Integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization and seeding equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization and seeding equipment which comprises a rotary tillage device, a soil leveling device, a seeding device, a ditching device and a soil sealing device which are sequentially installed below frame rods on the two sides of a machine frame from front to back, the soil sealing device comprises a soil sealing roller and an adjusting mechanism, and a support is arranged on the bottom face of the end of each side frame rod. The two ends of the soil sealing roller are rotationally connected between the middles of the frame rods on the two sides through roller shafts. A fertilizer bin is arranged above a rotary tillage bin of the rotary tillage device, and a fertilizer feeder is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin; the seeding device comprises a plurality of seeders installed between two trapezoidal plates in the middle of the rack, a first right-angle steering gear is installed on a roller shaft at one end of a soil sealing roller, a stepless speed reducer connected with a first synchronizing shaft is installed on the outer side face of each trapezoidal plate, and a second right-angle steering gear is installed on a roller shaft at the other end of the soil sealing roller. A manual gearbox connected with the synchronizing shaft B is mounted on the end surface of the fertilizer bin; according to the seeding equipment, the stability and the driving efficiency of bidirectional driving of the soil sealing roller are ensured, and the soil covering and burying quality and the seeding quality of seeds are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sesame planters, and more particularly to an integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization and planting device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of agricultural machinery technology, mechanized sowing of small-seed crops like sesame is increasingly being achieved using seeders. These seeders are multifunctional, integrating rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, furrowing, and soil covering, and can perform fertilization and sowing operations simultaneously. However, due to the small size and irregular shape of sesame seeds, high performance requirements are placed on seeders, and existing models cannot fully meet the high-quality sowing needs of sesame. Utility model patent CN219182045U discloses a sesame sowing and soil covering roller drive device. During the forward rolling of the soil-sealing roller, the fertilization and sowing mechanisms are driven synchronously through the linkage of sprockets and chains, eliminating the need for a dedicated traction device, thus saving energy and reducing costs. However, during operation, soil or stubble often splashes and gets stuck in the chains and sprockets, requiring frequent cleaning. Furthermore, the chain drive is prone to tension loss, affecting transmission efficiency and requiring frequent maintenance to maintain tension. Sesame planters with rotary tillage function loosen the soil by using rotary tillage teeth within the rotary tillage chamber. During rotary tillage, stubble from the previous season's crop remains in the field. If the soil is not dry enough and the stubble is moist, the soil and stubble are often caught in the corners of the rotary tillage chamber by the rotating rotary tillage teeth, sticking and accumulating there, requiring frequent cleaning. Currently, the rotary tillage chamber is usually a one-piece frame shell structure, so cleaning requires lifting the rotary tillage trough from below, which is very troublesome. In addition, the current covering roller is mounted on the rear of the frame via a bracket. When the planter is working, the covering roller relies on its own weight to apply pressure to the soil to cover it. When encountering different soil types or significant changes in soil moisture, the pressure applied by the covering roller will also change. The current installation method of the covering roller cannot adjust the downward pressure accordingly, resulting in poor soil covering effect and affecting the sowing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: an integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device, comprising a rotary tillage device, a leveling device, a sowing device, a furrowing device, and a soil sealing device installed sequentially from front to back below the side frame rods on both sides of the machine frame; the soil sealing device includes a soil sealing roller and an adjustment mechanism, a support is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the side frame rod, the side frame rod is connected to the support, the two ends of the soil sealing roller are rotatably connected between the middle of the two side frame rods through roller shafts, two ear plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the support, the end of the movable beam is hinged between the lower ends of the two ear plates through a horizontal shaft, two vertical elongated holes are symmetrically provided on the upper part of the ear plates, and bolts are installed between the vertical elongated holes and the support; a fertilizer bin is provided above the rotary tillage bin of the rotary tillage device, and several interconnected via synchronous shafts are provided at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The connected fertilizer applicator has an outlet connected to a fertilizer chute extending to the front of the rotary tiller, and the surface of the fertilizer chute is provided with a V-shaped guide platform; the seeding device includes several seeders installed between two trapezoidal plates in the middle of the frame, and the seeders are connected to each other through synchronous shaft A; a right-angle steering gear A is installed on the roller shaft at one end of the sealing roller, and a continuously variable reducer connected to synchronous shaft A is installed on the outer side of the trapezoidal plate, and the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear A and the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer are connected by connecting rod A; a right-angle steering gear B is installed on the roller shaft at the other end of the sealing roller, and a manual gearbox connected to synchronous shaft B is installed on the end face of the fertilizer bin, and the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear B and the input shaft of the manual gearbox are connected by connecting rod B.

[0005] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a long screw and a manual wheel. The upper part of the long screw is vertically slidably connected to a sliding hole at the end of the side frame rod. The lower end of the long screw is provided with a U-shaped fork, which is fitted onto the outer end of the side frame rod. The U-shaped fork and the side frame rod are hinged by a pin. The manual wheel is threadedly connected to the long screw at the upper end of the side frame rod. A support spring is fitted in the middle of the long screw. The upper end of the support spring abuts against the bottom surface of the side frame rod, and the lower end abuts against the upper surface of the U-shaped fork.

