Method for restoring degraded wetland community in arid region built based on fertilizer island

Abstract

The invention discloses an arid region degraded wetland community restoration method built based on a fertilizer island, belongs to the technical field of vegetation restoration, and aims to promote restoration of arid region degraded wetland vegetation and improve community productivity and stability, the method comprises the following steps: introducing indigenous drought-tolerant and saline-alkaline-tolerant shrubs or small arbors, supplementing water to promote growth of the shrubs or small arbors, and building a fertilizer island habitat; when the crown breadth grows to a proper specification, planting stress-tolerant wetland herbaceous plants, and constructing herbaceous plaques by utilizing species collocation and density regulation and control; in the herbaceous vegetation recovery process, field planting is promoted through water and fertilizer management, and the stability of degraded wetland communities is improved through shrub and grass matching. The productivity and stability of the plant community are recovered by building the fertilizer island habitat, and the method has the advantages of being reliable, stable in effect and capable of saving water and fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vegetation restoration technology, and in particular relates to a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial transitional zone connecting land and water ecosystems, arid wetland ecosystems play key ecological functions such as regulating regional hydrology, maintaining biodiversity, and sequestering carbon and releasing oxygen. However, constrained by extreme aridity, these regions typically receive less than 100 mm of annual precipitation while experiencing high evaporation rates, leading to chronic soil water deficit. Simultaneously, high groundwater levels, poor drainage, and intense evaporation cause salt accumulation in the topsoil, resulting in severe secondary salinization. Under this dual stress, natural vegetation often exhibits degradation characteristics such as low cover, monoculture, and low productivity, demonstrating extremely limited self-repair capabilities of the ecosystem.

[0003] Currently, vegetation restoration in degraded wetlands in arid regions mainly relies on two technical approaches: first, screening and introducing drought- and salt-tolerant native plants to improve the species' adaptability to adversity; second, employing various technical methods to reduce water loss and maintain vegetation survival conditions, such as deploying drip irrigation systems, covering with water-retaining materials, and setting up windbreaks to reduce ineffective evapotranspiration and extend the effective water supply cycle. Although these methods have achieved some success in local pilot projects, they still have significant limitations. First, single-planting patterns of herbs or shrubs are insufficient to create a stable community structure with complementary functions, and vegetation is prone to re-degradation due to environmental fluctuations after restoration. Second, existing technologies often focus on single-point breakthroughs such as "water conservation" or "seed selection," lacking a systematic design of the synergistic interaction mechanism between plants, soil, and the microenvironment, and failing to fully utilize the "fertility island effect" created by dominant plants. Third, to ensure survival rates, existing restoration schemes often rely on long-term artificial watering, which not only consumes a large amount of water and incurs high operation and maintenance costs, but is also unsustainable in arid areas with extremely scarce water resources, violating the ecological restoration principles of "near-natural, low-intervention, and sustainable." In addition, the configuration of herbs and shrubs in existing technologies is mostly based on experience, lacking scientific guidance based on canopy development dynamics and patch-scale optimization, resulting in low herb planting success rates, loose community spatial structure, and limited improvement in ecological functions.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on the active creation of fertile island habitats, combined with the synergistic function of shrubs and grasses and precise water and fertilizer management. This method should be able to effectively couple plant niche complementarity, soil microenvironment improvement and efficient water resource utilization, so as to achieve multiple goals such as rapid vegetation establishment, stable community maintenance and overall improvement of ecosystem function. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid regions based on fertile island construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0008] First, introduce native drought- and salt-tolerant shrubs or small trees, and supplement them with initial watering to promote their growth, forming a fertile island habitat that can effectively improve soil moisture, nutrients and microenvironment.

