Omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on rotation accumulation principle

Abstract

The invention discloses an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on a rotation accumulation principle, and belongs to the technical field of sand flow monitoring. The omni-directional grassland sand and dust monitoring system comprises a supporting rod, a rotating shaft rotationally connected to the supporting rod, a sand collecting structure arranged on one side of the rotating shaft and a wind direction plate fixedly connected to the side, away from the sand collecting structure, of the rotating shaft. According to the omni-directional grassland dust monitoring system based on the rotation accumulation principle, rotation motion of the rotating shaft is converted into linear motion through the transmission assembly, the sand collecting pipe is driven to reciprocate in the longitudinal limited interval, synchronous collection of dust of different heights can be achieved through a single device, and vertical dimension dust distribution data are obtained; the scientificity and economical efficiency of monitoring work are improved; meanwhile, when the sand collecting pipe ascends and descends, a linkage adjusting structure dynamically adjusts the opening area of the slit, the high flaring speed increasing rate and the low necking interference, and the capturing precision under different height scenes is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind and sand flow monitoring technology, specifically an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Background Technology

[0002] As an important part of the ecosystem, grassland wind and sand disaster monitoring is of great significance for ecological protection, disaster early warning and land management. As the core instrument for observing the structure of wind and sand flow, sand transport flux and sand particle size distribution, sand collector is a key technical equipment for carrying out grassland dust monitoring. Its performance directly determines the reliability and application value of monitoring data.

[0003] Currently, widely used sand collectors include stepped sand collectors and array sand collectors. However, traditional sand collectors have a single collection direction. Even with the addition of wind vanes in some improved models, it is still difficult to achieve flexible adaptation to the wind direction. They can only capture sand and dust in specific directions, resulting in significant bias in the monitoring data and failing to accurately reflect the distribution characteristics of sand and dust across the entire area. Secondly, if it is necessary to cover sand and dust flows at different heights, multiple sets of devices need to be deployed, which not only significantly increases the cost of equipment purchase and deployment, but also prevents single-height monitoring devices from obtaining vertical sand transport flux data, thus restricting in-depth analysis of sand and dust transport paths and sedimentation patterns. In addition, the openings of sand collectors at different heights are fixed. At higher heights, insufficient openings can lead to low sand collection efficiency, while at lower heights, airflow disturbances can cause inaccurate sand particle capture, further affecting data reliability.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the difficulty in flexibly adapting the collection direction to the wind, the need for multiple sets of devices to cover different heights and the inability to obtain vertical dimension sand transport flux data, and the insufficient sand collection efficiency and accuracy at different heights due to the fixed collection opening.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation, comprising a support rod, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the support rod, a sand collection structure disposed on one side of the rotating shaft, and a wind vane fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft away from the sand collection structure; The sand collection structure includes a sand collection pipe disposed on the side of the sand collection structure away from the wind vane, a plurality of slits disposed on the sand collection pipe and located at one end of the air inlet of the sand collection pipe for multi-directional collection of sand and dust, and a transmission component disposed on the rotating shaft and connected to the sand collection pipe for reciprocating movement of the sand collection pipe along a longitudinally defined range as the rotating shaft rotates. The plurality of slits are distributed in a ring on the side wall of the sand collection pipe. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system also includes a separation and collection structure located at the air outlet of the sand collection pipe for separating and storing sand particles from the air-sand mixture, and an adjustment structure located on the rotating shaft and connected to the transmission component for adjusting the opening area of ​​multiple slits as the sand collection pipe moves. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate around the support rod by the wind vane under the action of wind pressure difference, achieving automatic alignment of the sand collection structure with wind from any direction. This not only eliminates the need for additional power to drive directional adjustment but also ensures comprehensive sampling. Furthermore, the design of multiple slits arranged in a ring on the sand collection pipe further expands the collection range, thereby enhancing this omnidirectional collection capability and enabling efficient capture of sand and dust from various angles. This fundamentally ensures the unbiasedness and representativeness of the monitoring data. Simultaneously, the transmission component converts the rotational motion of the rotating shaft into linear motion, driving the sand collection... The sand collection tube moves back and forth along a longitudinally defined range, enabling simultaneous collection of sand and dust at different heights. This eliminates the need for multiple sand collection structures and allows for the acquisition of sand and dust at varying vertical heights, providing multi-dimensional support for analyzing sand and dust transport paths and settling patterns, thus enhancing the scientific rigor of monitoring. Furthermore, the linkage adjustment structure during the raising and lowering of the collection tube alters the state of the flexible components on the inner wall of the slit by inflating or deflating the tube, thereby adjusting the effective opening area of ​​the slit. This allows for a larger opening to increase the sand collection rate when the collection tube is at a higher height and a smaller opening to reduce air interference when it is at a lower height, ensuring accurate sand particle capture. A separation collection structure separates the sand particles from the airflow, allowing the separated sand particles to be directly stored in a dedicated component, ensuring thorough air-sand separation and further ensuring accurate sand particle collection. This improves the accuracy of measurements and the long-term reliability of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, in order to convert the rotational motion of the rotating shaft into the longitudinal reciprocating movement of the sand collection pipe, the transmission assembly includes a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft, an annular groove formed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, a lifting shaft sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft, a sliding block symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the lifting shaft and slidably connected in the annular groove, a movable shaft rotatably connected to the top of the lifting shaft, and a guide assembly disposed on the rotating shaft and connected to the lifting shaft and the sand collection pipe for the sliding block to slide along the annular groove, so that the lifting shaft drives the sand collection pipe to move longitudinally reciprocally. When the rotating shaft rotates, the connecting shaft rotates synchronously, and the sliding block on the inner side of the lifting shaft slides along the annular groove on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. Under the constraint of the guide assembly, the rotational motion is converted into the longitudinal motion of the lifting shaft, thereby driving the sand collection pipe to rise and fall. Thus, the motion mode conversion can be completed without additional power, realizing the smooth reciprocating rise and fall of the sand collection pipe within a limited range. A single device can obtain sand and dust samples at multiple heights, improving the accuracy of stratified collection.

