Multi-mode optical detection method and system for dynamic light-emitting component of automobile exterior decoration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing and visual quality detection, in particular to a multi-mode optical detection method and system for an automobile exterior dynamic light-emitting component, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the switching triggering information of an assembly stage; based on the assembly stage switching trigger information, controlling the detection system and the light-emitting component to enter a current assembly stage, and controlling the light-emitting component to work in a corresponding target light-emitting mode; analyzing and determining image acquisition strategy information according to the target light emitting mode; based on the image acquisition strategy information, controlling an image sensor to acquire an image sequence of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage; and analyzing and processing the image sequence to obtain optical quality evaluation parameter information of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage and the target light-emitting mode. The method and the device have the effects of improving the problems of insufficient dynamic light-emitting mode detection capability, single detection dimension and non-quantifiable result in related technologies, and improving the accuracy of optical performance detection of the dynamic light-emitting component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing and visual quality inspection, and in particular to a multi-mode optical inspection method and system for dynamic light-emitting components of automobile exteriors. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and intelligent vehicles, the function of automotive exterior dynamic lighting components, such as illuminated front grilles, luminous logos, and interactive light strips, has evolved from passive lighting to a vehicle that enhances brand recognition, enables human-vehicle interaction, and strengthens the overall technological aesthetics of the vehicle. Exterior components typically integrate multiple lighting units and can achieve various dynamic lighting modes, such as constant illumination, flashing, and flowing light, according to preset programs. During the production and assembly process, the luminous performance of these exterior dynamic lighting components needs to be systematically tested, as the final lighting effect directly affects the overall visual quality and safety experience of the vehicle.

[0003] In related technologies, quality inspection of such light-emitting components currently generally employs manual visual inspection or machine vision inspection based on static images. Manual visual inspection requires inspectors to observe the overall effect of the component after it is lit under specific lighting conditions, relying on experience to judge whether there are obvious dark areas, color differences, or unlit units. More automated related technologies use industrial cameras to capture single or multiple average images of the light-emitting component in a constantly lit state, and analyze the overall brightness distribution and uniformity through image processing algorithms.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the methods can only evaluate components in a static, stable light-emitting state. For complex dynamic light-emitting patterns such as flickering and flowing light, existing detection methods are insufficient for effective evaluation. Human visual inspection cannot accurately capture rapidly changing light sequences, and judgments are subjective and prone to fatigue. Static image acquisition methods cannot fully record and analyze the temporal characteristics and spatial coherence of a dynamic light-emitting cycle, resulting in the inability to detect key quality indicators such as brightness consistency, temporal accuracy, and dynamic uniformity during the dynamic process. This leads to problems such as incomplete detection dimensions, unquantifiable results, and inability to pinpoint the root cause of dynamic defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in detecting dynamic light emission modes, their limited detection dimensions, and the inability to quantify results, and to improve the accuracy of optical performance testing for dynamic light emission components, this application provides a multi-mode optical inspection method and system for automotive exterior dynamic light emission components.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamically luminous components of automotive exterior trim, employing the following technical solution: A multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamically luminous components of automotive exterior trim includes: Obtain assembly stage switching trigger information; Based on the assembly stage switching trigger information, the control detection system and light-emitting components enter the current assembly stage. The current assembly stage includes at least a first stage without optical diffusers, a second stage with optical diffusers installed, and a third stage with an external light-transmitting cover installed. Obtain the illumination mode instruction information; Based on the light emission mode instruction information, the light emission component is controlled to work in the corresponding target light emission mode, wherein the target light emission mode includes at least constant light mode, strobe mode and flowing mode; Based on the target emission pattern, analyze and determine the image acquisition strategy information; Based on image acquisition strategy information, control the image sensor to acquire image sequences of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage; The image sequence is analyzed and processed to obtain optical quality evaluation parameters of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage and under the target light emission mode.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a detection method combining assembly stage perception and active control of dynamic light emission modes is introduced, abandoning static or single-dimensional detection logic. The method first synchronizes the detection environment and component state to a specific assembly stage based on the switching triggers of the assembly process, thereby performing performance evaluation under the component's structural evolution. On this basis, the light-emitting component is controlled to operate according to preset dynamic modes such as constant light, flickering, and flowing light, and image sequence acquisition is adaptively planned and executed differently for the spatiotemporal light emission characteristics of each mode. Finally, by analyzing the acquired image sequences, comprehensive optical quality evaluation parameters reflecting the component's performance at a specific assembly stage and when executing a specific dynamic light emission mode are extracted. This method overcomes the shortcomings of manual visual inspection and static image detection in effectively capturing and quantifying the temporal characteristics, spatial coherence, and process uniformity of dynamic light emission, achieving quantitative evaluation of the optical performance of dynamic light-emitting components across the entire assembly chain and all operating modes, thus improving detection dimensionality, accuracy, and automation level.

[0008] Optionally, methods for analyzing and processing image sequences to obtain optical quality assessment parameters include: Obtain the first set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the first stage; Determine whether the first set of evaluation parameters meets the preset first-stage benchmark; If not, output the first defect information, which indicates that the defect originates from the light-emitting unit; If so, continue to obtain the second set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the second stage; Determine whether the second set of evaluation parameters meets the preset second-stage benchmark; If not, output the second defect information, which indicates that the defect is related to the optical diffuser. If so, continue to obtain the third set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the third stage; Determine whether the third set of evaluation parameters meets the preset third-stage benchmark; If not, output the third defect information, which indicates that the defect is related to the external light-transmitting cover; If yes, output a message indicating good sealing.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, after obtaining evaluation parameters through image sequence analysis, the corresponding evaluation parameter sets are acquired and compared in stages, following the assembly sequence of "light-emitting unit - optical diffuser - external light-transmitting cover". By comparing the parameter set of the first stage (without diffuser) with a dedicated benchmark, it is determined whether the defect originates from the light-emitting unit itself. If it passes, testing and comparison continue in the second stage after the diffuser is installed to determine whether the defect is caused by material, manufacturing process, or installation issues of the optical diffuser. The third stage of testing confirms whether the defect is related to the light transmittance, contamination, or assembly sealing of the external light-transmitting cover. This progressive, layer-by-layer screening detection logic, following the assembly sequence, enables quality assessment of the final luminous effect, quickly and accurately tracing any optical anomalies to specific physical components or assembly stages. This provides guidance for rapid production line debugging, maintenance decisions, and process improvements, reducing the cost of troubleshooting quality problems.

[0010] Optionally, methods for analyzing and determining image acquisition strategy information based on the target emission pattern include: Image acquisition strategy information includes acquisition trigger conditions, image sensor control parameters, and acquisition quality targets; In response to the target luminescence mode being constant-on mode, the acquisition trigger condition being stable luminescence, the control parameters including exposure time and frame rate being single-frame acquisition, and the acquisition quality target being to obtain a grayscale image representing the overall luminescence surface; In response to the target emission mode being strobe mode, the acquisition trigger condition is periodic signal synchronization, and the control parameters include sampling rate, acquisition duration and phase relationship with the emission period. The acquisition quality target is to obtain a sequence of images covering the complete on / off cycle. The target illumination mode is a streaming mode, the acquisition trigger condition is a dynamic start signal, the control parameters include high frame rate and total number of frames, and the acquisition quality target is to obtain a continuous dynamic image sequence without motion blur.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the acquisition strategy is decomposed into three dimensions: triggering conditions, sensor control parameters, and quality targets, with separate strategies configured for the three modes: constant brightness, strobe, and flowing light. For the constant brightness mode, which requires stable brightness representation, stable emission is triggered, and single-frame optimized exposure acquisition is used to obtain high-quality overall grayscale images. For the strobe mode with periodic characteristics, synchronization with the timing signal is emphasized, controlling the sampling rate, duration, and phase relationship to ensure that the acquired image sequence completely covers and clearly distinguishes the bright and dark periods. For the continuously changing flowing light mode, dynamic start is triggered, and high-frame-rate continuous acquisition avoids motion blur and records the continuous trajectory of light flow. One strategy per mode ensures the integrity, clarity, and relevance of the image data provided for subsequent analysis in both the temporal and spatial domains.