[0009] Secondly, after the shrub crown reaches 1m, plant stress-tolerant wetland herbaceous plants within an area n times the crown width as the side length to construct herbaceous patches; where 3≥n≥1;

[0010] Finally, short-term water and fertilizer management is implemented in the early stage of herb planting to ensure survival rate. Ultimately, through the scientific combination of shrubs and herbs, the coverage, productivity and community stability of degraded wetland vegetation are synergistically improved, and the ecological functions are efficiently restored.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: Considering the unique environmental conditions of the wetland ecosystem in this region, this invention uses *Tamarix chinensis* as a typical drought-resistant shrub. Its extended canopy can significantly reduce solar radiation intensity through physical shading, effectively reducing surface water evaporation and thus mitigating the inhibitory effects of strong sunlight and drought on plant physiological activities. Simultaneously, canopy shading indirectly slows the rate of surface soil salt accumulation by reducing surface temperature fluctuations and ultraviolet radiation intensity, playing a positive role in inhibiting salinization. The advantage of soil moisture and nutrient content under the canopy of shrubs or trees compared to bare land is known as the "fertility island effect," which provides favorable habitat conditions for creating suitable wetland vegetation restoration zones in arid regions.

[0012] Building upon this foundation, this invention further refines the precise construction of herbaceous patches within the Fei Island area, significantly enhancing the survival rate and growth vigor of herbaceous plants by fully utilizing the improved microenvironment created by shrubs. Furthermore, experiments demonstrate that compared to planting herbaceous plants alone in bare ground, the "shrub + grass" composite community constructed using this method can increase herbaceous coverage to over 85%, with aboveground biomass reaching 424-458 g / m². 2 Furthermore, the community structure is more stable. In addition, by limiting the planting area of ​​herbaceous plants to twice the canopy width of shrubs, it ensures that the herbaceous plants fully benefit from the core improvement area of ​​Feidao Island while avoiding excessive expansion that could lead to water competition, thus maximizing resource utilization efficiency. The entire restoration process requires only short-term drip irrigation assistance, significantly saving water resources and aligning with the "low-consumption, high-efficiency" ecological restoration principle in arid regions.

[0013] In summary, this invention achieves multiple objectives—rapid establishment of vegetation in degraded wetlands, synergistic improvement of soil function, and long-term stability of the ecosystem—by simulating the positive interaction mechanism in natural vegetation succession. It has significant ecological benefits and application value.

[0014] Optionally, the shrub or small tree is tamarisk or white thorn, and is introduced by cuttings.

[0015] Optionally, the shrub or small tree is tamarisk.

[0016] Furthermore, the planting row spacing / plant spacing during the cutting process is 3-5 m.

[0017] Furthermore, the cuttings should be 0.8-1.2 m tall during the propagation process.

[0018] Optionally, n equals 2.

[0019] Optionally, the watering is done by drip irrigation, watering the shrubs once in the morning and once in the evening after planting, until they are established and have survived.

[0020] Optionally, the herbaceous plant is at least one of reed, cogon grass, or ice plant.

[0021] Optionally, the water and fertilizer management conditions are as follows: after planting, water is replenished 1-2 times a day by drip irrigation for one month to assist in the establishment of the plant.

[0022] Optionally, the method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction is applicable to the ecological restoration of degraded wetlands in arid or semi-arid areas with annual precipitation of less than 100 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the restored soil, based on the method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas using the Fat Island model, has a moisture content of 20.20±1.5%, an electrical conductivity (EC) of 3.5±0.13 ms / cm, a pH of 8.1±0.1, a total nitrogen content of 0.77±0.02 g / kg, and an organic carbon content of 13.75±0.26 g / kg.

[0024] Optionally, the restored community characteristics of the arid zone degraded wetland community based on the Fei Island creation method are as follows: herbaceous plant coverage reaches 85-90%, plant height increases to 85-111 cm, and aboveground biomass reaches 424-458 g / m³. 2 .

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0026] This invention discloses a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid regions based on fertile island creation. This method scientifically optimizes the species composition and restoration sequence of wetland plants in arid areas, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-species restoration models in terms of ecological adaptability, resource utilization efficiency, and system stability. It employs a shrub-grass optimization strategy, prioritizing the planting of drought-resistant shrubs to create fertile island habitats and constructing herbaceous plant patches. Utilizing the strong resistance and deep root system of shrubs such as Tamarix chinensis in extremely arid and high-salt-alkali environments, the method establishes a stable microenvironmental regulation foundation through early shrub survival and canopy expansion, effectively reducing surface evaporation and improving local moisture conditions. Furthermore, it reduces soil salinity stress through salt secretion and shading mechanisms, creating suitable habitats for subsequent herbaceous plants. This addresses the problems of low survival rates and unstable restoration effects caused by insufficient resistance or poor environmental adaptability in traditional single-shrub or herbaceous restoration models.

