Method for operating device in wireless communication system and device using the same

Abstract

A method for operating an apparatus in a wireless communication system and an apparatus using the same are provided. The method includes receiving modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information indicating an MCS index; determining a modulation order applied to a specific resource based on the MCS information; and transmitting a data channel by applying the determined modulation order, in which when the specific resource is a half-duplex (HD) resource, a first modulation order is determined as a modulation order applied to the HD resource, and when the specific resource is a full-duplex (FD) resource, a second modulation order is determined as a modulation order for the FD resource, and the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method for operating a device in a wireless communication system and an apparatus for using the method. Background Technology

[0002] With an increasing number of communication devices requiring greater communication capacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing radio access technologies. Furthermore, massive machine-type communication (MTC) that provides various services by connecting numerous devices and multiple objects is also one of the main issues to be considered in next-generation communications. Additionally, communication system designs considering reliability / latency-sensitive services / UEs are being discussed. The introduction of next-generation radio access technologies considering enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) is being discussed. In this disclosure, for convenience, such new technologies may be referred to as new radio access technologies (new RAT or NR).

[0003] In NR or post-NR wireless communication systems, full-duplex (FD) operation can be performed. When performing FD operation, the device can simultaneously perform downlink reception and uplink transmission within a specific time resource. Half-duplex (HD) operation differs in that only one of downlink reception or uplink transmission can be performed within a given time resource.

[0004] For FD operation, i) some frequency resources in the same time resource can be allocated as downlink subbands and other frequency resources can be allocated as uplink subbands (this can be called subband FD or SBFD (full duplex by subband)), or ii) frequency resources in the same time resource can be allocated for both downlink reception and uplink transmission (this can be called spectrum sharing FD or SSFD (full duplex by spectrum)).

[0005] Meanwhile, when transmitting transport blocks (TBs) through a data channel, it is necessary to determine the modulation order, target code rate, redundancy version, and transport block size (TBS) of the data channel. For example, when the channel quality of the data channel is good, a relatively high modulation order can be used, while when the channel quality of the data channel is poor, a relatively low modulation order can be used.

[0006] However, transport blocks can be transmitted across resources operating in half-duplex (HD) (hereinafter, HD resources) and resources operating in full-duplex (FD) (hereinafter, FD resources). In this case, channel quality can vary depending on the resource through which the transport block is transmitted. For example, in the case of FD resources, the channel quality may be worse than that of HD resources due to cross-link interference (CLI) and self-interference (SI).

[0007] In current standards, the same modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is applied to all resources used for transmitting transport blocks. That is, the same modulation order and the same target code rate are applied to all resources used for transmitting transport blocks. In this case, it is difficult to apply an optimal MCS tailored to the different channel qualities of each resource.

[0008] Furthermore, TBS is determined based on the modulation order and the target code rate. Therefore, when transport blocks are transmitted across HD and FD resources, it is necessary to clarify how TBS is determined. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Technical issues

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this disclosure is to provide a method for operating a device in a wireless communication system and an apparatus for using the method.

[0011] Technical solution

[0012] A method for operating a device in a wireless communication system and an apparatus using the method are provided. According to the method, a UE receives MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information indicating an MCS index, determines a modulation order applicable to a specific resource based on the MCS information, and transmits a data channel by applying the determined modulation order. In this case, when the specific resource is an HD (half-duplex) resource, a first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applicable to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, a second modulation order is determined as the modulation order for the FD resource, wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

[0013] In another aspect, a UE, a device, and a computer-readable medium for performing the above-described methods are provided.

[0014] On the other hand, a method for operating a base station and a base station using the method are provided. According to the method for operating the base station, the base station sends MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information indicating an MCS index to the UE, and receives a data channel in a specific resource for which a modulation order based on the MCS information is applied. In this case, when the specific resource is an HD (half-duplex) resource, a first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, a second modulation order is determined as the modulation order for the FD resource, wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] According to the method disclosed herein, even when the same transport block is transmitted across different types of resources (e.g., HD resources and FD resources), an MCS tailored to the channel environment of each resource transmitting the transport block can be applied, thereby improving the transmission performance of the transport block.

[0017] Furthermore, when transport blocks are sent through different types of resources, the method for determining the TBS is clarified, thereby preventing ambiguity. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the radio protocol architecture for the user plane.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the radio protocol architecture used for the control plane.

[0021] Figure 4 An example of a system architecture for a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) using NR is presented.

[0022] Figure 5 This illustrates the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC.

[0023] Figure 6 An example of a frame structure that can be applied to NR is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 The time slot structure of an NR frame is illustrated.

[0025] Figure 8 CORESET is shown as an example.

[0026] Figure 9 An example of a frame structure for a new radio access technology is shown.

[0027] Figure 10 An example of a self-contained time slot structure is shown.

[0028] Figure 11 The physical channel and typical signal transmission are illustrated.

[0029] Figure 12 This is an example of the repeating type A of PUSCH.

[0030] Figure 13 This is an example of the repeating type B of PUSCH.

[0031] Figure 14 An example of how to apply full-duplex within a carrier wave is shown.

[0032] Figure 15 An example is shown where time resources operating in half-duplex (HD) and time resources operating in full-duplex (FD), such as SBFD or SSFD, coexist.

[0033] Figure 16 Examples of first time resources, second time resources, first frequency resources, and second frequency resources are shown.

[0034] Figure 17 Another example of first time resources, second time resources, first frequency resources, and second frequency resources is shown.

[0035] Figure 18 An example of sending PUSCH across FD and HD resources is shown.

[0036] Figure 19 Other examples of sending PUSCH across FD and HD resources are shown.

[0037] Figure 20 The operation method of a UE in a wireless communication system is shown.

[0038] Figure 21 It shows when the application Figure 20 The method refers to the signaling process and operation between the base station and the UE.

[0039] Figure 22 A wireless device applicable to this paper is shown.

[0040] Figure 23 An example of the signal processing module structure is shown.

[0041] Figure 24 Another example of the structure of a signal processing module in a transmitting device is shown.

[0042] Figure 25 An example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0043] Figure 26 Another example of a wireless device is shown.

[0044] Figure 27 The communication system 1 used in this specification is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0045] In this specification, “A or B” may mean “A only”, “B only”, or “both A and B”. In other words, in this specification, “A or B” may be interpreted as “A and / or B”. For example, in this specification, “A, B or C” may mean “A only”, “B only”, “C only”, or “any combination of A, B, and C”.

[0046] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this specification can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0047] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0048] Additionally, in this specification, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0049] Additionally, the parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message". In other words, "control message" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDDCH" may be cited as an example of "control message". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message".

[0050] The technical features described individually in one of the accompanying drawings in this specification can be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0051] The accompanying drawings below are used to illustrate specific embodiments of this specification. Because specific names of devices or signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented illustratively, the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 This illustration shows a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied. This may also be referred to as an E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or an LTE (Long Term Evolution) / LTE-A system.

[0053] E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) 20, which provides the control plane and user plane to the user equipment (UE) 10. The UE 10 can be fixed or mobile and can be referred to by other terms such as mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), subscriber station (SS), mobile terminal (MT), radio device, terminal, etc. The BS 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and can be referred to by other terms such as evolved Node B (eNB), base transceiver system (BTS), access point, etc.

[0054] The BS interconnects via the X2 interface. The BS also connects to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 30 via the S1 interface, and more specifically, to the Mobility Management Entity (MME) via the S1-MME, and to the Serving Gateway (S-GW) via the S1-U.

[0055] EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW). The MME contains UE access information or UE capability information, which is generally used for UE mobility management. The S-GW is a gateway with E-UTRAN as its endpoint. The P-GW is a gateway with PDN as its endpoint.

[0056] The radio interface protocol layer between the UE and the network can be divided into three layers—Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3—based on the well-known Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model in communication systems. The Physical Layer (PHY), belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels. The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, belonging to Layer 3, controls radio resources between the UE and the network; therefore, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the radio protocol architecture used in the user plane. Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the radio protocol architecture used for the control plane. The user plane is the protocol stack used for user data transmission. The control plane is the protocol stack used for control signal transmission.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The PHY layer provides information transmission services to higher layers (i.e., higher-level layers) via physical channels. The PHY layer connects to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is higher up, via transport channels. Data is transmitted between the MAC layer and the PHY layer via transport channels. Transport channels are classified according to how data is transmitted through the radio interface and the characteristics of the data.

[0059] Data moves between different PHY layers (i.e., the transmitter's PHY layer and the receiver's PHY layer) via physical channels. Physical channels can be modulated according to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) schemes and use time and frequency as radio resources.

[0060] The MAC layer's functions include mapping between logical channels and transport channels, as well as multiplexing and demultiplexing into transport blocks provided via physical channels on the transport channels of MAC Service Data Units (SDUs) that belong to the logical channels. The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer through logical channels.

[0061] The RLC layer's functions include the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs. To ensure the various types of Quality of Service (QoS) required for radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction via Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0062] The RRC layer is defined only on the control plane. The RRC layer is associated with the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers, and is responsible for the control of logical channels, transport channels, and PHY channels. RB represents the logical path provided by Layer 1 (PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, and PDCP layer) for transmitting data between the UE and the network.

[0063] The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer on the user plane performs functions including the transmission of user data and header compression and encryption. The PDCP layer on the user plane also performs functions related to the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0064] RB configuration refers to defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide specific services and configuring various detailed parameters and operating methods. RBs can be divided into two types: Signaling RB (SRB) and Data RB (DRB). SRB is used as the channel for sending RRC messages in the control plane, while DRB is used as the channel for sending user data in the user plane.

[0065] If an RRC connection is established between the UE's RRC layer and the E-UTRAN's RRC layer, the UE is in RRC connected state. Otherwise, the UE is in RRC idle state.

[0066] Downlink transport channels used for transmitting data from the network to the UE include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user service or control messages. Service or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services can be transmitted via the downlink SCH, or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Furthermore, UL transmission channels used for transmitting data from the UE to the network include a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user service or control messages.

[0067] The logical channels located above the transport channel and mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Service Channel (MTCH).

[0068] A physical channel comprises multiple OFDM symbols in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A subframe comprises multiple OFDM symbols in the time domain. A Resource Allocation Unit (RB) is a unit of resource allocation that includes multiple OFDM symbols and multiple subcarriers. Additionally, each subframe may allocate specific subcarriers of a specific OFDM symbol (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) to the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), i.e., the L1 / L2 control channel. The Transmission Time Interval (TTI) is the unit of time for subframe transmission.

[0069] The following section describes the new radio access technology (New RAT, NR).

[0070] With an increasing number of communication devices requiring greater communication capacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing radio access technologies. Furthermore, massive machine-type communication (MTC) that provides various services by connecting numerous devices and multiple objects is also one of the main issues to be considered in next-generation communications. Additionally, communication system designs considering reliability / latency-sensitive services / UEs are being discussed. The introduction of next-generation radio access technologies considering enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) is being discussed. In this disclosure, for convenience, such new technologies may be referred to as new radio access technologies (new RAT or NR).

[0071] Figure 4 An example of a system architecture for a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) using NR is presented.

[0072] Reference Figure 4 NG-RAN may include gNBs and / or eNBs that provide user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE. Figure 4This example illustrates the case involving only the gNB. The gNB (eNB) connects via the Xn interface. Both the gNB and eNB connect to the 5G core network (5GC) via the NG interface. More specifically, the gNB and eNB connect to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) via the NG-C interface and to the User Plane Function (UPF) via the NG-U interface.

