Chinese orchid bud-promoting and seedling-raising method and bud-promoting and seedling-raising system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bud promoting and seedling raising, and discloses a Chinese orchid bud promoting and seedling raising method, which is characterized in that three radial cutting lines forming 120-degree included angles with one another are manufactured along the longitudinal axis direction of a pseudobulb by cutting from the base of an epiphytic leaf at the top end of the pseudobulb of an orchid seedling. The cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (1t; 1 / 3 of the radius of the pseudobulb). While the pseudobulb is effectively stimulated to generate calluses and germinate new buds, the original vascular bundle system, leaf buds and root bases of the pseudobulb are protected from structural damage to the greatest extent. The incision can absorb hormone more easily, and the germination rate is increased. The orchid plants subjected to hormone treatment are comprehensively sprayed and disinfected with 600-fold 75% chlorothalonil liquid for three times, spraying each time needs to be carried out after the last time of liquid medicine is completely dried, it is ensured that pseudobulbs and incisions are covered in place, the situation of germ infection at the incisions is prevented, and the survival rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bud-promoting seedling technology, and particularly relates to a method and system for promoting bud-promoting seedlings of Cymbidium goeringii. Background Technology

[0002] Cymbidium sp., also known as Chinese orchid or Oriental orchid, is one of the few terrestrial perennial herbaceous plants in the genus Cymbidium of the family Orchidaceae. Cymbidium is mainly propagated through division to increase seedling production, and asexual reproduction via tissue culture is used to rapidly cultivate high-quality seedlings. Currently, most of the techniques for promoting new shoots in the propagation of Cymbidium orchids through division are based on the traditional experience summarized by orchid growers. For example, the ancient orchid-growing experience of "uniting the extremely weak and dividing the extremely strong" suggests that too many orchid plants hinder new shoot growth, necessitating division, while weak plants should be planted together to promote new shoot development. Another method involves twisting the pseudobulb to increase the germination rate; this involves twisting the connection between the pseudobulb and pseudoscale to hinder nutrient transport between plants, thus promoting the germination of dormant buds. Some also believe that a suitable orchid cultivation substrate can improve the germination rate of new shoots. With the widespread use of plant growth regulators, some now use hormones to promote new shoot growth in orchids, such as 6-benzyladenine, gibberellin GA3, indolebutyric acid, and salicylic acid. Some even use aspirin directly. However, the use of hormones in Cymbidium orchids requires precise control over the type and concentration of hormones, and is affected by environmental conditions, the plant's own strength, and varietal characteristics. Improper use can easily lead to numerous small shoots that are difficult to rejuvenate.

[0003] Tissue culture of Cymbidium orchids requires sophisticated techniques and involves significant investment in equipment and facilities. Furthermore, the process from explant germination to mature plant development is lengthy, typically requiring five years or more. Therefore, division remains the primary method of propagation in current Cymbidium orchid production. However, traditional division methods suffer from low propagation rates, slow growth, and inconsistent seedling quality. Thus, a new method is needed to improve the bud-promoting and seedling cultivation process for Cymbidium orchids.

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology are as follows: (1) Low germination rate of Cymbidium seedlings: Under current technology, the germination rate of Cymbidium seedlings is low. For example, the annual propagation rate of Cymbidium seedlings with 3-5 plants per clump is about 0.2-0.5. Even with the method of single-plant propagation, each pseudobulb can sprout an average of 0.8 new buds. Traditional seedling treatment methods often fail to effectively break the dormancy of dormant buds or cause seedling death due to wound infection after division, thus affecting the germination rate of Cymbidium seedlings.

[0005] (2) Unstable seedling environment control: Existing seedling methods do not have precise control over key conditions such as temperature, humidity and light in the growth environment of Cymbidium goeringii. Most of them rely on extensive management based on cultivation experience, which leads to large fluctuations in the growth environment of Cymbidium goeringii seedlings. This is not conducive to the healthy growth of seedlings and can easily result in uneven growth or poor development.

[0006] (3) Unreasonable supply of nutrient solution: In the traditional seedling process, the composition, concentration and supply method of nutrient solution are unreasonable and cannot be accurately controlled according to the growth stage of Cymbidium goeringii, resulting in seedlings lacking the appropriate concentration and ratio of nutrients, which affects the early development of seedlings.

[0007] (4) Improper substrate selection: Some seedling substrates do not have good air permeability and drainage, which can easily lead to water accumulation in the substrate. The roots of Cymbidium orchids are easily suffocated or damaged, thus affecting the growth and survival rate of seedlings. Many growers use coconut coir that has not been desalinated; or use fresh pine bark, which contains tannins, resins and other substances that can damage the roots of orchids. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for promoting bud growth and seedling cultivation of Cymbidium goeringii.