[0027] Furthermore, this invention employs a phased restoration sequence design, planting perennial herbaceous wetland plants such as reeds after the shrubs have established themselves and formed a certain ecological barrier. This achieves complementary and synergistic vegetation functional levels, allowing the herbaceous plants to fully utilize the improved water, nutrient, and microenvironment conditions provided by the shrubs. This rapidly replenishes vegetation cover and enhances system productivity. Simultaneously, it creates a combination of deep and shallow root distribution between shrubs and herbaceous plants, stratified absorption of water, and synergistic effects in nutrient cycling, significantly improving the overall ecosystem's resource utilization efficiency and self-sustaining capacity.

[0028] Furthermore, by supplementing the restoration process with appropriate water replenishment measures, precisely matching the limited natural rainfall in arid and semi-arid regions, water waste caused by traditional large-scale irrigation is avoided. Scientific regulation of water supply ensures vegetation needs during key restoration stages, such as shrub planting and herbaceous plant establishment, achieving a dual optimization of water conservation and restoration effectiveness. Through a systematic design combining shrubs and grasses and implementing phased approaches, the stability, biodiversity, and productivity of vegetation communities are significantly improved. The resulting composite vegetation structure exhibits stronger resilience and higher coverage, enabling the long-term maintenance of wetland ecological functions. This provides a scientific, efficient, water-saving, and eco-friendly technical approach for wetland vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the configuration for creating shrub-rich island habitats and constructing vegetation restoration using herbaceous patches; the left figure shows the key parameters, and the right figure shows the effect of Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0033] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0034] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0035] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0036] This invention discloses a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid regions based on fertile island creation, comprising the following steps: introducing native drought- and salt-tolerant shrubs or small trees, providing water to promote their growth, and creating fertile island habitats; once the canopy reaches a suitable size, planting stress-resistant wetland herbaceous plants, and constructing herbaceous patches using species matching and density control; during the herbaceous vegetation restoration process, promoting their establishment through water and fertilizer management, and enhancing the stability of degraded wetland communities through shrub and herbaceous patch combination. In other words, this invention addresses the problems of scarce natural precipitation, high evaporation, low plant cover, and severely low productivity and diversity in arid and semi-arid regions by creating fertile island habitats and constructing herbaceous patches to achieve the goals of vegetation community restoration and improved productivity and stability. Furthermore, this invention, by creating fertile island habitats to restore plant community productivity and stability, has the advantages of reliable method, stable effect, and water and fertilizer conservation, providing a basis for the restoration of degraded wetland vegetation in arid regions.

[0037] This invention discloses a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction, comprising the following steps:

[0038] By introducing native drought- and salt-tolerant shrubs or small trees and supplementing water to promote their growth, a fertile island habitat can be created.

[0039] When the canopy reaches a suitable size (i.e., the canopy exceeds 1 meter), plant stress-resistant wetland herbaceous plants, and use species matching and density control to create herbaceous patches;

[0040] During the restoration of herbaceous vegetation, water and fertilizer management is used to promote its establishment, and the combination of shrubs and grasses is used to enhance the stability of degraded wetland communities.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, native drought- and salt-tolerant shrubs or small trees such as tamarisk and white thorn, native species of arid regions, are introduced and propagated by cuttings, with branches reaching a height of 0.8-1.2 m.

[0042] Furthermore, during the cutting propagation process, the row spacing / plant spacing should be set at 3-5 m.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, watering is provided by installing drip irrigation pipes to promote growth. Specifically, after cutting, drip irrigation is used to water twice a day, morning and evening, for 20-30 minutes each time.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, creating a fat island habitat requires annual, fixed-point measurements of shrub height, canopy size, soil moisture content and nutrient and salinity characteristics beneath the canopy.

[0045] In some alternative embodiments, the stress-tolerant wetland herbaceous plants planted are reeds, rush grass, or ice grass.