[0006] Preferably, the side of the sealing roller is provided with a plurality of annular grooves at equal intervals along its axial direction, and a transition arc is provided between the annular grooves and the main body of the sealing roller. A support crossbar is fixedly connected between the ends of the two movable beams, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the support crossbar by screws. A plurality of arc-shaped plates corresponding to the annular grooves are evenly provided on the inner side of the scraper. The support crossbar is a square bar, which is inclined toward the sealing roller.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting rod A includes a multi-faceted shaft and a multi-faceted sleeve. The outer end of the multi-faceted shaft is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear A, and the outer end of the multi-faceted sleeve is connected to the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer. The inner ends of the multi-faceted shaft and the multi-faceted sleeve are slidably connected. The structure and connection method of the connecting rod B are the same as those of the connecting rod A.

[0008] Preferably, the outer end of the polygonal shaft is connected to a universal joint, which is connected to the output shaft via a connector. The outer end of the polygonal sleeve is also connected to a universal joint, which is connected to the input shaft via a connector. The connector is an internal hexagonal sleeve. Both the input shaft and the output shaft are hexagonal shafts. The hexagonal sleeve is locked to the input shaft or the output shaft by a pin.

[0009] Preferably, the leveling device includes a leveling roller and a support arm. A hinge shaft A is provided at the upper rear corner of each end plate of the rotary tiller. The upper end of the support arm is connected to the hinge shaft, and a bearing with a seat is provided on the lower side of the support arm. The leveling roller is laterally positioned between the lower ends of the two support arms, and the roller shaft of the leveling roller is connected to the bearing with a seat. The length of the leveling roller is the same as the length of the rotary tiller. A hinge lug is provided in the middle of the inner side of the support arm, and a hinge shaft B is provided on the outer side of the end plate. A telescopic support assembly is provided between the hinge lug and the hinge shaft B.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic support assembly includes a telescopic tube A with an internal threaded hole A, a telescopic tube B with an internal threaded hole B, and a bidirectional lead screw. The outer end of the telescopic tube A is provided with a slot, which is engaged with and hinged to the hinge lug seat. The outer end of the telescopic tube B is hinged to the hinge shaft B. One end of the bidirectional lead screw is connected to the threaded hole A, and the other end is connected to the threaded hole B. The thread directions of the two threaded sections are opposite.

[0011] Preferably, a cross brace is provided between the inner sides of the two support arms, and a connecting plate is provided on the end face of the cross brace. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support arm. Several long grooves are evenly distributed on the side of the flat soil roller, and the direction of the long grooves is consistent with the length direction of the flat soil roller.

[0012] Preferably, the rotary tillage bin includes two square tube beams, A and B, arranged side by side. A support end plate is welded and fixed between the end faces of square tube beams A and B. A speed reducer mounting plate is provided between the middle of square tube beams A and B. An arc-shaped cover plate is hinged to square tube beam A between the speed reducer mounting plate and the end plate. The arc-shaped cover plates at both ends and the speed reducer mounting plate in the middle close the upper end of the rotary tillage bin. A locking mechanism is provided between the arc-shaped cover plate and square tube beam B.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a handwheel, a sliding rod, and a push spring. The side edge of the arc-shaped cover plate is provided with a guide hole. The sliding rod is fixedly connected to the center of the handwheel. A horizontal stop is provided vertically at the lower end of the sliding rod. A V-shaped plate is provided on the inner side of the square tube beam B. The V-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the square tube beam B through a vertical plate. A transverse elongated hole is provided in the middle of the V-shaped plate. The horizontal stop extends into the V-shaped plate through the transverse elongated hole. The push spring is fitted on the sliding rod between the handwheel and the surface of the arc-shaped cover plate. The length of the transverse elongated hole is greater than the length of the horizontal stop, and the width of the transverse elongated hole is less than the length of the horizontal stop.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are: (1) The present invention uses a multi-faceted sleeve and a multi-faceted shaft of sliding sleeve as the transmission shaft. The multi-faceted sleeve and the multi-faceted shaft slide relative to each other and are connected by a universal joint structure. The relative extension and contraction and straightness can be changed as the position and angle of the sealing roller change during the undulation process. This transmission method can effectively avoid splashed soil or straw getting stuck inside and affecting the transmission. It also does not require frequent maintenance to ensure the transmission effect, thus ensuring the stability and driving efficiency of the bidirectional drive of the sealing roller.

[0015] (2) The present invention can adjust the compression of the support spring in the middle of the long screw by rotating the manual wheel, thereby changing the top pressure of the support spring on the covering roller, and thus adjusting the pressure applied by the covering roller to the soil, so that it can adapt to the soil covering requirements of different soil conditions, and improve the soil covering quality and sowing quality of seeds.

