke, the discharged liquid fertilizer, driven by pressure, enters the vertical conveying pipe 8 through the fixed output pipe 502. The pressurized fluid quickly fills the bottom chamber of the vertical conveying pipe 8, and... The fluid pressure acts on the lower surface of the piston through the delivery opening 802 on the bottom of the closed piston 801. Because the closed piston 801 is fixed, this fluid pressure pushes the fertilizer insert 9 in the opposite direction, thereby causing the entire fertilizer insert 9, which is connected to the closed piston 801 via a sliding seal, to overcome the elastic force of the vertical return spring 904 and move downwards until its tip inserts into the soil. Simultaneously, the pressurized liquid fertilizer continuously flows through the delivery opening 802 and enters the central delivery pipe 901 of the fertilizer insert 9, finally spraying out from the side wall opening at its bottom and injecting into the surrounding soil. When the pumping piston 4 completes fertilizer discharge and begins to move upwards, the fluid pressure in the pipe rapidly decreases and tends to balance. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the vertical return spring 904 is released, pushing the fertilizer insert 9... The limiting flange 903 drives the entire fertilizer applicator 9 to slide upwards, smoothly pulling it out of the soil and returning it to its initial raised state, preparing it for the next operating cycle. Thus, the device utilizes the liquid pressure generated by the fertilizer pump itself as the driving force to simultaneously complete the two core actions of inserting the fertilizer applicator 9 into the soil and injecting fertilizer into the soil. There is no need for an additional independent electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic drive device for raising and lowering the applicator, greatly simplifying the overall structure, reducing manufacturing costs and system complexity, and achieving efficient energy reuse. Furthermore, since the downward insertion of the fertilizer applicator 9 is directly driven by the pressure of the fertilizer liquid flow, its insertion process into the soil is essentially synchronized with the start of fertilizer output, ensuring that the fertilizer is accurately delivered to the soil depth reached by the tip of the applicator.This design achieves fertilizer delivery directly to the valve, avoiding depth errors or soil blockage at the outlet that might occur with inserting the valve first and then opening it. The insertion depth is dynamically determined by the balance of fluid pressure, spring stiffness, and soil resistance, ensuring good consistency under the same soil conditions.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, preferably, a horizontally extending horizontal limiting bracket 905 is rigidly connected to the outer side of the limiting flange 903 at the top of the fertilizer insert 9. Simultaneously, a vertical guide groove 7 is machined along the vertical direction on the side wall of the vertical guide cylinder 6. A depth adjusting screw 701 is installed parallel to this guide groove on its outer side. The shaft end of this screw is connected to a depth adjusting motor 702, which can drive it to rotate forward and backward. A limiting adjusting bracket 703, whose shape matches the vertical guide groove 7, is fitted into the guide groove and can slide up and down along it. A depth adjusting sleeve 704 is fixedly installed at the center of the 03, which meshes with the depth adjusting screw 701. Above the limiting adjustment bracket 703, a limiting buffer sleeve 705, made of elastic material such as rubber, is installed. A clearance guide sleeve 906 is fixed in the middle of the horizontal limiting bracket 905. This sleeve is directly nested on the depth adjusting screw 701 and can slide relative to the screw, but it does not rotate with the screw itself. It mainly serves as a vertical guide. When it is necessary to change the fertilization depth, the depth adjusting motor 702 is started to drive the depth adjusting screw 701. Rotation, due to the meshing relationship between the depth adjusting sleeve 704 and the screw, and the fact that the limiting adjusting bracket 703 is restricted to vertical movement by the vertical guide groove 7, the rotation of the screw will be converted into a precise vertical lifting and lowering movement of the limiting adjusting bracket 703 together with the limiting buffer sleeve 705 on it. The vertical position of the limiting buffer sleeve 705 directly determines the downward limit of the horizontal limiting bracket 905. When the fertilizer insert 9 moves downward under the linkage driven by fluid pressure, the horizontal limiting bracket 905 at its top will also descend. Once the horizontal limiting bracket 905 contacts and presses against the limiting buffer sleeve 705 which has been set in the correct position... 05. The downward movement is stopped, and the fertilizer insertion rod 9 reaches the maximum insertion depth. Therefore, by controlling the depth adjustment motor 702, the height of the limit buffer sleeve 705 can be set steplessly and precisely, thereby ultimately controlling the insertion depth of the fertilizer insertion rod 9 into the soil. The entire adjustment process is smooth and precise, and can be set independently for each fertilization unit. This allows the device to flexibly adapt to the root distribution characteristics of different crops and the fertilization depth requirements of different growth stages, or adjust the optimal insertion depth according to the soil texture. This extends precision fertilization from dosage control to spatial position control, improving the accuracy of fertilization.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, preferably, a translational guide frame 207 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the unit conveying cylinder 3. A sliding connecting frame 601 is horizontally slidably fitted into the middle of the translational guide frame 207. The entire vertical guide cylinder 6, including its internal fertilizer insertion rod 9, depth adjustment mechanism, etc., is fixedly installed on this sliding connecting frame 601, so that the entire vertical operation module can be horizontally translated in the front and rear directions relative to the translational guide frame 207 and also relative to the main frame 1 via the sliding connecting frame 601. On the front side of the sliding connecting frame 601, pointing in the direction of travel, is the installation... A traction return spring 208 is provided, with its two ends connected to a fixed translation guide frame 207 and a movable sliding connecting frame 601, respectively. In its natural state, the spring force keeps the sliding connecting frame 601 and the entire vertical working module fixed thereon in the forward extreme position. When the device is continuously moved in the field by agricultural machinery such as tractors, if the fertilization unit's insert rod needs to perform a fertilization action, it will be inserted into the soil under the drive of fluid pressure. At the moment of insertion and during the subsequent fertilization process, due to the soil resistance, the fertilization insert rod 9 and its rigid connection will be affected. The vertical guide cylinder 6 generates a horizontal backward force opposite to the direction of travel. This force overcomes the initial preload of the traction return spring 208, pushing the sliding connecting frame 601, carrying the entire vertical working module, to slide backward a short distance along the translation guide frame 207. This process absorbs and buffers the impact of soil resistance. When fertilization is completed and the pumping pressure is released, the fertilization rod 9 is pulled out of the soil under the action of the return spring, and the horizontal soil resistance acting on it disappears. At this time, the restoring force of the traction return spring 208 begins to play a role, pulling the sliding connecting frame 601 backward. The 01 and the entire vertical working module slide smoothly forward along the translation guide frame 207, returning to the initial forward position, ready for the next working cycle. This allows the fertilizing rod 9 to independently complete the complete cycle of insertion, fertilization, and lifting during the continuous movement of the tractor or other main unit without stopping. When the rod enters the soil, the entire vertical module can temporarily retreat relative to the main unit to adapt to the resistance. After being pulled out, it can automatically catch up and return to its original position. This avoids the traditional mode of pausing or intermittently moving for each fertilization action of the fertilizer applicator, eliminates the efficiency loss and time waste caused by frequent start-stop, and improves fertilization efficiency.