[0046] Furthermore, by utilizing species pairing and density control, herbaceous patches can be constructed. One to three species can be paired. Reeds can be planted alone or mixed with Imperata cylindrica or Agrostis pilosa to construct patches. The planting density of reeds with other species (Imperata cylindrica or Agrostis pilosa) is 2:1.

[0047] Furthermore, herbaceous patches are constructed, with wetland herbaceous plants planted from May to July. Planting locations are: centered on shrubs, within a range of twice the crown width in diameter or side length, with a row spacing / plant spacing of 0.5 m.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, water and fertilizer management is used to promote the establishment of herbaceous plants, which means using drip irrigation to irrigate 1-2 times a day for the first month after planting.

[0049] All raw materials used in this invention were purchased from the market.

[0050] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0051] The Heihe Wetland, located in the arid region in the middle reaches of the Heihe River, spans three counties: Ganzhou, Linze, and Gaotai, covering a total area of ​​41,000 hectares. It was listed as an internationally important wetland in 2015. The region experiences low rainfall, approximately 50-70 mm. In Gaotai County, the wetland vegetation is stunted, its natural recovery is slow, and the plant species are limited, resulting in a severe decline in productivity and biodiversity. A shrub-grass hybrid approach was adopted, prioritizing the planting of drought-resistant semi-shrub species such as Tamarix chinensis, using drip irrigation to aid its survival. Once the Tamarix chinensis canopy reached over 1 meter in length, native wetland herbaceous plants were planted in circular or square patterns in an area twice the canopy width, using drip irrigation to assist in their establishment. Watering was provided morning and evening for one month, after which the water supply was discontinued. By September of the following year, vegetation cover and productivity had significantly improved.

[0052] This invention involves planting and restoring grasses such as reeds under different canopy widths of tamarisk in the Gaotai County section of the Heihe River. Using the restoration of bare land and grasses without fertile island habitats as comparative examples, the restoration effect of fertile island habitat creation and herbaceous plant patch construction technology is summarized by analyzing indicators such as soil moisture, nutrients, salinity, herbaceous plant productivity and coverage.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0056] In mid-May, tamarisk cuttings are taken, selecting branches 1.2 m in height, with a row spacing / plant spacing of 3 m (both row and plant spacing are 3 meters). After cutting, drip irrigation is installed, watering for 30 minutes each time, morning and evening, for 3 months. In early to mid-May of the following year, tamarisk with a crown width of approximately 3 m is selected. Within a range twice the crown width (6 meters x 6 meters), reed rhizomes are planted to create plant patches, with a row spacing / plant spacing of 0.5 m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Drip irrigation is installed in each row. Before planting, the soil is thoroughly watered to moisten it. Then, a 10-15 cm deep trench is dug, and 10-20 cm rhizome segments are placed horizontally into the trench, covered with 5-10 cm of soil. Drip irrigation is applied morning and evening, 1-2 times daily, keeping the soil moist. Continuous watering for one month ensures successful rhizome establishment.

[0057] The autumn following the planting of the reeds, the area of ​​reeds surrounding the tamarisk was 36 m². 2 The height and crown size of tamarisk were measured, as well as the coverage, height, density, and aboveground biomass of reed populations.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0060] In mid-May, tamarisk cuttings are taken, selecting branches 1 m high with a row / plant spacing of 3 m. After cutting, drip irrigation is installed, watering for 30 minutes each time, morning and evening, for 3 months. In early to mid-May of the following year, tamarisk with a crown width of about 1.5 m is selected. Within an area twice the crown width (3 m x 3 m), reed rhizomes are planted to create plant patches, with a row / plant spacing of 0.5 m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Drip irrigation is installed in each row. Before planting, the soil is thoroughly watered to moisten it. Then, a 10-15 cm deep trench is dug, and 10-20 cm rhizome segments are placed horizontally into the trench and covered with soil. Drip irrigation is applied morning and evening, 1-2 times daily, keeping the soil moist. Continuous watering for one month ensures successful reed establishment.