[0012] Optionally, the method further includes: The optical quality assessment parameters include at least brightness parameters and uniformity parameters; When the target emission mode is strobe mode, the optical quality assessment parameter information also includes period consistency parameter and duty cycle parameter; When the target emission mode is a flowing mode, the optical quality evaluation parameter information also includes timing accuracy parameters and dynamic uniformity parameters; The brightness parameter is determined based on the average gray value or brightness value of the region of interest in the image sequence; The uniformity parameter is determined based on the standard deviation of pixel brightness within the region of interest or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum brightness value; The periodic consistency parameter is determined by calculating the deviation between the actual emission period and the preset period based on the brightness change curve of the image sequence. The duty cycle parameter is determined by calculating the ratio of the bright state time within a single cycle to the total cycle based on the brightness change curve. The timing accuracy parameter is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time of each light-emitting unit and the preset timing time, as identified by image sequence recognition. The dynamic uniformity parameter is determined based on the changes in the uniformity parameter at each time frame during the dynamic process of the flow.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, brightness and uniformity are established as the fundamental core parameters for evaluating luminous efficacy. Based on this, a "cycle consistency parameter" and a "duty cycle parameter" are added to the flicker mode. The cycle consistency parameter quantifies the accuracy and stability of the luminous rhythm, while the duty cycle parameter quantifies the precision of the proportion of bright time, thus comprehensively describing the timing quality of the flicker. For the pipeline mode, a "timing accuracy parameter" and a "dynamic uniformity parameter" are added. The timing accuracy parameter measures the deviation between the lighting time of each luminous unit and the preset timing, evaluating the synchronicity of the dynamic response. The dynamic uniformity parameter selects multiple key moments during the dynamic process to evaluate the brightness consistency between lit areas, assessing the spatial uniformity of the dynamic process. This parameter system transforms the evaluation of complex dynamic luminous effects from subjective experience-based judgment to objective measurement based on explicit algorithms and data.

[0014] Optionally, the method further includes: After obtaining the image sequence, the image sequence is segmented in the temporal domain to obtain at least one periodic image subsequence information corresponding to a complete emission cycle; Analyze the subsequence information of the periodic image and extract the time-brightness curve information of each predefined region of interest on the light-emitting component; Analyze the target emission mode and the time-brightness curve information to calculate the corresponding optical quality assessment parameters: When the target emission mode is constant light mode, the brightness parameter information is determined based on the average brightness value of the time-brightness curve information, and the uniformity parameter information is determined based on the standard deviation of the brightness distribution of the time-brightness curve information. When the target emission mode is strobe mode, the bright state interval and the extinguished state interval in the time-brightness curve information are identified. The period consistency parameter information is determined based on the deviation between the time interval of adjacent bright state start points and the preset period information. The duty cycle parameter information is determined based on the ratio of the duration of the bright state interval to the total duration within a single period. When the target light emission mode is the flowing mode, the rising edge of the time-brightness curve information where the brightness exceeds the preset threshold is identified as the actual lighting time information. The timing accuracy parameter information is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time information and the corresponding theoretical lighting time information in the preset timing model. The dynamic uniformity parameter information is determined based on the worst value of the brightness uniformity among the lit interest areas at multiple preset timing key points. The calculated optical quality assessment parameters are compared with the preset reference parameter range or standard parameter curve information corresponding to the current assembly stage and target emission mode. Determine whether each optical quality assessment parameter meets the requirements of the corresponding reference parameter range or standard parameter curve. If it meets the requirements, the optical quality of the light-emitting component is determined to be qualified in the current assembly stage and under the target light-emitting mode. If it does not meet the requirements, then the optical quality abnormality information of the light-emitting component is determined. The optical quality abnormality information includes at least the type of abnormal evaluation parameter and the corresponding deviation information.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the acquired original image sequence is first segmented in the time domain to extract image subsequences representing the complete luminescence behavior cycle, establishing a regular time benchmark for analysis. Then, by analyzing the subsequences, a time-brightness curve is generated for each predefined region of interest on the component, thereby transforming the spatially distributed dynamic luminescence phenomenon into a mathematically analyzable time function. Specialized calculation logic is designed for different target luminescence modes: for constant-brightness mode, the statistical characteristics of the curve are directly calculated to obtain brightness and uniformity; for flickering mode, the period consistency and duty cycle are calculated by identifying the bright and dark intervals of the curve; for continuous mode, the timing accuracy is calculated by detecting the rising edge of the curve, and the dynamic uniformity is obtained by slicing at key time points. Finally, the calculated parameters are systematically compared with the preset benchmarks in the current assembly stage and luminescence mode to perform a pass / fail judgment, ultimately outputting a structured report containing conclusions (pass / fail) and diagnostic information (abnormal parameter types and deviation amounts). The entire process achieves automated closed-loop processing from raw images to quantitative diagnostic reports, improving detection efficiency and result operability.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes: Multi-mode joint detection and comprehensive evaluation of light-emitting components; During the current assembly stage, the light-emitting component is controlled to work in multiple target light-emitting modes, including at least constant light mode, strobe mode and flowing mode, and multiple mode image sequence information is acquired based on the image acquisition strategy information corresponding to each target light-emitting mode. The image sequence information of each mode is analyzed and processed to obtain the optical quality evaluation parameters of the light-emitting component under each target light-emitting mode at the current assembly stage. Based on the preset comprehensive scoring rules, all the obtained optical quality assessment parameters are analyzed and calculated to determine the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage. Determine whether the comprehensive optical performance score information meets the requirements of the preset comprehensive performance qualification threshold information; If it meets the requirements, the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is deemed qualified. If it does not meet the requirements, the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is determined to be unqualified.

[0017] By employing the above technical solution, the same light-emitting component is controlled to sequentially execute light-emitting modes such as constant light, strobe, and flowing light in a preset order during the current assembly stage, and corresponding image sequences are adaptively acquired for each mode. By calling the core analysis and processing flow, a complete set of optical quality evaluation parameters for the component in each independent mode is obtained. After acquiring a multi-dimensional parameter set covering all major operating modes of the component, the solution performs a holistic analysis and calculation of all parameters based on a preset comprehensive scoring rule, ultimately obtaining a comprehensive optical performance score. The score reflects the overall performance level of the component under various typical operating conditions. By comparing this comprehensive score with the pass threshold, a final conclusion is drawn regarding whether the overall optical performance of the component is qualified. This multi-mode joint detection method simulates various light-emitting states that the component may experience in actual applications, and the comprehensive evaluation results reflect the true performance and reliability of the component more accurately than single-mode detection.

[0018] Optionally, methods for analyzing and calculating all obtained optical quality assessment parameters based on preset comprehensive scoring rules to determine the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage include: Based on the comprehensive scoring rules, obtain the mode weight coefficient information corresponding to each target emission mode and the parameter weight coefficient information corresponding to each type of optical quality evaluation parameter; Based on the mode weighting coefficient information and parameter weighting coefficient information, the parameters in all the obtained optical quality assessment parameter information are weighted and calculated to obtain the initial comprehensive score information. Determine whether there are any parameters among all the obtained optical quality assessment parameters that are lower than the preset single-item rejection threshold. If present, the comprehensive optical performance score will be determined as being below the comprehensive qualification threshold. If it does not exist, the initial comprehensive score information will be used as the comprehensive optical performance score information.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, two sets of weighting coefficients are first obtained from the comprehensive scoring rules. One set is the mode weight for different light emission modes, distinguishing the importance of different modes in practical applications; the other set is the parameter weight for different evaluation parameters, distinguishing the criticality of various indicators within the same mode. These two sets of weights are used to weight all evaluation parameters to obtain an initial comprehensive score, which reflects the overall performance level after considering differences in importance. Simultaneously, a safety red line of a "single-item veto threshold" is introduced to scan and judge all obtained parameters. If the performance of any parameter falls below its corresponding veto threshold, regardless of its weight or the initial comprehensive score, the system directly determines that the overall performance is substandard. This ensures that the product is free of defects in any single key indicator, preventing the outflow of unqualified products that are "averagely good but have weaknesses." If all parameters are above the veto threshold, the weighted initial score is adopted as the final comprehensive score.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a multi-mode optical inspection system for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, employing the following technical solution: A multi-mode optical inspection system for dynamically luminous components of automotive exterior trim includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire assembly stage switching trigger information, light emission mode instruction information, image sequence, and optical quality evaluation parameter information. A memory for storing programs for a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamically luminous components of automotive exterior trim, as described above. The processor and memory are capable of loading and executing programs to achieve a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamically luminous automotive exterior components as described above.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the system provides a direct hardware architecture foundation for the industrial application of the method. Automobile manufacturers or parts suppliers can integrate this dynamic light-emitting component inspection solution into automated production lines or quality inspection centers, thereby implementing the inspection process on a large scale, with high efficiency and high consistency, and transforming the method into productivity improvement and product quality assurance.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a smart terminal, which adopts the following technical solution: A smart terminal includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed as in any of the methods described above.

