Zero-carbon building

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy conservation and emission reduction, in particular to a zero-carbon building which comprises a building body, and a heat preservation structure is arranged outside the building body. The carbon dioxide refrigerating and heating system comprises a carbon dioxide system host and a pipeline communicated with the carbon dioxide system host, the carbon dioxide system host is used for converting carbon dioxide, and the pipeline is used for outputting carbon dioxide; the solar cell panel is mounted outside the building main body and supplies power to the host; the heat collector is mounted outside the building main body, so that the carbon dioxide refrigerating and heating system exchanges heat with the outside; the energy accumulator is used for storing heat of the heat collector and / or the carbon dioxide refrigerating and heating system and providing heat for the carbon dioxide refrigerating and heating system; and the energy consumption pieces are all mounted in the building main body and exchange heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The method has the effect of reducing the carbon emission in the daily use process of building facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy conservation and emission reduction, and in particular to a zero-carbon building. Background Technology

[0002] In addressing climate change and reducing carbon emissions, the construction industry is becoming a major force. Statistics show that building energy consumption accounts for about one-third of total societal energy consumption. Reducing this portion of energy consumption will significantly improve the overall energy situation of society, and at the same time, it has a very significant effect on energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection. Over the past two or three decades, China has vigorously promoted energy-efficient buildings, continuously improving building energy efficiency through measures such as raising energy efficiency standards, implementing renovation projects, strengthening supervision, and promoting renewable energy. Today, developing energy-efficient buildings has become a long-term national strategy, helping China achieve its goals of peak carbon emissions and high-quality development of the construction industry as soon as possible. Whether in urban or rural areas, every building consumes energy and emits harmful substances every moment. For example, heating needs in winter and the energy consumption of air conditioning units in summer both emit large amounts of carbon dioxide.

[0003] With rapid economic development, the construction industry has entered its peak period. Statistics show that in recent years, my country's annual new building area exceeded 2 billion square meters. Simultaneously, the proportion of building energy consumption in total energy consumption has been increasing daily, rising from 10% in the late 1970s to around 30% today. High-energy-consuming buildings consume large amounts of resources, such as steel, cement, wood, glass, and plastic products, and also generate carbon emissions. By the end of 2000 alone, the increase in building energy consumption had contributed 25% to the national greenhouse gas emissions. Among various types of buildings, public buildings have the largest energy consumption proportion, and this proportion is expected to increase further in the future.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that existing building facilities have the drawback of high carbon emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce carbon emissions during the daily use of building facilities, this application provides a zero-carbon building.

[0006] This application provides a zero-carbon building, which adopts the following technical solution: A zero-carbon building, comprising: The main building has an external insulation structure; A carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system includes a carbon dioxide system host and a pipeline connected to the carbon dioxide system host. The carbon dioxide system host is used to convert carbon dioxide into low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide or high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. The pipeline is used to output high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide and / or low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. Solar panels, installed on the exterior of the building, provide power to the main unit; The heat collector is installed on the outside of the building to collect or dissipate heat, enabling the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system to exchange heat with the outside. An energy storage device is used to store the heat from the solar collector and / or the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system, and to provide heat to the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system. Multiple energy-consuming components are installed inside the building structure, where they exchange heat with high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulation structure within the building structure reduces heat loss during heat exchange, while solar panels provide electricity to the carbon cycle host. This allows the circulating medium within the carbon cycle host—carbon dioxide—to be converted into either low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide or high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide according to usage requirements. The temperature of the carbon dioxide is then controlled by heating or pressurizing it in different states. Carbon dioxide at different temperatures travels through pipelines to various energy-consuming components, allowing them to exchange heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. With the carbon dioxide system host powering all energy-consuming components, the system can be driven entirely by electricity from solar cells, or heat can be supplied or dissipated through energy storage devices and collectors for the carbon dioxide cooling and heating system. This maximizes energy savings and can potentially achieve complete elimination of external power supply and zero-carbon operation.

