Transceiving full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency assembly architecture and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a transceiving full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture and system, relates to the technical field of radio frequency communication and radar perception integrated front ends, and comprises the following steps: improving the stability of a system power-on process by combining an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) unified trigger mechanism with graded power-on time sequence control of a radio frequency switch, a power amplifier and an LNA (Low Network Alliance); flexible reconstruction of channels 1-4 is realized through combination of a 2 * 2 switch matrix structure and dynamic interconnection of a circulator and a dual circular polarization port, real-time rotation of a polarization state and dynamic adjustment of a beam main lobe direction are realized through combination of a Berry geometric phase algorithm and a dual-stage regulation and control strategy of a reflection array rotation element, the flexibility of beam generation is improved, and the beam generation efficiency is improved. The dual-mode polarization reflection array is combined with the full duplex circulator and the time sequence control module, so that three polarization combination modes under the same hardware platform are realized, and the polarization multiplexing efficiency of the communication system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated front-end technology of radio frequency communication and radar sensing, and in particular to a full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of integrated communication and radar systems, satellite communication and smart antenna technologies, in recent years, in multi-frequency and multi-mode concurrent scenarios, with the rise of new electromagnetic control technologies such as reflective arrays, phased arrays and reconfigurable smart surfaces, the structure of radio frequency front-ends is gradually developing towards "programmability" and "multi-mode".

[0003] Existing technologies still have shortcomings. Common full-duplex RF components mostly adopt independent transmit and receive channel structures, and link isolation is achieved through duplexers or circulators. They cannot dynamically switch modes according to communication direction or task requirements. For multi-beam communication scenarios, some studies use multi-array feeding or phased array technology to achieve three-beam or multi-beam radiation. This relies on multiple power amplifier links and switch groups to build complex signal paths, which increases RF loss and intermodulation noise, and also causes a sharp increase in system size and power consumption. Existing Berry phase modulation methods are mostly applied to static reflective arrays, which are insufficient in response speed to real-time polarization rotation and dual-mode switching, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of multi-mode collaborative transceiver. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture and system to solve the problems of common full-duplex RF components that mostly adopt independent transmit and receive channel structures, achieving link isolation through duplexers or circulators, and are unable to dynamically switch modes according to communication direction or task requirements. For multi-beam communication scenarios, some studies use multi-array feeding or phased array technology to achieve three-beam or multi-beam radiation, relying on multiple power amplifier links and switch groups to construct complex signal paths, increasing RF loss and intermodulation noise, and also causing a sharp increase in system size and power consumption. Existing Berry phase modulation methods are mostly applied to static reflective arrays, which are insufficient in response speed to real-time polarization rotation and dual-mode switching, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of multi-mode collaborative transceiver.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a full-duplex, dual-mode, three-beam radio frequency component architecture, comprising,

[0008] The initialization module is used to initialize five units: switch, load, array, power amplifier, and LNA.

[0009] The three-beam polarization working mode execution module is used to complete beam generation through switch matrix reconstruction and Berry phase dynamic rotation, and realize three independent and mutually exclusive mode global configuration templates.

[0010] The three independent and mutually exclusive modes include the band co-rotation circular polarization mode, the band first cross-polarization mode, and the band second cross-polarization mode;

[0011] The parallel switching module is used for running 9 global channels in parallel and switching between different running modes.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture described in this invention, the initialization of the five units—switch, load, array, power amplifier, and LNA—includes:

[0013] The switch initialization includes the FPGA triggering an internal power-on reset mechanism after the system is powered on, which forces all RF switch control signals to be pulled down to a low voltage.

[0014] The radio frequency switch includes a transmitting switch 1, a receiving switch 2, switches 3, 4, 5 and 6, and an absorptive switch 1;

[0015] The load initialization includes performing right-hand load matching on the basis of all switches being open, including setting the control terminal of the absorption switch 1 to a high-level voltage, so that it is normally closed to the built-in precision matching load.

[0016] The array initialization includes, after the switch is turned off and the right-hand load is matched, the control unit drives all rotating elements of the reflective array to return to the linear polarization reference state, and at the same time, the Berry phase compensation lookup tables for the three modes are preloaded into the FPGA internal RAM.

[0017] The three modes include the band co-rotation circular polarization mode, the band first cross-polarization mode, and the band second cross-polarization mode;

[0018] The three modes share a common set of hardware, including a dual circular polarization reflector array with L and R ports, a circulator, a 2×2 switch matrix, a transmit switch 1, a receive switch 2, an absorptive switch 1, an S1 transmit stop filter, an S2 transmit stop filter, an S1 receive stop filter, an S2 receive stop filter, a power amplifier, and low-noise amplifiers LNA1 and LNA2.

[0019] The 2×2 switch matrix consists of switches 3 to 6, forming four channels, including channel 1, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4;

[0020] The channel 1 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 4, and connects the circulator and the left-hand port;

[0021] The channel 2 is composed of a combination of switch 5 and switch 6, and connects the signal transmission port and the right-hand port;

[0022] The channel 3 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 6, and connects the circulator and the right-hand port;

[0023] The channel 4 is composed of a combination of switch 4 and switch 5, and connects the signal transmission port and the left-hand port;

[0024] The power amplifier initialization includes powering on the GaN power amplifier in a strict timing sequence of negative gate voltage first and positive drain voltage last after the switch and array initialization are completed, in order to avoid damage to the device due to reverse voltage breakdown and to establish thermal stability.

[0025] The LNA initialization includes applying power to the S1 and S2 dedicated low-noise amplifiers while the power amplifier is powered on and biased, establishing a stable bias so that the receiving link can respond to weak signals from the reflector array at any time.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture described in this invention, the global configuration template of the frequency band co-rotation circular polarization mode refers to respectively activating the S1 transmit link and receive link, constructing a bidirectional path for the left-hand circular polarization port, configuring the reflector array to generate the left-hand circular polarization main beam, maintaining impedance matching of the right-hand circular polarization port, delay stabilization and power amplifier enable.