[0009] This invention is implemented as follows: A method for promoting bud growth and seedling cultivation of Cymbidium goeringii includes: Step 1: Preparation of seedling substrate; Step two, pretreatment of seedling materials; Step 3, hormone solution treatment; Step 4: In a cool, well-ventilated place, spray the orchid treated in Step 3 with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil three times for disinfection. Each spray should be done after the previous solution has completely dried, and ensure that the pseudobulbs and cut areas are fully covered. Cool, well-ventilated place → surface dry → first spray (focus on pseudobulbs / cut areas) → solution completely dry → second spray → solution completely dry → third spray → solution completely dry → proceed to the next step. Step 5: Optimize potting techniques; Step Six: Nutrient Solution Management; Step seven: Precise control of environmental conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation of the seedling substrate: Planting substrate ratio: Choose a well-drained, organic-rich substrate for Cymbidium seedling cultivation. Considering the Cymbidium's requirements for aeration and moisture, it is recommended to use a mixed substrate consisting of 2 / 5 imported peat moss (20-40mm particle size), 1 / 5 coconut coir or pine bark (6-9mm particle size), and 2 / 5 horticultural perlite (6-8mm particle size). Among them, the coconut coir needs to be desalinated, the pine bark needs to be fully fermented, and the horticultural perlite needs to be rinsed with clean water 3-5 times to remove harmful ions. Disinfecting the planting medium: Disinfect the well-mixed substrate with water vapor for 2 hours to prevent the growth of pests and diseases; to promote the respiration of the Cymbidium orchid roots, the substrate should be kept at 40% moisture content when potting to meet the ventilation and drainage needs of the Cymbidium orchid roots.

[0011] Furthermore, the pretreatment of the seedling material: Select robust Cymbidium seedlings with large, plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases as seedling materials; to improve the germination rate, adopt the method of single division, dividing the plant into individual pseudobulbs; the division method and treatment are carried out in accordance with the invention patent "Cymbidium division wound treatment device and method", the division wound should be small, the cut should be smooth, and the cut should be sealed with wax to prevent pathogens from infecting from the wound. Using a sterile scalpel blade, start from the base of the leaves at the top of the pseudobulb of the orchid seedling and make three radial cuts at 120-degree angles to each other along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb; the cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius).

[0012] Furthermore, the hormone solution is treated as follows: After treating the pseudobulbs, soak the Cymbidium seedlings in a hormone solution containing plant growth regulators. The pseudobulbs and roots must be completely submerged in the prepared hormone solution. The hormone concentration should be taken into account the characteristics of the Cymbidium seedlings, using a 0.01% to 0.05% indoleacetic acid (IAA) or gibberellin (GA3) solution. The treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes to allow the orchid to fully absorb the hormone solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the potting technique has been optimized: Plant the orchid seedlings treated in step four into the substrate disinfected in step one. To avoid infection of the pseudobulb cut, the planting depth should be such that the substrate covers the entire root system, while the pseudobulb is exposed to the air. Do not water for 5 days after planting. Maintain an air humidity of 85%-90% by spraying or other means to keep the substrate slightly dry, which is conducive to the healing of the pseudobulb cut and promotes the growth of the orchid roots. After 7 days of planting, cover the pseudobulb with the disinfected substrate and transfer to normal management. Step Six, Nutrient Solution Management: Use a drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation system to provide a fixed amount of nutrient solution for Cymbidium seedlings. The nutrient solution should contain appropriate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and iron required for Cymbidium growth. Adjust the concentration of the nutrient solution according to different growth stages of the seedlings. Apply a high-nitrogen, high-potassium fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1% (20:10:30) within one month after potting to promote leaf and root growth. Apply a balanced fertilizer at a concentration of 0.3% (20:20:20) during the normal growth period. Apply a high-phosphorus, high-potassium fertilizer at a concentration of 0.3% (10:30:20) during the flower bud differentiation induction period.