[0008] Preferably, in order to provide precise guidance for the motion conversion of the transmission component, the guiding component includes a guide groove formed on the side of the rotating shaft corresponding to the sand collection pipe, a sliding frame that moves longitudinally in the guide groove, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the sliding frame and fixedly connected to one side of the lifting shaft, and a guide rod that runs longitudinally through the sliding frame and is fixedly connected to the guide groove. The sliding frame is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the end of the sliding frame away from the guide groove is connected to the air outlet of the sand collection pipe. The lifting shaft drives the sliding frame to move along the guide groove of the rotating shaft through the connecting frame. The guide rod runs longitudinally through the sliding frame and is fixed in the guide groove, which can form a double constraint on the movement of the sliding frame, limiting it to moving only in the longitudinal direction. Since the sliding frame is connected to the air outlet of the sand collection pipe, it can synchronously drive the sand collection pipe to rise and fall smoothly, avoiding deviation or shaking when the sand collection pipe rises and falls, and ensuring accurate collection position.

[0009] Preferably, in order to separate the air-sand mixture transported by the sand collection pipe, the separation and collection structure includes a cyclone separator fixedly connected to the sliding frame, a sand inlet pipe fixedly connected to one end of the air outlet of the sand collection pipe and fixedly connected to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator, and an exhaust pipe fixedly installed at the exhaust port of the cyclone separator. The sand inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the sliding frame. The air-sand mixture collected by the sand collection pipe is transported to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator through the sand inlet pipe. It rotates at high speed along the inner wall to generate centrifugal force. The sand particles are subjected to centrifugal force and settle to the bottom. The clean airflow is discharged from the exhaust pipe, thereby achieving efficient collection of sand particles and clean discharge of airflow, ensuring accurate measurement of sand collection volume. The sand inlet pipe is fixed on the sliding frame and rises and falls synchronously with the sand collection pipe to ensure continuous transmission.