[0008] Preferably, the main unit of the carbon dioxide system includes a compressor, a flash heat exchanger, and a storage tank. The compressor is used to convert carbon dioxide into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide, the flash heat exchanger is used to convert carbon dioxide into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide, and the storage tank stores medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. Multiple pipelines are provided, and the compressor, the flash heat exchanger, and the storage tank are respectively connected to one or more of the pipelines.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas after being converted by the compressor is condensed into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the flash heat exchanger. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the storage tank. After being throttled, the carbon dioxide in the storage tank becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas. After heat exchange, the carbon dioxide returns to the compressor suction port through the pipeline to enter the next cycle.

[0010] Preferably, the pipeline includes a high-pressure pipe for conveying high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide, a low-pressure pipe for conveying low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide, and a medium-pressure pipe for conveying carbon dioxide. The flash heat exchanger is connected to the compressor via the high-pressure pipe, the flash heat exchanger is connected to the liquid storage tank via the medium-pressure pipe, and the compressor is connected to the low-pressure pipe; The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe enters the medium-pressure pipe after heat exchange, and the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe enters the medium-pressure pipe after heat exchange.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas after carbon dioxide is converted by the compressor is condensed into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the flash heat exchanger. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the liquid storage tank, and the carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas after throttling.

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of energy-consuming components include a heating component that exchanges heat with the high-pressure pipe, a cooling component that exchanges heat with the low-pressure pipe, and a heating / cooling component that exchanges heat with either the high-pressure pipe or the low-pressure pipe. The heating element is connected to the medium-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe, the cooling element is connected to the low-pressure pipe and the medium-pressure pipe, and the heating and cooling elements are all connected to the high-pressure pipe, the medium-pressure pipe, and the low-pressure pipe.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the heating element or heating / cooling element exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide provides heat to the heating element or heating / cooling element. The cooling element or heating / cooling element exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide achieves a cooling effect after exchanging heat with the cooling element or heating / cooling element. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the heating element includes underfloor heating pipes and a domestic water heater; The underfloor heating pipes are coiled and installed underground in each room of the building. One end of the underfloor heating pipe is connected to the high-pressure pipe, and the end of the underfloor heating pipe away from the high-pressure pipe is connected to the medium-pressure pipe. Control valves are installed on both the medium-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe near the underfloor heating pipes. The underfloor heating pipes exchange heat with the interior space of the building. The domestic water heater is equipped with a heating element. One end of the heating element is connected to the high-pressure pipe, so that the domestic water heater heats the domestic water through the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe. That is, the high-pressure pipe exchanges heat with the water in the domestic water heater. The end of the heating element away from the high-pressure pipe is connected to the medium-pressure pipe. Both the high-pressure pipe and the medium-pressure pipe are equipped with control valves.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of both the underfloor heating pipes and the heating pipes can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe. That is, the temperature can be increased by increasing the flow rate of high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide by controlling the valve, or the temperature can be decreased by decreasing the flow rate of high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide by controlling the valve. The amount of ordinary carbon dioxide in the underfloor heating pipes and the heating pipes can be adjusted by adjusting the opening size of the control valve on the medium-pressure pipe, thereby achieving the effect of precise control of the temperature of the underfloor heating pipes and the heating pipes.

[0016] Preferably, the refrigeration component includes a household cold storage unit, which includes an ice-temperature storage unit and a freezer storage unit. Both the ice-temperature storage unit and the freezer storage unit are equipped with multiple storage boxes, each of which has a window. Both the ice-temperature storage unit and the freezer storage unit exchange heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe. Both the ice-temperature storage unit and the freezer storage unit are connected to a medium-pressure pipe. Both the low-pressure pipe and the medium-pressure pipe are equipped with a control valve on the side closest to the cold storage unit.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the control valve is used to control the flow rate of low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. For ice storage and cold storage, the opening degree of the control valve on the low-pressure pipe and medium-pressure pipe can be controlled according to different needs, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the ice storage and cold storage.

[0018] Preferably, the cooling and heating component includes an air conditioner body, the air conditioner body includes a temperature regulating pipe and a fan coil unit, one end of the temperature regulating pipe is connected to the high-pressure pipe, a control valve is provided on the high-pressure pipe near the temperature regulating pipe, one end of the low-pressure pipe is located between the control valve and the temperature regulating pipe, and the low-pressure pipe is connected to the high-pressure pipe, a control valve is provided between the low-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe; The end of the temperature regulating pipe away from the high-pressure pipe is connected to the medium-pressure pipe. A control valve is installed on the medium-pressure pipe near the temperature regulating pipe. The fan coil unit enables the temperature regulating pipe to exchange heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, for heating needs, the temperature can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide; for cooling needs, the temperature can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The opening degree of the control valves on the low-pressure pipe and the medium-pressure pipe can be controlled according to different needs, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air blown out by the air conditioner.