[0014] Furthermore, the precise control of environmental conditions involves: based on the light, temperature, and humidity requirements of Cymbidium orchids, and considering their growth cycle, adjusting environmental factors in a timely manner at different stages; light management, providing 50%-70% shading from mid-May to mid-October, and full sunlight from mid-October to mid-May of the following year to promote nutrient accumulation; maintaining the growth temperature between 25-28℃, with a day-night temperature difference of 5-10℃; controlling humidity at 70%-80%; and if possible, measuring the light saturation point of each orchid variety and using a computer control system to ensure it operates in a growth environment with maximum photosynthetic efficiency.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a Cymbidium bud-promoting seedling system comprising: Seedling substrate module for planting material ratio: Select a well-drained, organic-rich Cymbidium seedling substrate. Considering the Cymbidium's requirements for aeration and moisture, it is recommended to use a mixed substrate of 2 / 5 imported peat moss (20-40mm), 1 / 5 coconut coir or pine bark (6-9mm particle size), and 2 / 5 horticultural perlite (6-8mm particle size). Among them, the coconut coir needs to be desalinated, the pine bark needs to be fully fermented, and the horticultural perlite needs to be rinsed with clean water 3-5 times to remove harmful ions. Planting material disinfection: Sterilize the well-mixed substrate with water steam for 2 hours to avoid the growth of pests and diseases. To promote the respiration of Cymbidium roots, the substrate should be kept at 40% moisture content when potting to meet the ventilation and drainage needs of Cymbidium roots. The pre-treatment module is used to select robust Cymbidium seedlings with large, plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases as seedling materials. To improve the germination rate, a single-segment division method is adopted, dividing the plant into individual pseudobulbs. The division method and treatment are carried out in accordance with the patent "Cymbidium Division Wound Treatment Device and Method". The division wounds should be small and smooth, and the cuts should be sealed with wax to prevent pathogens from infecting the wounds. Using a sterile scalpel blade, starting from the base of the leaves at the top of the pseudobulb, three radial cutting lines with an angle of 120 degrees to each other are made along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb. The cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius). The hormone solution treatment module is used to soak Cymbidium seedlings that have undergone longitudinal cutting of pseudobulbs in a hormone solution containing plant growth regulators. The pseudobulbs and roots must be completely submerged in the prepared hormone solution. The hormone concentration should take into account the characteristics of Cymbidium seedlings, using a 0.01% to 0.05% indoleacetic acid (IAA) or gibberellin (GA3) solution. The treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes to allow the orchid to fully absorb the hormone solution. The disinfection module is used to thoroughly disinfect the orchid plants treated in step three by spraying them three times with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil in a cool, ventilated place. Each spray should be carried out after the previous solution has completely dried, ensuring that the pseudobulbs and cut areas are fully covered. Cool, ventilated place → surface dry → first spray (focus on pseudobulbs / cut areas) → solution completely dry → second spray → solution completely dry → third spray → solution completely dry → proceed to the next step. The optimization module is used to plant the orchid seedlings treated in step four into the substrate disinfected in step one. To avoid infection of the pseudobulb cut, the planting depth is: the substrate covers the entire root system, and the pseudobulb is exposed to the air. Do not water for 5 days after planting. Maintain an air humidity of 85%-90% through spraying or other means to keep the substrate slightly dry, which is conducive to the healing of the pseudobulb cut and promotes the growth of the orchid roots. After 7 days of planting, cover the pseudobulb with the disinfected substrate and transfer to normal management. The nutrient solution management module is used to provide a fixed amount of nutrient solution to Cymbidium seedlings using drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation systems. The nutrient solution should contain appropriate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and iron required for Cymbidium growth. The concentration of the nutrient solution should be adjusted according to different growth stages of the seedlings. Within one month after potting, a high-nitrogen, high-potassium fertilizer with a concentration of 0.1% (20:10:30) should be applied to promote leaf and root growth. During the normal growth period, a balanced fertilizer with a concentration of 0.3% (20:20:20) should be applied. During the flower bud differentiation induction period, a high-phosphorus, high-potassium fertilizer with a concentration of 0.3% (10:30:20) should be applied. The control module is used for precise control of environmental conditions: based on the requirements of Cymbidium goeringii for light, temperature and humidity, and considering the growth cycle of Cymbidium goeringii, environmental factors are adjusted in a timely manner at different stages; light management, 50%-70% shading is provided from mid-May to mid-October, and full sunlight is provided from mid-October to mid-May of the following year to promote nutrient accumulation; the growth temperature is maintained between 25-28℃, with a temperature difference of 5-10℃ between day and night; humidity is controlled at 70%-80%.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. Starting from the base of the leaf at the top of the pseudobulb of the orchid seedling, make three radial cuts at 120-degree angles to each other along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb. The cutting depth should be 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius). This effectively stimulates the pseudobulb to produce callus tissue and sprout new buds while maximally protecting its original vascular system, leaf buds, and root base from structural damage. The cut also allows for better absorption of hormones, increasing the seedling emergence rate.

[0018] 2. After hormone treatment, the orchid plants should be thoroughly sprayed with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil three times for disinfection. Each spray should be carried out after the previous solution has completely dried, and the pseudobulb and cut area should be fully covered to prevent bacterial infection at the cut and improve the survival rate.

[0019] 3. To avoid infection of the pseudobulb cut, when potting, the planting depth should be such that the substrate covers the entire root system, leaving the pseudobulb exposed to the air. Do not water for 5 days after planting. Maintain an air humidity of 85%-90% through spraying or other means to keep the substrate slightly dry, which is conducive to the healing of the pseudobulb cut and promotes the growth of the orchid roots.