[0010] Preferably, to further improve the integrity of sand collection and avoid sample loss, a filter screen for intercepting fine sand particles is fixedly installed inside the end of the exhaust pipe away from the exhaust port of the cyclone separator. The filter screen is designed so that when the airflow separated by the cyclone separator passes through the exhaust pipe, the fine sand particles remaining in the airflow are intercepted by the filter screen, and only clean airflow is discharged. The intercepted sand particles can be subsequently recycled to the collection component, thereby reducing the loss rate of fine sand particles, making the collected sand sample closer to the actual sand and dust composition, improving the accuracy of monitoring data, and avoiding secondary pollution caused by the scattering of fine sand particles.

[0011] Preferably, in order to achieve sealed storage and rapid sampling of the separated sand particles, the separation and collection structure further includes a collection box screwed to the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator for collecting the sand particles separated by the cyclone separator; the collection box is screwed to the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator, so that the sand particles that settle to the bottom of the cyclone separator can fall directly into the collection box for sealed storage. At the same time, when sampling, the collection box can be unscrewed to obtain the sand particle sample, and it can be screwed back on after sampling for reuse, thereby simplifying the sample recovery process and adapting to the operational needs of field monitoring scenarios.

[0012] Preferably, to adjust the opening area of ​​the slits, the adjustment structure includes annular bladders respectively disposed on the inner walls of the plurality of slits, a fixed pipe fixedly disposed in the sand collection pipe and fixedly connected to the annular bladders, and a suction gas assembly disposed at the guide groove and connected to the sliding frame and the fixed pipe for expanding or contracting the annular bladders. The outer side of the annular bladders is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the slits. The sliding frame moves synchronously by the lifting and lowering of the sand collection pipe, and the push rod moves the piston in the air cylinder as the sliding frame moves. Gas is injected into or extracted from the annular bladders through the air guide pipe and the fixed pipe, causing the annular bladders to expand or contract. When expanding, the opening area can be reduced, and when contracting, the opening area can be expanded, adapting to different collection scenarios.

[0013] Preferably, to achieve the expansion and contraction of the annular bladder, the suction assembly includes an air cylinder fixedly installed at the top of the guide groove, a piston that moves longitudinally within the air cylinder, a push rod passing through the bottom of the air cylinder and fixedly connected to the piston, and an air guide tube passing through the guide groove and fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder. The push rod is slidably connected to the air cylinder, and the end of the push rod away from the piston is fixedly connected to the sliding frame. The end of the air guide tube away from the air cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed tube. When the sliding frame rises, it pushes the push rod to move the piston upward, and the gas in the air cylinder is forced into the annular bladder through the air guide tube to expand it. Conversely, when the sliding frame descends, the piston moves downward, and the gas in the annular bladder flows back to the air cylinder to contract it, thereby ensuring the timely expansion and contraction of the annular bladder.

[0014] Preferably, in order to accommodate the lifting and lowering motion of the sliding frame and the rotational motion of the sand collection pipe, the air guide pipe is a flexible hose. The air guide pipe is made of flexible hose material, with one end fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder and the other end fixedly connected to the fixed pipe inside the sand collection pipe. When the sliding frame is lifted or lowered or the sand collection pipe rotates with the rotating shaft, the flexible hose can freely extend, retract and bend, avoiding interference with the lifting and lowering motion of the sliding frame and the rotational motion of the sand collection pipe, thereby ensuring the stability of the adjustment structure operation.