[0020] Preferably, the energy storage device is a swimming pool installed inside the main building. A process sleeve is installed inside the pool wall. One end of the process sleeve is connected to both the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe, and the end of the process sleeve away from the high-pressure pipe is connected to the medium-pressure pipe. Control valves are installed on both the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe near the connection point with the process sleeve.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the accumulator can store excess heat in the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system. The excess heat can be used to heat the water in the swimming pool. The degree of heating of the water in the swimming pool can be controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the control valve, thereby improving the user experience of the swimming pool.

[0022] Preferably, the solar collector includes a solar collector element, one end of which is connected to the high-pressure pipe, and the end of which is away from the high-pressure pipe is connected to the medium-pressure pipe. The high-pressure pipe is connected to the low-pressure pipe, and control valves are provided on the high-pressure pipe, the low-pressure pipe, and the medium-pressure pipe near the solar collector element.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the solar collector plays the role of collecting or dissipating heat according to the internal conditions of the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system. When excess heat is generated inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system, it can be dissipated to the outside through the solar collector. When the heat inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system is insufficient, it can absorb heat from the outside into the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system through the solar collector.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes a fresh air system, which includes a fresh air fan, an air supply duct, and an exhaust duct; The outer wall of the air supply duct is covered with rubber and plastic cotton. The air supply duct includes a main air supply pipe and a flat pipe. The main air supply pipe is connected to the fresh air fan. The flat pipe is installed on the walls of each room of the main building. The flat pipe has multiple small holes evenly arranged on it. The walls of each room of the main building are covered with rock slabs. The rock slabs have multiple holes corresponding to the multiple small holes on the flat pipes. The exhaust ducts are installed above the ceiling of each room in the main building and are connected to the outside of the main building.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when using the fresh air system, the fresh air fan is turned on to intake air. If the door in the room is detected to be closed, the exhaust duct will exhaust air; if the door in the room is detected to be closed, the exhaust duct will not exhaust air, and air can be exhausted through the doorway. The fresh air system creates a negative pressure environment with less air intake and more air exhaust in the public area and each room, which helps to save energy. Moreover, the bottom intake and top exhaust means that the stale air is at the top, making it easy to expel the stale air. The fresh air fan realizes both air supply and exhaust. The air supply duct is connected to the fresh air fan, but the exhaust duct extends to the public area, thus eliminating the need for an exhaust fan in this scenario.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The building's internal insulation structure reduces heat loss during heat exchange. Solar panels power the carbon cycle unit, compressing the circulating medium (carbon dioxide) into high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. The temperature of the carbon dioxide is controlled by condensing or throttling it at different temperatures. Carbon dioxide at different temperatures travels through pipelines to various energy-consuming components, where they exchange heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. By using the carbon dioxide system to power all energy-consuming components, the system can be driven entirely by solar power, or heat can be supplied or dissipated through energy storage devices and collectors. This maximizes energy savings and can potentially achieve zero-carbon operation, eliminating the need for external power supply.

[0027] 2. After being converted into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas by the compressor, carbon dioxide is condensed into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the flash heat exchanger. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the liquid tank. After being throttled, the carbon dioxide in the liquid tank becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas. After heat exchange, the carbon dioxide returns to the compressor suction port through the pipeline to enter the next cycle.