[0020] 4. Improve seedling germination rate: By introducing hormones such as indoleacetic acid (IAA) or gibberellin (GA3) to treat the pseudobulbs of Cymbidium goeringii, this invention effectively breaks the dormancy of the dormant buds of Cymbidium goeringii, greatly improves the germination rate of seedlings, shortens the seedling time, and significantly improves the efficiency of Cymbidium goeringii seedling cultivation.

[0021] 5. Precise environmental control: This invention creates more suitable conditions for the growth of Cymbidium seedlings by precisely controlling environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light, avoiding the impact of environmental fluctuations on seedling development, ensuring that seedlings can grow healthily and uniformly, and improving the quality of seedling cultivation.

[0022] 6. Rational nutrient solution management: This invention provides a quantitative supply of nutrients according to the needs of Cymbidium seedlings at different growth stages by scientifically formulating and adjusting the composition and concentration of the nutrient solution, ensuring that Cymbidium seedlings receive sufficient nutrition at each growth stage, promoting root development and robust seedling growth.

[0023] 7. Optimized seedling substrate: This invention selects a substrate with good air permeability and drainage, avoiding the root suffocation problem caused by water accumulation in traditional substrates. Through the rational selection and treatment of the substrate, the adaptability of the seedling substrate is improved, promoting the healthy growth of Cymbidium roots and significantly increasing the survival rate of seedlings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the Cymbidium goering and seedling cultivation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method for preparing seedling substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the Cymbidium goering and seedling cultivation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for promoting budding and seedling cultivation of Cymbidium goeringii provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps: S101, Preparation of seedling substrate; S102, Pretreatment of seedling materials; S103, hormone solution treatment; S104. In a cool, well-ventilated place, spray the orchid treated with S103 with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil three times for comprehensive disinfection. Each spray should be carried out after the previous solution has completely dried, and ensure that the pseudobulbs and cut areas are fully covered. Cool and well-ventilated place → surface dry → first spray (focus on pseudobulbs / cut areas) → solution completely dry → second spray → solution completely dry → third spray → solution completely dry → proceed to the next step. S105, optimized potting technique; S106, Nutrient solution management; S107, Precise control of environmental conditions.

[0029] The Cymbidium goering and seedling cultivation method provided in this invention follows the physiological characteristics and asexual reproduction rules of Cymbidium goeringii. Through the systematic and coordinated regulation of "substrate—materials—hormones—disinfection—planting—nutrition—environment," it achieves the targeted activation of dormant buds on pseudobulbs and the stable cultivation of healthy seedlings. Its core working principle lies in: on the one hand, reducing pathogen infection and physiological stress in orchid plants after division; on the other hand, inducing bud differentiation and precise nutrient supply through hormone signals, thereby significantly improving the success rate of bud promotion and the uniformity of seedlings.

[0030] First, during the seedling substrate preparation stage, a substrate system that is loosely structured, breathable, and has good water retention is selected to provide a stable oxygen-water-nutrient microenvironment for the orchid roots, preventing root rot caused by waterlogging and oxygen deficiency, and fundamentally ensuring the physical conditions for the subsequent bud promotion process. Second, the seedling material is pre-treated by trimming old roots, removing damaged tissue, and cleaning wounds, so that the pseudobulbs are in a structurally intact and metabolically balanced state, creating a physiological basis for bud germination.

[0031] Hormone solution treatment, a crucial step in promoting bud growth, works by regulating the balance of endogenous hormones through exogenous plant growth regulators, reducing the inhibitory effect of apical dominance, and enhancing cell division activity, thereby inducing dormant buds to transition from a dormant state to a differentiation and growth state. Subsequently, three applications of a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil, applied under cool, well-ventilated conditions, are a vital safeguard for this method. This intermittent, repeated disinfection process of "spraying—drying—re-spraying" ensures the solution fully penetrates the pseudobulb cut and forms an effective coating on the tissue surface. This effectively inhibits the spread of fungal spores and pathogens while preventing pseudobulb rot caused by a single high-humidity treatment, providing long-lasting protection, especially for the cut and pseudobulb.

