Air-suction type precision seed sowing device for seeding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of air-suction type precision seeders for seeding machine, and seeding mechanical technical field.It includes rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism, seed tank and surplus seed containing buffer structure;Rotary adsorption type seeding mechanism includes seed suction disc and cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell;Seed suction disc is rotationally connected with cavity type seed suction disc assembly shell, and seed suction hole is arranged in ring shape on seed suction disc with seed suction disc rotation axis as center, and surplus seed containing buffer structure includes surplus seed buffer cavity and seed outlet section adjusting structure;Surplus seed buffer cavity is arranged above the seed outlet at the beginning of seed conveying path, to accommodate and buffer the seed carried by seed suction disc from the seed outlet at the beginning of seed conveying path;Seed outlet section adjusting structure is arranged at the position of seed tank seed outlet, to adjust seed tank seed outlet section according to the size of seed, so as to adjust the seed amount of seed outlet at the beginning of seed conveying path.It has the characteristics of small leakage rate, high seeding accuracy, etc.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of application number 202211673609.6, filed on December 26, 2022, entitled "A Precision Seeder with Air Suction". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of seeding machinery technology. Background Technology

[0003] Currently used air-suction seeders mostly employ a seed suction disc that rotates downwards from the seed box outlet. A brush is placed between the seed box outlet and the suction disc to block seeds from entering the seed box, allowing seeds sucked up by the suction holes to pass through and be transported to the sowing port. However, due to uneven seed size and suction strength, seeds sometimes fall after passing through the brush, resulting in waste, and sometimes seeds sucked up by the suction holes are blocked by the brush, causing missed sowing. Some seeders use a suction disc that rotates upwards from the seed box outlet to avoid the problem of excess seeds falling and being wasted.

[0004] However, when the seed suction plate rotates upwards, the friction between it and the seeds inevitably carries the seeds up from the seed box outlet, affecting the normal operation of the seeder. To solve this problem, a common technique is currently used: a flexible material (usually a brush) is placed between the seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path and the seed suction plate to block excess seeds carried by the rotating seed suction plate from entering the seed box outlet, allowing only the seeds adsorbed by the suction holes to pass through. However, after testing, the effect is not ideal. Seeds are still carried by the seed suction plate past the brush and fall, resulting in waste, and seeds adsorbed by the suction holes are scraped off by the brush, causing missed sowing. The reasons for this are that different seed types, different seed suction plate rotation speeds, and different angles at which seeds are randomly adsorbed by the suction holes all affect the contact strength between the flexible material and the seed suction plate, as well as the choice of the flexibility of the flexible material.

[0005] Different seed types have different seed sizes; smaller seeds are easier to pass through the brush. When the suction plate rotates at a higher speed, the seeds carried have greater upward kinetic energy and are easier to pass through the brush. The angle at which the seed is attracted by the suction hole varies, resulting in different gaps between the suction hole and the seed; larger gaps lead to greater air leakage and less suction force. Due to these different factors, the requirements for the contact force between the flexible material (brush) and the suction plate, as well as the flexibility of the flexible material, are not the same. Therefore, controlling the contact force and flexibility of the flexible material is difficult, making the above-mentioned solution less than ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder, which has the characteristics of low missed seeding rate and high seeding accuracy.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder includes a rotary suction seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box, and a seed holding and buffering structure.

[0009] The rotary adsorption seeding mechanism includes a seed suction disc and a cavity-type seed suction disc assembly housing;

[0010] The seed suction plate is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing. The seed suction plate has seed suction holes arranged in a ring around the rotation axis of the seed suction plate. The size of the seed suction holes is large enough to allow a seed to be adsorbed onto them. The rotation trajectory of the circular seed suction holes from one side of the seed suction plate upward, through its apex, and downward to the other side of the seed suction plate is the adsorption seed transport path. The cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing has a groove corresponding to the position of the adsorption seed transport path. The seed suction plate is tightly fitted to the edge of the groove to seal the groove into a seed suction cavity. The seed suction cavity has a suction port for connecting to a negative pressure generating device to generate negative pressure in the seed suction cavity, thereby causing the seed suction holes located in the adsorption seed transport path to adsorb the seed. One end of the adsorption seed transport path is the beginning of the seed transport path, and the other end is the end of the seed transport path.