[0028] 3. The solar collector plays a role in collecting or dissipating heat according to the internal conditions of the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system. When excess heat is generated inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system, it can be dissipated to the outside through the solar collector. When the heat inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system is insufficient, it absorbs heat from the outside into the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system through the solar collector. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a zero-carbon building according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of each energy-consuming component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the main unit of the carbon dioxide system; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the refrigeration components and the piping; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the refrigeration component; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram illustrating the refrigeration and heating components; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the underfloor heating pipe system; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a domestic water heater; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the solar collector; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the energy storage device; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific mechanism of one embodiment of an energy storage device; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a fresh air system.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system; 11. Carbon dioxide system main unit; 111. Compressor; 112. Flash heat exchanger; 113. Liquid storage tank; 1131. Medium-pressure branch port; 12. Piping; 121. High-pressure pipe; 1211. High-pressure branch pipe; 122. Medium-pressure pipe; 1221. Medium-pressure branch pipe; 123. Low-pressure pipe; 2. Solar collector; 21. Solar collector element; 3. Accumulator; 31. Process sleeve; 4. Energy-consuming component; 41. Control... Heating components; 411, Underfloor heating pipes; 412, Domestic water heaters; 4121, Outer shell; 4122, Heating element; 42, Refrigeration components; 421, Household cold storage; 4211, Ice-temperature storage; 4212, Freezer; 4213, Storage box; 422, Retrieval robot; 43, Heating and refrigeration components; 431, Air conditioner body; 4311, Temperature regulating pipe; 4312, Fan coil; 5, Control valve; 6, Fresh air system; 61, Supply air duct; 62, Exhaust air duct. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-12 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a zero-carbon building. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 Zero-carbon buildings include a building body with an external insulation structure, a carbon dioxide cooling and heating system 1 installed inside the building body, solar panels installed outside the building body, a solar collector 2 installed outside the building body, an energy storage device 3 for storing heat from the solar collector 2 and / or the carbon dioxide cooling and heating system 1, and multiple energy-consuming components 4 installed inside the building body.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1 includes a carbon dioxide system main unit 11 and multiple pipelines 12 connected to the carbon dioxide system main unit 11. The carbon dioxide system main unit 11 includes a compressor 111, a flash heat exchanger 112, and a liquid storage tank 113. The compressor 111 is used to convert carbon dioxide into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide, the flash heat exchanger 112 is used to convert carbon dioxide into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid storage tank 113 is used to store medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide for transmission. The compressor 111, the flash heat exchanger 112, and the liquid storage tank 113 are each connected to one or more pipelines 12. The pipelines 12 include a high-pressure pipe 121, a medium-pressure pipe 122, and a low-pressure pipe 123. The high-pressure pipe 121 is used to transport high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide, the medium-pressure pipe 122 is used to transport carbon dioxide, and the low-pressure pipe 123 is used to transport low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The flash heat exchanger 112 is connected to the compressor 111 via the high-pressure pipe 121. The compressor 111 converts carbon dioxide into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. The flash heat exchanger 112 is connected to the storage tank 113. The flash heat exchanger 112 converts carbon dioxide into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid and stores it in the storage tank 113. The carbon dioxide in the storage tank 113 is throttled and becomes low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide. The low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide is connected to the energy-consuming component 4 via the low-pressure pipe 123. The high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide is connected to the energy-consuming component 4 via the high-pressure pipe 121. The high-pressure pipe 121 between the flash heat exchanger 112 and the compressor 111 is provided with a high-pressure branch pipe 1211, which is connected to the energy-consuming component 4. It also includes a medium-pressure branch pipe 1221. The liquid storage tank 113 is provided with a medium-pressure branch pipe 1221 port 1131. One end of the medium-pressure branch pipe 1221 is connected to the medium-pressure branch pipe 1221 port 1131. The medium-pressure branch pipe 1221 is connected to each energy-consuming component 4.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 When the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1 provides energy to the energy-consuming component 4 that requires cooling, the medium-temperature, medium-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the compressor 111 into high-temperature, high-pressure carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1 provides energy to the energy-consuming component 4 that requires heating, the carbon dioxide is heated and pressurized into medium-temperature, medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide through the flash heat exchanger 112. After further processing, it becomes low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange can be transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122 to the storage tank 113 for storage and later use. The carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1, multiple pipes 12, and multiple energy-consuming components 4 convert the carbon dioxide in the storage tank 113 into different states, thereby recycling the carbon dioxide.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4Multiple energy-consuming components 4 include a heating component 41, a cooling component 42, and a heating / cooling component 43. The heating component 41 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121 and the medium-pressure pipe 122. The cooling component 42 is connected to the low-pressure pipe 123 and the medium-pressure pipe 122. The heating / cooling component 43 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121, the low-pressure pipe 123, and the medium-pressure pipe 122. The heating component 41 or the heating / cooling component 43 exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe 121. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide provides heat to the heating component 41 or the heating / cooling component 43. The cooling component 42 or the heating / cooling component 43 exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe 123. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide achieves a cooling effect after exchanging heat with the cooling component 42 or the heating / cooling component 43. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration component 42 includes a household cold storage 421, which is installed within a building body, for example, in a basement. The household cold storage 421 has an external cabinet, and an insulation layer is provided between the cabinet and the building body. The household cold storage 421 includes a temperature-controlled compartment 4211 and a freezer compartment 4212. Both the temperature-controlled compartment 4211 and the freezer compartment 4212 are equipped with multiple storage boxes 4213, each with a window. The temperature-controlled compartment 4211 and the freezer compartment 4212 are respectively connected to a medium-pressure pipe 122 and a low-pressure pipe 123. A control valve 5 is provided on the side of the low-pressure pipe 123 and the medium-pressure pipe 122 closest to the cold storage. Control valve 5 is used to control the flow rate of low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. For ice storage 4211 and freezer 4212, the opening degree of control valve 5 on low-pressure pipe 123 and medium-pressure pipe 122 is controlled according to different needs, thereby adjusting the temperature inside ice storage 4211 and freezer 4212. The household cold storage 421 also includes multiple slide rails and a retrieval robot 422 installed on the slide rails. The retrieval robot 422 can store or retrieve items in designated storage boxes 4213 of ice storage 4211 or freezer 4212 as needed.