[0032] During the potting technique optimization stage, the potting depth and plant fixation method are adjusted to maintain suitable contact between the pseudobulb and the substrate, which facilitates ventilation and aeration of the buds and ensures stable absorption of water and nutrients. In the nutrient solution management stage, easily absorbed nutrients are supplemented in stages according to the differentiated needs of the budding and seedling growth periods, promoting new bud growth without inducing excessive elongation. Finally, through precise control of light, temperature, humidity, and ventilation, a stable micro-ecosystem closely resembling the natural suitable environment of Cymbidium orchids is constructed, enabling continuous and balanced growth of new buds and improving the overall success rate and quality stability of bud-promoted seedling cultivation.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the preparation of the seedling substrate provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: S201, substrate ratio: Choose a well-drained, organic-rich substrate for Cymbidium seedling cultivation. Considering the Cymbidium's requirements for air permeability and moisture, it is recommended to use a mixed substrate consisting of 2 / 5 imported peat moss (20-40mm particle size), 1 / 5 coconut coir or pine bark (6-9mm particle size), and 2 / 5 horticultural perlite (6-8mm particle size). Among them, the coconut coir needs to be desalinated, the pine bark needs to be fully fermented, and the horticultural perlite needs to be rinsed with clean water 3-5 times to remove harmful ions. S202, substrate disinfection: The mixed substrate was sterilized with steam for 2 hours to prevent the growth of pests and diseases. To promote the respiration of the Cymbidium orchid roots, the substrate was kept at 40% moisture content when potting to meet the ventilation and drainage needs of the Cymbidium orchid roots.

[0034] Pretreatment of seedling materials provided in this embodiment of the invention: Select robust Cymbidium seedlings with large, plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases as seedling materials; to improve the germination rate, adopt the method of single division, dividing the plant into individual pseudobulbs; the division method and treatment are carried out in accordance with the invention patent "Cymbidium division wound treatment device and method", the division wound should be small, the cut should be smooth, and the cut should be sealed with wax to prevent pathogens from infecting from the wound. Using a sterile scalpel blade, start from the base of the leaves at the top of the pseudobulb of the orchid seedling and make three radial cuts at 120-degree angles to each other along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb; the cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius).

[0035] Hormone solution treatment provided in this embodiment of the invention: After treating the pseudobulbs, soak the Cymbidium seedlings in a hormone solution containing plant growth regulators. The pseudobulbs and roots must be completely submerged in the prepared hormone solution. The hormone concentration should be taken into account the characteristics of the Cymbidium seedlings, using a 0.01% to 0.05% indoleacetic acid (IAA) or gibberellin (GA3) solution. The treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes to allow the orchid to fully absorb the hormone solution.

[0036] The potting technique optimization provided in this embodiment of the invention: Plant the S104-treated orchid seedlings in the sterilized substrate from step one. To avoid infection of the pseudobulb cuts, the planting depth should be such that the substrate covers the entire root system, leaving the pseudobulbs exposed to the air. Do not water for 5 days after planting. Maintain an air humidity of 85%-90% through spraying or other means to keep the substrate slightly dry, which is conducive to the healing of the pseudobulb cuts and promotes the growth of the orchid roots. After 7 days of planting, cover the pseudobulbs with the sterilized substrate and transfer to normal management. Nutrient solution management provided in this embodiment of the invention: Use drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation systems to provide a fixed amount of nutrient solution for Cymbidium seedlings. The nutrient solution should contain appropriate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and iron required for Cymbidium growth. The concentration of the nutrient solution should be adjusted according to different growth stages of the seedlings. Within one month after potting, apply a high-nitrogen, high-potassium fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1% (20:10:30) to promote leaf and root growth. During the normal growth period, apply a balanced fertilizer at a concentration of 0.3% (20:20:20). During the period of inducing flower bud differentiation, apply a high-phosphorus, high-potassium fertilizer at a concentration of 0.3% (10:30:20).