[0015] This omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system, based on the principle of rotational accumulation, uses a wind vane driven by wind pressure difference to rotate the shaft around the support rod, enabling the sand collection structure to automatically align with the direction of the incoming wind. It can achieve 360° omnidirectional monitoring without additional power, solving the problem of the single collection direction of traditional fixed devices. At the same time, the multiple slits distributed in a ring at the air inlet end of the sand collection pipe further expand the collection range and enhance the omnidirectional capture capability, enabling efficient capture of sand and dust from all angles and fundamentally ensuring the unbiasedness and representativeness of the monitoring data. This omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation converts the rotational motion of the shaft into linear motion through a transmission component. This drives the sand collection pipe to move back and forth along a longitudinally defined range, enabling simultaneous collection of sand at different heights. As a result, there is no need to set up multiple sand collection structures. A single device can acquire vertical dust distribution data, providing multi-dimensional data support for analyzing sand transport paths and sedimentation patterns, thus improving the scientific and economical nature of the monitoring work. This omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system, based on the principle of rotational accumulation, uses a linkage adjustment structure when the sand collection pipe is raised and lowered to dynamically adjust the slit opening area. This allows the sand collection pipe to expand its opening at higher elevations to increase the sand collection rate, and to shrink its opening at lower elevations to reduce air interference, thus ensuring capture accuracy at different heights. This omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system, based on the principle of rotational accumulation, can achieve efficient separation of air and sand through a separation collection structure. After separation, the sand particles are directly stored in a dedicated component to avoid secondary dispersion, further ensuring the accuracy of sand collection and improving measurement accuracy and long-term equipment reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand collection structure in an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sand collection pipe in an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the separation and collection structure in an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air extraction component in an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Support rod; 2. Shaft; 3. Sand collection structure; 31. Sand collection pipe; 32. Slit; 33. Transmission assembly; 331. Connecting shaft; 332. Annular groove; 333. Sliding block; 334. Lifting shaft; 335. Movable shaft; 336. Guide assembly; 3361. Guide groove; 3362. Sliding frame; 3363. Connecting frame; 3364. Guide rod; 4. Wind vane; 5. Separation and collection structure; 51. Cyclone separator; 52. Sand inlet pipe; 53. Exhaust pipe; 531. Filter screen; 54. Collection box; 6. Adjustment structure; 61. Annular bladder; 62. Suction assembly; 621. Air cylinder; 622. Piston; 623. Push rod; 624. Air guide tube; 63. Fixing tube. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] This embodiment provides an omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation, such as... Figures 1-7As shown, the omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system includes a support rod 1, a rotating shaft 2 rotatably connected to the support rod 1, a sand collection structure 3 disposed on one side of the rotating shaft 2, and a wind vane 4 fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft 2 away from the sand collection structure 3. The sand collection structure 3 includes a sand collection pipe 31 disposed on the side of the sand collection structure 3 away from the wind vane 4, multiple slits 32 disposed on the sand collection pipe 31 and located at one end of the air inlet of the sand collection pipe 31 for multi-directional sand collection, and a transmission component 33 disposed on the rotating shaft 2 and connected to the sand collection pipe 31 for reciprocating movement of the sand collection pipe 31 along a longitudinally defined range as the rotating shaft 2 rotates. The multiple slits 32 are arranged in a ring on the side wall of the sand collection pipe 31. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system also includes a separation and collection structure 5 disposed at the air outlet of the sand collection pipe 31 for separating the air-sand mixture and storing sand particles, and an adjustment structure 6 disposed on the rotating shaft 2 and connected to the transmission component 33 for adjusting the opening area of ​​the multiple slits 32 as the sand collection pipe 31 moves.

[0020] In use, the support rod 1 is fixed to the grassland monitoring area with concrete as the overall support for the device. When sandstorms occur on the grassland, the airflow acts on the wind vane 4 to create a wind pressure difference, driving the wind vane 4 to rotate the shaft 2 around the support rod 1. At this time, the sand collection structure 3 connected to one side of the shaft 2 rotates synchronously with the shaft 2, ensuring that the sand collection pipe 31 in the sand collection structure 3 is always aligned with the direction of the incoming wind. At the same time, the multiple slits 32 distributed in a ring at one end of the air inlet of the sand collection pipe 31 fully contact the incoming wind, achieving multi-directional sand and dust collection. However, during the rotation of the shaft 2, the transmission assembly connected to it... The component 33 converts the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 2 into linear motion, driving the sand collection pipe 31 to reciprocate along the longitudinally defined range to collect sand and dust. During this process, the adjustment structure 6 connected to the transmission component 33 will operate synchronously with the movement of the sand collection pipe 31, dynamically adjusting the opening area of ​​multiple slits 32 to adapt to different height collection requirements. Subsequently, the air-sand mixture collected by the sand collection pipe 31 is transported to the separation and collection structure 5 through its air outlet. The separation and collection structure 5 completes the air-sand separation and stores the sand particles. The entire process relies on the linkage of various structures to achieve omnidirectional and layered sand and dust monitoring.