[0016] (3) The present invention supports the two support arms of the leveling roller at both ends by a telescopic support component. By turning the bidirectional screw, the support arms can be pushed outward or pulled inward simultaneously to change the tilt angle of the support arms at the end of the rotary tillage bin, thereby changing the working height of the leveling roller. When encountering large differences in soil quality or large changes in soil moisture in the field, the degree of downward pressure of the leveling roller can be adjusted accordingly to ensure the soil crushing and leveling effect under different soil conditions.

[0017] (4) The rotary tillage bin of the present invention is equipped with arc-shaped covers that can be opened upwards at both ends. The two arc-shaped covers are located at the two ends of the rotary tillage bin where soil and stubble tend to stick and accumulate. When the two arc-shaped covers are opened, some of the soil and stubble tend to fall off automatically. The remaining parts can be easily cleaned from the top without having to lift the rotary tillage bin for cleaning. This saves time and effort and ensures high safety in operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the continuously variable reducer, right-angle steering gear A, and connecting rod A; Figure 3 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the manual transmission, right-angle steering gear B, and connecting rod B; Figure 5 This is one of the top view structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 6 This is one of the side view structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 7 This is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of a soil sealing device; Figure 8 This is one of the side view structural schematic diagrams of the soil sealing device; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross-section structure; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 11 This is a top view of the earth sealing device. Figure 12 This is the second side view schematic diagram of the sealing device; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rotary tillage device and a leveling device; Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 15 This is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of a rotary tillage device and a leveling device; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-section structure; Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the CC-direction cross-section structure; Figure 18 yes Figure 17 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rotary tiller; Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped cover plate; Figure 21 This is the second three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary tillage device and the leveling device; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the leveling device. In the diagram, 11. Square tube beam A, 12. Square tube beam B, 13. Support end plate, 14. Reducer mounting plate, 15. Arc-shaped cover plate, 151. Hinge, 152. Flat plate, 153. Reinforced end plate, 154. L-shaped reinforced flange, 16. Locking mechanism, 161. Handwheel, 162. Sliding rod, 163. Push spring, 164. Horizontal stop bar, 165. V-shaped plate, 166. Horizontal elongated hole, 167. Limiting boss, 168. Vertical plate, 18. Rotary tillage tooth assembly, 181. Central tillage plow, 21. Side frame rod, 211. Support, 212. Ear plate, 213. Horizontal shaft, 214. Vertical elongated hole, 215. Bolt, 22. Soil sealing roller, 221. Circular groove, 23. Adjustment mechanism, 231. Movable beam, 232. Long screw, 233. 234. U-shaped fork, 235. Manual wheel, 236. Pin, 24. Support spring, 25. Support crossbar, 26. Screw, 27. Sleeve shaft, 28. Scraper, 29. Arc-shaped plate, 20. Sleeve body, 20. Operating platform, 21. Anti-slip hole, 32. Leveling roller, 33. Long trough, 34. Rotary tillage bin, 35. End plate, 36. Connecting hole, 37. Hinge shaft A, 38. Hinge shaft B, 39. Support arm, 30. Hinge lug seat, 31. Bearing with seat, 32. Reinforcing rib, 33. Telescopic support assembly, 34. Telescopic tube A, 34. Threaded hole A, 34. Telescopic tube B, 34. Threaded hole B, 34. Double-acting screw, 346. Circular reinforcing section, 347. Snap-fit 348. Hexagonal head A, 349. Hexagonal head B, 36. Horizontal support rod, 361. Connecting plate, 41. Trapezoidal plate, 411. Seeder, 412. Synchronous shaft A, 413. Continuously variable reducer, 42. Fertilizer bin, 421. Fertilizer discharger, 422. Synchronous shaft B, 423. Manual gearbox, 431. Right angle steering gear A, 432. Right angle steering gear B, 433. Triangular seat, 44. Connecting rod A, 441. Multi-faceted shaft, 442. Multi-faceted sleeve, 443. Universal joint, 444. Internal hexagonal sleeve, 445. Pin, 45. Connecting rod B, 51. Furrow opener, 61. Fertilizer chute, 611. V-shaped guide platform, 71. Hanging bracket, 72. Reducer, 81. Square tube seat, 811. U-shaped clip, 812. Clip sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1, see appendix Figure 1-6An integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device includes a rotary tillage device, a leveling device, a sowing device, a furrowing device, and a soil sealing device, installed sequentially from front to back below the side frames 21 on both sides of the machine frame. The soil sealing device includes a soil sealing roller 22 and an adjustment mechanism 23. A support 211 is provided on the bottom surface of the end of the side frame 21, and the side frame 21 is connected to the support. The two ends of the soil sealing roller 22 are rotatably connected between the middle of the two side frames 21 via roller shafts. A movable beam 231 can rotate relative to the side frame 21 to adjust the angle between them. Two ear plates 212 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the support 211. The end of the movable beam 231 is hinged between the lower ends of the two ear plates via a horizontal shaft. As the soil sealing roller 22 contacts the ground and moves forward, it rotates due to the friction of the ground and covers the soil. Two vertical elongated holes 214 are symmetrically provided on the upper part of the plate 212. Bolts 215 are installed between the vertical elongated holes 214 and the support 211. After loosening the bolts, the height of the two ear plates 212 on the support 211 can be adjusted vertically, which can increase the adjustment range of the soil covering roller body height. A fertilizer bin 42 is provided above the rotary tillage bin 32 of the rotary tillage device. Several fertilizer dischargers 421 connected to each other by synchronous shaft B 422 are provided at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The outlet of the fertilizer discharger is connected to a fertilizer chute 61 extending to the front of the rotary tillage device. A V-shaped guide platform 611 is provided on the surface of the fertilizer chute. The fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharger 421 is sent to the ground in front of the rotary tillage device through the fertilizer chute 61. During the operation of the rotary tillage device, the fertilizer is rotated into the soil and fully mixed to ensure the uniformity of fertilization.