[0038] Reference Figure 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating element 41 includes a floor heating pipe 411 and a domestic water heater 412. Multiple floor heating pipes 411 are provided, spiraling underground in various rooms within the main building. One end of each floor heating pipe 411 is connected to a high-pressure pipe 121, and the end of each floor heating pipe 411 away from the high-pressure pipe 121 is connected to a medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is located near the floor heating pipe 411 on both the medium-pressure pipe 122 and the high-pressure pipe 121. (See reference...) Figure 8The domestic water heater 412 includes a housing 4121 and a heating tube 4122 disposed inside the housing 4121. One end of the heating tube 4122 is connected to the high-pressure tube 121, and the end of the heating tube 4122 away from the high-pressure tube 121 is connected to the medium-pressure tube 122. Both the high-pressure tube 121 and the medium-pressure tube 122 are provided with a control valve 5 at the end near the heating tube 4122.

[0039] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 Both the underfloor heating pipe 411 and the heating pipe 4122 can control the temperature by controlling the flow rate of high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe 121. That is, the temperature can be increased by increasing the flow rate of high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide by controlling valve 5, or the temperature can be decreased by controlling valve 5. The amount of ordinary carbon dioxide in the underfloor heating pipe 411 and the heating pipe 4122 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening size of the control valve 5 on the medium-pressure pipe 122, thereby achieving the effect of precise control of the temperature of the underfloor heating pipe 411 and the heating pipe 4122. The underfloor heating pipe 411 exchanges heat with the interior space of the building, and the heating pipe 4122 exchanges heat with the water in the domestic water heater 412. After the heat exchange, the carbon dioxide is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122 to other energy-consuming components 4 or the storage tank 113 for later use.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling / heating component 41 includes an air conditioning body 431, which includes a temperature regulating pipe 4311 and a fan coil unit 4312. The temperature regulating pipe 4311 and the fan coil unit 4312 form an air conditioning assembly. Optionally, the air conditioning body 431 includes a temperature regulating assembly. One end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 is connected to a high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is provided on the high-pressure pipe 121 near the temperature regulating pipe 4311. A low-pressure pipe 123 is connected to the connection between the control valve 5 and the high-temperature pipe and the temperature regulating pipe 4311. A control valve 5 is provided on the low-pressure pipe 123 near the high-pressure pipe 121. The end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 away from the high-pressure pipe 121 is connected to a medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is provided on the medium-pressure pipe 122.