[0011] The seeder transmission structure is used to drive the drive device to drive the seed suction disc to rotate. Its rotation direction causes the seed suction hole to move upward from the beginning of the seed delivery path, through its apex, and turn to the end of the seed delivery path within the suction-type seed delivery path.

[0012] The seed box outlet edge is fitted with the outer periphery of the seed conveying path start point to allow the seed conveying path start point to receive the seeds in the seed box. The fit gap should not allow the seeds to fall out. The seed box outlet is provided at the upper edge of the seed box outlet so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole and the seeds inevitably carried upward by the seed suction plate during rotation are conveyed out of the seed box outlet along the suction-type seed conveying path.

[0013] The additional buffer structure includes multiple buffer chambers and a seed outlet cross-section adjustment structure;

[0014] The seed buffer chamber is located above the seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path to accommodate and buffer the seeds carried up by the seed suction plate from the seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path. The seed outlet section adjustment structure is located at the seed outlet of the seed box to adjust the cross section of the seed box seed outlet according to the size of the seeds, thereby adjusting the seed output at the seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path to prevent the seed suction plate from carrying too many seeds upwards and causing blockage of the seed buffer chamber.

[0015] After the seed suction hole is removed from the end of the adsorption-type seed delivery path, it loses its adsorption force on the seeds due to the negative pressure generated by the seed suction chamber, causing the seeds it adsorbed to fall off, thus completing the precision seed sowing operation.

[0016] The invention is further improved in that:

[0017] The air-suction precision seeder also includes a seed suction plate protective housing. The seed suction plate protective housing and the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing are installed side by side to house the seed suction plate. The seed suction plate protective housing has a seeding port and a seed delivery cavity. The seeding port is located below the seed suction plate protective housing. The position of the seed delivery cavity is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole so that the seed suction hole runs within the seed delivery cavity. The lower side wall of the seed delivery cavity smoothly transitions to the upper edge of the seeding port to guide seeds that fall onto the lower side wall of the seed delivery cavity out of the seeding port. A portion of the seed suction plate protective housing is made of transparent material, thus forming a seed delivery path viewing window for observing the seed suction hole's seed adsorption status.

[0018] The seed outlet section adjustment structure includes a flexible material baffle and a flexible material baffle support structure. The upper edge of the flexible material baffle is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the seed box outlet so that it hangs on the seed box outlet. The flexible material baffle support structure includes a baffle support body and a longitudinal sliding guide rail for the baffle support body. The baffle support body is slidably connected to the seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box outlet through the longitudinal sliding guide rail. The baffle support body is located on the side of the flexible material baffle closer to the seed suction plate so as to support the flexible material baffle when the seeds rush towards the seed box outlet, thereby preventing the supported flexible material baffle from being lifted up by the seeds and flowing out of the seed box outlet. As the downward sliding displacement of the baffle support body increases or decreases, the area of ​​its support for the flexible material baffle increases or decreases accordingly, thereby adjusting the cross-section of the seed box outlet to regulate the amount of seeds carried out from the seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path when the seed suction plate rotates.

[0019] There is at least one group of seed suction holes, and the seed suction holes in each group are arranged at equal intervals on a circle centered on the rotation axis of the seed suction disc.

[0020] The air-suction precision seeder is equipped with a seed suction volume adjustment device, which is located on one or both sides of the rotation path of the seed suction hole and above the seed buffer chamber. It includes a seed suction volume adjustment handle, a seed buffer block, a block mounting structure, and a seed buffer guide plate. The block mounting structure includes a block rotating shaft and an eccentric shaft. One end of the seed buffer block is rotatably connected to the seed suction disc protective shell via the block rotating shaft, forming the seed buffer block rotating connection end. The inner end of the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the seed buffer block, forming the seed buffer block free end. The middle part of the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the seed suction disc protective shell, and the seed suction volume is adjusted accordingly. The adjustment handle is fixed to the outer end of the eccentric shaft. When the seed suction adjustment handle is rotated, the eccentric shaft rotates eccentrically under the support of the seed suction plate protective shell. This causes the free end of the excess seed pusher to deviate slightly around the axis of the excess seed pusher rotation connection end. This causes the excess seed pusher to move closer to or further away from the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole from one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole. The excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole that is deviated to this side are scraped off. The excess seed guide plate is set on the seed suction plate protective shell to guide the excess seeds scraped off by the excess seed pusher into the excess seed buffer chamber, so that the seed suction hole only adsorbs one seed to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