[0023] Fourthly, this application provides a computer storage medium, which adopts the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program capable of being loaded by a processor and executing any of the above-described multi-mode optical detection methods for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By combining assembly stage perception with multi-mode active control, a differentiated image acquisition strategy is adaptively set for dynamic modes such as constant light, flickering, and flowing light, so as to fully capture temporal and spatial light variation information. Dynamic evaluation parameters such as periodic consistency and temporal accuracy are defined, and a method for extracting quantitative parameters from image sequences is provided. This transforms the subjective and ambiguous dynamic light effect evaluation into objective and accurate data analysis, solving the problem that traditional static detection methods cannot effectively evaluate dynamic light emission performance. 2. Inspection nodes are embedded in the assembly sequence of "light-emitting unit - optical diffuser - outer cover," and optical testing is performed immediately after each assembly stage. By independently comparing the parameter sets obtained at each stage with the corresponding stage benchmark, the source of defects—whether they originate from the light-emitting unit itself, the optical diffuser process, or the outer cover and sealing issues—is clearly distinguished and located. This step-by-step diagnostic method enables accurate traceability of quality problems from the final phenomenon to specific materials and processes, improving the efficiency of production debugging and process optimization. 3. This application provides a closed-loop technology for automated image analysis to generate quantitative reports, and a multi-mode joint detection and comprehensive evaluation method to control the component to execute multiple light emission modes in sequence and collect data. By using a comprehensive scoring algorithm that combines weight calculation and a single-item veto mechanism, an overall performance score reflecting the component under simulated actual working conditions is obtained, ensuring that the product has no shortcomings in all key indicators and providing a basis for judgment in the final inspection stage. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for analyzing and processing image sequences to obtain optical quality assessment parameters.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of a method for analyzing and determining image acquisition strategy information based on the target emission pattern.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 .

[0030] Figure 6This is a flowchart of a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 .

[0031] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the comprehensive optical performance score of a light-emitting component at the current assembly stage by analyzing and calculating all obtained optical quality assessment parameters based on preset comprehensive scoring rules.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a multi-mode optical inspection system for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exteriors, according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the appendices in the embodiments of this application will be described below. Figure 1-8 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0037] This application discloses a multi-mode optical inspection device for dynamic luminous components of automotive exterior trim. The device is an intelligent workstation in the production line, capable of real-time intervention at key process nodes during the actual assembly of exterior luminous components such as front luminous grilles, luminous car logos, and interactive light strips, to perform online, quantitative inspection of the optical performance of various dynamic luminous modes. The multi-mode optical inspection device for dynamic luminous components of automotive exterior trim includes an assembly execution mechanism, a luminous component control unit, an image acquisition unit, and a computing and control host.

[0038] The assembly actuator is a high-precision robotic arm (such as a six-axis robot). The robotic arm integrates a multi-functional end effector at its end, enabling it to sequentially perform assembly actions such as grasping optical diffusers and grasping external light-transmitting covers. It is also equipped with force sensors to achieve flexible assembly. Through the assembly operation of the robotic arm, the light-emitting component under test is sequentially brought into and stabilized in three different physical states: "without optical diffusers," "with optical diffusers installed," and "with external light-transmitting covers installed."

[0039] The light-emitting component control unit is integrated in the workstation and can quickly connect to the interface of the component under test at the workstation via quick-connect or wireless connection. The light-emitting component control unit is used to send light-emitting mode command information to the component under test and control the component under test to execute target light-emitting modes such as constant light, strobe, and flowing light.

[0040] The image acquisition unit includes a high-performance industrial camera (image sensor) fixed above or to the side of the workstation, along with a matching light source and optical components. The installation position of the image acquisition unit ensures that the parts fixed to the inspection station by the robotic arm can be clearly captured.

[0041] The computing and control host is the control center of the detection device, running the control software that implements the detection method. Logically, the computing and control host includes an acquisition module, a control module, a strategy analysis module, an image acquisition and control module, a data processing module, a memory, and a processor.

[0042] The acquisition module obtains assembly stage switching trigger information from the production line's central control system via the industrial network, retrieves illumination mode instruction information from the detection program or database, and receives image sequences from the image acquisition unit. The control module acts as the central coordinator. Based on the assembly stage switching trigger information, it first schedules the robotic arm to complete the gripping and assembly actions of the corresponding parts, bringing the component into the designated stage. Then, based on the illumination mode instruction information, it drives the component to work through the illumination component control unit. The strategy analysis module and the image acquisition control module are responsible for planning and executing image acquisition. They dynamically generate optimal image acquisition strategy information based on the target illumination mode. The image acquisition control module then uses this strategy to control the image acquisition unit to acquire high-quality image sequences when the component is in its current actual assembly stage. The data processing module is the analysis center. It analyzes and processes the image sequences, executes algorithmic processes, and ultimately obtains optical quality evaluation parameters reflecting the component's performance in its current actual assembly stage and under the target illumination mode.

[0043] This application discloses a multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim. (Refer to...) Figure 1 Multi-mode optical inspection methods for dynamically luminous components of automotive exterior trim include: Step S100: Obtain assembly stage switching trigger information.

[0044] Assembly stage switching trigger information refers to the instructions or signals issued by the production line control system (such as a PLC or MES system) when the assembly process reaches a preset node, used to instruct the detection device to begin detecting components in a specific assembly state. Acquisition refers to receiving information through industrial network communication interfaces such as industrial Ethernet.

[0045] Step S101: Based on the assembly stage switching trigger information, control the detection system and the light-emitting component to enter the current assembly stage. The current assembly stage includes at least a first stage without optical diffusers, a second stage with optical diffusers installed, and a third stage with an external light-transmitting cover installed.

[0046] The current assembly stage refers to the real-time assembly status of the tested light-emitting component on the production line. Controlling the detection system and the light-emitting component to enter the current assembly stage involves scheduling and driving the assembly actuators to perform gripping and assembly actions. For example, based on a trigger message indicating "enter the second stage," the control module commands the robot to grip an optical diffuser from the feeder and install it onto the component substrate located at the detection station, thus bringing the component to the "second stage with optical diffuser installed" state.

[0047] Step S102: Obtain the light emission mode instruction information.

[0048] The emission mode command information is control data used to instruct the emission components to execute a specific emission behavior sequence. It can be obtained by reading from an internal configuration file or database bound to the detection scheme, or by receiving commands from a host computer through a communication interface.

[0049] Step S103: Based on the light emission mode instruction information, control the light emission component to work in the corresponding target light emission mode, wherein the target light emission mode includes at least a constant light mode, a strobe mode, and a flowing mode.

[0050] A target emission mode refers to the emission pattern, characterized by a specific spatiotemporal regularity, that a light-emitting component is required to exhibit. Controlling a light-emitting component to operate according to the corresponding target emission mode involves the component's control unit converting digital commands into physical signals conforming to the component's communication protocol (CAN, LIN, or PWM) and driving their execution. For example, based on a "strobe mode" command, the control unit generates and sends a set of PWM waveforms with a specific frequency and duty cycle to the component's drive controller, causing all LEDs to blink according to this pattern.

[0051] Step S104: Analyze and determine the image acquisition strategy information based on the target emission pattern.