[0073] Figure 5 This illustrates the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC.

[0074] Reference Figure 5 The gNB can provide functions such as Inter-Cell Radio Resource Management (IRM), Radio Bearer Management (RB) control, Connection Mobility Control, Radio Access Control, Measurement Configuration and Provisioning, and Dynamic Resource Allocation. The AMF can provide functions such as NAS security and Idle State Mobility Processing. The UPF can provide functions such as Mobility Anchoring and PDU Processing. The SMF can provide functions such as UE IP Address Allocation and PDU Session Control.

[0075] Figure 6 An example of a frame structure that can be applied to NR is shown.

[0076] Reference Figure 6 In NR, radio frames (hereinafter also referred to as frames) can be used for both UL transmission and downlink transmission. The frame length is 10ms, which can be defined as two 5ms half-frames (HF). HF can be defined as five 1ms subframes (SF). SF can be divided into one or more time slots, the number of time slots within an SF depending on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot includes 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). With normal CP, each time slot includes 14 symbols. With extended CP, each time slot includes 12 symbols. Here, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0077] Table 1 below illustrates the subcarrier spacing configuration μ.

[0078] [Table 1]

[0079] Table 2 below illustrates the number of time slots (N) in a frame configured with subcarrier spacing μ. frame,μ slot The number of time slots in a subframe (N) subframe,μ slot ), the number of symbols in a time slot (N)slot symb )wait.

[0080] [Table 2]

[0081] exist Figure 6 The example shows the cases where μ = 0, 1, 2, and 3.

[0082] Table 2-1 below illustrates how the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary depending on the SCS when using extended CP.

[0083] [Table 2-1]

[0084] In NR systems, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently across multiple cells merged into a single UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., SF, time slots, or TTI) consisting of the same number of symbols (collectively referred to as Time Units (TUs) for simplicity) can be configured differently across merged cells.

[0085] Figure 7 The time slot structure is illustrated.

[0086] A time slot can include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of normal CP, a time slot can include 14 symbols (or 7 symbols), but in the case of extended CP, a time slot can include 12 symbols (or 6 symbols). A carrier can include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks (P) RBs in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through active BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for a UE. In the resource grid, each element can be called a resource element (RE), and a complex symbol can be mapped to an RE.

[0087] The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may include one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), as illustrated in Table 3 below.

[0088] [Table 3]

[0089] In other words, PDCCH can be transmitted through resources including 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs. Here, a CCE includes six Resource Element Groups (REGs), and a REG includes a resource block in the frequency domain and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the time domain.

[0090] The monitoring implies decoding each PDCCH candidate according to the downlink control information (DCI) format. The UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs (described below) on the active DL BWP of each active serving cell configured with PDCCH monitoring, based on the corresponding search space set.

[0091] In NR, a new unit called the Control Resource Set (CORESET) can be introduced. The UE can receive the PDCCH in the CORESET.

[0092] Figure 8 An example of CORESET is shown.

[0093] Reference Figure 8 CORESET includes N in the frequency domain. CORESET RB N in the resource block and time domain CORESET symb ∈{1, 2, 3} symbols. N can be provided by the base station via higher-layer signaling. CORESET RB and N CORESET symb .like Figure 8 As illustrated, a CORESET may include multiple CCEs (or REGs).

[0094] The UE can attempt to detect PDCCH in units of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs in the CORESET. One or more CCEs that can be attempted for PDCCH detection can be referred to as PDCCH candidates.

[0095] Multiple CORESETs can be configured for a UE.

[0096] The control area of ​​the wireless communication system (e.g., LTE / LTE-A) of the relevant technology is configured on the entire system BW used by the base station (BS). All UEs except for some UEs that only support narrowband (e.g., eMTC / NB-IoT UEs) must be able to receive the wireless signals of the entire system BW of the BS in order to properly receive / decode the control information sent by the BS.

[0097] On the other hand, NR introduces the aforementioned CORESET. A CORESET is a radio resource used to transmit control information received by the UE, and it can utilize only a portion of the system bandwidth instead of the entire system bandwidth. The BS can allocate CORESETs to each UE and can transmit control information through the allocated CORESETs. In NR, the UE can receive control information from the BS without having to receive the entire system bandwidth.

[0098] CORESET can include UE-specific CORESET for sending UE-specific control information and public CORESET for sending common control information for all UEs.

[0099] On the other hand, depending on the application domain, NR may require high reliability. In this case, the target block error rate (BLER) of downlink control information (DCI) transmitted via a downlink control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) can be significantly reduced compared to existing technologies. As an example of a method to meet the requirement of high reliability, the amount of content included in the DCI can be reduced and / or the amount of resources used when transmitting the DCI can be increased. In this case, resources may include at least one of resources in the time domain, resources in the frequency domain, resources in the code domain, and resources in the spatial domain.

[0100] The following technologies / features can be applied in NR.

[0101] <Self-contained subframe structure>

[0102] Figure 9 An example of a frame structure used for new radio access technologies is shown.

[0103] In NR, such as Figure 9 As shown, the structure in which the control channel and data channel are time-division multiplexed within a TTI can be regarded as a frame structure in order to minimize the waiting time.

[0104] Figure 9 An example is shown where the downlink control area is located at the beginning of the TTI, and the uplink control area is located at the end of the TTI. The area between the downlink and uplink control areas can be used for the transmission of downlink data (DL data) or uplink data (UL data). This structure is characterized by sequentially performing downlink (DL) reception and uplink (UL) transmission within a subframe / slot, allowing DL data to be received and UL ACK / NACK (acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment) to be sent within a subframe / slot. As a result, the time spent until data retransmission in the event of a data transmission error is reduced, and therefore the latency for eventual data delivery can be minimized.

[0105] As mentioned above, in the subframe structure of data and control TDM, there may be time intervals required for the base station and UE to switch from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. Therefore, some OFDM symbols during the DL to UL handover can be set as guard periods (GP) in the self-contained subframe structure.

[0106] Figure 10 An example of a self-contained time slot structure is shown.

[0107] In an NR system, a timeslot can contain DL control channels, DL or UL data, and UL control channels. For example, the first N symbols in a timeslot (hereinafter, the DL control area) can be used to transmit DL control channels, and the last M symbols in the timeslot (hereinafter, the UL control area) can be used to transmit UL control channels. N and M are both integers greater than or equal to 0. The resource area (hereinafter, the data area) located between the DL control area and the UL control area can be used for either DL data transmission or UL data transmission. For example, consider the following configuration. The time slots are listed in chronological order.

[0108] 1. DL configuration only. 2. UL configuration only. 3. Hybrid UL-DL configuration, - DL area + GP (protection period) + UL control area - DL control area + GP + UL area.

[0109] DL regions: (i) DL data region, (ii) DL control region + DL data region

[0110] UL area: (i) UL data area, (ii) UL data area + UL control area.

[0111] In the DL control area, the PDCCH can be transmitted, and in the DL data area, the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) can be transmitted. In the UL control area, the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) can be transmitted, and in the UL data area, the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) can be transmitted. Downlink control information (DCI), such as DL data scheduling information or UL data scheduling information, can be transmitted on the PDCCH. Uplink control information (UCI), such as ACK / NACK information for DL ​​data, Channel State Information (CSI) information, or Scheduling Request (SR), can be transmitted on the PUCCH. GP provides time slots during the transition from TX mode to RX mode in the gNB and UE, or during the transition from RX mode to TX mode in the gNB and UE. Some symbols within a subframe during the transition from DL to UL can be configured as GP.

[0112] <Simulated Beamforming #1>

[0113] The wavelength is shortened to millimeter wave (mmW), thus allowing a large number of antenna elements to be installed in the same area. That is, the wavelength is 1 cm at 30 GHz, so a total of 100 antenna elements can be installed in a two-dimensional array in a 5×5 cm panel with a spacing of 0.5λ (wavelength). Therefore, a large number of antenna elements can be used in mmW to increase beamforming (BF) gain, thereby increasing coverage or improving throughput.

[0114] In this scenario, if transceiver units (TXRUs) are provided to adjust the transmit power and phase of each antenna element, independent beamforming for each frequency resource can be performed. However, installing TXRUs for all approximately 100 antenna elements is cost-inefficient. Therefore, a method using analog phase shifters to map a large number of antenna elements to a single TXRU and control the beam direction is considered. This analog beamforming can only form a beam direction across all frequency bands, thus failing to provide frequency-selective beamforming.

[0115] Hybrid beamforming (BF) with B TXRUs (less than Q antenna elements) can be considered an intermediate form between digital BF and analog BF. In this case, the number of beam directions that can be transmitted simultaneously is limited to B, although this number depends on the method of connecting the B TXRUs and Q antenna elements.

[0116] <Simulated Beamforming #2>

[0117] When multiple antennas are used in NR (Radio Frequency I / O), hybrid beamforming, a combination of digital and analog beamforming, emerges. Here, in analog beamforming (or RF beamforming), precoding (or combination) is performed at the RF end, thus achieving performance similar to digital beamforming while reducing the number of RF chains and D / A (or A / D) converters. For ease of description, the hybrid beamforming structure can be represented by N TXRUs and M physical antennas. Then, the digital beamforming of the L data layers transmitted at the transmitter can be represented by an N×L matrix. The converted N digital signals are then converted into analog signals via TXRUs and applied using an analog beamforming matrix represented by an M×N matrix.

[0118] System information for the NR system can be broadcast. In this case, analog beams belonging to different antenna panels can be transmitted simultaneously within a single symbol. A scheme is being discussed to introduce a beam RS (BRS) as a reference signal (RS) transmitted by applying a single analog beam (corresponding to a specific antenna panel) to measure the channel of each analog beam. The BRS can be defined for multiple antenna ports, and each antenna port of the BRS can correspond to a single analog beam. In this case, unlike the BRS, a synchronization signal or xPBCH can be transmitted by applying all analog beams within a group of analog beams so that it can be correctly received by any UE.

[0119] In NR, in the time domain, a synchronization signal block (SSB, or also known as the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH)) can consist of four OFDM symbols indexed in ascending order from 0 to 3 within the synchronization signal block, and the PBCH associated with the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) can be mapped to symbols. As mentioned above, a synchronization signal block can also be represented by an SS / PBCH block.

[0120] In NR, since multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) can be transmitted at different times and SSBs can be used to perform initial access (IA), serving cell measurements, etc., it is preferable to transmit the SSB first when its transmission time and resources overlap with those of other signals. For this purpose, the network can broadcast the transmission time and resource information of the SSBs or indicate them through UE-specific RRC signaling.

[0121] In NR, beams can be used for both transmitting and receiving. If the receiving performance of the currently serving beam degrades, a process called beam fault recovery (BFR) can be performed to search for a new beam.

[0122] Since BFR processing is not intended to declare errors or failures in the link between the network and the UE, it can be assumed that the connection to the current serving cell is preserved even if BFR processing is performed. During BFR processing, measurements of different beams configured by the network (which can be represented by CSI-RS port or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) index) can be performed, and the optimal beam for the corresponding UE can be selected. The UE can perform BFR processing in a manner that associates RACH processing with the beam that produces good measurement results.

[0123] The Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state will now be described. The TCI state can be configured for each CORESET of the control channel, and the parameters used to determine the RX beam of the UE can be determined based on the TCI state.

[0124] For each DL BWP of the serving cell, the UE can be configured for three or fewer CORESETs. Additionally, the UE can receive the following information for each CORESET.