[0041] Reference Figure 2When the air conditioner body 431 needs cooling, the opening degree of the high-pressure pipe 121 is reduced and the opening degree of the low-pressure pipe 123 is increased. The adjusted temperature regulating pipe 4311 is in cold air mode. At this time, the heat of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 is blown out of the air conditioner body 431 through the fan coil 4312 and exchanges heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122. When the air conditioner body 431 needs heating, the opening degree of the high-pressure pipe 121 is increased and the opening degree of the low-pressure pipe 123 is reduced. The adjusted temperature regulating pipe 4311 is in hot air mode. At this time, the heat of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 is blown out of the air conditioner body 431 through the fan coil 4312 and exchanges heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122.

[0042] Referring to Figure 2, optionally, the air conditioning unit 431 includes two sets of air conditioning components: one is a heating air conditioning component, and the other is a cooling air conditioning component. One end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 of the heating air conditioning component is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is installed on the high-pressure pipe 121 near the temperature regulating pipe 4311. One end of the low-pressure pipe 123 is located between the control valve 5 and the temperature regulating pipe 4311, and the low-pressure pipe 123 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is installed between the low-pressure pipe 123 and the high-pressure pipe 121. The end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 away from the high-pressure pipe 121 is connected to the medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is installed on the medium-pressure pipe 122 near the temperature regulating pipe 4311. The fan coil unit 4312 enables the temperature regulating pipe 4311 to exchange heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 One end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 of the air-cooled component is connected to the low-pressure pipe 123. A control valve 5 is installed on the low-pressure pipe 123 near the temperature regulating pipe 4311. One end of the high-pressure pipe 121 is located between the control valve 5 and the temperature regulating pipe 4311, and the low-pressure pipe 123 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is installed between the high-pressure pipe 121 and the low-pressure pipe 123. The end of the temperature regulating pipe 4311 away from the low-pressure pipe 123 is connected to the medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is installed on the medium-pressure pipe 122 near the temperature regulating pipe 4311. The fan coil unit 4312 enables the temperature regulating pipe 4311 to exchange heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe 122.

[0044] Reference Figure 9The collector 2 includes a heat collection element 21. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat collection element 21 is a heat collection plate. One end of the heat collection element 21 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is provided on the side of the high-pressure pipe 121 near the heat collection element 21. The end of the heat collection element 21 away from the high-pressure pipe 121 is connected to the medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is provided on the side of the medium-pressure pipe 122 near the heat collection element 21. The low-pressure pipe 123 is connected to the high-pressure pipe 121 located between the control valve 5 and the heat collection element 21. A control valve 5 is provided on the low-pressure pipe 123 near the high-pressure pipe 121. The collector 2 plays the role of heat collection or heat dissipation according to the internal conditions of the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1. When excess heat is generated inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1, it can be dissipated to the outside through the collector 2. When the heat inside the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1 is insufficient, heat is absorbed from the outside into the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1 through the collector 2.

[0045] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 In one embodiment of this application, the energy storage device 3 is a swimming pool installed inside the main building. A process sleeve 31 is provided on the inner wall of the swimming pool. One end of the process sleeve 31 is connected to a high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is provided at the end of the high-pressure pipe 121 near the process sleeve 31. A low-pressure pipe 123 is connected between the control valve 5 and the process sleeve 31 at the high-pressure pipe 121. A control valve 5 is provided at the end of the low-pressure pipe 123 near the high-pressure pipe 121. The end of the process sleeve 31 away from the high-pressure pipe 121 is connected to a medium-pressure pipe 122. A control valve 5 is provided at the end of the medium-pressure pipe 122 near the process sleeve 31. The energy storage device 3 can store excess heat in the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system 1. The excess heat can heat the water in the swimming pool. The degree of heating of the water in the swimming pool can be controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the control valve 5, thereby improving the user experience of the swimming pool.