[0021] The seed suction plate is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing via the seed suction plate rotating shaft; the seeder transmission structure includes a driven sprocket fixed on the seed suction plate rotating shaft, a driving sprocket rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing, and a seed suction plate transmission chain. The driven sprocket and the driving sprocket are rotatably connected via the seed suction plate transmission chain. The inner hole of the driving sprocket is fixedly connected to the bushing. The inner hole of the bushing is a transmission hole with a polygonal cross-section.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows:

[0023] This invention utilizes a buffer structure to prevent seeds carried upwards from the seed box outlet during seed suction plate rotation from affecting the sowing operation, while simultaneously ensuring the seeds adsorbed by the suction holes are transported along the suction-type seed delivery path. It effectively solves the technical problem of controlling the contact force between the flexible material and the suction plate, as well as the flexibility of the flexible material itself.

[0024] It features a low rate of missed sowing and high sowing precision. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pneumatic precision seeder;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0028] Figure 4This is an isometric view of a pneumatic precision seeder;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of a pneumatic precision seeder;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of a pneumatic precision seeder;

[0031] Figure 7 Here are structural diagrams of various types of buffer structures;

[0032] Figure 8 These are isometric views of various types of buffer structures;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary adsorption seeding mechanism and seed suction adjustment device.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cavity-type seed suction disc assembly shell;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the cavity-type seed suction disc assembly shell and the seeder transmission structure;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seed suction tray protective shell.

[0037] In the attached diagram: 1. Seeder frame; 2. Furrow opener; 3. Seed suction disc; 3-1. Seed suction hole; 4. Cavity-type seed suction disc assembly housing; 4-1. Groove; 4-1-1. Groove bottom wall; 4-2. Seed suction chamber air inlet; 5. Seed box; 6. Seed box outlet; 7. Seed outlet at the beginning of the seed transport path; 8. Residual seed buffer chamber; 9. Seed suction disc protective housing; 9-1. Seeding port; 9-2. Seed transport chamber; 9-2-1. Lower side wall of the seed transport chamber; 9-3. Seed transport path viewing window; 10. Flexible material baffle; 11. Baffle support; 12. Seed suction volume adjustment handle; 13. Residual seed lever; 14. Residual seed guide plate; 15. Lever rotating shaft; 16. Eccentric shaft; 17. Driven sprocket; 18. 19. Drive sprocket; 20. Seed suction disc drive chain; 21. Drive hole; 22. Bushing; 23. Seeder linkage shaft; 24. Diesel engine or gasoline engine; 25. Main clutch; 26. Gearbox; 27. Drive wheel drive shaft; 28. Drive wheel drive chain; 29. ​​Drive wheel; 30. Seeder gearbox; 31. Coupling; 32. Seeder drive shaft; 33. High-pressure vortex blower; 34. Longitudinal sliding guide rail for baffle support; 35. Sealing gasket; 36. Sealing gasket pressure plate; 37. Seeder gearbox shift lever; 38. Drive wheel gear shift lever; 39. Seed suction disc shaft; 40. Follower rear wheel; 51. Handrail. Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] For ease of explanation, the air-suction precision seeder will be used as an example for detailed description.

[0040] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, welding, and bonding that are mature in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Depend on Figures 1-12 As shown in the embodiment, this embodiment includes a seeder frame 1, on which a pneumatic precision seeder and a furrow opener 2 are provided. The pneumatic precision seeder includes a negative pressure generating device, a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the figure), and one or more pneumatic precision seeders.

[0042] The air-suction precision seeder includes a rotary suction seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box 5, and a seed holding and buffering structure.

[0043] The rotary adsorption seeding mechanism includes a seed suction plate 3 and a cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing 4;