[0028] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, preferably, a vertical guide sleeve 602 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vertical guide cylinder 6. The fertilizer insertion rod 9 slides through the guide sleeve. Directly below the vertical guide sleeve 602, an annular scraper 603 is fitted. The inner ring diameter of the scraper is tightly fitted with the outer diameter of the fertilizer insertion rod 9, and the two form a sliding contact. Its main function is that when the fertilizer insertion rod 9 is pulled upward from the soil, the soil, stubble, and other debris attached to its surface will be scraped off by the inner ring edge of the annular scraper 603, thereby keeping the rod body clean and preventing debris from being carried into the precision guide mechanism above. In addition, the annular scraper... On the outer side of plate 603, a ring-shaped conveying pipe 604 is coaxially fixedly installed. On the ring-shaped conveying pipe 604, multiple conveying nozzles 605 are evenly distributed along its circumference. The ring-shaped conveying pipe 604 can be connected to an external water source or liquid material supply system, such as irrigation water, liquid pesticides, biostimulants, etc., through an auxiliary conveying hose 606 connected to the outside. During fertilization, a small amount of clean water can be sprayed to promote fertilizer dissolution and infiltration, realizing water-fertilizer coupling. At the same time, it can be used to rinse and clean the pole body, or to carry out local irrigation, spray soil disinfectant or insecticide when needed, which helps to improve the flexibility of the device.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, preferably, a horizontal connecting frame 101 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the main frame 1 of the device. A continuous connecting groove 102 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the middle part of the horizontal connecting frame 101. Each independent unit fertilizer rack 2 has a connecting slider 201 on its side near the main frame 1. By embedding this connecting slider 201 into the connecting groove 102, each unit fertilizer rack 2 forms a horizontal sliding connection with the horizontal connecting frame 101 that can slide freely along its length. Thus, multiple unit fertilizer racks 2 can be arranged in a line along the length of the horizontal connecting frame 101, and the operator can independently slide each unit according to the actual row spacing of the crops in the field. Each unit fertilizer applicator 2 is adjusted to be positioned above the corresponding crop row, and the distance between adjacent unit fertilizer applicators 2 is precisely set to match agronomic requirements. To ensure that the adjusted position is stable and reliable during operation, a locking mechanism is integrated on each connecting slider 201. The core of the locking mechanism includes a locking rotating sleeve 202 fixed on the connecting slider 201 and a positioning locking pin 203 that can rotate within the sleeve. The top of the positioning locking pin 203 is provided with an adjustment knob 205 for manual operation. In the middle of the connecting slide groove 102 of the horizontal connecting frame 101, multiple fitting locking grooves 103 are evenly machined along its length. The positioning locking pin 203 has an unlocking clearance groove 204 machined in the middle section. When the position of the unit fertilizer rack 2 needs to be adjusted, the adjusting knob 205 is rotated to make the positioning locking pin 203 rotate until the unlocking clearance groove 204 on its side is directly aligned with the opening of a certain fitting locking groove 103 in the connecting slide 102. At this time, the physical part of the positioning locking pin 203 is released from the constraint of the slide side wall, and the connecting slider 201 is in the unlocked state and can slide freely. When the unit fertilizer rack 2 slides to the target position, that is, when its connecting slider 201 reaches directly above a certain fitting locking groove 103, the adjusting knob 205 is rotated in the opposite direction to make the positioning locking pin 203 rotate approximately 90°. At 0 degrees, the opening direction of the unlocking clearance groove 204 deviates from the fitting locking groove 103. At this time, the solid cylindrical part of the positioning locking pin 203, that is, the non-grooved part, will be embedded in the fitting locking groove 103, just like a movable pin inserted into a fixing hole. This will firmly lock the connecting slider 201 and the entire unit fertilizer rack 2 in the current position of the horizontal connecting frame 101, preventing accidental displacement during operation. Through simple sliding and locking operations, the horizontal position of each fertilizer unit can be freely and accurately configured according to the planting row spacing of different crops, so that a device can flexibly adapt to multiple planting modes, improving the versatility and utilization of the equipment.