[0020] The sowing device includes several seeders 411 installed between two trapezoidal plates 41 in the middle of the frame. The seeders are interconnected via a synchronous shaft A 412, which drives the seeders 411 to run synchronously. A disc-type furrow opener 51 is provided below the seeders 411, and the seed discharge tube of the seeder 411 extends into the furrow opener 51. A right-angle deflector A 431 is installed on the roller shaft at one end of the sealing roller 22. A continuously variable reducer 413 connected to the synchronous shaft A 412 is installed on the outer side of the trapezoidal plate 41. The output shaft of the right-angle deflector A 431 and the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer 413 are connected by a connecting rod A 44. The right-angle deflector A 431 deflects the power of the sealing roller 22 and transmits it to the connecting rod A 44. The connecting rod A, as a transmission shaft, transmits the power to the continuously variable reducer 413, which reduces the power. The power is then transmitted to each seeder 411 to meet the speed requirements for seeding. A right-angle steering gear B 432 is installed on the roller shaft at the other end of the sealing roller 22. A manual gearbox 423 connected to the synchronous shaft B 422 is installed on the end face of the fertilizer bin 42. The synchronous shaft B 422 drives the fertilizer applicator 421 to run synchronously. The output shaft of the right-angle steering gear B 432 and the input shaft of the manual gearbox 423 are connected by a connecting rod B 45. The right-angle steering gear B 432 turns the power of the sealing roller 22 and then transmits it to the connecting rod B 45. The connecting rod B 45 acts as a transmission shaft to transmit the power to the manual gearbox 423. The manual gearbox reduces the power and then transmits it to each fertilizer applicator 421 to meet the speed requirements for fertilizer applicator 421 to discharge fertilizer. This realizes that the power generated by the rotation of the sealing roller 22 synchronously drives the fertilizer applicator 421 and the seeder 411.

[0021] Both right-angle steering gear A 431 and right-angle steering gear B 432 are provided with triangular seats 433 on their sides. The bracket at the end of the sealing roller 22 is also provided with triangular seats 433. The two triangular seats are fixed by bolts 215. The triangular seats 433 can increase the contact area between the right-angle steering gear and the bracket, and improve the stability of the steering gear when installed on the bracket.

[0022] Linkage A 44 includes a polygonal shaft 441 and a polygonal sleeve 442. The outer end of the polygonal shaft is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear A 431, and the outer end of the polygonal sleeve 442 is connected to the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer 413. The polygonal shaft 441 and the polygonal sleeve 442 serve as the transmission shaft between the continuously variable reducer 413 and the right-angle steering gear A 431. The inner ends of the polygonal shaft 441 and the polygonal sleeve 442 are slidably sleeved together. The structure and connection method of link B 45 are the same as those of link A 44. Therefore, the right-angle steering gear B 432 and the manual transmission 423 also use the polygonal shaft 441 and the polygonal sleeve 442 as the transmission shaft.

[0023] The outer end of the polygonal shaft 441 is connected to a universal joint 443, which is connected to the output shaft via a connector. The outer end of the polygonal sleeve 442 is also connected to a universal joint 443, which is connected to the input shaft via a connector. The connector is an inner hexagonal sleeve 444. Both the input and output shafts are hexagonal shafts. The hexagonal sleeve is locked to the input or output shaft by a pin 445. This connection structure at the input and output ends facilitates docking and disassembly, and improves assembly and maintenance efficiency.

[0024] An operating platform 27 is provided between the outer ends of the side frame 21. The operating platform is densely covered with a number of anti-slip holes 271. These densely covered anti-slip holes 271 can increase the friction of the operating platform 27, making it safer to work on the standing operating platform and avoiding slipping.