[0027] The activation of the S1 transmission link refers to the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmission switch 1 through the SPI interface. After receiving the signal, the internal single-pole double-throw structure of the transmission switch 1 responds, and the blade arm switches from the disconnected position to the S1 transmission path terminal. The internal drive circuit latches the state and latches the conduction state. The transmission excitation signal then enters the circulator through the fixed S1 transmission impedance filter, thus completing the construction of the S1 band transmission signal path.

[0028] The activation of the S1 receiving link includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI interface, the receiving switch 2 switching its blade to the S1 receiving path terminal, connecting the output terminal of the circulator's receiving output to the input terminal of the S1 receiving filter, and completing the receiving link conduction and latching state.

[0029] The construction of the left-handed port bidirectional path includes the control unit sending four independent control frequency band co-rotating circularly polarized signals in parallel.

[0030] The independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal indicates that switch 3 controls IO to be set to high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand rotary port L.

[0031] The two independent control frequency band co-rotating circular polarization signals indicate that switch 4 controls IO to be set to high level, and conducts the left-hand rotating port L to connect to the common terminal of the circulator.

[0032] The three independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal refers to switch 5 controlling IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the transmit input;

[0033] The four independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signals indicate that switch 6 controls IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the circulator.

[0034] The configuration of the reflective array to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam includes the control unit calling the S1 mode phase command packet and driving the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction.

[0035] The geometric phase reconstruction refers to rotating all radiating elements of the left-handed rotary feed region to +45°.

[0036] All radiating elements in the right-hand rotary feed region are rotated to -45°;

[0037] The rotation process is completed in two stages: the first stage is 0°→±30°, and the second stage is ±30°→±45°.

[0038] Each radiation unit has a built-in photoelectric encoder that provides real-time feedback to confirm that all units have reached the target angle;

[0039] The method of maintaining impedance matching of the right-hand port includes the control unit sending an SPI command packet to the absorption switch 1 to drive the internal drive single-pole single-throw FET of the absorption switch 1 to remain in the on state and connect the right-hand port to the load terminal.

[0040] The delay stabilization and power amplifier enable signal only occurs when the S1 transmit and receive links are activated, a left-hand circularly polarized main beam is constructed, a reflector array is configured to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam, and right-hand port impedance matching is maintained. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it outputs a high-level enable signal to the power amplifier enable pin, triggering its bias circuit to enter the linear amplification state, thus completing the final activation of the transmit link.

[0041] When a traditional satellite communication link request is received, the S1 band left-hand circularly polarized signal incident in space is focused by the reflector array and coupled to the left-hand port L. It enters the common terminal of the circulator along path 1 and flows to the receiving output terminal according to the clockwise transmission characteristics of the circulator.

[0042] The left-hand circularly polarized signal is filtered by the S1 impedance filter and then input to the low-noise amplifier LNA1, which finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture described in this invention, wherein: the global configuration template of the first cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing dual-port independent transmit and receive paths, configuring the reflector array to realize the cross-polarization beam, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and stabilizing the delay and activating the transmit link.

[0044] The configuration of the S2 transmit RF band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmit switch 1 via the SPI bus, driving its internal GaAs FET structure to switch the RF path to the S2 transmit branch, while the non-selected branch is automatically connected to the built-in absorption load to prevent open-circuit reflection.

[0045] The transmit excitation signal then enters the circulator via the fixed S2 transmit impedance filter, thus completing the construction of the S2 band transmit signal path;

[0046] The configuration of the S2 receiving frequency band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI bus, so that its blade arm conducts the S2 receiving branch, connects the circulator receiving output terminal to the input terminal of the S2 receiving filter, and synchronously connects the other branches to the absorption load to suppress out-of-band noise coupling.

[0047] The construction of the dual-port independent transceiver path refers to the control unit outputting four independent control frequency band first cross-polarization signals in parallel.

[0048] The first cross-polarization signal of the 1-channel independent control frequency band indicates that switch 3 is set to a high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand port L.

[0049] The first cross-polarization signal of the two independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the left-hand rotating port L is connected to the common terminal of the circulator.

[0050] The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the three independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the output of the transmission link is connected to the right-hand rotary port R.

[0051] The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the four independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the right-hand rotary port R is connected to the transmit link input.

[0052] The configuration of the reflective array enables the cross-polarization beam control unit to call the S2 cross-polarization phase instruction package pre-stored in ROM to perform geometric phase control on the reflective array partitions;

[0053] The geometric phase modulation includes rotating all radiating elements in the left-hand circular receiving region to +45° to generate a +90° Berry phase difference, forming a high-purity left-hand circularly polarized receiving beam.

[0054] All radiating elements in the right-hand circularly polarized transmission region are rotated to -135°, generating a -90° phase difference, which is then combined to form a right-hand circularly polarized transmission beam.

[0055] The release of the right-hand port terminal load refers to the control unit sending a "disconnect" command to the absorption switch 1, causing its internal FET to turn off, disconnecting the right-hand port from the matched load, and fully connecting it to the transmit link of the path 2.

[0056] The delay stabilization and activation of the transmit link includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing a dual-port independent transmit and receive path, configuring the reflector array to realize the cross-polarized beam and releasing the right-hand port terminal load. After these operations are completed, the control unit starts the hardware timer T1, and after the hardware timer T1 overflows, it sets the power amplifier enable signal to a high level, triggering the power amplifier to enter the linear operating region.

[0057] When a positive ISAC probe communication link request is received, the spatially incident S2 left-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the left-hand region of the reflector array and coupled to the left-hand port L. It then enters the common terminal of the circulator along path 1 and flows to the receiving output terminal according to its clockwise transmission characteristics.

[0058] After being filtered by the S2 impedance filter, the signal is input to the low-noise amplifier 2, and finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture described in this invention, the global configuration template of the second cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, configuring the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path, configuring the reflector array to generate cross-polarized dual beams, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and stabilizing the delay and activating the transmit link.