[0030] The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device provided by this invention reduces fertilizer application while increasing efficiency. Through a volume adjustment mechanism, it continuously changes the volume of the pumping chamber, enabling the setting and control of the single-application amount for each fertilization unit. Combined with independently controlled electromagnetic drive, it can apply fertilizer as needed to different locations during its journey based on fertilization instructions output by an external control system. This changes the traditional uniform fertilization model, fully meeting crop growth needs while reducing excessive fertilizer use, achieving fertilizer reduction at the source, and increasing efficiency through precise supply to improve fertilizer utilization. Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples. Within the framework of this invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A variable-rate fertilization device for green targeted fertilizer that reduces application and increases efficiency, comprising a main frame (1) and multiple unit fertilization mechanisms arranged horizontally on the rear side of the main frame (1), characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned unit fertilizer application mechanisms includes: Unit conveyor cylinder (3); The pumping piston (4) is sealed and slidably disposed inside the unit conveying cylinder (3) for performing pumping action. A magnetic traction block (403) is connected to its top through the piston connecting rod (401). The electromagnetic linear drive assembly includes a drive guide sleeve (404) coaxially sleeved outside the magnetic traction block (403) and a drive coil (405) surrounding the outer periphery of the drive guide sleeve (404). When the drive coil (405) is energized, it drives the magnetic traction block (403) to drive the pumping piston (4) to reciprocate within the unit conveying cylinder (3) to periodically suck in and discharge fertilizer. The adjusting piston (5) is sealed and slidably disposed inside the unit conveying cylinder (3) and located below the pumping piston (4), together with the pumping piston (4) defining a variable volume pumping chamber; And a volume adjustment mechanism, including a volume adjustment motor (305), a volume adjustment screw (304) driven by the motor, and a volume adjustment sleeve (303) meshing with the volume adjustment screw (304), wherein the volume adjustment sleeve (303) is connected to the adjustment piston (5) through an outer traction adjustment bracket (302); The volume regulating motor (305) drives the volume regulating screw (304) to rotate, causing the volume regulating sleeve (303) to drive the traction regulating frame (302) and the regulating piston (5) to rise and fall synchronously, thereby changing the relative position between the regulating piston (5) and the pumping piston (4) to adjust the volume of the pumping chamber and realize variable control of the amount of fertilizer applied in a single pumping operation.

2. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting piston (5) has a fertilizer output pipe (501) and a fertilizer input pipe (503) respectively through its middle two sides. A one-way conveying valve (504) is provided in the middle of the fertilizer input pipe (503). The conveying direction of the one-way conveying valve (504) is limited to from the fertilizer input pipe (503) to the inside of the unit conveying cylinder (3).

3. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unit conveying cylinder (3) is fixedly provided with a fixed output pipe (502) and a fixed input pipe (505) corresponding to the fertilizer output pipe (501) and the fertilizer input pipe (503). The fertilizer output pipe (501) and the fertilizer input pipe (503) are respectively nested and slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed output pipe (502) and the fixed input pipe (505) to form a relatively slidable sealed connection, so that the pipeline remains connected when the adjusting piston (5) moves up and down for adjustment.

4. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 3, characterized in that, A vertical guide cylinder (6) is connected to the rear side of the unit conveying cylinder (3). A fertilizer insertion rod (9) is nested and slidably arranged inside the vertical guide cylinder (6). A central conveying pipe (901) is arranged inside the fertilizer insertion rod (9). Multiple conveying openings (902) communicating with the outside are evenly opened around the bottom of its side wall. The central conveying pipe (901) is connected to the fixed output pipe (502), so that the fertilizer discharged through the fertilizer output pipe (501) is conveyed to the soil outside the fertilizer insertion rod (9) through the fixed output pipe (502), the central conveying pipe (901) and the conveying openings (902).

5. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 4, characterized in that, A vertical conveying pipe (8) is nested and slidably arranged inside the central conveying pipe (901). The vertical conveying pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the vertical guide cylinder (6), and the top end of the vertical conveying pipe (8) is connected to the fixed output pipe (502). The bottom end of the vertical conveying pipe (8) is provided with a closed piston (801), which forms a nested sliding seal connection with the inner wall of the central conveying pipe (901). A conveying opening (802) is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the closed piston (801), so that the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe (8) is connected to the central conveying pipe (901). The top outer side of the fertilizer insertion rod (9) is provided with a limiting flange (903), and a vertical return spring (904) is provided between the limiting flange (903) and the vertical guide cylinder (6); When the pumping piston (4) moves downward to pump, the pumped liquid fertilizer enters the vertical conveying pipe (8) through the fixed output pipe (502). The generated fluid pressure acts on and pushes the fertilizer insert (9) to overcome the elastic force of the vertical return spring (904) and slide downward to insert into the soil. At the same time, the liquid fertilizer is sprayed out through the conveying opening (802), the central conveying pipe (901) and the conveying opening (902) to achieve fertilization. When the pumping piston (4) moves upward, the fluid pressure disappears, and the vertical return spring (904) pushes the fertilizer insert (9) to slide upward to return to its original position.

6. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 5, characterized in that, A horizontal limiting frame (905) is connected to the outer side of the limiting flange (903). A vertical guide groove (7) is provided on the side wall of the vertical guide cylinder (6) in the vertical direction. A depth adjusting screw (701) is provided on the outer side of the vertical guide groove (7). A depth adjusting motor (702) is connected to the shaft end of the depth adjusting screw (701). A limit adjustment bracket (703) is fitted and slidably disposed in the vertical guide groove (7), and a depth adjustment sleeve (704) is disposed at its center to mesh with the depth adjustment screw (701). A limit buffer sleeve (705) is disposed above the limit adjustment bracket (703). The horizontal limiting frame (905) is provided with a clearance guide sleeve (906) in the middle, and the clearance guide sleeve (906) is nested and slidably sleeved on the depth adjusting screw (701). When the depth adjustment motor (702) drives the depth adjustment screw (701) to rotate, it drives the limit adjustment frame (703) to rise and fall along the vertical guide groove (7). The limit adjustment frame (703) changes the vertical position of the limit buffer sleeve (705) through the lifting and lowering movement. The horizontal limit frame (905) abuts against the limit buffer sleeve (705) during the downward movement to limit the downward position, thereby adjusting the downward limit position of the horizontal limit frame (905) and the fertilizer insertion rod (9) to realize the adjustment of the insertion depth of the fertilizer insertion rod (9) into the soil.

7. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 6, characterized in that, A translation guide frame (207) is provided on the rear side of the unit conveying cylinder (3). A sliding connecting frame (601) is slidably fitted in the middle of the translation guide frame (207). The vertical guide cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the sliding connecting frame (601), thereby forming a horizontal sliding connection between the sliding connecting frame (601) and the translation guide frame (207). A traction return spring (208) is provided on the front side of the sliding connecting frame (601), with its two ends connected to the translation guide frame (207) and the sliding connecting frame (601) respectively.

8. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that, A vertical guide sleeve (602) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical guide cylinder (6). The fertilizer insert (9) is nested and slidably installed inside the vertical guide sleeve (602). An annular scraper (603) is installed below the vertical guide sleeve (602). The inner ring of the annular scraper (603) slides and engages with the outer surface of the fertilizer insert (9). An annular conveying pipe (604) is fixedly installed around the outer side of the annular scraper (603). Multiple conveying nozzles (605) are evenly arranged around the middle of the annular conveying pipe (604). An auxiliary conveying hose (606) is connected to the outer side of the annular conveying pipe (604).

9. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that, A unit fertilizer applicator (2) is provided on the outer side of the unit conveying cylinder (3), and a horizontal connecting frame (101) is provided on the rear side of the main frame (1). A connecting groove (102) is provided in the middle of the horizontal connecting frame (101) along its length direction. A connecting slider (201) is provided on the front side of the unit fertilizer applicator (2). The unit fertilizer applicator (2) is fitted into the connecting groove (102) through the connecting slider (201) and forms a horizontal sliding connection with the horizontal connecting frame (101). Multiple unit fertilizer racks (2) are arranged along the length of the horizontal connecting frame (101) and can slide independently along the connecting slide (102) to adjust their horizontal position and adjacent spacing. A locking mechanism is provided on the connecting slider (201) to lock the unit fertilizer rack (2) that has slid to the target position onto the horizontal connecting frame (101).

10. The green targeted fertilizer variable fertilization device for reducing fertilizer application and increasing efficiency according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes: A locking rotating sleeve (202) is provided on the connecting slider (201); Multiple locking grooves (103) are evenly provided in the middle of the connecting groove (102) along the length direction of the connecting groove (102); A positioning locking pin (203) is rotatably fitted in the middle of the locking rotating sleeve (202), and an adjustment knob (205) extends from its top. The positioning locking pin (203) has an unlocking clearance groove (204) in the middle; When the positioning locking pin (203) is rotated by adjusting the knob (205), the connecting slider (201) is in the unlocked state and can slide along the connecting slide groove (102) when the opening of the unlocking clearance groove (204) is aligned with the opening of the fitting locking groove (103). When the opening of the unlocking clearance groove (204) is misaligned with the opening of the fitting locking groove (103), the solid part of the positioning locking pin (203) is fitted with the fitting locking groove (103), locking the connecting slider (201) in the current position.

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