[0052] Image acquisition strategy information is a set of image sensor control parameters and acquisition targets set to optimize the capture of specific illumination pattern characteristics. The analysis and determination are based on the characteristics of the target mode (such as temporal sequence and dynamic range), by querying a pre-defined mode-strategy mapping table or running a real-time optimization algorithm. For example, for "stroboscopic mode," the analysis determines that a strategy of "external trigger synchronization, 10kHz sampling rate, and acquisition duration covering 5 cycles" is required; for "pipeline mode," a strategy of "high frame rate (e.g., 1000fps), free-flowing operation, and a total of 500 frames" is required.

[0053] Step S105: Based on the image acquisition strategy information, control the image sensor to acquire image sequences of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage.

[0054] An image sensor is a device that converts received light signals into digital image signals, such as an industrial camera. An image sequence is a dataset consisting of multiple frames of images acquired sequentially over time. The method for controlling image sensor acquisition involves setting various parameters of the image sensor (trigger mode, exposure time, frame rate, etc.) through an image acquisition card or camera SDK based on the aforementioned strategy information, and then initiating the acquisition process. For example, based on the aforementioned strategy for a flowing mode, the camera is controlled to start continuous shooting at a frame rate of 1000fps, acquiring 500 frames after the component emits light, forming an image sequence that records the complete dynamic movement.

[0055] Step S106: Analyze and process the image sequence to obtain optical quality evaluation parameter information of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage and target light-emitting mode.

[0056] Optical quality assessment parameters are a set of index data used to quantitatively evaluate the optical performance of light-emitting components. The analysis and processing involves running image processing and analysis algorithms, including time-domain segmentation, regional brightness curve extraction, feature calculation, and comparison. For example, for a stroboscopic image sequence, the algorithm first segments out individual periods, calculates the average brightness generation curve for each region, and then calculates the "deviation between the actual period and the standard period" and the "proportion of bright time" based on the curves. The final output is optical quality assessment parameters such as {"period error ms": 1.5, "duty cycle %": 45.2}.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 Methods for analyzing and processing image sequences to obtain optical quality assessment parameters include: Step S200: Obtain the first set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the first stage.

[0058] The first stage refers to the assembled state of the tested component without optical diffusers. The first evaluation parameter set refers to a set of quantitative optical performance data obtained by analyzing and processing the acquired image sequences in the first stage, including at least core parameters reflecting the performance of the light-emitting unit itself, such as brightness and uniformity. This is obtained by calling an analysis algorithm specifically designed for the first stage data to calculate the image sequences. For example, for a constantly lit mode image containing only bare LED panels (first stage), the first evaluation parameter set, including data such as "overall average brightness: 5000 nits" and "brightness uniformity: 85%", is obtained by calculating the average brightness and standard deviation of each LED bead area.

[0059] Step S201: Determine whether the first set of evaluation parameters meets the preset first-stage benchmark.

[0060] The first-stage benchmark refers to the pre-set optical performance qualification standard threshold or range for the light-emitting unit itself in the first stage (without diffuser). The judgment method is to compare the value of each parameter in the first evaluation parameter set with the corresponding first-stage benchmark stored in the database. For example, it is judged whether the obtained "overall average brightness: 5000 nits" falls within the benchmark range [4800, 5200] nits, and whether "brightness uniformity: 85%" is higher than the minimum value of 80% required by the benchmark.

[0061] Step S202: If not, output the first defect information, which indicates that the defect originates from the light-emitting unit.

[0062] The first defect information refers to the structured diagnostic report generated when the first set of evaluation parameters does not meet the first-stage benchmark. The output method includes recording the information in the detection log, displaying it on the operation interface, and potentially sending an alarm to the upper-level system. The information explicitly points to the "light-emitting unit" itself as the root cause of the defect. For example, if it is determined that the brightness uniformity is only 70%, lower than the benchmark of 80%, the output content will be the first defect information: {"Defect Stage": "First Stage", "Defective Component": "Light-emitting Unit", "Specific Parameters": "Brightness Uniformity", "Measured Value": "70%", "Standard Value": "≥80%"}.

[0063] Step S203: If yes, then continue to obtain the second set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the second stage.

[0064] The second stage refers to the assembled state after the optical diffuser has been installed on the light-emitting unit. The second set of evaluation parameters refers to the set of optical parameters obtained by analyzing the newly acquired image sequence in the second stage, which is used to evaluate the comprehensive light efficiency after the diffuser is superimposed. The acquisition method is that after determining that the first stage is qualified, the system automatically controls the entry into the second stage and triggers a new round of image acquisition and analysis process. For example, after the manipulator installs the diffuser sheet, the control component emits light in the same mode, acquires a new image sequence, and calculates the second set of evaluation parameters including parameters such as "overall brightness after diffusion" and "diffusion uniformity".

[0065] Step S204, determine whether the second set of evaluation parameters meets the preset second-stage benchmark.

[0066] The second-stage benchmark refers to the qualified standard preset for the optical effect in the second stage (with the diffuser installed), taking into account the reasonable performance changes after the diffuser is introduced. The judgment method is the same as above, but the comparison object is changed to the second-stage benchmark. For example, judge whether the overall brightness attenuation after diffusion meets the expected range, and whether there are new light spots or unevenness caused by diffuser defects.

[0067] Step S205, if the result is negative, output the second defect information, and the second defect information indicates that the defect is related to the optical diffuser.

[0068] The second defect information refers to the diagnostic report generated when the second set of evaluation parameters does not meet the second-stage benchmark but the first set of evaluation parameters is qualified. The root cause of the defect is associated with the "optical diffuser". The "output" method is the same as before. For example, if it is found that there is a local dark area after the diffuser is installed, and the uniformity of the bare lamp board is good, then output the second defect information of {"defect stage": "second stage", "suspected component": "optical diffuser", "phenomenon description": "local dark area appears after installation", "location coordinates": "(x1, y1)"},

[0069] Step S206, if the result is positive, continue to obtain the third set of evaluation parameters of the light-emitting component in the third stage.

[0070] The third stage refers to the final product state after the external light-transmitting cover is further installed on the basis of the installed diffuser. The third set of evaluation parameters refers to the set of optical parameters obtained by testing the final product state in the third stage, which is used to evaluate the influence of the cover on the light efficiency and the final sealing performance. The acquisition logic is the same as step S203.

[0071] Step S207, determine whether the third set of evaluation parameters meets the preset third-stage benchmark.

[0072] The third-stage benchmark refers to the most stringent optical and appearance quality standards preset for the final product (third stage). The evaluation process will assess whether the cover causes undue brightness loss, color shift, scratch refraction, or light leakage due to assembly gaps.

[0073] Step S208: If not, output the third defect information, which indicates that the defect is related to the external light-transmitting cover.

[0074] The third defect information refers to the diagnostic report generated when the third set of evaluation parameters does not meet the third-stage benchmark, but the first two stages of testing are both qualified. This information points to the root cause of the defect as the "external light-transmitting cover" or the assembly seal. For example, if the inspection finds scratches on the cover surface causing abnormal glare, or poor edge assembly causing unexpected light leakage, the third defect information will be output, clearly indicating the cover problem.

[0075] Step S209: If yes, output "Sealing is good" information.

[0076] A "Good Sealing" message refers to a conclusive report generated when the third set of evaluation parameters fully meets the third-stage benchmark. This means that after all assembly stages are completed, the product's optical performance meets design standards. The output shows that the component has passed all online optical inspections. For example, the final report outputs {"Product ID":"XXX", "Inspection Result":"PASS", "Conclusion":"Optical performance and sealing are good at all stages"}.

[0077] Reference Figure 3 Methods for analyzing and determining image acquisition strategy information based on target emission patterns include: Step S300: The image acquisition strategy information includes acquisition trigger conditions, image sensor control parameters, and acquisition quality targets.

[0078] Image acquisition strategy information is a set of executable instructions and parameters that are predefined or generated in real time to achieve high-quality image acquisition. The acquisition trigger condition determines the moment or event when the image sensor begins acquisition, the image sensor control parameters specify the specific operating state of the device during the acquisition process, and the acquisition quality target defines the qualitative or quantitative requirements that the image data expected to be obtained should meet.