[0125] 1) CORESET index p (e.g., one of 0 to 11, where the index of each CORESET can be uniquely determined within the BWP of a serving cell). 2) PDCCH DM-RS scrambling sequence initialization values, 3) The duration of CORESET in the time domain (which can be given in symbolic units). 4) Resource block set, 5) CCE to REG mapping parameters, 6) Antenna port quasi-co-addressing, which indicates the quasi-co-addressing (QCL) information of the DM-RS antenna ports used to receive PDCCH in each CORESET (from a set of antenna port quasi-co-addressings provided by a higher-layer parameter called "TCI-State"). 7) Indications for the presence of a Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) field in a specific DCI format sent by PDCCH in CORESET.

[0126] Quasi-co-located (QCL) will be described. If the characteristics of the channel through which a symbol at one antenna port is transmitted can be inferred from the characteristics of the channel through which a symbol at another antenna port is transmitted, then the two antenna ports are said to be quasi-co-located (QCL). For example, when two signals A and B are transmitted from the same transmit antenna array with the same / similar spatial filters applied, the two signals may experience the same / similar channel states. From the receiver's perspective, upon receiving one of the two signals, the other signal can be detected by using the channel characteristics of the received signal.

[0127] In this sense, when signals A and B are called quasi-co-located (QCL), it can mean that signals A and B experience similar channel conditions. Therefore, the channel information estimated for detecting signal A is also useful for detecting signal B. In this paper, channel conditions can be defined based on, for example, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial reception parameters.

[0128] The “TCI-State” parameter associates one or two downlink reference signals with the corresponding QCL types (QCL types A, B, C, and D, see Table 4).

[0129] [Table 4]

[0130] Each “TCI-State” may include parameters for configuring the QCL relationship between one or two downlink reference signals and the DM-RS port of the PDSCH (or PDDCH) or the CSI-RS port of the CSI-RS resource.

[0131] Furthermore, for each DL BWP configured for a UE in a serving cell, the UE may provide 10 (or fewer) search space sets. For each search space set, the UE may provide at least one of the following information.

[0132] 1) Search space set index s (0≤s<40), 2) Correlation between CORESET p and search space set s, 3) PDCCH monitoring periodicity and PDCCH monitoring offset (slot unit), 4) PDCCH monitoring pattern within a slot (e.g., indicating the first symbol of CORESET in the slot used for PDCCH monitoring), 5) Number of slots in which search space set s exists, 6) Number of PDCCH candidates per CCE aggregation level, 7) Information indicating whether search space set s is a CSS (Common Search Space) or a USS (UE-Specific Search Space), etc.

[0133] In NR, CORESET #0 can be configured via PBCH (or UE-specific signaling used for handover, PSCell configuration, or BWP configuration). The search space (SS) set #0 configured via PBCH can monitor different offsets (e.g., slot offset, symbol offset) for each associated SSB. This may be necessary to minimize the timing of search space monitoring by the UE. Alternatively, this may be necessary to provide a beam scan control / data area capable of performing control / data transmission on a per-beam basis to persistently perform communication with the UE under optimal beam dynamic changes.

[0134] Figure 11The physical channel and typical signal transmission are illustrated.

[0135] Reference Figure 11 In a wireless communication system, the UE receives information from the BS via the downlink (DL) and transmits information to the BS via the uplink (UL). The information transmitted / received by the BS and UE includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type / purpose of the information transmitted / received by the BS and UE.

[0136] When a UE is powered on again after a power outage or enters a new cell, it performs an initial cell search operation (S11) such as adjusting synchronization with the BS. For this purpose, the UE receives the primary synchronization channel (PSCH) and secondary synchronization channel (SSCH) from the BS to adjust synchronization with the BS and obtains information such as cell identity (ID). Additionally, the UE can receive the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) from the BS to obtain broadcast information within the cell. Furthermore, the UE can receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) during the initial cell search step to identify the downlink channel state.

[0137] (Initial) Cell search is the process by which the UE obtains time and frequency synchronization with a cell and detects the cell ID of that cell. Cell search can be based on the cell's primary synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signal, and PBCH DMRS.

[0138] After completing the initial cell search, the UE can receive the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and its corresponding Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) to obtain more specific system information (S12).

[0139] Subsequently, the UE can perform a random access procedure to complete access to the BS (S13 to S16). Specifically, the UE can send a preamble via the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S13) and receive a Random Access Response (RAR) to the preamble via the PDCCH and its corresponding PDSCH (S14). Afterward, the UE can send the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) using the scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and can perform a contention resolution procedure similar to that of the PDCCH and its corresponding PDSCH (which can be referred to as the process of receiving a contention resolution message) (S16).

[0140] After executing the above-mentioned procedures, the UE can perform PDCCH / PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH / Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission (S18) as a typical uplink / downlink signal transmission process. The control information sent by the UE to the BS is called Uplink Control Information (UCI). UCI includes Hybrid Automatic Repeat and Request (HARQ) Acknowledgment (ACK) / Negative ACK (NACK), Scheduling Request (SR), Channel State Information (CSI), etc. CSI includes Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Rank Indicator (RI), etc. Typically, UCI is transmitted via PUCCH. However, when control information and data are to be transmitted simultaneously, UCI can be transmitted via PUSCH. Additionally, the UE can periodically transmit UCI via PUSCH based on network requests / instructions.

[0141] To ensure reasonable battery consumption when configuring bandwidth adaptation (BA), only one uplink BWP (bandwidth part) and one downlink BWP, or only one downlink / uplink BWP pair for each uplink carrier, can be activated at a time in the active serving cell, and all other BWPs configured in the UE can be disabled. In the disabled BWPs, the UE does not monitor the PDCCH and does not perform transmissions on the PUCCH, PRACH, and UL-SCH.

[0142] For BA (Balance of Entity), the UE's RX and TX bandwidths are not necessarily as wide as the cell's bandwidth and can be adjusted. That is, the bandwidth can be changed (e.g., reduced for low-activity periods to save power), the position in the frequency domain can be moved (e.g., to increase scheduling flexibility), and the subcarrier spacing can be changed (e.g., to allow different services). A subset of the cell's entire bandwidth is called the Bandwidth Part (BWP), and BA is obtained by configuring the BWP for the UE and by notifying the UE of the currently active BWP among the configured BWPs. When BA is configured, the UE only needs to monitor the PDCCH on one active BWP. That is, it does not need to monitor the PDCCH on the entire downlink frequency of the cell. A BWP inactivity timer (independent of the DRX inactivity timer mentioned above) is used to switch the active BWP to the default BWP. Specifically, the timer restarts when the PDCCH is successfully decoded, and switches to the default BWP when the timer expires.

[0143] The following section describes integrated access and backhaul link (IAB). For ease of explanation, the proposed approach is described based on the new RAT (NR) system, but the scope of systems applying the proposed approach can be extended beyond NR systems to other systems such as 3GPP LTE / LTE-A systems.

[0144] One of the potential technologies aimed at realizing future cellular network configuration scenarios and applications is a technology that supports wireless backhaul and relay links, which enables flexible and high-density deployment of NR cells without scaling up the transport network.

[0145] Compared to LTE, NR is expected to offer greater bandwidth alongside native deployments of massive MIMO or multi-beam systems (e.g., millimeter-wave spectrum), thus creating opportunities for the development and configuration of integrated access and backhaul links. This facilitates denser networks of self-backhauled NR cells by establishing multiple control and data channels / procedures defined as providing access to or to a UE. Such systems are called integrated access and backhaul links (IAB).

[0146] The following definitions are used in this disclosure.

[0147] - AC(x): Access link between node (x) and UE.

[0148] - BH(xy): Backhaul link between node (x) and node (y).

[0149] In this context, a node can refer to a donor gNB (DgNB) or a relay node (RN). Here, the DgNB or donor node can be a gNB that provides backhaul functionality for IAB nodes.

[0150] When there are Relay Node 1 and Relay Node 2, and Relay Node 1 is connected to Relay Node 2 via a backhaul link and relays the data transmitted and received by Relay Node 2, Relay Node 1 is called the parent node of Relay Node 2, and Relay Node 2 is called the child node of Relay Node 1.

[0151] <PUSCH repetition>

[0152] In the standard specifications (e.g., NR Rel-15 / 16), PUSCH repetition types A and B are introduced. According to the PUSCH repetition type, transmission is performed as follows.

[0153] 1) PUSCH repetition type A

[0154] Figure 12 is an example of PUSCH repetition type A.

[0155] Refer to Figure 12 , PUSCH repetition type A is a slot-based PUSCH repeated transmission, and for each slot, repetition is performed using the same PUSCH transmission start symbol position and PUSCH transmission symbol length, as Figure 12 shown. At this time, if there are invalid symbols among the symbol resources constituting a specific PUSCH repetition that cannot be used for PUSCH transmission, the corresponding PUSCH repetition transmission is discarded and not performed. For example, when a total of four PUSCH repeated transmissions Rep0, Rep1, Rep2, and Rep3 are performed in slots N, N + 1, N + 2, and N + 3 (one PUSCH repetition is transmitted in each slot), if the symbol resources constituting Rep1 include invalid symbols, the transmission of Rep1 is discarded, and only the transmissions of Rep0, Rep2, and Rep3 are performed. Therefore, the actual number of repetitions performed can be less than the configured number of repetitions.

[0156] For PUSCH repetition type A, frequency hopping can be configured for the UE through a higher layer parameter. One of two frequency hopping patterns can be configured.

[0157] i) Intra-slot frequency hopping (intra-slot frequency hopping) is applicable to single-slot and multi-slot PUSCH transmissions.

[0158] ii) Inter-slot frequency hopping is applicable to multi-slot PUSCH transmissions.

[0159] 2) PUSCH repetition type B

[0160] Figure 13 is an example of PUSCH repetition type B.

[0161] Refer to Figure 13Repeat PUSCH type B in units of the symbol length of the actual PUSCH sent. For example, as... Figure 13 In (a), when a PUSCH is sent over 10 symbols, PUSCH repetition is performed in units of 10 consecutive symbols. In this case, the repetition of PUSCH repetition time resources without considering slot boundaries, invalid symbols, etc., is called nominal repetition. Figure 13 (a) shows an example of configuring three nominal repeaters (denoted as N0, N1 and N2).

[0162] However, in the case of actual PUSCH repetition, a single PUSCH cannot be sent if it includes slot boundaries. That is, if the nominal PUSCH transmission includes slot boundaries (e.g., ...), Figure 13 In (a) N0, N2), two actual repetitions are executed with the time slot boundary as the boundary, such as Figure 13 As shown in (b). For example, in the case where the time slot boundary is the boundary, the nominal repetition N0 is performed with two actual repetitions (such as A0, A1).

[0163] Additionally, only consecutive symbols can be used to perform a single PUSCH transmission. If invalid symbols exist in the time resources where a PUSCH repetition should be sent, then consecutive symbols are used to form an actual repetition, with the invalid symbols as the boundary. For example, if symbols #0 to #9 constitute a nominal repetition and symbols #3 to #5 are invalid symbols, then symbols #0 to #2 and symbols #6 to #9 (excluding the invalid symbols) each constitute an actual repetition.

[0164] Invalid symbols can include the following: i) Downlink symbols configured via semi-static TDD UL-DL configuration, ii) Invalid symbol pattern configured via RRC (which can be configured via an invalid symbol pattern indicator). iii) SSB symbols configured via SIB1, and SSB symbols configured via "ServngCellConfigCommon". iv) Symbols for the PDCCH of SIB1, v) Invalid symbols for DL-UL switching configured via RRC.