[0046] Reference Figure 12It also includes a fresh air system 6, which includes a fresh air fan, an air supply duct 61, and an exhaust duct 62. The outer wall of the air supply duct 61 is covered with rubber and plastic cotton. The air supply duct 61 includes a main air supply pipe and a flat pipe. The main air supply pipe is connected to the fresh air fan. The flat pipe is installed on the walls of each room in the main building. The flat pipe has multiple small holes evenly distributed on it. The walls of each room in the main building are covered with rock slabs. The rock slabs have multiple holes corresponding to the multiple small holes on the flat pipes. The exhaust duct 62 is installed above the ceiling of each room in the main building and is connected to the outside of the main building. When using the fresh air system 6, the fresh air fan is turned on to intake air. If the door in the room is detected to be closed, the exhaust duct will exhaust air; if the door in the room is detected to be closed, the exhaust duct will not exhaust air, and air can be exhausted through the doorway. The fresh air system 6 creates a negative pressure environment in the public area and each room with less air intake and more air exhaust, which helps to save energy. Moreover, the bottom intake and top exhaust means that the stale air is at the top, making it easy to expel the stale air. The fresh air fan realizes both air supply and exhaust. The air supply duct 61 is connected to the fresh air fan, but the exhaust duct 62 extends to the public area. In this scenario, the exhaust fan is eliminated.

[0047] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: the thermal insulation structure inside the building is used to reduce heat loss during heat exchange, and the solar panels are used to provide electricity to the carbon cycle host, thereby converting the circulating medium in the carbon cycle host, i.e., carbon dioxide, into low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide or high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide according to usage requirements. The temperature of the carbon dioxide is then controlled by heating or pressurizing the carbon dioxide in different states. Carbon dioxide at different temperatures reaches each energy-consuming component 4 through pipe 12, allowing each energy-consuming component 4 to exchange heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. After the carbon dioxide system host 11 supplies power to all energy-consuming components, the carbon dioxide system host 11 can be driven entirely by electricity from the solar cells, or heat can be provided or dissipated through the energy storage device 3 and the solar collector 2 to the carbon dioxide cooling and heating system 1. This maximizes energy savings and can, at most, completely eliminate external power supply, achieving zero-carbon operation.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon building, characterized in that, include: The main building has an external insulation structure; A carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system (1) includes a carbon dioxide system host (11) and a pipeline (12) connected to the carbon dioxide system host (11). The carbon dioxide system host (11) is used to convert carbon dioxide into low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide or high-temperature high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. The pipeline (12) is used to output high-temperature high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide and / or low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. Solar panels, installed on the exterior of the building, provide power to the main unit; The heat collector (2) is installed outside the main building to collect or dissipate heat, so that the carbon dioxide cooling and heating system (1) can exchange heat with the outside. An energy storage device (3) is used to store the heat of the collector (2) and / or the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system (1) to provide heat to the carbon dioxide refrigeration and heating system (1); Multiple energy-consuming components (4) are installed inside the building body to exchange heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide or low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide.

2. The zero-carbon building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main unit (11) of the carbon dioxide system includes a compressor (111), a flash heat exchanger (112), and a storage tank (113). The compressor (111) is used to convert carbon dioxide into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas. The flash heat exchanger (112) is used to convert carbon dioxide into medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide liquid. The storage tank (113) stores the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to be converted by the compressor (111). There are multiple pipelines (12). The compressor (111), the flash heat exchanger (112), and the storage tank (113) are respectively connected to one or more of the pipelines (12).

3. The zero-carbon building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline (12) includes a high-pressure pipe (121) for conveying high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide, a low-pressure pipe (123) for conveying low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide gas and liquid, and a medium-pressure pipe (122) for conveying liquid carbon dioxide. The flash heat exchanger (112) is connected to the compressor (111) through the high-pressure pipe (121), the flash heat exchanger (112) is connected to the liquid storage tank (113) through the medium-pressure pipe (122), and the compressor (111) is connected to the low-pressure pipe (123). High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure pipe (121) enters the medium-pressure pipe (122) after heat exchange, and low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe (123) enters the medium-pressure pipe (122) after heat exchange.

4. The zero-carbon building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of energy-consuming components (4) include a heating component (41) that exchanges heat with the high-pressure pipe (121), a cooling component (42) that exchanges heat with the low-pressure pipe (123), and a heating and cooling component (43) that exchanges heat with the high-pressure pipe (121) or the low-pressure pipe (123). The heating element (41) is connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122) and the high-pressure pipe (121), the cooling element (42) is connected to the low-pressure pipe (123) and the medium-pressure pipe (122), and the heating and cooling element (43) is connected to the high-pressure pipe (121), the medium-pressure pipe (122), and the low-pressure pipe (123).