[0079] Step S301: In response to the target luminescence mode being constant-on mode, the acquisition trigger condition is stable luminescence. The control parameters include exposure time and frame rate for single-frame acquisition. The acquisition quality target is to obtain a grayscale image representing the overall luminescence surface.

[0080] The response refers to the strategy generation logic triggered when the system determines that the target's emission mode is constant-on mode. Emission stabilization refers to the emission component entering and maintaining a constant brightness output state, serving as a condition for safe data acquisition. Single-frame acquisition refers to the operating mode where the image sensor acquires only one frame of image after each trigger. Obtaining a grayscale image representing the overall emission surface means that the acquired single-frame image is expected to accurately reflect the spatial brightness distribution of the emission surface. For example, for constant-on mode, triggering occurs when the detected brightness output fluctuation of the component is less than 1%; the camera exposure time is set to 10 milliseconds, and the operating mode is single-frame triggering; the goal is to obtain an 8-bit grayscale image that can be used to measure overall brightness and uniformity.

[0081] Step S302: In response to the target emission mode being strobe mode, the acquisition trigger condition is periodic signal synchronization, and the control parameters include sampling rate, acquisition duration and phase relationship with the emission period. The acquisition quality target is to obtain a sequence of images covering the complete on / off cycle.

[0082] Periodic signal synchronization refers to the strict alignment of the image sensor's acquisition trigger timing with the electrical control signal (such as a PWM signal) for the periodic on / off state of the light-emitting component. Sampling rate refers to the number of image frames acquired by the image sensor per second. Phase relationship with the light emission cycle refers to the specific position of the control acquisition start moment within the light emission cycle (such as a "on-off" cycle). Obtaining a sequence of images covering a complete on-off cycle means that the acquired multiple frames must temporally contain at least one complete cycle of brightness change.

[0083] Step S303: In response to the target luminescence mode being a streaming mode, the acquisition trigger condition being a dynamic start signal, the control parameters including high frame rate and total number of frames, and the acquisition quality target being to obtain a continuous dynamic image sequence without motion blur.

[0084] A dynamic start signal refers to a specific trigger signal emitted by the light-emitting component when it begins to execute non-periodic continuous dynamic effects such as flowing water or scanning. A high frame rate refers to a frame rate significantly higher than that of conventional video capture, sufficient to freeze high-speed optical flow. No motion blur means that in each captured frame, the edges of the moving light band are clear, without any ghosting caused by target movement within the exposure time. Obtaining a continuous dynamic image sequence without motion blur refers to the goal of capturing a series of temporally continuous images that can completely reproduce the entire process of the optical flow animation.

[0085] Reference Figure 4 The methods also include: Step S400: The optical quality assessment parameter information includes at least brightness parameters and uniformity parameters.

[0086] Brightness parameters are numerical indicators used to quantify the luminous intensity of a light-emitting component or a specific area thereof. Uniformity parameters are numerical indicators used to quantify the consistency of luminous intensity between different locations on the surface of a light-emitting component.

[0087] Step S401: When the target emission mode is strobe mode, the optical quality evaluation parameter information also includes period consistency parameter and duty cycle parameter.

[0088] The period consistency parameter is a numerical indicator used to quantify the deviation between the actual flicker period of the light-emitting component and the preset standard period. The duty cycle parameter is a numerical indicator used to quantify the proportion of the duration of the luminous state (bright state) to the total period time within a complete flicker cycle. When evaluating flicker patterns, in addition to the basic parameters, these two parameters specifically describing timing characteristics must be calculated and output.

[0089] Step S402: When the target emission mode is a flowing mode, the optical quality evaluation parameter information also includes timing accuracy parameters and dynamic uniformity parameters.

[0090] The timing accuracy parameter is a numerical indicator used to quantify the error between the actual lighting time of each light-emitting unit and the preset ideal lighting time in the flowing dynamic effect. The dynamic uniformity parameter is a numerical indicator used to quantify the stability of the light emission uniformity of the illuminated area at each moment throughout the entire time range of the flowing dynamic process. When evaluating the flowing pattern, in addition to the basic parameters, these two parameters specifically describing dynamic and spatial consistency must be calculated and output.

[0091] Step S403: The brightness parameter is determined based on the average gray value or brightness value of the region of interest in the image sequence.

[0092] Determining the average grayscale or brightness value of a region of interest (ROI) in an image sequence refers to the process of calculating parameter values ​​from image data using a specific algorithm. One or more representative frames (such as a single frame in constant-on mode) are selected from the image sequence. One or more ROIs are delineated on the image, and the arithmetic mean of the grayscale or physical brightness values ​​of all pixels within each ROI is calculated. This average value is then determined as the brightness parameter for the corresponding region.

[0093] Step S404: The uniformity parameter is determined based on the standard deviation of pixel brightness within the region of interest or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum brightness value.

[0094] Within a selected area of ​​interest, the standard deviation of all pixel brightness values ​​is calculated. The smaller the standard deviation, the more concentrated the brightness distribution and the better the uniformity. Alternatively, the ratio (or normalized difference) of the maximum to minimum brightness value within the area is calculated. The closer this ratio is to 1, the smaller the brightness difference and the better the uniformity. For example, for a panel area, a standard deviation of 15 nits is calculated, or a ratio of 1.2 between the maximum and minimum brightness values ​​is calculated. The results are used as uniformity parameters to evaluate the spatial consistency of brightness.

[0095] Step S405: The period consistency parameter is determined by calculating the deviation between the actual emission period and the preset period based on the brightness change curve of the image sequence.

[0096] A brightness variation curve is a function curve extracted from an image sequence that shows the average brightness of a specific area of ​​interest changing over time. First, the peaks or rising edges of periodic fluctuations are identified from the brightness variation curve. The time interval between two adjacent identical feature points is measured as the actual emission period. Then, the absolute difference or relative error percentage between this actual period and a preset standard period is calculated. This difference or percentage is determined as the period consistency parameter. For example, if the actual period measured from the curve is 101 milliseconds and the preset standard period is 100 milliseconds, the calculated period consistency parameter (absolute deviation) is 1 millisecond, or (relative error) is 1%.

[0097] Step S406: The duty cycle parameter is determined by calculating the ratio of the bright state time within a single cycle to the total cycle based on the brightness change curve.

[0098] Within a complete cycle of the brightness variation curve, based on a preset brightness threshold (e.g., 50% of maximum brightness), the duration of brightness exceeding this threshold is defined as the bright state time. Then, the bright state time is divided by the total cycle duration, and the resulting quotient is determined as the duty cycle parameter. For example, if a cycle has a total duration of 100 milliseconds, and the brightness is above the threshold for 40 milliseconds, the calculated duty cycle parameter is 40%.

[0099] Step S407: The timing accuracy parameter is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time of each light-emitting unit identified by the image sequence and the preset timing time.

[0100] The actual lighting moment refers to the precise time point at which a specific light-emitting unit begins to emit light, determined from the image sequence by image recognition algorithms (such as edge detection and brightness threshold judgment). For each controlled light-emitting unit in the pipelined pattern, the actual lighting moment is compared with the theoretical lighting moment specified for that unit in a preset timing model (such as a timing table), and the time difference between the two (usually an absolute value) is calculated and determined as the timing accuracy parameter of that unit. For example, if unit A is preset to light up at 10 milliseconds, and image recognition determines that it actually lights up at 10.5 milliseconds, then the timing accuracy parameter (error) of unit A is determined to be 0.5 milliseconds.

[0101] Step S408: The dynamic uniformity parameter is determined based on the change of uniformity parameter in each time frame during the dynamic process of the flow.