[0060] The configuration of the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path means setting switches 3 and 6 to high level and connecting the common terminal of the circulator to the right-hand port;

[0061] Set switch 4 to low level and switch 5 to high level to turn on the power amplifier output terminal connected to the left-hand rotation terminal;

[0062] The configuration of the reflective array generates a cross-polarized dual-beam pointer control unit that calls the phase instruction packet of S2 cross-polarization mode two from the ROM and drives the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction.

[0063] The driving reflection array performs geometric phase reconstruction, which means that all the units in the left-handed transmission region are rotated to +135°, which is equivalent to generating a -90° Berry phase and forming a left-handed circularly polarized transmission main beam.

[0064] All units in the right-hand circular polarization receiving area are rotated to -45° to generate a -90° Berry phase, forming a right-hand circular polarization receiving main beam.

[0065] When multi-user polarization multiplexing and reverse link communication signals are received, the spatially incident S2 band right-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the right-hand region of the reflector array and coupled to the right-hand port R, and enters the circulator common terminal along the switch matrix path.

[0066] The signal flows to the receiving output terminal according to the clockwise transmission characteristic of the circulator. After being filtered by the S2 receiver filter, it is input to the low-noise amplifier 2 and finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture described in this invention, the 16-bit control word includes a 2-bit path selection control class, a 6-bit instruction execution control class, a 4-bit protocol extension reservation class, and a 4-bit chip addressing identification class.

[0068] The 2-bit path selection control class includes a low-order path selection bit and a high-order path selection bit, which are used to determine the specific working path of the RF switch and realize the switching between the S1 and S2 frequency bands and the off state.

[0069] The 6-bit instruction execution control class includes a spare control bit, an enable bit, the least significant bit of the function code, the second least significant bit of the function code, the second most significant bit of the function code, and the most significant bit of the function code.

[0070] The spare control bit is used to reserve for future expansion;

[0071] The enable bit is used to determine whether the control command is effective;

[0072] The least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the function code are used to define the operation type.

[0073] The 4-bit protocol extension reserved class includes the least reserved bit, the second least reserved bit, the second most reserved bit, and the most reserved bit, which are currently fixed to all 0s and are reserved for future protocol upgrades.

[0074] The 4-bit chip addressing identification class includes the least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the chip address, which are used to form a 4-bit chip address code to uniquely identify the target switch chip in a multi-channel system.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture described in this invention, wherein the parallel operation and switching of the 9 global channels in different modes include:

[0076] Upon receiving a link communication signal, the control unit selects one of three modes based on the type of the received link communication signal, reads the global configuration template of the corresponding mode from the ROM, generates and broadcasts a 9-channel global synchronization control instruction package, and each channel executes the global configuration template corresponding to the mode in parallel under the trigger of the rising edge of SYNC.

[0077] When switching modes, the preset actions must be performed first, and then the global configuration template corresponding to the mode must be executed.

[0078] The preset action includes the control unit first setting the power amplifier enable signal to a low level to forcibly shut down the power amplifier output, and then starting the internal hardware timer T1. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it ensures that the residual energy in the RF link is discharged to the terminal load through the transmit impedance filter and circulator, so as to avoid the introduction of transient interference by subsequent switching operations.

[0079] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements any step of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0080] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0081] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention improves the stability of the system power-on process by combining the unified triggering mechanism of FPGA with the hierarchical power-on timing control of RF switches, power amplifiers and LNAs; it realizes flexible reconfiguration of channels 1 to 4 by combining a 2×2 switch matrix structure with the dynamic interconnection of circulators and dual circular polarization ports; it realizes real-time rotation of polarization state and dynamic adjustment of beam main lobe direction by combining the Berry geometric phase algorithm with the dual-stage control strategy of the rotating element of the reflector array, thereby improving the flexibility of beam generation; and it realizes three polarization combination modes under the same hardware platform by combining a dual-mode polarized reflector array with a full-duplex circulator and timing control module, thereby improving the polarization multiplexing efficiency of the communication system. Attached Figure Description

[0082] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0083] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture in Example 1.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the frequency band co-rotation circular polarization mode configuration of the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture in Example 1.

[0085] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the first cross-polarization mode configuration of the frequency band in the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture in Example 1.

[0086] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the second cross-polarization mode configuration of the frequency band in the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture of Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0087] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0088] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0089] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0090] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 4 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture, including the following steps:

[0091] S1. Initialize the five units: switch, load, array, power amplifier, and LNA.

[0092] Preferably, the switch initialization includes, after the system is powered on, the FPGA (programmable semiconductor device) triggers an internal power-on reset mechanism to force all RF switch control signals to be pulled down to a low voltage (0V);

[0093] The radio frequency switch includes a transmitting switch 1, a receiving switch 2, switches 3 to 6, and an absorptive switch 1;

[0094] The load initialization includes performing right-hand load matching with all switches open, including setting the control terminal of the absorption switch 1 to a high level voltage (e.g., 3.3V) to make it normally closed to the built-in precision matching load (e.g., 50Ω).

[0095] The array initialization includes, after the switch is turned off and the right-hand load is matched, the control unit drives all rotating elements (electrically adjustable liquid crystal / varactor tube + mechanical stepper motor) of the reflective array to return to the linear polarization reference state, and at the same time, the Berry phase compensation lookup tables of the three modes are preloaded into the FPGA's internal Block RAM (block random access memory).

[0096] The three modes include the same-rotation circular polarization mode (receive left-rotation, transmit left-rotation), the first cross-polarization mode of the frequency band (receive left-rotation, transmit right-rotation), and the second cross-polarization mode of the frequency band (receive right-rotation, transmit left-rotation).