[0061] In the autumn of the second year after the reeds were planted, the reed area surrounding the tamarisk was 9 m². 2 The height and crown size of tamarisk were measured, as well as the coverage, height, density, and aboveground biomass of reed populations.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0064] In mid-May, tamarisk cuttings are taken, selecting branches 0.8 m in height, with a row / plant spacing of 3 m. After cutting, drip irrigation is installed, watering for 30 minutes each time, morning and evening, for 3 months. In early to mid-May of the following year, tamarisk with a crown width of 1.0 m is selected, and reed rhizomes are planted within a 2m x 2m area (2m x 2m) to create plant patches, with a row / plant spacing of 0.5 m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Drip irrigation is installed in each row. Before planting, the soil is thoroughly watered to moisten it. Then, a 10-15 cm deep trench is dug, and 10-20 cm rhizome segments are placed horizontally into the trench and covered with soil. Drip irrigation is applied morning and evening, 1-2 times daily, keeping the soil moist. Continuous watering for one month ensures successful rhizome establishment.

[0065] In the autumn of the second year after planting, the reed area surrounding the tamarisk can reach 3 m². 2 The height and crown size of tamarisk were measured, as well as the coverage, height, density, and aboveground biomass of reed populations.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction includes the following steps:

[0068] In mid-May, tamarisk cuttings are taken, selecting branches 1.2 m high with a row / plant spacing of 3 m. After cutting, drip irrigation is installed, watering for 30 minutes each time, morning and evening, for 3 months. In early to mid-May of the following year, tamarisk with a crown width of approximately 3 m is selected. Within an area twice the crown width (6 m x 6 m), reeds and ice grass rhizomes are planted to create plant patches, with a planting density of 2:1, i.e., two reed rhizomes for every one ice grass rhizome, with a row / plant spacing of 0.5 m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Drip irrigation is installed in each row. Before planting, the soil is thoroughly watered to moisten it. Then, a 10-15 cm deep trench is dug, and 10 cm rhizome segments are placed horizontally into the trench and covered with soil. Drip irrigation is applied morning and evening, 1-2 times daily, keeping the soil moist. Continuous watering for one month ensures successful rhizome establishment.

[0069] The autumn following the planting of reeds and ice grass, the reed area surrounding the tamarisk was 36 m². 2 The height and crown size of tamarisk were measured, as well as the coverage, height, density, and aboveground biomass of reed populations.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas includes the following steps:

[0072] In early to mid-June, select bare ground where no tamarisk grows. Plant reed rhizomes in 3m x 3m plots to create planting patches, with a row / plant spacing of 0.5m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Lay drip irrigation pipes in each row. Before planting, thoroughly water the soil to moisten it. Then, dig away 10-15cm of soil, place 10-20cm rhizome segments horizontally into the pits, and cover with 5-10cm of soil. Water via drip irrigation in the morning and evening, maintaining a daily watering level of 1-2 times, keeping the soil moist. Continue watering for one month to ensure successful reed rhizome establishment.

[0073] In the autumn of the second year after planting, the cover, height, density and aboveground biomass of the reed population were measured.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas includes the following steps:

[0076] In early to mid-June, select bare land where no tamarisk grows. Plant reed rhizomes in 2m x 2m sections to create planting patches, with a row / plant spacing of 0.5m. Each rhizome should have 2-3 buds. Lay drip irrigation pipes in each row. Before planting, thoroughly water the soil to moisten it. Then, dig away 10-15cm of soil, place 10-20cm rhizome segments horizontally into the pits, and cover with 5-10cm of soil. Water via drip irrigation in the morning and evening, maintaining a daily watering level of 1-2 times, keeping the soil moist. Continue watering for one month to ensure successful reed rhizome establishment.

[0077] In the autumn of the second year after planting, the cover, height, density and aboveground biomass of the reed population were measured.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] A bare plot of land was selected as a control, without any plants. At the same monitoring time as described above, soil samples were collected from 0 to 20 cm depth, along with those from Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. The samples were brought back to the laboratory for analysis of water content, pH, EC, and soil organic carbon content. The grass recovery effect after the creation of the fertilizer island effect was compared, as detailed in Table 2.