[0025] During the process of sealing soil on the soil surface, the sealing roller 22 of this embodiment will rise and fall with the ground. At this time, the distance and relative angle between the right-angle steering gear B 432 and the manual gearbox 423 will change. The distance and relative angle between the continuously variable reducer 413 and the right-angle steering gear A 431 will also change. The sliding sleeve structure of the multi-faceted shaft 441 and the multi-faceted sleeve 442 of this embodiment can slide relative to each other with the rise and fall of the sealing roller 22 to change the transmission length. Furthermore, the straightness of the transmission can be changed through the universal joint 443 to adapt to the changes in the distance and relative angle. This transmission method can avoid splashed soil or stubble getting stuck inside and affecting the transmission. It also does not require frequent maintenance to ensure the transmission effect and has excellent practical operation results.

[0026] Example 2, see appendix Figure 7-12 In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 23 of the sealing roller 22 includes a long screw 232 and a manual wheel 234. The upper part of the long screw 232 is vertically slidably connected to a sliding hole at the end of the side frame 21. The lower end of the long screw is provided with a U-shaped fork 233, which is fitted onto the outer end of the side frame 21. The U-shaped fork 233 and the side frame 21 are hinged by a pin 235. The sealing roller 22 can swing up and down between the two side frames 21 via a movable beam 231. The manual wheel 234 is threadedly connected to the long screw 232 at the upper end of the side frame 21. A support spring 236 is fitted in the middle of the long screw 232. The upper end of the support spring rests on the bottom surface of the side frame 21, and the lower end rests on the upper surface of the U-shaped fork 233. Rotating the manual wheel 234 can pull the screw 232 upward and change the compression of the support spring 236.

[0027] Several annular grooves 221 are provided at equal intervals along the axial direction on the side of the sealing roller 22. A transition arc is provided between the annular grooves and the main body of the sealing roller. The annular grooves 221 can form annular protrusions on the covering roller. These annular protrusions can increase the lateral squeezing force of the covering roller on the soil, making it easier for the soil to enter the sowing furrow.

[0028] A support crossbar 24 is fixedly connected between the ends of the two movable beams 231. A scraper 25 is fixedly connected to the support crossbar 24 by screws 241. Several arc-shaped plates 251 corresponding to the circular groove 221 are evenly arranged on the inner side of the scraper. During the process of the sealing roller 22 rolling to seal the soil, soil will adhere to the circular groove. The arc-shaped plates 251 on the scraper 25 extend into the circular groove to scrape off the adhered soil in time, ensuring the effect of covering and burying.

[0029] The support crossbar 24 is a square bar, which is inclined toward the sealing roller 22. The arc-shaped plate 251 can be inclined to extend into the circular groove, reducing the reverse force on the scraper 25 and improving the stability and service life of the scraper 25. Both ends of the square bar are provided with sleeved round shafts 242. A sleeve is provided on the upper surface of the movable beam 231. The round shaft is fitted into the sleeve body 26 of the sleeve. The support crossbar 24 can be easily installed or removed through the sleeve, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the scraper 25.

[0030] When the sealing roller 22 of this embodiment is working, the sealing roller 22 contacts the ground and moves forward. Due to the friction of the ground, the sealing roller 22 rotates to cover the soil. During this process, the sealing roller 22 swings up and down with the ground undulation between the side frame 21 through the two movable beams 231. The long screw 232 connected to the sealing roller 22 slides up and down in the sliding hole on the side frame 21. The spring provides the top pressure of the sealing roller 22. If the downward pressure of the sealing roller 22 is to be changed, the manual wheel 234 is turned by hand. The manual wheel 234 pulls the screw 232 upward through the thread, changing the angle between the side frame 21 and the movable beam 231, thereby changing the compression of the support spring 236. The top pressure of the support spring 236 on the sealing roller is adjusted, thereby changing the pressure applied by the sealing roller to the soil, so that it can adapt to the soil covering requirements of different soil conditions.

[0031] Example 3, see appendix Figure 13-1621-22, a soil leveling device according to Embodiment 1, the soil leveling device includes a soil leveling roller 31 and support arms 33. Hinged shafts 323 are provided at the upper rear corners of the end plates 321 of the rotary tiller 32. The upper ends of the support arms 33 are connected to the hinged shafts, and the lower sides of the support arms 33 are provided with seated bearings 332. The soil leveling roller 31 is laterally positioned between the lower ends of the two support arms 33. The height of the soil leveling roller 31 can be adjusted vertically by rotating the two end support arms 33. The roller shaft of the soil leveling roller 31 is connected to the seated bearing 332. The bearing 332 is a square bearing with high connection stability. The length of the leveling roller 31 is the same as the length of the rotary tiller 32, ensuring that the leveling roller 31 can cover the rotary tillage range of the rotary tiller 32. A hinge seat 331 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the support arm 33, and a hinge shaft B 324 is provided on the outer side of the end plate 321. A telescopic support assembly 34 is provided between the hinge seat 331 and the hinge shaft B 324. The support arm 33 is supported by the assembly and the tilt angle of the support arm 33 can be adjusted.