[0037] The precise control of environmental conditions provided by this invention embodiment is as follows: Based on the requirements of Cymbidium goeringii for light, temperature, and humidity, and considering the growth cycle of Cymbidium goeringii, environmental factors are adjusted in a timely manner at different stages; light management involves shading 50%-70% from mid-May to mid-October, and full sunlight from mid-October to mid-May of the following year to promote nutrient accumulation; the growth temperature is maintained between 25-28℃, with a day-night temperature difference of 5-10℃; humidity is controlled at 70%-80%; if conditions permit, the light saturation point of each orchid variety can be measured, and the computer control system can be used to ensure that it is in a growth environment with the maximum photosynthetic efficiency.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Cymbidium bud-promoting seedling cultivation system comprising: Seedling substrate module for planting material ratio: Select a well-drained, organic-rich Cymbidium seedling substrate. Considering the Cymbidium's requirements for aeration and moisture, it is recommended to use a mixed substrate of 2 / 5 imported peat moss (20-40mm), 1 / 5 coconut coir or pine bark (6-9mm particle size), and 2 / 5 horticultural perlite (6-8mm particle size). Among them, the coconut coir needs to be desalinated, the pine bark needs to be fully fermented, and the horticultural perlite needs to be rinsed with clean water 3-5 times to remove harmful ions. Planting material disinfection: Sterilize the well-mixed substrate with water steam for 2 hours to avoid the growth of pests and diseases. To promote the respiration of Cymbidium roots, the substrate should be kept at 40% moisture content when potting to meet the ventilation and drainage needs of Cymbidium roots. The pre-treatment module is used to select robust Cymbidium seedlings with large, plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases as seedling materials. To improve the germination rate, a single-segment division method is adopted, dividing the plant into individual pseudobulbs. The division method and treatment are carried out in accordance with the invention patent "Cymbidium Division Wound Treatment Device and Method". The division wounds should be small and smooth, and the cuts should be sealed with wax to prevent pathogens from infecting the wounds. Using a sterile scalpel blade, starting from the base of the leaves at the top of the pseudobulb, three radial cutting lines with an angle of 120 degrees to each other are made along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb. The cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius). The hormone solution treatment module is used to soak Cymbidium seedlings with pseudobulbs after treatment in a hormone solution containing plant growth regulators. The pseudobulbs and roots must be completely submerged in the prepared hormone solution. The hormone concentration should take into account the characteristics of Cymbidium seedlings, using a 0.01% to 0.05% indoleacetic acid (IAA) or gibberellin (GA3) solution. The treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes to allow the orchid to fully absorb the hormone solution. The disinfection module is used to thoroughly disinfect S103-treated orchids by spraying them three times with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil in a cool, ventilated place. Each spray must be done after the previous solution has completely dried, ensuring that the pseudobulbs and cut areas are fully covered. Cool, ventilated place → surface dry → first spray (focus on pseudobulbs / cut areas) → solution completely dry → second spray → solution completely dry → third spray → solution completely dry → proceed to the next step. The optimization module is used to plant orchid seedlings treated with S104 into substrate sterilized with S101. To avoid infection of the pseudobulb cut, the planting depth is such that the substrate covers the entire root system, while the pseudobulb is exposed to the air. Do not water for 5 days after planting. Maintain an air humidity of 85%-90% through spraying or other means to keep the substrate slightly dry, which is conducive to the healing of the pseudobulb cut and promotes the growth of orchid roots. After 7 days of planting, cover the pseudobulb with sterilized substrate and transfer to normal management. The nutrient solution management module is used to provide a fixed amount of nutrient solution to Cymbidium seedlings using drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation systems. The nutrient solution should contain appropriate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and iron required for Cymbidium growth. The concentration of the nutrient solution should be adjusted according to different growth stages of the seedlings. Within one month after potting, a high-nitrogen, high-potassium fertilizer with a concentration of 0.1% (20:10:30) should be applied to promote leaf and root growth. During the normal growth period, a balanced fertilizer with a concentration of 0.3% (20:20:20) should be applied. During the flower bud differentiation induction period, a high-phosphorus, high-potassium fertilizer with a concentration of 0.3% (10:30:20) should be applied. The control module is used for precise control of environmental conditions: based on the requirements of Cymbidium goeringii for light, temperature and humidity, and considering the growth cycle of Cymbidium goeringii, environmental factors are adjusted in a timely manner at different stages; light management, 50%-70% shading is provided from mid-May to mid-October, and full sunlight is provided from mid-October to mid-May of the following year to promote nutrient accumulation; the growth temperature is maintained between 25-28℃, with a temperature difference of 5-10℃ between day and night; humidity is controlled at 70%-80%.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] In this embodiment, robust Cymbidium seedlings with plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases were selected as the seedlings. Individual pseudobulbs were used as the seedling unit for division, and the cuts were sealed with wax. The seedling substrate consisted of a mixture of peat moss, coconut coir, and horticultural perlite in a 2 / 5, 1 / 5, 2 / 5 ratio. After mixing, the mixture was sterilized with steam for 2 hours, and the substrate moisture content was controlled to 40% before potting. Three radial cutting lines were made at 120-degree angles along the longitudinal axis of the divided pseudobulbs, with the cutting depth controlled to 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb. The treated orchid plants were then immersed in a 0.02% indoleacetic acid solution for 20 minutes to allow the pseudobulbs and roots to fully absorb the hormone.

[0041] After hormone treatment, the orchid plants were thoroughly disinfected three times with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil under cool, well-ventilated conditions. Each spray was applied while the surface of the orchid was dry, and the next spray was applied only after the previous solution had completely dried, ensuring even coverage of the pseudobulbs and cut areas. After disinfection, the plants were potted, initially maintaining high humidity and keeping the substrate slightly dry. With subsequent adjustments to the nutrient solution and environmental management, the pseudobulb cuts healed well, dormant buds gradually activated and formed new shoots, and the plants exhibited stable growth without any signs of rot or disease.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment uses the same seedling material treatment method as Embodiment 1, but employs gibberellin as a plant growth regulator in the hormone treatment stage. After radial cutting of the pseudobulbs of the divided Cymbidium goeringii, they are completely immersed in a 0.05% gibberellin solution for 15 minutes, allowing the pseudobulb tissue to receive exogenous hormone stimulation in a short time. The seedling substrate still uses a mixture of sterilized peat moss, pine bark, and horticultural perlite, which maintains good aeration while enhancing drainage.