[0165] If a symbol that cannot be used for PUSCH transmission (e.g., a DL symbol indicated by DCI format 2_0) is included in an actual duplicate resource, the corresponding actual duplicate transmission is discarded and not performed.

[0166] Now, we will describe full-duplex operation.

[0167] In 5G, new service types such as extended reality (XR), AI-based services, and autonomous vehicles are emerging. These services feature the ability to dynamically modify traffic in both the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) directions and require low latency for the traffic to be sent, such as packets. Traffic will explode in 5G services to support these diverse new use cases.

[0168] Existing semi-static or dynamic TDD UL / DL configurations have limitations such as transmission time delay and inter-carrier interference. Existing FDD methods have limitations in terms of effective frequency resource utilization in the DL / UL direction. Therefore, to achieve low latency and efficient resource utilization in NR, the introduction of full-duplex operation within a single carrier is being discussed.

[0169] Figure 14 An example of how to apply full-duplex within a carrier wave is shown.

[0170] Reference Figure 14 Full-duplex methods include, for example, in Figure 14 The sub-band full-duplex shown in (a) (which may be referred to as sub-band full-duplex or SBFD below) can also be considered as in Figure 14 The spectrum shared full-duplex (hereinafter, which may be referred to as SSFD) shown in (b) is shown.

[0171] In the case of SBFD, DL and UL transmit and receive using different frequency resources within the same carrier (e.g., carrier #0). That is, for the same time resource, different frequency resources are used in DL and UL.

[0172] In the case of SSFD, DL and UL transmit and receive using the same or overlapping frequency resources within the same carrier (e.g., carrier #0). That is, for the same time resources, the same or overlapping frequency resources can be used in DL and UL.

[0173] This full-duplex (FD) operation can also be used in conjunction with existing half-duplex (HD) operations. For example, some time resources used for existing half-duplex-based TDD operations can be used for full-duplex operations. SBFD or SSFD operations can be performed on the time resources used for full-duplex operations.

[0174] Figure 15 An example is shown where time resources operating in half-duplex (HD) and time resources operating in full-duplex (FD) (e.g., SBFD or SSFD) coexist.

[0175] exist Figure 15In (a), some time resources that are SBFD (=SBFD) operations are designated as SBFD, while time resources that are HD operations are designated as HD. Figure 15 In (b), some time resources used as SSFD operations are designated as SSFD, while time resources used as HD operations are designated as HD. The unit of time resource can be, for example, a time slot or a symbol.

[0176] In the time resources used for SBFD operation, some frequency resources are used as DL resources, while others are used as UL resources. Between the DL and UL frequency resources, there may be a guard subband that is unused and empty for both DL and UL. The guard subband may also be referred to by other terms, such as guard frequency resources or guard subcarriers.

[0177] In the time resources utilized for SSFD operation, the entire frequency resource can be used for both DL and UL. Alternatively, to reduce the impact of interference from other adjacent carriers (this can be called ACI (Adjacent Carrier Interference)), some frequency resources located at one or both ends of the carrier can be excluded from DL and / or UL. That is, one or both ends of the carrier can be used as an unused guard band (guard subband) for both DL and UL. Alternatively, to reduce ACI on UL reception, one or both ends of the carrier can be used solely for DL ​​transmission.

[0178] In this disclosure, the time slot resources used for HD operations are referred to as HD time slots, and the time slot resources used for SBFD operations and SSFD operations are referred to as SBFD time slots and SSFD time slots, respectively. SBFD time slots and SSFD time slots are also collectively referred to as FD time slots.

[0179] In this disclosure, among all frequency resources used for FD operation, for convenience, frequency resources operating in DL can be referred to as DL subbands, and frequency resources operating in UL can also be referred to as UL subbands.

[0180] In full-duplex operation, both the base station and the UE can perform full-duplex operation. That is, both the base station and the UE can simultaneously perform DL and UL transmission and reception using the same or different frequency resources at the same time.

[0181] Alternatively, only the base station can perform full-duplex operation, while the UE can perform half-duplex operation. The base station can simultaneously perform DL and UL transmission and reception using the same or different frequency resources at the same time, but the UE only performs DL reception or UL transmission in specific time resources. In this case, the base station performs full-duplex operation by simultaneously performing DL transmission and UL reception with different UEs.

[0182] The content of the present disclosure is described on the assumption that the base station performs / supports full-duplex operation, but the UE performs / supports half-duplex operation. However, the content of the present disclosure can also be applied even if both the base station and the UE perform / support full-duplex operation.

[0183] <A. Characteristics of DL / UL Time / Frequency Resources for SBFD and SSFD Operations>

[0184] The cell (base station) can perform both DL transmission and UL reception in the same time resource in the FD scheme (e.g., SBFD or SSFD). For example, the base station can perform HD operation in the first time resource and FD operation in the second time resource (which can be a time resource other than the first time resource).

[0185] Through such operations, the network can change the time resource used for performing transmission and reception between the first time resource and the second time resource according to the type of signal / channel to be transmitted and received or according to the UE performing transmission and reception. For example, for important signals / channels (e.g., SSB and PRACH) that are less affected by interference and require improved transmission and reception performance, the resources can be configured such that transmission and reception are performed only in the first time resource that operates only in half-duplex. Thus, while applying full-duplex to the cell, the transmission and reception performance of the signal / channel can be maintained. Alternatively, in the case where the UE is significantly affected by CLI (cross-link interference) when operating in full-duplex in the second time resource and thus cannot perform transmission and reception properly, the transmission and reception performance for the UE can be ensured by configuring the resources such that transmission and reception are performed in the first time resource.

[0186] In the first time resource when the UE / base station performs HD operation, the DL operation or the UL operation is performed in all the frequency resources constituting the entire system bandwidth. Within the first time resource when performing HD operation, the network performs the DL operation through the 1-1 time resource and the UL operation through the 1-2 time resource. At this time, the 1-1 time resource and the 1-2 time resource do not overlap with each other.

[0187] In the second time resource when performing FD operation, the UE / base station performs the DL operation through all or part of the frequency resources (the first frequency resource) in the frequency resources constituting the system BW of the cell, and performs the UL operation through all or part of the frequency resources (the second frequency resource).

[0188] Figure 16 Examples of the first time resource, the second time resource, the first frequency resource, and the second frequency resource are shown.

[0189] Refer to Figure 16In (a), the operation is performed as HD in the first time resource (denoted by A). In the second time resource (denoted by B), for example, it can be performed as SBFD. In the first time resource, the resource indicated by DL corresponds to the 1-1 time resource described above, and the resource indicated by UL corresponds to the 1-2 time resource described above.

[0190] Reference Figure 16 (b) In the second time resource, the frequency resource for DL ​​operation corresponds to the first frequency resource, and the frequency resource for UL operation corresponds to the second frequency resource.

[0191] Figure 17 Another example of first time resources, second time resources, first frequency resources, and second frequency resources is shown.

[0192] Reference Figure 17 In (a), in the first time resource (labeled A), the device operates as a half-duplex. In the second time resource (labeled B), the device may, for example, operate as an SSFD. In the first time resource, the resource labeled DL corresponds to the aforementioned 1-1 time resource, and the resource labeled UL corresponds to the aforementioned 1-2 time resource.

[0193] Reference Figure 17 (b) In the second time resource, the frequency resource for DL ​​and DL+UL operations corresponds to the first frequency resource described above, and the frequency resource for DL+UL operations corresponds to the second frequency resource described above.

[0194] The first frequency resource and / or the second frequency resource may have all or some of the following characteristics.

[0195] 1) During SBFD operation, the first and second frequency resources do not overlap. This is to ensure that DL and UL operations are performed using different frequency resources. At this time, there may be frequency resources that do not correspond to both the first and second frequency resources, and these frequency resources are referred to as guard subbands or guard frequency resources. These guard frequency resources may be needed to reduce interference from DL transmissions to UL reception. Guard frequency resources can be located between the first and second frequency resources.

[0196] 2) During SSFD operation, the first and second frequency resources may overlap. In this case, there may be frequency resources that do not correspond to both the first and second frequency resources, and these frequency resources are referred to as guard subbands or guard frequency resources. These guard frequency resources may be needed to reduce interference from DL transmissions on adjacent carriers to UL reception, and / or to reduce interference from DL transmissions to UL receptions on adjacent carriers.

[0197] 3) During SBFD operation, the second frequency resource can consist of contiguous frequency resources, while the first frequency resource can consist of discontinuous frequency resources. In this case, the first frequency resource can consist of multiple (e.g., two) discontinuous sets, and each set can consist of contiguous frequency resources. This is to reduce interference from DL transmissions on adjacent carriers to the UL resource by placing the second frequency resource used for DL ​​at the center of the frequency resources constituting the cell. Conversely, the first frequency resource can consist of contiguous frequency resources, while the second frequency resource can consist of discontinuous frequency resources. In this case, the second frequency resource can consist of multiple (e.g., two) discontinuous sets, and each set can consist of contiguous frequency resources. This is to reduce interference from DL transmissions on adjacent carriers to the UL resource by placing the second frequency resource used for DL ​​at the center of the frequency resources constituting the cell.

[0198] 4) When performing SSFD operation, the second frequency resource can consist of some frequency resources from the first frequency resource. In this case, the second frequency resource can be configured to have X fewer physical resource blocks (PRBs) than the first frequency resource on one or both sides of the carrier. This is to reduce interference from DL transmissions on adjacent carriers to UL reception.

[0199] Through the above operations, the base station can perform half-duplex operation. In half-duplex operation, in the first time resource, only one of DL transmission or UL reception is performed in all frequency resources constituting the cell. It can also perform full-duplex operation. In full-duplex operation, in the second time resource, DL transmission is performed through the first frequency resource within the frequency resources constituting the cell, and UL reception is performed simultaneously through the second frequency resource within the frequency resources constituting the cell.

[0200] As described above, the network determines the 'first time resource' and 'second time resource', as well as the 'first frequency resource' and 'second frequency resource', and provides all or part of the corresponding information to the UE. The network can perform DL transmission to the UE in the 1-1 time resource within the first time resource and in the first frequency resource within the second time resource, and can perform UL reception from the UE in the 1-2 time resource within the first time resource and in the second frequency resource within the second time resource.

[0201] The network can provide the UE with all or some of the information regarding the aforementioned 'first time resource' and 'second time resource', as well as 'first frequency resource' and 'second frequency resource', and can determine the location of the resources. The UE can perform DL reception from the network through all or some of the 1-1 time resource within the first time resource and the first frequency resource within the second time resource, and can perform UL transmission to the network through the 1-2 time resource within the first time resource and the second frequency resource within the second time resource.

[0202] Meanwhile, in traditional NR TDD carriers, the base station performs only one operation—either downlink or uplink—during specific time resources. In this case, during the time resources for transmitting SSBs, the base station always operates on the downlink.

[0203] When the UE operates in the traditional TDD mode, the following assumptions are made for the symbols that transmit SSB (SS / PBCH).

[0204] 1) SS / PBCH transport symbols can be configured as uplinks without TDD configuration (e.g., 'TDD-UL-DL-ConfigCommon' and / or 'TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated').

[0205] 2) SS / PBCH transmission symbols can be configured as uplinks in SFI (Slot Format Indication) without using DCI format 2_0.

[0206] 3) When SS / PBCH is transmitted in a flexible symbol configured via TDD (e.g., 'TDD-UL-DL-ConfigCommon' and / or 'TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated'), uplink transmission is not performed if the UE's uplink transmission overlaps with the SS / PBCH symbol. In the case of SRS, SRS transmission is not performed in the overlapping symbol if SRS overlaps with the SS / PBCH symbol in a flexible symbol.