[0032] The surface of the end plate 321 is provided with a number of connecting holes 322 evenly in the transverse direction. The hinge shaft 324 is fixedly connected in one of the connecting holes 322. The hinge shaft 324 can be connected to different connecting holes 322 to adjust the installation position of the telescopic support assembly 34, thereby increasing or decreasing the telescopic adjustment range of the telescopic support assembly 34 and improving its flexibility.

[0033] A cross brace 36 is provided between the inner sides of the two support arms 33. A connecting plate 361 is provided on the end face of the cross brace 36. The connecting plate 361 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support arm 33. The cross brace 36 fixes the two support arms 33 together, which serves to strengthen the support and ensure that the two can rotate synchronously to adjust the angle. The support arm 33 is generally fan-shaped, and a reinforcing rib 333 is provided on the edge of the support arm 33. The fan-shaped structure combined with the reinforcing rib 333 on the edge can ensure that the support arm 33 has high support strength.

[0034] The telescopic support assembly 34 includes a telescopic tube body A 341 with an internal threaded hole A 342, a telescopic tube body B 343 with an internal threaded hole B 344, and a bidirectional screw 345. The outer end of the telescopic tube body A 341 is provided with a slot, which is engaged with and hinged to the hinge lug seat 331, forming a hinge structure between the telescopic tube body A 341 and the hinge lug seat 331. The outer end of the telescopic tube body B 343 is hinged to the hinge shaft B 324. The hinge structure at both ends of the telescopic support assembly allows it to swing at a certain angle relative to the support arm 33 and the rotary tiller 32. One end of the bidirectional screw 345 is connected to the threaded hole A 342, and the other end is connected to the threaded hole B 344. The threads of the two threaded sections are in opposite directions. Tightening the bidirectional screw 345 can simultaneously push the two telescopic tube bodies outward or pull them inward through the two threaded sections with opposite directions, thereby changing the support length.

[0035] The bidirectional lead screw 345 has a circular reinforcing section 346 in the middle. The side of the circular reinforcing section 346 has two symmetrical locking surfaces 347. The two ends of the circular reinforcing section 346 are threaded sections A and B with opposite directions, respectively. The two locking surfaces 347 are used to engage a wrench, and the bidirectional lead screw 345 is rotated by turning the wrench.

[0036] The inner end of the telescopic tube body A 341 is provided with a hexagonal head A 348, and the inner end of the telescopic tube body B 343 is provided with a hexagonal head B 349. During the process of turning the double-acting screw 345, the hexagonal head A 348 or the hexagonal head B 349 can be locked with a wrench to prevent the telescopic tube body from receiving torque with the screw, thus protecting the hinge point from loosening.

[0037] In this embodiment, the telescopic support assembly 34 supports the two support arms 33 of the leveling roller 31 at both ends. By turning the bidirectional screw 345, the support arms 33 can be pushed outward or pulled inward simultaneously, changing the tilt angle of the support arms 33 at the end of the rotary tillage bin 32, thereby changing the working height of the leveling roller 31. When encountering large differences in soil quality or large changes in soil moisture in the field, the downward pressure of the leveling roller 31 can be adjusted accordingly to ensure the soil breaking and leveling effect under different soil conditions.

[0038] The side of the leveling roller 31 is evenly distributed with several long grooves 311, and the direction of the long grooves 311 is consistent with the length direction of the leveling roller 31. These evenly distributed long grooves 311 can form a concave-convex structure on the surface of the leveling roller 31, which is conducive to improving the crushing effect of harder soil blocks, avoiding the problem of incomplete crushing, and the concave-convex structure can improve the grip of the leveling roller 31, ensuring that it can roll smoothly on different soil surfaces.

[0039] Example 4, see appendix Figure 15-20In one embodiment, a rotary tillage bin 32 includes two square tube beams, A 11 and B 12, arranged side by side. Two square tube seats 81 are spaced apart at the ends of the side frame 21. Sleeves 812 are slidably fitted onto each square tube seat 81. The sleeves 812 and the square tube seats 81 are fixed together by adjusting holes and bolts 215. U-shaped clips 811 are provided on the inner side of the sleeves 812. The two U-shaped clips 811 are respectively engaged with the square tube beams A 11 and B 12. Support end plates 13 are welded and fixed between the end faces of the square tube beams A 11 and B 12. A protective baffle is provided between the outer sides. The rotary tillage tooth assembly 18 is rotatably installed between the lower ends of the two support end plates 13. A reducer mounting plate 14 is provided between the middle of the square tube beam A 11 and the square tube beam B 12. The reducer mounting plate 14 is used to install the reducer 72 to drive the rotary tillage tooth assembly 18 to rotate. An arc-shaped cover plate 15 is hinged to the square tube beam A 11 between the reducer mounting plate 14 and the end plate 321 by a hinge 151. The arc-shaped cover plates 15 at both ends and the reducer mounting plate 14 in the middle close the upper end of the rotary tillage chamber 32. A locking mechanism 16 is provided between the arc-shaped cover plate 15 and the square tube beam B 12.