[0044] The seed suction plate 3 is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly shell 4. The seed suction plate 3 has seed suction holes 3-1 arranged in a ring around the rotation axis of the seed suction plate. The size of each seed suction hole 3-1 is sufficient to hold a seed. The seed suction plate can be replaced according to the type of seed being sown, so that the seed suction holes can adapt to different seed sizes and the spacing between the seed suction holes can adapt to the corresponding plant spacing. The seed suction holes 3-1 rotate with the seed suction plate 3, forming a circular rotation trajectory. The arc-shaped rotation trajectory of the seed suction holes from one side of the seed suction plate 3 upwards, through its apex, and downwards to the other side of the seed suction plate 3 is the seed suction hole trajectory. The attached seed delivery path has a groove 4-1 on the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing 4 that corresponds to the position of the adsorption seed delivery path. The edge of the seed suction plate 3 and the groove 4-1 are tightly attached together by a sealing gasket to seal the groove 4-1 into a seed suction cavity. The seed suction cavity is provided with a seed suction cavity air inlet 4-2 for connecting to a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the figure) so that the seed suction cavity generates negative pressure, thereby causing the seed suction hole 3-1 located in the adsorption seed delivery path to generate an adsorption force on the seeds. One end of the adsorption seed delivery path is the beginning of the seed delivery path, and the other end is the end of the seed delivery path.

[0045] The seeder transmission structure is used to drive the seed suction plate 3 to rotate. The rotation direction causes the seed suction hole to move upward from the beginning of the seed conveying path through its apex to the end of the seed conveying path, thereby conveying the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 3-1 from the beginning of the seed conveying path to the end of the seed conveying path.

[0046] The seed box outlet 6 of the seed box 5 is fitted with the seed suction plate 3 located on the outer periphery of the seed conveying path, so that the seed conveying path can receive the seeds in the seed box 5. The fit gap should not allow the seeds to fall out. The seed box outlet 6 is provided with a seed conveying path start outlet 7 on the upper edge, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 3-1 and the seeds inevitably carried upward by the seed suction plate 3 during the rotation are conveyed out of the seed box outlet 6 along the adsorption seed conveying path.

[0047] The remaining buffer structure includes a buffer chamber 8 for the remaining seeds and an outlet cross-section adjustment structure;

[0048] The buffer chamber 8 is located above the seed outlet 7 at the beginning of the seed transport path. It is used to buffer the seeds carried by the seed suction plate 3 from the seed outlet 7 at the beginning of the seed transport path while the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 3-1 are transported through the suction-type seed transport path, so as to prevent them from falling. The seed outlet cross-section adjustment structure is located at the seed outlet 6 of the seed box. It is used to adjust the cross-section of the seed outlet 6 of the seed box according to the size of the seeds, thereby adjusting the seed output of the seed outlet 7 at the beginning of the seed transport path, so as to prevent too many seeds carried upward when the seed suction plate 3 rotates, causing excess seeds to overflow from the buffer chamber 8. The smaller the seeds, the smaller the cross-section of the seed outlet 6 of the seed box needs to be adjusted.

[0049] Inside the seed buffer chamber 8, when the seed suction plate 3 rotates, the friction between the seed suction plate 3 and the seed causes the seed to generate an upward force. When this force balances with the downward gravity of the seed, the seed forms a dynamic balance within the seed buffer chamber 8. This allows the seed buffer chamber 8 to contain and buffer the seeds carried by the seed suction plate 3 from the seed outlet 7 at the beginning of the seed delivery path, preventing excess seeds carried by the seed suction plate 3 from continuing to move upwards and affecting normal sowing. At the same time, it does not affect the delivery of the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 3-1 in the adsorption-type seed delivery path.

[0050] After the seed suction hole 3-1 moves out of the end of the adsorption-type seed delivery path, it loses its adsorption force on the seeds due to the negative pressure generated by the seed suction chamber, causing the seeds it adsorbed to fall off. The rotation speed of the seed suction plate 3 and the spacing of the seed suction holes 3-1 determine the sowing density to complete the precision sowing operation.

[0051] The air-suction precision seeder also includes a seed suction plate protective housing 9. The seed suction plate protective housing 9 and the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing 4 are installed side by side to house the seed suction plate 3. The seed suction plate protective housing 9 has a seeding port 9-1 and a seed conveying cavity 9-2. The seeding port 9-1 is located below the seed suction plate protective housing 9. The position of the seed conveying cavity 9-2 is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole so that the seed suction hole 3-1 runs in the seed conveying cavity 9-2. The lower side wall 9-2-1 of the seed conveying cavity 9-2 smoothly transitions to the upper edge of the seeding port 9-1 to guide the seeds that fall onto the lower side wall 9-2-1 of the seed conveying cavity out of the seeding port 9-1. A part of the seed suction plate protective housing 9 is made of transparent material, thus forming a seed conveying path viewing window 9-3 for observing the seed suction hole 3-1's seed adsorption.