[0044] After hormone treatment, three intermittent spraying disinfection operations were carried out in a cool, ventilated place, ensuring that the chlorothalonil solution was completely dry after each spray. During the potting stage, the pseudobulbs were kept initially exposed to avoid direct contact between the cut and the high-humidity substrate. Continuous management and observation revealed that this implementation method significantly improved the pseudobulb germination rate, with concentrated new shoot formation and high uniformity of growth. Furthermore, no fungal or bacterial diseases were detected throughout the entire germination promotion cycle, indicating that the multiple disinfection operations and hormone induction achieved a good synergistic effect.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This embodiment uses multiple Cymbidium orchids of the same variety as the subject, employing a systematic seedling cultivation method for centralized treatment. After single pseudobulb division and radial cutting, the orchid plants are uniformly immersed in a hormone treatment module. The hormone used is a 0.01% indoleacetic acid solution, and the treatment time is 30 minutes to enhance the cumulative effect of hormones at low concentrations. The disinfection operation is completed by the disinfection module, spraying fungicide three times under cool and ventilated conditions, ensuring that the surface of the orchid plants is completely dry between each spraying.

[0047] During the potting and nutrient solution supply stages, a quantitative nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements was supplied to the orchid plants through the nutrient solution management module, with the concentration adjusted according to the growth stage. The environmental control module uniformly regulated light, temperature, and humidity to ensure the orchid plants maintained a stable growth environment. Continuous cultivation resulted in a high new shoot germination rate and uniform sprouting, with a significantly reduced pseudobulb rot rate, making it suitable for large-scale seedling production. This validated the effectiveness of systematic synergistic control in promoting shoot growth and seedling cultivation.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] This embodiment focuses on verifying the sprouting performance under conditions of finely regulated environmental factors. The pre-seeding treatment steps are consistent with the previous embodiments, including substrate disinfection, radial cutting of pseudobulbs, soaking in hormone solution, and three intermittent sprayings for disinfection. The difference lies in the subsequent cultivation process, where parameters such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration are precisely adjusted through an environmental control module, and the degree of shading is dynamically adjusted according to seasonal changes to create a suitable diurnal temperature range, maintaining the orchids in a state of high photosynthetic efficiency.

[0050] Under the same nutrient solution management scheme, the Cymbidium orchids in this embodiment exhibited faster new shoot growth, more uniform leaf expansion, and better root development. The pseudobulb cuts healed fully in the early stages, without any adverse rot or mold growth. This embodiment demonstrates that, based on pre-cutting induction and staged disinfection, precise environmental control can further enhance the stability and rapid growth capacity of bud-promoting seedling cultivation, providing a reliable implementation path for applications under different cultivation conditions.

[0051] A comparison of the two core technical aspects, namely the division method and the hormone treatment method, shows that the present invention is significantly superior to the existing technology in terms of both propagation efficiency and hormone absorption effect.

[0052] Regarding the division method, this invention adopts the technical concept of "single division," that is, dividing a single pseudobulb as the smallest reproductive unit, so that each pseudobulb can participate in the reproduction process as an independent growth starting point, thereby maximizing the utilization of the mother plant's vegetative resources. Experimental results show that the reproduction rate of this method can reach 170%. In contrast, the existing technology CN117121803A uses 2-3 pseudobulbs to form a clump for division, limiting the number of effective reproductive units that can be formed in a single division, with a reproduction coefficient of approximately 73%; while CN116267561A divides two connected pseudobulbs as a group, which is an improvement over the former, but the reproduction coefficient is still only about 120%. Therefore, this invention, by refining the division granularity, achieves a significant increase in reproduction rate without increasing the number of mother plants.

[0053] Regarding hormone treatment methods, this invention does not simply rely on spraying or overall soaking. Instead, it creates stable and controllable hormone penetration channels by setting multiple radial cutting lines along the longitudinal axis at specific locations on the pseudobulb. This significantly improves the absorption efficiency of hormones into the internal tissues while maintaining the structural integrity of the pseudobulb. In contrast, CN117121803A only uses a 6-BA solution spray on the surface of the pseudobulb, resulting in hormones mainly remaining on the surface and poor absorption. CN116267561A uses a soaking method, but it does not perform targeted treatment on the pseudobulb structure, limiting the depth and uniformity of hormone absorption, and achieving only a moderate effect. This invention achieves superior hormone absorption through a synergistic mechanism of "structural induction + overall soaking," thus providing a reliable technical guarantee for promoting budding and rapid propagation.