[0040] The curved cover plate 15 has L-shaped reinforcing flanges 154 along its length. A reinforcing end plate 153 is provided between the two L-shaped reinforcing flanges 154 and the end face of the curved cover plate 15. The L-shaped reinforcing flanges 154 and the reinforcing end plate 153 reinforce the curved cover plate 15 around its edges, improving its resistance to deformation and ensuring the stability of the curved cover plate 15 during rotary tillage. Both ends of the reducer mounting plate 14 are provided with connecting lugs. A mounting bracket 71 is fixedly connected to the connecting lugs by bolts 215. This mounting bracket 71 is used to connect the rotary tillage chamber 32 to the traction equipment.

[0041] Since the rotary tillage gear assembly 18 at the position of the reducer 72 cannot be covered, a central tillage plow 181 is provided in the middle of the rotary tillage chamber 32. The central tillage plow 181 corresponds to the position of the reducer 72 and plays the role of fully tilling the soil.

[0042] The locking mechanism 16 includes a handwheel 161, a sliding rod 162, and a push spring 163. A guide hole is provided along the side edge of the arc-shaped cover plate 15. The sliding rod 162 is fixedly connected to the center of the handwheel 161 to form an integral structure. A horizontal stop bar 164 is vertically provided at the lower end of the sliding rod 162, serving as the locking head of the mechanism. A V-shaped plate 165 is provided on the inner side of the square tube beam 12, with the opening of the V-shaped plate 165 facing downwards. The V-shaped plate 165 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the square tube beam 12 via a vertical plate 168. A transverse elongated hole is provided in the middle of the V-shaped plate 165, through which the horizontal stop bar 163... A transverse elongated hole extends into the V-shaped plate 165. A push spring 163 is fitted onto a sliding rod 162 between the handwheel 161 and the surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 15. The spring drives the sliding rod 162 to move along the guide hole. The length of the transverse elongated hole is greater than the length of the crossbar 164, and the width of the transverse elongated hole is less than the length of the crossbar 164. This size design ensures that the crossbar 164 is locked inside the V-shaped plate 165 and will not slip out of the transverse elongated hole, thus achieving a lock. When the crossbar 164 rotates in the same direction as the length of the transverse elongated hole, it can slide out of the transverse elongated hole and release the lock.

[0043] When using the locking mechanism 16, press the handwheel 161 downwards by hand, the push spring 163 is compressed, the sliding rod 162 slides downwards along the guide hole, and the lower end crossbar 164 disengages from the V-shaped plate 165. Then rotate the handwheel 161, the sliding rod 162 and the lower end crossbar 164 rotate accordingly to correspond with the transverse elongated hole. Release the handwheel 161, the elastic force of the push spring 163 drives the sliding rod 162 to slide upwards, and the crossbar 164 disengages from the transverse elongated hole to achieve unlocking.

[0044] A flat plate 152 is provided on the edge of the arc-shaped cover plate 15, and a guide sliding hole is provided on the flat plate 152. The lower end of the push spring 163 is supported on the surface of the flat plate 152. The flat plate 152 is used to provide horizontal support for the spring, ensuring the pushing effect of the push spring 163 and increasing the sliding stroke of the sliding rod 162, making unlocking more convenient. A limiting boss 167 is provided at the center of the handwheel 161. The upper end of the push spring 163 is fitted on the limiting boss 167. The limiting boss 167 is used to improve the stability of the push spring 163 fitted on the sliding rod 162 and prevent the spring from deforming or misaligning.

[0045] In this embodiment, when soil and stubble stick together and accumulate at the corners inside the rotary tiller 32 during operation, the locking mechanism 16 is operated to release the locking of the arc-shaped cover 15, and then the two arc-shaped cover 15 are opened. After opening, the soil and stubble will automatically fall off due to loss of attachment. Then, the remaining parts are cleaned from the top, and the arc-shaped cover 15 is closed and locked. This process does not require lifting the rotary tiller 32 for cleaning, which has the advantages of saving time and effort and high operational safety.

Claims

1. An integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device, characterized in that: The machine includes a rotary tiller, a leveling device, a seeding device, a furrowing device, and a soil sealing device, installed sequentially from front to back below the side frame poles. The soil sealing device includes a soil sealing roller and an adjusting mechanism. A support is located at the bottom of the end of each side frame pole, and the side frame pole is connected to this support. The two ends of the soil sealing roller are rotatably connected between the middle of the two side frame poles via roller shafts. Two ear plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. The end of the movable beam is hinged between the lower ends of the two ear plates via a horizontal shaft. Two vertical elongated holes are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the ear plates, and bolts are installed between the vertical elongated holes and the support. A fertilizer bin is located above the rotary tiller chamber of the rotary tiller. Several fertilizer dischargers connected to each other via a synchronous shaft are located at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The fertilizer dischargers... The machine is connected to a fertilizer chute extending to the front of the rotary tiller, and the surface of the fertilizer chute is provided with a V-shaped guide platform; the seeding device includes several seeders installed between two trapezoidal plates in the middle of the frame, and the seeders are connected to each other through a synchronous shaft A; a right-angle steering gear A is installed on the roller shaft at one end of the sealing roller, and a continuously variable reducer connected to the synchronous shaft A is installed on the outer side of the trapezoidal plate, and the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear A and the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer are connected by a connecting rod A; a right-angle steering gear B is installed on the roller shaft at the other end of the sealing roller, and a manual gearbox connected to the synchronous shaft B is installed on the end face of the fertilizer bin, and the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear B and the input shaft of the manual gearbox are connected by a connecting rod B.

2. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a long screw and a manual wheel. The upper part of the long screw is vertically slidably connected to a sliding hole at the end of the side frame rod. The lower end of the long screw is provided with a U-shaped fork, which is fitted onto the outer end of the side frame rod. The U-shaped fork and the side frame rod are hinged by a pin. The manual wheel is threadedly connected to the long screw at the upper end of the side frame rod. A support spring is fitted in the middle of the long screw. The upper end of the support spring abuts against the bottom surface of the side frame rod, and the lower end abuts against the upper surface of the U-shaped fork.

3. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing roller has several annular grooves evenly spaced along its axial direction on its side. A transition arc is provided between the annular grooves and the main body of the sealing roller. A support crossbar is fixedly connected between the ends of the two movable beams. A scraper is fixedly connected to the support crossbar by screws. Several arc-shaped plates corresponding to the annular grooves are evenly provided on the inner side of the scraper. The support crossbar is a square bar, which is inclined towards the sealing roller.

4. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod A includes a multi-faceted shaft and a multi-faceted sleeve. The outer end of the multi-faceted shaft is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle steering gear A, and the outer end of the multi-faceted sleeve is connected to the input shaft of the continuously variable reducer. The inner ends of the multi-faceted shaft and the multi-faceted sleeve are slidably connected. The structure and connection method of the connecting rod B are the same as those of the connecting rod A.

5. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer end of the multi-faceted shaft is connected to a universal joint, which is connected to the output shaft via a connector. The outer end of the multi-faceted sleeve is also connected to a universal joint, which is connected to the input shaft via a connector. The connector is an internal hexagonal sleeve. Both the input shaft and the output shaft are hexagonal shafts. The hexagonal sleeve is locked to the input shaft or the output shaft by a pin.

6. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling device includes a leveling roller and support arms. A hinge shaft A is provided at the upper rear corner of each end plate of the rotary tiller. The upper end of the support arm is connected to the hinge shaft, and a bearing with a seat is provided on the lower side of the support arm. The leveling roller is horizontally positioned between the lower ends of the two support arms, and the roller shaft of the leveling roller is connected to the bearing with a seat. The length of the leveling roller is the same as the length of the rotary tiller. A hinge lug is provided in the middle of the inner side of the support arm, and a hinge shaft B is provided on the outer side of the end plate. A telescopic support assembly is provided between the hinge lug and the hinge shaft B.

7. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic support assembly includes a telescopic tube A with an internal threaded hole A, a telescopic tube B with an internal threaded hole B, and a bidirectional lead screw. The outer end of the telescopic tube A is provided with a slot, which is engaged with and hinged to the hinge lug seat. The outer end of the telescopic tube B is hinged to the hinge shaft B. One end of the bidirectional lead screw is connected to the threaded hole A, and the other end is connected to the threaded hole B. The threads of the two threaded sections are in opposite directions.

8. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cross brace is provided between the inner sides of the two support arms. A connecting plate is provided on the end face of the cross brace. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support arm. Several long grooves are evenly distributed on the side of the flat soil roller. The direction of the long grooves is consistent with the length direction of the flat soil roller.

9. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tillage bin includes two square tube beams, A and B, arranged side by side. A support end plate is welded and fixed between the end faces of square tube beams A and B. A speed reducer mounting plate is provided between the middle of square tube beams A and B. An arc-shaped cover plate is hinged to square tube beam A between the speed reducer mounting plate and the end plate. The arc-shaped cover plates at both ends and the speed reducer mounting plate in the middle close the upper end of the rotary tillage bin. A locking mechanism is provided between the arc-shaped cover plate and square tube beam B.

10. The integrated sesame rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a handwheel, a sliding rod, and a push spring. The side edge of the arc-shaped cover plate is provided with a guide hole. The sliding rod is fixedly connected to the center of the handwheel. A horizontal stop is provided vertically at the lower end of the sliding rod. A V-shaped plate is provided on the inner side of the square tube beam B. The V-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the square tube beam B through a vertical plate. A transverse elongated hole is provided in the middle of the V-shaped plate. The horizontal stop extends into the V-shaped plate through the transverse elongated hole. The push spring is fitted on the sliding rod between the handwheel and the surface of the arc-shaped cover plate. The length of the transverse elongated hole is greater than the length of the horizontal stop, and the width of the transverse elongated hole is less than the length of the horizontal stop.

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