[0021] Specifically, the transmission assembly 33 includes a connecting shaft 331 fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 2, an annular groove 332 formed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 331, a lifting shaft 334 sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft 331, sliding blocks 333 symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the lifting shaft 334 and slidably connected in the annular groove 332, a movable shaft 335 rotatably connected to the top of the lifting shaft 334, and a sliding block 333 provided on the rotating shaft 2 and connected to the lifting shaft 334 and the sand collecting pipe 31 for the sliding block 333 to slide along the annular groove 332, so that the lifting shaft 334 drives the sand collecting pipe 31 longitudinally. The guide assembly 336 is a reciprocating guide assembly. The guide assembly 336 includes a guide groove 3361 opened on one side of the rotating shaft 2 corresponding to the sand collection pipe 31, a sliding frame 3362 that moves longitudinally in the guide groove 3361, a connecting frame 3363 that is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 3362 and fixedly connected to one side of the lifting shaft 334, and a guide rod 3364 that runs longitudinally through the sliding frame 3362 and is fixedly connected to the guide groove 3361. The sliding frame 3362 is slidably connected to the guide rod 3364, and the end of the sliding frame 3362 away from the guide groove 3361 is connected to the air outlet of the sand collection pipe 31.

[0022] When the rotating shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the wind vane 4, the connecting shaft 331, which is fixedly connected to its top, rotates synchronously. At this time, the sliding blocks 333, which are symmetrically fixed inside the lifting shaft 334 on the outside of the connecting shaft 331, are constrained in the annular groove 332 on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 331 and slide as the connecting shaft 331 rotates under the linkage of the movable shaft 335 rotatably connected to the top of the lifting shaft 334 and the connecting frame 3363. At the same time, the sliding frame 3362, which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 3363, is doubly limited by the guide rod 3364 fixed in the guide groove 3361. It can only move longitudinally along the guide groove 3361. This constraint transforms the rotational sliding of the sliding block 333 along the annular groove 332 into the longitudinal reciprocating motion of the lifting shaft 334. The rotational connection design between the movable shaft 335 and the lifting shaft 334 ensures that when the connecting shaft 331 rotates, the sand collecting pipe 31 can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 2 without interfering with the lifting action. Finally, through the connection relationship between the sliding frame 3362 and the air outlet of the sand collecting pipe 31, the sand collecting pipe 31 is driven to move longitudinally reciprocatingly with the lifting shaft 334, completing the transformation from the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 2 to the longitudinal motion of the sand collecting pipe 31.

[0023] Furthermore, the separation and collection structure 5 includes a cyclone separator 51 fixedly connected to the sliding frame 3362, a sand inlet pipe 52 fixedly connected to one end of the air outlet of the sand collection pipe 31 and fixedly connected to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator 51, and an exhaust pipe 53 fixedly installed at the exhaust port of the cyclone separator 51. The sand inlet pipe 52 is fixedly installed on the sliding frame 3362.

[0024] When the air-sand mixture collected by the sand collection pipe 31 is discharged from its outlet, it will be transported to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator 51 through the fixedly connected sand inlet pipe 52. Since the sand inlet pipe 52 is fixedly installed on the sliding frame 3362, it can rise and fall synchronously with the sand collection pipe 31 to ensure that the cyclone separator 51 can achieve continuous and stable transmission of the air-sand mixture while rotating with the sand collection pipe 31. When the air-sand mixture enters the cyclone separator 51 along the tangential direction, a high-speed rotating airflow is formed inside. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sand particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the cyclone separator 51. After losing kinetic energy, the sand particles settle along the wall surface, while the purified airflow forms an internal vortex and rises. Finally, it is discharged through the exhaust pipe 53 fixedly installed at the exhaust port of the cyclone separator 51, completing the process of air-sand separation and preliminary sand particle collection.