[0207] Furthermore, in FDs such as SBFD and SSFD, from the cell's perspective, DL resources and UL resources can both exist in the same time resources. Therefore, the base station can perform uplink reception while performing downlink transmission. Thus, even when transmitting SS / PBCH in the time resources for performing FD operation in the cell, the base station can perform uplink reception simultaneously.

[0208] Furthermore, under current standards and specifications, UEs cannot perform uplink transmissions within the symbol resources for transmitting SS / PBCH. That is, UEs cannot perform FD operations within the base station's SS / PBCH transmission time resources.

[0209] When a specific time resource is set as a time resource operating in SBFD mode (SBFD symbol), both DL (Deep Length) and UL (Ultra Length) resources can exist within that time resource. In this case, if there is no UL signal to be received by the base station in that time resource, the base station can perform only DL transmission. In SBFD resources, DL transmission is only performed within the DL subband. Therefore, even if there is no UL signal to be transmitted in the UL subband, only DL transmission can be performed within the DL subband.

[0210] In this scenario, if the base station has no UL transmissions to receive, even if the resources at a specific time are designated as SBFD symbols, it can consider performing DL transmissions both outside and within the DL subband to improve DL throughput. In other words, it can consider performing DL transmissions across the entire frequency band.

[0211] In other words, for resources identified as SBFD symbols, it is possible to consider reverting to TDD operation, where DL or UL operation is performed across the entire frequency band, rather than SBFD operation on the DL / UL subband.

[0212] This disclosure provides a description assuming a cell simultaneously performs DL and UL SBFD operations using different frequency resources (e.g., subbands) within the same time resource. However, the contents of this disclosure can also be applied even when a cell performs SSFD operations.

[0213] In a wireless communication system, i) the base station can perform full-duplex operation and the UE can perform half-duplex operation, or ii) the base station can perform half-duplex operation and the UE can perform full-duplex operation. Alternatively, iii) both the base station and the UE can support full-duplex operation.

[0214] A UE that knows the base station can perform full-duplex operation will be referred to as a FD-aware UE in the following text. A UE that knows the base station can perform SBFD operation will be referred to as an SBFD-aware UE in the following text. A UE that knows the base station can perform SSFD operation will be referred to as an SSFD-aware UE in the following text.

[0215] When a base station supports both half-duplex and full-duplex operations, the base station can notify the UE of information about the resources (time and / or frequency) for which half-duplex and full-duplex operations can be performed (or are expected to be performed or are to be performed).

[0216] When the base station is a full-duplex base station capable of performing SSFD operation, UL reception can be possible simultaneously in some and / or all frequency resources where DL transmission is possible. That is, in some frequency resources, not only DL transmission / reception but also UL reception / transmission is possible. In this case, information about the frequency resources where SSFD is possible can be delivered to the UE. Furthermore, information about the time resources where SSFD is possible can be delivered to the UE.

[0217] In the case of a full-duplex UE, UL transmission may be possible simultaneously in some and / or all frequency resources where DL reception of the UE is possible. In this disclosure, a UE performing half-duplex operation may be referred to as an HD UE, and a UE capable of performing (or executing) full-duplex operation may be referred to as an FD UE.

[0218] When a base station performs full-duplex operations such as SBFD and SSFD, it can perform SSFD and / or SBFD operations only for certain time / frequency resources. When an SBFD-aware UE and / or an SSFD-aware UE know the time / frequency resources for the cell to perform SSFD and / or SBFD operations, the UE can perform operations differently based on the resources for the cell to operate in half-duplex (HD), the resources for the cell to operate in SBFD, and the resources for the cell to operate in SSFD. For example, the UE can perform transmission and reception by determining the time / frequency resources for receiving DL signals / channels and / or transmitting UL signals / channels differently based on HD resources, SBFD resources, and SSFD resources.

[0219] The base station can perform half-duplex operation, in which it performs only one of DL transmission or UL reception in all frequency resources constituting the cell in the time resources of HD operation, and can also perform full-duplex operation, in which it performs DL transmission through the first frequency resource (i.e., DL subband resource) within the frequency resources constituting the cell in the time resources of SBFD and SSFD operation, and simultaneously performs UL reception through the second frequency resource (i.e., UL subband resource) within the frequency resources constituting the cell.

[0220] To this end, the base station determines the time resources corresponding to the first time resource (i.e., the HD symbol) and the second time resource (i.e., the FD symbol), and sends configuration information about the first time resource (i.e., the HD symbol) and / or the second time resource (i.e., the FD symbol) to the UE. The FD symbol may include both SBFD symbols and SSFD symbols. More specifically, the base station may determine the time resources corresponding to the HD symbol, SBFD symbol, and / or SSFD symbol, and may send configuration information about the HD symbol, SBFD symbol, and / or SSFD symbol to the UE.

[0221] In this scenario, DL subband resources and / or UL subband resources can be configured differently in time resources operating under SBFD and SSFD. In time resources operating under SBFD, DL and UL subband resources are configured to not overlap. Conversely, in time resources operating under SSFD, DL and UL subband resources can be configured to overlap. DL / UL subband resources can be configured using some frequency resources of the system bandwidth, or they can be configured using all frequency resources.

[0222] The UE receives configuration information from the network regarding HD symbols, SBFD symbols, and / or SSFD symbols, and determines the locations of these symbols. In this case, within the HD symbol, the UE performs DL reception (UL transmission) using all frequency resources configured for the UE. Furthermore, within the SBFD and / or SSFD symbols, the UE performs DL reception (UL transmission) using DL subband resources (UL subband resources), which are the same as or less than the frequency resources used by the UE for DL ​​reception (UL transmission) in the HD symbol. In this case, even when frequency resources that do not correspond to DL subband resources (UL subband resources) are configured for DL ​​reception (UL transmission) in the SBFD and / or SSFD symbol resources, the UE does not perform DL reception (UL transmission) in frequency resources that do not correspond to DL subband resources (UL subband resources).

[0223] Based on the above discussion, this disclosure proposes a method for adjusting the MCS (modulation and coding scheme) applied to the transmission and reception of a specific channel (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) differently in full-duplex operation within a carrier and in resources operating in full-duplex (FD) and half-duplex (HD) operation.

[0224] In the following text, the network can be interpreted as being replaced by a base station, gNB, or CU / DU. Furthermore, the UE can be interpreted as being replaced by the MT (Mobile Terminal Unit) of the IAB node.

[0225] In time / frequency resources operating in full-duplex (FD), the channel environment may be worse than in resources operating in half-duplex (HD) due to cross-link interference (CLI) and self-interference (SI). Therefore, PDSCH / PUSCH transmission / reception may not be properly performed by indicating and determining the MCS applied to PDSCH / PUSCH transmission and reception based on the channel environment in resources operating in HD.

[0226] For example, a PDSCH / PUSCH carrying a transport block (TB) can be sent across FD and HD resources as follows.

[0227] 1) PDSCH / PUSCH can be transmitted and received across frequency resources operating in HD and frequency resources operating in FD within a specific time slot.

[0228] 2) PDSCH / PUSCH can be transmitted and received across time (symbol) resources operated in HD and time (symbol) resources operated in FD within a specific time slot.

[0229] Figure 18 An example of sending PUSCH across FD and HD resources is shown.

[0230] Reference Figure 18 (a) For the same time, in terms of frequency resources, PUSCH can be transmitted across frequency resources operated in HD (HD resources) and frequency resources operated in FD (FD resources). Here, frequency resources can refer to PRB resources or RB group resources.

[0231] Reference Figure 18 (b) For the same frequency, in terms of time resources, PUSCH can be transmitted across symbol resources operated in HD and symbol resources operated in FD.

[0232] Meanwhile, a PDSCH / PUSCH carrying a transport block (TB) can also be sent across FD and HD resources, for example, in the following situations.

[0233] 3) PDSCH / PUSCH can be transmitted repeatedly across time slots operated in HD and time slots operated in FD.

[0234] 4) Multi-slot TB processing (TBoMS) can be transmitted across slots operating in HD and slots operating in FD.

[0235] Figure 19 Other examples of sending PUSCH across FD and HD resources are shown.

[0236] Figure 19 (a) shows an example of a PUSCH that is repeatedly transmitted across slots (191, 192, 193) operating in FD mode and slot (194) operating in HD mode.

[0237] Figure 19 (b) shows an example of TBoMS transmitted across slots (195, 196, 197) operating in FD mode and slot (198) operating in HD mode.

[0238] For ease of description, this disclosure is based on the scenario where the UE sends a PUSCH. However, the disclosure can be extended / applied to the scenario where the UE receives a PDSCH.

[0239] <Proposal 1>

[0240] Proposal 1 proposes that when transmitting a data channel carrying a specific TB (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH), different MCSs should be applied to each unit of resource for transmitting PDSCH / PUSCH, based on whether the resource for transmitting PDSCH / PUSCH is an FD resource or an HD resource.

[0241] In this context, from the cell's perspective, FD resources can refer to resources capable of simultaneously performing DL transmission and UL reception, while from the cell's perspective, HD resources can refer to resources capable of performing only one of DL transmission or UL reception. Such resources can refer to time resources such as symbols and time slots, and / or frequency resources such as RBs and RB groups (RBGs).

[0242] In this context, the cells to which different MCSs are applied can be cells with time resources such as symbols or time slots, and / or cells with frequency resources such as RBs or RB groups.

[0243] For example, such as Figure 18 (a) Based on the UE transmitting PUSCH across RBs operating in FD and RBs operating in HD within a time slot, the UE can apply different MCSs for PUSCH transmission in RBs operating in FD and RBs operating in HD.

[0244] As in Figure 18 (b) Based on the UE transmitting PUSCH across symbols operating in FD and symbols operating in HD within a time slot, the UE can apply different MCSs for PUSCH transmission in symbols operating in FD and symbols operating in HD.

[0245] like Figure 19 As shown in (a), based on the UE repeatedly transmitting PUSCH across multiple time slots (191, 192, 193, 194), the UE can apply different MCS for PUSCH transmission in time slots (191, 192, 193) operating in FD and time slot (194) operating in HD.

[0246] like Figure 19As shown in (b), based on the UE transmitting TBoMS across multiple time slots (195, 196, 197, 198), the UE can transmit different MCSs for TBoMS in time slots operating in FD (195, 196, 197) and time slots operating in HD (198).

[0247] As mentioned above, when applying different MCSs, specifically, the method proposed in the 'MCS Adjustment Method' described later can be applied.

[0248] Based on the disclosure of this proposal, the UE can operate as follows, for example.

[0249] When the 'MCS adjustment method' is applied, the base station can instruct the UE to use PUSCH transmission via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling. For example, the UE can receive DCI for scheduling PUSCH from the base station.

[0250] For the indicated PUSCH transmission, the UE determines the modulation order applied to the FD resources and the modulation order applied to the HD resources respectively by applying the method proposed in this disclosure.

[0251] The UE transmits the PUSCH by applying the modulation order applied to FD resources to FD resources, and by applying the modulation order applied to HD resources to HD resources.

[0252] <Proposal 2>

[0253] Proposal 2 proposes that for the transmission of PDSCH / PUSCH carrying a specific TB, different MCS be applied to each unit resource for transmitting PDSCH / PUSCH based on whether the UE operates in FD or HD in the resource for transmitting PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0254] Resources that the UE can operate on with FD can refer to resources that the UE can operate on with FD (i.e., resources that the UE can perform DL reception and UL transmission simultaneously), and resources that the UE can operate on with HD can refer to resources that the UE can only operate on with HD (i.e., resources that the UE can only perform one of DL reception and UL transmission).