[0102] Each time frame refers to an image frame selected in chronological order from multiple key time points in a flowing dynamic image sequence. Throughout the entire flowing dynamic process, multiple time frames at equal intervals or key action nodes are selected. For each image frame, the uniformity parameter (e.g., brightness standard deviation) of all illuminated areas at the current moment is calculated according to the method in step S404. The change of the uniformity parameter value over time is analyzed, for example, by calculating its maximum, minimum, average, or standard deviation. Finally, a dynamic uniformity parameter describing the stability of the uniformity of the entire dynamic process is determined by statistical values ​​(e.g., the difference between the maximum and minimum uniformity). For example, in a 100-frame dynamic sequence, if the uniformity (brightness ratio) of each frame fluctuates between 1.15 and 1.25, then a fluctuation range of 0.1 can be used as the dynamic uniformity parameter; the smaller the value, the more stable the dynamic process.

[0103] Reference Figure 5 The methods also include: Step S500: After obtaining the image sequence, perform temporal domain segmentation on the image sequence to obtain periodic image subsequence information corresponding to at least one complete emission cycle.

[0104] Temporal segmentation refers to the process of dividing a continuous image sequence into several segments based on the time dimension, so that each segment corresponds to a complete and repeatable unit of luminescence behavior. Temporal segmentation methods automatically identify the periodicity or specific start and end markers of brightness changes in the image sequence using algorithms. Periodic image subsequence information refers to a set of temporally continuous image frames and their corresponding timestamp data obtained after segmentation, covering a duration equal to one or more complete luminescence cycles. For example, for a 2-second image sequence (400 frames) acquired by a 2Hz strobe component, the algorithm automatically segments it into 4 segments by detecting the periodic peaks of the brightness curve. Each segment contains approximately 100 frames, corresponding to a complete "on-off" cycle. These 4 segments constitute the periodic image subsequence information.

[0105] Step S501: Analyze the periodic image subsequence information and extract the time-brightness curve information of each predefined receptive region on the light-emitting component.

[0106] A predefined region of interest (ROI) refers to an image region on the image of a light-emitting component that is pre-defined or determined through template matching, representing an independent light-emitting unit or a functional area (such as an LED bead or a segment of a light strip). The time-brightness curve information refers to the sequence data or fitted curve formed by the change of the average brightness value of an ROI over time within the time range of its corresponding periodic image subsequence. The extraction method involves calculating the average brightness value of all pixels within each predefined ROI for each frame in the subsequence, and then arranging the brightness values ​​in chronological order to form the brightness-time relationship data for that region. For example, for a module containing 8 LEDs, the algorithm calculates the average brightness frame by frame for each LED's ROI within a 100-frame subsequence covering one period (e.g., 0.5 seconds), ultimately generating a time-brightness curve information containing 100 brightness data points for each LED.

[0107] Step S502: Analyze the target emission mode and the time-brightness curve information, and calculate the corresponding optical quality evaluation parameters.

[0108] Analyzing the target emission mode and the time-brightness curve information refers to the logical process of applying specific mathematical operations or feature extraction algorithms to the extracted time-brightness curve information based on the physical definition of the emission mode to be evaluated (such as a strobe mode) to obtain quantified parameters. It involves the system calling the corresponding parameter calculation sub-process based on the target emission mode.

[0109] Step S503: When the target emission mode is constant light mode, determine the brightness parameter information based on the average brightness value of the time-brightness curve information, and determine the uniformity parameter information based on the standard deviation of the brightness distribution of the time-brightness curve information.

[0110] For constant-on mode, the time-brightness curve should theoretically be a flat straight line. Brightness parameters are determined by calculating the arithmetic mean of this curve; uniformity parameters are determined by calculating the standard deviation of all brightness values ​​on the curve (representing the brightness of the same area at different minute time points, or the brightness of different areas under the same mode). The standard deviation reflects the degree of brightness fluctuation over time or space. For example, if the brightness curve calculated from 200 frames of constant-on images of an area captured within 1 second has an average value of 1500 nits and a standard deviation of 30 nits, then the brightness parameter is determined to be 1500 nits, and the uniformity parameter to be 30 nits.

[0111] Step S504: When the target light emission mode is strobe mode, identify the bright state interval and the extinguished state interval in the time-brightness curve information, determine the period consistency parameter information based on the deviation between the time interval of adjacent bright state start points and the preset period information, and determine the duty cycle parameter information based on the ratio of the duration of the bright state interval to the total duration within a single period.

[0112] Identifying bright and dark states involves setting a brightness threshold and defining continuous periods in the time-brightness curve where the brightness exceeds the threshold as "bright states" and continuous periods where the brightness falls below the threshold as "dark states." First, the starting points of two adjacent bright states are located on the curve (e.g., the moment when the brightness exceeds the threshold), and the time difference between these two moments is calculated as the actual emission period. Then, the difference between this actual period and a preset period (e.g., 100 milliseconds) is calculated, and this difference is determined as the period consistency parameter. Simultaneously, within a complete period, the total duration of the bright states is calculated, and this ratio is divided by the total duration of the period; the resulting ratio is determined as the duty cycle parameter. For example, if the measured period is 101 milliseconds and the preset period is 100 milliseconds, the period consistency parameter is 1 millisecond; if the bright state lasts for 40 milliseconds and the period is 100 milliseconds, the duty cycle parameter is 40%.

[0113] Step S505: When the target light emission mode is the flowing mode, the rising edge of the time-brightness curve information where the brightness exceeds the preset threshold is identified as the actual lighting time information. The timing accuracy parameter information is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time information and the corresponding theoretical lighting time information in the preset timing model. The dynamic uniformity parameter information is determined based on the worst value of the brightness uniformity among the lit interest areas at multiple preset timing key points.

[0114] The rising edge moment refers to the precise time point when the time-brightness curve rises from below the threshold to above the threshold, usually calculated accurately using an interpolation algorithm. The preset timing model is a data table defining the standard times at which each area of ​​interest should be illuminated in an ideal flowing dynamic. For each area's curve, the rising edge moment is identified as the actual illumination time information; this moment is subtracted from the theoretical illumination time information specified in the timing model, and the absolute value is determined as the timing accuracy parameter information for that area (e.g., 2 milliseconds). For the dynamic uniformity parameter information, at multiple preset key time points in the flowing animation (e.g., 25%, 50%, 75% of the total duration), the brightness uniformity (e.g., the ratio of the maximum to minimum brightness value) of all illuminated areas at that time is calculated. Then, the worst uniformity value (i.e., the one with the largest ratio) is taken as the dynamic uniformity parameter information describing the worst case of uniformity in the entire dynamic process.

[0115] Step S506: Compare the calculated optical quality evaluation parameter information with the preset reference parameter range information or standard parameter curve information corresponding to the current assembly stage and target emission mode.

[0116] Reference parameter range information refers to the pre-defined acceptable value range (e.g., brightness: 1000-1200 nits) for each optical quality evaluation parameter, for a specific assembly stage and emission mode. Standard parameter curve information refers to a preset reference curve for dynamic parameters (e.g., an ideal brightness change waveform). Comparison refers to comparing the specific value or curve shape of each parameter with the corresponding reference range or standard curve retrieved from the database one by one.

[0117] Step S507: Determine whether each optical quality assessment parameter information meets the requirements of the corresponding reference parameter range information or standard parameter curve information.

[0118] For numerical parameters, determine whether they fall within a baseline range; for curves, determine whether the similarity (such as the correlation coefficient) with the standard curve exceeds a threshold. The requirement refers to the aforementioned interval or similarity threshold.

[0119] Step S508: If the condition is met, then the optical quality of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage and the target light-emitting mode is determined to be qualified.

[0120] Optical quality compliance information refers to an overall compliance report generated when all evaluated parameters meet the requirements. For example, it outputs a record with the following information: {"Product ID":"SN12345","Assembly Stage":"Second Stage","Test Mode":"Strobe","Result":"PASS"}.

[0121] Step S509: If it does not meet the requirements, then determine the optical quality abnormality information of the light-emitting component. The optical quality abnormality information includes at least the type of abnormal evaluation parameter and the corresponding deviation information.

[0122] Optical quality anomaly information refers to diagnostic reports generated when one or more parameters fail to meet requirements. The report must include the anomaly assessment parameter type, such as "duty cycle," and deviation information, such as "measured duty cycle 35%, standard requirement 40% ± 2%." For example, the output might be: {"Product ID": "SN12346", "Assembly Stage": "Stage 3", "Test Mode": "Flow", "Result": "FAIL", "Anomaly": {"Parameter": "Timing Accuracy", "Unit ID": "LED_05", "Measured Deviation": "3.5ms", "Allowable Deviation": "≤2ms"}}.