[0025] The exhaust pipe 53 has a filter screen 531 fixedly installed inside the end away from the exhaust port of the cyclone separator 51 to intercept fine sand particles. The filter screen 531 is designed so that when the airflow separated by the cyclone separator 51 passes through the exhaust pipe 53, the fine sand particles remaining in the airflow are intercepted by the filter screen 531, and only clean airflow is discharged. The intercepted sand particles can be subsequently recycled to the collection component, thereby reducing the loss rate of fine sand particles, making the collected sand particle sample closer to the actual sand and dust composition, improving the accuracy of monitoring data, and avoiding secondary pollution caused by the scattering of fine sand particles.

[0026] Furthermore, the separation and collection structure 5 also includes a collection box 54 screwed to the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 51 for collecting sand particles separated by the cyclone separator 51.

[0027] When the air-sand mixture collected by the sand collection pipe 31 is transported to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator 51 through the sand inlet pipe 52, it rotates at high speed along the inner wall to generate centrifugal force, causing the sand particles to be thrown against the inner wall of the cyclone separator 51 and settle down to the bottom outlet. The collection box 54, which is screwed to the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 51, will receive the settled sand particles, achieving sealed storage of the sand particles. When it is necessary to obtain a sand particle sample, the collection box 54 is rotated to release its screw connection with the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 51, and the collection box 54 can be taken out to obtain the sand particles inside. After the sampling is completed, the collection box 54 is aligned with the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 51 and rotated in the opposite direction to re-screw and fix the two, restoring the sand particle collection function.

[0028] Furthermore, the adjustment structure 6 includes an annular bladder 61 respectively disposed on the inner wall of multiple slits 32, a fixed tube 63 fixedly disposed in the sand collection pipe 31 and fixedly connected to the annular bladder 61, and a suction air assembly 62 disposed at the guide groove 3361 and connected to the sliding frame 3362 and the fixed tube 63 for expanding or contracting the annular bladder 61. The outer side of the annular bladder 61 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slits 32. The suction air assembly 62 includes an air cylinder 621 fixedly installed at the top of the guide groove 3361, a piston 622 moving longitudinally in the air cylinder 621, a push rod 623 passing through the bottom of the air cylinder 621 and fixedly connected to the piston 622, and a guide air pipe 624 passing through the guide groove 3361 and fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder 621. The push rod 623 is slidably connected to the air cylinder 621. The end of the push rod 623 away from the piston 622 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 3362, and the end of the guide air pipe 624 away from the air cylinder 621 is fixedly connected to the fixed tube 63.

[0029] When the sliding frame 3362 moves longitudinally along the guide groove 3361 as the transmission component 33 moves, the push rod 623, which is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 3362, synchronously drives the piston 622 in the air cylinder 621 to move longitudinally. When the sliding frame 3362 rises, the push rod 623 pushes the piston 622 upward to compress the gas in the air cylinder 621. The gas is then transported through the air guide pipe 624 to the fixed pipe 63 in the sand collection pipe 31, and then diverted by the fixed pipe 63 to the annular bladder 61 on the inner wall of the multiple slits 32, causing the annular bladder 61 to expand. Since the outer side of the annular bladder 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the slit 32, the expansion reduces the opening area of ​​the slit 32. Conversely, when the sliding frame 3362 descends, the push rod 623 pulls the piston 622 downward to create a negative pressure in the air cylinder 621. The gas in the annular bladder 61 flows back to the air cylinder 621 through the fixed pipe 63 and the air guide pipe 624. After the annular bladder 61 contracts, it expands the opening area of ​​the slit 32, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the opening area of ​​the slit 32 to adapt to the collection needs at different heights.