[0052] The seed outlet section adjustment structure includes a flexible material baffle 10 and a flexible material baffle support structure. The upper edge of the flexible material baffle 10 is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the seed box outlet 6 so that it hangs on the seed box outlet 6. The flexible material baffle support structure includes a baffle support body 11 and a longitudinal sliding guide rail 33 for the baffle support body. The baffle support body 11 is slidably connected to the seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box outlet 6 through the longitudinal sliding guide rail 33. The baffle support body 11 is located on the flexible material baffle. The side of the seed suction plate 10 near the seed suction plate 3 provides support for the flexible material baffle 10 when the seeds flow towards the seed outlet 6 of the seed box, thereby preventing the supported flexible material baffle 10 from being lifted up by the seeds and flowing out of the seed outlet 6 of the seed box. As the downward sliding displacement of the baffle support body 11 increases or decreases, the area of ​​its support for the flexible material baffle 10 increases or decreases accordingly, thereby adjusting the cross-section of the seed outlet 6 of the seed box to adjust the amount of seeds carried out from the seed outlet 7 at the beginning of the seed conveying path when the seed suction plate 3 rotates.

[0053] The seed suction holes 3-1 are at least one group, and the seed suction holes 3-1 in each group are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference centered on the rotation axis of the seed suction plate 3.

[0054] When the seed suction hole 3-1 absorbs more than one seed, it will occupy a large space on the seed suction hole 3-1, thus leaving a wide rotational trajectory when rotating with the seed suction hole 3-1. To ensure the accuracy of sowing and to ensure that the seed suction hole 3-1 absorbs only one seed, the air suction precision seeder is equipped with a seed suction amount adjustment device. The seed suction amount adjustment device is located on one or both sides of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and is located above the seed buffer chamber 8. It includes a seed suction amount adjustment handle 12, a seed buffer block 13, a buffer block mounting structure, and a seed buffer guide plate 14. The buffer block mounting structure includes a buffer block rotating shaft 15 and an eccentric shaft 16. One end of the seed buffer block 13 is rotatably connected to the seed suction plate protective shell 9 through the buffer block rotating shaft 15, thus forming a seed buffer block rotating connection end. The inner end of the eccentric shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the seed buffer block 13, thus forming a seed buffer block self-adjusting connection end. The eccentric shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the seed suction plate protective housing 9 at its middle part. The seed suction amount adjustment handle 12 is fixed to the outer end of the eccentric shaft 16. When the seed suction amount adjustment handle 12 is rotated, the eccentric shaft 16 rotates eccentrically under the support of the seed suction plate protective housing 9, thereby causing the free end of the excess seed pusher block to deviate slightly around the axis of the rotation connection end of the excess seed pusher block. This causes the excess seed pusher block 13 to move closer to or away from the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole from one side, so as to perform millimeter-level positioning of the excess seed pusher block 13 on one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole. The excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 3-1 that is biased to this side are scraped off. The excess seed guide plate 14 is set on the seed suction plate protective housing 9 to guide the excess seeds scraped off by the excess seed pusher block 13 into the excess seed buffer chamber 8, so that the seed suction hole 3-1 only adsorbs one seed to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

[0055] The seed suction plate 3 is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing 4 via the seed suction plate rotating shaft 38; the seeder transmission structure includes a driven sprocket 17 fixed on the seed suction plate rotating shaft 38, a driving sprocket 18 rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing 4, and a seed suction plate transmission chain 19. The driven sprocket 17 and the driving sprocket 18 are rotatably connected via the seed suction plate transmission chain 19. The inner hole of the driving sprocket 18 is fixedly connected to the bushing 21. The inner hole of the bushing 21 is a transmission hole 20, and its cross-section is polygonal.

[0056] The seeder linkage shaft 22 is slidably connected to the transmission hole 20 of each air suction precision seeder. The cross section of the seeder linkage shaft 22 is a polygon that matches the cross section of the transmission hole 20, so as to fix them together circumferentially.

[0057] A drive unit, a wheel drive chain, and a seeding device transmission structure are provided on the seeder frame 1;

[0058] The drive unit includes a diesel engine or gasoline engine 23, a main clutch 24, and a transmission 25. The transmission 25 converts the high-speed output of the power output shaft of the diesel engine or gasoline engine 23 into low-speed, high-torque power output of different gears through the drive shaft 26 of the drive wheel of the transmission 25. The main clutch 24 connects or disconnects the power transmission between the diesel engine or gasoline engine 23 and the transmission 25. The drive shaft 26 of the transmission 25 drives the drive wheel 28 to rotate through the drive wheel transmission chain 27.