[0054] Table 1. Comparison of propagation rates between the division method of the present invention and the division method of the prior art. Division method Reproduction rate This invention The method of dividing the plant into individual pseudobulbs is adopted. 170% Prior art: A method for year-round production of Cymbidium orchid division seedlings (Application Publication No.: CN117121803A) 2-3 pseudobulbs per clump 73% Existing technology: A method for promoting bud growth and seedling cultivation of Cymbidium goeringii (Application Publication No.: CN116267561A) Divide the plants into groups of two connected pseudobulb plants. 120% Table 2 Comparison of the hormone treatment method of the present invention with the hormone treatment method of the prior art Hormone treatment Hormone absorption effect This invention Using a sterile scalpel blade, make three radial cuts at 120-degree angles to each other, starting from the base of the leaves at the tip of the pseudobulb of the orchid seedling. The cut depth should be 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb (i.e., <1 / 3 of the pseudobulb radius). Immerse the treated orchid seedlings in a hormone solution containing plant growth regulators, ensuring that the pseudobulbs and roots are completely submerged. good Prior art: A method for year-round production of Cymbidium orchid division seedlings (Application Publication No.: CN117121803A) On the first day of bud-promoting culture, spray the pseudobulbs with 6-BA solution once in the morning and once in the evening. Difference Existing technology: A method for promoting bud growth and seedling cultivation of Cymbidium goeringii (Application Publication No.: CN116267561A) The divided orchid seedlings were soaked in a solution containing growth regulators. middle The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Preparation of seedling substrate, pretreatment of seedling materials, treatment with hormone solution, multiple disinfection treatments, potting management, nutrient solution supply and control of growth environment; The disinfection process involves spraying the orchids treated with hormone solution with a 600-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil three times under cool, well-ventilated conditions. Before each spray, the surface of the orchid must be dry. After each spray, the solution must be allowed to dry completely before the next spray. Throughout the entire spraying process, the surface of the pseudobulb and the cut of the divided plant must be covered with disinfectant. After the three sprays are completed and the plant is completely dry, the next steps are performed to reduce the risk of pathogen infection and prevent pseudobulb rot.

2. The method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seedling substrate is a mixed substrate with the following composition: 2 / 5 peat moss, 1 / 5 coconut coir or pine bark, and 2 / 5 horticultural perlite. The coconut coir is desalinated, the pine bark is fermented, and the horticultural perlite is rinsed with clean water multiple times.

3. The method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seedling substrate is sterilized with steam for 2 hours before use, and the moisture content of the substrate is controlled at 40% when potting.

4. A method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Select Cymbidium seedlings with large, plump pseudobulbs and free from pests and diseases, divide them into single pseudobulb seedling units. On each pseudobulb, three radial cutting structures are formed along the longitudinal axis of the pseudobulb, with a 120-degree angle between each pair of adjacent cutting lines, and the cutting depth of each cutting line is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb; After being cut, Cymbidium seedlings were soaked in a hormone solution to release the inhibition of dormant buds on the pseudobulbs and induce them to sprout.

5. The method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The division treatment uses a single pseudobulb as the smallest seedling unit, with a small and smooth cut. After cutting, the cut is sealed to block the path of pathogen infection.

6. The method for promoting bud growth and seedling propagation of Cymbidium goeringii as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hormone solution is a plant growth regulator solution containing indoleacetic acid or gibberellin, with a mass concentration of 0.01% to 0.05%, and a soaking time of 15 to 30 minutes, during which the pseudobulbs and roots are completely submerged in the hormone solution.

7. A Cymbidium goering and seedling cultivation system, used to implement the Cymbidium goering and seedling cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: The module includes a seedling substrate module, a pretreatment module, a hormone treatment module, a disinfection module, a potting management module, a nutrient solution management module, and an environmental control module. The disinfection module is configured to perform three intermittent sprays of 75% chlorothalonil at a dilution of 600 times on orchid plants treated with hormones under cool and ventilated conditions, with a forced drying interval set between adjacent sprays.

8. The Cymbidium bud-promoting and seedling cultivation system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The preprocessing module includes a pseudobulb cutting unit, which is configured to form multiple cutting structures on the pseudobulb that extend along the longitudinal axis and are radially distributed. The included angle between each cutting structure is 120 degrees, and the cutting depth is 30% of the radial thickness of the pseudobulb.

9. The Cymbidium bud-promoting and seedling cultivation system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The nutrient solution management module is configured to provide nutrient solutions with different ratios to the orchid plants according to different growth stages, and to achieve quantitative supply through drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.

10. The Cymbidium bud-promoting seedling system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The environmental control module is configured to adjust the light, temperature and humidity parameters to maintain the Cymbidium goeringii growth temperature at 25 to 28 degrees Celsius, the day-night temperature difference at 5 to 10 degrees Celsius, and the environmental humidity at 70% to 80%.

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