[0255] Alternatively, a resource operated by the UE in FD mode can refer to a resource in which the UE actually performs both DL reception and UL transmission simultaneously, and a resource operated by the UE in HD mode can refer to a resource in which the UE actually performs only one of DL reception and UL transmission. In this case, even if a resource is configured as a resource that the UE can operate in FD mode, it becomes a resource operated in HD mode based on whether the UE performs only DL reception or only UL transmission.

[0256] Such resources can refer to time resources such as symbols and time slots, and / or frequency resources such as RBs and RB groups.

[0257] In this context, the cells to which different MCSs are applied can be time resources such as symbols or time slots, and / or can be frequency resources such as RBs or RB groups.

[0258] When a UE transmits a PUSCH across RBs operated in FD mode and RBs operated in HD mode within a time slot, the UE can apply different MCSs for the PUSCH transmissions in the RBs operated in FD mode and RBs operated in HD mode.

[0259] When a UE transmits PUSCH across symbols operated in FD mode and symbols operated in HD mode within a time slot, the UE can apply different MCSs for the PUSCH transmissions in the symbols operated in FD mode and the symbols operated in HD mode.

[0260] When a UE transmits PUSCH repeatedly across time slots where the UE operates in FD mode and time slots where the UE operates in HD mode, the UE can apply different MCSs for the PUSCH transmission in the time slots where the UE operates in FD mode and time slots where the UE operates in HD mode.

[0261] When a UE transmits TBoMS across time slots where the UE operates in FD mode and time slots where the UE operates in HD mode, the UE can apply different MCSs to the TBoMS transmissions in the time slots where the UE operates in FD mode and time slots where the UE operates in HD mode.

[0262] In this case, in order to apply different MCS, the method proposed in the 'MCS adjustment method' described below can be applied.

[0263] Based on the disclosure of this proposal, the UE can operate as follows, for example.

[0264] When the 'MCS adjustment method' is applied, the base station instructs / schedules the UE to send PUSCH via RRC, MAC CE and / or DCI signaling.

[0265] For the indicated PUSCH transmission, the UE determines the modulation order to be applied in the FD resource and the modulation order to be applied in the HD resource by applying the method proposed in this disclosure.

[0266] For the indicated PUSCH transmission, the UE determines the TBS of the TB transmitted via PUSCH by applying the method proposed in this disclosure.

[0267] For the TB generated to match the TBS, the UE transmits the PUSCH by applying the modulation order applied to the FD resources to the resources for which the UE operates in FD, and also transmits the PUSCH by applying the modulation order applied to the HD resources to the resources for which the UE operates in HD.

[0268] <MCS Adjustment Method>

[0269] 1. Modulation Order Determination Method

[0270] When the UE performs the transmission and reception of PUSCH / PDSCH, different modulation orders (Q m ) can be applied to the corresponding resources in the case of transmitting PUSCH / PDSCH in FD resources and in the case of transmitting PUSCH / PDSCH in HD resources.

[0271] That is, in order to apply different MCSs based on the resources for transmitting PUSCH as in Proposal 1 or Proposal 2, the UE can apply different modulation orders for PUSCH transmission.

[0272] Table 4-1 below shows example values of the MCS index (I MCS ) applied to PUSCH transmission. The MCS index (I MCS ) can be indicated by the network or can be determined based on specific criteria. For example, based on the value of a specific field in DCI, a specific MCS index in Table 4-1 below can be indicated.

[0273] When determining the MCS index, the modulation order (Qm) corresponding to the MCS index can be determined based on Table 4-1 below. For PUSCH transmission, the UE performs the modulation of the bits to be transmitted by applying the modulation order determined as described above.

[0274] [Table 4-1]

[0275] In order to determine differently the modulation order applied to FD resources and the modulation order applied to HD resources, at least one of the following methods (Alternative 1 to Alternative 3) can be applied.

[0276] Alternative 1.

[0277] The MCS index applied to FD resources and the MCS index applied to HD resources can be indicated independently. In this case, the MCS index to be applied to the PUSCH sent by the UE for FD resources and HD resources can be independently indicated from the network via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling. That is, the MCS index for FD resources and the MCS index for HD resources are indicated to the UE separately. In other words, the UE receives two MCS indices from the network and uses one MCS index as the MCS index for FD resources and the other MCS index as the MCS index for HD resources.

[0278] For example, the UE determines the corresponding first modulation order based on the first MCS index indicated to be applied to the HD resource, and sets the first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the HD resource. Furthermore, the UE determines the corresponding second modulation order based on the second MCS index indicated to be applied to the FD resource, and sets the second modulation order as the modulation order applied to the FD resource.

[0279] Option 2 is an alternative.

[0280] In addition to traditional signaling methods, the modulation order to be applied to FD resources can also be additionally indicated. In this case, in addition to the previously indicated MCS index, the modulation order to be applied to PUSC transmission in FD resources can be indicated from the network to the UE via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling.

[0281] In other words, in Alternative Option 2, the UE receives only one MCS index and determines the modulation order based on the MCS index as the modulation order for HD resources. Furthermore, the modulation order for FD resources is indicated to the UE. This differs from Alternative Option 1, in which the UE receives two MCS indices.

[0282] In other words, the UE determines the corresponding first modulation order based on the previously indicated MCS index, and assigns the first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the HD resources. The UE then determines a second modulation order, which is further indicated as the modulation order applied to the FD resources.

[0283] Alternatively, the modulation order applied to the HD resource can be further indicated. In this case, in addition to the previously indicated MCS index, the modulation order to be applied to the PUSCH transmission in the HD resource can be indicated from the network to the UE via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling. The UE determines the corresponding first modulation order based on the previously indicated MCS index and identifies the first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the FD resource. The UE then determines a second modulation order that is further indicated as the modulation order applied to the HD resource.

[0284] Option 3 is an alternative.

[0285] Alternative scheme 3 is a method in which the UE receives only one MCS index to determine the modulation order for HD resources and determines the modulation order applied to FD resources according to specific rules or calculations. That is, the UE determines the modulation order for HD resources by using the previously indicated MCS index and determines the modulation order for FD resources by using the MCS index and / or additional information.

[0286] Both Alternative Scheme 2 and Alternative Scheme 3 share the characteristic that the UE receives only one MCS index. However, in Alternative Scheme 2, the modulation order for FD resources is provided directly, while in Alternative Scheme 3, the modulation order for FD resources is not provided directly, but is obtained by applying specific rules or calculations to the modulation order for HD resources.

[0287] The UE determines the corresponding first modulation order based on the existing MCS index and sets the first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the HD resources. Thereafter, the UE can determine the modulation order applied to the FD resources based on at least one of the following methods.

[0288] Alternative option 3-1. When the modulation order corresponding to the indicated MCS index is Q m At that time, the UE will (alpha) is determined as the modulation order applied to the FD resource. In this case, α can have a value of 1 or 1 / 2n. In this case, n can be a positive integer. α can be, for example, 1 / 2. Here, " " indicates multiplication.

[0289] Alternatively, α can have a value of 1 or 2n. In this case, n can be a positive integer. α can be 2.

[0290] Alternatively, α can be a value indicated by the network via RRC, MAC CE, DCI signaling, etc.

[0291] Alternative option 3-2. When the modulation order corresponding to the indicated MCS index is Q m At that time, the UE will (beta) is determined as the modulation order applied to the FD resources. In this case, It can have a value of 2n. In this case, n can be 0 or a negative integer. In particular, It could be -2.

[0292] Alternatively, It can have a value of 2^n. In this case, n can be 0 or a positive integer. In particular, It can equal 2.

[0293] Alternatively, It can be a value indicated by the network through RRC, MAC CE, DCI signaling, etc.

[0294] In Alternative Scheme 3, the UE may also receive only one MCS index to determine the modulation order for the FD resource, and determine the modulation order applied to the HD resource according to a specific rule or calculation. That is, the UE may receive only one MCS index to determine the modulation order for the FD resource, and determine the modulation order applied to the HD resource by applying specific rules and calculations to the modulation order for the FD resource. This can be represented as the UE determining the modulation order to be applied to the PUSCH transmission in the HD resource using the previously indicated MCS index and / or additional information. The UE determines the corresponding first modulation order based on the existing MCS index and sets the first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the FD resource. The UE may determine a second modulation order applied to the HD resource instead of the FD resource by using the methods of Alternative Scheme 3-1 and Alternative Scheme 3-2.

[0295] 2. Method for determining TB size

[0296] The following section describes a method for determining TBS when PUSCH transmissions can be sent across different types of resources (i.e., HD resources and FD resources).

[0297] First, a method for determining the transport block (TB) size (TBS) is described when the PUSCH transmission resource consists only of HD resources.

[0298] The number of TBS used for PUSCH transmission can be determined based on the number of allocated PRBs (Physical Resource Blocks).

[0299] To determine the TBS, the UE determines the number (N) of resource elements (REs) within the time slot. RE (This can be referred to as the total number of REs allocated to PUSCH).

[0300] To this end, the UE first determines the number of REs (N') allocated to the PUSCH within a PRB. RE ), as shown below.

[0301] [Equation 1]

[0302] In equation 1, N RB sc =12, which is the number of subcarriers in the frequency domain of the Physical Resource Block (PRB).

[0303] N sh symb It is the number of symbols L assigned by PUSCH.

[0304] N PRB DMRS It is the number of REs per PRB for DM-RS during the duration of the allocation of overhead for DM-RS CDM groups that do not include data.

[0305] N PRB oh This is the overhead configured by the high-level parameter xOverhead in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig. If N is not configured... PRB oh Then N is considered PRB oh It is 0.

[0306] The UE can determine the total number (N) of REs allocated to the PUSCH as follows: RE ).

[0307] For TBoMS, , where n PRB This is the total number of PRBs allocated to the UE, and N is the number of time slots used for TBS determination as indicated by "numberOfSlotsTBoMS". Otherwise, .

[0308] UE can be based on N RE Based on modulation and coding scheme field (I MCS The modulation order (Q) is determined. m ), target bitrate (R), number of layers (v), etc., to obtain unquantized intermediate variables (N) info ), and then based on N info The value obtained is the quantization intermediate number (N') of the information bits. info To determine TBS.

[0309] For example, N info It can be obtained through the following equation.

[0310] [Equation 1-1]

[0311] If N info If the value is less than or equal to a certain value (e.g., 3824), the quantization intermediate number N' of the information bits can be obtained as follows. info .

[0312] [Equation 1-2]

[0313] Next, find the value of N' in the table below. info The closest TBS.

[0314] [Table 5]

[0315] If N info If the value is greater than a certain value (e.g., 3824), the number of quantization intermediates N' of the information bits can be obtained as follows. info .

[0316] [Equation 1-3] ,in

[0317] At this point, as shown in Table 6 below, the target bitrate R and N' can be used as a reference. info The value determines TBS.

[0318] [Table 6]

[0319] As mentioned above, in order for the UE to determine the TB size (TBS) to be transmitted for PUSCH (or PDSCH of the base station), it is necessary to obtain the unquantized intermediate variable (N). info The value of N. For example, N info It can be obtained as As mentioned above, N RE It is the total number of REs allocated to PUSCH, R is the target bitrate, and Q is the target bitrate. m is the modulation order, and v is the number of layers.