[0059] The transmission structure of the sowing device includes a secondary clutch, a sower gearbox (plant spacing adjuster) 29, and a coupling 30. The sower drive shaft 31 of the gearbox 25 is converted to different speeds by the sower gearbox 29 (to adjust the plant spacing), and then connected to the sower linkage shaft 22 through the coupling 30, thereby driving the seed suction disc 3 of each air suction precision sower to rotate. The sower drive shaft 31 is connected to the power output shaft of the main clutch 24 through the secondary clutch located in the housing of the gearbox 25. The sower drive shaft 31 is controlled by both the main clutch 24 and the secondary clutch.

[0060] The negative pressure generating device is a high-pressure vortex blower 32. The high-pressure vortex blower 32 is connected to the power output shaft of the diesel engine or gasoline engine 23 via belt drive. The air intake of the high-pressure vortex blower 32 is connected to the air intake port 4-2 of the seed suction chamber of each air suction precision seeder via a negative pressure pipe (not shown in the figure).

Claims

1. A pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder, characterized in that: It includes a rotary adsorption seeding mechanism, a seeder transmission structure, a seed box (5), and a seed-containing buffer structure; The rotary adsorption seeding mechanism includes a seed suction plate (3) and a cavity-type seed suction plate assembly shell (4). The seed suction plate (3) is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing (4). The seed suction plate (3) has seed suction holes (3-1) arranged in a ring around the rotation axis of the seed suction plate. The size of the seed suction holes (3-1) is such that a seed can be adsorbed onto them. The rotation trajectory of the circular seed suction holes from one side of the seed suction plate (3) upwards through its apex and downwards to the other side of the seed suction plate (3) constitutes the adsorption-type seed transport path. The cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing (4) is provided with a structure that connects to the adsorption plate... The seed suction plate (3) is in close contact with the edge of the groove (4-1) corresponding to the seed delivery path position, so as to close the groove (4-1) into a seed suction cavity. The seed suction cavity is provided with a seed suction cavity air inlet (4-2) for communicating with a negative pressure generating device, so as to generate negative pressure in the seed suction cavity, thereby causing the seed suction hole (3-1) located in the adsorption seed delivery path to generate an adsorption force on the seed; one end of the adsorption seed delivery path is the beginning of the seed delivery path, and the other end is the end of the seed delivery path. The seeder transmission structure is used to drive the seed suction plate (3) to rotate, and the rotation direction is such that the seed suction hole moves upward from the beginning of the seed delivery path through its vertex to the end of the seed delivery path within the adsorption seed delivery path. The seed box outlet (6) of the seed box (5) is fitted with a gap between the outer periphery of the seed transport path and the beginning of the seed transport path so that the beginning of the seed transport path receives the seeds in the seed box (5) and the gap between the fits prevents the seeds from falling out. The seed box outlet (6) is provided with a seed transport path beginning outlet (7) on the upper edge so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole (3-1) and the seeds inevitably carried upward by the seed suction plate (3) during the rotation are transported out of the seed box outlet (6) along the adsorption seed transport path. The remaining buffer structure includes a remaining buffer cavity (8) and a seed outlet cross-section adjustment structure; The seed buffer chamber (8) is located above the seed outlet (7) at the beginning of the seed transport path to accommodate and buffer the seeds carried by the seed suction plate (3) from the seed outlet (7) at the beginning of the seed transport path. The seed outlet section adjustment structure is located at the seed box outlet (6) to adjust the section of the seed box outlet (6) according to the size of the seeds, thereby adjusting the seed output of the seed outlet (7) at the beginning of the seed transport path to prevent the seed suction plate (3) from carrying too many seeds upwards and causing blockage of the seed buffer chamber (8). After the seed suction hole (3-1) moves out of the end of the adsorption-type seed delivery path, it loses its adsorption force on the seeds due to the negative pressure generated by the seed suction chamber, thereby causing the seeds it adsorbed to fall off, thus completing the precision seed sowing operation. The seed outlet section adjustment structure includes a flexible material baffle (10) and a flexible material baffle support structure; the upper edge of the flexible material baffle (10) is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the seed box outlet (6) so that it hangs on the seed box outlet (6); the flexible material baffle support structure includes a baffle support body (11) and a baffle support body longitudinal sliding guide rail (33); the baffle support body (11) is slidably connected to the seed box wall above the upper edge of the seed box outlet (6) through the baffle support body longitudinal sliding guide rail (33); the baffle support body (11) is located on the flexible material baffle (10) 10) The side near the seed suction plate (3) provides support for the flexible material baffle (10) when the seeds rush toward the seed box outlet (6), thereby preventing the supported flexible material baffle (10) from being lifted up by the seeds and flowing out of the seed box outlet (6); as the downward sliding displacement of the baffle support (11) increases or decreases, the area of ​​its support for the flexible material baffle (10) increases or decreases accordingly, thereby adjusting the cross-section of the seed box outlet (6) to adjust the amount of seeds carried out by the seed delivery path beginning outlet (7) when the seed suction plate (3) rotates.