[0123] Reference Figure 6 The methods also include: Step S600: Multi-mode joint detection and comprehensive evaluation of the light-emitting components.

[0124] Multi-mode joint testing and comprehensive evaluation refers to a complete process in which, under the same current assembly stage, all or the main light emission modes of the same light-emitting component are tested sequentially, and the independent test results of each mode are integrated and analyzed to form a single evaluation conclusion on the overall optical performance of the component.

[0125] Step S601: During the current assembly stage of the light-emitting component, the light-emitting component is controlled to work in a variety of target light-emitting modes, including at least a constant light mode, a strobe mode, and a flowing mode, and multiple mode image sequence information is acquired based on the image acquisition strategy information corresponding to each target light-emitting mode.

[0126] Operating in multiple target illumination modes sequentially refers to the process where the control unit of the illumination component cyclically sends different mode drive commands to the component in a preset order (e.g., constant light, then strobe, then flowing light), causing it to continuously exhibit different illumination behaviors. Acquiring multiple mode image sequence information means that each time a new illumination mode is switched, the image acquisition control module controls the image acquisition unit to perform an independent image acquisition task based on the image acquisition strategy information specific to that mode, thereby generating an independent image dataset for each mode. For example, for a component in the second stage, the system first controls it to emit light in constant light mode and uses a single-frame acquisition strategy to obtain a grayscale image; then it controls it to switch to strobe mode and uses a synchronous trigger acquisition strategy to obtain a sequence of images; finally, it controls it to switch to flowing light mode and uses a high frame rate acquisition strategy to obtain another dynamic sequence of images. These three sets of image data constitute the multiple mode image sequence information.

[0127] Step S602 involves performing image sequence analysis and processing on each mode image sequence information to obtain optical quality evaluation parameter information of the light-emitting component under each target light-emitting mode at the current assembly stage.

[0128] The step of performing image sequence analysis and processing refers to independently calling and running the complete analysis and processing flow as described in steps S500 to S509 above for each mode image sequence information obtained in step S601. Obtaining the optical quality evaluation parameter information of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage under each target light-emitting mode refers to the output result of the above process, which obtains a complete and quantified set of performance parameters for each tested light-emitting mode.

[0129] Step S603: Based on the preset comprehensive scoring rule information, analyze and calculate all the obtained optical quality assessment parameter information to determine the comprehensive optical performance score information of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage.

[0130] The comprehensive scoring rule information is a predefined set of algorithmic rules and coefficients used to integrate multiple evaluation parameters from multiple modes into a single comprehensive evaluation score. Determining the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage involves performing mathematical operations (such as weighted summation and normalization) on all obtained multi-mode parameters according to the rules, ultimately generating a numerical value representing the overall performance level. For example, the rules stipulate that the constant-on mode accounts for 30% of the weight, the strobe mode accounts for 40%, and the flowing mode accounts for 30%; each parameter within each mode also has different weights; finally, a comprehensive optical performance score of 85 points is obtained through weighted calculation.

[0131] Step S604: Determine whether the comprehensive optical performance score information meets the requirements of the preset comprehensive performance qualification threshold information.

[0132] The comprehensive pass threshold information refers to the minimum passing score set for the comprehensive optical performance rating. Determining whether the comprehensive optical performance rating meets the requirements involves a logical operation that compares the calculated score value with this threshold. For example, if the preset threshold is 80 points and the measured score is 85 points, then it is considered to meet the requirements.

[0133] Step S605: If the condition is met, the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is determined to be qualified.

[0134] Overall optical performance qualification information refers to the final qualification conclusion generated when the comprehensive optical performance score meets the threshold requirements, meaning that the component's comprehensive optical performance has passed acceptance at this assembly stage. For example, the output is {"Product ID":"XXX","Assembly Stage":"Stage 3","Comprehensive Score":85,"Conclusion":"Overall optical performance qualified"}.

[0135] If the condition is not met in step S606, then the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is determined to be unqualified.

[0136] The "Overall Optical Performance Failure" message refers to the final failure conclusion and related information generated when the overall optical performance score fails to meet the threshold requirements. The information explicitly states that the component has failed the overall performance test. For example, the output might be: {"Product ID": "XXX", "Assembly Stage": "Stage 3", "Overall Score": 75, "Conclusion": "Overall Optical Performance Failure", "Failure Mode Hint": "Low Strobe Mode Score"}.

[0137] Reference Figure 7 The method for determining the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage by analyzing and calculating all obtained optical quality assessment parameters based on preset comprehensive scoring rules includes: Step S700: Based on the comprehensive scoring rule information, obtain the mode weight coefficient information corresponding to each target emission mode and the parameter weight coefficient information corresponding to each type of optical quality evaluation parameter.

[0138] The mode weighting coefficient information is a proportional coefficient assigned to each tested emission mode (such as constant, flicker, and flowing light) to characterize the relative importance of that mode in the overall performance evaluation. The parameter weighting coefficient information is a proportional coefficient assigned to each type of optical quality evaluation parameter (such as brightness, uniformity, periodicity consistency, etc.) within its respective emission mode to characterize the relative importance of that parameter in the mode's evaluation. It is obtained by querying and retrieving preset coefficient values ​​from the comprehensive scoring rule information pre-stored in a database or configuration file. For example, the rule defines: the mode weight for constant mode is 0.2, the weight for the internal brightness parameter is 0.6, and the weight for the uniformity parameter is 0.4; the mode weight for flicker mode is 0.3, the weight for the internal periodicity parameter is 0.7, and the weight for the duty cycle parameter is 0.3.

[0139] Step S701: Based on the mode weight coefficient information and parameter weight coefficient information, perform weighted calculation on each parameter in the obtained optical quality assessment parameter information to obtain the initial comprehensive score information.

[0140] Weighted calculation involves multiplying the original value (or normalized value) of each parameter by its corresponding parameter weight coefficient and the pattern weight coefficient of its respective pattern, and then summing the results of all parameters calculated according to this rule. The resulting initial comprehensive score is a preliminary numerical value reflecting the overall performance, generated through the above calculation process. For example, each parameter can be standardized (e.g., converted to a percentage system), and then calculated using the formula Initial Comprehensive Score = Σ(Pattern Weight × Σ(Parameter Standard Score × Parameter Weight)), yielding a value between 0 and 100 as the initial comprehensive score.

[0141] Step S702: Determine whether there are any parameters in the obtained optical quality assessment parameter information that are lower than the preset single-item rejection threshold.

[0142] Individual veto threshold information refers to the minimum acceptable performance limit set individually for each or each category of critical optical quality assessment parameters. This limit is typically a "safety line" that is more stringent than the standard pass / fail line. Determining existence involves iterating through all obtained parameters, comparing their values ​​one by one with the corresponding individual veto thresholds in the database, and checking if any parameter value is below its threshold. For example, the veto threshold for a brightness parameter might be "not lower than 90% of the standard value," and the veto threshold for a uniformity parameter might be "standard deviation not greater than 20 nits." If any parameter is found to fail to meet its corresponding veto threshold, it is determined to "exist."

[0143] Step S703: If it exists, determine the comprehensive optical performance score information as being below the comprehensive qualification threshold.

[0144] If a single-item rejection condition is triggered, regardless of how high the initial comprehensive score calculated in step S701 is, the final output comprehensive optical performance score will be forcibly set to a value that will definitely fail the overall pass assessment if the single-item rejection condition is triggered. This value is usually set directly below the comprehensive pass threshold. For example, even if the weighted initial score is 85 points, if a certain key parameter triggers a rejection, the system will forcibly set the final comprehensive optical performance score to 0 points or a score far below the pass line (such as 60 points).

[0145] Step S704: If it does not exist, the initial comprehensive score information is used as the comprehensive optical performance score information.