[0097] The three modes share a common set of hardware, including a dual circular polarized reflector array (including L / R ports), a circulator, a 2×2 switch matrix (switches 3, 4, 5 and 6), a transmit switch 1, a receive switch 2, an absorptive switch 1, an S1 transmit stop filter, an S2 transmit stop filter, an S1 receive stop filter, an S2 receive stop filter, a power amplifier, and low-noise amplifiers LNA1 and LNA2.

[0098] The 2×2 switch matrix consists of switches 3 to 6, forming four channels, including channel 1, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4;

[0099] The channel 1 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 4, which connects the circulator and the left-hand port (L) for S1 to rotate in the same direction and S2 to receive left-hand rotation;

[0100] The channel 2 is composed of a combination of switch 5 and switch 6, which connects the transmission signal and the right-hand rotation port (R) for S2 transmission of right-hand rotation;

[0101] The channel 3 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 6, connecting the circulator and the right-hand port (R), and is used for S2 to receive the right-hand rotation;

[0102] The channel 4 is composed of a combination of switch 4 and switch 5, which connects the transmission signal and the left-hand port (L) for S2 to transmit the left-hand signal;

[0103] The power amplifier initialization includes powering on the GaN power amplifier in a strict timing sequence of negative gate voltage first and positive drain voltage last after the switch and array initialization are completed, in order to avoid damage to the device due to reverse voltage breakdown and to establish thermal stability.

[0104] The LNA initialization includes applying power to the S1 and S2 dedicated low-noise amplifiers while the power amplifier is powered on and biased, establishing a stable bias so that the receiving link can respond to weak signals from the reflector array at any time.

[0105] After the system is powered on, the FPGA triggers the internal power-on reset mechanism, forcing all RF switch control signals to be pulled down to a low voltage, thus achieving a fully disconnected and isolated state of the RF path at the moment of power-on. Through right-hand load matching, breakdown and parasitic oscillation caused by transient reflection are avoided. Through array initialization, the phase of subsequent polarization mode conversion is ensured to be predictable. Through power amplifier and LNA initialization, a voltage timing protection mechanism is implemented.

[0106] S2. Beam generation is completed through switch matrix reconstruction and Berry phase dynamic rotation, realizing three independent and mutually exclusive mode global configuration templates;

[0107] Preferably, the global configuration template for the same-band circular polarization mode refers to activating the S1 transmit link and receive link, constructing a bidirectional path for the left-hand circular port, configuring the reflector array to generate the left-hand circular polarization main beam, maintaining impedance matching at the right-hand port, delay stabilization, and power amplifier enabling, respectively.

[0108] The activation of the S1 transmission link refers to the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmission switch 1 through the SPI interface. After receiving the signal, the transmission switch 1 responds with its internal single-pole double-throw structure, and the blade arm switches from the disconnected position to the S1 transmission path terminal. The internal drive circuit latches the state and latches the conduction state. The transmission excitation signal then enters the circulator through the fixedly connected S1 transmission impedance filter (used to suppress harmonics and out-of-band radiation), thus completing the construction of the S1 band transmission signal path.

[0109] The activation of the S1 receiving link includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI interface, the receiving switch 2 switching its blade to the S1 receiving path terminal, connecting the output terminal of the circulator's receiving output to the input terminal of the S1 receiving filter, and completing the receiving link conduction and latching state.

[0110] The construction of the left-handed port bidirectional path includes the control unit sending four independent control frequency band co-rotating circularly polarized signals in parallel.

[0111] The independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal indicates that switch 3 controls IO to be set to high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand rotary port L.

[0112] The two independent control frequency band co-rotating circular polarization signals indicate that switch 4 controls IO to be set to high level, and conducts the left-hand rotating port L to connect to the common terminal of the circulator.

[0113] The three independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal refers to switch 5 controlling IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the transmit input;

[0114] The four independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signals indicate that switch 6 controls IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the circulator.

[0115] This creates a low-loss, highly isolated left-hand bidirectional RF path (path 1), while the right-hand port is effectively isolated.

[0116] The configuration of the reflective array to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam includes the control unit calling the S1 mode phase instruction package (pre-stored in ROM) and driving the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction;

[0117] The geometric phase reconstruction refers to rotating all radiating elements in the left-handed feed region (corresponding to the L-port radiating element) to +45°;

[0118] All radiating elements in the right-hand rotary feed region (corresponding to the R-port radiating element) are rotated to -45°;

[0119] The rotation process is completed in two stages: the first stage is 0°→±30° (coarse adjustment to ±30° at a rate of 200° / ms), and the second stage is ±30°→±45° (fine adjustment to the target angle in 1° steps).

[0120] Each radiation unit has a built-in photoelectric encoder that provides real-time feedback to confirm that all units have reached the target angle;

[0121] The method of maintaining impedance matching of the right-hand port includes the control unit sending an SPI command packet ("keep on" command) to the absorption switch 1, driving the internal drive single-pole single-throw FET of the absorption switch 1 to keep it in the on state, and connecting the right-hand port to the load terminal.

[0122] The load terminal integrates a temperature compensation circuit to prevent impedance mismatch in the reflection array caused by the port being left floating.

[0123] The delay stabilization and power amplifier enable signal only occurs when the S1 transmit and receive links are activated, a left-hand circularly polarized main beam is constructed, a reflector array is configured to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam, and right-hand port impedance matching is maintained. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it outputs a high-level enable signal to the power amplifier enable pin, triggering its bias circuit to enter the linear amplification state, thus completing the final activation of the transmit link.

[0124] When a traditional satellite communication link request is received, the S1 band left-hand circularly polarized signal incident in space is focused by the reflector array and coupled to the left-hand port L. It then enters the common terminal (port 1) of the circulator along path 1 and flows to the receiving output terminal (port 3) according to the clockwise transmission characteristics of the circulator.