2. The air-suction precision seeder for a seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-suction precision seeder also includes a seed suction plate protective housing (9), which is installed side-by-side with the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing (4) to house the seed suction plate (3). The seed suction plate protective housing (9) has a seeding port (9-1) and a seed conveying cavity (9-2). The seeding port (9-1) is located below the seed suction plate protective housing (9), and the position of the seed conveying cavity (9-2) corresponds to the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction plate can be properly positioned. The seed hole (3-1) operates within the seed delivery cavity (9-2); the lower side wall (9-2-1) of the seed delivery cavity (9-2) smoothly transitions to the upper edge of the sowing port (9-1) so that seeds falling onto the lower side wall (9-2-1) of the seed delivery cavity can be discharged from the sowing port (9-1). A portion of the seed suction plate protective shell (9) is made of transparent material, thereby forming a seed delivery path viewing window (9-3) for observing the seed suction hole (3-1) adsorbing seeds.

3. A pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed suction holes (3-1) are at least one group, and the seed suction holes (3-1) in each group are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference centered on the rotation axis of the seed suction plate (3).

4. A pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air-suction precision seeder is equipped with a seed suction volume adjustment device, which is located on one or both sides of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and above the seed buffer chamber (8); it includes a seed suction volume adjustment handle (12), a seed buffer block (13), a buffer block mounting structure, and a seed buffer guide plate (14). The buffer block mounting structure includes a buffer block rotating shaft (15) and an eccentric shaft (16). One end of the seed buffer block (13) is rotatably connected to the seed suction disc protective shell (9) through the buffer block rotating shaft (15), thereby forming a seed buffer block rotating connection end. The inner end of the eccentric shaft (16) is rotatably connected to the seed buffer block (13), thereby forming a seed buffer block free end. The middle part of the eccentric shaft (16) is rotatably connected to the seed suction disc protective shell (9), and the seed suction volume adjustment device is located on one or both sides of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and above the seed buffer chamber (8); it includes a seed suction volume adjustment handle (12), a seed buffer block (13), a buffer block mounting structure, and a seed buffer guide plate (14). The quantity adjustment handle (12) is fixed to the outer end of the eccentric shaft (16). When the seed suction quantity adjustment handle (12) is rotated, the eccentric shaft (16) rotates eccentrically under the support of the seed suction plate protective housing (9), thereby causing the free end of the excess seed pusher to deviate slightly with the rotation connection end of the excess seed pusher as the axis, so that the excess seed pusher (13) moves closer to or away from the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole from one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and scrapes off the excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole (3-1) that is biased to this side. The excess seed guide plate (14) is set on the seed suction plate protective housing (9) to guide the excess seeds scraped off by the excess seed pusher (13) into the excess seed buffer chamber (8), so that the seed suction hole (3-1) only adsorbs one seed to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

5. A pneumatic precision seeder for a seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed suction plate (3) is rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing (4) via the seed suction plate rotating shaft (38); the seeder transmission structure includes a driven sprocket (17) fixed on the seed suction plate rotating shaft (38), a driving sprocket (18) rotatably connected to the cavity-type seed suction plate assembly housing (4), and a seed suction plate transmission chain (19). The driven sprocket (17) and the driving sprocket (18) are rotatably connected via the seed suction plate transmission chain (19). The inner hole of the driving sprocket (18) is fixedly connected to the bushing (21). The inner hole of the bushing (21) is a transmission hole (20) with a polygonal cross-section.

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