[0146] When all parameters meet their respective individual veto thresholds, the system adopts the initial comprehensive score calculated in step S701 and directly uses it as the final output comprehensive optical performance score. The final score is determined by the weighted calculation result. For example, if no parameter triggers a veto and the initial comprehensive score is 85 points, then the final comprehensive optical performance score will be 85 points.

[0147] Reference Figure 8 A multi-mode optical inspection system for dynamic luminous components of automotive exterior trim includes: an acquisition module for acquiring assembly stage switching trigger information, luminous mode instruction information, image sequences, and optical quality assessment parameter information; Memory for storing programs for multi-mode optical inspection methods of dynamically luminous components on automotive exteriors; The processor and memory can load and execute programs to realize a multi-mode optical detection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exteriors.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0149] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed as a multi-mode optical detection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim.

[0150] Computer storage media include, for example, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media that can store program code.

[0151] Based on the same inventive concept, this application provides a smart terminal, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed for a multi-mode optical detection method of dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim.

[0152] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is only one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, characterized in that, include: Obtain assembly stage switching trigger information; Based on the assembly stage switching trigger information, the control detection system and light-emitting components enter the current assembly stage. The current assembly stage includes at least a first stage without optical diffusers, a second stage with optical diffusers installed, and a third stage with an external light-transmitting cover installed. Obtain the illumination mode instruction information; Based on the light emission mode instruction information, the light emission component is controlled to work in the corresponding target light emission mode, wherein the target light emission mode includes at least constant light mode, strobe mode and flowing mode; Based on the target emission pattern, analyze and determine the image acquisition strategy information; Based on image acquisition strategy information, control the image sensor to acquire image sequences of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage; The image sequence is analyzed and processed to obtain optical quality evaluation parameters of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage and under the target light emission mode.

2. The multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for analyzing and processing image sequences to obtain optical quality assessment parameters include: Obtain the first set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the first stage; Determine whether the first set of evaluation parameters meets the preset first-stage benchmark; If not, output the first defect information, which indicates that the defect originates from the light-emitting unit; If so, continue to obtain the second set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the second stage; Determine whether the second set of evaluation parameters meets the preset second-stage benchmark; If not, output the second defect information, which indicates that the defect is related to the optical diffuser. If so, continue to obtain the third set of evaluation parameters for the light-emitting component in the third stage; Determine whether the third set of evaluation parameters meets the preset third-stage benchmark; If not, output the third defect information, which indicates that the defect is related to the external light-transmitting cover; If yes, output a message indicating good sealing.

3. The multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for analyzing and determining image acquisition strategy information based on target emission patterns include: Image acquisition strategy information includes acquisition trigger conditions, image sensor control parameters, and acquisition quality targets; In response to the target luminescence mode being constant-on mode, the acquisition trigger condition being stable luminescence, the control parameters including exposure time and frame rate being single-frame acquisition, and the acquisition quality target being to obtain a grayscale image representing the overall luminescence surface; In response to the target emission mode being strobe mode, the acquisition trigger condition is periodic signal synchronization, and the control parameters include sampling rate, acquisition duration and phase relationship with the emission period. The acquisition quality target is to obtain a sequence of images covering the complete on / off cycle. The target illumination mode is a streaming mode, the acquisition trigger condition is a dynamic start signal, the control parameters include high frame rate and total number of frames, and the acquisition quality target is to obtain a continuous dynamic image sequence without motion blur.

4. A multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The optical quality assessment parameters include at least brightness parameters and uniformity parameters; When the target emission mode is strobe mode, the optical quality assessment parameter information also includes period consistency parameter and duty cycle parameter; When the target emission mode is a flowing mode, the optical quality evaluation parameter information also includes timing accuracy parameters and dynamic uniformity parameters; The brightness parameter is determined based on the average gray value or brightness value of the region of interest in the image sequence; The uniformity parameter is determined based on the standard deviation of pixel brightness within the region of interest or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum brightness value; The periodic consistency parameter is determined by calculating the deviation between the actual emission period and the preset period based on the brightness change curve of the image sequence. The duty cycle parameter is determined by calculating the ratio of the bright state time within a single cycle to the total cycle based on the brightness change curve. The timing accuracy parameter is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time of each light-emitting unit and the preset timing time, as identified by image sequence recognition. The dynamic uniformity parameter is determined based on the changes in the uniformity parameter at each time frame during the dynamic process of the flow.

5. A multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: After obtaining the image sequence, the image sequence is segmented in the temporal domain to obtain at least one periodic image subsequence information corresponding to a complete emission cycle; Analyze the subsequence information of the periodic image and extract the time-brightness curve information of each predefined region of interest on the light-emitting component; Analyze the target emission mode and the time-brightness curve information to calculate the corresponding optical quality assessment parameters; When the target emission mode is constant light mode, the brightness parameter information is determined based on the average brightness value of the time-brightness curve information, and the uniformity parameter information is determined based on the standard deviation of the brightness distribution of the time-brightness curve information. When the target light emission mode is strobe mode, the bright state interval and the extinguished state interval in the time-brightness curve information are identified. The period consistency parameter information is determined based on the deviation between the time interval of adjacent bright state start points and the preset period information. The duty cycle parameter information is determined based on the ratio of the duration of the bright state interval to the total duration within a single period. When the target light emission mode is the flowing mode, the rising edge of the time-brightness curve information where the brightness exceeds the preset threshold is identified as the actual lighting time information. The timing accuracy parameter information is determined based on the error between the actual lighting time information and the corresponding theoretical lighting time information in the preset timing model. The dynamic uniformity parameter information is determined based on the worst value of the brightness uniformity among the lit interest areas at multiple preset timing key points. The calculated optical quality assessment parameters are compared with the preset reference parameter range or standard parameter curve information corresponding to the current assembly stage and target emission mode. Determine whether each optical quality assessment parameter meets the requirements of the corresponding reference parameter range or standard parameter curve. If it meets the requirements, the optical quality of the light-emitting component in the current assembly stage and under the target light-emitting mode is determined to be qualified. If it does not meet the requirements, then the optical quality abnormality information of the light-emitting component is determined. The optical quality abnormality information includes at least the type of abnormal evaluation parameter and the corresponding deviation information.

6. The multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Multi-mode joint detection and comprehensive evaluation of light-emitting components; During the current assembly stage, the light-emitting component is controlled to work in multiple target light-emitting modes, including at least constant light mode, strobe mode and flowing mode, and multiple mode image sequence information is acquired based on the image acquisition strategy information corresponding to each target light-emitting mode. The image sequence information of each mode is analyzed and processed separately to obtain the optical quality evaluation parameters of the light-emitting component under each target light-emitting mode at the current assembly stage. Based on the preset comprehensive scoring rules, all the obtained optical quality assessment parameters are analyzed and calculated to determine the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage. Determine whether the comprehensive optical performance score information meets the requirements of the preset comprehensive performance qualification threshold information; If it meets the requirements, the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is deemed qualified. If it does not meet the requirements, the overall optical performance of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage is determined to be unqualified.

7. A multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on preset comprehensive scoring rules, the method for analyzing and calculating all obtained optical quality assessment parameters to determine the comprehensive optical performance score of the light-emitting component at the current assembly stage includes: Based on the comprehensive scoring rules, obtain the mode weight coefficient information corresponding to each target emission mode and the parameter weight coefficient information corresponding to each type of optical quality evaluation parameter; Based on the mode weighting coefficient information and parameter weighting coefficient information, the parameters in all the obtained optical quality assessment parameter information are weighted and calculated to obtain the initial comprehensive score information. Determine whether there are any parameters among all the obtained optical quality assessment parameters that are lower than the preset single-item rejection threshold. If present, the comprehensive optical performance score will be determined as being below the comprehensive qualification threshold. If it does not exist, the initial comprehensive score information will be used as the comprehensive optical performance score information.

8. A multi-mode optical inspection system for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire assembly stage switching trigger information, light emission mode instruction information, image sequence, and optical quality evaluation parameter information. A memory for storing a program of the multi-mode optical inspection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior trim as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The processor and the program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the multi-mode optical detection method for dynamic light-emitting components of automotive exterior as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A smart terminal, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program is stored that can be loaded by a processor and executed according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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