[0125] The left-hand circularly polarized signal is filtered by the S1 cutoff filter (out-of-band rejection ≥50dB) and then input to the low-noise amplifier LNA1 (gain ≥25dB, noise figure ≤1.2dB), finally outputting an intermediate frequency analog signal;

[0126] Working principle: Excitation → Resistor filter → Circulator → Path 1 → Left-hand circularly polarized port → Reflector array → Left-hand circularly polarized radiation;

[0127] Receive: Left-handed signal → Left-handed port → Path 1 → Circulator → Receiving / Receiving filter → LNA1 → Intermediate frequency;

[0128] The 16-bit control word includes a 2-bit path selection control class, a 6-bit instruction execution control class, a 4-bit protocol extension reservation class, and a 4-bit chip addressing identification class;

[0129] The 2-bit path selection control class includes a low-order path selection bit and a high-order path selection bit, which are used to determine the specific working path of the RF switch and realize the switching between the S1 and S2 frequency bands and the off state.

[0130] The 6-bit instruction execution control class includes a spare control bit, an enable bit, the least significant bit of the function code, the second least significant bit of the function code, the second most significant bit of the function code, and the most significant bit of the function code.

[0131] The spare control bit is used to reserve for future expansion;

[0132] The enable bit is used to determine whether the control command is effective;

[0133] The least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the function code are used to define the operation type (such as switching, querying, and resetting).

[0134] The 4-bit protocol extension reserved class includes the least reserved bit, the second least reserved bit, the second most reserved bit, and the most reserved bit, which are currently fixed to all 0s and are reserved for future protocol upgrades.

[0135] The 4-bit chip addressing identification class includes the least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the chip address, which are used to form a 4-bit chip address code to uniquely identify the target switch chip in a multi-channel system (up to 16 chips are supported).

[0136] By reconfiguring the switching matrix, dynamic configuration of the RF link is achieved, enabling the system to seamlessly switch between different operating frequency bands and different polarization modes. Through dynamic Berry phase rotation, geometric control of beam direction and polarization is achieved. The two-stage rotation process improves control accuracy and stability, and avoids phase drift caused by rapid adjustment. In satellite communication, radar detection, or multi-mode communication terminals, it can achieve integrated mode switching, high polarization purity, fast system response, and stable and reliable energy efficiency.

[0137] Furthermore, the global configuration template for the first cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing a dual-port independent transmit and receive path, configuring a reflector array to realize cross-polarization beams, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and delay stabilization and activating the transmit link;

[0138] The configuration of the S2 transmit frequency band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmit switch 1 via the SPI bus to drive its internal GaAs FET structure to switch the RF path to the S2 transmit branch. At the same time, the non-selected branches (including S1 and other frequency bands) are automatically connected to the built-in absorption load (50Ω) to prevent open-circuit reflection.

[0139] The transmit excitation signal then enters the circulator via the fixed S2 transmit impedance filter, thus completing the construction of the S2 band transmit signal path;

[0140] The configuration of the S2 receiving frequency band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI bus, so that its blade arm conducts the S2 receiving branch, connects the circulator receiving output terminal to the input terminal of the S2 receiving filter, and synchronously connects the other branches to the absorption load to suppress out-of-band noise coupling.

[0141] The construction of the dual-port independent transceiver path refers to the control unit outputting four independent control frequency band first cross-polarization signals in parallel.

[0142] The first cross-polarization signal of the 1-channel independent control frequency band indicates that switch 3 is set to a high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand port L.

[0143] The first cross-polarization signal of the two independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the left-hand rotating port L is connected to the common terminal of the circulator.

[0144] The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the three independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the output of the transmission link is connected to the right-hand rotary port R.

[0145] The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the four independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the right-hand rotary port R is connected to the transmit link input.

[0146] All switches adopt an absorption SPST structure, and the non-conducting port is automatically matched to 50Ω.

[0147] The configuration of the reflective array enables the cross-polarization beam control unit to call the S2 cross-polarization phase instruction package pre-stored in ROM to perform geometric phase control on the reflective array partitions;

[0148] The geometric phase modulation includes rotating all radiating elements in the left-hand circular receiving area (corresponding to the L-port feeding area) to +45°, generating a +90° Berry phase difference, and forming a high-purity left-hand circularly polarized receiving beam.

[0149] All radiating elements in the right-hand circularly polarized transmission region (corresponding to the R-port feeding region) are rotated to -135°, generating a -90° phase difference, and synthesizing a right-hand circularly polarized transmission beam.

[0150] The rotation process is divided into two stages, with each unit feeding back its position via a built-in photoelectric encoder.

[0151] The release of the right-hand port terminal load refers to the control unit sending a "disconnect" command to the absorption switch 1, causing its internal FET to turn off, disconnecting the right-hand port (R) from the matched load, and fully connecting it to the transmit link of the path 2;

[0152] The delay stabilization and activation of the transmit link includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing a dual-port independent transmit and receive path, configuring the reflector array to realize the cross-polarized beam and releasing the right-hand port terminal load. After these operations are completed, the control unit starts the hardware timer T1, and after the hardware timer T1 overflows, it sets the power amplifier enable signal to a high level, triggering the power amplifier to enter the linear operating region.

[0153] When a forward ISAC detection (forward sensing integrated detection) communication link request is received, the spatially incident S2 left-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the left-hand region of the reflective array and coupled to the left-hand port L, enters the circulator common terminal along path 1, and flows to the receiving output terminal according to its clockwise transmission characteristics.

[0154] After being filtered by the S2 cutoff filter (out-of-band rejection ≥50dB), the signal is input to the low-noise amplifier 2 (gain ≥30dB, noise figure ≤1.5dB), and finally outputs a 70MHz±10MHz intermediate frequency analog signal for ADC sampling.

[0155] Working principle: Excitation → Resistor filter → Path 2 → Right-hand circularly polarized port → Reflector array → Right-hand circularly polarized radiation;

[0156] Receive: Left-handed signal → Left-handed port → Path 1 → Circulator → Receiving / Receiving filter → LNA2 → Intermediate frequency.