[0030] In addition, in order to accommodate the lifting and lowering action of the sliding frame 3362 and the rotation action of the sand collection pipe 31, the air guide pipe 624 is a flexible hose. The air guide pipe 624 is made of flexible hose, with one end fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder 621 and the other end fixedly connected to the fixed pipe 63 inside the sand collection pipe 31. When the sliding frame 3362 is lifted or lowered or the sand collection pipe 31 is rotated with the rotating shaft 2, the flexible hose can freely extend, retract and bend, avoiding interference with the lifting and lowering action of the sliding frame 3362 and the rotation action of the sand collection pipe 31, thereby ensuring the stability of the operation of the adjustment structure 6.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, based on the technical solution and concept of this application, should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotation accumulation, comprising a support rod (1), a rotating shaft (2) rotatably connected to the support rod (1), a sand collection structure (3) disposed on one side of the rotating shaft (2), and a wind vane (4) fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft (2) away from the sand collection structure (3). Its features are: The sand collection structure (3) includes a sand collection pipe (31) disposed on the side of the sand collection structure (3) away from the wind vane (4), a plurality of slits (32) disposed on the sand collection pipe (31) and located at one end of the air inlet of the sand collection pipe (31) for multi-directional collection of sand and dust, and a transmission component (33) disposed on the rotating shaft (2) and connected to the sand collection pipe (31) for reciprocating movement of the sand collection pipe (31) along a longitudinally defined range as the rotating shaft (2) rotates. The plurality of slits (32) are distributed in a ring on the side wall of the sand collection pipe (31). The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system also includes a separation and collection structure (5) set at the air outlet of the sand collection pipe (31) for separating the air-sand mixture and storing sand particles, and an adjustment structure (6) set on the rotating shaft (2) and connected to the transmission component (33) for adjusting the opening area of ​​multiple slits (32) as the sand collection pipe (31) moves.

2. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (33) includes a connecting shaft (331) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft (2), an annular groove (332) formed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (331), a lifting shaft (334) sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft (331), a sliding block (333) symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the lifting shaft (334) and slidably connected to the annular groove (332), a movable shaft (335) rotatably connected to the top of the lifting shaft (334), and a guide assembly (336) provided on the rotating shaft (2) and connected to the lifting shaft (334) and the sand collection pipe (31) for the sliding block (333) to slide along the annular groove (332) so that the lifting shaft (334) drives the sand collection pipe (31) to move longitudinally reciprocally.

3. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The guide assembly (336) includes a guide groove (3361) opened on the side of the rotating shaft (2) corresponding to the sand collection pipe (31), a sliding frame (3362) that moves longitudinally in the guide groove (3361), a connecting frame (3363) that is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (3362) and fixedly connected to one side of the lifting shaft (334), and a guide rod (3364) that runs longitudinally through the sliding frame (3362) and is fixedly connected to the guide groove (3361). The sliding frame (3362) is slidably connected to the guide rod (3364), and the end of the sliding frame (3362) away from the guide groove (3361) is connected to the air outlet of the sand collection pipe (31).

4. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation and collection structure (5) includes a cyclone separator (51) fixedly connected to the sliding frame (3362), a sand inlet pipe (52) fixedly connected to one end of the air outlet of the sand collection pipe (31) and fixedly connected to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator (51), and an exhaust pipe (53) fixedly installed at the exhaust port of the cyclone separator (51). The sand inlet pipe (52) is fixedly installed on the sliding frame (3362).

5. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (53) has a filter screen (531) fixedly installed inside the exhaust port end away from the cyclone separator (51) for intercepting fine sand particles.

6. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The separation and collection structure (5) also includes a collection box (54) screwed to the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator (51) for collecting sand particles separated by the cyclone separator (51).

7. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment structure (6) includes an annular bladder (61) respectively disposed on the inner wall of the plurality of slits (32), a fixed tube (63) fixedly disposed in the sand collection pipe (31) and fixedly connected to the annular bladder (61), and a suction air assembly (62) disposed at the guide groove (3361) and connected to the sliding frame (3362) and the fixed tube (63) for expanding or contracting the annular bladder (61). The outer side of the annular bladder (61) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slit (32).

8. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The suction assembly (62) includes an air cylinder (621) fixedly installed at the top of the inside of the guide groove (3361), a piston (622) that moves longitudinally inside the air cylinder (621), a push rod (623) that passes through the bottom of the air cylinder (621) and is fixedly connected to the piston (622), and an air guide pipe (624) that passes through the guide groove (3361) and is fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder (621). The push rod (623) is slidably connected to the air cylinder (621), and one end of the push rod (623) away from the piston (622) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (3362). One end of the air guide pipe (624) away from the air cylinder (621) is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe (63).

9. The omnidirectional grassland dust monitoring system based on the principle of rotational accumulation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air duct (624) is a flexible tube.

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