[0080] Table 1. Soil nutrient characteristics under different community structures

[0081] Soil moisture content / % Soil EC ms / cm Soil pH Soil TN g / kg Soil organic carbon g / kg Comparative Example 3 - Bare Land 10±2.4 6.1±0.3 9.01±0.2 0.44±0.03 10.20±0.22 Comparative Example 2 - Grass 13.5±1.2 3.8±0.11 8.6±0.15 0.64±0.02 11.56±0.30 Example 1 - Shrubs + Grasses 20.20±1.5 3.5±0.13 8.1±0.1 0.77±0.02 13.75±0.26

[0082] Table 1 shows the significant impact of different vegetation community structures on soil nutrient characteristics. Bare land without any vegetation cover had the lowest soil moisture content and nutrients such as organic carbon and total nitrogen, while having the highest electrical conductivity and pH value, indicating the infertile nature of bare land. After vegetation restoration, soil moisture content, nutrient content, and salinity characteristics improved to some extent. The shrub + grass structure was the optimal one, indicating that vegetation restoration, especially vegetation structure optimization, has a synergistic effect on water conservation, carbon sequestration, and soil fertility improvement.

[0083] Table 2. Characteristics of different communities in the examples and comparative examples

[0084] Tamarix height / m Tamarix crown width / m <![CDATA[Patch area of grass / m 2 > Grass cover / % Grass community height / m <![CDATA[Density of grass plants per clump / m 2 > <![CDATA[Gramineae biomass / g / m 2 > Example 1 2.0 3 66 90 1.11 86 457 Example 2 1.5 1.5 33 90 0.86 98 458 Example 3 1 1 22 85 0.85 82 424 Example 4 2.2 3 66 85 0.96 88 445 Comparative Example 1 / / 33 50 0.72 63 311 Comparative Example 2 / / 22 40 0.54 66 179 Comparative Example 3 / / / / / / /

[0085] Table 2 shows the community characteristics of bare land, grass patches, and tamarisk-grass patches. In Comparative Example 3, the bare land relies on natural rainfall and soil seed banks; vegetation recovery is difficult in a short period (1-2 years), resulting in zero ground cover. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 show different patch sizes of grass herbaceous plants. In arid areas with low rainfall and high evaporation, grass height can reach 50-70 cm, with a ground cover of 40-50% and aboveground biomass (grass biomass) of 179-310 g / m². 2Examples 1-4 involve constructing herbaceous patches of a certain area beneath the shrub canopy. This significantly improves the growth characteristics of the grasses, with grass height reaching 85-111 cm, coverage reaching 82-98%, and aboveground biomass (grass biomass) at 424-458 g / m². 2 above.

[0086] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island creation. By creating tamarisk shrub fertile island habitats and constructing herbaceous plant patches, it not only significantly improves the physical structure and nutrient status of soil in arid areas, but also achieves a synergistic improvement in vegetation productivity and stability through optimized shrub and grass spatial configuration, providing an effective technical solution for ecological environment restoration in arid desert areas.

[0087] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Introduce shrubs or small trees and supplement with initial watering to create a fertile island habitat; Once the crown width of the shrubs or small trees has grown to 1m, herbaceous plants are planted within an area that is n times the crown width as the side length to construct herbaceous patches; where 3≥n≥1; Water and fertilizer management should be implemented in the early stage of herbaceous plant planting to restore degraded wetland communities in arid areas.

2. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shrubs or small trees mentioned are tamarisk or white thorn.

3. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shrub or small tree is tamarisk.

4. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, n=2。 5. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The watering is done via drip irrigation, with watering done twice a day, morning and evening, after the shrubs are planted until they are established.

6. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbaceous plant is at least one of reed, cogon grass, or ice grass.

7. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for water and fertilizer management are as follows: after planting, water is replenished 1-2 times a day by drip irrigation for one month.

8. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proposed method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction is applicable to the ecological restoration of degraded wetlands in arid or semi-arid areas with annual precipitation below 100 mm.

9. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The restored soil had a moisture content of 20.20±1.5%, an electrical conductivity of 3.5±0.13 ms / cm, a pH of 8.1±0.1, a total nitrogen content of 0.77±0.02 g / kg, and an organic carbon content of 13.75±0.26 g / kg.

10. The method for restoring degraded wetland communities in arid areas based on fertile island construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The restored community characteristics are: herbaceous plant coverage reaches 85-90%, plant height increases to 85-111 cm, and aboveground grass biomass reaches 424-458 g / m². 2 .

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