[0157] By calling the S2 cross-polarization phase instruction package pre-stored in the ROM by the control unit, geometric phase control is performed on the reflective array partitions. The polarization state can be accurately converted in the spatial domain, realizing the spatial separation and polarization orthogonality of the left-hand receiving beam and the right-hand transmitting beam. The control unit sends a disconnect command to the absorption switch 1 to turn off the internal FET, disconnect the right-hand port R from the matched load, and connect it to the transmission link, realizing the safe access of the transmission link and the orderly switching of the system state.

[0158] Furthermore, the global configuration template for the second cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, configuring the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path, configuring the reflector array to generate cross-polarized dual beams, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and delay stabilization and activating the transmit link.

[0159] The configuration of the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path means setting switches 3 and 6 to high level, and connecting the common terminal of the circulator to the right-hand port R (receiving path);

[0160] Set switch 4 to low level and switch 5 to high level to turn on the power amplifier output terminal connected to the left-hand rotary port L (transmit path);

[0161] This establishes independent transmit left-hand circular path and receive right-hand circular path, achieving physically isolated cross-polarization connection;

[0162] The configuration of the reflective array generates a cross-polarized dual-beam pointer control unit that calls the phase instruction packet of S2 cross-polarization mode two from the ROM and drives the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction.

[0163] The driving reflection array performs geometric phase reconstruction, which means that all the units in the left-hand transmission region (corresponding to the L-port radiation unit) are rotated to +135°, which is equivalent to generating a -90° Berry phase and forming a left-hand circularly polarized transmission main beam.

[0164] All elements in the right-hand circularly polarized receiving area (corresponding to the R-port radiating element) are rotated to -45° to generate a -90° Berry phase, forming a right-hand circularly polarized receiving main beam.

[0165] The rotation process is completed in two stages, with each unit feeding back its position via a built-in photoelectric encoder.

[0166] When multi-user polarization multiplexing and reverse link communication signals are received, the spatially incident S2 band right-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the right-hand region of the reflector array and coupled to the right-hand port R, and enters the circulator common terminal along the switch matrix path.

[0167] The signal flows to the receiving output terminal according to the clockwise transmission characteristics of the circulator. After being filtered by the S2 cutoff filter (out-of-band rejection ≥50dB), it is input to the low-noise amplifier 2 (gain ≥20dB, noise figure ≤1.5dB), and finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal with a signal-to-noise ratio ≥15dB.

[0168] Working principle: Excitation → Resistor filter → Path 4 → Left-hand circularly polarized port → Reflector array → Left-hand circularly polarized radiation;

[0169] Receive: Right-handed signal → Right-handed port → Path 3 → Circulator → Receiving / Receiving filter → LNA2 → Intermediate frequency.

[0170] By setting switches 3 and 6 to high level, switch 4 to low level, and switch 5 to high level, a reverse cross-polarization path of "right-hand reception - left-hand transmission" is established. This configuration connects the circulator's common terminal to the right-hand port (R) and the power amplifier output to the left-hand port (L), thereby achieving physical isolation between the transmit and receive links. The control unit calls the phase command packet of S2 cross-polarization mode two from the ROM and drives the reflector array to perform geometric phase reconstruction. According to the two polarization directions (left-hand and right-hand), the phase response of the units in different regions is controlled respectively, thereby generating two independent polarized beams in physical space.

[0171] S3 and 9 global channels can run in parallel and switch between different running modes;

[0172] Preferably, upon receiving a link communication signal, the control unit selects one of three modes based on the type of the received link communication signal, reads the global configuration template of the corresponding mode from the ROM, generates and broadcasts a 9-channel global channel synchronization control instruction package, and each channel executes the global configuration template corresponding to the mode in parallel under the rising edge trigger of the SYNC (Synchronization) signal.

[0173] When switching modes, the preset actions must be performed first, and then the global configuration template corresponding to the mode must be executed.

[0174] The preset action includes the control unit first setting the power amplifier enable signal to a low level to forcibly shut down the power amplifier output, and then starting the internal hardware timer T1. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it ensures that the residual energy in the RF link is discharged to the terminal load through the transmit impedance filter and circulator, so as to avoid the introduction of transient interference by subsequent switching operations.

[0175] By implementing the "select mode based on link communication signal type" step, adaptive mode recognition and switching control are achieved, enabling the device to dynamically adapt to changes in the external communication environment without manual intervention. By implementing the "read global configuration template of the corresponding mode from ROM" step, fast and consistent loading of parameter configuration is achieved. By implementing the "trigger execution mode template on the rising edge of SYNC" step, precise timing synchronization and high stability are achieved.

[0176] This embodiment also provides a computer device suitable for a full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0177] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0178] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the full-duplex, dual-mode, three-beam radio frequency component architecture as proposed in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0179] In summary, this invention improves the stability of the system power-on process by combining a unified FPGA triggering mechanism with hierarchical power-on timing control of RF switches, power amplifiers, and LNAs; achieves flexible reconfiguration of channels 1 to 4 through a 2×2 switch matrix structure combined with dynamic interconnection of circulators and dual circular polarization ports; realizes real-time rotation of polarization states and dynamic adjustment of beam main lobe direction through a Berry geometric phase algorithm combined with a two-stage control strategy of rotating elements of the reflector array, improving the flexibility of beam generation; and achieves three polarization combination modes under the same hardware platform by combining a dual-mode polarized reflector array with a full-duplex circulator and timing control module, improving the polarization multiplexing efficiency of the communication system.

[0180] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transceiver full-duplex dual-mode three-beam radio frequency component architecture, characterized in that: include, The initialization module is used to initialize five units: switch, load, array, power amplifier, and LNA. The three-beam polarization working mode execution module is used to complete beam generation through switch matrix reconstruction and Berry phase dynamic rotation, and realize three independent and mutually exclusive mode global configuration templates. The three independent and mutually exclusive modes include the band co-rotation circular polarization mode, the band first cross-polarization mode, and the band second cross-polarization mode; The parallel switching module is used for running 9 global channels in parallel and switching between different running modes.

2. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The initialization of the five units—switch, load, array, power amplifier, and LNA—includes: The switch initialization includes the FPGA triggering an internal power-on reset mechanism after the system is powered on, which forces all RF switch control signals to be pulled down to a low voltage. The radio frequency switch includes a transmitting switch 1, a receiving switch 2, switches 3, 4, 5 and 6, and an absorptive switch 1; The load initialization includes performing right-hand load matching on the basis of all switches being open, including setting the control terminal of the absorption switch 1 to a high-level voltage, so that it is normally closed to the built-in precision matching load. The array initialization includes, after the switch is turned off and the right-hand load is matched, the control unit drives all rotating elements of the reflective array to return to the linear polarization reference state, and at the same time, the Berry phase compensation lookup tables for the three modes are preloaded into the FPGA internal RAM. The three modes include the band co-rotation circular polarization mode, the band first cross-polarization mode, and the band second cross-polarization mode; The three modes share a common set of hardware, including a dual circular polarization reflector array with L and R ports, a circulator, a 2×2 switch matrix, a transmit switch 1, a receive switch 2, an absorptive switch 1, an S1 transmit stop filter, an S2 transmit stop filter, an S1 receive stop filter, an S2 receive stop filter, a power amplifier, and low-noise amplifiers LNA1 and LNA2. The 2×2 switch matrix consists of switches 3 to 6, forming four channels, including channel 1, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4; The channel 1 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 4, and connects the circulator and the left-hand port; The channel 2 is composed of a combination of switch 5 and switch 6, and connects the signal transmission port and the right-hand port; The channel 3 is composed of a combination of switch 3 and switch 6, and connects the circulator and the right-hand port; The channel 4 is composed of a combination of switch 4 and switch 5, and connects the signal transmission port and the left-hand port; The power amplifier initialization includes powering on the GaN power amplifier in a strict timing sequence of negative gate voltage first and positive drain voltage last after the switch and array initialization are completed, in order to avoid damage to the device due to reverse voltage breakdown and to establish thermal stability. The LNA initialization includes applying power to the S1 and S2 dedicated low-noise amplifiers while the power amplifier is powered on and biased, establishing a stable bias so that the receiving link can respond to weak signals from the reflector array at any time.

3. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The global configuration template for the same-rotation circular polarization mode in the frequency band refers to activating the S1 transmit link and receive link respectively, constructing a bidirectional path for the left-rotation port, configuring the reflector array to generate the left-rotation circular polarization main beam, maintaining impedance matching at the right-rotation port, delay stabilization and power amplifier enable. The activation of the S1 transmission link refers to the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmission switch 1 through the SPI interface. After receiving the signal, the internal single-pole double-throw structure of the transmission switch 1 responds, and the blade arm switches from the disconnected position to the S1 transmission path terminal. The internal drive circuit latches the state and latches the conduction state. The transmission excitation signal then enters the circulator through the fixed S1 transmission impedance filter, thus completing the construction of the S1 band transmission signal path. The activation of the S1 receiving link includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI interface, the receiving switch 2 switching its blade to the S1 receiving path terminal, connecting the output terminal of the circulator's receiving output to the input terminal of the S1 receiving filter, and completing the receiving link conduction and latching state. The construction of the left-handed port bidirectional path includes the control unit sending four independent control frequency band co-rotating circularly polarized signals in parallel. The independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal indicates that switch 3 controls IO to be set to high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand rotary port L. The two independent control frequency band co-rotating circular polarization signals indicate that switch 4 controls IO to be set to high level, and conducts the left-hand rotating port L to connect to the common terminal of the circulator. The three independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signal refers to switch 5 controlling IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the transmit input; The four independent control frequency band co-rotation circular polarization signals indicate that switch 6 controls IO to be set to low level, disconnecting the right-hand rotary port from the circulator. The configuration of the reflective array to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam includes the control unit calling the S1 mode phase command packet and driving the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction. The geometric phase reconstruction refers to rotating all radiating elements of the left-handed rotary feed region to +45°. All radiating elements in the right-hand rotary feed region are rotated to -45°; The rotation process is completed in two stages: the first stage is 0°→±30°, and the second stage is ±30°→±45°. Each radiation unit has a built-in photoelectric encoder that provides real-time feedback to confirm that all units have reached the target angle; The method of maintaining impedance matching of the right-hand port includes the control unit sending an SPI command packet to the absorption switch 1 to drive the internal drive single-pole single-throw FET of the absorption switch 1 to remain in the on state and connect the right-hand port to the load terminal. The delay stabilization and power amplifier enable signal only occurs when the S1 transmit and receive links are activated, a left-hand circularly polarized main beam is constructed, a reflector array is configured to generate a left-hand circularly polarized main beam, and right-hand port impedance matching is maintained. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it outputs a high-level enable signal to the power amplifier enable pin, triggering its bias circuit to enter the linear amplification state, thus completing the final activation of the transmit link. When a traditional satellite communication link request is received, the S1 band left-hand circularly polarized signal incident in space is focused by the reflector array and coupled to the left-hand port L. It enters the common terminal of the circulator along path 1 and flows to the receiving output terminal according to the clockwise transmission characteristics of the circulator. The left-hand circularly polarized signal is filtered by the S1 impedance filter and then input to the low-noise amplifier LNA1, which finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

4. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The global configuration template for the first cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing a dual-port independent transmit and receive path, configuring a reflector array to realize cross-polarization beams, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and stabilizing the delay and activating the transmit link. The configuration of the S2 transmit RF band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the transmit switch 1 via the SPI bus, driving its internal GaAs FET structure to switch the RF path to the S2 transmit branch, while the non-selected branch is automatically connected to the built-in absorption load to prevent open-circuit reflection. The transmit excitation signal then enters the circulator via the fixed S2 transmit impedance filter, thus completing the construction of the S2 band transmit signal path; The configuration of the S2 receiving frequency band path includes the control unit sending a 16-bit control word to the receiving switch 2 via the SPI bus, so that its blade arm conducts the S2 receiving branch, connects the circulator receiving output terminal to the input terminal of the S2 receiving filter, and synchronously connects the other branches to the absorption load to suppress out-of-band noise coupling. The construction of the dual-port independent transceiver path refers to the control unit outputting four independent control frequency band first cross-polarization signals in parallel. The first cross-polarization signal of the 1-channel independent control frequency band indicates that switch 3 is set to a high level, and the common terminal of the circulator is connected to the left-hand port L. The first cross-polarization signal of the two independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the left-hand rotating port L is connected to the common terminal of the circulator. The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the three independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the output of the transmission link is connected to the right-hand rotary port R. The first cross-polarization signal indicator of the four independent control frequency bands is set to high level, and the right-hand rotary port R is connected to the transmit link input. The configuration of the reflective array enables the cross-polarization beam control unit to call the S2 cross-polarization phase instruction package pre-stored in ROM to perform geometric phase control on the reflective array partitions; The geometric phase modulation includes rotating all radiating elements in the left-hand circular receiving region to +45° to generate a +90° Berry phase difference, forming a high-purity left-hand circularly polarized receiving beam. All radiating elements in the right-hand circularly polarized transmission region are rotated to -135°, generating a -90° phase difference, which is then combined to form a right-hand circularly polarized transmission beam. The release of the right-hand port terminal load refers to the control unit sending a "disconnect" command to the absorption switch 1, causing its internal FET to turn off, disconnecting the right-hand port from the matched load, and fully connecting it to the transmit link of the path 2. The delay stabilization and activation of the transmit link includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, constructing a dual-port independent transmit and receive path, configuring the reflector array to realize the cross-polarized beam and releasing the right-hand port terminal load. After these operations are completed, the control unit starts the hardware timer T1, and after the hardware timer T1 overflows, it sets the power amplifier enable signal to a high level, triggering the power amplifier to enter the linear operating region. When a positive ISAC probe communication link request is received, the spatially incident S2 left-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the left-hand region of the reflector array and coupled to the left-hand port L. It then enters the common terminal of the circulator along path 1 and flows to the receiving output terminal according to its clockwise transmission characteristics. After being filtered by the S2 impedance filter, the signal is input to the low-noise amplifier 2, and finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

5. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The global configuration template for the second cross-polarization mode of the frequency band includes configuring the S2 transmit frequency band path, configuring the S2 receive frequency band path, configuring the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path, configuring the reflector array to generate cross-polarized dual beams, releasing the right-hand port terminal load and delay stabilization and activating the transmit link. The configuration of the 2×2 switch matrix as a reverse cross path means setting switches 3 and 6 to high level and connecting the common terminal of the circulator to the right-hand port; Set switch 4 to low level and switch 5 to high level to turn on the power amplifier output terminal connected to the left-hand rotation terminal; The configuration of the reflective array generates a cross-polarized dual-beam pointer control unit that calls the phase instruction packet of S2 cross-polarization mode two from the ROM and drives the reflective array to perform geometric phase reconstruction. The driving reflection array performs geometric phase reconstruction, which means that all the units in the left-handed transmission region are rotated to +135°, which is equivalent to generating a -90° Berry phase and forming a left-handed circularly polarized transmission main beam. All units in the right-hand circular polarization receiving area are rotated to -45° to generate a -90° Berry phase, forming a right-hand circular polarization receiving main beam. When multi-user polarization multiplexing and reverse link communication signals are received, the spatially incident S2 band right-hand circularly polarized signal is focused by the right-hand region of the reflector array and coupled to the right-hand port R, and enters the circulator common terminal along the switch matrix path. The signal flows to the receiving output terminal according to the clockwise transmission characteristic of the circulator. After being filtered by the S2 receiver filter, it is input to the low-noise amplifier 2 and finally outputs an intermediate frequency analog signal.

6. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The 16-bit control word includes a 2-bit path selection control class, a 6-bit instruction execution control class, a 4-bit protocol extension reservation class, and a 4-bit chip addressing identification class; The 2-bit path selection control class includes a low-order path selection bit and a high-order path selection bit, which are used to determine the specific working path of the RF switch and realize the switching between the S1 and S2 frequency bands and the off state. The 6-bit instruction execution control class includes a spare control bit, an enable bit, the least significant bit of the function code, the second least significant bit of the function code, the second most significant bit of the function code, and the most significant bit of the function code. The spare control bit is used to reserve for future expansion; The enable bit is used to determine whether the control command is effective; The least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the function code are used to define the operation type. The 4-bit protocol extension reserved class includes the least reserved bit, the second least reserved bit, the second most reserved bit, and the most reserved bit, which are currently fixed to all 0s and are reserved for future protocol upgrades. The 4-bit chip addressing identification class includes the least significant bit, the second least significant bit, the second most significant bit, and the most significant bit of the chip address, which are used to form a 4-bit chip address code to uniquely identify the target switch chip in a multi-channel system.

7. The full-duplex dual-mode three-beam RF component architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The nine global channels operate in parallel and switch between different modes, including: Upon receiving a link communication signal, the control unit selects one of three modes based on the type of the received link communication signal, reads the global configuration template of the corresponding mode from the ROM, generates and broadcasts a 9-channel global synchronization control instruction package, and each channel executes the global configuration template corresponding to the mode in parallel under the trigger of the rising edge of SYNC. When switching modes, the preset actions must be performed first, and then the global configuration template corresponding to the mode must be executed. The preset action includes the control unit first setting the power amplifier enable signal to a low level to forcibly shut down the power amplifier output, and then starting the internal hardware timer T1. After the hardware timer T1 overflows, it ensures that the residual energy in the RF link is discharged to the terminal load through the transmit impedance filter and circulator, so as to avoid the introduction of transient interference by subsequent switching operations.

Images