5. The zero-carbon building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating element (41) includes underfloor heating pipes (411) and a domestic water heater (412); The underfloor heating pipes (411) are coiled and installed underground in each room of the building body. One end of the underfloor heating pipes (411) is connected to the high-pressure pipe (121), and the other end of the underfloor heating pipes (411) away from the high-pressure pipe (121) is connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122). Both the medium-pressure pipe (122) and the high-pressure pipe (121) are equipped with control valves (5) near the underfloor heating pipes (411). The underfloor heating pipes (411) exchange heat with the interior space of the building body. The domestic water heater (412) is equipped with a heating tube (4122). One end of the heating tube (4122) is connected to the high-pressure tube (121), so that the domestic water heater (412) heats the domestic water through the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide in the high-pressure tube (121). That is, the high-pressure tube (121) exchanges heat with the water in the domestic water heater (412). The end of the heating tube (4122) away from the high-pressure tube (121) is connected to the medium-pressure tube (122). Both the high-pressure tube (121) and the medium-pressure tube (122) are equipped with control valves (5).

6. The zero-carbon building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigeration component (42) includes a household cold storage (421), which includes an ice-temperature storage (4211) and a freezer storage (4212). Both the ice-temperature storage (4211) and the freezer storage (4212) are equipped with multiple storage boxes (4213), and each of the multiple storage boxes (4213) is equipped with a window. Both the ice-temperature storage (4211) and the freezer storage (4212) exchange heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the low-pressure pipe (123). Both the ice-temperature storage (4211) and the freezer storage (4212) are connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122). Both the low-pressure pipe (123) and the medium-pressure pipe (122) are equipped with a control valve (5) on the side of the cold storage closest to the cold storage.

7. The zero-carbon building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigeration and heating component (41) includes an air conditioning body (431), which includes a temperature regulating pipe (4311) and a fan coil (4312). One end of the temperature regulating pipe (4311) is connected to the high-pressure pipe (121). A control valve (5) is provided on the high-pressure pipe (121) near the temperature regulating pipe (4311). One end of the low-pressure pipe (123) is located between the control valve (5) and the temperature regulating pipe (4311), and the low-pressure pipe (123) is connected to the high-pressure pipe (121). A control valve (5) is provided between the low-pressure pipe (123) and the high-pressure pipe (121). The end of the temperature regulating pipe (4311) away from the high-pressure pipe (121) is connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122). A control valve (5) is provided on the medium-pressure pipe (122) near the temperature regulating pipe (4311). The fan coil (4312) enables the temperature regulating pipe (4311) to exchange heat with the space inside the building. The carbon dioxide after heat exchange is transported through the medium-pressure pipe (122).

8. The zero-carbon building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage device (3) is a swimming pool installed inside the main building. A process sleeve (31) is installed inside the pool wall. One end of the process sleeve (31) is connected to both the high-pressure pipe (121) and the low-pressure pipe (123). The end of the process sleeve (31) away from the high-pressure pipe (121) is connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122). Control valves (5) are provided near the connection points between the high-pressure pipe (121) and the low-pressure pipe (123) and the process sleeve (31).

9. The zero-carbon building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solar collector (2) includes a solar collector (21), one end of which is connected to the high-pressure pipe (121), and the other end of which is connected to the medium-pressure pipe (122) away from the high-pressure pipe (121). The high-pressure pipe (121) is connected to the low-pressure pipe (123). Control valves (5) are provided near the solar collector (21) of the high-pressure pipe (121), the low-pressure pipe (123), and the medium-pressure pipe (122).

10. The zero-carbon building according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fresh air system (6), which includes a fresh air fan, an air supply duct (61), and an exhaust duct (62); The outer wall of the air supply duct (61) is provided with rubber and plastic cotton. The air supply duct (61) includes a main air supply pipe and a flat pipe. The main air supply pipe is connected to the fresh air fan. The flat pipe is installed on the walls of each room of the main building. Multiple small holes are evenly arranged on the flat pipe. The walls of each room of the main building are covered with rock slabs. Multiple holes are opened on the rock slabs corresponding to the multiple small holes on the flat pipe. The exhaust duct (62) is installed above the ceiling of each room of the main building and is connected to the outside of the main building.

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