[0320] That is, the UE uses N info Obtain the final TB size. After obtaining N... info During the process, the modulation order (Q) needs to be adjusted. m The target code rate (R) and the modulation order (Q) can be identified based on the MCS index. m The target bitrate (R) and the Q value corresponding to the MCS index can be obtained. m Value and R value.

[0321] However, when the UE independently determines the modulation order applied to the FD and HD resources used for PUSCH transmission, the N applied by the UE for calculating the TBS used to determine the TB transmitted via PUSCH is also considered. info The value of Q m When considering the values ​​of TB and R, ambiguity may arise. The following section describes a method for the UE to determine the TB size, taking such issues into account.

[0322] Option a is an alternative.

[0323] The UE determines the N used for calculating the TB size based on the MCS index (IMCS) indicated by the network. info The value of Q m And the value of R. That is, R and Q in m The value can be determined based on the MCS index that is instructed from the network to be used for PUSCH transmission.

[0324] Such a method can be applied when the network indicates only one MCS index to the UE. For example, this method can be applied when the UE uses methods such as Alternative 2 or Alternative 3 described above to determine the modulation order applied to FD resources and HD resources.

[0325] Option b is an alternative.

[0326] The UE determines the N used to calculate the TB size (TBS) based on the MCS index applied to the HD resource. info The value of Q m And the value of R. That is, R and Q in m The value can be determined based on the MCS index used to send PUSCH in the HD resource, as indicated from the network.

[0327] Alternatively, the UE may determine the N used to calculate the TB size based on the MCS index applied to the FD resources. info The value of Q m And the value of R. That is, R and Q in m The value can be determined based on the MCS index used to send PUSCH in the FD resource as indicated from the network.

[0328] Such a method can be applied when the network independently instructs the UE on the MCS index applied to HD resources and the MCS index applied to FD resources. For example, this method can be applied when the UE applies a method such as Alternative Scheme 1 described above to determine the modulation order applied to FD resources and HD resources.

[0329] Option c is an alternative.

[0330] The UE obtains N based on the MCS index applied to HD resources (referred to as the first MCS index). info_1 And based on the MCS index applied to FD resources (referred to as the second MCS index), N is obtained. info_2 That is, used to calculate N. info_1 R and Q mThe value can be determined based on the first MCS index used to send PUSCH in the HD resource, as indicated from the network. Additionally, the value used to calculate N... info_2 R and Q m The value can be determined based on the second MCS index used to send PUSCH in the FD resource, as indicated from the network.

[0331] In this case, the UE can determine the final N used to determine the TBS. info Value equals .here," " indicates multiplication. In this case, the value of w can be in the range of 0 ≤ w ≤ 1 (that is, w is a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1).

[0332] For example, the value of w can be equal to 0.5.

[0333] Alternatively, the value of w can be a value corresponding to the ratio of HD resources in the total resources sent for PUSCH.

[0334] Alternatively, the value of w can be a value indicated from the network to the UE via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling.

[0335] Such a method can be applied when the network independently instructs the UE on the MCS index used for HD resources and the MCS index used for FD resources. For example, this method can be applied when the UE uses a method such as Alternative Scheme 1 described above to determine the modulation order used for FD resources and HD resources.

[0336] Option d is an alternative.

[0337] UE will be used for N with a TB size determined. info The value is calculated as follows In this case, the R value can be determined based on the MCS index used for PUSCH transmission as indicated from the network.

[0338] Q m The value can be determined to be equal to .here," " indicates multiplication. In this case, the value of w can be in the range of 0 ≤ w ≤ 1 (that is, w is a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1).

[0339] For example, the value of w can be equal to 0.5.

[0340] Alternatively, the value of w can be a value corresponding to the ratio of HD resources in the total resources sent for PUSCH.

[0341] Alternatively, the value of w can be a value indicated from the network to the UE via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI signaling.

[0342] Such a method can be applied when the network indicates only one MCS index to the UE. For example, this method can be applied when the UE uses methods such as Alternative Scheme 2 or Alternative Scheme 3 described above to determine the modulation order applied to FD resources and HD resources.

[0343] Figure 20 The operation method of a UE in a wireless communication system is shown.

[0344] Reference Figure 20 The UE receives MCS (modulation and coding scheme) information indicating the MCS index (S201).

[0345] For example, MCS information can be received via downlink control information (DCI). For example, a specific MCS index in a pre-defined or configured MCS index table can be indicated by a specific field (e.g., the 'modulation and coding scheme' field) in the DCI format (DCI format 0_0, DCI format 0_1, DCI format 0_2, or DCI format 0_3) used for scheduling PUSCH.

[0346] For example, MCS information can independently indicate a first MCS index for HD resources and a second MCS index for FD resources. This has already been described in the method of Alternative Scheme 1.

[0347] According to the implementation, the MCS information may indicate only one MCS index. In this case, the UE may determine the first modulation order based on the single MCS index, and may determine the second modulation order based on the single MCS index and additional information. This has been described in Alternative Scheme 2 and Alternative Scheme 3. In this case, the additional information may correspond to 1) information about the modulation order applied to the FD resources in Alternative Scheme 2, and 2) α and β described in Alternative Scheme 3-1 and Alternative Scheme 3-2.

[0348] The UE determines the modulation order applied to a specific resource based on the MCS information, wherein, based on the specific resource being an HD (half-duplex) resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, the second modulation order is determined as the modulation order for the FD resource, and wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other (S202).

[0349] For example, the first modulation order can be determined based on the MCS index indicated by the MCS information, and the second modulation order can be determined based on the MCS index and additional information.

[0350] In this case, the additional information could be a value corresponding to the ratio of HD resources in the total resources of the data channel (e.g., w mentioned above).

[0351] According to the implementation, the additional information is to multiply by the first modulation order to obtain the value of the second modulation order (e.g., α mentioned above), and it can be configured from the network.

[0352] Alternatively, additional information is that the value of the second modulation order is obtained by adding it to the first modulation order (e.g., β as described above), and this value can be configured from the network.

[0353] The UE transmits the data channel by applying the determined modulation order (S203).

[0354] For example, the UE can determine the size of the transport block (Transport Block Size (TBS)) to be transmitted through the data channel based on the first modulation order and the second modulation order, and can transmit transport blocks with TBS through the data channel (e.g., PUSCH). This has already been described in '2. TB Size Determination Method' above.

[0355] The modulation order used to determine the TBS can be based on the first modulation order, the second modulation order, and a value corresponding to the ratio of HD resources in the total resources of the data channel. This has already been described in alternative scheme d above.

[0356] Figure 21 It shows when the application Figure 20 The method involves signaling processing and operation between the base station and the UE.

[0357] The base station provides the UE with MCS information indicating the MCS index (S211).

[0358] The UE determines the first modulation order for HD resources and the second modulation order for FD resources (S212).

[0359] The UE transmits PUSCH by applying a first modulation order in HD resources (S213) and by applying a second modulation order in FD resources (S214).

[0360] According to the method of this disclosure, when PUSCH transmission is carried out across different types of time slots (e.g., time slots where FD time slots and HD time slots are mixed) in the time domain, the UE can improve the transmission performance of the transport block by applying an appropriate modulation order according to the time slot type.

[0361] Furthermore, according to the method of this disclosure, even when PUSCH transmission is carried out across different types of time slots in the time domain, ambiguity in the method of determining TBS can be prevented.

[0362] Figure 22 The wireless device applicable to this specification is shown.

[0363] Reference Figure 22 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR).

[0364] The first wireless device 100 may include at least one processor 102 and at least one memory 104, and additionally may include at least one transceiver 106 and / or at least one antenna 108. The at least one processor 102 (hereinafter simply referred to as the processor) may control at least one memory 104 (hereinafter simply referred to as the memory) and / or at least one transceiver 106 (hereinafter simply referred to as the transceiver), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. Additionally, the processor 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various pieces of information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, memory 104 may store software code, including instructions for performing some or all of the processing controlled by processor 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 106 may be connected to processor 102 and may transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this specification, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0365] The processor (102) receives MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information indicating the MCS index, determines the modulation order applied to a specific resource based on the MCS information, and transmits the data channel by applying the determined modulation order. In this case, based on the specific resource being an HD (half-duplex) resource, the processor (102) determines a first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, the processor (102) determines a second modulation order as the modulation order for the FD resource, wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other. (See also...) Figures 18 to 21 The specific operations are described.

[0366] The second wireless device 200 may include at least one processor 202 and at least one memory 204, and may also include at least one transceiver 206 and / or at least one antenna 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate a third information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. Additionally, the processor 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206, and may store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processing controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 206 may be connected to processor 202 and may transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In this specification, wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0367] The processor (202) sends MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information indicating the MCS index to the UE, and receives a data channel in a specific resource for which a modulation order based on the MCS information is applied. In this case, based on the specific resource being an HD (half-duplex) resource, the processor (202) determines a first modulation order as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, the processor (202) determines a second modulation order as the modulation order for the FD resource, wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other. (See also...) Figures 18 to 21 The specific operations are described.

[0368] The hardware components of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, according to the functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document, and may provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and may acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0369] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented using at least one computer-readable medium (CRM) including instructions to be executed by at least one processor.

[0370] That is, at least one computer-readable medium (CRM) has instructions to be executed by at least one processor to perform operations, said operations including: receiving MCS (modulation and coding scheme) information indicating an MCS index; determining a modulation order applied to a specific resource based on the MCS information; and transmitting a data channel by applying the determined modulation order, wherein, based on the specific resource being an HD (half-duplex) resource, a first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and based on the specific resource being an FD (full-duplex) resource, a second modulation order is determined as the modulation order for the FD resource, wherein the first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other. (Already referred to...) Figures 18 to 21 The specific operations are described.

[0371] The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202, or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, so as to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0372] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. At least one memory 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. Furthermore, one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0373] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels as disclosed in the methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels as disclosed in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and can transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control to enable one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control to enable one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit or receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0374] Figure 23 An example of the structure of a signal processing module is shown. Here, signal processing can be performed... Figure 22 It is executed in processors 102 and 202.

[0375] Reference Figure 23 The transmitting device (e.g., processor, processor and memory, or processor and transceiver) in the UE or BS may include a scrambler 301, a modulator 302, a layer mapper 303, an antenna port mapper 304, a resource block mapper 305, and a signal generator 306.

[0376] The transmitting device can transmit one or more codewords. The encoded bits in each codeword are scrambled by the corresponding scrambler 301 and transmitted over the physical channel. The codeword can be referred to as a data string and can be equivalent to a transport block provided as a data block by the MAC layer.

[0377] The corresponding modulator 302 can modulate the scrambled bits into complex-valued modulation symbols. Modulator 302 can modulate the scrambled bits according to a modulation scheme to arrange complex-valued modulation symbols representing their positions on the signal constellation diagram. The modulation scheme is unrestricted, and m-PSK (m-phase shift keying) or m-QAM (m-quadrature amplitude modulation) can be used to modulate the encoded data. The modulator can be referred to as a modulation mapper.

[0378] Complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 303. Complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer can be mapped by antenna port mapper 304 for transmission at antenna ports.

[0379] Each resource block mapper 305 can map the complex-valued modulation symbols for each antenna port to appropriate resource elements in the virtual resource blocks allocated for transmission. The resource block mapper can map virtual resource blocks to physical resource blocks according to an appropriate mapping scheme. The resource block mapper 305 can allocate the complex-valued modulation symbols for each antenna port to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex the complex-valued modulation symbols according to the user.

[0380] Each signal generator 306 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbols, i.e., antenna-specific symbols, for each antenna port according to a specific modulation scheme (e.g., OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)) to generate complex-valued time-domain OFDM symbol signals. The signal generator can perform an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) on the antenna-specific symbols and can insert a CP (Cyclic Prefix) into the IFFT-operated time-domain symbols. The OFDM symbols undergo digital-to-analog conversion and up-conversion before being transmitted to the receiving device through each transmit antenna. The signal generator may include an IFFT module, a CP insertion unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0381] Figure 24 Another example illustrating the structure of a signal processing module in a transmitting device is given. Here, signal processing can be performed in the processor of the UE / BS, for example... Figure 22 Processors 102 and 202.

[0382] Reference Figure 24 The transmitting device (e.g., processor, processor and memory, or processor and transceiver) in the UE or BS may include a scrambler 401, a modulator 402, a layer mapper 403, a precoder 404, a resource block mapper 405, and a signal generator 406.

[0383] The transmitting device can scramble the encoded bits in the codeword using the corresponding scrambler 401, and then transmit the scrambled encoded bits through the physical channel.

[0384] The scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols by the corresponding modulator 402. The modulator can modulate the scrambled bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme to arrange complex-valued modulation symbols representing the positions on the signal constellation diagram. The modulation scheme is unrestricted and can use π / 2-BPSK (π / 2-binary phase shift keying), m-PSK (m-phase shift keying), or m-QAM (m-quadrature amplitude modulation) to modulate the coded data.

[0385] Complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transport layers by layer mapper 403.

[0386] Complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer can be pre-coded by pre-encoder 404 for transmission at antenna ports. Here, the pre-encoder can perform transform precoding on the complex-valued modulation symbols, followed by precoding. Alternatively, the pre-encoder can perform precoding without transform precoding. Pre-encoder 404 can process the complex-valued modulation symbols according to MIMO using multiple transmit antennas to output antenna-specific symbols and assign these symbols to the corresponding resource block mapper 405. The output z of pre-encoder 404 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of layer mapper 403 by an N×M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of layers.

[0387] Each resource block mapper 405 maps the complex-valued modulation symbol for each antenna port to the appropriate resource element in the virtual resource block allocated for transmission.

[0388] Resource block mapper 405 can assign complex-valued modulation symbols to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex complex-valued modulation symbols according to users.

[0389] Signal generator 406 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbols according to a specific modulation scheme (e.g., OFDM) to generate complex-valued time-domain OFDM symbol signals. Signal generator 406 can perform IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) on antenna-specific symbols and can insert CP (Cyclic Prefix) into the time-domain symbols that have undergone IFFT. The OFDM symbols are then converted from digital to analog and up-converted before being transmitted to the receiving device through each transmit antenna. Signal generator 406 may include an IFFT module, a CP insertion unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0390] The signal processing of the receiving device can be the reverse process of the signal processing of the transmitting device. Specifically, the processor of the transmitting device decodes and demodulates the RF signal received through the antenna port of the transceiver. The receiving device may include multiple receiving antennas, and the signals received through the receiving antennas are recovered into baseband signals, and then multiplexed and demodulated according to MIMO to recover the data string intended to be transmitted by the transmitting device. The receiving device may include: a signal recovery unit that recovers the received signal into a baseband signal; a multiplexer for combining and multiplexing the received signals; and a channel demodulator for demodulating the multiplexed signal string into corresponding codewords. The signal recovery unit, multiplexer, and channel demodulator may be configured as integrated modules or independent modules for performing their functions. More specifically, the signal recovery unit may include: an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal; a CP removal unit for removing CP from the digital signal; a FET module for applying an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to the CP-removed signal to output a frequency domain signal; and a resource element demapping / equalizer for recovering the frequency domain symbols into antenna-specific symbols. The antenna-specific symbols are then recovered into the transport layer by a multiplexer, and the transport layer is recovered into codewords intended to be transmitted by a transmitting device by a channel demodulator.

[0391] Figure 25 An example of a wireless communication device according to an implementation example of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0392] Reference Figure 25 A wireless communication device, such as a UE, may include at least one of a processor 2310 (e.g., a digital signal processor (DSP) or microprocessor), a transceiver 2335, a power management module 2305, an antenna 2340, a battery 2355, a display 2315, a keyboard 2320, a global positioning system (GPS) chip 2360, a sensor 2365, a memory 2330, a user identification module (SIM) card 2325, a speaker 2345, and a microphone 2350. Multiple antennas and multiple processors may be provided.

[0393] The processor 2310 can implement the functions, processes and methods described in this specification. Figure 25 The processor 2310 Figure 23 The memory 2330 in the memory can be Figure 22 The processors 102 and 202 are in the middle.

[0394] The memory 2330 is connected to the processor 2310 and stores information related to processor operation. The memory can be located inside or outside the processor and can be connected to the processor via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections. Figure 25 The memory 2330 in the memory can be Figure 22 The memory in the memory is 104 and 204.

[0395] Users can use various technologies, such as pressing buttons on keypad 2320 or using microphone 2350 to activate sound, to input various types of information, such as phone numbers. Processor 2310 can receive and process user information and perform appropriate functions, such as making a call using the entered phone number. In some scenarios, data can be retrieved from SIM card 2325 or memory 2330 to perform appropriate functions. In some scenarios, processor 2310 can display various types of information and data on display 2315 for user convenience.

[0396] Transceiver 2335 is connected to processor 2310 and transmits and / or receives RF signals. The processor can control the transceiver to initiate communication or transmit RF signals, including various types of information or data such as voice communication data. The transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting and receiving RF signals. Antenna 2340 facilitates the transmission and reception of RF signals. In some implementation examples, when the transceiver receives an RF signal, it can forward the signal and convert it into a baseband frequency for use in processing performed by the processor. The signal can be processed using various techniques, such as converting it into audible or readable information, for output through speaker 2345. Figure 25 The transceiver in the middle can be Figure 26 The transceivers in the middle are 106 and 206.

[0397] although Figure 25 Not shown in the diagram, but the UE may also include various components such as a camera and a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port. For example, the camera may be connected to the processor 2310.

[0398] Figure 25 This is an example of a UE implementation, and the implementation examples disclosed herein are not limited to this. The UE does not necessarily have to include... Figure 25 All components are shown. That is to say, some components, such as the keyboard 2320, GPS chip 2360, sensor 2365, and SIM card 2325, may not be required. In this case, they may not be included in the UE.

[0399] Figure 26 Another example of a wireless device is shown.

[0400] Reference Figure 26 The wireless device may include at least one processor 102 and 202, at least one memory 104 and 204, at least one transceiver 106 and 206, and at least one antenna 108 and 208.

[0401] Figure 26 Examples of wireless devices described in the document and Figure 22 The difference between the examples of wireless devices described in the text and the examples of wireless devices described in the text is that... Figure 22 The processors 102 and 202 are separate from the memories 104 and 204, while Figure 26 In the example, memories 104 and 204 are included in processors 102 and 202. That is, the processor and memory can form a chipset.

[0402] Figure 27 The communication system 1 used in this specification is shown.

[0403] Reference Figure 27 The communication system 1 used in this specification includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. In this document, a wireless device refers to a device that communicates using radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long Term Evolution (LTE) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of communication between vehicles. Here, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices may include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances may include televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0404] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can also perform direct communication with each other without going through the BS / network (e.g., secondary link communication). For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0405] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or between BS 200 and BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connections can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, secondary link communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB)). Wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0406] In addition, NR supports multiple parameter sets (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support a variety of 5G services. For example, a SCS of 15 kHz can support wide-area coverage in traditional cellular bands. A SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz supports dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. A SCS of 60 kHz or higher uses a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0407] NR bands can be defined as two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed. For example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) are shown in Table 7 below. For ease of explanation, in the frequency ranges used in NR systems, FR1 can represent "below 6 GHz" and FR2 can represent "above 6 GHz" and can also be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0408] [Table 7]

[0409] As mentioned above, the frequency range value in an NR system can be varied. For example, as shown in Table 8 below, FR1 can include a frequency band in the range of 410MHz to 7125MHz. That is, FR1 can include a frequency band of at least 6GHz (or 5850MHz, 5900MHz, 5925MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency band of at least 6GHz (or 5850MHz, 5900MHz, 5925MHz, etc.) included in FR1 can include unlicensed frequency bands. Unlicensed frequency bands can be used for a variety of purposes, such as unlicensed frequency bands for vehicle-specific communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0410] [Table 8]

[0411] The claims disclosed in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims of this specification can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method, the method comprising: Receive MCS information indicating the MCS index of the modulation and coding scheme; Based on the MCS information, the modulation order applied to a specific resource is determined; as well as The data channel is transmitted by applying the determined modulation order. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The MCS information is received via downlink control information (DCI).

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first modulation order is determined based on the MCS index, and the second modulation order is determined based on the MCS index and additional information.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The additional information is a value corresponding to the ratio of the HD resources in the total resources of the data channel.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The additional information is obtained by multiplying the first modulation order to obtain the value of the second modulation order, and the additional information is configured from the network.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The additional information is obtained by adding the first modulation order to obtain the value of the second modulation order, and the additional information is configured from the network.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The MCS information independently indicates a first MCS index for the HD resource and a second MCS index for the FD resource.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the transport block size (TBS) of the transport block transmitted through the data channel based on the first modulation order and the second modulation order.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The modulation order of the TBS is determined based on the first modulation order, the second modulation order, and a value corresponding to the ratio of the HD resources in the total resources of the data channel.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The data channel is the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

11. A user equipment (UE), the UE comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one memory; as well as At least one processor, said at least one processor being operatively coupled to said at least one memory and said at least one transceiver, Wherein, the at least one memory stores instructions, the instructions causing the at least one processor to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor, the operation including: Receive MCS information indicating the MCS index of the modulation and coding scheme; Based on the MCS information, the modulation order applied to a specific resource is determined; and The data channel is transmitted by applying the determined modulation order. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

12. An apparatus, the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; as well as At least one processor, said at least one processor being operatively coupled to said at least one memory, Wherein, the at least one memory stores instructions, the instructions causing the at least one processor to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor, the operation including: Receive MCS information indicating the MCS index of the modulation and coding scheme; Based on the MCS information, the modulation order applied to a specific resource is determined; and The data channel is transmitted by applying the determined modulation order. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

13. A computer-readable medium CRM, the CRM including instructions that, based on execution by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: Receive MCS information indicating the MCS index of the modulation and coding scheme; Based on the MCS information, the modulation order applied to a specific resource is determined; as well as The data channel is transmitted by applying the determined modulation order. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

14. A method comprising: Send MCS information indicating the modulation and coding scheme MCS index to the user equipment (UE); as well as A data channel that receives a modulation order based on the MCS information in a specific resource. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

15. A base station, the base station comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one memory; as well as At least one processor, said at least one processor being operatively coupled to said at least one memory and said at least one transceiver, Wherein, the at least one memory stores instructions, the instructions causing the at least one processor to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor, the operation including: Send MCS information indicating the modulation and coding scheme MCS index to the user equipment (UE); and A data channel that receives a modulation order based on the MCS information in a specific resource. Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a half-duplex HD resource, the first modulation order is determined as the modulation order applied to the HD resource, and Wherein, based on the fact that the specific resource is a full-duplex FD resource, the second modulation order is determined to be the modulation order for the FD resource, and The first modulation order and the second modulation order are different from each other.

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